]> git.saurik.com Git - apple/xnu.git/blobdiff - bsd/vfs/vfs_subr.c
xnu-2050.22.13.tar.gz
[apple/xnu.git] / bsd / vfs / vfs_subr.c
index d1b2931df16ae780ff8754357eda78471254b090..1c8bfc50e4f34e5a86b5c7028150f8b0be00c7b5 100644 (file)
@@ -1,23 +1,29 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000-2012 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
  *
- * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
+ * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
  * 
- * The contents of this file constitute Original Code as defined in and
- * are subject to the Apple Public Source License Version 1.1 (the
- * "License").  You may not use this file except in compliance with the
- * License.  Please obtain a copy of the License at
- * http://www.apple.com/publicsource and read it before using this file.
+ * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
+ * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
+ * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
+ * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
+ * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
+ * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
+ * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
+ * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
  * 
- * This Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
- * distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
+ * Please obtain a copy of the License at
+ * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
+ * 
+ * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
+ * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.  Please see the
- * License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
- * under the License.
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
+ * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
+ * limitations under the License.
  * 
- * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
+ * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
  */
 /* Copyright (c) 1995 NeXT Computer, Inc. All Rights Reserved */
 /*
  *
  *     @(#)vfs_subr.c  8.31 (Berkeley) 5/26/95
  */
+/*
+ * NOTICE: This file was modified by SPARTA, Inc. in 2005 to introduce
+ * support for mandatory and extensible security protections.  This notice
+ * is included in support of clause 2.2 (b) of the Apple Public License,
+ * Version 2.0.
+ */
 
 /*
  * External virtual filesystem routines
  */
 
-#undef DIAGNOSTIC
-#define DIAGNOSTIC 1
 
 #include <sys/param.h>
 #include <sys/systm.h>
@@ -74,6 +84,7 @@
 #include <sys/mount_internal.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/lock.h>
+#include <sys/vnode.h>
 #include <sys/vnode_internal.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/namei.h>
@@ -81,6 +92,8 @@
 #include <sys/buf_internal.h>
 #include <sys/errno.h>
 #include <sys/malloc.h>
+#include <sys/uio_internal.h>
+#include <sys/uio.h>
 #include <sys/domain.h>
 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
 #include <sys/syslog.h>
 #include <sys/kdebug.h>
 #include <sys/kauth.h>
 #include <sys/user.h>
+#include <sys/systm.h>
+#include <sys/kern_memorystatus.h>
+#include <sys/lockf.h>
 #include <miscfs/fifofs/fifo.h>
 
 #include <string.h>
 
 
 #include <kern/assert.h>
+#include <mach/kern_return.h>
+#include <kern/thread.h>
+#include <kern/sched_prim.h>
 
 #include <miscfs/specfs/specdev.h>
 
 #include <mach/mach_types.h>
 #include <mach/memory_object_types.h>
+#include <mach/memory_object_control.h>
+
+#include <kern/kalloc.h>       /* kalloc()/kfree() */
+#include <kern/clock.h>                /* delay_for_interval() */
+#include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>  /* OSAddAtomic() */
+
+
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+#include <libkern/OSDebug.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <vm/vm_protos.h>      /* vnode_pager_vrele() */
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+#include <security/mac_framework.h>
+#endif
 
 extern lck_grp_t *vnode_lck_grp;
 extern lck_attr_t *vnode_lck_attr;
 
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+extern lck_grp_t *trigger_vnode_lck_grp;
+extern lck_attr_t *trigger_vnode_lck_attr;
+#endif
 
 extern lck_mtx_t * mnt_list_mtx_lock;
 
@@ -120,37 +159,88 @@ int       vttoif_tab[9] = {
        S_IFSOCK, S_IFIFO, S_IFMT,
 };
 
-extern int ubc_isinuse_locked(vnode_t, int, int);
+
+/* XXX These should be in a BSD accessible Mach header, but aren't. */
+extern void             memory_object_mark_used(
+       memory_object_control_t         control);
+
+extern void             memory_object_mark_unused(
+       memory_object_control_t         control,
+       boolean_t                       rage);
+
+
+/* XXX next protptype should be from <nfs/nfs.h> */
+extern int       nfs_vinvalbuf(vnode_t, int, vfs_context_t, int);
+
+/* XXX next prototytype should be from libsa/stdlib.h> but conflicts libkern */
+__private_extern__ void qsort(
+    void * array,
+    size_t nmembers,
+    size_t member_size,
+    int (*)(const void *, const void *));
+
 extern kern_return_t adjust_vm_object_cache(vm_size_t oval, vm_size_t nval);
+__private_extern__ void vntblinit(void);
+__private_extern__ kern_return_t reset_vmobjectcache(unsigned int val1,
+                       unsigned int val2);
+__private_extern__ int unlink1(vfs_context_t, struct nameidata *, int);
+
+extern int system_inshutdown;
 
 static void vnode_list_add(vnode_t);
+static void vnode_async_list_add(vnode_t);
 static void vnode_list_remove(vnode_t);
+static void vnode_list_remove_locked(vnode_t);
 
+static void vnode_abort_advlocks(vnode_t);
 static errno_t vnode_drain(vnode_t);
-static void vgone(vnode_t);
-static void vclean(vnode_t vp, int flag, proc_t p);
-static void vnode_reclaim_internal(vnode_t, int, int);
+static void vgone(vnode_t, int flags);
+static void vclean(vnode_t vp, int flag);
+static void vnode_reclaim_internal(vnode_t, int, int, int);
 
-static void vnode_dropiocount (vnode_t, int);
-static errno_t vnode_getiocount(vnode_t vp, int locked, int vid, int vflags);
-static int vget_internal(vnode_t, int, int);
+static void vnode_dropiocount (vnode_t);
 
 static vnode_t checkalias(vnode_t vp, dev_t nvp_rdev);
 static int  vnode_reload(vnode_t);
 static int  vnode_isinuse_locked(vnode_t, int, int);
 
 static void insmntque(vnode_t vp, mount_t mp);
-mount_t mount_list_lookupby_fsid(fsid_t *, int, int);
 static int mount_getvfscnt(void);
 static int mount_fillfsids(fsid_t *, int );
 static void vnode_iterate_setup(mount_t);
-static int vnode_umount_preflight(mount_t, vnode_t, int);
+int vnode_umount_preflight(mount_t, vnode_t, int);
 static int vnode_iterate_prepare(mount_t);
 static int vnode_iterate_reloadq(mount_t);
 static void vnode_iterate_clear(mount_t);
+static mount_t vfs_getvfs_locked(fsid_t *);
+static int vn_create_reg(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct nameidata *ndp,
+               struct vnode_attr *vap, uint32_t flags, int fmode, uint32_t *statusp, vfs_context_t ctx);
+static int vnode_authattr_new_internal(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int noauth, uint32_t *defaulted_fieldsp, vfs_context_t ctx);
+
+errno_t rmdir_remove_orphaned_appleDouble(vnode_t, vfs_context_t, int *); 
+
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+static void record_vp(vnode_t vp, int count);
+#endif
+
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+static int vnode_resolver_create(mount_t, vnode_t, struct vnode_trigger_param *, boolean_t external);
+static void vnode_resolver_detach(vnode_t);
+#endif
 
 TAILQ_HEAD(freelst, vnode) vnode_free_list;    /* vnode free list */
-TAILQ_HEAD(inactivelst, vnode) vnode_inactive_list;    /* vnode inactive list */
+TAILQ_HEAD(deadlst, vnode) vnode_dead_list;    /* vnode dead list */
+TAILQ_HEAD(async_work_lst, vnode) vnode_async_work_list;
+
+
+TAILQ_HEAD(ragelst, vnode) vnode_rage_list;    /* vnode rapid age list */
+struct timeval rage_tv;
+int    rage_limit = 0;
+int    ragevnodes = 0;                    
+
+#define RAGE_LIMIT_MIN 100
+#define RAGE_TIME_LIMIT        5
+
 struct mntlist mountlist;                      /* mounted filesystem list */
 static int nummounts = 0;
 
@@ -158,18 +248,8 @@ static int nummounts = 0;
 #define VLISTCHECK(fun, vp, list)      \
        if ((vp)->v_freelist.tqe_prev == (struct vnode **)0xdeadb) \
                panic("%s: %s vnode not on %slist", (fun), (list), (list));
-
-#define VINACTIVECHECK(fun, vp, expected)      \
-       do {    \
-               int __is_inactive = ISSET((vp)->v_flag, VUINACTIVE);    \
-               if (__is_inactive ^ expected)   \
-                       panic("%s: %sinactive vnode, expected %s", (fun),       \
-                               __is_inactive? "" : "not ",     \
-                               expected? "inactive": "not inactive"); \
-       } while(0)
 #else
 #define VLISTCHECK(fun, vp, list)
-#define VINACTIVECHECK(fun, vp, expected)
 #endif /* DIAGNOSTIC */
 
 #define VLISTNONE(vp)  \
@@ -190,34 +270,49 @@ static int nummounts = 0;
                freevnodes--;   \
        } while(0)
 
-/* remove a vnode from inactive vnode list */
-#define VREMINACTIVE(fun, vp)  \
+
+/* remove a vnode from dead vnode list */
+#define VREMDEAD(fun, vp)      \
        do {    \
-               VLISTCHECK((fun), (vp), "inactive"); \
-               VINACTIVECHECK((fun), (vp), VUINACTIVE); \
-               TAILQ_REMOVE(&vnode_inactive_list, (vp), v_freelist); \
-               CLR((vp)->v_flag, VUINACTIVE); \
+               VLISTCHECK((fun), (vp), "dead");        \
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&vnode_dead_list, (vp), v_freelist);       \
                VLISTNONE((vp));        \
-               inactivevnodes--;       \
+               vp->v_listflag &= ~VLIST_DEAD;  \
+               deadvnodes--;   \
+       } while(0)
+
+
+/* remove a vnode from async work vnode list */
+#define VREMASYNC_WORK(fun, vp)        \
+       do {    \
+               VLISTCHECK((fun), (vp), "async_work");  \
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&vnode_async_work_list, (vp), v_freelist); \
+               VLISTNONE((vp));        \
+               vp->v_listflag &= ~VLIST_ASYNC_WORK;    \
+               async_work_vnodes--;    \
+       } while(0)
+
+
+/* remove a vnode from rage vnode list */
+#define VREMRAGE(fun, vp)      \
+       do {    \
+               if ( !(vp->v_listflag & VLIST_RAGE))                    \
+                       panic("VREMRAGE: vp not on rage list");         \
+               VLISTCHECK((fun), (vp), "rage");                        \
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&vnode_rage_list, (vp), v_freelist);       \
+               VLISTNONE((vp));                \
+               vp->v_listflag &= ~VLIST_RAGE;  \
+               ragevnodes--;                   \
        } while(0)
 
-/*
- * Have to declare first two locks as actual data even if !MACH_SLOCKS, since
- * a pointers to them get passed around.
- */
-void * mntvnode_slock;
-void * mntid_slock;
-void * spechash_slock;
 
 /*
- * vnodetarget is the amount of vnodes we expect to get back 
- * from the the inactive vnode list and VM object cache.
- * As vnreclaim() is a mainly cpu bound operation for faster 
- * processers this number could be higher.
- * Having this number too high introduces longer delays in 
- * the execution of new_vnode().
+ * vnodetarget hasn't been used in a long time, but
+ * it was exported for some reason... I'm leaving in
+ * place for now...  it should be deprecated out of the
+ * exports and removed eventually.
  */
-unsigned long vnodetarget;             /* target for vnreclaim() */
+u_int32_t vnodetarget;         /* target for vnreclaim() */
 #define VNODE_FREE_TARGET      20      /* Default value for vnodetarget */
 
 /*
@@ -226,21 +321,10 @@ unsigned long vnodetarget;                /* target for vnreclaim() */
  * cache. Having too few vnodes on the free list causes serious disk
  * thrashing as we cycle through them.
  */
-#define VNODE_FREE_MIN         300     /* freelist should have at least these many */
+#define VNODE_FREE_MIN         CONFIG_VNODE_FREE_MIN   /* freelist should have at least this many */
 
-/*
- * We need to get vnodes back from the VM object cache when a certain #
- * of vnodes are reused from the freelist. This is essential for the
- * caching to be effective in the namecache and the buffer cache [for the
- * metadata].
- */
-#define        VNODE_TOOMANY_REUSED    (VNODE_FREE_MIN/4)
 
-/*
- * If we have enough vnodes on the freelist we do not want to reclaim
- * the vnodes from the VM object cache.
- */
-#define VNODE_FREE_ENOUGH      (VNODE_FREE_MIN + (VNODE_FREE_MIN/2))
+static void async_work_continue(void);
 
