icuSources/data/translit/si_si_FONIPA.txt

   1 # © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
   2 # License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html#License
   3 #
   4 # File: si_si_FONIPA.txt
   5 # Generated from CLDR
   6 #
   7
   8 # Sinhala pronunciation rules
   9 #
  10 # Output
  11 #     k ɡ ŋ ᵑɡ c ɟ ɲ ʈ ɖ ⁿɖ t d n ⁿd p b m ᵐb j r l w ʃ s h f
  12 #     ə əː a aː æ æː i iː u uː e eː o oː
  13 #
  14 # References
  15 # [1] Asanka Wasala, Ruvan Weerasinghe, and Kumudu Gamage:
  16 #     Sinhala Grapheme-to-Phoneme Conversion and Rules for Schwa Epenthesis.
  17 #     Proceedings of the COLING/ACL 2006 Main Conference Poster Sessions,
  18 #     pages 890–897. http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P06-2114
  19 # Simplify ya + yansaya to plain ya after a consonant.
  20 [\u0D9A-\u0DC6] \u0DCA (\u200D)? { ය\u0DCA‍ය → ය;
  21 # Delete ZWNJ and ZWJ to simplify further processing.
  22 \u200C → ;
  23 \u200D → ;
  24 # Insert a schwa after every consonant that is not followed by a dependent vowel
  25 # or virama.
  26 ::Null;
  27 ([\u0D9A-\u0DC6]) } [^\u0DCA-\u0DDF \u0DF2\u0DF3] → $1 ə;
  28 # Pronunciation rules proper.
  29 ::Null;
  30 # fප is an alternative spelling of ෆ.
  31 # This occurs e.g. in ඩේව\u0DD2ඩ\u0DCA කොපර\u0DCAfප\u0DD3ල\u0DCAඩ\u0DCA (David Copperfield)
  32 # [see http://bradshawofthefuture.blogspot.com/2013/02/f.html].
  33 [Ff]ප → f;
  34 # zස is seemingly the only way to unambiguously indicate a voiced /z/ sound.
  35 # This occurs in e.g. ඇල\u0DCAzසය\u0DD2ම' රෝගය (Alzheimer's disease)
  36 # [see https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/ඇල\u0DCAzසය\u0DD2ම%27_රෝගය]
  37 # or in zස\u0DD3බ\u0DCA‍රා (zebra) [see https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/‍zස\u0DD3බ\u0DCA‍රා].
  38 [Zz]ස → z;
  39 ං → ŋ;
  40 o → ŋ;  # common substitution for anusvaraya
  41 ඃ ([\u0D9A-\u0DC6]) → | $1 \u0DCA $1;  # TODO: check which consonants geminate
  42 ඃ → h;
  43 අ → a;
  44 ආ → aː;
  45 ඇ → æ;
  46 ඈ → æː;
  47 ඉ → i;
  48 ඊ → iː;
  49 උ → u;
  50 ඌ → uː;
  51 ඍ → ri;
  52 ඎ → ruː;
  53 ඏ → ilu;
  54 ඐ → iluː;
  55 එ → e;
  56 ඒ → eː;
  57 ඓ → aj;
  58 ඔ → o;
  59 ඕ → oː;
  60 ඖ → aw;  # TODO: check if this is correct
  61 ක → k;
  62 ඛ → k;
  63 ග → ɡ;
  64 ඝ → ɡ;
  65 ඞ → ŋ;
  66 ඟ → ᵑɡ;
  67 ච → c;
  68 ඡ → c;
  69 ජ → ɟ;
  70 ඣ → ɟ;
  71 ඤ → ɲ;
  72 ඥ → kɲ;  # TODO: double-check
  73 ඦ → ɟ;
  74 ට → ʈ;
  75 ඨ → ʈ;
  76 ඩ → ɖ;
  77 ඪ → ɖ;
  78 ණ → n;
  79 ඬ → ⁿɖ;
  80 ත → t;
  81 ථ → t;
  82 ද → d;
  83 ධ → d;
  84 න → n;
  85 ඳ → ⁿd;
  86 ප → p;
  87 ඵ → p;
  88 බ → b;
  89 භ → b;
  90 ම → m;
  91 ඹ → ᵐb;
  92 ය → j;
  93 ර → r;
  94 ල → l;
  95 ව → w;
  96 ශ → ʃ;
  97 ෂ → ʃ;
  98 ස → s;
  99 හ → h;
 100 ළ → l;
 101 ෆ → f;
 102 \u0DCA → ;  # delete virama
 103 ා → aː;
 104 ැ → æ;
 105 ෑ → æː;
 106 \u0DD2 → i;
 107 \u0DD3 → iː;
 108 \u0DD4 → u;
 109 \u0DD6 → uː;
 110 ෘ → ru;
 111 ෙ → e;
 112 ේ → eː;
 113 ෛ → aj;
 114 ො → o;
 115 ෝ → oː;
 116 ෞ → aw;  # TODO: check if this is correct
 117 ෟ → lu;
 118 ෲ → ruː;
 119 ෳ → luː;
 120 # Heuristics for turning /ə/ into /a/. Based on [1].
 121 $c=[k ɡ ŋ {ᵑɡ} c ɟ ɲ ʈ ɖ {ⁿɖ} t d n {ⁿd} p b m {ᵐb} j r l w ʃ s z h f];
 122 $s=[:^L:];
 123 # Rule #1
 124 ::Null;
 125 $s sv    { ə      → ə;  # exception (a)
 126 $s k     { ə } r  → ə;  # exception (b)
 127 $s $c    { ə } $s → ə;  # exception (c)
 128 $s $c $c { ə      → a;
 129 $s $c    { ə      → a;
 130 # Rule #2
 131 ::Null;
 132 $c r { ə } $c → a;  # clause (a) and (b)
 133 $c r { a } h  → a;  # clause (d), exception
 134 $c r { a } $c → ə;  # clause (c)
 135 # Rule #3
 136 # The paper is unclear about what this rule means. The interpretation here
 137 # assumes that "preceded" in the paper is a typo and should be read "followed".
 138 ::Null;
 139 [a e æ o ə] h { ə → a;
 140 # Rules #4 through #7
 141 ::Null;
 142 ə } $c $c     → a;  # Rule #4
 143 ə } [rbɖʈ] $s → ə;  # Rule #5 exception
 144 ə } $c     $s → a;  # Rule #5
 145 ə } ji     $s → a;  # Rule #6
 146 k { ə } [rl] u    → a;  # Rule #7
 147 # Rule #8
 148 # Note that the paper doesn't say explicitly that this rule should be
 149 # anchored at the beginning of a word, but the remarks before the rules
 150 # seem to imply this.
 151 ::Null;
 152 $s k { a } l[aeo]ːj   → ə;  # Typo in paper: /j/ was /y/.
 153 $s k { a } le[mh][ui] → ə;
 154 $s k { alə } h[ui]    → əle;
 155 $s k { a } lə         → ə;
 156 # Diphthongs
 157 ::Null;
 158 www+ → ww;  # යෞව\u0DCAවන
 159 [i {iː} e {eː} æ {æː} o {oː} a {aː}] { wu → w;
 160 əji → aj;
 161 iji → iː;  # perhaps: ij
 162 [u {uː} e {eː} æ {æː} o {oː} a {aː}] { ji → j;
 163