jot/jot.c

   1 /*-
   2  * Copyright (c) 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  16  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  */
  33
  34 #ifndef lint
  35 static const char copyright[] =
  36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1993\n\
  37         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
  38 #endif /* not lint */
  39
  40 #ifndef lint
  41 #if 0
  42 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)jot.c       8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
  43 #endif
  44 #endif
  45 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  46 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/jot/jot.c,v 1.40 2009/12/13 03:14:06 delphij Exp $");
  47
  48 /*
  49  * jot - print sequential or random data
  50  *
  51  * Author:  John Kunze, Office of Comp. Affairs, UCB
  52  */
  53
  54 #include <ctype.h>
  55 #include <err.h>
  56 #include <limits.h>
  57 #include <stdio.h>
  58 #include <stdint.h>
  59 #include <stdlib.h>
  60 #include <stdbool.h>
  61 #include <string.h>
  62 #include <time.h>
  63 #include <unistd.h>
  64
  65 /* Defaults */
  66 #define REPS_DEF        100
  67 #define BEGIN_DEF       1
  68 #define ENDER_DEF       100
  69 #define STEP_DEF        1
  70
  71 /* Flags of options that have been set */
  72 #define HAVE_STEP       1
  73 #define HAVE_ENDER      2
  74 #define HAVE_BEGIN      4
  75 #define HAVE_REPS       8
  76
  77 #define is_default(s)   (*(s) == 0 || strcmp((s), "-") == 0)
  78
  79 static bool     boring;
  80 static int      prec;
  81 static bool     longdata;
  82 static bool     intdata;
  83 static bool     chardata;
  84 static bool     nosign;
  85 static const    char *sepstring = "\n";
  86 static char     format[BUFSIZ];
  87
  88 static void     getformat(void);
  89 static int      getprec(const char *);
  90 static int      putdata(double, bool);
  91 static void     usage(void);
  92
  93 int
  94 main(int argc, char **argv)
  95 {
  96         bool    have_format = false;
  97         bool    infinity = false;
  98         bool    nofinalnl = false;
  99         bool    randomize = false;
 100         bool    use_random = false;
 101         int     ch;
 102         int     mask = 0;
 103         int     n = 0;
 104         double  begin = BEGIN_DEF;
 105         double  divisor;
 106         double  ender = ENDER_DEF;
 107         double  s = STEP_DEF;
 108         double  x, y;
 109         long    i;
 110         long    reps = REPS_DEF;
 111
 112         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "b:cnp:rs:w:")) != -1)
 113                 switch (ch) {
 114                 case 'b':
 115                         boring = true;
 116                         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 117                 case 'w':
 118                         if (strlcpy(format, optarg, sizeof(format)) >=
 119                             sizeof(format))
 120                                 errx(1, "-%c word too long", ch);
 121                         have_format = true;
 122                         break;
 123                 case 'c':
 124                         chardata = true;
 125                         break;
 126                 case 'n':
 127                         nofinalnl = true;
 128                         break;
 129                 case 'p':
 130                         prec = atoi(optarg);
 131                         if (prec <= 0)
 132                                 errx(1, "bad precision value");
 133                         have_format = true;
 134                         break;
 135                 case 'r':
 136                         randomize = true;
 137                         break;
 138                 case 's':
 139                         sepstring = optarg;
 140                         break;
 141                 default:
 142                         usage();
 143                 }
 144         argc -= optind;
 145         argv += optind;
 146
 147         switch (argc) { /* examine args right to left, falling thru cases */
 148         case 4:
 149                 if (!is_default(argv[3])) {
 150                         if (!sscanf(argv[3], "%lf", &s))
 151                                 errx(1, "bad s value: %s", argv[3]);
 152                         mask |= HAVE_STEP;
 153                         if (randomize)
 154                                 use_random = true;
 155                 }
 156                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
 157         case 3:
 158                 if (!is_default(argv[2])) {
 159                         if (!sscanf(argv[2], "%lf", &ender))
 160                                 ender = argv[2][strlen(argv[2])-1];
 161                         mask |= HAVE_ENDER;
 162                         if (!prec)
 163                                 n = getprec(argv[2]);
 164                 }
 165                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
 166         case 2:
 167                 if (!is_default(argv[1])) {
 168                         if (!sscanf(argv[1], "%lf", &begin))
 169                                 begin = argv[1][strlen(argv[1])-1];
 170                         mask |= HAVE_BEGIN;
 171                         if (!prec)
 172                                 prec = getprec(argv[1]);
 173                         if (n > prec)           /* maximum precision */
 174                                 prec = n;
 175                 }
 176                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