 /*
  * Initialize the vnode management data structures.
@@ -248,18 +332,34 @@ unsigned long vnodetarget;                /* target for vnreclaim() */
 __private_extern__ void
 vntblinit(void)
 {
+       thread_t        thread = THREAD_NULL;
+
        TAILQ_INIT(&vnode_free_list);
-       TAILQ_INIT(&vnode_inactive_list);
+       TAILQ_INIT(&vnode_rage_list);
+       TAILQ_INIT(&vnode_dead_list);
+       TAILQ_INIT(&vnode_async_work_list);
        TAILQ_INIT(&mountlist);
 
        if (!vnodetarget)
                vnodetarget = VNODE_FREE_TARGET;
 
+       microuptime(&rage_tv);
+       rage_limit = desiredvnodes / 100;
+
+       if (rage_limit < RAGE_LIMIT_MIN)
+               rage_limit = RAGE_LIMIT_MIN;
+       
        /*
         * Scale the vm_object_cache to accomodate the vnodes 
         * we want to cache
         */
        (void) adjust_vm_object_cache(0, desiredvnodes - VNODE_FREE_MIN);
+
+       /*
+        * create worker threads
+        */
+       kernel_thread_start((thread_continue_t)async_work_continue, NULL, &thread);
+       thread_deallocate(thread);
 }
 
 /* Reset the VM Object Cache with the values passed in */
@@ -269,6 +369,10 @@ reset_vmobjectcache(unsigned int val1, unsigned int val2)
        vm_size_t oval = val1 - VNODE_FREE_MIN;
        vm_size_t nval;
        
+       if (val1 == val2) {
+               return KERN_SUCCESS;
+       }
+
        if(val2 < VNODE_FREE_MIN)
                nval = 0;
        else
@@ -280,7 +384,7 @@ reset_vmobjectcache(unsigned int val1, unsigned int val2)
 
 /* the timeout is in 10 msecs */
 int
-vnode_waitforwrites(vnode_t vp, int output_target, int slpflag, int slptimeout, char *msg) {
+vnode_waitforwrites(vnode_t vp, int output_target, int slpflag, int slptimeout, const char *msg) {
         int error = 0;
        struct timespec ts;
 
@@ -288,18 +392,21 @@ vnode_waitforwrites(vnode_t vp, int output_target, int slpflag, int slptimeout,
 
        if (vp->v_numoutput > output_target) {
 
-               slpflag &= ~PDROP;
+               slpflag |= PDROP;
 
-               vnode_lock(vp);
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
 
                while ((vp->v_numoutput > output_target) && error == 0) {
                        if (output_target)
                                vp->v_flag |= VTHROTTLED;
                        else
                                vp->v_flag |= VBWAIT;
+
                        ts.tv_sec = (slptimeout/100);
                        ts.tv_nsec = (slptimeout % 1000)  * 10 * NSEC_PER_USEC * 1000 ;
                        error = msleep((caddr_t)&vp->v_numoutput, &vp->v_lock, (slpflag | (PRIBIO + 1)), msg, &ts);
+
+                       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
                }
                vnode_unlock(vp);
        }
@@ -320,27 +427,27 @@ void
 vnode_writedone(vnode_t vp)
 {
        if (vp) {
-               int need_wakeup = 0;
-         
+               int need_wakeup = 0;
+
                OSAddAtomic(-1, &vp->v_numoutput);
 
-               vnode_lock(vp);
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
 
                if (vp->v_numoutput < 0)
                        panic("vnode_writedone: numoutput < 0");
 
-               if ((vp->v_flag & VTHROTTLED) && (vp->v_numoutput < (VNODE_ASYNC_THROTTLE / 3))) {
+               if ((vp->v_flag & VTHROTTLED)) {
                        vp->v_flag &= ~VTHROTTLED;
                        need_wakeup = 1;
                }
                if ((vp->v_flag & VBWAIT) && (vp->v_numoutput == 0)) {
-                       vp->v_flag &= ~VBWAIT;
+                       vp->v_flag &= ~VBWAIT;
                        need_wakeup = 1;
                }
                vnode_unlock(vp);
                
                if (need_wakeup)
-                       wakeup((caddr_t)&vp->v_numoutput);
+                       wakeup((caddr_t)&vp->v_numoutput);
        }
 }
 
@@ -392,21 +499,24 @@ vnode_iterate_setup(mount_t mp)
 {
        while (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LITER) {
                mp->mnt_lflag |= MNT_LITERWAIT;
-               msleep((caddr_t)mp, &mp->mnt_mlock, PVFS, "vnode_iterate_setup", 0);    
+               msleep((caddr_t)mp, &mp->mnt_mlock, PVFS, "vnode_iterate_setup", NULL); 
        }
 
        mp->mnt_lflag |= MNT_LITER;
 
 }
 
-static int
+int
 vnode_umount_preflight(mount_t mp, vnode_t skipvp, int flags)
 {
        vnode_t vp;
 
        TAILQ_FOREACH(vp, &mp->mnt_vnodelist, v_mntvnodes) {
-               if (vp->v_type == VDIR)
-                       continue;
+               /* disable preflight only for udf, a hack to be removed after 4073176 is fixed */
+               if (vp->v_tag == VT_UDF)
+                       return 0;
+               if (vp->v_type == VDIR)
+                       continue;
                if (vp == skipvp)
                        continue;
                if ((flags & SKIPSYSTEM) && ((vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM) ||
@@ -507,11 +617,8 @@ vnode_iterate_clear(mount_t mp)
 
 
 int
-vnode_iterate(mp, flags, callout, arg)
-       mount_t mp;
-       int flags;
-       int (*callout)(struct vnode *, void *);
-       void * arg;
+vnode_iterate(mount_t mp, int flags, int (*callout)(struct vnode *, void *),
+             void *arg)
 {
        struct vnode *vp;
        int vid, retval;
@@ -607,6 +714,12 @@ mount_lock(mount_t mp)
        lck_mtx_lock(&mp->mnt_mlock);
 }
 
+void
+mount_lock_spin(mount_t mp)
+{
+       lck_mtx_lock_spin(&mp->mnt_mlock);
+}
+
 void
 mount_unlock(mount_t mp)
 {
@@ -618,7 +731,7 @@ void
 mount_ref(mount_t mp, int locked)
 {
         if ( !locked)
-               mount_lock(mp);
+               mount_lock_spin(mp);
        
        mp->mnt_count++;
 
@@ -631,7 +744,7 @@ void
 mount_drop(mount_t mp, int locked)
 {
         if ( !locked)
-               mount_lock(mp);
+               mount_lock_spin(mp);
        
        mp->mnt_count--;
 
@@ -690,7 +803,7 @@ mount_iterdrain(mount_t mp)
 {
        mount_list_lock();
        while (mp->mnt_iterref)
-               msleep((caddr_t)&mp->mnt_iterref, mnt_list_mtx_lock, PVFS, "mount_iterdrain", );
+               msleep((caddr_t)&mp->mnt_iterref, mnt_list_mtx_lock, PVFS, "mount_iterdrain", NULL);
        /* mount iterations drained */
        mp->mnt_iterref = -1;
        mount_list_unlock();
@@ -713,7 +826,7 @@ mount_refdrain(mount_t mp)
        mp->mnt_lflag |= MNT_LDRAIN;
 
        while (mp->mnt_count)
-               msleep((caddr_t)&mp->mnt_lflag, &mp->mnt_mlock, PVFS, "mount_drain", );
+               msleep((caddr_t)&mp->mnt_lflag, &mp->mnt_mlock, PVFS, "mount_drain", NULL);
 
        if (mp->mnt_vnodelist.tqh_first != NULL)
                 panic("mount_refdrain: dangling vnode"); 
@@ -723,6 +836,13 @@ mount_refdrain(mount_t mp)
        return(0);
 }
 
+/* Tags the mount point as not supportine extended readdir for NFS exports */
+void 
+mount_set_noreaddirext(mount_t mp) {
+       mount_lock (mp);
+       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_DENY_READDIREXT;
+       mount_unlock (mp);
+}
 
 /*
  * Mark a mount point as busy. Used to synchronize access and to delay
@@ -754,7 +874,7 @@ restart:
                         * wakeup needs to be done is at the release of the
                         * exclusive lock at the end of dounmount.
                         */
-                       msleep((caddr_t)mp, &mp->mnt_mlock, (PVFS | PDROP), "vfsbusy", );
+                       msleep((caddr_t)mp, &mp->mnt_mlock, (PVFS | PDROP), "vfsbusy", NULL);
                        return (ENOENT);
                }
                mount_unlock(mp);
@@ -796,6 +916,10 @@ vfs_rootmountfailed(mount_t mp) {
 
        mount_lock_destroy(mp);
 
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       mac_mount_label_destroy(mp);
+#endif
+
        FREE_ZONE(mp, sizeof(struct mount), M_MOUNT);
 }
 
@@ -810,8 +934,8 @@ vfs_rootmountalloc_internal(struct vfstable *vfsp, const char *devname)
 {
        mount_t mp;
 
-       mp = _MALLOC_ZONE((u_long)sizeof(struct mount), M_MOUNT, M_WAITOK);
-       bzero((char *)mp, (u_long)sizeof(struct mount));
+       mp = _MALLOC_ZONE(sizeof(struct mount), M_MOUNT, M_WAITOK);
+       bzero((char *)mp, sizeof(struct mount));
 
        /* Initialize the default IO constraints */
        mp->mnt_maxreadcnt = mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = MAXPHYS;
@@ -819,6 +943,14 @@ vfs_rootmountalloc_internal(struct vfstable *vfsp, const char *devname)
        mp->mnt_maxsegreadsize = mp->mnt_maxreadcnt;
        mp->mnt_maxsegwritesize = mp->mnt_maxwritecnt;
        mp->mnt_devblocksize = DEV_BSIZE;
+       mp->mnt_alignmentmask = PAGE_MASK;
+       mp->mnt_ioqueue_depth = MNT_DEFAULT_IOQUEUE_DEPTH;
+       mp->mnt_ioscale = 1;
+       mp->mnt_ioflags = 0;
+       mp->mnt_realrootvp = NULLVP;
+       mp->mnt_authcache_ttl = CACHED_LOOKUP_RIGHT_TTL;
+       mp->mnt_throttle_mask = LOWPRI_MAX_NUM_DEV - 1;
+       mp->mnt_devbsdunit = 0;
 
        mount_lock_init(mp);
        (void)vfs_busy(mp, LK_NOWAIT);
@@ -840,8 +972,13 @@ vfs_rootmountalloc_internal(struct vfstable *vfsp, const char *devname)
 
        strncpy(mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fstypename, vfsp->vfc_name, MFSTYPENAMELEN);
        mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname[0] = '/';
-       (void) copystr((char *)devname, mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntfromname, MAXPATHLEN - 1, 0);
+       /* XXX const poisoning layering violation */
+       (void) copystr((const void *)devname, mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntfromname, MAXPATHLEN - 1, NULL);
 
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       mac_mount_label_init(mp);
+       mac_mount_label_associate(vfs_context_kernel(), mp);
+#endif
        return (mp);
 }
 
@@ -851,7 +988,8 @@ vfs_rootmountalloc(const char *fstypename, const char *devname, mount_t *mpp)
         struct vfstable *vfsp;
 
        for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next)
-               if (!strcmp(vfsp->vfc_name, fstypename))
+               if (!strncmp(vfsp->vfc_name, fstypename,
+                            sizeof(vfsp->vfc_name)))
                        break;
         if (vfsp == NULL)
                return (ENODEV);
@@ -874,26 +1012,34 @@ vfs_rootmountalloc(const char *fstypename, const char *devname, mount_t *mpp)
 extern int (*mountroot)(void);
 
 int
-vfs_mountroot()
+vfs_mountroot(void)
 {
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       struct vnode *vp;
+#endif
        struct vfstable *vfsp;
-       struct vfs_context context;
+       vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_kernel();
+       struct vfs_attr vfsattr;
        int     error;
        mount_t mp;
+       vnode_t bdevvp_rootvp;
 
        if (mountroot != NULL) {
-               /*
+               /*
                 * used for netboot which follows a different set of rules
                 */
-               error = (*mountroot)();
+               error = (*mountroot)();
                return (error);
        }
        if ((error = bdevvp(rootdev, &rootvp))) {
-               printf("vfs_mountroot: can't setup bdevvp\n");
+               printf("vfs_mountroot: can't setup bdevvp\n");
                return (error);
        }
-       context.vc_proc = current_proc();
-       context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_get();
+       /*
+        * 4951998 - code we call in vfc_mountroot may replace rootvp 
+        * so keep a local copy for some house keeping.
+        */
+       bdevvp_rootvp = rootvp;
 
        for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next) {
                if (vfsp->vfc_mountroot == NULL)
@@ -902,10 +1048,24 @@ vfs_mountroot()
                mp = vfs_rootmountalloc_internal(vfsp, "root_device");
                mp->mnt_devvp = rootvp;
 
