Security-59754.41.1.tar.gz

[apple/security.git] / OSX / libsecurity_codesigning / lib / bundlediskrep.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2006-2014 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 * 
 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
 * 
 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. Please obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this
 * file.
 * 
 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
 * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
 * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
 * limitations under the License.
 * 
 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
 */
#include "bundlediskrep.h"
#include "filediskrep.h"
#include "dirscanner.h"
#include "notarization.h"
#include <CoreFoundation/CFBundlePriv.h>
#include <CoreFoundation/CFURLAccess.h>
#include <CoreFoundation/CFBundlePriv.h>
#include <security_utilities/cfmunge.h>
#include <copyfile.h>
#include <fts.h>
#include <sstream>

namespace Security {
namespace CodeSigning {

using namespace UnixPlusPlus;


//
// Local helpers
//
static std::string findDistFile(const std::string &directory);


//
// We make a CFBundleRef immediately, but everything else is lazy
//
BundleDiskRep::BundleDiskRep(const char *path, const Context *ctx)
        : mBundle(_CFBundleCreateUnique(NULL, CFTempURL(path))), forcePlatform(false)
{
        if (!mBundle)
                MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSBadBundleFormat);
        setup(ctx);
        forcePlatform = mExecRep->appleInternalForcePlatform();
        CODESIGN_DISKREP_CREATE_BUNDLE_PATH(this, (char*)path, (void*)ctx, mExecRep);
}

BundleDiskRep::BundleDiskRep(CFBundleRef ref, const Context *ctx)
{
        mBundle = ref;          // retains
        setup(ctx);
        forcePlatform = mExecRep->appleInternalForcePlatform();
        CODESIGN_DISKREP_CREATE_BUNDLE_REF(this, ref, (void*)ctx, mExecRep);
}

BundleDiskRep::~BundleDiskRep()
{
}
        
void BundleDiskRep::checkMoved(CFURLRef oldPath, CFURLRef newPath)
{
        char cOld[PATH_MAX];
        char cNew[PATH_MAX];
        // The realpath call is important because alot of Framework bundles have a symlink
        // to their "Current" version binary in the main bundle
        if (realpath(cfString(oldPath).c_str(), cOld) == NULL ||
                realpath(cfString(newPath).c_str(), cNew) == NULL)
                MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSAmbiguousBundleFormat);
        
        if (strcmp(cOld, cNew) != 0)
                recordStrictError(errSecCSAmbiguousBundleFormat);
}

// common construction code
void BundleDiskRep::setup(const Context *ctx)
{
        mComponentsFromExecValid = false; // not yet known
        mInstallerPackage = false;      // default
        mAppLike = false;                       // pessimism first
        bool appDisqualified = false; // found reason to disqualify as app

        // capture the path of the main executable before descending into a specific version
        CFRef<CFURLRef> mainExecBefore = CFBundleCopyExecutableURL(mBundle);
        CFRef<CFURLRef> infoPlistBefore = _CFBundleCopyInfoPlistURL(mBundle);

        // validate the bundle root; fish around for the desired framework version
        string root = cfStringRelease(copyCanonicalPath());
        if (filehasExtendedAttribute(root, XATTR_FINDERINFO_NAME))
                recordStrictError(errSecCSInvalidAssociatedFileData);
        string contents = root + "/Contents";
        string supportFiles = root + "/Support Files";
        string version = root + "/Versions/"
                + ((ctx && ctx->version) ? ctx->version : "Current")
                + "/.";
        if (::access(contents.c_str(), F_OK) == 0) {    // not shallow
                DirValidator val;
                val.require("^Contents$", DirValidator::directory);      // duh
                val.allow("^(\\.LSOverride|\\.DS_Store|Icon\r|\\.SoftwareDepot\\.tracking)$", DirValidator::file | DirValidator::noexec);
                try {
                        val.validate(root, errSecCSUnsealedAppRoot);
                } catch (const MacOSError &err) {
                        recordStrictError(err.error);
                }
        } else if (::access(supportFiles.c_str(), F_OK) == 0) { // ancient legacy boondoggle bundle
                // treat like a shallow bundle; do not allow Versions arbitration
                appDisqualified = true;
        } else if (::access(version.c_str(), F_OK) == 0) {      // versioned bundle
                if (CFBundleRef versionBundle = _CFBundleCreateUnique(NULL, CFTempURL(version)))
                        mBundle.take(versionBundle);    // replace top bundle ref
                else
                        MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSStaticCodeNotFound);
                appDisqualified = true;
                validateFrameworkRoot(root);
        } else {
                if (ctx && ctx->version)        // explicitly specified
                        MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSStaticCodeNotFound);
        }

