network_cmds-596.100.2.tar.gz

[apple/network_cmds.git] / unbound / services / outside_network.c

/*
 * services/outside_network.c - implement sending of queries and wait answer.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2007, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved.
 *
 * This software is open source.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 
 * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 
 * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 
 * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may
 * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 * specific prior written permission.
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/**
 * \file
 *
 * This file has functions to send queries to authoritative servers and
 * wait for the pending answer events.
 */
#include "config.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
#  include <sys/types.h>
#endif
#include <sys/time.h>
#include "services/outside_network.h"
#include "services/listen_dnsport.h"
#include "services/cache/infra.h"
#include "util/data/msgparse.h"
#include "util/data/msgreply.h"
#include "util/data/msgencode.h"
#include "util/data/dname.h"
#include "util/netevent.h"
#include "util/log.h"
#include "util/net_help.h"
#include "util/random.h"
#include "util/fptr_wlist.h"
#include "ldns/sbuffer.h"
#include "dnstap/dnstap.h"
#ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL_SSL_H
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_NETDB_H
#include <netdb.h>
#endif
#include <fcntl.h>

/** number of times to retry making a random ID that is unique. */
#define MAX_ID_RETRY 1000
/** number of times to retry finding interface, port that can be opened. */
#define MAX_PORT_RETRY 10000
/** number of retries on outgoing UDP queries */
#define OUTBOUND_UDP_RETRY 1

/** initiate TCP transaction for serviced query */
static void serviced_tcp_initiate(struct serviced_query* sq, sldns_buffer* buff);
/** with a fd available, randomize and send UDP */
static int randomize_and_send_udp(struct pending* pend, sldns_buffer* packet,
        int timeout);

/** remove waiting tcp from the outnet waiting list */
static void waiting_list_remove(struct outside_network* outnet,
        struct waiting_tcp* w);

int 
pending_cmp(const void* key1, const void* key2)
{
        struct pending *p1 = (struct pending*)key1;
        struct pending *p2 = (struct pending*)key2;
        if(p1->id < p2->id)
                return -1;
        if(p1->id > p2->id)
                return 1;
        log_assert(p1->id == p2->id);
        return sockaddr_cmp(&p1->addr, p1->addrlen, &p2->addr, p2->addrlen);
}

int 
serviced_cmp(const void* key1, const void* key2)
{
        struct serviced_query* q1 = (struct serviced_query*)key1;
        struct serviced_query* q2 = (struct serviced_query*)key2;
        int r;
        if(q1->qbuflen < q2->qbuflen)
                return -1;
        if(q1->qbuflen > q2->qbuflen)
                return 1;
        log_assert(q1->qbuflen == q2->qbuflen);
        log_assert(q1->qbuflen >= 15 /* 10 header, root, type, class */);
        /* alternate casing of qname is still the same query */
        if((r = memcmp(q1->qbuf, q2->qbuf, 10)) != 0)
                return r;
        if((r = memcmp(q1->qbuf+q1->qbuflen-4, q2->qbuf+q2->qbuflen-4, 4)) != 0)
                return r;
        if(q1->dnssec != q2->dnssec) {
                if(q1->dnssec < q2->dnssec)
                        return -1;
                return 1;
        }
        if((r = query_dname_compare(q1->qbuf+10, q2->qbuf+10)) != 0)
                return r;
        return sockaddr_cmp(&q1->addr, q1->addrlen, &q2->addr, q2->addrlen);
}

/** delete waiting_tcp entry. Does not unlink from waiting list. 
 * @param w: to delete.
 */
static void
waiting_tcp_delete(struct waiting_tcp* w)
{
        if(!w) return;
        if(w->timer)
                comm_timer_delete(w->timer);
        free(w);
}

/** 
 * Pick random outgoing-interface of that family, and bind it.
 * port set to 0 so OS picks a port number for us.
 * if it is the ANY address, do not bind.
 * @param w: tcp structure with destination address.
 * @param s: socket fd.
 * @return false on error, socket closed.
 */
static int
pick_outgoing_tcp(struct waiting_tcp* w, int s)
{
        struct port_if* pi = NULL;
        int num;
#ifdef INET6
        if(addr_is_ip6(&w->addr, w->addrlen))
                num = w->outnet->num_ip6;
        else
#endif
                num = w->outnet->num_ip4;
        if(num == 0) {
                log_err("no TCP outgoing interfaces of family");
                log_addr(VERB_OPS, "for addr", &w->addr, w->addrlen);
#ifndef USE_WINSOCK
                close(s);
#else
                closesocket(s);
#endif
                return 0;
        }
#ifdef INET6
        if(addr_is_ip6(&w->addr, w->addrlen))
                pi = &w->outnet->ip6_ifs[ub_random_max(w->outnet->rnd, num)];
        else
#endif
                pi = &w->outnet->ip4_ifs[ub_random_max(w->outnet->rnd, num)];
        log_assert(pi);
        if(addr_is_any(&pi->addr, pi->addrlen)) {
                /* binding to the ANY interface is for listening sockets */
                return 1;
        }
        /* set port to 0 */
        if(addr_is_ip6(&pi->addr, pi->addrlen))
                ((struct sockaddr_in6*)&pi->addr)->sin6_port = 0;
        else    ((struct sockaddr_in*)&pi->addr)->sin_port = 0;
        if(bind(s, (struct sockaddr*)&pi->addr, pi->addrlen) != 0) {
#ifndef USE_WINSOCK
                log_err("outgoing tcp: bind: %s", strerror(errno));
                close(s);
#else
                log_err("outgoing tcp: bind: %s", 
                        wsa_strerror(WSAGetLastError()));
                closesocket(s);
#endif
                return 0;
        }
        log_addr(VERB_ALGO, "tcp bound to src", &pi->addr, pi->addrlen);
        return 1;
}

/** use next free buffer to service a tcp query */
static int
outnet_tcp_take_into_use(struct waiting_tcp* w, uint8_t* pkt, size_t pkt_len)
{
        struct pending_tcp* pend = w->outnet->tcp_free;
        int s;
        log_assert(pend);
        log_assert(pkt);
        log_assert(w->addrlen > 0);
        /* open socket */
#ifdef INET6
        if(addr_is_ip6(&w->addr, w->addrlen))
                s = socket(PF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
        else
#endif
                s = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
        if(s == -1) {
#ifndef USE_WINSOCK
                log_err_addr("outgoing tcp: socket", strerror(errno),
                        &w->addr, w->addrlen);
#else
                log_err_addr("outgoing tcp: socket", 
                        wsa_strerror(WSAGetLastError()), &w->addr, w->addrlen);
#endif
                return 0;
        }
        if(!pick_outgoing_tcp(w, s))
                return 0;

        fd_set_nonblock(s);
        if(connect(s, (struct sockaddr*)&w->addr, w->addrlen) == -1) {
#ifndef USE_WINSOCK
#ifdef EINPROGRESS
                if(errno != EINPROGRESS) {
#else
                if(1) {
#endif
                        if(tcp_connect_errno_needs_log(
                                (struct sockaddr*)&w->addr, w->addrlen))
                                log_err_addr("outgoing tcp: connect",
                                        strerror(errno), &w->addr, w->addrlen);
                        close(s);
#else /* USE_WINSOCK */
                if(WSAGetLastError() != WSAEINPROGRESS &&
                        WSAGetLastError() != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
                        closesocket(s);
#endif
                        return 0;
                }
        }
        if(w->outnet->sslctx && w->ssl_upstream) {
                pend->c->ssl = outgoing_ssl_fd(w->outnet->sslctx, s);
                if(!pend->c->ssl) {
                        pend->c->fd = s;
                        comm_point_close(pend->c);
                        return 0;
                }
#ifdef USE_WINSOCK
                comm_point_tcp_win_bio_cb(pend->c, pend->c->ssl);
#endif
                pend->c->ssl_shake_state = comm_ssl_shake_write;
        }
        w->pkt = NULL;
        w->next_waiting = (void*)pend;
        pend->id = LDNS_ID_WIRE(pkt);
        w->outnet->num_tcp_outgoing++;
        w->outnet->tcp_free = pend->next_free;
        pend->next_free = NULL;
        pend->query = w;
        pend->c->repinfo.addrlen = w->addrlen;
        memcpy(&pend->c->repinfo.addr, &w->addr, w->addrlen);
        sldns_buffer_clear(pend->c->buffer);
        sldns_buffer_write(pend->c->buffer, pkt, pkt_len);
        sldns_buffer_flip(pend->c->buffer);
        pend->c->tcp_is_reading = 0;
        pend->c->tcp_byte_count = 0;
        comm_point_start_listening(pend->c, s, -1);
        return 1;
}

/** see if buffers can be used to service TCP queries */
static void
use_free_buffer(struct outside_network* outnet)
{
        struct waiting_tcp* w;
        while(outnet->tcp_free && outnet->tcp_wait_first 
                && !outnet->want_to_quit) {
                w = outnet->tcp_wait_first;
                outnet->tcp_wait_first = w->next_waiting;
                if(outnet->tcp_wait_last == w)
                        outnet->tcp_wait_last = NULL;
                if(!outnet_tcp_take_into_use(w, w->pkt, w->pkt_len)) {
                        comm_point_callback_t* cb = w->cb;
                        void* cb_arg = w->cb_arg;
                        waiting_tcp_delete(w);
                        fptr_ok(fptr_whitelist_pending_tcp(cb));
                        (void)(*cb)(NULL, cb_arg, NETEVENT_CLOSED, NULL);
                }
        }
}