-               if ((error = (*vfsp->vfc_mountroot)(mp, rootvp, &context)) == 0) {
-                       mp->mnt_devvp->v_specflags |= SI_MOUNTEDON;
+               if ((error = (*vfsp->vfc_mountroot)(mp, rootvp, ctx)) == 0) {
+                       if ( bdevvp_rootvp != rootvp ) {
+                               /*
+                                * rootvp changed...
+                                *   bump the iocount and fix up mnt_devvp for the
+                                *   new rootvp (it will already have a usecount taken)...
+                                *   drop the iocount and the usecount on the orignal
+                                *   since we are no longer going to use it...
+                                */
+                               vnode_getwithref(rootvp);
+                               mp->mnt_devvp = rootvp;
+
+                               vnode_rele(bdevvp_rootvp);
+                               vnode_put(bdevvp_rootvp);
+                       }
+                       mp->mnt_devvp->v_specflags |= SI_MOUNTEDON;
 
-                       vfs_unbusy(mp);
+                       vfs_unbusy(mp);
 
                        mount_list_add(mp);
 
@@ -916,15 +1076,79 @@ vfs_mountroot()
                         *   defaults will have been set, so no reason to bail or care
                         */
                        vfs_init_io_attributes(rootvp, mp);
+
+                       /*
+                        * Shadow the VFC_VFSNATIVEXATTR flag to MNTK_EXTENDED_ATTRS.
+                        */
+                       if (mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFSNATIVEXATTR) {
+                               mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_EXTENDED_ATTRS;
+                       }
+                       if (mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFSPREFLIGHT) {
+                               mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_UNMOUNT_PREFLIGHT;
+                       }
+
+                       /*
+                        * Probe root file system for additional features.
+                        */
+                       (void)VFS_START(mp, 0, ctx);
+
+                       VFSATTR_INIT(&vfsattr);
+                       VFSATTR_WANTED(&vfsattr, f_capabilities);
+                       if (vfs_getattr(mp, &vfsattr, ctx) == 0 && 
+                           VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&vfsattr, f_capabilities)) {
+                               if ((vfsattr.f_capabilities.capabilities[VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES] & VOL_CAP_INT_EXTENDED_ATTR) &&
+                                   (vfsattr.f_capabilities.valid[VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES] & VOL_CAP_INT_EXTENDED_ATTR)) {
+                                       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_EXTENDED_ATTRS;
+                               }
+#if NAMEDSTREAMS
+                               if ((vfsattr.f_capabilities.capabilities[VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES] & VOL_CAP_INT_NAMEDSTREAMS) &&
+                                   (vfsattr.f_capabilities.valid[VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES] & VOL_CAP_INT_NAMEDSTREAMS)) {
+                                       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_NAMED_STREAMS;
+                               }
+#endif
+                               if ((vfsattr.f_capabilities.capabilities[VOL_CAPABILITIES_FORMAT] & VOL_CAP_FMT_PATH_FROM_ID) &&
+                                   (vfsattr.f_capabilities.valid[VOL_CAPABILITIES_FORMAT] & VOL_CAP_FMT_PATH_FROM_ID)) {
+                                       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_PATH_FROM_ID;
+                               }
+                       }
+
                        /*
                         * get rid of iocount reference returned
-                        * by bdevvp... it will have also taken
+                        * by bdevvp (or picked up by us on the substitued
+                        * rootvp)... it (or we) will have also taken
                         * a usecount reference which we want to keep
                         */
                        vnode_put(rootvp);
 
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+                       if ((vfs_flags(mp) & MNT_MULTILABEL) == 0)
+                               return (0);
+
+                       error = VFS_ROOT(mp, &vp, ctx);
+                       if (error) {
+                               printf("%s() VFS_ROOT() returned %d\n",
+                                   __func__, error);
+                               dounmount(mp, MNT_FORCE, 0, ctx);
+                               goto fail;
+                       }
+                       error = vnode_label(mp, NULL, vp, NULL, 0, ctx);
+                       /*
+                        * get rid of reference provided by VFS_ROOT
+                        */
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+
+                       if (error) {
+                               printf("%s() vnode_label() returned %d\n",
+                                   __func__, error);
+                               dounmount(mp, MNT_FORCE, 0, ctx);
+                               goto fail;
+                       }
+#endif
                        return (0);
                }
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+fail:
+#endif
                vfs_rootmountfailed(mp);
                
                if (error != EINVAL)
@@ -936,32 +1160,32 @@ vfs_mountroot()
 /*
  * Lookup a mount point by filesystem identifier.
  */
-extern mount_t vfs_getvfs_locked(fsid_t *);
 
 struct mount *
-vfs_getvfs(fsid)
-       fsid_t *fsid;
+vfs_getvfs(fsid_t *fsid)
 {
        return (mount_list_lookupby_fsid(fsid, 0, 0));
 }
 
-struct mount *
-vfs_getvfs_locked(fsid)
-       fsid_t *fsid;
+static struct mount *
+vfs_getvfs_locked(fsid_t *fsid)
 {
        return(mount_list_lookupby_fsid(fsid, 1, 0));
 }
 
 struct mount *
-vfs_getvfs_by_mntonname(u_char *path)
+vfs_getvfs_by_mntonname(char *path)
 {
        mount_t retmp = (mount_t)0;
        mount_t mp;
 
        mount_list_lock();
        TAILQ_FOREACH(mp, &mountlist, mnt_list) {
-               if (!strcmp(mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname, path)) {
+               if (!strncmp(mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname, path,
+                                       sizeof(mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname))) {
                        retmp = mp;
+                       if (mount_iterref(retmp, 1))
+                               retmp = NULL;
                        goto out;
                }
        }
@@ -976,8 +1200,7 @@ u_short mntid_gen = 0;
  * Get a new unique fsid
  */
 void
-vfs_getnewfsid(mp)
-       struct mount *mp;
+vfs_getnewfsid(struct mount *mp)
 {
 
        fsid_t tfsid;
@@ -1009,10 +1232,14 @@ vfs_getnewfsid(mp)
  * Routines having to do with the management of the vnode table.
  */
 extern int (**dead_vnodeop_p)(void *);
-long numvnodes, freevnodes;
-long inactivevnodes;
+long numvnodes, freevnodes, deadvnodes, async_work_vnodes;
 
 
+int async_work_timed_out = 0;
+int async_work_handled = 0;
+int dead_vnode_wanted = 0;
+int dead_vnode_waited = 0;
+
 /*
  * Move a vnode from one mount queue to another.
  */
@@ -1028,7 +1255,7 @@ insmntque(vnode_t vp, mount_t mp)
                        panic("insmntque: vp not in mount vnode list");
                vp->v_lflag &= ~VNAMED_MOUNT;
 
-               mount_lock(lmp);
+               mount_lock_spin(lmp);
 
                mount_drop(lmp, 1);
 
@@ -1043,8 +1270,8 @@ insmntque(vnode_t vp, mount_t mp)
                        vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev = vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev;
                        *vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev = vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next;
                }       
-               vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next = 0;
-               vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev = 0;
+               vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next = NULL;
+               vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev = NULL;
                mount_unlock(lmp);
                return;
        }
@@ -1053,7 +1280,7 @@ insmntque(vnode_t vp, mount_t mp)
         * Insert into list of vnodes for the new mount point, if available.
         */
        if ((vp->v_mount = mp) != NULL) {
-               mount_lock(mp);
+               mount_lock_spin(mp);
                if ((vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next != 0) && (vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev != 0))
                        panic("vp already in mount list");
                if (mp->mnt_lflag & MNT_LITER)
@@ -1062,8 +1289,6 @@ insmntque(vnode_t vp, mount_t mp)
                        TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&mp->mnt_vnodelist, vp, v_mntvnodes);
                if (vp->v_lflag & VNAMED_MOUNT)
                        panic("insmntque: vp already in mount vnode list");
-               if ((vp->v_freelist.tqe_prev != (struct vnode **)0xdeadb))
-                       panic("insmntque: vp on the free list\n");
                vp->v_lflag |= VNAMED_MOUNT;
                mount_ref(mp, 1);
                mount_unlock(mp);
@@ -1089,15 +1314,15 @@ bdevvp(dev_t dev, vnode_t *vpp)
                return (ENODEV);
        }
 
-       context.vc_proc = current_proc();
+       context.vc_thread = current_thread();
        context.vc_ucred = FSCRED;
 
        vfsp.vnfs_mp = (struct mount *)0;
        vfsp.vnfs_vtype = VBLK;
        vfsp.vnfs_str = "bdevvp";
-       vfsp.vnfs_dvp = 0;
-       vfsp.vnfs_fsnode = 0;
-       vfsp.vnfs_cnp = 0;
+       vfsp.vnfs_dvp = NULL;
+       vfsp.vnfs_fsnode = NULL;
+       vfsp.vnfs_cnp = NULL;
        vfsp.vnfs_vops = spec_vnodeop_p;
        vfsp.vnfs_rdev = dev;
        vfsp.vnfs_filesize = 0;
@@ -1111,6 +1336,10 @@ bdevvp(dev_t dev, vnode_t *vpp)
                *vpp = NULLVP;
                return (error);
        }
+       vnode_lock_spin(nvp);
+       nvp->v_flag |= VBDEVVP;
+       nvp->v_tag = VT_NON;    /* set this to VT_NON so during aliasing it can be replaced */
+       vnode_unlock(nvp);
        if ( (error = vnode_ref(nvp)) ) {
                panic("bdevvp failed: vnode_ref");
                return (error);
@@ -1123,6 +1352,14 @@ bdevvp(dev_t dev, vnode_t *vpp)
                panic("bdevvp failed: invalidateblks");
                return (error);
        }
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       /* 
+        * XXXMAC: We can't put a MAC check here, the system will
+        * panic without this vnode.
+        */
+#endif /* MAC */       
+
        if ( (error = VNOP_OPEN(nvp, FREAD, &context)) ) {
                panic("bdevvp failed: open");
                return (error);
@@ -1141,12 +1378,11 @@ bdevvp(dev_t dev, vnode_t *vpp)
  * caller is responsible for filling it with its new contents.
  */
 static vnode_t
-checkalias(nvp, nvp_rdev)
-       register struct vnode *nvp;
-       dev_t nvp_rdev;
+checkalias(struct vnode *nvp, dev_t nvp_rdev)
 {
        struct vnode *vp;
        struct vnode **vpp;
+       struct specinfo *sin = NULL;
        int vid = 0;
 
        vpp = &speclisth[SPECHASH(nvp_rdev)];
@@ -1162,6 +1398,7 @@ loop:
        SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
 
        if (vp) {
+found_alias:
                if (vnode_getwithvid(vp,vid)) {
                        goto loop;
                }
@@ -1174,34 +1411,67 @@ loop:
                 * Alias, but not in use, so flush it out.
                 */
                if ((vp->v_iocount == 1) && (vp->v_usecount == 0)) {
-                       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 0);
+                       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1, 0);
+                       vnode_put_locked(vp);
                        vnode_unlock(vp);
-                       vnode_put(vp);
                        goto loop;
                }
+               
        }
        if (vp == NULL || vp->v_tag != VT_NON) {
-               MALLOC_ZONE(nvp->v_specinfo, struct specinfo *, sizeof(struct specinfo),
-                           M_SPECINFO, M_WAITOK);
+               if (sin == NULL) {
+                       MALLOC_ZONE(sin, struct specinfo *, sizeof(struct specinfo),
+                                       M_SPECINFO, M_WAITOK);
+               }
+
+               nvp->v_specinfo = sin;
                bzero(nvp->v_specinfo, sizeof(struct specinfo));
                nvp->v_rdev = nvp_rdev;
                nvp->v_specflags = 0;
                nvp->v_speclastr = -1;
+               nvp->v_specinfo->si_opencount = 0;
+               nvp->v_specinfo->si_initted = 0;
+               nvp->v_specinfo->si_throttleable = 0;
 
                SPECHASH_LOCK();
+               
+               /* We dropped the lock, someone could have added */
+               if (vp == NULLVP) {
+                       for (vp = *vpp; vp; vp = vp->v_specnext) {
+                               if (nvp_rdev == vp->v_rdev && nvp->v_type == vp->v_type) {
+                                       vid = vp->v_id;
+                                       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+                                       goto found_alias;
+                               }
+                       }
+               } 
+
                nvp->v_hashchain = vpp;
                nvp->v_specnext = *vpp;
                *vpp = nvp;
-               SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
 
                if (vp != NULLVP) {
-                       nvp->v_flag |= VALIASED;
-                       vp->v_flag |= VALIASED;
+                       nvp->v_specflags |= SI_ALIASED;
+                       vp->v_specflags |= SI_ALIASED;
+                       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+                       vnode_put_locked(vp);
                        vnode_unlock(vp);
-                       vnode_put(vp);
+               } else {
+                       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
                }
+
                return (NULLVP);
        }
+
+       if (sin) {
+               FREE_ZONE(sin, sizeof(struct specinfo), M_SPECINFO);
+       }
+
+       if ((vp->v_flag & (VBDEVVP | VDEVFLUSH)) != 0)
+               return(vp);
+
+       panic("checkalias with VT_NON vp that shouldn't: %p", vp);
+
        return (vp);
 }
 
@@ -1216,18 +1486,12 @@ loop:
  * and an error returned to indicate that the vnode is no longer
  * usable (possibly having been changed to a new file system type).
  */
-static int
+int
 vget_internal(vnode_t vp, int vid, int vflags)
 {
        int error = 0;
-       u_long vpid;
-
-       vnode_lock(vp);
 