 177         case 1:
 178                 if (!is_default(argv[0])) {
 179                         if (!sscanf(argv[0], "%ld", &reps))
 180                                 errx(1, "bad reps value: %s", argv[0]);
 181                         mask |= HAVE_REPS;
 182                 }
 183                 break;
 184         case 0:
 185                 usage();
 186         default:
 187                 errx(1, "too many arguments.  What do you mean by %s?",
 188                     argv[4]);
 189         }
 190         getformat();
 191         while (mask)    /* 4 bit mask has 1's where last 4 args were given */
 192                 switch (mask) { /* fill in the 0's by default or computation */
 193                 case HAVE_STEP:
 194                 case HAVE_ENDER:
 195                 case HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP:
 196                 case HAVE_BEGIN:
 197                 case HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_STEP:
 198                         reps = REPS_DEF;
 199                         mask |= HAVE_REPS;
 200                         break;
 201                 case HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER:
 202                         s = ender > begin ? 1 : -1;
 203                         mask |= HAVE_STEP;
 204                         break;
 205                 case HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP:
 206                         if (randomize)
 207                                 reps = REPS_DEF;
 208                         else if (s == 0.0)
 209                                 reps = 0;
 210                         else
 211                                 reps = (ender - begin + s) / s;
 212                         if (reps <= 0)
 213                                 errx(1, "impossible stepsize");
 214                         mask = 0;
 215                         break;
 216                 case HAVE_REPS:
 217                 case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_STEP:
 218                         begin = BEGIN_DEF;
 219                         mask |= HAVE_BEGIN;
 220                         break;
 221                 case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_ENDER:
 222                         s = STEP_DEF;
 223                         mask = HAVE_REPS | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP;
 224                         break;
 225                 case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP:
 226                         if (randomize)
 227                                 begin = BEGIN_DEF;
 228                         else if (reps == 0)
 229                                 errx(1, "must specify begin if reps == 0");
 230                         begin = ender - reps * s + s;
 231                         mask = 0;
 232                         break;
 233                 case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN:
 234                         s = STEP_DEF;
 235                         mask = HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_STEP;
 236                         break;
 237                 case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_STEP:
 238                         if (randomize)
 239                                 ender = ENDER_DEF;
 240                         else
 241                                 ender = begin + reps * s - s;
 242                         mask = 0;
 243                         break;
 244                 case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER:
 245                         if (reps == 0)
 246                                 errx(1, "infinite sequences cannot be bounded");
 247                         else if (reps == 1)
 248                                 s = 0.0;
 249                         else
 250                                 s = (ender - begin) / (reps - 1);
 251                         mask = 0;
 252                         break;
 253                 case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP:
 254                         /* if reps given and implied, */
 255                         if (!randomize && s != 0.0) {
 256                                 long t = (ender - begin + s) / s;
 257                                 if (t <= 0)
 258                                         errx(1, "impossible stepsize");
 259                                 if (t < reps)           /* take lesser */
 260                                         reps = t;
 261                         }
 262                         mask = 0;
 263                         break;
 264                 default:
 265                         errx(1, "bad mask");
 266                 }
 267         if (reps == 0)
 268                 infinity = true;
 269         if (randomize) {
 270                 if (use_random) {
 271                         srandom((unsigned long)s);
 272                         divisor = (double)INT32_MAX + 1;
 273                 } else
 274                         divisor = (double)UINT32_MAX + 1;
 275
 276                 /*
 277                  * Attempt to DWIM when the user has specified an
 278                  * integer range within that of the random number
 279                  * generator: distribute the numbers equally in
 280                  * the range [begin .. ender].  Jot's default %.0f
 281                  * format would make the appearance of the first and
 282                  * last specified value half as likely as the rest.