/** decomission a tcp buffer, closes commpoint and frees waiting_tcp entry */
static void
decomission_pending_tcp(struct outside_network* outnet, 
        struct pending_tcp* pend)
{
        if(pend->c->ssl) {
#ifdef HAVE_SSL
                SSL_shutdown(pend->c->ssl);
                SSL_free(pend->c->ssl);
                pend->c->ssl = NULL;
#endif
        }
        comm_point_close(pend->c);
        pend->next_free = outnet->tcp_free;
        outnet->tcp_free = pend;
        waiting_tcp_delete(pend->query);
        pend->query = NULL;
        use_free_buffer(outnet);
}

int 
outnet_tcp_cb(struct comm_point* c, void* arg, int error,
        struct comm_reply *reply_info)
{
        struct pending_tcp* pend = (struct pending_tcp*)arg;
        struct outside_network* outnet = pend->query->outnet;
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "outnettcp cb");
        if(error != NETEVENT_NOERROR) {
                verbose(VERB_QUERY, "outnettcp got tcp error %d", error);
                /* pass error below and exit */
        } else {
                /* check ID */
                if(sldns_buffer_limit(c->buffer) < sizeof(uint16_t) ||
                        LDNS_ID_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer))!=pend->id) {
                        log_addr(VERB_QUERY, 
                                "outnettcp: bad ID in reply, from:",
                                &pend->query->addr, pend->query->addrlen);
                        error = NETEVENT_CLOSED;
                }
        }
        fptr_ok(fptr_whitelist_pending_tcp(pend->query->cb));
        (void)(*pend->query->cb)(c, pend->query->cb_arg, error, reply_info);
        decomission_pending_tcp(outnet, pend);
        return 0;
}

/** lower use count on pc, see if it can be closed */
static void
portcomm_loweruse(struct outside_network* outnet, struct port_comm* pc)
{
        struct port_if* pif;
        pc->num_outstanding--;
        if(pc->num_outstanding > 0) {
                return;
        }
        /* close it and replace in unused list */
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "close of port %d", pc->number);
        comm_point_close(pc->cp);
        pif = pc->pif;
        log_assert(pif->inuse > 0);
        pif->avail_ports[pif->avail_total - pif->inuse] = pc->number;
        pif->inuse--;
        pif->out[pc->index] = pif->out[pif->inuse];
        pif->out[pc->index]->index = pc->index;
        pc->next = outnet->unused_fds;
        outnet->unused_fds = pc;
}

/** try to send waiting UDP queries */
static void
outnet_send_wait_udp(struct outside_network* outnet)
{
        struct pending* pend;
        /* process waiting queries */
        while(outnet->udp_wait_first && outnet->unused_fds 
                && !outnet->want_to_quit) {
                pend = outnet->udp_wait_first;
                outnet->udp_wait_first = pend->next_waiting;
                if(!pend->next_waiting) outnet->udp_wait_last = NULL;
                sldns_buffer_clear(outnet->udp_buff);
                sldns_buffer_write(outnet->udp_buff, pend->pkt, pend->pkt_len);
                sldns_buffer_flip(outnet->udp_buff);
                free(pend->pkt); /* freeing now makes get_mem correct */
                pend->pkt = NULL; 
                pend->pkt_len = 0;
                if(!randomize_and_send_udp(pend, outnet->udp_buff,
                        pend->timeout)) {
                        /* callback error on pending */
                        if(pend->cb) {
                                fptr_ok(fptr_whitelist_pending_udp(pend->cb));
                                (void)(*pend->cb)(outnet->unused_fds->cp, pend->cb_arg, 
                                        NETEVENT_CLOSED, NULL);
                        }
                        pending_delete(outnet, pend);
                }
        }
}

int 
outnet_udp_cb(struct comm_point* c, void* arg, int error,
        struct comm_reply *reply_info)
{
        struct outside_network* outnet = (struct outside_network*)arg;
        struct pending key;
        struct pending* p;
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "answer cb");

        if(error != NETEVENT_NOERROR) {
                verbose(VERB_QUERY, "outnetudp got udp error %d", error);
                return 0;
        }
        if(sldns_buffer_limit(c->buffer) < LDNS_HEADER_SIZE) {
                verbose(VERB_QUERY, "outnetudp udp too short");
                return 0;
        }
        log_assert(reply_info);

        /* setup lookup key */
        key.id = (unsigned)LDNS_ID_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer));
        memcpy(&key.addr, &reply_info->addr, reply_info->addrlen);
        key.addrlen = reply_info->addrlen;
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "Incoming reply id = %4.4x", key.id);
        log_addr(VERB_ALGO, "Incoming reply addr =", 
                &reply_info->addr, reply_info->addrlen);

        /* find it, see if this thing is a valid query response */
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "lookup size is %d entries", (int)outnet->pending->count);
        p = (struct pending*)rbtree_search(outnet->pending, &key);
        if(!p) {
                verbose(VERB_QUERY, "received unwanted or unsolicited udp reply dropped.");
                log_buf(VERB_ALGO, "dropped message", c->buffer);
                outnet->unwanted_replies++;
                if(outnet->unwanted_threshold && ++outnet->unwanted_total 
                        >= outnet->unwanted_threshold) {
                        log_warn("unwanted reply total reached threshold (%u)"
                                " you may be under attack."
                                " defensive action: clearing the cache",
                                (unsigned)outnet->unwanted_threshold);
                        fptr_ok(fptr_whitelist_alloc_cleanup(
                                outnet->unwanted_action));
                        (*outnet->unwanted_action)(outnet->unwanted_param);
                        outnet->unwanted_total = 0;
                }
                return 0;
        }

        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "received udp reply.");
        log_buf(VERB_ALGO, "udp message", c->buffer);
        if(p->pc->cp != c) {
                verbose(VERB_QUERY, "received reply id,addr on wrong port. "
                        "dropped.");
                outnet->unwanted_replies++;
                if(outnet->unwanted_threshold && ++outnet->unwanted_total 
                        >= outnet->unwanted_threshold) {
                        log_warn("unwanted reply total reached threshold (%u)"
                                " you may be under attack."
                                " defensive action: clearing the cache",
                                (unsigned)outnet->unwanted_threshold);
                        fptr_ok(fptr_whitelist_alloc_cleanup(
                                outnet->unwanted_action));
                        (*outnet->unwanted_action)(outnet->unwanted_param);
                        outnet->unwanted_total = 0;
                }
                return 0;
        }
        comm_timer_disable(p->timer);
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "outnet handle udp reply");
        /* delete from tree first in case callback creates a retry */
        (void)rbtree_delete(outnet->pending, p->node.key);
        if(p->cb) {
                fptr_ok(fptr_whitelist_pending_udp(p->cb));
                (void)(*p->cb)(p->pc->cp, p->cb_arg, NETEVENT_NOERROR, reply_info);
        }
        portcomm_loweruse(outnet, p->pc);
        pending_delete(NULL, p);
        outnet_send_wait_udp(outnet);
        return 0;
}

/** calculate number of ip4 and ip6 interfaces*/
static void 
calc_num46(char** ifs, int num_ifs, int do_ip4, int do_ip6, 
        int* num_ip4, int* num_ip6)
{
        int i;
        *num_ip4 = 0;
        *num_ip6 = 0;
        if(num_ifs <= 0) {
                if(do_ip4)
                        *num_ip4 = 1;
                if(do_ip6)
                        *num_ip6 = 1;
                return;
        }
        for(i=0; i<num_ifs; i++)
        {
                if(str_is_ip6(ifs[i])) {
                        if(do_ip6)
                                (*num_ip6)++;
                } else {
                        if(do_ip4)
                                (*num_ip4)++;
                }
        }

}

void
pending_udp_timer_delay_cb(void* arg)
{
        struct pending* p = (struct pending*)arg;
        struct outside_network* outnet = p->outnet;
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "timeout udp with delay");
        portcomm_loweruse(outnet, p->pc);
        pending_delete(outnet, p);
        outnet_send_wait_udp(outnet);
}

void 
pending_udp_timer_cb(void *arg)
{
        struct pending* p = (struct pending*)arg;
        struct outside_network* outnet = p->outnet;
        /* it timed out */
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "timeout udp");
        if(p->cb) {
                fptr_ok(fptr_whitelist_pending_udp(p->cb));
                (void)(*p->cb)(p->pc->cp, p->cb_arg, NETEVENT_TIMEOUT, NULL);
        }
        /* if delayclose, keep port open for a longer time.
         * But if the udpwaitlist exists, then we are struggling to
         * keep up with demand for sockets, so do not wait, but service
         * the customer (customer service more important than portICMPs) */
        if(outnet->delayclose && !outnet->udp_wait_first) {
                p->cb = NULL;
                p->timer->callback = &pending_udp_timer_delay_cb;
                comm_timer_set(p->timer, &outnet->delay_tv);
                return;
        }
        portcomm_loweruse(outnet, p->pc);
        pending_delete(outnet, p);
        outnet_send_wait_udp(outnet);
}