-       if (vflags & VNODE_WITHID)
-               vpid = vid;
-       else
-               vpid = vp->v_id;    // save off the original v_id
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
 
        if ((vflags & VNODE_WRITEABLE) && (vp->v_writecount == 0))
                /*
@@ -1235,26 +1499,34 @@ vget_internal(vnode_t vp, int vid, int vflags)
                 */
                error = EINVAL;
        else
-               error = vnode_getiocount(vp, 1, vpid, vflags);
+               error = vnode_getiocount(vp, vid, vflags);
 
        vnode_unlock(vp);
 
        return (error);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns:    0                       Success
+ *             ENOENT                  No such file or directory [terminating]
+ */
 int
 vnode_ref(vnode_t vp)
 {
 
-        return (vnode_ref_ext(vp, 0));
+        return (vnode_ref_ext(vp, 0, 0));
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns:    0                       Success
+ *             ENOENT                  No such file or directory [terminating]
+ */
 int
-vnode_ref_ext(vnode_t vp, int fmode)
+vnode_ref_ext(vnode_t vp, int fmode, int flags)
 {
        int     error = 0;
 
-       vnode_lock(vp);
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
 
        /*
         * once all the current call sites have been fixed to insure they have
@@ -1262,15 +1534,17 @@ vnode_ref_ext(vnode_t vp, int fmode)
         * iocount is non-zero... a non-zero usecount doesn't insure correctness
         */
        if (vp->v_iocount <= 0 && vp->v_usecount <= 0) 
-               panic("vnode_ref_ext: vp %x has no valid reference %d, %d", vp, vp->v_iocount, vp->v_usecount);
+               panic("vnode_ref_ext: vp %p has no valid reference %d, %d", vp, vp->v_iocount, vp->v_usecount);
 
        /*
         * if you are the owner of drain/termination, can acquire usecount
         */
-       if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_DRAIN | VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD))) {
-               if (vp->v_owner != current_thread()) {
-                       error = ENOENT;
-                       goto out;
+       if ((flags & VNODE_REF_FORCE) == 0) {
+               if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_DRAIN | VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD))) {
+                       if (vp->v_owner != current_thread()) {
+                               error = ENOENT;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
                }
        }
        vp->v_usecount++;
@@ -1283,6 +1557,33 @@ vnode_ref_ext(vnode_t vp, int fmode)
                if (++vp->v_kusecount <= 0)
                        panic("vnode_ref_ext: v_kusecount");
        }
+       if (vp->v_flag & VRAGE) {
+               struct  uthread *ut;
+
+               ut = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+               
+               if ( !(current_proc()->p_lflag & P_LRAGE_VNODES) &&
+                    !(ut->uu_flag & UT_RAGE_VNODES)) {
+                       /*
+                        * a 'normal' process accessed this vnode
+                        * so make sure its no longer marked
+                        * for rapid aging...  also, make sure
+                        * it gets removed from the rage list...
+                        * when v_usecount drops back to 0, it
+                        * will be put back on the real free list
+                        */
+                       vp->v_flag &= ~VRAGE;
+                       vp->v_references = 0;
+                       vnode_list_remove(vp);
+               }
+       }
+       if (vp->v_usecount == 1 && vp->v_type == VREG && !(vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM)) {
+
+               if (vp->v_ubcinfo) {
+                       vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+                       memory_object_mark_used(vp->v_ubcinfo->ui_control);
+               }
+       }
 out:
        vnode_unlock(vp);
 
@@ -1290,6 +1591,34 @@ out:
 }
 
 
+static boolean_t
+vnode_on_reliable_media(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       if ( !(vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_VIRTUALDEV) && (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_LOCAL) )
+               return (TRUE);
+       return (FALSE);
+}
+
+static void
+vnode_async_list_add(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       vnode_list_lock();
+
+       if (VONLIST(vp) || (vp->v_lflag & (VL_TERMINATE|VL_DEAD)))
+               panic("vnode_async_list_add: %p is in wrong state", vp);
+
+       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vnode_async_work_list, vp, v_freelist);
+       vp->v_listflag |= VLIST_ASYNC_WORK;
+
+       async_work_vnodes++;
+
+       vnode_list_unlock();
+
+       wakeup(&vnode_async_work_list);
+
+}
+
+
 /*
  * put the vnode on appropriate free list.
  * called with vnode LOCKED
@@ -1297,34 +1626,106 @@ out:
 static void
 vnode_list_add(vnode_t vp)
 {
+       boolean_t need_dead_wakeup = FALSE;
 
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       lck_mtx_assert(&vp->v_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+#endif
        /*
         * if it is already on a list or non zero references return 
         */
-       if (VONLIST(vp) || (vp->v_usecount != 0) || (vp->v_iocount != 0))
+       if (VONLIST(vp) || (vp->v_usecount != 0) || (vp->v_iocount != 0) || (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE))
                return;
+
        vnode_list_lock();
 
-       /*
-        * insert at tail of LRU list or at head if VAGE or VL_DEAD is set
-        */
-       if ((vp->v_flag & VAGE) || (vp->v_lflag & VL_DEAD)) {
-               TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vnode_free_list, vp, v_freelist);
-               vp->v_flag &= ~VAGE;
+       if ((vp->v_flag & VRAGE) && !(vp->v_lflag & VL_DEAD)) {
+               /*
+                * add the new guy to the appropriate end of the RAGE list
+                */
+               if ((vp->v_flag & VAGE))
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vnode_rage_list, vp, v_freelist);
+               else
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&vnode_rage_list, vp, v_freelist);
+
+               vp->v_listflag |= VLIST_RAGE;
+               ragevnodes++;
+
+               /*
+                * reset the timestamp for the last inserted vp on the RAGE
+                * queue to let new_vnode know that its not ok to start stealing
+                * from this list... as long as we're actively adding to this list
+                * we'll push out the vnodes we want to donate to the real free list
+                * once we stop pushing, we'll let some time elapse before we start
+                * stealing them in the new_vnode routine
+                */
+               microuptime(&rage_tv);
        } else {
-               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&vnode_free_list, vp, v_freelist);
-       }
-       freevnodes++;
+               /*
+                * if VL_DEAD, insert it at head of the dead list
+                * else insert at tail of LRU list or at head if VAGE is set
+                */
+               if ( (vp->v_lflag & VL_DEAD)) {
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vnode_dead_list, vp, v_freelist);
+                       vp->v_listflag |= VLIST_DEAD;
+                       deadvnodes++;
+
+                       if (dead_vnode_wanted) {
+                               dead_vnode_wanted--;
+                               need_dead_wakeup = TRUE;
+                       }
 
+               } else if ( (vp->v_flag & VAGE) ) {
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vnode_free_list, vp, v_freelist);
+                       vp->v_flag &= ~VAGE;
+                       freevnodes++;
+               } else {
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&vnode_free_list, vp, v_freelist);
+                       freevnodes++;
+               }
+       }
        vnode_list_unlock();
+
+       if (need_dead_wakeup == TRUE)
+               wakeup_one((caddr_t)&dead_vnode_wanted);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * remove the vnode from appropriate free list.
+ * called with vnode LOCKED and
+ * the list lock held
+ */
+static void
+vnode_list_remove_locked(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       if (VONLIST(vp)) {
+               /*
+                * the v_listflag field is
+                * protected by the vnode_list_lock
+                */
+               if (vp->v_listflag & VLIST_RAGE)
+                       VREMRAGE("vnode_list_remove", vp);
+               else if (vp->v_listflag & VLIST_DEAD)
+                       VREMDEAD("vnode_list_remove", vp);
+               else if (vp->v_listflag & VLIST_ASYNC_WORK)
+                       VREMASYNC_WORK("vnode_list_remove", vp);
+               else
+                       VREMFREE("vnode_list_remove", vp);
+       }
 }
 
+
 /*
  * remove the vnode from appropriate free list.
+ * called with vnode LOCKED
  */
 static void
 vnode_list_remove(vnode_t vp)
 {
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       lck_mtx_assert(&vp->v_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+#endif
         /*
         * we want to avoid taking the list lock
         * in the case where we're not on the free
@@ -1344,18 +1745,16 @@ vnode_list_remove(vnode_t vp)
                /*
                 * however, we're not guaranteed that
                 * we won't go from the on-list state
-                * to the non-on-list state until we
+                * to the not-on-list state until we
                 * hold the vnode_list_lock... this 
-                * is due to new_vnode removing vnodes
+                * is due to "new_vnode" removing vnodes
                 * from the free list uder the list_lock
                 * w/o the vnode lock... so we need to
                 * check again whether we're currently
                 * on the free list
                 */
-               if (VONLIST(vp)) {
-                       VREMFREE("vnode_list_remove", vp);
-                       VLISTNONE(vp);
-               }
+               vnode_list_remove_locked(vp);
+
                vnode_list_unlock();
        }
 }
@@ -1378,22 +1777,27 @@ vnode_rele_ext(vnode_t vp, int fmode, int dont_reenter)
 void
 vnode_rele_internal(vnode_t vp, int fmode, int dont_reenter, int locked)
 {
-       struct vfs_context context;
 
        if ( !locked)
-               vnode_lock(vp);
-
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       else
+               lck_mtx_assert(&vp->v_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+#endif
        if (--vp->v_usecount < 0)
-               panic("vnode_rele_ext: vp %x usecount -ve : %d", vp,  vp->v_usecount);
+               panic("vnode_rele_ext: vp %p usecount -ve : %d.  v_tag = %d, v_type = %d, v_flag = %x.", vp,  vp->v_usecount, vp->v_tag, vp->v_type, vp->v_flag);
 
        if (fmode & FWRITE) {
                if (--vp->v_writecount < 0)
-                       panic("vnode_rele_ext: vp %x writecount -ve : %d", vp,  vp->v_writecount);
+                       panic("vnode_rele_ext: vp %p writecount -ve : %d.  v_tag = %d, v_type = %d, v_flag = %x.", vp,  vp->v_writecount, vp->v_tag, vp->v_type, vp->v_flag);
        }
        if (fmode & O_EVTONLY) {
                if (--vp->v_kusecount < 0)
-                       panic("vnode_rele_ext: vp %x kusecount -ve : %d", vp,  vp->v_kusecount);
+                       panic("vnode_rele_ext: vp %p kusecount -ve : %d.  v_tag = %d, v_type = %d, v_flag = %x.", vp,  vp->v_kusecount, vp->v_tag, vp->v_type, vp->v_flag);
        }
+       if (vp->v_kusecount > vp->v_usecount)
+               panic("vnode_rele_ext: vp %p kusecount(%d) out of balance with usecount(%d).  v_tag = %d, v_type = %d, v_flag = %x.",vp, vp->v_kusecount, vp->v_usecount, vp->v_tag, vp->v_type, vp->v_flag);
+
        if ((vp->v_iocount > 0) || (vp->v_usecount > 0)) {
                /*
                 * vnode is still busy... if we're the last
@@ -1402,13 +1806,11 @@ vnode_rele_internal(vnode_t vp, int fmode, int dont_reenter, int locked)
                 */
                if (vp->v_usecount == 0) {
                        vp->v_lflag |= VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
-                       vp->v_flag  &= ~(VNOCACHE_DATA | VRAOFF);
+                       vp->v_flag  &= ~(VNOCACHE_DATA | VRAOFF | VOPENEVT);
                }
-               if ( !locked)
-                       vnode_unlock(vp);
-               return;
+               goto done;
        }
-       vp->v_flag  &= ~(VNOCACHE_DATA | VRAOFF);
+       vp->v_flag  &= ~(VNOCACHE_DATA | VRAOFF | VOPENEVT);
 
        if ( (vp->v_lflag & (VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD)) || dont_reenter) {
                /*
@@ -1419,14 +1821,19 @@ vnode_rele_internal(vnode_t vp, int fmode, int dont_reenter, int locked)
                 * if it's been marked for termination
                 */
                if (dont_reenter) {
-                       if ( !(vp->v_lflag & (VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD | VL_MARKTERM)) )
+                       if ( !(vp->v_lflag & (VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD | VL_MARKTERM)) ) {
                                vp->v_lflag |= VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
-                       vp->v_flag |= VAGE;
+                               
+                               if (vnode_on_reliable_media(vp) == FALSE) {
+                                       vnode_async_list_add(vp);
+                                       goto done;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       vp->v_flag |= VAGE;
                }
                vnode_list_add(vp);
-               if ( !locked)
-                       vnode_unlock(vp);
-               return;
+
+               goto done;
        }
        /*
         * at this point both the iocount and usecount
@@ -1441,11 +1848,9 @@ vnode_rele_internal(vnode_t vp, int fmode, int dont_reenter, int locked)
         vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
        vnode_unlock(vp);
 
-       context.vc_proc = current_proc();
-       context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_get();
-       VNOP_INACTIVE(vp, &context);
+       VNOP_INACTIVE(vp, vfs_context_current());
 