        CFDictionaryRef infoDict = CFBundleGetInfoDictionary(mBundle);
        assert(infoDict);       // CFBundle will always make one up for us
        CFTypeRef mainHTML = CFDictionaryGetValue(infoDict, CFSTR("MainHTML"));
        CFTypeRef packageVersion = CFDictionaryGetValue(infoDict, CFSTR("IFMajorVersion"));

        // conventional executable bundle: CFBundle identifies an executable for us
        if (CFRef<CFURLRef> mainExec = CFBundleCopyExecutableURL(mBundle))              // if CFBundle claims an executable...
                if (mainHTML == NULL) {                                                                                         // ... and it's not a widget

                        // Note that this check is skipped if there is a specific framework version checked.
                        // That's because you know what you are doing if you are looking at a specific version.
                        // This check is designed to stop someone who did a verification on an app root, from mistakenly
                        // verifying a framework
                        if (!ctx || !ctx->version) {
                                if (mainExecBefore)
                                        checkMoved(mainExecBefore, mainExec);
                                if (infoPlistBefore)
                                        if (CFRef<CFURLRef> infoDictPath = _CFBundleCopyInfoPlistURL(mBundle))
                                                checkMoved(infoPlistBefore, infoDictPath);
                        }

                        mMainExecutableURL = mainExec;
                        mExecRep = DiskRep::bestFileGuess(this->mainExecutablePath(), ctx);
                        checkPlainFile(mExecRep->fd(), this->mainExecutablePath());
                        CFDictionaryRef infoDict = CFBundleGetInfoDictionary(mBundle);
                        bool isAppBundle = false;
                        if (infoDict)
                                if (CFTypeRef packageType = CFDictionaryGetValue(infoDict, CFSTR("CFBundlePackageType")))
                                        if (CFEqual(packageType, CFSTR("APPL")))
                                                isAppBundle = true;
                        mFormat = "bundle with " + mExecRep->format();
                        if (isAppBundle)
                                mFormat = "app " + mFormat;
                        mAppLike = isAppBundle && !appDisqualified;
                        return;
                }
        
        // widget
        if (mainHTML) {
                if (CFGetTypeID(mainHTML) != CFStringGetTypeID())
                        MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSBadBundleFormat);
                mMainExecutableURL.take(makeCFURL(cfString(CFStringRef(mainHTML)), false,
                        CFRef<CFURLRef>(CFBundleCopySupportFilesDirectoryURL(mBundle))));
                if (!mMainExecutableURL)
                        MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSBadBundleFormat);
                mExecRep = new FileDiskRep(this->mainExecutablePath().c_str());
                checkPlainFile(mExecRep->fd(), this->mainExecutablePath());
                mFormat = "widget bundle";
                mAppLike = true;
                return;
        }
        
        // do we have a real Info.plist here?
        if (CFRef<CFURLRef> infoURL = _CFBundleCopyInfoPlistURL(mBundle)) {
                // focus on the Info.plist (which we know exists) as the nominal "main executable" file
                mMainExecutableURL = infoURL;
                mExecRep = new FileDiskRep(this->mainExecutablePath().c_str());
                checkPlainFile(mExecRep->fd(), this->mainExecutablePath());
                if (packageVersion) {
                        mInstallerPackage = true;
                        mFormat = "installer package bundle";
                } else {
                        mFormat = "bundle";
                }
                return;
        }

        // we're getting desperate here. Perhaps an oldish-style installer package? Look for a *.dist file
        std::string distFile = findDistFile(this->resourcesRootPath());
        if (!distFile.empty()) {
                mMainExecutableURL.take(makeCFURL(distFile));
                mExecRep = new FileDiskRep(this->mainExecutablePath().c_str());
                checkPlainFile(mExecRep->fd(), this->mainExecutablePath());
                mInstallerPackage = true;
                mFormat = "installer package bundle";
                return;
        }
        
        // this bundle cannot be signed
        MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSBadBundleFormat);
}


//
// Return the full path to the one-and-only file named something.dist in a directory.
// Return empty string if none; throw an exception if multiple. Do not descend into subdirectories.
//
static std::string findDistFile(const std::string &directory)
{
        std::string found;
        char *paths[] = {(char *)directory.c_str(), NULL};
        FTS *fts = fts_open(paths, FTS_PHYSICAL | FTS_NOCHDIR | FTS_NOSTAT, NULL);
        bool root = true;
        while (FTSENT *ent = fts_read(fts)) {
                switch (ent->fts_info) {
                case FTS_F:
                case FTS_NSOK:
                        if (!strcmp(ent->fts_path + ent->fts_pathlen - 5, ".dist")) {   // found plain file foo.dist
                                if (found.empty())      // first found
                                        found = ent->fts_path;
                                else                            // multiple *.dist files (bad)
                                        MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSBadBundleFormat);
                        }
                        break;
                case FTS_D:
                        if (!root)
                                fts_set(fts, ent, FTS_SKIP);    // don't descend
                        root = false;
                        break;
                default:
                        break;
                }
        }
        fts_close(fts);
        return found;
}