/** create pending_tcp buffers */
static int
create_pending_tcp(struct outside_network* outnet, size_t bufsize)
{
        size_t i;
        if(outnet->num_tcp == 0)
                return 1; /* no tcp needed, nothing to do */
        if(!(outnet->tcp_conns = (struct pending_tcp **)calloc(
                        outnet->num_tcp, sizeof(struct pending_tcp*))))
                return 0;
        for(i=0; i<outnet->num_tcp; i++) {
                if(!(outnet->tcp_conns[i] = (struct pending_tcp*)calloc(1, 
                        sizeof(struct pending_tcp))))
                        return 0;
                outnet->tcp_conns[i]->next_free = outnet->tcp_free;
                outnet->tcp_free = outnet->tcp_conns[i];
                outnet->tcp_conns[i]->c = comm_point_create_tcp_out(
                        outnet->base, bufsize, outnet_tcp_cb, 
                        outnet->tcp_conns[i]);
                if(!outnet->tcp_conns[i]->c)
                        return 0;
        }
        return 1;
}

/** setup an outgoing interface, ready address */
static int setup_if(struct port_if* pif, const char* addrstr, 
        int* avail, int numavail, size_t numfd)
{
        pif->avail_total = numavail;
        pif->avail_ports = (int*)memdup(avail, (size_t)numavail*sizeof(int));
        if(!pif->avail_ports)
                return 0;
        if(!ipstrtoaddr(addrstr, UNBOUND_DNS_PORT, &pif->addr, &pif->addrlen))
                return 0;
        pif->maxout = (int)numfd;
        pif->inuse = 0;
        pif->out = (struct port_comm**)calloc(numfd, 
                sizeof(struct port_comm*));
        if(!pif->out)
                return 0;
        return 1;
}

struct outside_network* 
outside_network_create(struct comm_base *base, size_t bufsize, 
        size_t num_ports, char** ifs, int num_ifs, int do_ip4, 
        int do_ip6, size_t num_tcp, struct infra_cache* infra,
        struct ub_randstate* rnd, int use_caps_for_id, int* availports, 
        int numavailports, size_t unwanted_threshold,
        void (*unwanted_action)(void*), void* unwanted_param, int do_udp,
        void* sslctx, int delayclose, struct dt_env* dtenv)
{
        struct outside_network* outnet = (struct outside_network*)
                calloc(1, sizeof(struct outside_network));
        size_t k;
        if(!outnet) {
                log_err("malloc failed");
                return NULL;
        }
        comm_base_timept(base, &outnet->now_secs, &outnet->now_tv);
        outnet->base = base;
        outnet->num_tcp = num_tcp;
        outnet->num_tcp_outgoing = 0;
        outnet->infra = infra;
        outnet->rnd = rnd;
        outnet->sslctx = sslctx;
#ifdef USE_DNSTAP
        outnet->dtenv = dtenv;
#else
        (void)dtenv;
#endif
        outnet->svcd_overhead = 0;
        outnet->want_to_quit = 0;
        outnet->unwanted_threshold = unwanted_threshold;
        outnet->unwanted_action = unwanted_action;
        outnet->unwanted_param = unwanted_param;
        outnet->use_caps_for_id = use_caps_for_id;
        outnet->do_udp = do_udp;
#ifndef S_SPLINT_S
        if(delayclose) {
                outnet->delayclose = 1;
                outnet->delay_tv.tv_sec = delayclose/1000;
                outnet->delay_tv.tv_usec = (delayclose%1000)*1000;
        }
#endif
        if(numavailports == 0) {
                log_err("no outgoing ports available");
                outside_network_delete(outnet);
                return NULL;
        }
#ifndef INET6
        do_ip6 = 0;
#endif
        calc_num46(ifs, num_ifs, do_ip4, do_ip6, 
                &outnet->num_ip4, &outnet->num_ip6);
        if(outnet->num_ip4 != 0) {
                if(!(outnet->ip4_ifs = (struct port_if*)calloc(
                        (size_t)outnet->num_ip4, sizeof(struct port_if)))) {
                        log_err("malloc failed");
                        outside_network_delete(outnet);
                        return NULL;
                }
        }
        if(outnet->num_ip6 != 0) {
                if(!(outnet->ip6_ifs = (struct port_if*)calloc(
                        (size_t)outnet->num_ip6, sizeof(struct port_if)))) {
                        log_err("malloc failed");
                        outside_network_delete(outnet);
                        return NULL;
                }
        }
        if(     !(outnet->udp_buff = sldns_buffer_new(bufsize)) ||
                !(outnet->pending = rbtree_create(pending_cmp)) ||
                !(outnet->serviced = rbtree_create(serviced_cmp)) ||
                !create_pending_tcp(outnet, bufsize)) {
                log_err("malloc failed");
                outside_network_delete(outnet);
                return NULL;
        }

        /* allocate commpoints */
        for(k=0; k<num_ports; k++) {
                struct port_comm* pc;
                pc = (struct port_comm*)calloc(1, sizeof(*pc));
                if(!pc) {
                        log_err("malloc failed");
                        outside_network_delete(outnet);
                        return NULL;
                }
                pc->cp = comm_point_create_udp(outnet->base, -1, 
                        outnet->udp_buff, outnet_udp_cb, outnet);
                if(!pc->cp) {
                        log_err("malloc failed");
                        free(pc);
                        outside_network_delete(outnet);
                        return NULL;
                }
                pc->next = outnet->unused_fds;
                outnet->unused_fds = pc;
        }

        /* allocate interfaces */
        if(num_ifs == 0) {
                if(do_ip4 && !setup_if(&outnet->ip4_ifs[0], "0.0.0.0", 
                        availports, numavailports, num_ports)) {
                        log_err("malloc failed");
                        outside_network_delete(outnet);
                        return NULL;
                }
                if(do_ip6 && !setup_if(&outnet->ip6_ifs[0], "::", 
                        availports, numavailports, num_ports)) {
                        log_err("malloc failed");
                        outside_network_delete(outnet);
                        return NULL;
                }
        } else {
                size_t done_4 = 0, done_6 = 0;
                int i;
                for(i=0; i<num_ifs; i++) {
                        if(str_is_ip6(ifs[i]) && do_ip6) {
                                if(!setup_if(&outnet->ip6_ifs[done_6], ifs[i],
                                        availports, numavailports, num_ports)){
                                        log_err("malloc failed");
                                        outside_network_delete(outnet);
                                        return NULL;
                                }
                                done_6++;
                        }
                        if(!str_is_ip6(ifs[i]) && do_ip4) {
                                if(!setup_if(&outnet->ip4_ifs[done_4], ifs[i],
                                        availports, numavailports, num_ports)){
                                        log_err("malloc failed");
                                        outside_network_delete(outnet);
                                        return NULL;
                                }
                                done_4++;
                        }
                }
        }
        return outnet;
}

/** helper pending delete */
static void
pending_node_del(rbnode_t* node, void* arg)
{
        struct pending* pend = (struct pending*)node;
        struct outside_network* outnet = (struct outside_network*)arg;
        pending_delete(outnet, pend);
}

/** helper serviced delete */
static void
serviced_node_del(rbnode_t* node, void* ATTR_UNUSED(arg))
{
        struct serviced_query* sq = (struct serviced_query*)node;
        struct service_callback* p = sq->cblist, *np;
        free(sq->qbuf);
        free(sq->zone);
        while(p) {
                np = p->next;
                free(p);
                p = np;
        }
        free(sq);
}

void 
outside_network_quit_prepare(struct outside_network* outnet)
{
        if(!outnet)
                return;
        /* prevent queued items from being sent */
        outnet->want_to_quit = 1; 
}

void 
outside_network_delete(struct outside_network* outnet)
{
        if(!outnet)
                return;
        outnet->want_to_quit = 1;
        /* check every element, since we can be called on malloc error */
        if(outnet->pending) {
                /* free pending elements, but do no unlink from tree. */
                traverse_postorder(outnet->pending, pending_node_del, NULL);
                free(outnet->pending);
        }
        if(outnet->serviced) {
                traverse_postorder(outnet->serviced, serviced_node_del, NULL);
                free(outnet->serviced);
        }
        if(outnet->udp_buff)
                sldns_buffer_free(outnet->udp_buff);
        if(outnet->unused_fds) {
                struct port_comm* p = outnet->unused_fds, *np;
                while(p) {
                        np = p->next;
                        comm_point_delete(p->cp);
                        free(p);
                        p = np;
                }
                outnet->unused_fds = NULL;
        }
        if(outnet->ip4_ifs) {
                int i, k;
                for(i=0; i<outnet->num_ip4; i++) {
                        for(k=0; k<outnet->ip4_ifs[i].inuse; k++) {
                                struct port_comm* pc = outnet->ip4_ifs[i].
                                        out[k];
                                comm_point_delete(pc->cp);
                                free(pc);
                        }
                        free(outnet->ip4_ifs[i].avail_ports);
                        free(outnet->ip4_ifs[i].out);
                }
                free(outnet->ip4_ifs);
        }
        if(outnet->ip6_ifs) {
                int i, k;
                for(i=0; i<outnet->num_ip6; i++) {
                        for(k=0; k<outnet->ip6_ifs[i].inuse; k++) {
                                struct port_comm* pc = outnet->ip6_ifs[i].
                                        out[k];
                                comm_point_delete(pc->cp);
                                free(pc);
                        }
                        free(outnet->ip6_ifs[i].avail_ports);
                        free(outnet->ip6_ifs[i].out);
                }
                free(outnet->ip6_ifs);
        }
        if(outnet->tcp_conns) {
                size_t i;
                for(i=0; i<outnet->num_tcp; i++)
                        if(outnet->tcp_conns[i]) {
                                comm_point_delete(outnet->tcp_conns[i]->c);
                                waiting_tcp_delete(outnet->tcp_conns[i]->query);
                                free(outnet->tcp_conns[i]);
                        }
                free(outnet->tcp_conns);
        }
        if(outnet->tcp_wait_first) {
                struct waiting_tcp* p = outnet->tcp_wait_first, *np;
                while(p) {
                        np = p->next_waiting;
                        waiting_tcp_delete(p);
                        p = np;
                }
        }
        if(outnet->udp_wait_first) {
                struct pending* p = outnet->udp_wait_first, *np;
                while(p) {
                        np = p->next_waiting;
                        pending_delete(NULL, p);
                        p = np;
                }
        }
        free(outnet);
}

