]> git.saurik.com Git - apple/xnu.git/blobdiff - iokit/Kernel/IOMemoryDescriptor.cpp
xnu-4903.221.2.tar.gz
[apple/xnu.git] / iokit / Kernel / IOMemoryDescriptor.cpp
index 0c77443861c05e2b02c8ac46dd5ffafc0181b486..3c1c4674b3a38e06bac1bd645fd970b99de7e1a1 100644 (file)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998-2007 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
  *
  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
  * 
  * 
  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
  */
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 1998 Apple Computer, Inc.  All rights reserved. 
- *
- * HISTORY
- *
- */
 
 
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
 #include <IOKit/IODMACommand.h>
 #include <IOKit/IOKitKeysPrivate.h>
 
-#ifndef __LP64__
 #include <IOKit/IOSubMemoryDescriptor.h>
-#endif /* !__LP64__ */
+#include <IOKit/IOMultiMemoryDescriptor.h>
 
 #include <IOKit/IOKitDebug.h>
 #include <libkern/OSDebug.h>
+#include <libkern/OSKextLibPrivate.h>
 
 #include "IOKitKernelInternal.h"
 
@@ -57,6 +51,7 @@
 #include <libkern/c++/OSArray.h>
 #include <libkern/c++/OSSymbol.h>
 #include <libkern/c++/OSNumber.h>
+#include <os/overflow.h>
 
 #include <sys/uio.h>
 
@@ -74,20 +69,6 @@ __BEGIN_DECLS
 extern ppnum_t pmap_find_phys(pmap_t pmap, addr64_t va);
 extern void ipc_port_release_send(ipc_port_t port);
 
-kern_return_t
-memory_object_iopl_request(
-       ipc_port_t              port,
-       memory_object_offset_t  offset,
-       vm_size_t               *upl_size,
-       upl_t                   *upl_ptr,
-       upl_page_info_array_t   user_page_list,
-       unsigned int            *page_list_count,
-       int                     *flags);
-
-// osfmk/device/iokit_rpc.c
-unsigned int IODefaultCacheBits(addr64_t pa);
-unsigned int  IOTranslateCacheBits(struct phys_entry *pp);
-
 __END_DECLS
 
 #define kIOMapperWaitSystem    ((IOMapper *) 1)
@@ -120,8 +101,6 @@ static IORecursiveLock * gIOMemoryLock;
 #define DEBG(fmt, args...)     {}
 #endif
 
-#define IOMD_DEBUG_DMAACTIVE   1
-
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
 
 // Some data structures and accessor macros used by the initWithOptions
@@ -147,22 +126,34 @@ struct ioPLBlock {
     unsigned int fFlags;           // Flags
 };
 
-struct ioGMDData {
+enum { kMaxWireTags = 6 };
+
+struct ioGMDData
+{
     IOMapper *  fMapper;
-    uint8_t    fDMAMapNumAddressBits;
     uint64_t    fDMAMapAlignment;
-    addr64_t    fMappedBase;
-    uint64_t fPreparationID;
-    unsigned int fPageCnt;
-    unsigned char fDiscontig:1;
-    unsigned char fCompletionError:1;
-    unsigned char _resv:6;
+    uint64_t    fMappedBase;
+    uint64_t    fMappedLength;
+    uint64_t    fPreparationID;
+#if IOTRACKING
+    IOTracking  fWireTracking;
+#endif /* IOTRACKING */
+    unsigned int      fPageCnt;
+    uint8_t          fDMAMapNumAddressBits;
+    unsigned char     fDiscontig:1;
+    unsigned char     fCompletionError:1;
+    unsigned char     fMappedBaseValid:1;
+    unsigned char     _resv:3;
+    unsigned char     fDMAAccess:2;
+
+    /* variable length arrays */
+    upl_page_info_t fPageList[1]
 #if __LP64__
-    // align arrays to 8 bytes so following macros work
-    unsigned char fPad[3];
+                                // align fPageList as for ioPLBlock
+                                __attribute__((aligned(sizeof(upl_t))))
 #endif
-    upl_page_info_t fPageList[1]; /* variable length */
-    ioPLBlock fBlocks[1]; /* variable length */
+    ;
+    ioPLBlock fBlocks[1];
 };
 
 #define getDataP(osd)  ((ioGMDData *) (osd)->getBytesNoCopy())
@@ -173,6 +164,8 @@ struct ioGMDData {
 #define computeDataSize(p, u) \
     (offsetof(ioGMDData, fPageList) + p * sizeof(upl_page_info_t) + u * sizeof(ioPLBlock))
 
+enum { kIOMemoryHostOrRemote = kIOMemoryHostOnly | kIOMemoryRemote };
+
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
 
 #define next_page(a) ( trunc_page(a) + PAGE_SIZE )
@@ -271,12 +264,20 @@ purgeableControlBits(IOOptionBits newState, vm_purgable_t * control, int * state
            *state = VM_PURGABLE_VOLATILE | (newState & ~kIOMemoryPurgeableControlMask);
            break;
        case kIOMemoryPurgeableEmpty:
-           *state = VM_PURGABLE_EMPTY;
+           *state = VM_PURGABLE_EMPTY | (newState & ~kIOMemoryPurgeableControlMask);
            break;
        default:
            err = kIOReturnBadArgument;
            break;
     }
+
+    if (*control == VM_PURGABLE_SET_STATE) {
+       // let VM know this call is from the kernel and is allowed to alter
+       // the volatility of the memory entry even if it was created with
+       // MAP_MEM_PURGABLE_KERNEL_ONLY
+       *control = VM_PURGABLE_SET_STATE_FROM_KERNEL;
+    }
+
     return (err);
 }
 
@@ -331,6 +332,10 @@ vmProtForCacheMode(IOOptionBits cacheMode)
            SET_MAP_MEM(MAP_MEM_INNERWBACK, prot);
            break;
 
+       case kIOPostedWrite:
+           SET_MAP_MEM(MAP_MEM_POSTED, prot);
+           break;
+
        case kIODefaultCache:
        default:
            SET_MAP_MEM(MAP_MEM_NOOP, prot);
@@ -366,6 +371,10 @@ pagerFlagsForCacheMode(IOOptionBits cacheMode)
            pagerFlags = DEVICE_PAGER_COHERENT;
            break;
 
+       case kIOPostedWrite:
+           pagerFlags = DEVICE_PAGER_CACHE_INHIB |  DEVICE_PAGER_COHERENT | DEVICE_PAGER_GUARDED | DEVICE_PAGER_EARLY_ACK;
+           break;
+
        case kIODefaultCache:
        default:
            pagerFlags = -1U;
@@ -386,17 +395,19 @@ struct IOMemoryEntry
 
 struct IOMemoryReference
 {
-    volatile SInt32 refCount;
-    vm_prot_t       prot;
-    uint32_t        capacity;
-    uint32_t        count;
-    IOMemoryEntry   entries[0];
+    volatile SInt32             refCount;
+    vm_prot_t                   prot;
+    uint32_t                    capacity;
+    uint32_t                    count;
+    struct IOMemoryReference  * mapRef;
+    IOMemoryEntry               entries[0];
 };
 
 enum
 {
     kIOMemoryReferenceReuse = 0x00000001,
     kIOMemoryReferenceWrite = 0x00000002,
+    kIOMemoryReferenceCOW   = 0x00000004,
 };
 
 SInt32 gIOMemoryReferenceCount;
@@ -438,6 +449,12 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceFree(IOMemoryReference * ref)
     IOMemoryEntry * entries;
     size_t          size;
 
+    if (ref->mapRef)
+    {
+       memoryReferenceFree(ref->mapRef);
+       ref->mapRef = 0;
+    }
+
     entries = ref->entries + ref->count;
     while (entries > &ref->entries[0])
     {
@@ -484,19 +501,27 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceCreate(
     IOOptionBits         type = (_flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask);
     IOOptionBits         cacheMode;
     unsigned int        pagerFlags;
+    vm_tag_t             tag;
 
     ref = memoryReferenceAlloc(kCapacity, NULL);
     if (!ref) return (kIOReturnNoMemory);
+
+    tag = getVMTag(kernel_map);
     entries = &ref->entries[0];
     count = 0;
+    err = KERN_SUCCESS;
 
     offset = 0;
     rangeIdx = 0;
-    if (_task) getAddrLenForInd(nextAddr, nextLen, type, _ranges, rangeIdx);
+    if (_task)
+    {
+        getAddrLenForInd(nextAddr, nextLen, type, _ranges, rangeIdx);
+    }
     else
     {
         nextAddr = getPhysicalSegment(offset, &physLen, kIOMemoryMapperNone);
         nextLen = physLen;
+
        // default cache mode for physical
        if (kIODefaultCache == ((_flags & kIOMemoryBufferCacheMask) >> kIOMemoryBufferCacheShift))
        {
@@ -504,7 +529,9 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceCreate(
            pagerFlags = IODefaultCacheBits(nextAddr);
            if (DEVICE_PAGER_CACHE_INHIB & pagerFlags)
            {
-               if (DEVICE_PAGER_GUARDED & pagerFlags)
+               if (DEVICE_PAGER_EARLY_ACK & pagerFlags)
+                   mode = kIOPostedWrite;
+               else if (DEVICE_PAGER_GUARDED & pagerFlags)
                    mode = kIOInhibitCache;
                else
                    mode = kIOWriteCombineCache;
@@ -525,6 +552,7 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceCreate(
     if (kIODefaultCache != cacheMode)                    prot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
     if (kIODirectionOut != (kIODirectionOutIn & _flags)) prot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
     if (kIOMemoryReferenceWrite & options)               prot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
+    if (kIOMemoryReferenceCOW   & options)               prot |= MAP_MEM_VM_COPY;
 
     if ((kIOMemoryReferenceReuse & options) && _memRef)
     {
@@ -540,7 +568,16 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceCreate(
        {
            // IOBufferMemoryDescriptor alloc - set flags for entry + object create
            prot |= MAP_MEM_NAMED_CREATE;
-           if (kIOMemoryBufferPurgeable & _flags) prot |= MAP_MEM_PURGABLE;
+           if (kIOMemoryBufferPurgeable & _flags)
+           {
+               prot |= (MAP_MEM_PURGABLE | MAP_MEM_PURGABLE_KERNEL_ONLY);
+               if (VM_KERN_MEMORY_SKYWALK == tag)
+               {
+                   prot |= MAP_MEM_LEDGER_TAG_NETWORK;
+               }
+           }
+           if (kIOMemoryUseReserve & _flags)      prot |= MAP_MEM_GRAB_SECLUDED;
+
            prot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
            map = NULL;
        }
@@ -575,7 +612,7 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceCreate(
                    else                                                  prot &= ~MAP_MEM_NAMED_REUSE;
                }
 
-               err = mach_make_memory_entry_64(map,
+               err = mach_make_memory_entry_internal(map,
                        &actualSize, entryAddr, prot, &entry, cloneEntry);
 
                if (KERN_SUCCESS != err) break;
@@ -607,7 +644,7 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceCreate(
     }
     else
     {
-       // _task == 0, physical
+        // _task == 0, physical or kIOMemoryTypeUPL
        memory_object_t pager;
         vm_size_t       size = ptoa_32(_pages);
 
@@ -647,6 +684,13 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceCreate(
     ref->count = count;
     ref->prot  = prot;
 
+    if (_task && (KERN_SUCCESS == err)
+      && (kIOMemoryMapCopyOnWrite & _flags)
+      && !(kIOMemoryReferenceCOW & options))
+    {
+        err = memoryReferenceCreate(options | kIOMemoryReferenceCOW, &ref->mapRef);
+    }
+
     if (KERN_SUCCESS == err)
     {
        if (MAP_MEM_NAMED_REUSE & prot)
@@ -667,16 +711,7 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceCreate(
     return (err);
 }
 
-struct IOMemoryDescriptorMapAllocRef
-{
-    vm_map_t          map;
-    mach_vm_address_t mapped;
-    mach_vm_size_t    size;
-    vm_prot_t         prot;
-    IOOptionBits      options;
-};
-
-static kern_return_t 
+kern_return_t 
 IOMemoryDescriptorMapAlloc(vm_map_t map, void * _ref)
 {
     IOMemoryDescriptorMapAllocRef * ref = (typeof(ref))_ref;
@@ -684,13 +719,14 @@ IOMemoryDescriptorMapAlloc(vm_map_t map, void * _ref)
     vm_map_offset_t                addr;
 
     addr = ref->mapped;
+
     err = vm_map_enter_mem_object(map, &addr, ref->size,
                                  (vm_map_offset_t) 0,
                                  (((ref->options & kIOMapAnywhere)
                                    ? VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE
-                                   : VM_FLAGS_FIXED)
-                                  | VM_MAKE_TAG(VM_MEMORY_IOKIT)
-                                  | VM_FLAGS_IOKIT_ACCT), /* iokit accounting */
+                                   : VM_FLAGS_FIXED)),
+                                 VM_MAP_KERNEL_FLAGS_NONE,
+                                 ref->tag,
                                  IPC_PORT_NULL,
                                  (memory_object_offset_t) 0,
                                  false, /* copy */
@@ -721,21 +757,27 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceMap(
     vm_map_offset_t addr, mapAddr;
     vm_map_offset_t pageOffset, entryOffset, remain, chunk;
 