//
// Try to create the meta-file directory in our bundle.
// Does nothing if the directory already exists.
// Throws if an error occurs.
//
void BundleDiskRep::createMeta()
{
        string meta = metaPath(NULL);
        if (!mMetaExists) {
                if (::mkdir(meta.c_str(), 0755) == 0) {
                        copyfile(cfStringRelease(copyCanonicalPath()).c_str(), meta.c_str(), NULL, COPYFILE_SECURITY);
                        mMetaPath = meta;
                        mMetaExists = true;
                } else if (errno != EEXIST)
                        UnixError::throwMe();
        }
}
        

//
// Create a path to a bundle signing resource, by name.
// This is in the BUNDLEDISKREP_DIRECTORY directory in the bundle's support directory.
//
string BundleDiskRep::metaPath(const char *name)
{
        if (mMetaPath.empty()) {
                string support = cfStringRelease(CFBundleCopySupportFilesDirectoryURL(mBundle));
                mMetaPath = support + "/" BUNDLEDISKREP_DIRECTORY;
                mMetaExists = ::access(mMetaPath.c_str(), F_OK) == 0;
        }
        if (name)
                return mMetaPath + "/" + name;
        else
                return mMetaPath;
}
        
CFDataRef BundleDiskRep::metaData(const char *name)
{
    if (CFRef<CFURLRef> url = makeCFURL(metaPath(name))) {
        return cfLoadFile(url);
    } else {
        secnotice("bundlediskrep", "no metapath for %s", name);
        return NULL;
    }
}

CFDataRef BundleDiskRep::metaData(CodeDirectory::SpecialSlot slot)
{
        if (const char *name = CodeDirectory::canonicalSlotName(slot))
                return metaData(name);
        else
                return NULL;
}


        
//
// Load's a CFURL and makes sure that it is a regular file and not a symlink (or fifo, etc.)
//
CFDataRef BundleDiskRep::loadRegularFile(CFURLRef url)
{
        assert(url);

        CFDataRef data = NULL;

        std::string path(cfString(url));

        AutoFileDesc fd(path);

        checkPlainFile(fd, path);

        data = cfLoadFile(fd, fd.fileSize());

        if (!data) {
                secinfo("bundlediskrep", "failed to load %s", cfString(url).c_str());
                MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSInvalidSymlink);
        }

        return data;
}

//
// Load and return a component, by slot number.
// Info.plist components come from the bundle, always (we don't look
// for Mach-O embedded versions).
// ResourceDirectory always comes from bundle files.
// Everything else comes from the embedded blobs of a Mach-O image, or from
// files located in the Contents directory of the bundle; but we must be consistent
// (no half-and-half situations).
//
CFDataRef BundleDiskRep::component(CodeDirectory::SpecialSlot slot)
{
        switch (slot) {
        // the Info.plist comes from the magic CFBundle-indicated place and ONLY from there
        case cdInfoSlot:
                if (CFRef<CFURLRef> info = _CFBundleCopyInfoPlistURL(mBundle))
                        return loadRegularFile(info);
                else
                        return NULL;
        case cdResourceDirSlot:
                mUsedComponents.insert(slot);
                return metaData(slot);
        // by default, we take components from the executable image or files (but not both)
        default:
                if (CFRef<CFDataRef> data = mExecRep->component(slot)) {
                        componentFromExec(true);
                        return data.yield();
                }
                if (CFRef<CFDataRef> data = metaData(slot)) {
                        componentFromExec(false);
                        mUsedComponents.insert(slot);
                        return data.yield();
                }
                return NULL;
        }
}

BundleDiskRep::RawComponentMap BundleDiskRep::createRawComponents()
{
        RawComponentMap map;

        /* Those are the slots known to BundleDiskReps.
         * Unlike e.g. MachOReps, we cannot handle unknown slots,
         * as we won't know their slot <-> filename mapping.
         */
        int const slots[] = {
                cdCodeDirectorySlot, cdSignatureSlot, cdResourceDirSlot,
                cdTopDirectorySlot, cdEntitlementSlot, cdEntitlementDERSlot,
                cdRepSpecificSlot};
        
        for (int slot = 0; slot < (int)(sizeof(slots)/sizeof(slots[0])); ++slot) {
                /* Here, we only handle metaData slots, i.e. slots that
                 * are explicit files in the _CodeSignature directory.
                 * Main executable slots (if the main executable is a
                 * EditableDiskRep) are handled when editing the
                 * main executable's rep explicitly.
                 * There is also an Info.plist slot, which is not a
                 * real part of the code signature.
                 */
                CFRef<CFDataRef> data = metaData(slot);
                