void 
pending_delete(struct outside_network* outnet, struct pending* p)
{
        if(!p)
                return;
        if(outnet && outnet->udp_wait_first &&
                (p->next_waiting || p == outnet->udp_wait_last) ) {
                /* delete from waiting list, if it is in the waiting list */
                struct pending* prev = NULL, *x = outnet->udp_wait_first;
                while(x && x != p) {
                        prev = x;
                        x = x->next_waiting;
                }
                if(x) {
                        log_assert(x == p);
                        if(prev)
                                prev->next_waiting = p->next_waiting;
                        else    outnet->udp_wait_first = p->next_waiting;
                        if(outnet->udp_wait_last == p)
                                outnet->udp_wait_last = prev;
                }
        }
        if(outnet) {
                (void)rbtree_delete(outnet->pending, p->node.key);
        }
        if(p->timer)
                comm_timer_delete(p->timer);
        free(p->pkt);
        free(p);
}

/**
 * Try to open a UDP socket for outgoing communication.
 * Sets sockets options as needed.
 * @param addr: socket address.
 * @param addrlen: length of address.
 * @param port: port override for addr.
 * @param inuse: if -1 is returned, this bool means the port was in use.
 * @return fd or -1
 */
static int
udp_sockport(struct sockaddr_storage* addr, socklen_t addrlen, int port, 
        int* inuse)
{
        int fd, noproto;
        if(addr_is_ip6(addr, addrlen)) {
                struct sockaddr_in6* sa = (struct sockaddr_in6*)addr;
                sa->sin6_port = (in_port_t)htons((uint16_t)port);
                fd = create_udp_sock(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 
                        (struct sockaddr*)addr, addrlen, 1, inuse, &noproto,
                        0, 0, 0, NULL);
        } else {
                struct sockaddr_in* sa = (struct sockaddr_in*)addr;
                sa->sin_port = (in_port_t)htons((uint16_t)port);
                fd = create_udp_sock(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 
                        (struct sockaddr*)addr, addrlen, 1, inuse, &noproto,
                        0, 0, 0, NULL);
        }
        return fd;
}

/** Select random ID */
static int
select_id(struct outside_network* outnet, struct pending* pend,
        sldns_buffer* packet)
{
        int id_tries = 0;
        pend->id = ((unsigned)ub_random(outnet->rnd)>>8) & 0xffff;
        LDNS_ID_SET(sldns_buffer_begin(packet), pend->id);

        /* insert in tree */
        pend->node.key = pend;
        while(!rbtree_insert(outnet->pending, &pend->node)) {
                /* change ID to avoid collision */
                pend->id = ((unsigned)ub_random(outnet->rnd)>>8) & 0xffff;
                LDNS_ID_SET(sldns_buffer_begin(packet), pend->id);
                id_tries++;
                if(id_tries == MAX_ID_RETRY) {
                        pend->id=99999; /* non existant ID */
                        log_err("failed to generate unique ID, drop msg");
                        return 0;
                }
        }
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "inserted new pending reply id=%4.4x", pend->id);
        return 1;
}

/** Select random interface and port */
static int
select_ifport(struct outside_network* outnet, struct pending* pend,
        int num_if, struct port_if* ifs)
{
        int my_if, my_port, fd, portno, inuse, tries=0;
        struct port_if* pif;
        /* randomly select interface and port */
        if(num_if == 0) {
                verbose(VERB_QUERY, "Need to send query but have no "
                        "outgoing interfaces of that family");
                return 0;
        }
        log_assert(outnet->unused_fds);
        tries = 0;
        while(1) {
                my_if = ub_random_max(outnet->rnd, num_if);
                pif = &ifs[my_if];
                my_port = ub_random_max(outnet->rnd, pif->avail_total);
                if(my_port < pif->inuse) {
                        /* port already open */
                        pend->pc = pif->out[my_port];
                        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "using UDP if=%d port=%d", 
                                my_if, pend->pc->number);
                        break;
                }
                /* try to open new port, if fails, loop to try again */
                log_assert(pif->inuse < pif->maxout);
                portno = pif->avail_ports[my_port - pif->inuse];
                fd = udp_sockport(&pif->addr, pif->addrlen, portno, &inuse);
                if(fd == -1 && !inuse) {
                        /* nonrecoverable error making socket */
                        return 0;
                }
                if(fd != -1) {
                        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "opened UDP if=%d port=%d", 
                                my_if, portno);
                        /* grab fd */
                        pend->pc = outnet->unused_fds;
                        outnet->unused_fds = pend->pc->next;

                        /* setup portcomm */
                        pend->pc->next = NULL;
                        pend->pc->number = portno;
                        pend->pc->pif = pif;
                        pend->pc->index = pif->inuse;
                        pend->pc->num_outstanding = 0;
                        comm_point_start_listening(pend->pc->cp, fd, -1);

                        /* grab port in interface */
                        pif->out[pif->inuse] = pend->pc;
                        pif->avail_ports[my_port - pif->inuse] =
                                pif->avail_ports[pif->avail_total-pif->inuse-1];
                        pif->inuse++;
                        break;
                }
                /* failed, already in use */
                verbose(VERB_QUERY, "port %d in use, trying another", portno);
                tries++;
                if(tries == MAX_PORT_RETRY) {
                        log_err("failed to find an open port, drop msg");
                        return 0;
                }
        }
        log_assert(pend->pc);
        pend->pc->num_outstanding++;

        return 1;
}

static int
randomize_and_send_udp(struct pending* pend, sldns_buffer* packet, int timeout)
{
        struct timeval tv;
        struct outside_network* outnet = pend->sq->outnet;

        /* select id */
        if(!select_id(outnet, pend, packet)) {
                return 0;
        }

        /* select src_if, port */
        if(addr_is_ip6(&pend->addr, pend->addrlen)) {
                if(!select_ifport(outnet, pend, 
                        outnet->num_ip6, outnet->ip6_ifs))
                        return 0;
        } else {
                if(!select_ifport(outnet, pend, 
                        outnet->num_ip4, outnet->ip4_ifs))
                        return 0;
        }
        log_assert(pend->pc && pend->pc->cp);

        /* send it over the commlink */
        if(!comm_point_send_udp_msg(pend->pc->cp, packet, 
                (struct sockaddr*)&pend->addr, pend->addrlen)) {
                portcomm_loweruse(outnet, pend->pc);
                return 0;
        }

        /* system calls to set timeout after sending UDP to make roundtrip
           smaller. */
#ifndef S_SPLINT_S
        tv.tv_sec = timeout/1000;
        tv.tv_usec = (timeout%1000)*1000;
#endif
        comm_timer_set(pend->timer, &tv);

#ifdef USE_DNSTAP
        if(outnet->dtenv &&
           (outnet->dtenv->log_resolver_query_messages ||
            outnet->dtenv->log_forwarder_query_messages))
                dt_msg_send_outside_query(outnet->dtenv, &pend->addr, comm_udp,
                pend->sq->zone, pend->sq->zonelen, packet);
#endif
        return 1;
}

struct pending* 
pending_udp_query(struct serviced_query* sq, struct sldns_buffer* packet,
        int timeout, comm_point_callback_t* cb, void* cb_arg)
{
        struct pending* pend = (struct pending*)calloc(1, sizeof(*pend));
        if(!pend) return NULL;
        pend->outnet = sq->outnet;
        pend->sq = sq;
        pend->addrlen = sq->addrlen;
        memmove(&pend->addr, &sq->addr, sq->addrlen);
        pend->cb = cb;
        pend->cb_arg = cb_arg;
        pend->node.key = pend;
        pend->timer = comm_timer_create(sq->outnet->base, pending_udp_timer_cb,
                pend);
        if(!pend->timer) {
                free(pend);
                return NULL;
        }

        if(sq->outnet->unused_fds == NULL) {
                /* no unused fd, cannot create a new port (randomly) */
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "no fds available, udp query waiting");
                pend->timeout = timeout;
                pend->pkt_len = sldns_buffer_limit(packet);
                pend->pkt = (uint8_t*)memdup(sldns_buffer_begin(packet),
                        pend->pkt_len);
                if(!pend->pkt) {
                        comm_timer_delete(pend->timer);
                        free(pend);
                        return NULL;
                }
                /* put at end of waiting list */
                if(sq->outnet->udp_wait_last)
                        sq->outnet->udp_wait_last->next_waiting = pend;
                else 
                        sq->outnet->udp_wait_first = pend;
                sq->outnet->udp_wait_last = pend;
                return pend;
        }
        if(!randomize_and_send_udp(pend, packet, timeout)) {
                pending_delete(sq->outnet, pend);
                return NULL;
        }
        return pend;
}