-       vnode_lock(vp);
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        /*
         * because we dropped the vnode lock to call VNOP_INACTIVE
         * the state of the vnode may have changed... we may have
@@ -1463,14 +1868,22 @@ vnode_rele_internal(vnode_t vp, int fmode, int dont_reenter, int locked)
                
                if (ut->uu_defer_reclaims) {
                        vp->v_defer_reclaimlist = ut->uu_vreclaims;
-                               ut->uu_vreclaims = vp;
-                       goto defer_reclaim;
+                       ut->uu_vreclaims = vp;
+                       goto done;
                }
-               vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 0);
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+               vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1, 0);
        }
-       vnode_dropiocount(vp, 1);
+       vnode_dropiocount(vp);
        vnode_list_add(vp);
-defer_reclaim:
+done:
+       if (vp->v_usecount == 0 && vp->v_type == VREG && !(vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM)) {
+
+               if (vp->v_ubcinfo) {
+                       vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+                       memory_object_mark_unused(vp->v_ubcinfo->ui_control, (vp->v_flag & VRAGE) == VRAGE);
+               }
+       }
        if ( !locked)
                vnode_unlock(vp);
        return;
@@ -1492,16 +1905,13 @@ struct ctldebug debug1 = { "busyprt", &busyprt };
 #endif
 
 int
-vflush(mp, skipvp, flags)
-       struct mount *mp;
-       struct vnode *skipvp;
-       int flags;
+vflush(struct mount *mp, struct vnode *skipvp, int flags)
 {
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();
        struct vnode *vp;
        int busy = 0;
        int reclaimed = 0;
-       int vid, retval;
+       int retval;
+       unsigned int vid;
 
        mount_lock(mp);
        vnode_iterate_setup(mp);
@@ -1512,7 +1922,7 @@ vflush(mp, skipvp, flags)
         * tries unmounting every so often to see whether
         * it is still busy or not.
         */
-       if ((flags & FORCECLOSE)==0) {
+       if (((flags & FORCECLOSE)==0)  && ((mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_UNMOUNT_PREFLIGHT) != 0)) {
                if (vnode_umount_preflight(mp, skipvp, flags)) {
                        vnode_iterate_clear(mp);
                        mount_unlock(mp);
@@ -1529,17 +1939,20 @@ loop:
                return(retval);
        }
 
-    /* iterate over all the vnodes */
-    while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&mp->mnt_workerqueue)) {
-        vp = TAILQ_FIRST(&mp->mnt_workerqueue);
-        TAILQ_REMOVE(&mp->mnt_workerqueue, vp, v_mntvnodes);
-        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mp->mnt_vnodelist, vp, v_mntvnodes);
-        if ( (vp->v_mount != mp) || (vp == skipvp)) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        vid = vp->v_id;
-        mount_unlock(mp);
-               vnode_lock(vp);
+       /* iterate over all the vnodes */
+       while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&mp->mnt_workerqueue)) {
+
+               vp = TAILQ_FIRST(&mp->mnt_workerqueue);
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&mp->mnt_workerqueue, vp, v_mntvnodes);
+               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mp->mnt_vnodelist, vp, v_mntvnodes);
+
+               if ( (vp->v_mount != mp) || (vp == skipvp)) {
+                       continue;
+               }
+               vid = vp->v_id;
+               mount_unlock(mp);
+
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
 
                if ((vp->v_id != vid) || ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_DEAD | VL_TERMINATE)))) {
                                vnode_unlock(vp);
@@ -1566,7 +1979,7 @@ loop:
                        continue;
                }
                /*
-                * If requested, skip over vnodes marked VSWAP.
+                * If requested, skip over vnodes marked VROOT.
                 */
                if ((flags & SKIPROOT) && (vp->v_flag & VROOT)) {
                        vnode_unlock(vp);
@@ -1589,15 +2002,17 @@ loop:
                 */
                if (((vp->v_usecount == 0) ||
                    ((vp->v_usecount - vp->v_kusecount) == 0))) {
+
+                       vnode_lock_convert(vp);
                        vp->v_iocount++;        /* so that drain waits for * other iocounts */
 #ifdef JOE_DEBUG
                        record_vp(vp, 1);
 #endif
-                       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 0);
-                       vnode_dropiocount(vp, 1);
+                       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1, 0);
+                       vnode_dropiocount(vp);
                        vnode_list_add(vp);
-
                        vnode_unlock(vp);
+
                        reclaimed++;
                        mount_lock(mp);
                        continue;
@@ -1608,19 +2023,23 @@ loop:
                 * anonymous device. For all other files, just kill them.
                 */
                if (flags & FORCECLOSE) {
+                       vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+
                        if (vp->v_type != VBLK && vp->v_type != VCHR) {
                                vp->v_iocount++;        /* so that drain waits * for other iocounts */
 #ifdef JOE_DEBUG
                                record_vp(vp, 1);
 #endif
-                               vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 0);
-                               vnode_dropiocount(vp, 1);
+                               vnode_abort_advlocks(vp);
+                               vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1, 0);
+                               vnode_dropiocount(vp);
                                vnode_list_add(vp);
                                vnode_unlock(vp);
                        } else {
-                               vclean(vp, 0, p);
+                               vclean(vp, 0);
                                vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_DEAD;
                                vp->v_op = spec_vnodeop_p;
+                               vp->v_flag |= VDEVFLUSH;
                                vnode_unlock(vp);
                        }
                        mount_lock(mp);
@@ -1657,22 +2076,22 @@ loop:
        return (0);
 }
 
-int num_recycledvnodes=0;
+long num_recycledvnodes = 0;
 /*
  * Disassociate the underlying file system from a vnode.
  * The vnode lock is held on entry.
  */
 static void
-vclean(vnode_t vp, int flags, proc_t p)
+vclean(vnode_t vp, int flags)
 {
-       struct vfs_context context;
+       vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
        int active;
        int need_inactive;
        int already_terminating;
-       kauth_cred_t ucred = NULL;
-
-       context.vc_proc = p;
-       context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_get();
+       int clflags = 0;
+#if NAMEDSTREAMS
+       int is_namedstream;
+#endif
 
        /*
         * Check to see if the vnode is in use.
@@ -1704,22 +2123,21 @@ vclean(vnode_t vp, int flags, proc_t p)
         */
        insmntque(vp, (struct mount *)0);
 
-       ucred = vp->v_cred;
-       vp->v_cred = NULL;
+#if NAMEDSTREAMS
+       is_namedstream = vnode_isnamedstream(vp);
+#endif
 
        vnode_unlock(vp);
 
-       if (ucred)
-               kauth_cred_rele(ucred);
-
-       OSAddAtomic(1, &num_recycledvnodes);
-       /*
-        * purge from the name cache as early as possible...
-        */
-       cache_purge(vp);
+       OSAddAtomicLong(1, &num_recycledvnodes);
 
+       if (flags & DOCLOSE)
+               clflags |= IO_NDELAY;
+       if (flags & REVOKEALL)
+               clflags |= IO_REVOKE;
+       
        if (active && (flags & DOCLOSE))
-               VNOP_CLOSE(vp, IO_NDELAY, &context);
+               VNOP_CLOSE(vp, clflags, ctx);
 
        /*
         * Clean out any buffers associated with the vnode.
@@ -1727,36 +2145,68 @@ vclean(vnode_t vp, int flags, proc_t p)
        if (flags & DOCLOSE) {
 #if NFSCLIENT
                if (vp->v_tag == VT_NFS)
-                       nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, NOCRED, p, 0);
+                       nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, ctx, 0);
                else
 #endif
                {
-                       VNOP_FSYNC(vp, MNT_WAIT, &context);
-                       buf_invalidateblks(vp, BUF_WRITE_DATA, 0, 0);
+                       VNOP_FSYNC(vp, MNT_WAIT, ctx);
+                       buf_invalidateblks(vp, BUF_WRITE_DATA | BUF_INVALIDATE_LOCKED, 0, 0);
                }
                if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp))
                        /*
                         * Clean the pages in VM.
                         */
-                       (void)ubc_sync_range(vp, (off_t)0, ubc_getsize(vp), UBC_PUSHALL);
+                       (void)ubc_msync(vp, (off_t)0, ubc_getsize(vp), NULL, UBC_PUSHALL | UBC_INVALIDATE | UBC_SYNC);
        }
-       if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp))
-               cluster_release(vp->v_ubcinfo);
-
        if (active || need_inactive) 
-               VNOP_INACTIVE(vp, &context);
+               VNOP_INACTIVE(vp, ctx);
+
+#if NAMEDSTREAMS
+       if ((is_namedstream != 0) && (vp->v_parent != NULLVP)) {
+               vnode_t pvp = vp->v_parent;
+           
+               /* Delete the shadow stream file before we reclaim its vnode */
+               if (vnode_isshadow(vp)) {
+                       vnode_relenamedstream(pvp, vp, ctx);
+               }
+               
+               /* 
+                * No more streams associated with the parent.  We
+                * have a ref on it, so its identity is stable.
+                * If the parent is on an opaque volume, then we need to know
+                * whether it has associated named streams.
+                */
+               if (vfs_authopaque(pvp->v_mount)) {
+                       vnode_lock_spin(pvp);
+                       pvp->v_lflag &= ~VL_HASSTREAMS;
+                       vnode_unlock(pvp);
+               }
+       }
+#endif
 
-       /* Destroy ubc named reference */
+       /*
+        * Destroy ubc named reference
+        * cluster_release is done on this path
+        * along with dropping the reference on the ucred
+        */
        ubc_destroy_named(vp);
 
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+       /*
+        * cleanup trigger info from vnode (if any)
+        */
+       if (vp->v_resolve)
+               vnode_resolver_detach(vp);
+#endif
+
        /*
         * Reclaim the vnode.
         */
-       if (VNOP_RECLAIM(vp, &context))
+       if (VNOP_RECLAIM(vp, ctx))
                panic("vclean: cannot reclaim");
        
        // make sure the name & parent ptrs get cleaned out!
-       vnode_update_identity(vp, NULLVP, NULL, 0, 0, VNODE_UPDATE_PARENT | VNODE_UPDATE_NAME);
+       vnode_update_identity(vp, NULLVP, NULL, 0, 0, VNODE_UPDATE_PARENT | VNODE_UPDATE_NAME | VNODE_UPDATE_PURGE);
 
        vnode_lock(vp);
 
@@ -1784,7 +2234,11 @@ vclean(vnode_t vp, int flags, proc_t p)
  * and with all vnodes aliased to the requested vnode.
  */
 int
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
 vn_revoke(vnode_t vp, int flags, __unused vfs_context_t a_context)
+#else
+vn_revoke(vnode_t vp, __unused int flags, __unused vfs_context_t a_context)
+#endif
 {
        struct vnode *vq;
        int vid;
@@ -1794,23 +2248,20 @@ vn_revoke(vnode_t vp, int flags, __unused vfs_context_t a_context)
                panic("vnop_revoke");
 #endif
 
-       if (vp->v_flag & VALIASED) {
+       if (vnode_isaliased(vp)) {
                /*
                 * If a vgone (or vclean) is already in progress,
-                * wait until it is done and return.
+                * return an immediate error
                 */
-               vnode_lock(vp);
-               if (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE) {
-                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+               if (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE)
                        return(ENOENT);
-               }
-               vnode_unlock(vp);
+
                /*
                 * Ensure that vp will not be vgone'd while we
                 * are eliminating its aliases.
                 */
                SPECHASH_LOCK();
-               while (vp->v_flag & VALIASED) {
+               while ((vp->v_specflags & SI_ALIASED)) {
                        for (vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vq->v_specnext) {
                                if (vq->v_rdev != vp->v_rdev ||
                                    vq->v_type != vp->v_type || vp == vq)
@@ -1821,7 +2272,7 @@ vn_revoke(vnode_t vp, int flags, __unused vfs_context_t a_context)
                                        SPECHASH_LOCK();        
                                        break;
                                }
-                               vnode_reclaim_internal(vq, 0, 0);
+                               vnode_reclaim_internal(vq, 0, 1, 0);
                                vnode_put(vq);
                                SPECHASH_LOCK();
                                break;
@@ -1829,7 +2280,7 @@ vn_revoke(vnode_t vp, int flags, __unused vfs_context_t a_context)
                }
                SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
        }
-       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 0, 0);
+       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 0, 0, REVOKEALL);
 
        return (0);
 }
@@ -1839,17 +2290,18 @@ vn_revoke(vnode_t vp, int flags, __unused vfs_context_t a_context)
  * Release the passed interlock if the vnode will be recycled.
  */
 int
-vnode_recycle(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
+vnode_recycle(struct vnode *vp)
 {
-       vnode_lock(vp);
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
 
        if (vp->v_iocount || vp->v_usecount) {
                vp->v_lflag |= VL_MARKTERM;
                vnode_unlock(vp);
                return(0);
        } 
-       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 0);
+       vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 0, 0);
+
        vnode_unlock(vp);
 
        return (1);
@@ -1858,7 +2310,7 @@ vnode_recycle(vp)
 static int
 vnode_reload(vnode_t vp)
 {
-       vnode_lock(vp);
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
 
        if ((vp->v_iocount > 1) || vp->v_usecount) {
                vnode_unlock(vp);
@@ -1876,7 +2328,7 @@ vnode_reload(vnode_t vp)
 
 
 static void
-vgone(vnode_t vp)
+vgone(vnode_t vp, int flags)
 {
        struct vnode *vq;
        struct vnode *vx;
@@ -1886,7 +2338,7 @@ vgone(vnode_t vp)
         * vclean also takes care of removing the
         * vnode from any mount list it might be on
         */
-       vclean(vp, DOCLOSE, current_proc());
+       vclean(vp, flags | DOCLOSE);
 