                if (data) {
                        map[slot] = data;
                }
        }
        
        for (CodeDirectory::Slot slot = cdAlternateCodeDirectorySlots; slot < cdAlternateCodeDirectoryLimit; ++slot) {
                CFRef<CFDataRef> data = metaData(slot);
                
                if (data) {
                        map[slot] = data;
                }
        }
        
        return map;
}

// Check that all components of this BundleDiskRep come from either the main
// executable or the _CodeSignature directory (not mix-and-match).
void BundleDiskRep::componentFromExec(bool fromExec)
{
        if (!mComponentsFromExecValid) {
                // first use; set latch
                mComponentsFromExecValid = true;
                mComponentsFromExec = fromExec;
        } else if (mComponentsFromExec != fromExec) {
                // subsequent use: check latch
                MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSSignatureFailed);
        }
}


//
// The binary identifier is taken directly from the main executable.
//
CFDataRef BundleDiskRep::identification()
{
        return mExecRep->identification();
}


//
// Various aspects of our DiskRep personality.
//
CFURLRef BundleDiskRep::copyCanonicalPath()
{
        if (CFURLRef url = CFBundleCopyBundleURL(mBundle))
                return url;
        CFError::throwMe();
}

string BundleDiskRep::mainExecutablePath()
{
        return cfString(mMainExecutableURL);
}

string BundleDiskRep::resourcesRootPath()
{
        return cfStringRelease(CFBundleCopySupportFilesDirectoryURL(mBundle));
}

void BundleDiskRep::adjustResources(ResourceBuilder &builder)
{
        // exclude entire contents of meta directory
        builder.addExclusion("^" BUNDLEDISKREP_DIRECTORY "$");
        builder.addExclusion("^" CODERESOURCES_LINK "$");       // ancient-ish symlink into it

        // exclude the store manifest directory
        builder.addExclusion("^" STORE_RECEIPT_DIRECTORY "$");
        
        // exclude the main executable file
        string resources = resourcesRootPath();
        if (resources.compare(resources.size() - 2, 2, "/.") == 0)      // chop trailing /.
                resources = resources.substr(0, resources.size()-2);
        string executable = mainExecutablePath();
        if (!executable.compare(0, resources.length(), resources, 0, resources.length())
                && executable[resources.length()] == '/')       // is proper directory prefix
                builder.addExclusion(string("^")
                        + ResourceBuilder::escapeRE(executable.substr(resources.length()+1)) + "$", ResourceBuilder::softTarget);
}



Universal *BundleDiskRep::mainExecutableImage()
{
        return mExecRep->mainExecutableImage();
}

void BundleDiskRep::prepareForSigning(SigningContext &context)
{
        return mExecRep->prepareForSigning(context);
}

size_t BundleDiskRep::signingBase()
{
        return mExecRep->signingBase();
}

size_t BundleDiskRep::signingLimit()
{
        return mExecRep->signingLimit();
}

size_t BundleDiskRep::execSegBase(const Architecture *arch)
{
        return mExecRep->execSegBase(arch);
}

size_t BundleDiskRep::execSegLimit(const Architecture *arch)
{
        return mExecRep->execSegLimit(arch);
}

string BundleDiskRep::format()
{
        return mFormat;
}

CFArrayRef BundleDiskRep::modifiedFiles()
{
    CFRef<CFArrayRef> execFiles = mExecRep->modifiedFiles();
    CFRef<CFMutableArrayRef> files = CFArrayCreateMutableCopy(NULL, 0, execFiles);
        checkModifiedFile(files, cdCodeDirectorySlot);
        checkModifiedFile(files, cdSignatureSlot);
        checkModifiedFile(files, cdResourceDirSlot);
        checkModifiedFile(files, cdTopDirectorySlot);
        checkModifiedFile(files, cdEntitlementSlot);
        checkModifiedFile(files, cdEntitlementDERSlot);
        checkModifiedFile(files, cdRepSpecificSlot);
        for (CodeDirectory::Slot slot = cdAlternateCodeDirectorySlots; slot < cdAlternateCodeDirectoryLimit; ++slot)
                checkModifiedFile(files, slot);
        return files.yield();
}

void BundleDiskRep::checkModifiedFile(CFMutableArrayRef files, CodeDirectory::SpecialSlot slot)
{
        if (CFDataRef data = mExecRep->component(slot)) // provided by executable file
                CFRelease(data);
        else if (const char *resourceName = CodeDirectory::canonicalSlotName(slot)) {
                string file = metaPath(resourceName);
                if (::access(file.c_str(), F_OK) == 0)
                        CFArrayAppendValue(files, CFTempURL(file));
        }
}