 283                  */
 284                 if (!have_format && prec == 0 &&
 285                     begin >= 0 && begin < divisor &&
 286                     ender >= 0 && ender < divisor) {
 287                         ender += 1;
 288                         nosign = true;
 289                         intdata = true;
 290                         (void)strlcpy(format,
 291                             chardata ? "%c" : "%u", sizeof(format));
 292                 }
 293                 x = (ender - begin) * (ender > begin ? 1 : -1);
 294                 for (i = 1; i <= reps || infinity; i++) {
 295                         if (use_random)
 296                                 y = random() / divisor;
 297                         else
 298                                 y = arc4random() / divisor;
 299                         if (putdata(y * x + begin, !(reps - i)))
 300                                 errx(1, "range error in conversion");
 301                 }
 302         } else
 303                 for (i = 1, x = begin; i <= reps || infinity; i++, x += s)
 304                         if (putdata(x, !(reps - i)))
 305                                 errx(1, "range error in conversion");
 306         if (!nofinalnl)
 307                 putchar('\n');
 308         exit(0);
 309 }
 310
 311 /*
 312  * Send x to stdout using the specified format.
 313  * Last is  true if this is the set's last value.
 314  * Return 0 if OK, or a positive number if the number passed was
 315  * outside the range specified by the various flags.
 316  */
 317 static int
 318 putdata(double x, bool last)
 319 {
 320
 321         if (boring)
 322                 printf("%s", format);
 323         else if (longdata && nosign) {
 324                 if (x <= (double)ULONG_MAX && x >= (double)0)
 325                         printf(format, (unsigned long)x);
 326                 else
 327                         return (1);
 328         } else if (longdata) {
 329                 if (x <= (double)LONG_MAX && x >= (double)LONG_MIN)
 330                         printf(format, (long)x);
 331                 else
 332                         return (1);
 333         } else if (chardata || (intdata && !nosign)) {
 334                 if (x <= (double)INT_MAX && x >= (double)INT_MIN)
 335                         printf(format, (int)x);
 336                 else
 337                         return (1);
 338         } else if (intdata) {
 339                 if (x <= (double)UINT_MAX && x >= (double)0)
 340                         printf(format, (unsigned int)x);
 341                 else
 342                         return (1);
 343
 344         } else
 345                 printf(format, x);
 346         if (!last)
 347                 fputs(sepstring, stdout);
 348
 349         return (0);
 350 }
 351
 352 static void
 353 usage(void)
 354 {
 355         fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n",
 356         "usage: jot [-cnr] [-b word] [-w word] [-s string] [-p precision]",
 357         "           [reps [begin [end [s]]]]");
 358         exit(1);
 359 }
 360
 361 /*
 362  * Return the number of digits following the number's decimal point.
 363  * Return 0 if no decimal point is found.
 364  */
 365 static int
 366 getprec(const char *str)
 367 {
 368         const char      *p;
 369         const char      *q;
 370
 371         for (p = str; *p; p++)
 372                 if (*p == '.')
 373                         break;
 374         if (!*p)
 375                 return (0);
 376         for (q = ++p; *p; p++)
 377                 if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*p))
 378                         break;
 379         return (p - q);
 380 }
 381
 382 /*
 383  * Set format, intdata, chardata, longdata, and nosign
 384  * based on the command line arguments.
