+ static uid_t euid = -1;
+ static int ngroups = -1;
+ gid_t groups[NGROUPS_MAX];
+
+ /* Check for chown without being root. */
+ if (errno != EPERM || (uid != (uid_t)-1 &&
+ euid == (uid_t)-1 && (euid = geteuid()) != 0)) {
+ warn("%s", file);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Check group membership; kernel just returns EPERM. */
+ if (gid != (gid_t)-1 && ngroups == -1 &&
+ euid == (uid_t)-1 && (euid = geteuid()) != 0) {
+ ngroups = getgroups(NGROUPS_MAX, groups);
+ while (--ngroups >= 0 && gid != groups[ngroups]);
+ if (ngroups < 0) {
+ warnx("you are not a member of group %s", gname);
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ warn("%s", file);
+}
+
+void
+usage(void)
+{
+
+ if (ischown)
+ (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n",
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+ "usage: chown [-fhnv] [-R [-H | -L | -P]] owner[:group]"
+ " file ...",
+ " chown [-fhnv] [-R [-H | -L | -P]] :group file ...");
+#else
+ "usage: chown [-fhv] [-R [-H | -L | -P]] owner[:group]"
+ " file ...",
+ " chown [-fhv] [-R [-H | -L | -P]] :group file ...");
+#endif
+ else
+ (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n",
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+ "usage: chgrp [-fhnv] [-R [-H | -L | -P]] group file ...");
+#else
+ "usage: chgrp [-fhv] [-R [-H | -L | -P]] group file ...");
+#endif