FileDesc &BundleDiskRep::fd()
{
        return mExecRep->fd();
}

void BundleDiskRep::flush()
{
        mExecRep->flush();
}

CFDictionaryRef BundleDiskRep::diskRepInformation()
{
    return mExecRep->diskRepInformation();
}

//
// Defaults for signing operations
//
string BundleDiskRep::recommendedIdentifier(const SigningContext &)
{
        if (CFStringRef identifier = CFBundleGetIdentifier(mBundle))
                return cfString(identifier);
        if (CFDictionaryRef infoDict = CFBundleGetInfoDictionary(mBundle))
                if (CFStringRef identifier = CFStringRef(CFDictionaryGetValue(infoDict, kCFBundleNameKey)))
                        return cfString(identifier);
        
        // fall back to using the canonical path
        return canonicalIdentifier(cfStringRelease(this->copyCanonicalPath()));
}

string BundleDiskRep::resourcesRelativePath()
{
        // figure out the resource directory base. Clean up some gunk inserted by CFBundle in frameworks
        string rbase = this->resourcesRootPath();
        size_t pos = rbase.find("/./"); // gratuitously inserted by CFBundle in some frameworks
        while (pos != std::string::npos) {
                rbase = rbase.replace(pos, 2, "", 0);
                pos = rbase.find("/./");
        }
        if (rbase.substr(rbase.length()-2, 2) == "/.")  // produced by versioned bundle implicit "Current" case
                rbase = rbase.substr(0, rbase.length()-2);      // ... so take it off for this
        
        // find the resources directory relative to the resource base
        string resources = cfStringRelease(CFBundleCopyResourcesDirectoryURL(mBundle));
        if (resources == rbase)
                resources = "";
        else if (resources.compare(0, rbase.length(), rbase, 0, rbase.length()) != 0)   // Resources not in resource root
                MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSBadBundleFormat);
        else
                resources = resources.substr(rbase.length() + 1) + "/"; // differential path segment

        return resources;
}

CFDictionaryRef BundleDiskRep::defaultResourceRules(const SigningContext &ctx)
{
        string resources = this->resourcesRelativePath();

        // installer package rules
        if (mInstallerPackage)
                return cfmake<CFDictionaryRef>("{rules={"
                        "'^.*' = #T"                                                    // include everything, but...
                        "%s = {optional=#T, weight=1000}"               // make localizations optional
                        "'^.*/.*\\.pkg/' = {omit=#T, weight=10000}" // and exclude all nested packages (by name)
                        "}}",
                        (string("^") + resources + ".*\\.lproj/").c_str()
                );
        
        // old (V1) executable bundle rules - compatible with before
        if (ctx.signingFlags() & kSecCSSignV1)                          // *** must be exactly the same as before ***
                return cfmake<CFDictionaryRef>("{rules={"
                        "'^version.plist$' = #T"                    // include version.plist
                        "%s = #T"                                   // include Resources
                        "%s = {optional=#T, weight=1000}"           // make localizations optional
                        "%s = {omit=#T, weight=1100}"               // exclude all locversion.plist files
                        "}}",
                        (string("^") + resources).c_str(),
                        (string("^") + resources + ".*\\.lproj/").c_str(),
                        (string("^") + resources + ".*\\.lproj/locversion.plist$").c_str()
                );
        
        // FMJ (everything is a resource) rules
        if (ctx.signingFlags() & kSecCSSignOpaque)                      // Full Metal Jacket - everything is a resource file
                return cfmake<CFDictionaryRef>("{rules={"
                        "'^.*' = #T"                                                            // everything is a resource
                        "'^Info\\.plist$' = {omit=#T,weight=10}"        // explicitly exclude this for backward compatibility
                "}}");

    // new (V2) executable bundle rules
    if (!resources.empty()) {
        return cfmake<CFDictionaryRef>("{"                    // *** the new (V2) world ***
            "rules={"                                        // old (V1; legacy) version
                "'^version.plist$' = #T"                    // include version.plist
                "%s = #T"                                    // include Resources
                "%s = {optional=#T, weight=1000}"            // make localizations optional
                "%s = {weight=1010}"                                            // ... except for Base.lproj which really isn't optional at all
                "%s = {omit=#T, weight=1100}"                // exclude all locversion.plist files
            "},rules2={"
                "'^.*' = #T"                                // include everything as a resource, with the following exceptions
                "'^[^/]+$' = {nested=#T, weight=10}"        // files directly in Contents
                "'^(Frameworks|SharedFrameworks|PlugIns|Plug-ins|XPCServices|Helpers|MacOS|Library/(Automator|Spotlight|LoginItems))/' = {nested=#T, weight=10}" // dynamic repositories
                "'.*\\.dSYM($|/)' = {weight=11}"            // but allow dSYM directories in code locations (parallel to their code)
                "'^(.*/)?\\.DS_Store$' = {omit=#T,weight=2000}"    // ignore .DS_Store files
                "'^Info\\.plist$' = {omit=#T, weight=20}"    // excluded automatically now, but old systems need to be told
                "'^version\\.plist$' = {weight=20}"            // include version.plist as resource
                "'^embedded\\.provisionprofile$' = {weight=20}"    // include embedded.provisionprofile as resource
                "'^PkgInfo$' = {omit=#T, weight=20}"        // traditionally not included
                "%s = {weight=20}"                            // Resources override default nested (widgets)
                "%s = {optional=#T, weight=1000}"            // make localizations optional
                "%s = {weight=1010}"                                            // ... except for Base.lproj which really isn't optional at all
                "%s = {omit=#T, weight=1100}"                // exclude all locversion.plist files
            "}}",