 385  */
 386 static void
 387 getformat(void)
 388 {
 389         char    *p, *p2;
 390         int dot, hash, space, sign, numbers = 0;
 391         size_t sz;
 392
 393         if (boring)                             /* no need to bother */
 394                 return;
 395         for (p = format; *p; p++)               /* look for '%' */
 396                 if (*p == '%') {
 397                         if (p[1] == '%')
 398                                 p++;            /* leave %% alone */
 399                         else
 400                                 break;
 401                 }
 402         sz = sizeof(format) - strlen(format) - 1;
 403         if (!*p && !chardata) {
 404                 if (snprintf(p, sz, "%%.%df", prec) >= (int)sz)
 405                         errx(1, "-w word too long");
 406         } else if (!*p && chardata) {
 407                 if (strlcpy(p, "%c", sz) >= sz)
 408                         errx(1, "-w word too long");
 409                 intdata = true;
 410         } else if (!*(p+1)) {
 411                 if (sz <= 0)
 412                         errx(1, "-w word too long");
 413                 strcat(format, "%");            /* cannot end in single '%' */
 414         } else {
 415                 /*
 416                  * Allow conversion format specifiers of the form
 417                  * %[#][ ][{+,-}][0-9]*[.[0-9]*]? where ? must be one of
 418                  * [l]{d,i,o,u,x} or {f,e,g,E,G,d,o,x,D,O,U,X,c,u}
 419                  */
 420                 p2 = p++;
 421                 dot = hash = space = sign = numbers = 0;
 422                 while (!isalpha((unsigned char)*p)) {
 423                         if (isdigit((unsigned char)*p)) {
 424                                 numbers++;
 425                                 p++;
 426                         } else if ((*p == '#' && !(numbers|dot|sign|space|
 427                             hash++)) ||
 428                             (*p == ' ' && !(numbers|dot|space++)) ||
 429                             ((*p == '+' || *p == '-') && !(numbers|dot|sign++))
 430                             || (*p == '.' && !(dot++)))
 431                                 p++;
 432                         else
 433                                 goto fmt_broken;
 434                 }
 435                 if (*p == 'l') {
 436                         longdata = true;
 437                         if (*++p == 'l') {
 438                                 if (p[1] != '\0')
 439                                         p++;
 440                                 goto fmt_broken;
 441                         }
 442                 }
 443                 switch (*p) {
 444                 case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X':
 445                         intdata = nosign = true;
 446                         break;
 447                 case 'd': case 'i':
 448                         intdata = true;
 449                         break;
 450                 case 'D':
 451                         if (!longdata) {
 452                                 intdata = true;
 453                                 break;
 454                         }
 455                 case 'O': case 'U':
 456                         if (!longdata) {
 457                                 intdata = nosign = true;
 458                                 break;
 459                         }
 460                 case 'c':
 461                         if (!(intdata | longdata)) {
 462                                 chardata = true;
 463                                 break;
 464                         }
 465                 case 'h': case 'n': case 'p': case 'q': case 's': case 'L':
 466                 case '$': case '*':
 467                         goto fmt_broken;
 468                 case 'f': case 'e': case 'g': case 'E': case 'G':
 469                         if (!longdata)
 470                                 break;
 471                         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 472                 default:
 473 fmt_broken:
 474                         *++p = '\0';
 475                         errx(1, "illegal or unsupported format '%s'", p2);
 476                         /* NOTREACHED */
 477                 }
 478                 while (*++p)
 479                         if (*p == '%' && *(p+1) && *(p+1) != '%')
 480                                 errx(1, "too many conversions");
 481                         else if (*p == '%' && *(p+1) == '%')
 482                                 p++;
 483                         else if (*p == '%' && !*(p+1)) {
 484                                 if (strlcat(format, "%", sizeof(format)) >=
 485                                     sizeof(format))
 486                                         errx(1, "-w word too long");
 487                                 break;
 488                         }
 489         }
 490 }