[apple/icu.git] / icuSources / data / translit / si_si_FONIPA.txt

# ***************************************************************************
# *
# *  Copyright (C) 2004-2016, International Business Machines
# *  Corporation; Unicode, Inc.; and others.  All Rights Reserved.
# *
# ***************************************************************************
# File: si_si_FONIPA.txt
# Generated from CLDR 
#

# Sinhala pronunciation rules
#
# Output
#     k ɡ ŋ ᵑɡ c ɟ ɲ ʈ ɖ ⁿɖ t d n ⁿd p b m ᵐb j r l w ʃ s h f
#     ə əː a aː æ æː i iː u uː e eː o oː
#
# References
# [1] Asanka Wasala, Ruvan Weerasinghe, and Kumudu Gamage:
#     Sinhala Grapheme-to-Phoneme Conversion and Rules for Schwa Epenthesis.
#     Proceedings of the COLING/ACL 2006 Main Conference Poster Sessions,
#     pages 890–897. http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P06-2114
# Simplify ya + yansaya to plain ya after a consonant.
[\u0D9A-\u0DC6] \u0DCA (\u200D)? { ය\u0DCA‍ය → ය;
# Delete ZWNJ and ZWJ to simplify further processing.
\u200C → ;
\u200D → ;
# Insert a schwa after every consonant that is not followed by a dependent vowel
# or virama.
::Null;
([\u0D9A-\u0DC6]) } [^\u0DCA-\u0DDF \u0DF2\u0DF3] → $1 ə;
# Pronunciation rules proper.
::Null;
# fප is an alternative spelling of ෆ.
# This occurs e.g. in ඩේව\u0DD2ඩ\u0DCA කොපර\u0DCAfප\u0DD3ල\u0DCAඩ\u0DCA (David Copperfield)
# [see http://bradshawofthefuture.blogspot.com/2013/02/f.html].
[Ff]ප → f;
# zස is seemingly the only way to unambiguously indicate a voiced /z/ sound.
# This occurs in e.g. ඇල\u0DCAzසය\u0DD2ම' රෝගය (Alzheimer's disease)
# [see https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/ඇල\u0DCAzසය\u0DD2ම%27_රෝගය]
# or in zස\u0DD3බ\u0DCA‍රා (zebra) [see https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/‍zස\u0DD3බ\u0DCA‍රා].
[Zz]ස → z;
ං → ŋ;
o → ŋ;  # common substitution for anusvaraya
ඃ ([\u0D9A-\u0DC6]) → | $1 \u0DCA $1;  # TODO: check which consonants geminate
ඃ → h;
අ → a;
ආ → aː;
ඇ → æ;
ඈ → æː;
ඉ → i;
ඊ → iː;
උ → u;
ඌ → uː;
ඍ → ri;
ඎ → ruː;
ඏ → ilu;
ඐ → iluː;
එ → e;
ඒ → eː;
ඓ → aj;
ඔ → o;
ඕ → oː;
ඖ → aw;  # TODO: check if this is correct
ක → k;
ඛ → k;
ග → ɡ;
ඝ → ɡ;
ඞ → ŋ;
ඟ → ᵑɡ;
ච → c;
ඡ → c;
ජ → ɟ;
ඣ → ɟ;
ඤ → ɲ;
ඥ → kɲ;  # TODO: double-check
ඦ → ɟ;
ට → ʈ;
ඨ → ʈ;
ඩ → ɖ;
ඪ → ɖ;
ණ → n;
ඬ → ⁿɖ;
ත → t;
ථ → t;
ද → d;
ධ → d;
න → n;
ඳ → ⁿd;
ප → p;
ඵ → p;
බ → b;
භ → b;
ම → m;
ඹ → ᵐb;
ය → j;
ර → r;
ල → l;
ව → w;
ශ → ʃ;
ෂ → ʃ;
ස → s;
හ → h;
ළ → l;
ෆ → f;
\u0DCA → ;  # delete virama
ා → aː;
ැ → æ;
ෑ → æː;
\u0DD2 → i;
\u0DD3 → iː;
\u0DD4 → u;
\u0DD6 → uː;
ෘ → ru;
ෙ → e;
ේ → eː;
ෛ → aj;
ො → o;
ෝ → oː;
ෞ → aw;  # TODO: check if this is correct
ෟ → lu;
ෲ → ruː;
ෳ → luː;