            (string("^") + resources).c_str(),
            (string("^") + resources + ".*\\.lproj/").c_str(),
            (string("^") + resources + "Base\\.lproj/").c_str(),
            (string("^") + resources + ".*\\.lproj/locversion.plist$").c_str(),

            (string("^") + resources).c_str(),
            (string("^") + resources + ".*\\.lproj/").c_str(),
            (string("^") + resources + "Base\\.lproj/").c_str(),
            (string("^") + resources + ".*\\.lproj/locversion.plist$").c_str()
        );
    } else {
        /* This is a bundle format without a Resources directory, which means we need to omit
         * Resources-directory specific rules that would create conflicts. */

        /* We also declare that flat bundles do not use any nested code rules.
         * Embedded, where flat bundles are used, currently does not support them,
         * and we have no plans for allowing the replacement of nested code there.
         * Should anyone actually intend to use nested code rules in a flat
         * bundle, they are free to create their own rules. */
        
         return cfmake<CFDictionaryRef>("{"                    // *** the new (V2) world ***
            "rules={"                                        // old (V1; legacy) version
                "'^version.plist$' = #T"                    // include version.plist
                "'^.*' = #T"                                    // include Resources
                "'^.*\\.lproj/' = {optional=#T, weight=1000}"            // make localizations optional
                "'^Base\\.lproj/' = {weight=1010}"                                              // ... except for Base.lproj which really isn't optional at all
                "'^.*\\.lproj/locversion.plist$' = {omit=#T, weight=1100}"  // exclude all locversion.plist files
            "},rules2={"
                "'^.*' = #T"                                // include everything as a resource, with the following exceptions
                "'.*\\.dSYM($|/)' = {weight=11}"            // but allow dSYM directories in code locations (parallel to their code)
                "'^(.*/)?\\.DS_Store$' = {omit=#T,weight=2000}"    // ignore .DS_Store files
                "'^Info\\.plist$' = {omit=#T, weight=20}"    // excluded automatically now, but old systems need to be told
                "'^version\\.plist$' = {weight=20}"            // include version.plist as resource
                "'^embedded\\.provisionprofile$' = {weight=20}"    // include embedded.provisionprofile as resource
                "'^PkgInfo$' = {omit=#T, weight=20}"        // traditionally not included
                "'^.*\\.lproj/' = {optional=#T, weight=1000}"            // make localizations optional
                "'^Base\\.lproj/' = {weight=1010}"                                              // ... except for Base.lproj which really isn't optional at all
                "'^.*\\.lproj/locversion.plist$' = {omit=#T, weight=1100}"                // exclude all locversion.plist files
            "}}"
        );
   }
}


CFArrayRef BundleDiskRep::allowedResourceOmissions()
{
        return cfmake<CFArrayRef>("["
                "'^(.*/)?\\.DS_Store$'"
                "'^Info\\.plist$'"
                "'^PkgInfo$'"
                "%s"
                "]",
                (string("^") + this->resourcesRelativePath() + ".*\\.lproj/locversion.plist$").c_str()
        );
}


const Requirements *BundleDiskRep::defaultRequirements(const Architecture *arch, const SigningContext &ctx)
{
        return mExecRep->defaultRequirements(arch, ctx);
}

size_t BundleDiskRep::pageSize(const SigningContext &ctx)
{
        return mExecRep->pageSize(ctx);
}


//
// Strict validation.
// Takes an array of CFNumbers of errors to tolerate.
//
void BundleDiskRep::strictValidate(const CodeDirectory* cd, const ToleratedErrors& tolerated, SecCSFlags flags)
{
        strictValidateStructure(cd, tolerated, flags);
        
        // now strict-check the main executable (which won't be an app-like object)
        mExecRep->strictValidate(cd, tolerated, flags & ~kSecCSRestrictToAppLike);
}

void BundleDiskRep::strictValidateStructure(const CodeDirectory* cd, const ToleratedErrors& tolerated, SecCSFlags flags)
{
        // scan our metadirectory (_CodeSignature) for unwanted guests
        if (!(flags & kSecCSQuickCheck))
                validateMetaDirectory(cd);
        