void
outnet_tcptimer(void* arg)
{
        struct waiting_tcp* w = (struct waiting_tcp*)arg;
        struct outside_network* outnet = w->outnet;
        comm_point_callback_t* cb;
        void* cb_arg;
        if(w->pkt) {
                /* it is on the waiting list */
                waiting_list_remove(outnet, w);
        } else {
                /* it was in use */
                struct pending_tcp* pend=(struct pending_tcp*)w->next_waiting;
                comm_point_close(pend->c);
                pend->query = NULL;
                pend->next_free = outnet->tcp_free;
                outnet->tcp_free = pend;
        }
        cb = w->cb;
        cb_arg = w->cb_arg;
        waiting_tcp_delete(w);
        fptr_ok(fptr_whitelist_pending_tcp(cb));
        (void)(*cb)(NULL, cb_arg, NETEVENT_TIMEOUT, NULL);
        use_free_buffer(outnet);
}

struct waiting_tcp*
pending_tcp_query(struct serviced_query* sq, sldns_buffer* packet,
        int timeout, comm_point_callback_t* callback, void* callback_arg)
{
        struct pending_tcp* pend = sq->outnet->tcp_free;
        struct waiting_tcp* w;
        struct timeval tv;
        uint16_t id;
        /* if no buffer is free allocate space to store query */
        w = (struct waiting_tcp*)malloc(sizeof(struct waiting_tcp) 
                + (pend?0:sldns_buffer_limit(packet)));
        if(!w) {
                return NULL;
        }
        if(!(w->timer = comm_timer_create(sq->outnet->base, outnet_tcptimer, w))) {
                free(w);
                return NULL;
        }
        w->pkt = NULL;
        w->pkt_len = 0;
        id = ((unsigned)ub_random(sq->outnet->rnd)>>8) & 0xffff;
        LDNS_ID_SET(sldns_buffer_begin(packet), id);
        memcpy(&w->addr, &sq->addr, sq->addrlen);
        w->addrlen = sq->addrlen;
        w->outnet = sq->outnet;
        w->cb = callback;
        w->cb_arg = callback_arg;
        w->ssl_upstream = sq->ssl_upstream;
#ifndef S_SPLINT_S
        tv.tv_sec = timeout;
        tv.tv_usec = 0;
#endif
        comm_timer_set(w->timer, &tv);
        if(pend) {
                /* we have a buffer available right now */
                if(!outnet_tcp_take_into_use(w, sldns_buffer_begin(packet),
                        sldns_buffer_limit(packet))) {
                        waiting_tcp_delete(w);
                        return NULL;
                }
#ifdef USE_DNSTAP
                if(sq->outnet->dtenv &&
                   (sq->outnet->dtenv->log_resolver_query_messages ||
                    sq->outnet->dtenv->log_forwarder_query_messages))
                dt_msg_send_outside_query(sq->outnet->dtenv, &sq->addr,
                comm_tcp, sq->zone, sq->zonelen, packet);
#endif
        } else {
                /* queue up */
                w->pkt = (uint8_t*)w + sizeof(struct waiting_tcp);
                w->pkt_len = sldns_buffer_limit(packet);
                memmove(w->pkt, sldns_buffer_begin(packet), w->pkt_len);
                w->next_waiting = NULL;
                if(sq->outnet->tcp_wait_last)
                        sq->outnet->tcp_wait_last->next_waiting = w;
                else    sq->outnet->tcp_wait_first = w;
                sq->outnet->tcp_wait_last = w;
        }
        return w;
}

/** create query for serviced queries */
static void
serviced_gen_query(sldns_buffer* buff, uint8_t* qname, size_t qnamelen, 
        uint16_t qtype, uint16_t qclass, uint16_t flags)
{
        sldns_buffer_clear(buff);
        /* skip id */
        sldns_buffer_write_u16(buff, flags);
        sldns_buffer_write_u16(buff, 1); /* qdcount */
        sldns_buffer_write_u16(buff, 0); /* ancount */
        sldns_buffer_write_u16(buff, 0); /* nscount */
        sldns_buffer_write_u16(buff, 0); /* arcount */
        sldns_buffer_write(buff, qname, qnamelen);
        sldns_buffer_write_u16(buff, qtype);
        sldns_buffer_write_u16(buff, qclass);
        sldns_buffer_flip(buff);
}

/** lookup serviced query in serviced query rbtree */
static struct serviced_query*
lookup_serviced(struct outside_network* outnet, sldns_buffer* buff, int dnssec,
        struct sockaddr_storage* addr, socklen_t addrlen)
{
        struct serviced_query key;
        key.node.key = &key;
        key.qbuf = sldns_buffer_begin(buff);
        key.qbuflen = sldns_buffer_limit(buff);
        key.dnssec = dnssec;
        memcpy(&key.addr, addr, addrlen);
        key.addrlen = addrlen;
        key.outnet = outnet;
        return (struct serviced_query*)rbtree_search(outnet->serviced, &key);
}

/** Create new serviced entry */
static struct serviced_query*
serviced_create(struct outside_network* outnet, sldns_buffer* buff, int dnssec,
        int want_dnssec, int nocaps, int tcp_upstream, int ssl_upstream,
        struct sockaddr_storage* addr, socklen_t addrlen, uint8_t* zone,
        size_t zonelen, int qtype)
{
        struct serviced_query* sq = (struct serviced_query*)malloc(sizeof(*sq));
#ifdef UNBOUND_DEBUG
        rbnode_t* ins;
#endif
        if(!sq) 
                return NULL;
        sq->node.key = sq;
        sq->qbuf = memdup(sldns_buffer_begin(buff), sldns_buffer_limit(buff));
        if(!sq->qbuf) {
                free(sq);
                return NULL;
        }
        sq->qbuflen = sldns_buffer_limit(buff);
        sq->zone = memdup(zone, zonelen);
        if(!sq->zone) {
                free(sq->qbuf);
                free(sq);
                return NULL;
        }
        sq->zonelen = zonelen;
        sq->qtype = qtype;
        sq->dnssec = dnssec;
        sq->want_dnssec = want_dnssec;
        sq->nocaps = nocaps;
        sq->tcp_upstream = tcp_upstream;
        sq->ssl_upstream = ssl_upstream;
        memcpy(&sq->addr, addr, addrlen);
        sq->addrlen = addrlen;
        sq->outnet = outnet;
        sq->cblist = NULL;
        sq->pending = NULL;
        sq->status = serviced_initial;
        sq->retry = 0;
        sq->to_be_deleted = 0;
#ifdef UNBOUND_DEBUG
        ins = 
#else
        (void)
#endif
        rbtree_insert(outnet->serviced, &sq->node);
        log_assert(ins != NULL); /* must not be already present */
        return sq;
}

/** remove waiting tcp from the outnet waiting list */
static void
waiting_list_remove(struct outside_network* outnet, struct waiting_tcp* w)
{
        struct waiting_tcp* p = outnet->tcp_wait_first, *prev = NULL;
        while(p) {
                if(p == w) {
                        /* remove w */
                        if(prev)
                                prev->next_waiting = w->next_waiting;
                        else    outnet->tcp_wait_first = w->next_waiting;
                        if(outnet->tcp_wait_last == w)
                                outnet->tcp_wait_last = prev;
                        return;
                }
                prev = p;
                p = p->next_waiting;
        }
}

/** cleanup serviced query entry */
static void
serviced_delete(struct serviced_query* sq)
{
        if(sq->pending) {
                /* clear up the pending query */
                if(sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS ||
                        sq->status == serviced_query_UDP ||
                        sq->status == serviced_query_PROBE_EDNS ||
                        sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_FRAG ||
                        sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_fallback) {
                        struct pending* p = (struct pending*)sq->pending;
                        if(p->pc)
                                portcomm_loweruse(sq->outnet, p->pc);
                        pending_delete(sq->outnet, p);
                        /* this call can cause reentrant calls back into the
                         * mesh */
                        outnet_send_wait_udp(sq->outnet);
                } else {
                        struct waiting_tcp* p = (struct waiting_tcp*)
                                sq->pending;
                        if(p->pkt == NULL) {
                                decomission_pending_tcp(sq->outnet, 
                                        (struct pending_tcp*)p->next_waiting);
                        } else {
                                waiting_list_remove(sq->outnet, p);
                                waiting_tcp_delete(p);
                        }
                }
        }
        /* does not delete from tree, caller has to do that */
        serviced_node_del(&sq->node, NULL);
}

/** perturb a dname capitalization randomly */
static void
serviced_perturb_qname(struct ub_randstate* rnd, uint8_t* qbuf, size_t len)
{
        uint8_t lablen;
        uint8_t* d = qbuf + 10;
        long int random = 0;
        int bits = 0;
        log_assert(len >= 10 + 5 /* offset qname, root, qtype, qclass */);
        lablen = *d++;
        while(lablen) {
                while(lablen--) {
                        /* only perturb A-Z, a-z */
                        if(isalpha((unsigned char)*d)) {
                                /* get a random bit */  
                                if(bits == 0) {
                                        random = ub_random(rnd);
                                        bits = 30;
                                }
                                if(random & 0x1) {
                                        *d = (uint8_t)toupper((unsigned char)*d);
                                } else {
                                        *d = (uint8_t)tolower((unsigned char)*d);
                                }
                                random >>= 1;
                                bits--;
                        }
                        d++;
                }
                lablen = *d++;
        }
        if(verbosity >= VERB_ALGO) {
                char buf[LDNS_MAX_DOMAINLEN+1];
                dname_str(qbuf+10, buf);
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "qname perturbed to %s", buf);
        }
}