-    mach_vm_address_t srcAddr, nextAddr;
-    mach_vm_size_t    srcLen, nextLen;
+    mach_vm_address_t nextAddr;
+    mach_vm_size_t    nextLen;
     IOByteCount       physLen;
     IOMemoryEntry   * entry;
     vm_prot_t         prot, memEntryCacheMode;
     IOOptionBits      type;
     IOOptionBits      cacheMode;
+    vm_tag_t          tag;
+    // for the kIOMapPrefault option.
+    upl_page_info_t * pageList = NULL;
+    UInt              currentPageIndex = 0;
+    bool              didAlloc;
 
-    /*
-     * For the kIOMapPrefault option.
-     */
-    upl_page_info_t *pageList = NULL;
-    UInt currentPageIndex = 0;
+    if (ref->mapRef)
+    {
+       err = memoryReferenceMap(ref->mapRef, map, inoffset, size, options, inaddr);
+       return (err);
+    }
 
     type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
+
     prot = VM_PROT_READ;
     if (!(kIOMapReadOnly & options)) prot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
     prot &= ref->prot;
@@ -747,9 +789,12 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceMap(
        memEntryCacheMode = (MAP_MEM_ONLY | VM_PROT_WRITE | prot | vmProtForCacheMode(cacheMode));
     }
 
+    tag = getVMTag(map);
+
     if (_task)
     {
        // Find first range for offset
+        if (!_rangesCount) return (kIOReturnBadArgument);
        for (remain = offset, rangeIdx = 0; rangeIdx < _rangesCount; rangeIdx++)
        {
            getAddrLenForInd(nextAddr, nextLen, type, _ranges, rangeIdx);
@@ -771,7 +816,9 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceMap(
     nextAddr  += remain;
     nextLen   -= remain;
     pageOffset = (page_mask & nextAddr);
-    addr = 0;
+    addr       = 0;
+    didAlloc   = false;
+
     if (!(options & kIOMapAnywhere))
     {
         addr = *inaddr;
@@ -788,9 +835,19 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceMap(
 
     // allocate VM
     size = round_page_64(size + pageOffset);
+    if (kIOMapOverwrite & options)
+    {
+        if ((map == kernel_map) && (kIOMemoryBufferPageable & _flags))
+        {
+            map = IOPageableMapForAddress(addr);
+        }
+        err = KERN_SUCCESS;
+    }
+    else
     {
        IOMemoryDescriptorMapAllocRef ref;
        ref.map     = map;
+       ref.tag     = tag;
        ref.options = options;
        ref.size    = size;
        ref.prot    = prot;
@@ -799,37 +856,45 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceMap(
            ref.mapped = 0;
        else
            ref.mapped = addr;
-
        if ((ref.map == kernel_map) && (kIOMemoryBufferPageable & _flags))
            err = IOIteratePageableMaps( ref.size, &IOMemoryDescriptorMapAlloc, &ref );
        else
            err = IOMemoryDescriptorMapAlloc(ref.map, &ref);
        if (KERN_SUCCESS == err)
        {
-           addr = ref.mapped;
-           map  = ref.map;
+           addr     = ref.mapped;
+           map      = ref.map;
+           didAlloc = true;
        }
     }
 
+    /*
+     * If the memory is associated with a device pager but doesn't have a UPL,
+     * it will be immediately faulted in through the pager via populateDevicePager().
+     * kIOMapPrefault is redundant in that case, so don't try to use it for UPL
+     * operations.
+     */ 
+    if ((reserved != NULL) && (reserved->dp.devicePager) && (_wireCount != 0))
+        options &= ~kIOMapPrefault;
+
     /*
      * Prefaulting is only possible if we wired the memory earlier. Check the
      * memory type, and the underlying data.
      */
-    if (options & kIOMapPrefault) {
+    if (options & kIOMapPrefault)
+    {
         /*
          * The memory must have been wired by calling ::prepare(), otherwise
          * we don't have the UPL. Without UPLs, pages cannot be pre-faulted
          */
-        assert(map != kernel_map);
         assert(_wireCount != 0);
         assert(_memoryEntries != NULL);
-        if ((map == kernel_map) ||
-            (_wireCount == 0) ||
+        if ((_wireCount == 0) ||
             (_memoryEntries == NULL))
         {
             return kIOReturnBadArgument;
         }
-        
+
         // Get the page list.
         ioGMDData* dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
         ioPLBlock const* ioplList = getIOPLList(dataP);
@@ -871,22 +936,9 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceMap(
     remain  = size;
     mapAddr = addr;
     addr    += pageOffset;
-    while (remain && nextLen && (KERN_SUCCESS == err))
-    {
-       srcAddr  = nextAddr;
-       srcLen   = nextLen;
-       nextAddr = 0;
-       nextLen  = 0;
-       // coalesce addr range
-       for (++rangeIdx; rangeIdx < _rangesCount; rangeIdx++)
-       {
-           getAddrLenForInd(nextAddr, nextLen, type, _ranges, rangeIdx);
-           if ((srcAddr + srcLen) != nextAddr) break;
-           srcLen += nextLen;
-       }
 
-        while (srcLen && (KERN_SUCCESS == err))
-        {
+    while (remain && (KERN_SUCCESS == err))
+    {
             entryOffset = offset - entry->offset;
             if ((page_mask & entryOffset) != pageOffset) 
             {
@@ -907,17 +959,23 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceMap(
             chunk = entry->size - entryOffset;
             if (chunk)
             {
-                if (chunk > remain) chunk = remain;
+               vm_map_kernel_flags_t vmk_flags;
 
-                if (options & kIOMapPrefault) {
+               vmk_flags = VM_MAP_KERNEL_FLAGS_NONE;
+               vmk_flags.vmkf_iokit_acct = TRUE; /* iokit accounting */
+
+                if (chunk > remain) chunk = remain;
+               if (options & kIOMapPrefault) 
+               {
                     UInt nb_pages = round_page(chunk) / PAGE_SIZE;
+
                     err = vm_map_enter_mem_object_prefault(map,
                                                            &mapAddr,
                                                            chunk, 0 /* mask */, 
-                                                            (VM_FLAGS_FIXED
-                                                           | VM_FLAGS_OVERWRITE
-                                                           | VM_MAKE_TAG(VM_MEMORY_IOKIT)
-                                                           | VM_FLAGS_IOKIT_ACCT), /* iokit accounting */
+                                                          (VM_FLAGS_FIXED
+                                                           | VM_FLAGS_OVERWRITE),
+                                                          vmk_flags,
+                                                          tag,
                                                            entry->entry,
                                                            entryOffset,
                                                            prot, // cur
@@ -928,14 +986,16 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceMap(
                     // Compute the next index in the page list.
                     currentPageIndex += nb_pages;
                     assert(currentPageIndex <= _pages);
-                } else {
+               } 
+               else 
+               {
                     err = vm_map_enter_mem_object(map,
                                                   &mapAddr,
                                                   chunk, 0 /* mask */, 
                                                    (VM_FLAGS_FIXED
-                                                  | VM_FLAGS_OVERWRITE
-                                                  | VM_MAKE_TAG(VM_MEMORY_IOKIT)
-                                                  | VM_FLAGS_IOKIT_ACCT), /* iokit accounting */
+                                                   | VM_FLAGS_OVERWRITE),
+                                                 vmk_flags,
+                                                 tag,
                                                   entry->entry,
                                                   entryOffset,
                                                   false, // copy
@@ -943,7 +1003,6 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceMap(
                                                   prot, // max
                                                   VM_INHERIT_NONE);
                 }
-
                 if (KERN_SUCCESS != err) break;
                 remain -= chunk;
                 if (!remain) break;
@@ -959,9 +1018,8 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceMap(
                 break;
             }
         }
-    }
 
-    if ((KERN_SUCCESS != err) && addr)
+    if ((KERN_SUCCESS != err) && didAlloc)
     {
         (void) mach_vm_deallocate(map, trunc_page_64(addr), size);
         addr = 0;
@@ -983,6 +1041,7 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceGetPageCounts(
     unsigned int totalResident, totalDirty;
 
     totalResident = totalDirty = 0;
+    err = kIOReturnSuccess;
     entries = ref->entries + ref->count;
     while (entries > &ref->entries[0])
     {
@@ -1009,15 +1068,16 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceSetPurgeable(
     vm_purgable_t   control;
     int             totalState, state;
 
-    entries = ref->entries + ref->count;
     totalState = kIOMemoryPurgeableNonVolatile;
+    err = kIOReturnSuccess;
+    entries = ref->entries + ref->count;
     while (entries > &ref->entries[0])
     {
         entries--;
 
        err = purgeableControlBits(newState, &control, &state);
        if (KERN_SUCCESS != err) break;
-       err = mach_memory_entry_purgable_control(entries->entry, control, &state);
+       err = memory_entry_purgeable_control_internal(entries->entry, control, &state);
        if (KERN_SUCCESS != err) break;
        err = purgeableStateBits(&state);
        if (KERN_SUCCESS != err) break;
@@ -1188,7 +1248,7 @@ IOMemoryDescriptor::withSubRange(IOMemoryDescriptor *     of,
                                IOByteCount             length,
                                IODirection             direction)
 {
-    return (IOSubMemoryDescriptor::withSubRange(of, offset, length, direction | kIOMemoryThreadSafe));
+    return (IOSubMemoryDescriptor::withSubRange(of, offset, length, direction));
 }
 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
 
@@ -1444,7 +1504,7 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithOptions(void * buffers,
     }
 
     // Grab the appropriate mapper
-    if (kIOMemoryHostOnly & options) options |= kIOMemoryMapperNone;
+    if (kIOMemoryHostOrRemote & options) options |= kIOMemoryMapperNone;
     if (kIOMemoryMapperNone & options)
         mapper = 0;    // No Mapper
     else if (mapper == kIOMapperSystem) {
@@ -1452,12 +1512,6 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithOptions(void *        buffers,
         gIOSystemMapper = mapper = IOMapper::gSystem;
     }
 
-    // Temp binary compatibility for kIOMemoryThreadSafe
-    if (kIOMemoryReserved6156215 & options)
-    {
-       options &= ~kIOMemoryReserved6156215;
-       options |= kIOMemoryThreadSafe;
-    }
     // Remove the dynamic internal use flags from the initial setting
     options              &= ~(kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly);
     _flags                = options;
@@ -1467,6 +1521,7 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithOptions(void * buffers,
     _direction             = (IODirection) (_flags & kIOMemoryDirectionMask);
 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
 
+    _dmaReferences = 0;
     __iomd_reservedA = 0;
     __iomd_reservedB = 0;
     _highestPage = 0;
@@ -1490,7 +1545,20 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithOptions(void *        buffers,
         if (!initMemoryEntries(dataSize, mapper)) return (false);
         dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
         dataP->fPageCnt = 0;
-
+       switch (kIOMemoryDirectionMask & options)
+       {
+           case kIODirectionOut:
+               dataP->fDMAAccess = kIODMAMapReadAccess;
+               break;
+           case kIODirectionIn:
+               dataP->fDMAAccess = kIODMAMapWriteAccess;
+               break;
+           case kIODirectionNone:
+           case kIODirectionOutIn:
+           default:
+               panic("bad dir for upl 0x%x\n", (int) options);
+               break;
+       }
  //       _wireCount++;        // UPLs start out life wired
 
         _length    = count;
@@ -1549,7 +1617,9 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithOptions(void * buffers,
              case kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64:
              case kIOMemoryTypePhysical64:
                if (count == 1
+#ifndef __arm__
                    && (((IOAddressRange *) buffers)->address + ((IOAddressRange *) buffers)->length) <= 0x100000000ULL
+#endif
                    ) {
                    if (kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64 == type)
                        type = kIOMemoryTypeVirtual;
@@ -1585,22 +1655,22 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithOptions(void *       buffers,
                break;
            }
        } 
+       _rangesCount = count;
 
        // Find starting address within the vector of ranges
        Ranges vec = _ranges;
-       UInt32 length = 0;
-       UInt32 pages = 0;
-       for (unsigned ind = 0; ind < count;  ind++) {
+       mach_vm_size_t totalLength = 0;
+       unsigned int ind, pages = 0;
+       for (ind = 0; ind < count; ind++) {
            mach_vm_address_t addr;
-           mach_vm_size_t len;
+           mach_vm_address_t endAddr;
+           mach_vm_size_t    len;
 
            // addr & len are returned by this function
            getAddrLenForInd(addr, len, type, vec, ind);
-           pages += (atop_64(addr + len + PAGE_MASK) - atop_64(addr));
-           len += length;
-           assert(len >= length);      // Check for 32 bit wrap around
-           length = len;
-
+           if (os_add3_overflow(addr, len, PAGE_MASK, &endAddr))                   break;
+           if (os_add_overflow(pages, (atop_64(endAddr) - atop_64(addr)), &pages)) break;
+           if (os_add_overflow(totalLength, len, &totalLength))                    break;
            if ((kIOMemoryTypePhysical == type) || (kIOMemoryTypePhysical64 == type))
            {
                ppnum_t highPage = atop_64(addr + len - 1);
@@ -1608,22 +1678,36 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithOptions(void *       buffers,
                    _highestPage = highPage;
            }
        } 
-       _length      = length;
+       if ((ind < count)
+        || (totalLength != ((IOByteCount) totalLength))) return (false); /* overflow */
+
+       _length      = totalLength;
        _pages       = pages;
-       _rangesCount = count;
 