        // check accumulated strict errors and report them
        if (!(flags & kSecCSRestrictSidebandData))      // tolerate resource forks etc.
                mStrictErrors.erase(errSecCSInvalidAssociatedFileData);
        
        std::vector<OSStatus> fatalErrors;
        set_difference(mStrictErrors.begin(), mStrictErrors.end(), tolerated.begin(), tolerated.end(), back_inserter(fatalErrors));
        if (!fatalErrors.empty())
                MacOSError::throwMe(fatalErrors[0]);
        
        // if app focus is requested and this doesn't look like an app, fail - but allow whitelist overrides
        if (flags & kSecCSRestrictToAppLike)
                if (!mAppLike)
                        if (tolerated.find(kSecCSRestrictToAppLike) == tolerated.end())
                                MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSNotAppLike);
}

void BundleDiskRep::recordStrictError(OSStatus error)
{
        mStrictErrors.insert(error);
}


void BundleDiskRep::validateMetaDirectory(const CodeDirectory* cd)
{
        // we know the resource directory will be checked after this call, so we'll give it a pass here
        if (cd->slotIsPresent(-cdResourceDirSlot))
                mUsedComponents.insert(cdResourceDirSlot);
        
        // make a set of allowed (regular) filenames in this directory
        std::set<std::string> allowedFiles;
        for (auto it = mUsedComponents.begin(); it != mUsedComponents.end(); ++it) {
                switch (*it) {
                case cdInfoSlot:
                        break;          // always from Info.plist, not from here
                default:
                        if (const char *name = CodeDirectory::canonicalSlotName(*it)) {
                                allowedFiles.insert(name);
                        }
                        break;
                }
        }
        DirScanner scan(mMetaPath);
        if (scan.initialized()) {
                while (struct dirent* ent = scan.getNext()) {
                        if (!scan.isRegularFile(ent))
                                MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSUnsealedAppRoot);   // only regular files allowed
                        if (allowedFiles.find(ent->d_name) == allowedFiles.end()) {     // not in expected set of files
                                if (strcmp(ent->d_name, kSecCS_SIGNATUREFILE) == 0) {
                                        // special case - might be empty and unused (adhoc signature)
                                        AutoFileDesc fd(metaPath(kSecCS_SIGNATUREFILE));
                                        if (fd.fileSize() == 0)
                                                continue;       // that's okay, then
                                }
                                // not on list of needed files; it's a freeloading rogue!
                                recordStrictError(errSecCSUnsealedAppRoot);     // funnel through strict set so GKOpaque can override it
                        }
                }
        }
}


//
// Check framework root for unsafe symlinks and unsealed content.
//
void BundleDiskRep::validateFrameworkRoot(string root)
{
        // build regex element that matches either the "Current" symlink, or the name of the current version
        string current = "Current";
        char currentVersion[PATH_MAX];
        ssize_t len = ::readlink((root + "/Versions/Current").c_str(), currentVersion, sizeof(currentVersion)-1);
        if (len > 0) {
                currentVersion[len] = '\0';
                current = string("(Current|") + ResourceBuilder::escapeRE(currentVersion) + ")";
        }

        DirValidator val;
        val.require("^Versions$", DirValidator::directory | DirValidator::descend);     // descend into Versions directory
        val.require("^Versions/[^/]+$", DirValidator::directory);                                       // require at least one version
        val.require("^Versions/Current$", DirValidator::symlink,                                        // require Current symlink...
                "^(\\./)?(\\.\\.[^/]+|\\.?[^\\./][^/]*)$");                                                             // ...must point to a version
        val.allow("^(Versions/)?\\.DS_Store$", DirValidator::file | DirValidator::noexec); // allow .DS_Store files
        val.allow("^[^/]+$", DirValidator::symlink, ^ string (const string &name, const string &target) {
                // top-level symlinks must point to namesake in current version
                return string("^(\\./)?Versions/") + current + "/" + ResourceBuilder::escapeRE(name) + "$";
        });
        // module.map must be regular non-executable file, or symlink to module.map in current version
        val.allow("^module\\.map$", DirValidator::file | DirValidator::noexec | DirValidator::symlink,
                string("^(\\./)?Versions/") + current + "/module\\.map$");

        try {
                val.validate(root, errSecCSUnsealedFrameworkRoot);
        } catch (const MacOSError &err) {
                recordStrictError(err.error);
        }
}