/** put serviced query into a buffer */
static void
serviced_encode(struct serviced_query* sq, sldns_buffer* buff, int with_edns)
{
        /* if we are using 0x20 bits for ID randomness, perturb them */
        if(sq->outnet->use_caps_for_id && !sq->nocaps) {
                serviced_perturb_qname(sq->outnet->rnd, sq->qbuf, sq->qbuflen);
        }
        /* generate query */
        sldns_buffer_clear(buff);
        sldns_buffer_write_u16(buff, 0); /* id placeholder */
        sldns_buffer_write(buff, sq->qbuf, sq->qbuflen);
        sldns_buffer_flip(buff);
        if(with_edns) {
                /* add edns section */
                struct edns_data edns;
                edns.edns_present = 1;
                edns.ext_rcode = 0;
                edns.edns_version = EDNS_ADVERTISED_VERSION;
                if(sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_FRAG) {
                        if(addr_is_ip6(&sq->addr, sq->addrlen)) {
                                if(EDNS_FRAG_SIZE_IP6 < EDNS_ADVERTISED_SIZE)
                                        edns.udp_size = EDNS_FRAG_SIZE_IP6;
                                else    edns.udp_size = EDNS_ADVERTISED_SIZE;
                        } else {
                                if(EDNS_FRAG_SIZE_IP4 < EDNS_ADVERTISED_SIZE)
                                        edns.udp_size = EDNS_FRAG_SIZE_IP4;
                                else    edns.udp_size = EDNS_ADVERTISED_SIZE;
                        }
                } else {
                        edns.udp_size = EDNS_ADVERTISED_SIZE;
                }
                edns.bits = 0;
                if(sq->dnssec & EDNS_DO)
                        edns.bits = EDNS_DO;
                if(sq->dnssec & BIT_CD)
                        LDNS_CD_SET(sldns_buffer_begin(buff));
                attach_edns_record(buff, &edns);
        }
}

/**
 * Perform serviced query UDP sending operation.
 * Sends UDP with EDNS, unless infra host marked non EDNS.
 * @param sq: query to send.
 * @param buff: buffer scratch space.
 * @return 0 on error.
 */
static int
serviced_udp_send(struct serviced_query* sq, sldns_buffer* buff)
{
        int rtt, vs;
        uint8_t edns_lame_known;
        time_t now = *sq->outnet->now_secs;

        if(!infra_host(sq->outnet->infra, &sq->addr, sq->addrlen, sq->zone,
                sq->zonelen, now, &vs, &edns_lame_known, &rtt))
                return 0;
        sq->last_rtt = rtt;
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "EDNS lookup known=%d vs=%d", edns_lame_known, vs);
        if(sq->status == serviced_initial) {
                if(edns_lame_known == 0 && rtt > 5000 && rtt < 10001) {
                        /* perform EDNS lame probe - check if server is
                         * EDNS lame (EDNS queries to it are dropped) */
                        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "serviced query: send probe to see "
                                " if use of EDNS causes timeouts");
                        /* even 700 msec may be too small */
                        rtt = 1000;
                        sq->status = serviced_query_PROBE_EDNS;
                } else if(vs != -1) {
                        sq->status = serviced_query_UDP_EDNS;
                } else {        
                        sq->status = serviced_query_UDP; 
                }
        }
        serviced_encode(sq, buff, (sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS) ||
                (sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_FRAG));
        sq->last_sent_time = *sq->outnet->now_tv;
        sq->edns_lame_known = (int)edns_lame_known;
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "serviced query UDP timeout=%d msec", rtt);
        sq->pending = pending_udp_query(sq, buff, rtt,
                serviced_udp_callback, sq);
        if(!sq->pending)
                return 0;
        return 1;
}

/** check that perturbed qname is identical */
static int
serviced_check_qname(sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* qbuf, size_t qbuflen)
{
        uint8_t* d1 = sldns_buffer_at(pkt, 12);
        uint8_t* d2 = qbuf+10;
        uint8_t len1, len2;
        int count = 0;
        log_assert(qbuflen >= 15 /* 10 header, root, type, class */);
        len1 = *d1++;
        len2 = *d2++;
        if(sldns_buffer_limit(pkt) < 12+1+4) /* packet too small for qname */
                return 0;
        while(len1 != 0 || len2 != 0) {
                if(LABEL_IS_PTR(len1)) {
                        d1 = sldns_buffer_at(pkt, PTR_OFFSET(len1, *d1));
                        if(d1 >= sldns_buffer_at(pkt, sldns_buffer_limit(pkt)))
                                return 0;
                        len1 = *d1++;
                        if(count++ > MAX_COMPRESS_PTRS)
                                return 0;
                        continue;
                }
                if(d2 > qbuf+qbuflen)
                        return 0;
                if(len1 != len2)
                        return 0;
                if(len1 > LDNS_MAX_LABELLEN)
                        return 0;
                log_assert(len1 <= LDNS_MAX_LABELLEN);
                log_assert(len2 <= LDNS_MAX_LABELLEN);
                log_assert(len1 == len2 && len1 != 0);
                /* compare the labels - bitwise identical */
                if(memcmp(d1, d2, len1) != 0)
                        return 0;
                d1 += len1;
                d2 += len2;
                len1 = *d1++;
                len2 = *d2++;
        }
        return 1;
}

/** call the callbacks for a serviced query */
static void
serviced_callbacks(struct serviced_query* sq, int error, struct comm_point* c,
        struct comm_reply* rep)
{
        struct service_callback* p;
        int dobackup = (sq->cblist && sq->cblist->next); /* >1 cb*/
        uint8_t *backup_p = NULL;
        size_t backlen = 0;
#ifdef UNBOUND_DEBUG
        rbnode_t* rem =
#else
        (void)
#endif
        /* remove from tree, and schedule for deletion, so that callbacks
         * can safely deregister themselves and even create new serviced
         * queries that are identical to this one. */
        rbtree_delete(sq->outnet->serviced, sq);
        log_assert(rem); /* should have been present */
        sq->to_be_deleted = 1; 
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "svcd callbacks start");
        if(sq->outnet->use_caps_for_id && error == NETEVENT_NOERROR && c) {
                /* noerror and nxdomain must have a qname in reply */
                if(sldns_buffer_read_u16_at(c->buffer, 4) == 0 &&
                        (LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer))
                                == LDNS_RCODE_NOERROR || 
                         LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer))
                                == LDNS_RCODE_NXDOMAIN)) {
                        verbose(VERB_DETAIL, "no qname in reply to check 0x20ID");
                        log_addr(VERB_DETAIL, "from server", 
                                &sq->addr, sq->addrlen);
                        log_buf(VERB_DETAIL, "for packet", c->buffer);
                        error = NETEVENT_CLOSED;
                        c = NULL;
                } else if(sldns_buffer_read_u16_at(c->buffer, 4) > 0 &&
                        !serviced_check_qname(c->buffer, sq->qbuf, 
                        sq->qbuflen)) {
                        verbose(VERB_DETAIL, "wrong 0x20-ID in reply qname");
                        log_addr(VERB_DETAIL, "from server", 
                                &sq->addr, sq->addrlen);
                        log_buf(VERB_DETAIL, "for packet", c->buffer);
                        error = NETEVENT_CAPSFAIL;
                        /* and cleanup too */
                        pkt_dname_tolower(c->buffer, 
                                sldns_buffer_at(c->buffer, 12));
                } else {
                        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "good 0x20-ID in reply qname");
                        /* cleanup caps, prettier cache contents. */
                        pkt_dname_tolower(c->buffer, 
                                sldns_buffer_at(c->buffer, 12));
                }
        }
        if(dobackup && c) {
                /* make a backup of the query, since the querystate processing
                 * may send outgoing queries that overwrite the buffer.
                 * use secondary buffer to store the query.
                 * This is a data copy, but faster than packet to server */
                backlen = sldns_buffer_limit(c->buffer);
                backup_p = memdup(sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer), backlen);
                if(!backup_p) {
                        log_err("malloc failure in serviced query callbacks");
                        error = NETEVENT_CLOSED;
                        c = NULL;
                }
                sq->outnet->svcd_overhead = backlen;
        }
        /* test the actual sq->cblist, because the next elem could be deleted*/
        while((p=sq->cblist) != NULL) {
                sq->cblist = p->next; /* remove this element */
                if(dobackup && c) {
                        sldns_buffer_clear(c->buffer);
                        sldns_buffer_write(c->buffer, backup_p, backlen);
                        sldns_buffer_flip(c->buffer);
                }
                fptr_ok(fptr_whitelist_serviced_query(p->cb));
                (void)(*p->cb)(c, p->cb_arg, error, rep);
                free(p);
        }
        if(backup_p) {
                free(backup_p);
                sq->outnet->svcd_overhead = 0;
        }
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "svcd callbacks end");
        log_assert(sq->cblist == NULL);
        serviced_delete(sq);
}