         // Auto-prepare memory at creation time.
         // Implied completion when descriptor is free-ed
+
+
         if ((kIOMemoryTypePhysical == type) || (kIOMemoryTypePhysical64 == type))
             _wireCount++;      // Physical MDs are, by definition, wired
         else { /* kIOMemoryTypeVirtual | kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64 | kIOMemoryTypeUIO */
             ioGMDData *dataP;
-            unsigned dataSize = computeDataSize(_pages, /* upls */ count * 2);
+            unsigned dataSize;
 
+            if (_pages > atop_64(max_mem)) return false;
+
+            dataSize = computeDataSize(_pages, /* upls */ count * 2);
             if (!initMemoryEntries(dataSize, mapper)) return false;
             dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
             dataP->fPageCnt = _pages;
 
+            if (((_task != kernel_task) || (kIOMemoryBufferPageable & _flags))
+             && (VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE == _kernelTag))
+            {
+               _kernelTag = IOMemoryTag(kernel_map);
+                if (_kernelTag == gIOSurfaceTag) _userTag = VM_MEMORY_IOSURFACE;
+            }
+
            if ( (kIOMemoryPersistent & _flags) && !_memRef)
            {
                IOReturn 
@@ -1658,10 +1742,10 @@ void IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::free()
     if ((kIOMemoryTypePhysical == type) || (kIOMemoryTypePhysical64 == type))
     {
        ioGMDData * dataP;
-       if (_memoryEntries && (dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries)) && dataP->fMappedBase)
+       if (_memoryEntries && (dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries)) && dataP->fMappedBaseValid)
        {
-           dataP->fMapper->iovmFree(atop_64(dataP->fMappedBase), _pages);
-           dataP->fMappedBase = 0;
+           dmaUnmap(dataP->fMapper, NULL, 0, dataP->fMappedBase, dataP->fMappedLength);
+           dataP->fMappedBaseValid = dataP->fMappedBase = 0;
        }
     }
     else
@@ -1750,7 +1834,15 @@ IOOptionBits IOMemoryDescriptor::getTag( void )
     return( _tag);
 }
 
+uint64_t IOMemoryDescriptor::getFlags(void)
+{
+    return (_flags);
+}
+
 #ifndef __LP64__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+
 // @@@ gvdl: who is using this API?  Seems like a wierd thing to implement.
 IOPhysicalAddress
 IOMemoryDescriptor::getSourceSegment( IOByteCount   offset, IOByteCount * length )
@@ -1764,6 +1856,9 @@ IOMemoryDescriptor::getSourceSegment( IOByteCount   offset, IOByteCount * length
 
     return( (IOPhysicalAddress) physAddr ); // truncated but only page offset is used
 }
+
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+
 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
 
 IOByteCount IOMemoryDescriptor::readBytes
@@ -1775,10 +1870,14 @@ IOByteCount IOMemoryDescriptor::readBytes
     // Assert that this entire I/O is withing the available range
     assert(offset <= _length);
     assert(offset + length <= _length);
-    if (offset >= _length) {
+    if ((offset >= _length)
+     || ((offset + length) > _length)) {
         return 0;
     }
 
+    assert (!(kIOMemoryRemote & _flags));
+    if (kIOMemoryRemote & _flags) return (0);
+
     if (kIOMemoryThreadSafe & _flags)
        LOCK;
 
@@ -1824,10 +1923,15 @@ IOByteCount IOMemoryDescriptor::writeBytes
 
     assert( !(kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly & _flags) );
 
-    if ( (kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly & _flags) || offset >= _length) {
+    if ( (kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly & _flags)
+     || (offset >= _length)
+     || ((offset + length) > _length)) {
         return 0;
     }
 
+    assert (!(kIOMemoryRemote & _flags));
+    if (kIOMemoryRemote & _flags) return (0);
+
     if (kIOMemoryThreadSafe & _flags)
        LOCK;
 
@@ -1860,7 +1964,11 @@ IOByteCount IOMemoryDescriptor::writeBytes
 
     assert(!remaining);
 
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+    // copypv does not cppvFsnk on intel
+#else
     if (!srcAddr) performOperation(kIOMemoryIncoherentIOFlush, inoffset, length);
+#endif
 
     return length - remaining;
 }
@@ -1914,11 +2022,7 @@ void IOMemoryDescriptor::setPreparationID( void )
 {
     if (getKernelReserved() && (kIOPreparationIDUnprepared == reserved->preparationID))
     {
-#if defined(__ppc__ )
-        reserved->preparationID = gIOMDPreparationID++;
-#else
         reserved->preparationID = OSIncrementAtomic64(&gIOMDPreparationID);
-#endif
     }
 }
 
@@ -1930,6 +2034,25 @@ uint64_t IOMemoryDescriptor::getPreparationID( void )
         return (kIOPreparationIDUnsupported);    
 }
 
+void IOMemoryDescriptor::setVMTags(vm_tag_t kernelTag, vm_tag_t userTag)
+{
+    _kernelTag = kernelTag;
+    _userTag   = userTag;
+}
+
+vm_tag_t IOMemoryDescriptor::getVMTag(vm_map_t map)
+{
+    if (vm_kernel_map_is_kernel(map))
+    {
+         if (VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE != _kernelTag) return (_kernelTag);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+         if (VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE != _userTag)   return (_userTag);
+    }
+    return (IOMemoryTag(map));
+}
+
 IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op, void *vData, UInt dataSize) const
 {
     IOReturn err = kIOReturnSuccess;
@@ -1952,37 +2075,56 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op, void *
 
        if (_memoryEntries && data->fMapper)
        {
-           bool remap;
-           bool whole = ((data->fOffset == 0) && (data->fLength == _length));
+           bool remap, keepMap;
            dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
 
            if (data->fMapSpec.numAddressBits < dataP->fDMAMapNumAddressBits) dataP->fDMAMapNumAddressBits = data->fMapSpec.numAddressBits;
            if (data->fMapSpec.alignment      > dataP->fDMAMapAlignment)      dataP->fDMAMapAlignment      = data->fMapSpec.alignment;
 
-           remap = (dataP->fDMAMapNumAddressBits < 64)
-                && ((dataP->fMappedBase + _length) > (1ULL << dataP->fDMAMapNumAddressBits));
+           keepMap = (data->fMapper == gIOSystemMapper);
+           keepMap &= ((data->fOffset == 0) && (data->fLength == _length));
+
+           if ((data->fMapper == gIOSystemMapper) && _prepareLock) IOLockLock(_prepareLock);
+
+           remap = (!keepMap);
+           remap |= (dataP->fDMAMapNumAddressBits < 64)
+                 && ((dataP->fMappedBase + _length) > (1ULL << dataP->fDMAMapNumAddressBits));
            remap |= (dataP->fDMAMapAlignment > page_size);
-           remap |= (!whole);
-           if (remap || !dataP->fMappedBase)
+
+           if (remap || !dataP->fMappedBaseValid)
            {
-//             if (dataP->fMappedBase) OSReportWithBacktrace("kIOMDDMAMap whole %d remap %d params %d\n", whole, remap, params);
-               err = md->dmaMap(data->fMapper, &data->fMapSpec, data->fOffset, data->fLength, &data->fAlloc, &data->fAllocCount);
-               if ((kIOReturnSuccess == err) && whole && !dataP->fMappedBase)
+//             if (dataP->fMappedBaseValid) OSReportWithBacktrace("kIOMDDMAMap whole %d remap %d params %d\n", whole, remap, params);
+               err = md->dmaMap(data->fMapper, data->fCommand, &data->fMapSpec, data->fOffset, data->fLength, &data->fAlloc, &data->fAllocLength);
+               if (keepMap && (kIOReturnSuccess == err) && !dataP->fMappedBaseValid)
                {
-                   dataP->fMappedBase = data->fAlloc;
-                   data->fAllocCount = 0;                      // IOMD owns the alloc now
+                   dataP->fMappedBase      = data->fAlloc;
+                   dataP->fMappedBaseValid = true;
+                   dataP->fMappedLength    = data->fAllocLength;
+                   data->fAllocLength      = 0;                        // IOMD owns the alloc now
                }
            }
            else
            {
                data->fAlloc = dataP->fMappedBase;
-               data->fAllocCount = 0;                          // IOMD owns the alloc
+               data->fAllocLength = 0;                         // give out IOMD map
+               md->dmaMapRecord(data->fMapper, data->fCommand, dataP->fMappedLength);
            }
            data->fMapContig = !dataP->fDiscontig;
-       }
 
+           if ((data->fMapper == gIOSystemMapper) && _prepareLock) IOLockUnlock(_prepareLock);
+       }
        return (err);                           
     }
+    if (kIOMDDMAUnmap == op)
+    {
+        if (dataSize < sizeof(IOMDDMAMapArgs))
+            return kIOReturnUnderrun;
+        IOMDDMAMapArgs * data = (IOMDDMAMapArgs *) vData;
+
+        err = md->dmaUnmap(data->fMapper, data->fCommand, data->fOffset, data->fAlloc, data->fAllocLength);
+
+        return kIOReturnSuccess;
+    }
 
     if (kIOMDAddDMAMapSpec == op)
     {
@@ -2030,20 +2172,24 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op, void *
            }
        }
 
-       return kIOReturnSuccess;
-
-#if IOMD_DEBUG_DMAACTIVE
-    } else if (kIOMDDMAActive == op) {
-       if (params) OSIncrementAtomic(&md->__iomd_reservedA);
-       else {
-           if (md->__iomd_reservedA)
-               OSDecrementAtomic(&md->__iomd_reservedA);
-           else
-               panic("kIOMDSetDMAInactive");
-       }
-#endif /* IOMD_DEBUG_DMAACTIVE */
+        return kIOReturnSuccess;
+    }
 
-    } else if (kIOMDWalkSegments != op)
+    else if (kIOMDDMAActive == op)
+    {
+        if (params)
+        {
+           int16_t prior;
+           prior = OSAddAtomic16(1, &md->_dmaReferences);
+           if (!prior) md->_mapName = NULL;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (md->_dmaReferences) OSAddAtomic16(-1, &md->_dmaReferences);
+            else                    panic("_dmaReferences underflow");
+        }
+    }
+    else if (kIOMDWalkSegments != op)
        return kIOReturnBadArgument;
 
     // Get the next segment
@@ -2060,12 +2206,15 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op, void *
 
     isP = (InternalState *) vData;
     UInt offset = isP->fIO.fOffset;
-    bool mapped = isP->fIO.fMapped;
+    uint8_t mapped = isP->fIO.fMapped;
+    uint64_t mappedBase;
+
+    if (mapped && (kIOMemoryRemote & _flags)) return (kIOReturnNotAttached);
 
     if (IOMapper::gSystem && mapped
         && (!(kIOMemoryHostOnly & _flags))
-       && (!_memoryEntries || !getDataP(_memoryEntries)->fMappedBase))
-//     && (_memoryEntries && !getDataP(_memoryEntries)->fMappedBase))
+       && (!_memoryEntries || !getDataP(_memoryEntries)->fMappedBaseValid))
+//     && (_memoryEntries && !getDataP(_memoryEntries)->fMappedBaseValid))
     {
        if (!_memoryEntries 
            && !md->initMemoryEntries(computeDataSize(0, 0), kIOMapperWaitSystem)) return (kIOReturnNoMemory);
@@ -2077,11 +2226,26 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op, void *
            bzero(&mapSpec, sizeof(mapSpec));
            mapSpec.numAddressBits = dataP->fDMAMapNumAddressBits;
            mapSpec.alignment = dataP->fDMAMapAlignment;
-           err = md->dmaMap(dataP->fMapper, &mapSpec, 0, _length, &dataP->fMappedBase, NULL);
+           err = md->dmaMap(dataP->fMapper, NULL, &mapSpec, 0, _length, &dataP->fMappedBase, &dataP->fMappedLength);
            if (kIOReturnSuccess != err) return (err);
+           dataP->fMappedBaseValid = true;
        }
     }
 
+    if (kIOMDDMAWalkMappedLocal == mapped) mappedBase = isP->fIO.fMappedBase;
+    else if (mapped)
+    {
+       if (IOMapper::gSystem
+               && (!(kIOMemoryHostOnly & _flags))
+               && _memoryEntries
+               && (dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries))
+               && dataP->fMappedBaseValid)
+       {
+           mappedBase = dataP->fMappedBase;
+       }
+       else mapped = 0;
+    }
+
     if (offset >= _length)
        return (offset == _length)? kIOReturnOverrun : kIOReturnInternalError;
 
@@ -2097,7 +2261,6 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op, void *
     UInt length;
     UInt64 address;
 
-
     if ( (_flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask) == kIOMemoryTypePhysical) {
 
        // Physical address based memory descriptor
@@ -2114,10 +2277,9 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op, void *
        length   = off2Ind - offset;
        address  = physP[ind - 1].address + len - length;
 