# Heuristics for turning /ə/ into /a/. Based on [1].
$c=[k ɡ ŋ {ᵑɡ} c ɟ ɲ ʈ ɖ {ⁿɖ} t d n {ⁿd} p b m {ᵐb} j r l w ʃ s z h f];
$s=[:^L:];
# Rule #1
::Null;
$s sv    { ə      → ə;  # exception (a)
$s k     { ə } r  → ə;  # exception (b)
$s $c    { ə } $s → ə;  # exception (c)
$s $c $c { ə      → a;
$s $c    { ə      → a;
# Rule #2
::Null;
$c r { ə } $c → a;  # clause (a) and (b)
$c r { a } h  → a;  # clause (d), exception
$c r { a } $c → ə;  # clause (c)
# Rule #3
# The paper is unclear about what this rule means. The interpretation here
# assumes that "preceded" in the paper is a typo and should be read "followed".
::Null;
[a e æ o ə] h { ə → a;
# Rules #4 through #7
::Null;
ə } $c $c     → a;  # Rule #4
ə } [rbɖʈ] $s → ə;  # Rule #5 exception
ə } $c     $s → a;  # Rule #5
ə } ji     $s → a;  # Rule #6
k { ə } [rl] u    → a;  # Rule #7
# Rule #8
# Note that the paper doesn't say explicitly that this rule should be
# anchored at the beginning of a word, but the remarks before the rules
# seem to imply this.
::Null;
$s k { a } l[aeo]ːj   → ə;  # Typo in paper: /j/ was /y/.
$s k { a } le[mh][ui] → ə;
$s k { alə } h[ui]    → əle;
$s k { a } lə         → ə;
# Diphthongs
::Null;
www+ → ww;  # යෞව\u0DCAවන
[i {iː} e {eː} æ {æː} o {oː} a {aː}] { wu → w;
əji → aj;
iji → iː;  # perhaps: ij
[u {uː} e {eː} æ {æː} o {oː} a {aː}] { ji → j;
Commit	Line	Data
2ca993e8 A	1	# ***************************************************************************
	2	# *
	3	# * Copyright (C) 2004-2016, International Business Machines
	4	# * Corporation; Unicode, Inc.; and others. All Rights Reserved.
	5	# *
	6	# ***************************************************************************
	7	# File: si_si_FONIPA.txt
	8	# Generated from CLDR
	9	#
	10
	11	# Sinhala pronunciation rules
	12	#
	13	# Output
	14	# k ɡ ŋ ᵑɡ c ɟ ɲ ʈ ɖ ⁿɖ t d n ⁿd p b m ᵐb j r l w ʃ s h f
	15	# ə əː a aː æ æː i iː u uː e eː o oː
	16	#
	17	# References
	18	# [1] Asanka Wasala, Ruvan Weerasinghe, and Kumudu Gamage:
	19	# Sinhala Grapheme-to-Phoneme Conversion and Rules for Schwa Epenthesis.
	20	# Proceedings of the COLING/ACL 2006 Main Conference Poster Sessions,
	21	# pages 890–897. http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P06-2114
	22	# Simplify ya + yansaya to plain ya after a consonant.
	23	[\u0D9A-\u0DC6] \u0DCA (\u200D)? { ය\u0DCA‍ය → ය;
	24	# Delete ZWNJ and ZWJ to simplify further processing.
	25	\u200C → ;
	26	\u200D → ;
	27	# Insert a schwa after every consonant that is not followed by a dependent vowel
	28	# or virama.
	29	::Null;
	30	([\u0D9A-\u0DC6]) } [^\u0DCA-\u0DDF \u0DF2\u0DF3] → $1 ə;
	31	# Pronunciation rules proper.
	32	::Null;
	33	# fප is an alternative spelling of ෆ.
	34	# This occurs e.g. in ඩේව\u0DD2ඩ\u0DCA කොපර\u0DCAfප\u0DD3ල\u0DCAඩ\u0DCA (David Copperfield)
	35	# [see http://bradshawofthefuture.blogspot.com/2013/02/f.html].
	36	[Ff]ප → f;
	37	# zස is seemingly the only way to unambiguously indicate a voiced /z/ sound.
	38	# This occurs in e.g. ඇල\u0DCAzසය\u0DD2ම' රෝගය (Alzheimer's disease)
	39	# [see https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/ඇල\u0DCAzසය\u0DD2ම%27_රෝගය]
	40	# or in zස\u0DD3බ\u0DCA‍රා (zebra) [see https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/‍zස\u0DD3බ\u0DCA‍රා].