int 
serviced_tcp_callback(struct comm_point* c, void* arg, int error,
        struct comm_reply* rep)
{
        struct serviced_query* sq = (struct serviced_query*)arg;
        struct comm_reply r2;
        sq->pending = NULL; /* removed after this callback */
        if(error != NETEVENT_NOERROR)
                log_addr(VERB_QUERY, "tcp error for address", 
                        &sq->addr, sq->addrlen);
        if(error==NETEVENT_NOERROR)
                infra_update_tcp_works(sq->outnet->infra, &sq->addr,
                        sq->addrlen, sq->zone, sq->zonelen);
#ifdef USE_DNSTAP
        if(sq->outnet->dtenv &&
           (sq->outnet->dtenv->log_resolver_response_messages ||
            sq->outnet->dtenv->log_forwarder_response_messages))
                dt_msg_send_outside_response(sq->outnet->dtenv, &sq->addr,
                c->type, sq->zone, sq->zonelen, sq->qbuf, sq->qbuflen,
                &sq->last_sent_time, sq->outnet->now_tv, c->buffer);
#endif
        if(error==NETEVENT_NOERROR && sq->status == serviced_query_TCP_EDNS &&
                (LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer)) == 
                LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR || LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(
                c->buffer)) == LDNS_RCODE_NOTIMPL) ) {
                /* attempt to fallback to nonEDNS */
                sq->status = serviced_query_TCP_EDNS_fallback;
                serviced_tcp_initiate(sq, c->buffer);
                return 0;
        } else if(error==NETEVENT_NOERROR && 
                sq->status == serviced_query_TCP_EDNS_fallback &&
                        (LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer)) == 
                        LDNS_RCODE_NOERROR || LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(
                        sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer)) == LDNS_RCODE_NXDOMAIN 
                        || LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer)) 
                        == LDNS_RCODE_YXDOMAIN)) {
                /* the fallback produced a result that looks promising, note
                 * that this server should be approached without EDNS */
                /* only store noEDNS in cache if domain is noDNSSEC */
                if(!sq->want_dnssec)
                  if(!infra_edns_update(sq->outnet->infra, &sq->addr, 
                        sq->addrlen, sq->zone, sq->zonelen, -1,
                        *sq->outnet->now_secs))
                        log_err("Out of memory caching no edns for host");
                sq->status = serviced_query_TCP;
        }
        if(sq->tcp_upstream || sq->ssl_upstream) {
            struct timeval now = *sq->outnet->now_tv;
            if(now.tv_sec > sq->last_sent_time.tv_sec ||
                (now.tv_sec == sq->last_sent_time.tv_sec &&
                now.tv_usec > sq->last_sent_time.tv_usec)) {
                /* convert from microseconds to milliseconds */
                int roundtime = ((int)(now.tv_sec - sq->last_sent_time.tv_sec))*1000
                  + ((int)now.tv_usec - (int)sq->last_sent_time.tv_usec)/1000;
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "measured TCP-time at %d msec", roundtime);
                log_assert(roundtime >= 0);
                /* only store if less then AUTH_TIMEOUT seconds, it could be
                 * huge due to system-hibernated and we woke up */
                if(roundtime < TCP_AUTH_QUERY_TIMEOUT*1000) {
                    if(!infra_rtt_update(sq->outnet->infra, &sq->addr,
                        sq->addrlen, sq->zone, sq->zonelen, sq->qtype,
                        roundtime, sq->last_rtt, (time_t)now.tv_sec))
                        log_err("out of memory noting rtt.");
                }
            }
        }
        /* insert address into reply info */
        if(!rep) {
                /* create one if there isn't (on errors) */
                rep = &r2;
                r2.c = c;
        }
        memcpy(&rep->addr, &sq->addr, sq->addrlen);
        rep->addrlen = sq->addrlen;
        serviced_callbacks(sq, error, c, rep);
        return 0;
}

static void
serviced_tcp_initiate(struct serviced_query* sq, sldns_buffer* buff)
{
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "initiate TCP query %s", 
                sq->status==serviced_query_TCP_EDNS?"EDNS":"");
        serviced_encode(sq, buff, sq->status == serviced_query_TCP_EDNS);
        sq->last_sent_time = *sq->outnet->now_tv;
        sq->pending = pending_tcp_query(sq, buff, TCP_AUTH_QUERY_TIMEOUT,
                serviced_tcp_callback, sq);
        if(!sq->pending) {
                /* delete from tree so that a retry by above layer does not
                 * clash with this entry */
                log_err("serviced_tcp_initiate: failed to send tcp query");
                serviced_callbacks(sq, NETEVENT_CLOSED, NULL, NULL);
        }
}

/** Send serviced query over TCP return false on initial failure */
static int
serviced_tcp_send(struct serviced_query* sq, sldns_buffer* buff)
{
        int vs, rtt;
        uint8_t edns_lame_known;
        if(!infra_host(sq->outnet->infra, &sq->addr, sq->addrlen, sq->zone,
                sq->zonelen, *sq->outnet->now_secs, &vs, &edns_lame_known,
                &rtt))
                return 0;
        if(vs != -1)
                sq->status = serviced_query_TCP_EDNS;
        else    sq->status = serviced_query_TCP;
        serviced_encode(sq, buff, sq->status == serviced_query_TCP_EDNS);
        sq->last_sent_time = *sq->outnet->now_tv;
        sq->pending = pending_tcp_query(sq, buff, TCP_AUTH_QUERY_TIMEOUT,
                serviced_tcp_callback, sq);
        return sq->pending != NULL;
}

int 
serviced_udp_callback(struct comm_point* c, void* arg, int error,
        struct comm_reply* rep)
{
        struct serviced_query* sq = (struct serviced_query*)arg;
        struct outside_network* outnet = sq->outnet;
        struct timeval now = *sq->outnet->now_tv;
        int fallback_tcp = 0;

        sq->pending = NULL; /* removed after callback */
        if(error == NETEVENT_TIMEOUT) {
                int rto = 0;
                if(sq->status == serviced_query_PROBE_EDNS) {
                        /* non-EDNS probe failed; we do not know its status,
                         * keep trying with EDNS, timeout may not be caused
                         * by EDNS. */
                        sq->status = serviced_query_UDP_EDNS;
                }
                if(sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS && sq->last_rtt < 5000) {
                        /* fallback to 1480/1280 */
                        sq->status = serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_FRAG;
                        log_name_addr(VERB_ALGO, "try edns1xx0", sq->qbuf+10,
                                &sq->addr, sq->addrlen);
                        if(!serviced_udp_send(sq, c->buffer)) {
                                serviced_callbacks(sq, NETEVENT_CLOSED, c, rep);
                        }
                        return 0;
                }
                if(sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_FRAG) {
                        /* fragmentation size did not fix it */
                        sq->status = serviced_query_UDP_EDNS;
                }
                sq->retry++;
                if(!(rto=infra_rtt_update(outnet->infra, &sq->addr, sq->addrlen,
                        sq->zone, sq->zonelen, sq->qtype, -1, sq->last_rtt,
                        (time_t)now.tv_sec)))
                        log_err("out of memory in UDP exponential backoff");
                if(sq->retry < OUTBOUND_UDP_RETRY) {
                        log_name_addr(VERB_ALGO, "retry query", sq->qbuf+10,
                                &sq->addr, sq->addrlen);
                        if(!serviced_udp_send(sq, c->buffer)) {
                                serviced_callbacks(sq, NETEVENT_CLOSED, c, rep);
                        }
                        return 0;
                }
                if(rto >= RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT) {
                        fallback_tcp = 1;
                        /* UDP does not work, fallback to TCP below */
                } else {
                        serviced_callbacks(sq, NETEVENT_TIMEOUT, c, rep);
                        return 0;
                }
        } else if(error != NETEVENT_NOERROR) {
                /* udp returns error (due to no ID or interface available) */
                serviced_callbacks(sq, error, c, rep);
                return 0;
        }
#ifdef USE_DNSTAP
        if(outnet->dtenv &&
           (outnet->dtenv->log_resolver_response_messages ||
            outnet->dtenv->log_forwarder_response_messages))
                dt_msg_send_outside_response(outnet->dtenv, &sq->addr, c->type,
                sq->zone, sq->zonelen, sq->qbuf, sq->qbuflen,
                &sq->last_sent_time, sq->outnet->now_tv, c->buffer);
#endif
        if(!fallback_tcp) {
            if( (sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS 
                ||sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_FRAG)
                && (LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer)) 
                        == LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR || LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(
                        sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer)) == LDNS_RCODE_NOTIMPL)) {
                /* try to get an answer by falling back without EDNS */
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "serviced query: attempt without EDNS");
                sq->status = serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_fallback;
                sq->retry = 0;
                if(!serviced_udp_send(sq, c->buffer)) {
                        serviced_callbacks(sq, NETEVENT_CLOSED, c, rep);
                }
                return 0;
            } else if(sq->status == serviced_query_PROBE_EDNS) {
                /* probe without EDNS succeeds, so we conclude that this
                 * host likely has EDNS packets dropped */
                log_addr(VERB_DETAIL, "timeouts, concluded that connection to "
                        "host drops EDNS packets", &sq->addr, sq->addrlen);
                /* only store noEDNS in cache if domain is noDNSSEC */
                if(!sq->want_dnssec)
                  if(!infra_edns_update(outnet->infra, &sq->addr, sq->addrlen,
                        sq->zone, sq->zonelen, -1, (time_t)now.tv_sec)) {
                        log_err("Out of memory caching no edns for host");
                  }
                sq->status = serviced_query_UDP;
            } else if(sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS && 
                !sq->edns_lame_known) {
                /* now we know that edns queries received answers store that */
                log_addr(VERB_ALGO, "serviced query: EDNS works for",
                        &sq->addr, sq->addrlen);
                if(!infra_edns_update(outnet->infra, &sq->addr, sq->addrlen, 
                        sq->zone, sq->zonelen, 0, (time_t)now.tv_sec)) {
                        log_err("Out of memory caching edns works");
                }
                sq->edns_lame_known = 1;
            } else if(sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_fallback &&
                !sq->edns_lame_known && (LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(
                sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer)) == LDNS_RCODE_NOERROR || 
                LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer)) == 
                LDNS_RCODE_NXDOMAIN || LDNS_RCODE_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(
                c->buffer)) == LDNS_RCODE_YXDOMAIN)) {
                /* the fallback produced a result that looks promising, note
                 * that this server should be approached without EDNS */
                /* only store noEDNS in cache if domain is noDNSSEC */
                if(!sq->want_dnssec) {
                  log_addr(VERB_ALGO, "serviced query: EDNS fails for",
                        &sq->addr, sq->addrlen);
                  if(!infra_edns_update(outnet->infra, &sq->addr, sq->addrlen,
                        sq->zone, sq->zonelen, -1, (time_t)now.tv_sec)) {
                        log_err("Out of memory caching no edns for host");
                  }
                } else {
                  log_addr(VERB_ALGO, "serviced query: EDNS fails, but "
                        "not stored because need DNSSEC for", &sq->addr,
                        sq->addrlen);
                }
                sq->status = serviced_query_UDP;
            }
            if(now.tv_sec > sq->last_sent_time.tv_sec ||
                (now.tv_sec == sq->last_sent_time.tv_sec &&
                now.tv_usec > sq->last_sent_time.tv_usec)) {
                /* convert from microseconds to milliseconds */
                int roundtime = ((int)(now.tv_sec - sq->last_sent_time.tv_sec))*1000
                  + ((int)now.tv_usec - (int)sq->last_sent_time.tv_usec)/1000;
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "measured roundtrip at %d msec", roundtime);
                log_assert(roundtime >= 0);
                /* in case the system hibernated, do not enter a huge value,
                 * above this value gives trouble with server selection */
                if(roundtime < 60000) {
                    if(!infra_rtt_update(outnet->infra, &sq->addr, sq->addrlen, 
                        sq->zone, sq->zonelen, sq->qtype, roundtime,
                        sq->last_rtt, (time_t)now.tv_sec))
                        log_err("out of memory noting rtt.");
                }
            }
        } /* end of if_!fallback_tcp */
        /* perform TC flag check and TCP fallback after updating our
         * cache entries for EDNS status and RTT times */
        if(LDNS_TC_WIRE(sldns_buffer_begin(c->buffer)) || fallback_tcp) {
                /* fallback to TCP */
                /* this discards partial UDP contents */
                if(sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS ||
                        sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_FRAG ||
                        sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_fallback)
                        /* if we have unfinished EDNS_fallback, start again */
                        sq->status = serviced_query_TCP_EDNS;
                else    sq->status = serviced_query_TCP;
                serviced_tcp_initiate(sq, c->buffer);
                return 0;
        }
        /* yay! an answer */
        serviced_callbacks(sq, error, c, rep);
        return 0;
}