        /*
         * If special device, remove it from special device alias list
@@ -1906,7 +2358,7 @@ vgone(vnode_t vp)
                        if (vq == NULL)
                                panic("missing bdev");
                        }
-                       if (vp->v_flag & VALIASED) {
+                       if (vp->v_specflags & SI_ALIASED) {
                                vx = NULL;
                                for (vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vq->v_specnext) {
                                        if (vq->v_rdev != vp->v_rdev ||
@@ -1919,8 +2371,8 @@ vgone(vnode_t vp)
                                if (vx == NULL)
                                        panic("missing alias");
                                if (vq == NULL)
-                                       vx->v_flag &= ~VALIASED;
-                               vp->v_flag &= ~VALIASED;
+                                       vx->v_specflags &= ~SI_ALIASED;
+                               vp->v_specflags &= ~SI_ALIASED;
                        }
                        SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
                        {
@@ -1950,7 +2402,7 @@ loop:
                SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
                if (vnode_getwithvid(vp,vid))
                        goto loop;
-               vnode_lock(vp);
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
                if ((vp->v_usecount > 0) || (vp->v_iocount > 1)) {
                        vnode_unlock(vp);
                        if ((*errorp = vfs_mountedon(vp)) != 0)
@@ -1975,37 +2427,57 @@ vcount(vnode_t vp)
        int vid;
 
 loop:
-       if ((vp->v_flag & VALIASED) == 0)
-               return (vp->v_usecount - vp->v_kusecount);
+       if (!vnode_isaliased(vp))
+               return (vp->v_specinfo->si_opencount);
+       count = 0;
 
        SPECHASH_LOCK();
-       for (count = 0, vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vnext) {
-               vnext = vq->v_specnext;
-               if (vq->v_rdev != vp->v_rdev || vq->v_type != vp->v_type)
-                       continue;
-               vid = vq->v_id;
-               SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+       /*
+        * Grab first vnode and its vid.
+        */
+       vq = *vp->v_hashchain;
+       vid = vq ? vq->v_id : 0;
+
+       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
 
+       while (vq) {
+               /*
+                * Attempt to get the vnode outside the SPECHASH lock.
+                */
                if (vnode_getwithvid(vq, vid)) {
                        goto loop;
                }
-               /*
-                * Alias, but not in use, so flush it out.
-                */
                vnode_lock(vq);
-               if ((vq->v_usecount == 0) && (vq->v_iocount == 1)  && vq != vp) {
-                       vnode_reclaim_internal(vq, 1, 0);
-                       vnode_unlock(vq);
-                       vnode_put(vq);
-                       goto loop;
+
+               if (vq->v_rdev == vp->v_rdev && vq->v_type == vp->v_type) {
+                       if ((vq->v_usecount == 0) && (vq->v_iocount == 1)  && vq != vp) {
+                               /*
+                                * Alias, but not in use, so flush it out.
+                                */
+                               vnode_reclaim_internal(vq, 1, 1, 0);
+                               vnode_put_locked(vq);
+                               vnode_unlock(vq);
+                               goto loop;
+                       }
+                       count += vq->v_specinfo->si_opencount;
                }
-               count += (vq->v_usecount - vq->v_kusecount);
                vnode_unlock(vq);
-               vnode_put(vq);  
 
                SPECHASH_LOCK();
+               /*
+                * must do this with the reference still held on 'vq'
+                * so that it can't be destroyed while we're poking
+                * through v_specnext
+                */
+               vnext = vq->v_specnext;
+               vid = vnext ? vnext->v_id : 0;
+
+               SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
+
+               vnode_put(vq);
+
+               vq = vnext;
        }
-       SPECHASH_UNLOCK();
 
        return (count);
 }
@@ -2015,7 +2487,7 @@ int       prtactive = 0;          /* 1 => print out reclaim of active vnodes */
 /*
  * Print out a description of a vnode.
  */
-static char *typename[] =
+static const char *typename[] =
    { "VNON", "VREG", "VDIR", "VBLK", "VCHR", "VLNK", "VSOCK", "VFIFO", "VBAD" };
 
 void
@@ -2029,17 +2501,17 @@ vprint(const char *label, struct vnode *vp)
               typename[vp->v_type], vp->v_usecount, vp->v_writecount);
        sbuf[0] = '\0';
        if (vp->v_flag & VROOT)
-               strcat(sbuf, "|VROOT");
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VROOT", sizeof(sbuf));
        if (vp->v_flag & VTEXT)
-               strcat(sbuf, "|VTEXT");
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VTEXT", sizeof(sbuf));
        if (vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM)
-               strcat(sbuf, "|VSYSTEM");
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VSYSTEM", sizeof(sbuf));
        if (vp->v_flag & VNOFLUSH)
-               strcat(sbuf, "|VNOFLUSH");
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VNOFLUSH", sizeof(sbuf));
        if (vp->v_flag & VBWAIT)
-               strcat(sbuf, "|VBWAIT");
-       if (vp->v_flag & VALIASED)
-               strcat(sbuf, "|VALIASED");
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VBWAIT", sizeof(sbuf));
+       if (vnode_isaliased(vp))
+               strlcat(sbuf, "|VALIASED", sizeof(sbuf));
        if (sbuf[0] != '\0')
                printf(" flags (%s)", &sbuf[1]);
 }
@@ -2048,7 +2520,19 @@ vprint(const char *label, struct vnode *vp)
 int
 vn_getpath(struct vnode *vp, char *pathbuf, int *len)
 {
-    return build_path(vp, pathbuf, *len, len);
+       return build_path(vp, pathbuf, *len, len, BUILDPATH_NO_FS_ENTER, vfs_context_current());
+}
+
+int
+vn_getpath_fsenter(struct vnode *vp, char *pathbuf, int *len)
+{
+       return build_path(vp, pathbuf, *len, len, 0, vfs_context_current());
+}
+
+int
+vn_getcdhash(struct vnode *vp, off_t offset, unsigned char *cdhash)
+{
+       return ubc_cs_getcdhash(vp, offset, cdhash);
 }
 
 
@@ -2057,9 +2541,9 @@ static int   nexts;
 static int   max_ext_width;
 
 static int
-extension_cmp(void *a, void *b)
+extension_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
-    return (strlen((char *)a) - strlen((char *)b));
+    return (strlen((const char *)a) - strlen((const char *)b));
 }
 
 
@@ -2075,42 +2559,57 @@ extension_cmp(void *a, void *b)
 // them (i.e. a short 8 character name can't have an 8
 // character extension).
 //
+extern lck_mtx_t *pkg_extensions_lck;
+
 __private_extern__ int
-set_package_extensions_table(void *data, int nentries, int maxwidth)
+set_package_extensions_table(user_addr_t data, int nentries, int maxwidth)
 {
-    char *new_exts, *ptr;
-    int error, i, len;
+    char *new_exts, *old_exts;
+    int error;
     
     if (nentries <= 0 || nentries > 1024 || maxwidth <= 0 || maxwidth > 255) {
        return EINVAL;
     }
 
-    MALLOC(new_exts, char *, nentries * maxwidth, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+
+    // allocate one byte extra so we can guarantee null termination
+    MALLOC(new_exts, char *, (nentries * maxwidth) + 1, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+    if (new_exts == NULL) {
+       return ENOMEM;
+    }
     
-    error = copyin(CAST_USER_ADDR_T(data), new_exts, nentries * maxwidth);
+    error = copyin(data, new_exts, nentries * maxwidth);
     if (error) {
        FREE(new_exts, M_TEMP);
        return error;
     }
 
-    if (extension_table) {
-       FREE(extension_table, M_TEMP);
-    }
+    new_exts[(nentries * maxwidth)] = '\0';   // guarantee null termination of the block
+
+    qsort(new_exts, nentries, maxwidth, extension_cmp);
+
+    lck_mtx_lock(pkg_extensions_lck);
+
+    old_exts        = extension_table;
     extension_table = new_exts;
     nexts           = nentries;
     max_ext_width   = maxwidth;
 
-    qsort(extension_table, nexts, maxwidth, extension_cmp);
+    lck_mtx_unlock(pkg_extensions_lck);
+
+    if (old_exts) {
+       FREE(old_exts, M_TEMP);
+    }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 __private_extern__ int
-is_package_name(char *name, int len)
+is_package_name(const char *name, int len)
 {
     int i, extlen;
-    char *ptr, *name_ext;
+    const char *ptr, *name_ext;
     
     if (len <= 3) {
        return 0;
@@ -2131,16 +2630,21 @@ is_package_name(char *name, int len)
     // advance over the "."
     name_ext++;
 
+    lck_mtx_lock(pkg_extensions_lck);
+
     // now iterate over all the extensions to see if any match
     ptr = &extension_table[0];
     for(i=0; i < nexts; i++, ptr+=max_ext_width) {
        extlen = strlen(ptr);
        if (strncasecmp(name_ext, ptr, extlen) == 0 && name_ext[extlen] == '\0') {
            // aha, a match!
+           lck_mtx_unlock(pkg_extensions_lck);
            return 1;
        }
     }
 
+    lck_mtx_unlock(pkg_extensions_lck);
+
     // if we get here, no extension matched
     return 0;
 }
@@ -2186,6 +2690,25 @@ vn_path_package_check(__unused vnode_t vp, char *path, int pathlen, int *compone
     return 0;
 }
 
+/* 
+ * Determine if a name is inappropriate for a searchfs query.
+ * This list consists of /System currently.
+ */
+
+int vn_searchfs_inappropriate_name(const char *name, int len) {
+       const char *bad_names[] = { "System" };
+       int   bad_len[]   = { 6 };
+       int  i;
+
+       for(i=0; i < (int) (sizeof(bad_names) / sizeof(bad_names[0])); i++) {
+               if (len == bad_len[i] && strncmp(name, bad_names[i], strlen(bad_names[i]) + 1) == 0) {
+                       return 1;
+               }
+       }
+
+       // if we get here, no name matched
+       return 0;
+}
 
 /*
  * Top level filesystem related information gathering.
@@ -2194,14 +2717,30 @@ extern unsigned int vfs_nummntops;
 
 int
 vfs_sysctl(int *name, u_int namelen, user_addr_t oldp, size_t *oldlenp, 
-           user_addr_t newp, size_t newlen, struct proc *p)
+           user_addr_t newp, size_t newlen, proc_t p)
 {
        struct vfstable *vfsp;
        int *username;
        u_int usernamelen;
        int error;
-       struct vfsconf *vfsc;
+       struct vfsconf vfsc;
+
+       if (namelen > CTL_MAXNAME) {
+               return (EINVAL);
+       }
 
+       /* All non VFS_GENERIC and in VFS_GENERIC, 
+        * VFS_MAXTYPENUM, VFS_CONF, VFS_SET_PACKAGE_EXTS
+        * needs to have root priv to have modifiers. 
+        * For rest the userland_sysctl(CTLFLAG_ANYBODY) would cover.
+        */
+       if ((newp != USER_ADDR_NULL) && ((name[0] != VFS_GENERIC) || 
+                       ((name[1] == VFS_MAXTYPENUM) ||
+                        (name[1] == VFS_CONF) ||
+                        (name[1] == VFS_SET_PACKAGE_EXTS)))
+            && (error = suser(kauth_cred_get(), &p->p_acflag))) {
+                       return(error);
+       }
        /*
         * The VFS_NUMMNTOPS shouldn't be at name[0] since
         * is a VFS generic variable. So now we must check
@@ -2220,18 +2759,27 @@ vfs_sysctl(int *name, u_int namelen, user_addr_t oldp, size_t *oldlenp,
        if (namelen < 2)
                return (EISDIR);                /* overloaded */
        if (name[0] != VFS_GENERIC) {
-               struct vfs_context context;
 
-               for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next)
-                       if (vfsp->vfc_typenum == name[0])
+               mount_list_lock();
+               for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next) 
+                       if (vfsp->vfc_typenum == name[0]) {
+                               vfsp->vfc_refcount++;
                                break;
+                       }
+               mount_list_unlock();
+
                if (vfsp == NULL)
                        return (ENOTSUP);
-               context.vc_proc = p;
-               context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_get();
 
