1 # ***************************************************************************
3 # * Copyright (C) 2004-2016, International Business Machines
4 # * Corporation; Unicode, Inc.; and others. All Rights Reserved.
6 # ***************************************************************************
7 # File: es_es_FONIPA.txt
11 # Tranformation from Spanish to Spanish in IPA transcription (es_FONIPA).
12 # Not fully phonemic, since we mark up allophonic variants of voiced stops,
13 # e.g. we break down /b/ into [b] and [β].
15 # See e.g. "Ortografía de la lengua española" by Real Academia Española,
16 # available in PDF format on the web (non-stable URL).
19 $bow = [-\ $] ; # Beginning of word.
20 $consonant = [bβdðfgɣʝklʎmnŋɲθprɾstʧx] ;
21 $syll = '.' ; # Syllable boundary.
33 # Word-initial cluster simplification.
35 $bow { ct → | t ; # ctónico (?)
36 $bow { cz → | z ; # czar
37 $bow { gn → | n ; # gnomo
38 $bow { mn → | n ; # mnemotécnico
39 $bow { ps → | s ; # psicología
40 $bow { pt → | t ; # pterodáctilo
41 $bow { x → | s ; # xilófono
48 $consonant { i } [ aáeé oóuú] → j ;
49 [aeo] { i } [^aáeé oóuú] → i\u032F ;
50 i } [ aáeé oóuú] → ʝ ;
54 [aeo] { y } [^aáeéiíoóuú] → i\u032F ;
55 y } [ aáeéiíoóuú] → ʝ ;
59 [aeo] { u } [^aáeéiíoó ] → u\u032F ;
60 u } [ aáeéiíoó ] → w ;
63 ü → u ; # Should not be needed, but just in case.
104 tx → ʧ ; # for loanwords from Basque, Catalan
108 x } h?[aáeéiíoóuú$] → ks ;
109 x } [^aáeéiíoóuú$] → s ;
115 # Second pass: phoneme-to-phone rules. Differentiation of /β/ into [b] and [β],
116 # place assimilation of [n], etc.
132 # Optional: Place assimilation of n before labial consonants.
136 # Optional: Voicing of [s].
139 # s } [gɣ][^ei] → z ;
140 # s } [mnɲŋlʎrɾ] → z ;
142 # Optional: Lenition of [k] before [θ].