	41	[Zz]ස → z;
	42	ං → ŋ;
	43	o → ŋ; # common substitution for anusvaraya
	44	ඃ ([\u0D9A-\u0DC6]) → \| $1 \u0DCA $1; # TODO: check which consonants geminate
	45	ඃ → h;
	46	අ → a;
	47	ආ → aː;
	48	ඇ → æ;
	49	ඈ → æː;
	50	ඉ → i;
	51	ඊ → iː;
	52	උ → u;
	53	ඌ → uː;
	54	ඍ → ri;
	55	ඎ → ruː;
	56	ඏ → ilu;
	57	ඐ → iluː;
	58	එ → e;
	59	ඒ → eː;
	60	ඓ → aj;
	61	ඔ → o;
	62	ඕ → oː;
	63	ඖ → aw; # TODO: check if this is correct
	64	ක → k;
65	ඛ → k;
66	ග → ɡ;
67	ඝ → ɡ;
68	ඞ → ŋ;
69	ඟ → ᵑɡ;
70	ච → c;
71	ඡ → c;
72	ජ → ɟ;
73	ඣ → ɟ;
74	ඤ → ɲ;
75	ඥ → kɲ; # TODO: double-check
76	ඦ → ɟ;
77	ට → ʈ;
78	ඨ → ʈ;
79	ඩ → ɖ;
80	ඪ → ɖ;
81	ණ → n;
82	ඬ → ⁿɖ;
83	ත → t;
84	ථ → t;
85	ද → d;
86	ධ → d;
87	න → n;
88	ඳ → ⁿd;
89	ප → p;
90	ඵ → p;
91	බ → b;
92	භ → b;
93	ම → m;
94	ඹ → ᵐb;
95	ය → j;
96	ර → r;
97	ල → l;
98	ව → w;
99	ශ → ʃ;
100	ෂ → ʃ;
101	ස → s;
102	හ → h;
103	ළ → l;
104	ෆ → f;
105	\u0DCA → ; # delete virama
106	ා → aː;
107	ැ → æ;
108	ෑ → æː;
109	\u0DD2 → i;
110	\u0DD3 → iː;
111	\u0DD4 → u;
112	\u0DD6 → uː;
113	ෘ → ru;
114	ෙ → e;
115	ේ → eː;
116	ෛ → aj;
117	ො → o;
118	ෝ → oː;
119	ෞ → aw; # TODO: check if this is correct
120	ෟ → lu;
121	ෲ → ruː;
122	ෳ → luː;
123	# Heuristics for turning /ə/ into /a/. Based on [1].
124	$c=[k ɡ ŋ {ᵑɡ} c ɟ ɲ ʈ ɖ {ⁿɖ} t d n {ⁿd} p b m {ᵐb} j r l w ʃ s z h f];
125	$s=[:^L:];
126	# Rule #1
127	::Null;
128	$s sv { ə → ə; # exception (a)
129	$s k { ə } r → ə; # exception (b)
130	$s $c { ə } $s → ə; # exception (c)
131	$s $c $c { ə → a;
132	$s $c { ə → a;
133	# Rule #2
134	::Null;
135	$c r { ə } $c → a; # clause (a) and (b)
136	$c r { a } h → a; # clause (d), exception
137	$c r { a } $c → ə; # clause (c)
138	# Rule #3
139	# The paper is unclear about what this rule means. The interpretation here
140	# assumes that "preceded" in the paper is a typo and should be read "followed".
141	::Null;
142	[a e æ o ə] h { ə → a;
143	# Rules #4 through #7
144	::Null;
145	ə } $c $c → a; # Rule #4
146	ə } [rbɖʈ] $s → ə; # Rule #5 exception
147	ə } $c $s → a; # Rule #5
148	ə } ji $s → a; # Rule #6
149	k { ə } [rl] u → a; # Rule #7
150	# Rule #8
151	# Note that the paper doesn't say explicitly that this rule should be
152	# anchored at the beginning of a word, but the remarks before the rules
153	# seem to imply this.
154	::Null;
155	$s k { a } l[aeo]ːj → ə; # Typo in paper: /j/ was /y/.
156	$s k { a } le[mh][ui] → ə;
157	$s k { alə } h[ui] → əle;
158	$s k { a } lə → ə;
159	# Diphthongs
160	::Null;
161	www+ → ww; # යෞව\u0DCAවන
162	[i {iː} e {eː} æ {æː} o {oː} a {aː}] { wu → w;
163	əji → aj;
164	iji → iː; # perhaps: ij
165	[u {uː} e {eː} æ {æː} o {oː} a {aː}] { ji → j;
166