-       if (true && mapped && _memoryEntries 
-               && (dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries)) && dataP->fMappedBase)
+       if (true && mapped)
        {
-           address = dataP->fMappedBase + offset;
+           address = mappedBase + offset;
        }
        else
        {
@@ -2151,10 +2313,9 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op, void *
        length   = off2Ind - offset;
        address  = physP[ind - 1].address + len - length;
 
-       if (true && mapped && _memoryEntries 
-               && (dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries)) && dataP->fMappedBase)
+       if (true && mapped)
        {
-           address = dataP->fMappedBase + offset;
+           address = mappedBase + offset;
        }
        else
        {
@@ -2203,9 +2364,9 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op, void *
 
        // If a mapped address is requested and this is a pre-mapped IOPL
        // then just need to compute an offset relative to the mapped base.
-       if (mapped && dataP->fMappedBase) {
+       if (mapped) {
            offset += (ioplInfo.fPageOffset & PAGE_MASK);
-           address = trunc_page_64(dataP->fMappedBase) + ptoa_64(ioplInfo.fMappedPage) + offset;
+           address = trunc_page_64(mappedBase) + ptoa_64(ioplInfo.fMappedPage) + offset;
            continue;   // Done leave do/while(false) now
        }
 
@@ -2326,7 +2487,7 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment(IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount *l
 
        state->fOffset = offset;
        state->fLength = _length - offset;
-       state->fMapped = (0 == (options & kIOMemoryMapperNone)) && !(_flags & kIOMemoryHostOnly);
+       state->fMapped = (0 == (options & kIOMemoryMapperNone)) && !(_flags & kIOMemoryHostOrRemote);
 
        ret = dmaCommandOperation(kIOMDFirstSegment, _state, sizeof(_state));
 
@@ -2350,10 +2511,10 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment(IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount *l
                addr64_t    origAddr = address;
                IOByteCount origLen  = length;
 
-               address = mapper->mapAddr(origAddr);
+               address = mapper->mapToPhysicalAddress(origAddr);
                length = page_size - (address & (page_size - 1));
                while ((length < origLen)
-                   && ((address + length) == mapper->mapAddr(origAddr + length)))
+                   && ((address + length) == mapper->mapToPhysicalAddress(origAddr + length)))
                    length += page_size;
                if (length > origLen)
                    length = origLen;
@@ -2371,6 +2532,9 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment(IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount *l
 }
 
 #ifndef __LP64__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+
 addr64_t
 IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment(IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount *lengthOfSegment, IOOptionBits options)
 {
@@ -2391,6 +2555,7 @@ IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment(IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount *lengthOf
 
     return (address);
 }
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
 
 addr64_t
 IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment64(IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount *lengthOfSegment)
@@ -2437,11 +2602,11 @@ IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment64(IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount *length
     {
        IOByteCount origLen;
 
-       phys64 = mapper->mapAddr(phys32);
+       phys64 = mapper->mapToPhysicalAddress(phys32);
        origLen = *lengthOfSegment;
        length = page_size - (phys64 & (page_size - 1));
        while ((length < origLen)
-           && ((phys64 + length) == mapper->mapAddr(phys32 + length)))
+           && ((phys64 + length) == mapper->mapToPhysicalAddress(phys32 + length)))
            length += page_size;
        if (length > origLen)
            length = origLen;
@@ -2466,6 +2631,9 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getSourceSegment(IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount *len
     return ((IOPhysicalAddress) getPhysicalSegment(offset, lengthOfSegment, _kIOMemorySourceSegment));
 }
 
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+
 void * IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getVirtualSegment(IOByteCount offset,
                                                        IOByteCount * lengthOfSegment)
 {
@@ -2476,6 +2644,7 @@ void * IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getVirtualSegment(IOByteCount offset,
 
     return 0;
 }
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
 
 IOReturn 
@@ -2522,9 +2691,20 @@ IOMemoryDescriptor::dmaCommandOperation(DMACommandOps op, void *vData, UInt data
        if (params) panic("class %s does not support IODMACommand::kIterateOnly", getMetaClass()->getClassName());
 
        data->fMapContig = true;
-       err = md->dmaMap(data->fMapper, &data->fMapSpec, data->fOffset, data->fLength, &data->fAlloc, &data->fAllocCount);
+       err = md->dmaMap(data->fMapper, data->fCommand, &data->fMapSpec, data->fOffset, data->fLength, &data->fAlloc, &data->fAllocLength);
+
        return (err);                           
     }
+    else if (kIOMDDMAUnmap == op)
+    {
+        if (dataSize < sizeof(IOMDDMAMapArgs))
+            return kIOReturnUnderrun;
+        IOMDDMAMapArgs * data = (IOMDDMAMapArgs *) vData;
+
+        err = md->dmaUnmap(data->fMapper, data->fCommand, data->fOffset, data->fAlloc, data->fAllocLength);
+
+        return (kIOReturnSuccess);
+    }
     else return kIOReturnBadArgument;
 
     return kIOReturnSuccess;
@@ -2539,6 +2719,9 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::setPurgeable( IOOptionBits newState,
     vm_purgable_t control;
     int           state;
 
+    assert (!(kIOMemoryRemote & _flags));
+    if (kIOMemoryRemote & _flags) return (kIOReturnNotAttached);
+
     if (_memRef)
     {
        err = super::setPurgeable(newState, oldState);
@@ -2562,7 +2745,14 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::setPurgeable( IOOptionBits newState,
                break;
            }
            else
+           {
                curMap = get_task_map(_task);
+               if (NULL == curMap)
+               {
+                   err = KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+                   break;
+               }
+           }
 
            // can only do one range
            Ranges vec = _ranges;
@@ -2574,7 +2764,7 @@ IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::setPurgeable( IOOptionBits newState,
            err = purgeableControlBits(newState, &control, &state);
            if (kIOReturnSuccess != err)
                break;
-           err = mach_vm_purgable_control(curMap, addr, control, &state);
+           err = vm_map_purgable_control(curMap, addr, control, &state);
            if (oldState)
            {
                if (kIOReturnSuccess == err)
@@ -2607,18 +2797,39 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::setPurgeable( IOOptionBits newState,
 IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::getPageCounts( IOByteCount * residentPageCount,
                                            IOByteCount * dirtyPageCount )
 {
-   IOReturn err = kIOReturnNotReady;
+    IOReturn err = kIOReturnNotReady;
+
+    assert (!(kIOMemoryRemote & _flags));
+    if (kIOMemoryRemote & _flags) return (kIOReturnNotAttached);
 
     if (kIOMemoryThreadSafe & _flags) LOCK;
     if (_memRef) err = IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::memoryReferenceGetPageCounts(_memRef, residentPageCount, dirtyPageCount);
+    else
+    {
+       IOMultiMemoryDescriptor * mmd;
+       IOSubMemoryDescriptor   * smd;
+       if ((smd = OSDynamicCast(IOSubMemoryDescriptor, this)))
+       {
+           err = smd->getPageCounts(residentPageCount, dirtyPageCount);
+       }
+       else if ((mmd = OSDynamicCast(IOMultiMemoryDescriptor, this)))
+       {
+           err = mmd->getPageCounts(residentPageCount, dirtyPageCount);
+       }
+    }
     if (kIOMemoryThreadSafe & _flags) UNLOCK;
 
     return (err);
 }
  
 
+#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__)
+extern "C" void dcache_incoherent_io_flush64(addr64_t pa, unsigned int count, unsigned int remaining, unsigned int *res);
+extern "C" void dcache_incoherent_io_store64(addr64_t pa, unsigned int count, unsigned int remaining, unsigned int *res);
+#else /* defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__) */
 extern "C" void dcache_incoherent_io_flush64(addr64_t pa, unsigned int count);
 extern "C" void dcache_incoherent_io_store64(addr64_t pa, unsigned int count);
+#endif /* defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__) */
 
 static void SetEncryptOp(addr64_t pa, unsigned int count)
 {
@@ -2650,15 +2861,41 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::performOperation( IOOptionBits options,
     IOByteCount remaining;
     unsigned int res;
     void (*func)(addr64_t pa, unsigned int count) = 0;
+#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__)
+    void (*func_ext)(addr64_t pa, unsigned int count, unsigned int remaining, unsigned int *result) = 0;
+#endif
+
+    assert (!(kIOMemoryRemote & _flags));
+    if (kIOMemoryRemote & _flags) return (kIOReturnNotAttached);
 
     switch (options)
     {
         case kIOMemoryIncoherentIOFlush:
+#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__)
+            func_ext = &dcache_incoherent_io_flush64;
+#if __ARM_COHERENT_IO__
+            func_ext(0, 0, 0, &res);
+            return kIOReturnSuccess;
+#else /* __ARM_COHERENT_IO__ */
+            break;
+#endif /* __ARM_COHERENT_IO__ */
+#else /* defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__) */
             func = &dcache_incoherent_io_flush64;
             break;
+#endif /* defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__) */
         case kIOMemoryIncoherentIOStore:
+#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__)
+            func_ext = &dcache_incoherent_io_store64;
+#if __ARM_COHERENT_IO__
+            func_ext(0, 0, 0, &res);
+            return kIOReturnSuccess;
+#else /* __ARM_COHERENT_IO__ */
+            break;
+#endif /* __ARM_COHERENT_IO__ */
+#else /* defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__) */
             func = &dcache_incoherent_io_store64;
             break;
+#endif /* defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__) */
 
         case kIOMemorySetEncrypted:
             func = &SetEncryptOp;
@@ -2668,8 +2905,13 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::performOperation( IOOptionBits options,
             break;
     }
 
+#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__)
+    if ((func == 0) && (func_ext == 0))
+        return (kIOReturnUnsupported);
+#else /* defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__) */
     if (!func)
         return (kIOReturnUnsupported);
+#endif /* defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__) */
 
     if (kIOMemoryThreadSafe & _flags)
        LOCK;
@@ -2690,7 +2932,19 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::performOperation( IOOptionBits options,
         if (dstLen > remaining)
             dstLen = remaining;
 
+#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__)
+        if (func)
+            (*func)(dstAddr64, dstLen);
+        if (func_ext) {
+            (*func_ext)(dstAddr64, dstLen, remaining, &res);
+            if (res != 0x0UL) {
+                remaining = 0;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+#else /* defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__) */
        (*func)(dstAddr64, dstLen);
+#endif /* defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__) */
 
         offset    += dstLen;
         remaining -= dstLen;
@@ -2702,9 +2956,27 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::performOperation( IOOptionBits options,
     return (remaining ? kIOReturnUnderrun : kIOReturnSuccess);
 }
 
+/*
+ *
+ */
+
 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
-extern vm_offset_t             first_avail;
-#define io_kernel_static_end   first_avail
+
+#define io_kernel_static_start vm_kernel_stext
+#define io_kernel_static_end   vm_kernel_etext
+
+#elif defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__)
+
+extern vm_offset_t             static_memory_end;
+
+#if defined(__arm64__)
+#define io_kernel_static_start vm_kext_base
+#else /* defined(__arm64__) */
+#define io_kernel_static_start vm_kernel_stext
+#endif /* defined(__arm64__) */
+
+#define io_kernel_static_end   static_memory_end
+
 #else
 #error io_kernel_static_end is undefined for this architecture
 #endif
@@ -2713,7 +2985,7 @@ static kern_return_t
 io_get_kernel_static_upl(
        vm_map_t                /* map */,
        uintptr_t               offset,
-       vm_size_t               *upl_size,
+       upl_size_t              *upl_size,
        upl_t                   *upl,
        upl_page_info_array_t   page_list,
        unsigned int            *count,
@@ -2735,7 +3007,7 @@ io_get_kernel_static_upl(
        if (!phys)
            break;
        page_list[page].phys_addr = phys;
-       page_list[page].pageout   = 0;
+       page_list[page].free_when_done = 0;
        page_list[page].absent    = 0;
        page_list[page].dirty     = 0;
        page_list[page].precious  = 0;
@@ -2752,28 +3024,36 @@ io_get_kernel_static_upl(
 IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::wireVirtual(IODirection forDirection)
 {
     IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
-    IOReturn error = kIOReturnCannotWire;
+    IOReturn error = kIOReturnSuccess;
     ioGMDData *dataP;
     upl_page_info_array_t pageInfo;
     ppnum_t mapBase;
+    vm_tag_t tag = VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE;
 
     assert(kIOMemoryTypeVirtual == type || kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64 == type || kIOMemoryTypeUIO == type);
 
     if ((kIODirectionOutIn & forDirection) == kIODirectionNone)
         forDirection = (IODirection) (forDirection | getDirection());
 
-    int uplFlags;    // This Mem Desc's default flags for upl creation
+    dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
+    upl_control_flags_t uplFlags;    // This Mem Desc's default flags for upl creation
     switch (kIODirectionOutIn & forDirection)
     {
-    case kIODirectionOut:
-        // Pages do not need to be marked as dirty on commit
-        uplFlags = UPL_COPYOUT_FROM;
-        break;
+       case kIODirectionOut:
+           // Pages do not need to be marked as dirty on commit
+           uplFlags = UPL_COPYOUT_FROM;
+           dataP->fDMAAccess = kIODMAMapReadAccess;
+           break;
 