        
//
// Check a file descriptor for harmlessness. This is a strict check (only).
//
void BundleDiskRep::checkPlainFile(FileDesc fd, const std::string& path)
{
        if (!fd.isPlainFile(path))
                recordStrictError(errSecCSRegularFile);
        checkForks(fd);
}
        
void BundleDiskRep::checkForks(FileDesc fd)
{
        if (fd.hasExtendedAttribute(XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME) || fd.hasExtendedAttribute(XATTR_FINDERINFO_NAME))
                recordStrictError(errSecCSInvalidAssociatedFileData);
}


//
// Writers
//
DiskRep::Writer *BundleDiskRep::writer()
{
        return new Writer(this);
}

BundleDiskRep::Writer::Writer(BundleDiskRep *r)
        : rep(r), mMadeMetaDirectory(false)
{
        execWriter = rep->mExecRep->writer();
}


//
// Write a component.
// Note that this isn't concerned with Mach-O writing; this is handled at
// a much higher level. If we're called, we write to a file in the Bundle's meta directory.
//
void BundleDiskRep::Writer::component(CodeDirectory::SpecialSlot slot, CFDataRef data)
{
        switch (slot) {
        default:
                if (!execWriter->attribute(writerLastResort))   // willing to take the data...
                        return execWriter->component(slot, data);       // ... so hand it through
                // execWriter doesn't want the data; store it as a resource file (below)
        case cdResourceDirSlot:
                // the resource directory always goes into a bundle file
                if (const char *name = CodeDirectory::canonicalSlotName(slot)) {
                        rep->createMeta();
                        string path = rep->metaPath(name);

#if TARGET_OS_OSX
                        // determine AFSC status if we are told to preserve compression
                        bool conductCompression = false;
                        cmpInfo cInfo;
                        if (this->getPreserveAFSC()) {
                                struct stat statBuffer;
                                if (stat(path.c_str(), &statBuffer) == 0) {
                                        if (queryCompressionInfo(path.c_str(), &cInfo) == 0) {
                                                if (cInfo.compressionType != 0 && cInfo.compressedSize > 0) {
                                                        conductCompression = true;
                                                }
                                        }
                                }
                        }
#endif

                        AutoFileDesc fd(path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
                        fd.writeAll(CFDataGetBytePtr(data), CFDataGetLength(data));
                        fd.close();

#if TARGET_OS_OSX
                        // if the original file was compressed, compress the new file after move
                        if (conductCompression) {
                                CFMutableDictionaryRef options = CFDictionaryCreateMutable(NULL, 0, &kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks, &kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks);
                                CFStringRef val = CFStringCreateWithFormat(kCFAllocatorDefault, NULL, CFSTR("%d"), cInfo.compressionType);
                                CFDictionarySetValue(options, kAFSCCompressionTypes, val);
                                CFRelease(val);

                                CompressionQueueContext compressionQueue = CreateCompressionQueue(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, options);

                                if (!CompressFile(compressionQueue, path.c_str(), NULL)) {
                                        secinfo("bundlediskrep", "%p Failed to queue compression of file %s", this, path.c_str());
                                        MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSInternalError);
                                }

                                FinishCompressionAndCleanUp(compressionQueue);
                                compressionQueue = NULL;
                                CFRelease(options);
                        }
#endif

                        mWrittenFiles.insert(name);
                } else
                        MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSBadBundleFormat);
        }
}


//
// Remove all signature data
//
void BundleDiskRep::Writer::remove()
{
        // remove signature from the executable
        execWriter->remove();
        
        // remove signature files from bundle
        for (CodeDirectory::SpecialSlot slot = 0; slot < cdSlotCount; slot++)
                remove(slot);
        remove(cdSignatureSlot);
}

void BundleDiskRep::Writer::remove(CodeDirectory::SpecialSlot slot)
{
        if (const char *name = CodeDirectory::canonicalSlotName(slot))
                if (::unlink(rep->metaPath(name).c_str()))
                        switch (errno) {
                        case ENOENT:            // not found - that's okay
                                break;
                        default:
                                UnixError::throwMe();
                        }
}


void BundleDiskRep::Writer::flush()
{
        execWriter->flush();
        purgeMetaDirectory();
}

// purge _CodeSignature of all left-over files from any previous signature
void BundleDiskRep::Writer::purgeMetaDirectory()
{
        DirScanner scan(rep->mMetaPath);
        if (scan.initialized()) {
                while (struct dirent* ent = scan.getNext()) {
                        if (!scan.isRegularFile(ent))
                                MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSUnsealedAppRoot);   // only regular files allowed
                        if (mWrittenFiles.find(ent->d_name) == mWrittenFiles.end()) {   // we didn't write this!
                                scan.unlink(ent, 0);
                        }
                }
        }
        
}

void BundleDiskRep::registerStapledTicket()
{
        string root = cfStringRelease(copyCanonicalPath());
        registerStapledTicketInBundle(root);
}

} // end namespace CodeSigning
} // end namespace Security