struct serviced_query* 
outnet_serviced_query(struct outside_network* outnet,
        uint8_t* qname, size_t qnamelen, uint16_t qtype, uint16_t qclass,
        uint16_t flags, int dnssec, int want_dnssec, int nocaps,
        int tcp_upstream, int ssl_upstream, struct sockaddr_storage* addr,
        socklen_t addrlen, uint8_t* zone, size_t zonelen,
        comm_point_callback_t* callback, void* callback_arg,
        sldns_buffer* buff)
{
        struct serviced_query* sq;
        struct service_callback* cb;
        serviced_gen_query(buff, qname, qnamelen, qtype, qclass, flags);
        sq = lookup_serviced(outnet, buff, dnssec, addr, addrlen);
        /* duplicate entries are included in the callback list, because
         * there is a counterpart registration by our caller that needs to
         * be doubly-removed (with callbacks perhaps). */
        if(!(cb = (struct service_callback*)malloc(sizeof(*cb))))
                return NULL;
        if(!sq) {
                /* make new serviced query entry */
                sq = serviced_create(outnet, buff, dnssec, want_dnssec, nocaps,
                        tcp_upstream, ssl_upstream, addr, addrlen, zone,
                        zonelen, (int)qtype);
                if(!sq) {
                        free(cb);
                        return NULL;
                }
                /* perform first network action */
                if(outnet->do_udp && !(tcp_upstream || ssl_upstream)) {
                        if(!serviced_udp_send(sq, buff)) {
                                (void)rbtree_delete(outnet->serviced, sq);
                                free(sq->qbuf);
                                free(sq->zone);
                                free(sq);
                                free(cb);
                                return NULL;
                        }
                } else {
                        if(!serviced_tcp_send(sq, buff)) {
                                (void)rbtree_delete(outnet->serviced, sq);
                                free(sq->qbuf);
                                free(sq->zone);
                                free(sq);
                                free(cb);
                                return NULL;
                        }
                }
        }
        /* add callback to list of callbacks */
        cb->cb = callback;
        cb->cb_arg = callback_arg;
        cb->next = sq->cblist;
        sq->cblist = cb;
        return sq;
}

/** remove callback from list */
static void
callback_list_remove(struct serviced_query* sq, void* cb_arg)
{
        struct service_callback** pp = &sq->cblist;
        while(*pp) {
                if((*pp)->cb_arg == cb_arg) {
                        struct service_callback* del = *pp;
                        *pp = del->next;
                        free(del);
                        return;
                }
                pp = &(*pp)->next;
        }
}

void outnet_serviced_query_stop(struct serviced_query* sq, void* cb_arg)
{
        if(!sq) 
                return;
        callback_list_remove(sq, cb_arg);
        /* if callbacks() routine scheduled deletion, let it do that */
        if(!sq->cblist && !sq->to_be_deleted) {
#ifdef UNBOUND_DEBUG
                rbnode_t* rem =
#else
                (void)
#endif
                rbtree_delete(sq->outnet->serviced, sq);
                log_assert(rem); /* should be present */
                serviced_delete(sq); 
        }
}

/** get memory used by waiting tcp entry (in use or not) */
static size_t
waiting_tcp_get_mem(struct waiting_tcp* w)
{
        size_t s;
        if(!w) return 0;
        s = sizeof(*w) + w->pkt_len;
        if(w->timer)
                s += comm_timer_get_mem(w->timer);
        return s;
}

/** get memory used by port if */
static size_t
if_get_mem(struct port_if* pif)
{
        size_t s;
        int i;
        s = sizeof(*pif) + sizeof(int)*pif->avail_total +
                sizeof(struct port_comm*)*pif->maxout;
        for(i=0; i<pif->inuse; i++)
                s += sizeof(*pif->out[i]) + 
                        comm_point_get_mem(pif->out[i]->cp);
        return s;
}

/** get memory used by waiting udp */
static size_t
waiting_udp_get_mem(struct pending* w)
{
        size_t s;
        s = sizeof(*w) + comm_timer_get_mem(w->timer) + w->pkt_len;
        return s;
}

size_t outnet_get_mem(struct outside_network* outnet)
{
        size_t i;
        int k;
        struct waiting_tcp* w;
        struct pending* u;
        struct serviced_query* sq;
        struct service_callback* sb;
        struct port_comm* pc;
        size_t s = sizeof(*outnet) + sizeof(*outnet->base) + 
                sizeof(*outnet->udp_buff) + 
                sldns_buffer_capacity(outnet->udp_buff);
        /* second buffer is not ours */
        for(pc = outnet->unused_fds; pc; pc = pc->next) {
                s += sizeof(*pc) + comm_point_get_mem(pc->cp);
        }
        for(k=0; k<outnet->num_ip4; k++)
                s += if_get_mem(&outnet->ip4_ifs[k]);
        for(k=0; k<outnet->num_ip6; k++)
                s += if_get_mem(&outnet->ip6_ifs[k]);
        for(u=outnet->udp_wait_first; u; u=u->next_waiting)
                s += waiting_udp_get_mem(u);
        
        s += sizeof(struct pending_tcp*)*outnet->num_tcp;
        for(i=0; i<outnet->num_tcp; i++) {
                s += sizeof(struct pending_tcp);
                s += comm_point_get_mem(outnet->tcp_conns[i]->c);
                if(outnet->tcp_conns[i]->query)
                        s += waiting_tcp_get_mem(outnet->tcp_conns[i]->query);
        }
        for(w=outnet->tcp_wait_first; w; w = w->next_waiting)
                s += waiting_tcp_get_mem(w);
        s += sizeof(*outnet->pending);
        s += (sizeof(struct pending) + comm_timer_get_mem(NULL)) * 
                outnet->pending->count;
        s += sizeof(*outnet->serviced);
        s += outnet->svcd_overhead;
        RBTREE_FOR(sq, struct serviced_query*, outnet->serviced) {
                s += sizeof(*sq) + sq->qbuflen;
                for(sb = sq->cblist; sb; sb = sb->next)
                        s += sizeof(*sb);
        }
        return s;
}

size_t 
serviced_get_mem(struct serviced_query* sq)
{
        struct service_callback* sb;
        size_t s;
        s = sizeof(*sq) + sq->qbuflen;
        for(sb = sq->cblist; sb; sb = sb->next)
                s += sizeof(*sb);
        if(sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS ||
                sq->status == serviced_query_UDP ||
                sq->status == serviced_query_PROBE_EDNS ||
                sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_FRAG ||
                sq->status == serviced_query_UDP_EDNS_fallback) {
                s += sizeof(struct pending);
                s += comm_timer_get_mem(NULL);
        } else {
                /* does not have size of the pkt pointer */
                /* always has a timer except on malloc failures */

                /* these sizes are part of the main outside network mem */
                /*
                s += sizeof(struct waiting_tcp);
                s += comm_timer_get_mem(NULL);
                */
        }
        return s;
}