-    case kIODirectionIn:
-    default:
-        uplFlags = 0;  // i.e. ~UPL_COPYOUT_FROM
-        break;
+       case kIODirectionIn:
+           dataP->fDMAAccess = kIODMAMapWriteAccess;
+           uplFlags = 0;       // i.e. ~UPL_COPYOUT_FROM
+           break;
+
+       default:
+           dataP->fDMAAccess = kIODMAMapReadAccess | kIODMAMapWriteAccess;
+           uplFlags = 0;       // i.e. ~UPL_COPYOUT_FROM
+           break;
     }
 
     if (_wireCount)
@@ -2783,192 +3063,201 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::wireVirtual(IODirection forDirection)
            OSReportWithBacktrace("IOMemoryDescriptor 0x%lx prepared read only", VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM(this));
            error = kIOReturnNotWritable;
         }
-        else error = kIOReturnSuccess;
-       return (error);
     }
-
-    dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
-    IOMapper *mapper;
-    mapper = dataP->fMapper;
-    dataP->fMappedBase = 0;
-
-    uplFlags |= UPL_SET_IO_WIRE | UPL_SET_LITE;
-    if (kIODirectionPrepareToPhys32 & forDirection) 
+    else
     {
-       if (!mapper) uplFlags |= UPL_NEED_32BIT_ADDR;
-       if (dataP->fDMAMapNumAddressBits > 32) dataP->fDMAMapNumAddressBits = 32;
-    }
-    if (kIODirectionPrepareNoFault    & forDirection) uplFlags |= UPL_REQUEST_NO_FAULT;
-    if (kIODirectionPrepareNoZeroFill & forDirection) uplFlags |= UPL_NOZEROFILLIO;
-    if (kIODirectionPrepareNonCoherent & forDirection) uplFlags |= UPL_REQUEST_FORCE_COHERENCY;
-
-    mapBase = 0;
-
-    // Note that appendBytes(NULL) zeros the data up to the desired length
-    //           and the length parameter is an unsigned int
-    size_t uplPageSize = dataP->fPageCnt * sizeof(upl_page_info_t);
-    if (uplPageSize > ((unsigned int)uplPageSize))    return (kIOReturnNoMemory);
-    if (!_memoryEntries->appendBytes(0, uplPageSize)) return (kIOReturnNoMemory);
-    dataP = 0;
+        IOMapper *mapper;
 
-    // Find the appropriate vm_map for the given task
-    vm_map_t curMap;
-    if (_task == kernel_task && (kIOMemoryBufferPageable & _flags))            curMap = 0;
-    else                                                     curMap = get_task_map(_task);
+        mapper = dataP->fMapper;
+        dataP->fMappedBaseValid = dataP->fMappedBase = 0;
 
-    // Iterate over the vector of virtual ranges
-    Ranges vec = _ranges;
-    unsigned int pageIndex  = 0;
-    IOByteCount mdOffset    = 0;
-    ppnum_t highestPage     = 0;
-
-    IOMemoryEntry * memRefEntry = 0;
-    if (_memRef) memRefEntry = &_memRef->entries[0];
+        uplFlags |= UPL_SET_IO_WIRE | UPL_SET_LITE;
+       tag = _kernelTag;
+       if (VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE == tag) tag = IOMemoryTag(kernel_map);
 
-    for (UInt range = 0; range < _rangesCount; range++) {
-        ioPLBlock iopl;
-       mach_vm_address_t startPage;
-        mach_vm_size_t    numBytes;
-       ppnum_t highPage = 0;
-
-       // Get the startPage address and length of vec[range]
-       getAddrLenForInd(startPage, numBytes, type, vec, range);
-       iopl.fPageOffset = startPage & PAGE_MASK;
-       numBytes += iopl.fPageOffset;
-       startPage = trunc_page_64(startPage);
-
-       if (mapper)
-           iopl.fMappedPage = mapBase + pageIndex;
-       else
-           iopl.fMappedPage = 0;
-
-       // Iterate over the current range, creating UPLs
-        while (numBytes) {
-           vm_address_t kernelStart = (vm_address_t) startPage;
-            vm_map_t theMap;
-           if (curMap) theMap = curMap;
-           else if (_memRef)
-           {
-               theMap = NULL;
-           }
-           else
-           {
-               assert(_task == kernel_task);
-               theMap = IOPageableMapForAddress(kernelStart);
-           }
-
-            int ioplFlags = uplFlags;
-           dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
-           pageInfo = getPageList(dataP);
-            upl_page_list_ptr_t baseInfo = &pageInfo[pageIndex];
-
-            vm_size_t ioplSize = round_page(numBytes);
-            unsigned int numPageInfo = atop_32(ioplSize);
-
-           if ((theMap == kernel_map) && (kernelStart < io_kernel_static_end)) {
-               error = io_get_kernel_static_upl(theMap, 
-                                               kernelStart,
-                                               &ioplSize,
-                                               &iopl.fIOPL,
-                                               baseInfo,
-                                               &numPageInfo,
-                                               &highPage);
-           }
-           else if (_memRef) {
-               memory_object_offset_t entryOffset;
-
-               entryOffset = (mdOffset - iopl.fPageOffset - memRefEntry->offset);
-               if (entryOffset >= memRefEntry->size) {
-                   memRefEntry++;
-                   if (memRefEntry >= &_memRef->entries[_memRef->count]) panic("memRefEntry");
-                   entryOffset = 0;
-               }
-               if (ioplSize > (memRefEntry->size - entryOffset)) ioplSize = (memRefEntry->size - entryOffset);
-               error = memory_object_iopl_request(memRefEntry->entry, 
-                                                  entryOffset,
-                                                  &ioplSize,
-                                                  &iopl.fIOPL,
-                                                  baseInfo,
-                                                  &numPageInfo,
-                                                  &ioplFlags);
-           }
-           else {
-               assert(theMap);
-               error = vm_map_create_upl(theMap,
-                                               startPage,
-                                               (upl_size_t*)&ioplSize,
-                                               &iopl.fIOPL,
-                                               baseInfo,
-                                               &numPageInfo,
-                                               &ioplFlags);
-           }
-
-            assert(ioplSize);
-            if (error != KERN_SUCCESS)
-                goto abortExit;
+        if (kIODirectionPrepareToPhys32 & forDirection)
+        {
+            if (!mapper) uplFlags |= UPL_NEED_32BIT_ADDR;
+            if (dataP->fDMAMapNumAddressBits > 32) dataP->fDMAMapNumAddressBits = 32;
+        }
+        if (kIODirectionPrepareNoFault    & forDirection) uplFlags |= UPL_REQUEST_NO_FAULT;
+        if (kIODirectionPrepareNoZeroFill & forDirection) uplFlags |= UPL_NOZEROFILLIO;
+        if (kIODirectionPrepareNonCoherent & forDirection) uplFlags |= UPL_REQUEST_FORCE_COHERENCY;
+
+        mapBase = 0;
+
+        // Note that appendBytes(NULL) zeros the data up to the desired length
+        //           and the length parameter is an unsigned int
+        size_t uplPageSize = dataP->fPageCnt * sizeof(upl_page_info_t);
+        if (uplPageSize > ((unsigned int)uplPageSize))    return (kIOReturnNoMemory);
+        if (!_memoryEntries->appendBytes(0, uplPageSize)) return (kIOReturnNoMemory);
+        dataP = 0;
+
+        // Find the appropriate vm_map for the given task
+        vm_map_t curMap;
+        if (_task == kernel_task && (kIOMemoryBufferPageable & _flags))            curMap = 0;
+        else                                                     curMap = get_task_map(_task);
+
+        // Iterate over the vector of virtual ranges
+        Ranges vec = _ranges;
+        unsigned int pageIndex  = 0;
+        IOByteCount mdOffset    = 0;
+        ppnum_t highestPage     = 0;
+
+        IOMemoryEntry * memRefEntry = 0;
+        if (_memRef) memRefEntry = &_memRef->entries[0];
+
+        for (UInt range = 0; range < _rangesCount; range++) {
+            ioPLBlock iopl;
+            mach_vm_address_t startPage, startPageOffset;
+            mach_vm_size_t    numBytes;
+            ppnum_t highPage = 0;
+
+            // Get the startPage address and length of vec[range]
+            getAddrLenForInd(startPage, numBytes, type, vec, range);
+            startPageOffset = startPage & PAGE_MASK;
+            iopl.fPageOffset = startPageOffset;
+            numBytes += startPageOffset;
+            startPage = trunc_page_64(startPage);
+
+            if (mapper)
+                iopl.fMappedPage = mapBase + pageIndex;
+            else
+                iopl.fMappedPage = 0;
+
+            // Iterate over the current range, creating UPLs
+            while (numBytes) {
+                vm_address_t kernelStart = (vm_address_t) startPage;
+                vm_map_t theMap;
+                if (curMap) theMap = curMap;
+                else if (_memRef)
+                {
+                    theMap = NULL;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    assert(_task == kernel_task);
+                    theMap = IOPageableMapForAddress(kernelStart);
+                }
 
-           if (iopl.fIOPL)
-               highPage = upl_get_highest_page(iopl.fIOPL);
-           if (highPage > highestPage)
-               highestPage = highPage;
+                // ioplFlags is an in/out parameter
+                upl_control_flags_t ioplFlags = uplFlags;
+                dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
+                pageInfo = getPageList(dataP);
+                upl_page_list_ptr_t baseInfo = &pageInfo[pageIndex];
+
+                mach_vm_size_t _ioplSize    = round_page(numBytes);
+                upl_size_t         ioplSize    = (_ioplSize <= MAX_UPL_SIZE_BYTES) ? _ioplSize : MAX_UPL_SIZE_BYTES;
+                unsigned int    numPageInfo = atop_32(ioplSize);
+
+                if ((theMap == kernel_map)
+                 && (kernelStart >= io_kernel_static_start)
+                 && (kernelStart <  io_kernel_static_end)) {
+                    error = io_get_kernel_static_upl(theMap,
+                                                    kernelStart,
+                                                    &ioplSize,
+                                                    &iopl.fIOPL,
+                                                    baseInfo,
+                                                    &numPageInfo,
+                                                    &highPage);
+                }
+                else if (_memRef) {
+                    memory_object_offset_t entryOffset;
+
+                    entryOffset = mdOffset;
+                    entryOffset = (entryOffset - iopl.fPageOffset - memRefEntry->offset);
+                    if (entryOffset >= memRefEntry->size) {
+                        memRefEntry++;
+                        if (memRefEntry >= &_memRef->entries[_memRef->count]) panic("memRefEntry");
+                        entryOffset = 0;
+                    }
+                    if (ioplSize > (memRefEntry->size - entryOffset)) ioplSize = (memRefEntry->size - entryOffset);
+                    error = memory_object_iopl_request(memRefEntry->entry,
+                                                       entryOffset,
+                                                       &ioplSize,
+                                                       &iopl.fIOPL,
+                                                       baseInfo,
+                                                       &numPageInfo,
+                                                       &ioplFlags,
+                                                       tag);
+                }
+                else {
+                    assert(theMap);
+                    error = vm_map_create_upl(theMap,
+                                                    startPage,
+                                                    (upl_size_t*)&ioplSize,
+                                                    &iopl.fIOPL,
+                                                    baseInfo,
+                                                    &numPageInfo,
+                                                    &ioplFlags,
+                                                    tag);
+                }
 
-            error = kIOReturnCannotWire;
+                if (error != KERN_SUCCESS) goto abortExit;
 
-            if (baseInfo->device) {
-                numPageInfo = 1;
-                iopl.fFlags = kIOPLOnDevice;
-            }
-            else {
-                iopl.fFlags = 0;
-            }
+                assert(ioplSize);
 
-            iopl.fIOMDOffset = mdOffset;
-            iopl.fPageInfo = pageIndex;
-            if (mapper && pageIndex && (page_mask & (mdOffset + iopl.fPageOffset))) dataP->fDiscontig = true;
+                if (iopl.fIOPL)
+                    highPage = upl_get_highest_page(iopl.fIOPL);
+                if (highPage > highestPage)
+                    highestPage = highPage;
 
-#if 0
-           // used to remove the upl for auto prepares here, for some errant code
-           // that freed memory before the descriptor pointing at it
-           if ((_flags & kIOMemoryAutoPrepare) && iopl.fIOPL)
-           {
-               upl_commit(iopl.fIOPL, 0, 0);
-               upl_deallocate(iopl.fIOPL);
-               iopl.fIOPL = 0;
-           }
-#endif
+                if (baseInfo->device) {
+                    numPageInfo = 1;
+                    iopl.fFlags = kIOPLOnDevice;
+                }
+                else {
+                    iopl.fFlags = 0;
+                }
 