-               return ((*vfsp->vfc_vfsops->vfs_sysctl)(&name[1], namelen - 1,
-                           oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, &context));
+               /* XXX current context proxy for proc p? */
+               error = ((*vfsp->vfc_vfsops->vfs_sysctl)(&name[1], namelen - 1,
+                           oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen,
+                           vfs_context_current()));
+
+               mount_list_lock();
+               vfsp->vfc_refcount--;
+               mount_list_unlock();
+               return error;
        }
        switch (name[1]) {
        case VFS_MAXTYPENUM:
@@ -2239,120 +2787,70 @@ vfs_sysctl(int *name, u_int namelen, user_addr_t oldp, size_t *oldlenp,
        case VFS_CONF:
                if (namelen < 3)
                        return (ENOTDIR);       /* overloaded */
+
+               mount_list_lock();
                for (vfsp = vfsconf; vfsp; vfsp = vfsp->vfc_next)
                        if (vfsp->vfc_typenum == name[2])
                                break;
-               if (vfsp == NULL)
+
+               if (vfsp == NULL) {
+                       mount_list_unlock();
                        return (ENOTSUP);
-               vfsc = (struct vfsconf *)vfsp;
-               if (proc_is64bit(p)) {
-                   struct user_vfsconf  usr_vfsc;
-                   usr_vfsc.vfc_vfsops = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(vfsc->vfc_vfsops);
-               bcopy(vfsc->vfc_name, usr_vfsc.vfc_name, sizeof(usr_vfsc.vfc_name));
-                   usr_vfsc.vfc_typenum = vfsc->vfc_typenum;
-                   usr_vfsc.vfc_refcount = vfsc->vfc_refcount;
-                   usr_vfsc.vfc_flags = vfsc->vfc_flags;
-                   usr_vfsc.vfc_mountroot = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(vfsc->vfc_mountroot);
-                   usr_vfsc.vfc_next = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(vfsc->vfc_next);
-            return (sysctl_rdstruct(oldp, oldlenp, newp, &usr_vfsc,
-                                    sizeof(usr_vfsc)));
-               }
-               else {
-            return (sysctl_rdstruct(oldp, oldlenp, newp, vfsc,
-                                    sizeof(struct vfsconf)));
                }
+
+               vfsc.vfc_reserved1 = 0;
+               bcopy(vfsp->vfc_name, vfsc.vfc_name, sizeof(vfsc.vfc_name));
+               vfsc.vfc_typenum = vfsp->vfc_typenum;
+               vfsc.vfc_refcount = vfsp->vfc_refcount;
+               vfsc.vfc_flags = vfsp->vfc_flags;
+               vfsc.vfc_reserved2 = 0;
+               vfsc.vfc_reserved3 = 0;
+
+               mount_list_unlock();
+               return (sysctl_rdstruct(oldp, oldlenp, newp, &vfsc,
+                                       sizeof(struct vfsconf)));
                
        case VFS_SET_PACKAGE_EXTS:
-               return set_package_extensions_table((void *)name[1], name[2], name[3]);
+               return set_package_extensions_table((user_addr_t)((unsigned)name[1]), name[2], name[3]);
        }
        /*
         * We need to get back into the general MIB, so we need to re-prepend
         * CTL_VFS to our name and try userland_sysctl().
         */
+
        usernamelen = namelen + 1;
        MALLOC(username, int *, usernamelen * sizeof(*username),
            M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
        bcopy(name, username + 1, namelen * sizeof(*name));
        username[0] = CTL_VFS;
        error = userland_sysctl(p, username, usernamelen, oldp, 
-                               oldlenp, 1, newp, newlen, oldlenp);
+                               oldlenp, newp, newlen, oldlenp);
        FREE(username, M_TEMP);
        return (error);
 }
 
-int kinfo_vdebug = 1;
-#define KINFO_VNODESLOP        10
 /*
- * Dump vnode list (via sysctl).
- * Copyout address of vnode followed by vnode.
+ * Dump vnode list (via sysctl) - defunct
+ * use "pstat" instead
  */
 /* ARGSUSED */
 int
-sysctl_vnode(__unused user_addr_t where, __unused size_t *sizep)
+sysctl_vnode
+(__unused struct sysctl_oid *oidp, __unused void *arg1, __unused int arg2, __unused struct sysctl_req *req)
 {
-#if 0
-       struct mount *mp, *nmp;
-       struct vnode *nvp, *vp;
-       char *bp = where, *savebp;
-       char *ewhere;
-       int error;
-
-#define VPTRSZ sizeof (struct vnode *)
-#define VNODESZ        sizeof (struct vnode)
-       if (where == NULL) {
-               *sizep = (numvnodes + KINFO_VNODESLOP) * (VPTRSZ + VNODESZ);
-               return (0);
-       }
-       ewhere = where + *sizep;
-               
-       for (mp = mountlist.cqh_first; mp != (void *)&mountlist; mp = nmp) {
-               if (vfs_busy(mp, LK_NOWAIT)) {
-                       nmp = mp->mnt_list.cqe_next;
-                       continue;
-               }
-               savebp = bp;
-again:
-               TAILQ_FOREACH(vp, &mp->mnt_vnodelist, v_mntvnodes) {
-                       /*
-                        * Check that the vp is still associated with
-                        * this filesystem.  RACE: could have been
-                        * recycled onto the same filesystem.
-                        */
-                       if (vp->v_mount != mp) {
-                               if (kinfo_vdebug)
-                                       printf("kinfo: vp changed\n");
-                               bp = savebp;
-                               goto again;
-                       }
-                       if (bp + VPTRSZ + VNODESZ > ewhere) {
-                               vfs_unbusy(mp);
-                               *sizep = bp - where;
-                               return (ENOMEM);
-                       }
-                       if ((error = copyout((caddr_t)&vp, bp, VPTRSZ)) ||
-                           (error = copyout((caddr_t)vp, bp + VPTRSZ, VNODESZ))) {
-                               vfs_unbusy(mp);
-                               return (error);
-                       }
-                       bp += VPTRSZ + VNODESZ;
-               }
-               nmp = mp->mnt_list.cqe_next;
-               vfs_unbusy(mp);
-       }
-
-       *sizep = bp - where;
-       return (0);
-#else
        return(EINVAL);
-#endif
 }
 
+SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_VNODE, vnode,
+               CTLTYPE_STRUCT | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MASKED | CTLFLAG_LOCKED,
+               0, 0, sysctl_vnode, "S,", "");
+
+
 /*
  * Check to see if a filesystem is mounted on a block device.
  */
 int
-vfs_mountedon(vp)
-       struct vnode *vp;
+vfs_mountedon(struct vnode *vp)
 {
        struct vnode *vq;
        int error = 0;
@@ -2362,7 +2860,7 @@ vfs_mountedon(vp)
                error = EBUSY;
                goto out;
        }
-       if (vp->v_flag & VALIASED) {
+       if (vp->v_specflags & SI_ALIASED) {
                for (vq = *vp->v_hashchain; vq; vq = vq->v_specnext) {
                        if (vq->v_rdev != vp->v_rdev ||
                            vq->v_type != vp->v_type)
@@ -2383,10 +2881,9 @@ out:
  * of mounting to avoid dependencies.
  */
 __private_extern__ void
-vfs_unmountall()
+vfs_unmountall(void)
 {
        struct mount *mp;
-       struct proc *p = current_proc();
        int error;
 
        /*
@@ -2396,18 +2893,17 @@ vfs_unmountall()
        while(!TAILQ_EMPTY(&mountlist)) {
                mp = TAILQ_LAST(&mountlist, mntlist);
                mount_list_unlock();
-               error = dounmount(mp, MNT_FORCE, 0, p);
+               error = dounmount(mp, MNT_FORCE, 0, vfs_context_current());
                if ((error != 0) && (error != EBUSY)) {
                        printf("unmount of %s failed (", mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname);
                        printf("%d)\n", error);
-
                        mount_list_lock();
                        TAILQ_REMOVE(&mountlist, mp, mnt_list);
                        continue;
                } else if (error == EBUSY) {
                        /* If EBUSY is returned,  the unmount was already in progress */
-                       printf("unmount of %x failed (", (unsigned int)mp);
-                       printf("BUSY)\n");
+                       printf("unmount of %p failed (", mp);
+                       printf("BUSY)\n");      
                } 
                mount_list_lock();
        }
@@ -2416,80 +2912,71 @@ vfs_unmountall()
 
 
 /*  
- * This routine is called from vnode_pager_no_senders()
- * which in turn can be called with vnode locked by vnode_uncache()
- * But it could also get called as a result of vm_object_cache_trim().
- * In that case lock state is unknown.
- * AGE the vnode so that it gets recycled quickly.
+ * This routine is called from vnode_pager_deallocate out of the VM
+ * The path to vnode_pager_deallocate can only be initiated by ubc_destroy_named
+ * on a vnode that has a UBCINFO
  */
 __private_extern__ void
-vnode_pager_vrele(struct vnode *vp)
+vnode_pager_vrele(vnode_t vp)
 {
-       vnode_lock(vp);
+        struct ubc_info *uip;
 
-       if (!ISSET(vp->v_lflag, VL_TERMINATE))
-               panic("vnode_pager_vrele: vp not in termination");
-       vp->v_lflag &= ~VNAMED_UBC;
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
 
-       if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp)) {
-               struct ubc_info *uip = vp->v_ubcinfo;
+       vp->v_lflag &= ~VNAMED_UBC;
 
-               if (ISSET(uip->ui_flags, UI_WASMAPPED))
-                       SET(vp->v_flag, VWASMAPPED);
-               vp->v_ubcinfo = UBC_INFO_NULL;
+       uip = vp->v_ubcinfo;
+       vp->v_ubcinfo = UBC_INFO_NULL;
 
-               ubc_info_deallocate(uip);
-       } else {
-               panic("NO ubcinfo in vnode_pager_vrele");
-       }
        vnode_unlock(vp);
 
-       wakeup(&vp->v_lflag);
+       ubc_info_deallocate(uip);
 }
 
 
 #include <sys/disk.h>
 
+u_int32_t rootunit = (u_int32_t)-1;
+
 errno_t
 vfs_init_io_attributes(vnode_t devvp, mount_t mp)
 {
        int     error;
-       off_t   readblockcnt;
-       off_t   writeblockcnt;
-       off_t   readmaxcnt;
-       off_t   writemaxcnt;
-       off_t   readsegcnt;
-       off_t   writesegcnt;
-       off_t   readsegsize;
-       off_t   writesegsize;
-       u_long  blksize;
+       off_t   readblockcnt = 0;
+       off_t   writeblockcnt = 0;
+       off_t   readmaxcnt = 0;
+       off_t   writemaxcnt = 0;
+       off_t   readsegcnt = 0;
+       off_t   writesegcnt = 0;
+       off_t   readsegsize = 0;
+       off_t   writesegsize = 0;
+       off_t   alignment = 0;
+       off_t   ioqueue_depth = 0;
+       u_int32_t blksize;
        u_int64_t temp;
-       struct vfs_context context;
-
-       proc_t  p = current_proc();
+       u_int32_t features;
+       vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
+       int isssd = 0;
+       int isvirtual = 0;
 
-       context.vc_proc = p;
-       context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_get();
 
-       int isvirtual = 0;
+       VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETTHROTTLEMASK, (caddr_t)&mp->mnt_throttle_mask, 0, NULL);
        /*
-        * determine if this mount point exists on the same device as the root
-        * partition... if so, then it comes under the hard throttle control
+        * as a reasonable approximation, only use the lowest bit of the mask
+        * to generate a disk unit number
         */
-       int        thisunit = -1;
-       static int rootunit = -1;
+       mp->mnt_devbsdunit = num_trailing_0(mp->mnt_throttle_mask);
 
-       if (rootunit == -1) {
-               if (VNOP_IOCTL(rootvp, DKIOCGETBSDUNIT, (caddr_t)&rootunit, 0, &context))
-                       rootunit = -1; 
-               else if (rootvp == devvp)
-                       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_ROOTDEV;
-       }
-       if (devvp != rootvp && rootunit != -1) {
-               if (VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETBSDUNIT, (caddr_t)&thisunit, 0, &context) == 0) {
-                       if (thisunit == rootunit)
-                               mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_ROOTDEV;
-               }
+       if (devvp == rootvp)
+               rootunit = mp->mnt_devbsdunit;
+
+       if (mp->mnt_devbsdunit == rootunit) {
+               /*
+                * this mount point exists on the same device as the root
+                * partition, so it comes under the hard throttle control...
+                * this is true even for the root mount point itself
+                */
+               mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_ROOTDEV;
        }
        /*
         * force the spec device to re-cache
@@ -2500,78 +2987,115 @@ vfs_init_io_attributes(vnode_t devvp, mount_t mp)
 
 
        if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETBLOCKSIZE,
-                               (caddr_t)&blksize, 0, &context)))
+                               (caddr_t)&blksize, 0, ctx)))
                return (error);
 
        mp->mnt_devblocksize = blksize;
 