-            if (!_memoryEntries->appendBytes(&iopl, sizeof(iopl))) {
-                // Clean up partial created and unsaved iopl
-                if (iopl.fIOPL) {
-                    upl_abort(iopl.fIOPL, 0);
-                    upl_deallocate(iopl.fIOPL);
+                iopl.fIOMDOffset = mdOffset;
+                iopl.fPageInfo = pageIndex;
+                if (mapper && pageIndex && (page_mask & (mdOffset + startPageOffset))) dataP->fDiscontig = true;
+
+                if (!_memoryEntries->appendBytes(&iopl, sizeof(iopl))) {
+                    // Clean up partial created and unsaved iopl
+                    if (iopl.fIOPL) {
+                        upl_abort(iopl.fIOPL, 0);
+                        upl_deallocate(iopl.fIOPL);
+                    }
+                    goto abortExit;
+                }
+                dataP = 0;
+
+                // Check for a multiple iopl's in one virtual range
+                pageIndex += numPageInfo;
+                mdOffset -= iopl.fPageOffset;
+                if (ioplSize < numBytes) {
+                    numBytes -= ioplSize;
+                    startPage += ioplSize;
+                    mdOffset += ioplSize;
+                    iopl.fPageOffset = 0;
+                    if (mapper) iopl.fMappedPage = mapBase + pageIndex;
+                }
+                else {
+                    mdOffset += numBytes;
+                    break;
                 }
-                goto abortExit;
-            }
-           dataP = 0;
-
-            // Check for a multiple iopl's in one virtual range
-            pageIndex += numPageInfo;
-            mdOffset -= iopl.fPageOffset;
-            if (ioplSize < numBytes) {
-                numBytes -= ioplSize;
-                startPage += ioplSize;
-                mdOffset += ioplSize;
-                iopl.fPageOffset = 0;
-               if (mapper) iopl.fMappedPage = mapBase + pageIndex;
-            }
-            else {
-                mdOffset += numBytes;
-                break;
             }
         }
-    }
 
-    _highestPage = highestPage;
+        _highestPage = highestPage;
 
-    if (UPL_COPYOUT_FROM & uplFlags) _flags |= kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly;
+        if (UPL_COPYOUT_FROM & uplFlags) _flags |= kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly;
+    }
 
-    return kIOReturnSuccess;
+#if IOTRACKING
+    if (!(_flags & kIOMemoryAutoPrepare) && (kIOReturnSuccess == error))
+    {
+       dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
+       if (!dataP->fWireTracking.link.next)
+       {
+           IOTrackingAdd(gIOWireTracking, &dataP->fWireTracking, ptoa(_pages), false, tag);
+       }
+    }
+#endif /* IOTRACKING */
+
+    return (error);
 
 abortExit:
     {
@@ -3022,112 +3311,127 @@ bool IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initMemoryEntries(size_t size, IOMapper * mapper
     dataP->fPreparationID        = kIOPreparationIDUnprepared;
     dataP->fDiscontig            = false;
     dataP->fCompletionError      = false;
+    dataP->fMappedBaseValid      = false;
 
     return (true);
 }
 
 IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::dmaMap(
     IOMapper                    * mapper,
+    IODMACommand                * command,
     const IODMAMapSpecification * mapSpec,
     uint64_t                      offset,
     uint64_t                      length,
-    uint64_t                    * address,
-    ppnum_t                     * mapPages)
+    uint64_t                    * mapAddress,
+    uint64_t                    * mapLength)
 {
-    IOMDDMAWalkSegmentState  walkState;
-    IOMDDMAWalkSegmentArgs * walkArgs = (IOMDDMAWalkSegmentArgs *) (void *)&walkState;
-    IOOptionBits             mdOp;
-    IOReturn                 ret;
-    IOPhysicalLength         segLen;
-    addr64_t                 phys, align, pageOffset;
-    ppnum_t                  base, pageIndex, pageCount;
-    uint64_t                 index;
-    uint32_t                 mapOptions = 0;
+    IOReturn err;
+    uint32_t mapOptions;
 
+    mapOptions = 0;
+    mapOptions |= kIODMAMapReadAccess;
     if (!(kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly & _flags)) mapOptions |= kIODMAMapWriteAccess;
 
-    walkArgs->fMapped = false;
-    mdOp = kIOMDFirstSegment;
-    pageCount = 0;
-    for (index = 0; index < length; )
-    {
-       if (index && (page_mask & (index + pageOffset))) break;
-
-       walkArgs->fOffset = offset + index;
-       ret = dmaCommandOperation(mdOp, &walkState, sizeof(walkState));
-       mdOp = kIOMDWalkSegments;
-       if (ret != kIOReturnSuccess) break;
-       phys = walkArgs->fIOVMAddr;
-       segLen = walkArgs->fLength;
+    err = mapper->iovmMapMemory(this, offset, length, mapOptions,
+                               mapSpec, command, NULL, mapAddress, mapLength);
 
-       align = (phys & page_mask);
-       if (!index) pageOffset = align;
-       else if (align) break;
-       pageCount += atop_64(round_page_64(align + segLen));
-       index += segLen;
-    }
+    if (kIOReturnSuccess == err) dmaMapRecord(mapper, command, *mapLength);
 
-    if (index < length) return (kIOReturnVMError);
+    return (err);
+}
 
-    base = mapper->iovmMapMemory(this, offset, pageCount, 
-                                mapOptions, NULL, mapSpec);
+void IOMemoryDescriptor::dmaMapRecord(
+    IOMapper                    * mapper,
+    IODMACommand                * command,
+    uint64_t                      mapLength)
+{
+    kern_allocation_name_t alloc;
+    int16_t                prior;
 
-    if (!base) return (kIOReturnNoResources);
+    if ((alloc = mapper->fAllocName) /* && mapper != IOMapper::gSystem */)
+    {
+       kern_allocation_update_size(mapper->fAllocName, mapLength);
+    }
 
-    mdOp = kIOMDFirstSegment;
-    for (pageIndex = 0, index = 0; index < length; )
+    if (!command) return;
+    prior = OSAddAtomic16(1, &_dmaReferences);
+    if (!prior)
     {
-       walkArgs->fOffset = offset + index;
-       ret = dmaCommandOperation(mdOp, &walkState, sizeof(walkState));
-       mdOp = kIOMDWalkSegments;
-       if (ret != kIOReturnSuccess) break;
-       phys = walkArgs->fIOVMAddr;
-       segLen = walkArgs->fLength;
-
-       ppnum_t page = atop_64(phys);
-       ppnum_t count = atop_64(round_page_64(phys + segLen)) - page;
-       while (count--)
+       if (alloc && (VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE != _kernelTag))
        {
-           mapper->iovmInsert(base, pageIndex, page);
-           page++;
-           pageIndex++;
+           _mapName  = alloc;
+           mapLength = _length;
+           kern_allocation_update_subtotal(alloc, _kernelTag, mapLength);
        }
-       index += segLen;
+       else _mapName = NULL;
     }
-    if (pageIndex != pageCount) panic("pageIndex");
+}
 
-    *address = ptoa_64(base) + pageOffset;
-    if (mapPages) *mapPages = pageCount;
+IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::dmaUnmap(
+    IOMapper                    * mapper,
+    IODMACommand                * command,
+    uint64_t                      offset,
+    uint64_t                      mapAddress,
+    uint64_t                      mapLength)
+{
+    IOReturn ret;
+    kern_allocation_name_t alloc;
+    kern_allocation_name_t mapName;
+    int16_t prior;
+
+    mapName = 0;
+    prior = 0;
+    if (command)
+    {
+       mapName = _mapName;
+        if (_dmaReferences) prior = OSAddAtomic16(-1, &_dmaReferences);
+        else                panic("_dmaReferences underflow");
+    }
 
-    return (kIOReturnSuccess);
+    if (!mapLength) return (kIOReturnSuccess);
+
+    ret = mapper->iovmUnmapMemory(this, command, mapAddress, mapLength);
+
+    if ((alloc = mapper->fAllocName))
+    {
+        kern_allocation_update_size(alloc, -mapLength);
+        if ((1 == prior) && mapName && (VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE != _kernelTag))
+        {
+           mapLength = _length;
+            kern_allocation_update_subtotal(mapName, _kernelTag, -mapLength);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return (ret);
 }
 
 IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaMap(
     IOMapper                    * mapper,
+    IODMACommand                * command,
     const IODMAMapSpecification * mapSpec,
     uint64_t                      offset,
     uint64_t                      length,
-    uint64_t                    * address,
-    ppnum_t                     * mapPages)
+    uint64_t                    * mapAddress,
+    uint64_t                    * mapLength)
 {
     IOReturn          err = kIOReturnSuccess;
     ioGMDData *       dataP;
     IOOptionBits      type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
 
-    *address = 0;
+    *mapAddress = 0;
     if (kIOMemoryHostOnly & _flags) return (kIOReturnSuccess);
+    if (kIOMemoryRemote & _flags)   return (kIOReturnNotAttached);
 
     if ((type == kIOMemoryTypePhysical) || (type == kIOMemoryTypePhysical64)
      || offset || (length != _length))
     {
-       err = super::dmaMap(mapper, mapSpec, offset, length, address, mapPages);
+       err = super::dmaMap(mapper, command, mapSpec, offset, length, mapAddress, mapLength);
     }
     else if (_memoryEntries && _pages && (dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries)))
     {
        const ioPLBlock * ioplList = getIOPLList(dataP);
        upl_page_info_t * pageList;
        uint32_t          mapOptions = 0;
-       ppnum_t           base;
 
        IODMAMapSpecification mapSpec;
        bzero(&mapSpec, sizeof(mapSpec));
@@ -3141,18 +3445,29 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaMap(
            pageList = (upl_page_info_t *) ioplList->fPageInfo;
            mapOptions |= kIODMAMapPagingPath;
        }
-       else
-           pageList = getPageList(dataP);
+       else pageList = getPageList(dataP);
 
-    if (!(kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly & _flags)) mapOptions |= kIODMAMapWriteAccess;
+       if ((_length == ptoa_64(_pages)) && !(page_mask & ioplList->fPageOffset))
+       {
+           mapOptions |= kIODMAMapPageListFullyOccupied;
+       }
+
+       assert(dataP->fDMAAccess);
+        mapOptions |= dataP->fDMAAccess;
 
        // Check for direct device non-paged memory
        if (ioplList->fFlags & kIOPLOnDevice) mapOptions |= kIODMAMapPhysicallyContiguous;
 
-       base = mapper->iovmMapMemory(
-                       this, offset, _pages, mapOptions, &pageList[0], &mapSpec);
-       *address = ptoa_64(base) + (ioplList->fPageOffset & PAGE_MASK);
-       if (mapPages) *mapPages = _pages;
+       IODMAMapPageList dmaPageList =
+       {
+               .pageOffset    = (uint32_t)(ioplList->fPageOffset & page_mask),
+               .pageListCount = _pages,
+               .pageList      = &pageList[0]
+       };
+       err = mapper->iovmMapMemory(this, offset, length, mapOptions, &mapSpec, 
+                                   command, &dmaPageList, mapAddress, mapLength);
+
+       if (kIOReturnSuccess == err) dmaMapRecord(mapper, command, *mapLength);
     }
 
     return (err);
@@ -3170,33 +3485,34 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::dmaMap(
 
 IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::prepare(IODirection forDirection)
 {
-    IOReturn error    = kIOReturnSuccess;
+    IOReturn     error    = kIOReturnSuccess;
     IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
 
     if ((kIOMemoryTypePhysical == type) || (kIOMemoryTypePhysical64 == type))
        return kIOReturnSuccess;
 
-    if (_prepareLock)
-       IOLockLock(_prepareLock);
+    assert (!(kIOMemoryRemote & _flags));
+    if (kIOMemoryRemote & _flags) return (kIOReturnNotAttached);
+
+    if (_prepareLock) IOLockLock(_prepareLock);
 
     if (kIOMemoryTypeVirtual == type || kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64 == type || kIOMemoryTypeUIO == type)
     {
-       error = wireVirtual(forDirection);
+        error = wireVirtual(forDirection);
     }
 
     if (kIOReturnSuccess == error)
     {
-       if (1 == ++_wireCount)
-       {
-           if (kIOMemoryClearEncrypt & _flags)
-           {
-               performOperation(kIOMemoryClearEncrypted, 0, _length);
-           }
-       }
+        if (1 == ++_wireCount)
+        {
+            if (kIOMemoryClearEncrypt & _flags)
+            {
+                performOperation(kIOMemoryClearEncrypted, 0, _length);
+            }
+        }
     }
 
-    if (_prepareLock)
-       IOLockUnlock(_prepareLock);
+    if (_prepareLock) IOLockUnlock(_prepareLock);
 
     return error;
 }
@@ -3213,79 +3529,84 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::prepare(IODirection forDirection)
 IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::complete(IODirection forDirection)
 {
     IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
-    ioGMDData * dataP;
+    ioGMDData  * dataP;
 
     if ((kIOMemoryTypePhysical == type) || (kIOMemoryTypePhysical64 == type))
        return kIOReturnSuccess;
 
-    if (_prepareLock)
-       IOLockLock(_prepareLock);
+    assert (!(kIOMemoryRemote & _flags));
+    if (kIOMemoryRemote & _flags) return (kIOReturnNotAttached);
 
-    assert(_wireCount);
+    if (_prepareLock) IOLockLock(_prepareLock);
+    do
+    {
+        assert(_wireCount);
+        if (!_wireCount) break;
+        dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
+        if (!dataP)      break;
 
-    if ((kIODirectionCompleteWithError & forDirection) 
-     && (dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries)))
-        dataP->fCompletionError = true;
+        if (kIODirectionCompleteWithError & forDirection)  dataP->fCompletionError = true;
 
-    if (_wireCount)
-    {
         if ((kIOMemoryClearEncrypt & _flags) && (1 == _wireCount))
         {
             performOperation(kIOMemorySetEncrypted, 0, _length);
         }
 
-       _wireCount--;
-       if (!_wireCount || (kIODirectionCompleteWithDataValid & forDirection))
-       {
-           IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
-           dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
-           ioPLBlock *ioplList = getIOPLList(dataP);
-           UInt ind, count = getNumIOPL(_memoryEntries, dataP);
+        _wireCount--;
+        if (!_wireCount || (kIODirectionCompleteWithDataValid & forDirection))
+        {
+            ioPLBlock *ioplList = getIOPLList(dataP);
+            UInt ind, count = getNumIOPL(_memoryEntries, dataP);
 
-           if (_wireCount)
-           {
-               // kIODirectionCompleteWithDataValid & forDirection
-               if (kIOMemoryTypeVirtual == type || kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64 == type || kIOMemoryTypeUIO == type)
-               {
-                   for (ind = 0; ind < count; ind++)
-                   {
-                       if (ioplList[ind].fIOPL) iopl_valid_data(ioplList[ind].fIOPL);
-                   }
-               }
-           }
-           else
-           {
-#if IOMD_DEBUG_DMAACTIVE
-               if (__iomd_reservedA) panic("complete() while dma active");
-#endif /* IOMD_DEBUG_DMAACTIVE */
+            if (_wireCount)
+            {
+                // kIODirectionCompleteWithDataValid & forDirection
+                if (kIOMemoryTypeVirtual == type || kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64 == type || kIOMemoryTypeUIO == type)
+                {
+                    vm_tag_t tag;
+                    tag = getVMTag(kernel_map);
+                    for (ind = 0; ind < count; ind++)
+                    {
+                        if (ioplList[ind].fIOPL) iopl_valid_data(ioplList[ind].fIOPL, tag);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if (_dmaReferences) panic("complete() while dma active");
 
-               if (dataP->fMappedBase) {
-                   dataP->fMapper->iovmFree(atop_64(dataP->fMappedBase), _pages);
-                   dataP->fMappedBase = 0;
-               }
-               // Only complete iopls that we created which are for TypeVirtual
-               if (kIOMemoryTypeVirtual == type || kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64 == type || kIOMemoryTypeUIO == type) {
-                   for (ind = 0; ind < count; ind++)
-                       if (ioplList[ind].fIOPL) {
-                           if (dataP->fCompletionError) 
-                               upl_abort(ioplList[ind].fIOPL, 0 /*!UPL_ABORT_DUMP_PAGES*/);
-                           else
-                               upl_commit(ioplList[ind].fIOPL, 0, 0);
-                           upl_deallocate(ioplList[ind].fIOPL);
-                       }
-               } else if (kIOMemoryTypeUPL == type) {
-                   upl_set_referenced(ioplList[0].fIOPL, false);
-               }
+                if (dataP->fMappedBaseValid) {
+                    dmaUnmap(dataP->fMapper, NULL, 0, dataP->fMappedBase, dataP->fMappedLength);
+                    dataP->fMappedBaseValid = dataP->fMappedBase = 0;
+                }
+#if IOTRACKING
+               if (dataP->fWireTracking.link.next) IOTrackingRemove(gIOWireTracking, &dataP->fWireTracking, ptoa(_pages));
+#endif /* IOTRACKING */
+                // Only complete iopls that we created which are for TypeVirtual
+                if (kIOMemoryTypeVirtual == type || kIOMemoryTypeVirtual64 == type || kIOMemoryTypeUIO == type)
+                {
+                    for (ind = 0; ind < count; ind++)
+                        if (ioplList[ind].fIOPL) {
+                            if (dataP->fCompletionError)
+                                upl_abort(ioplList[ind].fIOPL, 0 /*!UPL_ABORT_DUMP_PAGES*/);
+                            else
+                                upl_commit(ioplList[ind].fIOPL, 0, 0);
+                            upl_deallocate(ioplList[ind].fIOPL);
+                        }
+                } else if (kIOMemoryTypeUPL == type) {
+                    upl_set_referenced(ioplList[0].fIOPL, false);
+                }
 
-               (void) _memoryEntries->initWithBytes(dataP, computeDataSize(0, 0)); // == setLength()
+                (void) _memoryEntries->initWithBytes(dataP, computeDataSize(0, 0)); // == setLength()
 
-               dataP->fPreparationID = kIOPreparationIDUnprepared;
-           }
-       }
+                dataP->fPreparationID = kIOPreparationIDUnprepared;
+                _flags &= ~kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly;
+            }
+        }
     }
+    while (false);
 
-    if (_prepareLock)
-       IOLockUnlock(_prepareLock);
+    if (_prepareLock) IOLockUnlock(_prepareLock);
 
     return kIOReturnSuccess;
 }
@@ -3296,7 +3617,6 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::doMap(
        IOOptionBits            options,
        IOByteCount             __offset,
        IOByteCount             __length )
-
 {
 #ifndef __LP64__
     if (!(kIOMap64Bit & options)) panic("IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::doMap !64bit");
@@ -3317,6 +3637,9 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::doMap(
     if ((offset >= _length) || ((offset + length) > _length))
        return( kIOReturnBadArgument );
 
+    assert (!(kIOMemoryRemote & _flags));
+    if (kIOMemoryRemote & _flags) return (0);
+
     if (vec.v)
        getAddrLenForInd(range0Addr, range0Len, type, vec, 0);
 
@@ -3325,6 +3648,7 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::doMap(
      && (mapping->fAddressTask == _task)
      && (mapping->fAddressMap == get_task_map(_task)) 
      && (options & kIOMapAnywhere)
+     && (!(kIOMapUnique & options))
      && (1 == _rangesCount) 
      && (0 == offset)
      && range0Addr 
@@ -3361,10 +3685,10 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::doMap(
     {
         do
        {
-           upl_t          redirUPL2;
-           vm_size_t      size;
-           int            flags;
-           unsigned int   lock_count;
+           upl_t               redirUPL2;
+           upl_size_t          size;
+           upl_control_flags_t flags;
+           unsigned int        lock_count;
 
            if (!_memRef || (1 != _memRef->count))
            {
@@ -3378,7 +3702,7 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::doMap(
 
            if (KERN_SUCCESS != memory_object_iopl_request(_memRef->entries[0].entry, 0, &size, &redirUPL2,
                                            NULL, NULL,
-                                           &flags))
+                                           &flags, getVMTag(kernel_map)))
                redirUPL2 = NULL;
 
            for (lock_count = 0;
@@ -3419,15 +3743,19 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::doMap(
     // upl_transpose> //
     else
     {
-       err = memoryReferenceMap(_memRef, mapping->fAddressMap, offset, length, options, &mapping->fAddress);
-
+        err = memoryReferenceMap(_memRef, mapping->fAddressMap, offset, length, options, &mapping->fAddress);
+#if IOTRACKING
+        if ((err == KERN_SUCCESS) && ((kIOTracking & gIOKitDebug) || _task))
+        {
+           // only dram maps in the default on developement case
+           IOTrackingAddUser(gIOMapTracking, &mapping->fTracking, mapping->fLength);
+       }
+#endif /* IOTRACKING */
        if ((err == KERN_SUCCESS) && pager)
        {
            err = populateDevicePager(pager, mapping->fAddressMap, mapping->fAddress, offset, length, options);
-           if (err != KERN_SUCCESS)
-           {
-               doUnmap(mapping->fAddressMap, (IOVirtualAddress) mapping, 0);
-           }
+
+           if (err != KERN_SUCCESS) doUnmap(mapping->fAddressMap, (IOVirtualAddress) mapping, 0);
            else if (kIOMapDefaultCache == (options & kIOMapCacheMask))
            {
                mapping->fOptions |= ((_flags & kIOMemoryBufferCacheMask) >> kIOMemoryBufferCacheShift);
@@ -3438,6 +3766,25 @@ IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::doMap(
     return (err);
 }
 
+#if IOTRACKING
+IOReturn
+IOMemoryMapTracking(IOTrackingUser * tracking, task_t * task,
+                   mach_vm_address_t * address, mach_vm_size_t * size)
+{
+#define iomap_offsetof(type, field) ((size_t)(&((type *)0)->field))
+
+    IOMemoryMap * map = (typeof(map)) (((uintptr_t) tracking) - iomap_offsetof(IOMemoryMap, fTracking));
+
+    if (!map->fAddressMap || (map->fAddressMap != get_task_map(map->fAddressTask))) return (kIOReturnNotReady);
+
+    *task    = map->fAddressTask;
+    *address = map->fAddress;
+    *size    = map->fLength;
+
+    return (kIOReturnSuccess);
+}
+#endif /* IOTRACKING */
+
 IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::doUnmap(
        vm_map_t                addressMap,
        IOVirtualAddress        __address,
@@ -3561,8 +3908,17 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::populateDevicePager(
     mach_vm_size_t     page;
     mach_vm_size_t     pageOffset;
     mach_vm_size_t     pagerOffset;
-    IOPhysicalLength   segLen;
+    IOPhysicalLength   segLen, chunk;
     addr64_t           physAddr;
+    IOOptionBits        type;
+
+    type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
+
+    if (reserved->dp.pagerContig)
+    {
+        sourceOffset = 0;
+        pagerOffset  = 0;
+    }
 
     physAddr = getPhysicalSegment( sourceOffset, &segLen, kIOMemoryMapperNone );
     assert( physAddr );
@@ -3583,26 +3939,24 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::populateDevicePager(
 
        if (kIOReturnSuccess != err) break;
 
-       if (reserved && reserved->dp.pagerContig)
+#if DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT
+        if ((kIOMemoryTypeUPL != type) 
+            && pmap_has_managed_page(atop_64(physAddr), atop_64(physAddr + segLen - 1))) 
        {
-           IOPhysicalLength    allLen;
-           addr64_t            allPhys;
+            OSReportWithBacktrace("IOMemoryDescriptor physical with managed page 0x%qx:0x%qx", physAddr, segLen);
+        }
+#endif /* DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT */
+
+        chunk = (reserved->dp.pagerContig ? round_page(segLen) : page_size);
+        for (page = 0;
+            (page < segLen) && (KERN_SUCCESS == err);
+            page += chunk)
+        {
+            err = device_pager_populate_object(pager, pagerOffset,
+                (ppnum_t)(atop_64(physAddr + page)), chunk);
+            pagerOffset += chunk;
+        }
 
-           allPhys = getPhysicalSegment( 0, &allLen, kIOMemoryMapperNone );
-           assert( allPhys );
-           err = device_pager_populate_object( pager, 0, atop_64(allPhys), round_page(allLen) );
-       }
-       else
-       {
-           for( page = 0;
-                (page < segLen) && (KERN_SUCCESS == err);
-                page += page_size)
-           {
-               err = device_pager_populate_object(pager, pagerOffset,
-                       (ppnum_t)(atop_64(physAddr + page)), page_size);
-               pagerOffset += page_size;
-           }
-       }
        assert (KERN_SUCCESS == err);
        if (err) break;
 
@@ -3611,11 +3965,14 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::populateDevicePager(
        // faulting in later can't take place from interrupt level.
        if ((addressMap == kernel_map) && !(kIOMemoryRedirected & _flags))
        {
-           vm_fault(addressMap, 
-                    (vm_map_offset_t)trunc_page_64(address),
-                    VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, 
-                    FALSE, THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 
-                    (vm_map_offset_t)0);
+           err = vm_fault(addressMap, 
+                          (vm_map_offset_t)trunc_page_64(address),
+                          options & kIOMapReadOnly ? VM_PROT_READ : VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, 
+                          FALSE, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE,
+                          THREAD_UNINT, NULL,
+                          (vm_map_offset_t)0);
+
+           if (KERN_SUCCESS != err) break;
        }
 
        sourceOffset += segLen - pageOffset;
@@ -3637,31 +3994,32 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::doUnmap(
        IOByteCount             __length )
 {
     IOReturn         err;
+    IOMemoryMap *     mapping;
     mach_vm_address_t address;
     mach_vm_size_t    length;
 
-    if (__length)
-    {
-       address = __address;
-       length  = __length;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-       addressMap = ((IOMemoryMap *) __address)->fAddressMap;
-       address    = ((IOMemoryMap *) __address)->fAddress;
-       length     = ((IOMemoryMap *) __address)->fLength;
-    }
+    if (__length) panic("doUnmap");
 
-    if ((addressMap == kernel_map) && (kIOMemoryBufferPageable & _flags))
-       addressMap = IOPageableMapForAddress( address );
+    mapping = (IOMemoryMap *) __address;
+    addressMap = mapping->fAddressMap;
+    address    = mapping->fAddress;
+    length     = mapping->fLength;
 
+    if (kIOMapOverwrite & mapping->fOptions) err = KERN_SUCCESS;
+    else
+    {
+        if ((addressMap == kernel_map) && (kIOMemoryBufferPageable & _flags))
+            addressMap = IOPageableMapForAddress( address );
 #if DEBUG
-    if( kIOLogMapping & gIOKitDebug)
-       IOLog("IOMemoryDescriptor::doUnmap map %p, 0x%qx:0x%qx\n",
-               addressMap, address, length );
+        if( kIOLogMapping & gIOKitDebug) IOLog("IOMemoryDescriptor::doUnmap map %p, 0x%qx:0x%qx\n",
+                                               addressMap, address, length );
 #endif
+        err = mach_vm_deallocate( addressMap, address, length );
+    }
 
-    err = mach_vm_deallocate( addressMap, address, length );
+#if IOTRACKING
+    IOTrackingRemoveUser(gIOMapTracking, &mapping->fTracking);
+#endif /* IOTRACKING */
 
     return (err);
 }
@@ -3774,7 +4132,7 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryMap::unmap( void )
     LOCK;
 
     if( fAddress && fAddressMap && (0 == fSuperMap) && fMemory
-       && (0 == (fOptions & kIOMapStatic))) {
+        && (0 == (kIOMapStatic & fOptions))) {
 
         err = fMemory->doUnmap(fAddressMap, (IOVirtualAddress) this, 0);
 
@@ -3797,8 +4155,11 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryMap::unmap( void )
 void IOMemoryMap::taskDied( void )
 {
     LOCK;
-    if (fUserClientUnmap)
-       unmap();
+    if (fUserClientUnmap) unmap();
+#if IOTRACKING
+    else                  IOTrackingRemoveUser(gIOMapTracking, &fTracking);
+#endif /* IOTRACKING */
+
     if( fAddressMap) {
         vm_map_deallocate(fAddressMap);
         fAddressMap = 0;
@@ -3958,10 +4319,12 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryMap::wireRange(
     IOReturn kr;
     mach_vm_address_t start = trunc_page_64(fAddress + offset);
     mach_vm_address_t end   = round_page_64(fAddress + offset + length);
-    
-    if (kIODirectionOutIn & options)
+    vm_prot_t prot;
+
+    prot = (kIODirectionOutIn & options);
+    if (prot)
     {
-       kr = vm_map_wire(fAddressMap, start, end, (kIODirectionOutIn & options), FALSE);
+       kr = vm_map_wire_kernel(fAddressMap, start, end, prot, fMemory->getVMTag(kernel_map), FALSE);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -4009,9 +4372,13 @@ void IOMemoryDescriptor::initialize( void )
 
 void IOMemoryDescriptor::free( void )
 {
-    if( _mappings)
-       _mappings->release();
+    if( _mappings) _mappings->release();
 
+    if (reserved)
+    {
+       IODelete(reserved, IOMemoryDescriptorReserved, 1);
+       reserved = NULL;
+    }
     super::free();
 }
 
@@ -4117,12 +4484,12 @@ IOReturn IOMemoryMap::redirect(IOMemoryDescriptor * newBackingMemory,
 
        if (!fRedirUPL && fMemory->_memRef && (1 == fMemory->_memRef->count))
        {
-           vm_size_t size = round_page(fLength);
-           int flags = UPL_COPYOUT_FROM | UPL_SET_INTERNAL 
-                       | UPL_SET_LITE | UPL_SET_IO_WIRE | UPL_BLOCK_ACCESS;
+           upl_size_t          size = round_page(fLength);
+           upl_control_flags_t flags = UPL_COPYOUT_FROM | UPL_SET_INTERNAL 
+                                       | UPL_SET_LITE | UPL_SET_IO_WIRE | UPL_BLOCK_ACCESS;
            if (KERN_SUCCESS != memory_object_iopl_request(fMemory->_memRef->entries[0].entry, 0, &size, &fRedirUPL,
                                            NULL, NULL,
-                                           &flags))
+                                           &flags, fMemory->getVMTag(kernel_map)))
                fRedirUPL = 0;
 
            if (physMem)
@@ -4175,9 +4542,8 @@ IOMemoryMap * IOMemoryDescriptor::makeMapping(
     if (!(kIOMap64Bit & options)) panic("IOMemoryDescriptor::makeMapping !64bit");
 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
 
-    IOMemoryDescriptor * mapDesc = 0;
-    IOMemoryMap *       result = 0;
-    OSIterator *        iter;
+    IOMemoryDescriptor *  mapDesc = 0;
+    __block IOMemoryMap * result  = 0;
 
     IOMemoryMap *  mapping = (IOMemoryMap *) __address;
     mach_vm_size_t offset  = mapping->fOffset + __offset;
@@ -4222,20 +4588,17 @@ IOMemoryMap * IOMemoryDescriptor::makeMapping(
        else
        {
            // look for a compatible existing mapping
-           if( (iter = OSCollectionIterator::withCollection(_mappings)))
+           if (_mappings) _mappings->iterateObjects(^(OSObject * object)
            {
-               IOMemoryMap * lookMapping;
-               while ((lookMapping = (IOMemoryMap *) iter->getNextObject()))
+               IOMemoryMap * lookMapping = (IOMemoryMap *) object;
+               if ((result = lookMapping->copyCompatible(mapping)))
                {
-                   if ((result = lookMapping->copyCompatible(mapping)))
-                   {
-                       addMapping(result);
-                       result->setMemoryDescriptor(this, offset);
-                       break;
-                   }
+                   addMapping(result);
+                   result->setMemoryDescriptor(this, offset);
+                   return (true);
                }
-               iter->release();
-           }
+               return (false);
+           });
            if (result || (options & kIOMapReference))
            {
                if (result != mapping)
@@ -4355,16 +4718,17 @@ void * IOMemoryDescriptor::getVirtualSegment(IOByteCount offset,
 
 bool IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::serialize(OSSerialize * s) const
 {
-    OSSymbol const *keys[2];
-    OSObject *values[2];
+    OSSymbol const *keys[2] = {0};
+    OSObject *values[2] = {0};
     OSArray * array;
+    vm_size_t vcopy_size;
 
     struct SerData {
        user_addr_t address;
        user_size_t length;
-    } *vcopy;
+    } *vcopy = NULL;
     unsigned int index, nRanges;
-    bool result;
+    bool result = false;
 
     IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
 
@@ -4374,17 +4738,19 @@ bool IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::serialize(OSSerialize * s) const
     if (!array)  return (false);
 
     nRanges = _rangesCount;
-    vcopy = (SerData *) IOMalloc(sizeof(SerData) * nRanges);
-    if (vcopy == 0) return false;
+    if (os_mul_overflow(sizeof(SerData), nRanges, &vcopy_size)) {
+        result = false;
+        goto bail;
+    }
+    vcopy = (SerData *) IOMalloc(vcopy_size);
+    if (vcopy == 0) {
+        result = false;
+        goto bail;
+    }
 
     keys[0] = OSSymbol::withCString("address");
     keys[1] = OSSymbol::withCString("length");
 
-    result = false;
-    values[0] = values[1] = 0;
-
-    // From this point on we can go to bail.
-
     // Copy the volatile data so we don't have to allocate memory
     // while the lock is held.
     LOCK;
@@ -4444,151 +4810,13 @@ bool IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::serialize(OSSerialize * s) const
     if (keys[1])
       keys[1]->release();
     if (vcopy)
-        IOFree(vcopy, sizeof(SerData) * nRanges);
+      IOFree(vcopy, vcopy_size);
 
     return result;
 }
 
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
 
-#if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
-
-extern "C" void IOMemoryDescriptorTest(int x)
-{
-    IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor * md;
-
-    vm_offset_t data[2];
-    vm_size_t  bsize = 16*1024*1024;
-
-    vm_size_t  srcsize, srcoffset, mapoffset, size;
-    
-    kern_return_t kr;
-
-    kr = vm_allocate(kernel_map, &data[0], bsize, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
-    vm_inherit(kernel_map, data[0] + 1*4096, 4096, VM_INHERIT_NONE);
-    vm_inherit(kernel_map, data[0] + 16*4096, 4096, VM_INHERIT_NONE);
-
-    kprintf("data 0x%lx, 0x%lx\n", (long)data[0], (long)data[1]);
-
-    uint32_t idx, offidx;
-    for (idx = 0; idx < (bsize / sizeof(uint32_t)); idx++)
-    {
-       ((uint32_t*)data[0])[idx] = idx;    
-    }
-
-    for (srcoffset = 0; srcoffset < bsize; srcoffset = ((srcoffset << 1) + 0x40c))
-    {
-       for (srcsize = 4; srcsize < (bsize - srcoffset - 1); srcsize = ((srcsize << 1) + 0x3fc))
-       {
-           IOAddressRange ranges[3];
-           uint32_t rangeCount = 1;
-
-           bzero(&ranges[0], sizeof(ranges));
-           ranges[0].address = data[0] + srcoffset;
-           ranges[0].length  = srcsize;
-
-           if (srcsize > 5*page_size)
-           {
-               ranges[0].length  = 7634;
-               ranges[1].length  = 9870;
-               ranges[2].length  = srcsize - ranges[0].length - ranges[1].length;
-               ranges[1].address = ranges[0].address + ranges[0].length;
-               ranges[2].address = ranges[1].address + ranges[1].length;
-               rangeCount = 3;     
-           }
-           else if ((srcsize > 2*page_size) && !(page_mask & srcoffset))
-           {
-               ranges[0].length  = 4096;
-               ranges[1].length  = 4096;
-               ranges[2].length  = srcsize - ranges[0].length - ranges[1].length;
-               ranges[0].address = data[0] + srcoffset + 4096;
-               ranges[1].address = data[0] + srcoffset;
-               ranges[2].address = ranges[0].address + ranges[0].length;
-               rangeCount = 3;     
-           }
-
-           md = OSDynamicCast(IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor, 
-               IOMemoryDescriptor::withAddressRanges(&ranges[0], rangeCount, kIODirectionInOut, kernel_task));
-           assert(md);
-
-           kprintf("IOMemoryReferenceCreate [0x%lx @ 0x%lx]\n[0x%llx, 0x%llx],\n[0x%llx, 0x%llx],\n[0x%llx, 0x%llx]\n", 
-                   (long) srcsize, (long) srcoffset,
-                   (long long) ranges[0].address - data[0], (long long) ranges[0].length,
-                   (long long) ranges[1].address - data[0], (long long) ranges[1].length,
-                   (long long) ranges[2].address - data[0], (long long) ranges[2].length);
-
-           if (kIOReturnSuccess == kr)
-           {
-               for (mapoffset = 0; mapoffset < srcsize; mapoffset = ((mapoffset << 1) + 0xf00))
-               {
-                   for (size = 4; size < (srcsize - mapoffset - 1); size = ((size << 1) + 0x20))
-                   {
-                       IOMemoryMap     * map;
-                       mach_vm_address_t addr = 0;
-                       uint32_t          data;
-
-                       kprintf("<mapRef [0x%lx @ 0x%lx]\n", (long) size, (long) mapoffset);
-
-                       map = md->createMappingInTask(kernel_task, 0, kIOMapAnywhere, mapoffset, size);
-                       if (map) addr = map->getAddress();
-                       else kr = kIOReturnError;
-
-                       kprintf(">mapRef 0x%x %llx\n", kr, addr);
-
-                       if (kIOReturnSuccess != kr) break;
-                       kr = md->prepare();
-                       if (kIOReturnSuccess != kr)
-                       {
-                           kprintf("prepare() fail 0x%x\n", kr);
-                           break;
-                       }
-                       for (idx = 0; idx < size; idx += sizeof(uint32_t))
-                       {
-                           offidx = (idx + mapoffset + srcoffset);
-                           if ((srcsize <= 5*page_size) && (srcsize > 2*page_size) && !(page_mask & srcoffset))
-                           {
-                               if (offidx < 8192) offidx ^= 0x1000;
-                           }
-                           offidx /= sizeof(uint32_t);
-
-                           if (offidx != ((uint32_t*)addr)[idx/sizeof(uint32_t)]) 
-                           {
-                               kprintf("vm mismatch @ 0x%x, 0x%lx, 0x%lx, \n", idx, (long) srcoffset, (long) mapoffset);
-                               kr = kIOReturnBadMedia;
-                           }
-                           else
-                           {
-                               if (sizeof(data) != md->readBytes(mapoffset + idx, &data, sizeof(data))) data = 0;
-                               if (offidx != data) 
-                               {
-                                   kprintf("phys mismatch @ 0x%x, 0x%lx, 0x%lx, \n", idx, (long) srcoffset, (long) mapoffset);
-                                   kr = kIOReturnBadMedia;
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                       md->complete();
-                       map->release();
-                       kprintf("unmapRef %llx\n", addr);
-                   }
-                   if (kIOReturnSuccess != kr) break;
-               }
-           }
-            if (kIOReturnSuccess != kr) break;
-       }
-       if (kIOReturnSuccess != kr) break;
-    }
-
-    if (kIOReturnSuccess != kr) kprintf("FAIL: src 0x%lx @ 0x%lx, map 0x%lx @ 0x%lx\n", 
-                                       (long) srcsize, (long) srcoffset, (long) size, (long) mapoffset);
-
-    vm_deallocate(kernel_map, data[0], bsize);
-//    vm_deallocate(kernel_map, data[1], size);
-}
-
-#endif  /* DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG */
-
-/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
-
 OSMetaClassDefineReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor, 0);
 #ifdef __LP64__
 OSMetaClassDefineReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor, 1);