-       if (VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCISVIRTUAL, (caddr_t)&isvirtual, 0, &context) == 0) {
+       /*
+        * set the maximum possible I/O size
+        * this may get clipped to a smaller value
+        * based on which constraints are being advertised
+        * and if those advertised constraints result in a smaller
+        * limit for a given I/O
+        */
+       mp->mnt_maxreadcnt = MAX_UPL_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE;
+       mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = MAX_UPL_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE;
+
+       if (VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCISVIRTUAL, (caddr_t)&isvirtual, 0, ctx) == 0) {
                if (isvirtual)
                        mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_VIRTUALDEV;
        }
+       if (VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCISSOLIDSTATE, (caddr_t)&isssd, 0, ctx) == 0) {
+               if (isssd)
+                       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_SSD;
+       }
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETFEATURES,
+                               (caddr_t)&features, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
 
        if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXBLOCKCOUNTREAD,
-                               (caddr_t)&readblockcnt, 0, &context)))
+                               (caddr_t)&readblockcnt, 0, ctx)))
                return (error);
 
        if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXBLOCKCOUNTWRITE,
-                               (caddr_t)&writeblockcnt, 0, &context)))
+                               (caddr_t)&writeblockcnt, 0, ctx)))
                return (error);
 
        if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXBYTECOUNTREAD,
-                               (caddr_t)&readmaxcnt, 0, &context)))
+                               (caddr_t)&readmaxcnt, 0, ctx)))
                return (error);
 
        if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXBYTECOUNTWRITE,
-                               (caddr_t)&writemaxcnt, 0, &context)))
+                               (caddr_t)&writemaxcnt, 0, ctx)))
                return (error);
 
        if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXSEGMENTCOUNTREAD,
-                               (caddr_t)&readsegcnt, 0, &context)))
+                               (caddr_t)&readsegcnt, 0, ctx)))
                return (error);
 
        if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXSEGMENTCOUNTWRITE,
-                               (caddr_t)&writesegcnt, 0, &context)))
+                               (caddr_t)&writesegcnt, 0, ctx)))
                return (error);
 
        if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXSEGMENTBYTECOUNTREAD,
-                               (caddr_t)&readsegsize, 0, &context)))
+                               (caddr_t)&readsegsize, 0, ctx)))
                return (error);
 
        if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMAXSEGMENTBYTECOUNTWRITE,
-                               (caddr_t)&writesegsize, 0, &context)))
+                               (caddr_t)&writesegsize, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETMINSEGMENTALIGNMENTBYTECOUNT,
+                               (caddr_t)&alignment, 0, ctx)))
+               return (error);
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_IOCTL(devvp, DKIOCGETCOMMANDPOOLSIZE,
+                               (caddr_t)&ioqueue_depth, 0, ctx)))
                return (error);
 
        if (readmaxcnt)
-               temp = (readmaxcnt > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : readmaxcnt;
-       else {
-               if (readblockcnt) {
-                       temp = readblockcnt * blksize;
-                       temp = (temp > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : temp;
-               } else
-                       temp = MAXPHYS;
+               mp->mnt_maxreadcnt = (readmaxcnt > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : readmaxcnt;
+
+       if (readblockcnt) {
+               temp = readblockcnt * blksize;
+               temp = (temp > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : temp;
+
+               if (temp < mp->mnt_maxreadcnt)
+                       mp->mnt_maxreadcnt = (u_int32_t)temp;
        }
-       mp->mnt_maxreadcnt = (u_int32_t)temp;
 
        if (writemaxcnt)
-               temp = (writemaxcnt > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : writemaxcnt;
-       else {
-               if (writeblockcnt) {
-                       temp = writeblockcnt * blksize;
-                       temp = (temp > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : temp;
-               } else
-                       temp = MAXPHYS;
+               mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = (writemaxcnt > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : writemaxcnt;
+
+       if (writeblockcnt) {
+               temp = writeblockcnt * blksize;
+               temp = (temp > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : temp;
+
+               if (temp < mp->mnt_maxwritecnt)
+                       mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = (u_int32_t)temp;
        }
-       mp->mnt_maxwritecnt = (u_int32_t)temp;
 
        if (readsegcnt) {
                temp = (readsegcnt > UINT16_MAX) ? UINT16_MAX : readsegcnt;
-               mp->mnt_segreadcnt = (u_int16_t)temp;
+       } else {
+               temp = mp->mnt_maxreadcnt / PAGE_SIZE;
+
+               if (temp > UINT16_MAX)
+                       temp = UINT16_MAX;
        }
+       mp->mnt_segreadcnt = (u_int16_t)temp;
+
        if (writesegcnt) {
                temp = (writesegcnt > UINT16_MAX) ? UINT16_MAX : writesegcnt;
-               mp->mnt_segwritecnt = (u_int16_t)temp;
+       } else {
+               temp = mp->mnt_maxwritecnt / PAGE_SIZE;
+
+               if (temp > UINT16_MAX)
+                       temp = UINT16_MAX;
        }
+       mp->mnt_segwritecnt = (u_int16_t)temp;
+
        if (readsegsize)
                temp = (readsegsize > UINT32_MAX) ? UINT32_MAX : readsegsize;
        else
@@ -2584,23 +3108,64 @@ vfs_init_io_attributes(vnode_t devvp, mount_t mp)
                temp = mp->mnt_maxwritecnt;
        mp->mnt_maxsegwritesize = (u_int32_t)temp;
 
+       if (alignment)
+               temp = (alignment > PAGE_SIZE) ? PAGE_MASK : alignment - 1;
+       else
+               temp = 0;
+       mp->mnt_alignmentmask = temp;
+
+
+       if (ioqueue_depth > MNT_DEFAULT_IOQUEUE_DEPTH)
+               temp = ioqueue_depth;
+       else
+               temp = MNT_DEFAULT_IOQUEUE_DEPTH;
+
+       mp->mnt_ioqueue_depth = temp;
+       mp->mnt_ioscale = (mp->mnt_ioqueue_depth + (MNT_DEFAULT_IOQUEUE_DEPTH - 1)) / MNT_DEFAULT_IOQUEUE_DEPTH;
+
+       if (mp->mnt_ioscale > 1)
+               printf("ioqueue_depth = %d,   ioscale = %d\n", (int)mp->mnt_ioqueue_depth, (int)mp->mnt_ioscale);
+
+       if (features & DK_FEATURE_FORCE_UNIT_ACCESS)
+               mp->mnt_ioflags |= MNT_IOFLAGS_FUA_SUPPORTED;
+       
+       if (features & DK_FEATURE_UNMAP)
+               mp->mnt_ioflags |= MNT_IOFLAGS_UNMAP_SUPPORTED;
+       
        return (error);
 }
 
 static struct klist fs_klist;
+lck_grp_t *fs_klist_lck_grp;
+lck_mtx_t *fs_klist_lock;
 
 void
 vfs_event_init(void)
 {
 
        klist_init(&fs_klist);
+       fs_klist_lck_grp = lck_grp_alloc_init("fs_klist", NULL);
+       fs_klist_lock = lck_mtx_alloc_init(fs_klist_lck_grp, NULL);
 }
 
 void
-vfs_event_signal(__unused fsid_t *fsid, u_int32_t event, __unused intptr_t data)
+vfs_event_signal(fsid_t *fsid, u_int32_t event, intptr_t data)
 {
+       if (event == VQ_DEAD || event == VQ_NOTRESP) {
+               struct mount *mp = vfs_getvfs(fsid);
+               if (mp) {
+                       mount_lock_spin(mp);
+                       if (data)
+                               mp->mnt_kern_flag &= ~MNT_LNOTRESP;     // Now responding
+                       else
+                               mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNT_LNOTRESP;      // Not responding
+                       mount_unlock(mp);
+               }
+       }
 
+       lck_mtx_lock(fs_klist_lock);
        KNOTE(&fs_klist, event);
+       lck_mtx_unlock(fs_klist_lock);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2670,7 +3235,8 @@ sysctl_vfs_getvfslist(fsid_t *fsidlst, int count, int *actual)
 }
 
 static int
-sysctl_vfs_vfslist SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
+sysctl_vfs_vfslist(__unused struct sysctl_oid *oidp, __unused void *arg1,
+               __unused int arg2, struct sysctl_req *req)
 {
        int actual, error;
        size_t space;
@@ -2698,6 +3264,10 @@ again:
                return (ENOMEM);
 
        MALLOC(fsidlst, fsid_t *, req->oldlen, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+       if (fsidlst == NULL) {
+               return (ENOMEM);
+       }
+
        error = sysctl_vfs_getvfslist(fsidlst, req->oldlen / sizeof(fsid_t),
            &actual);
        /*
@@ -2720,43 +3290,35 @@ again:
  * Do a sysctl by fsid.
  */
 static int
-sysctl_vfs_ctlbyfsid SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
+sysctl_vfs_ctlbyfsid(__unused struct sysctl_oid *oidp, void *arg1, int arg2,
+               struct sysctl_req *req)
 {
-       struct vfsidctl vc;
-       struct user_vfsidctl user_vc;
+       union union_vfsidctl vc;
        struct mount *mp;
        struct vfsstatfs *sp;
-       struct proc *p;
-       int *name;
-       int error, flags, namelen;
-       struct vfs_context context;
+       int *name, flags, namelen;
+       int error=0, gotref=0;
+       vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
+       proc_t p = req->p;      /* XXX req->p != current_proc()? */
        boolean_t is_64_bit;
 
        name = arg1;
        namelen = arg2;
-       p = req->p;
-       context.vc_proc = p;
-       context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_get();
        is_64_bit = proc_is64bit(p);
 
-       if (is_64_bit) {
-               error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &user_vc, sizeof(user_vc));
-               if (error)
-                       return (error);
-               if (user_vc.vc_vers != VFS_CTL_VERS1)
-                       return (EINVAL);
-               mp = mount_list_lookupby_fsid(&user_vc.vc_fsid, 0, 0);
-       } 
-       else {
-               error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &vc, sizeof(vc));
-               if (error)
-                       return (error);
-               if (vc.vc_vers != VFS_CTL_VERS1)
-                       return (EINVAL);
-               mp = mount_list_lookupby_fsid(&vc.vc_fsid, 0, 0);
+       error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &vc, is_64_bit? sizeof(vc.vc64):sizeof(vc.vc32));
+       if (error)
+               goto out;
+       if (vc.vc32.vc_vers != VFS_CTL_VERS1) { /* works for 32 and 64 */
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       mp = mount_list_lookupby_fsid(&vc.vc32.vc_fsid, 0, 1); /* works for 32 and 64 */
+       if (mp == NULL) {
+               error = ENOENT;
+               goto out;
        }
-       if (mp == NULL)
-               return (ENOENT);
+       gotref = 1;
        /* reset so that the fs specific code can fetch it. */
        req->newidx = 0;
        /*
@@ -2770,7 +3332,7 @@ sysctl_vfs_ctlbyfsid SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
                                error = mp->mnt_op->vfs_sysctl(name, namelen,
                                    CAST_USER_ADDR_T(req),
                                    NULL, USER_ADDR_NULL, 0, 
-                                   &context);
+                                   ctx);
                        }
                        else {
                                error = ENOTSUP;
@@ -2780,71 +3342,78 @@ sysctl_vfs_ctlbyfsid SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
                        error = mp->mnt_op->vfs_sysctl(name, namelen,
                            CAST_USER_ADDR_T(req),
                            NULL, USER_ADDR_NULL, 0, 
-                           &context);
+                           ctx);
+               }
+               if (error != ENOTSUP) {
+                       goto out;
                }
-               if (error != ENOTSUP)
-                       return (error);
        }
        switch (name[0]) {
        case VFS_CTL_UMOUNT:
                req->newidx = 0;
                if (is_64_bit) {
-                       req->newptr = user_vc.vc_ptr;
-                       req->newlen = (size_t)user_vc.vc_len;
+                       req->newptr = vc.vc64.vc_ptr;
+                       req->newlen = (size_t)vc.vc64.vc_len;
                }
                else {
-                       req->newptr = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(vc.vc_ptr);
-                       req->newlen = vc.vc_len;
+                       req->newptr = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(vc.vc32.vc_ptr);
+                       req->newlen = vc.vc32.vc_len;
                }
                error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &flags, sizeof(flags));
                if (error)
                        break;
 
                mount_ref(mp, 0);
+               mount_iterdrop(mp);
+               gotref = 0;
                /* safedounmount consumes a ref */
-               error = safedounmount(mp, flags, p);
+               error = safedounmount(mp, flags, ctx);
                break;
        case VFS_CTL_STATFS:
                req->newidx = 0;
                if (is_64_bit) {
-                       req->newptr = user_vc.vc_ptr;
-                       req->newlen = (size_t)user_vc.vc_len;
+                       req->newptr = vc.vc64.vc_ptr;
+                       req->newlen = (size_t)vc.vc64.vc_len;
                }
                else {
-                       req->newptr = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(vc.vc_ptr);
-                       req->newlen = vc.vc_len;
+                       req->newptr = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(vc.vc32.vc_ptr);
+                       req->newlen = vc.vc32.vc_len;
                }
                error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &flags, sizeof(flags));
                if (error)
                        break;
                sp = &mp->mnt_vfsstat;
-               if (((flags & MNT_NOWAIT) == 0 || (flags & MNT_WAIT)) &&
-                   (error = vfs_update_vfsstat(mp, &context)))
-                       return (error);
+               if (((flags & MNT_NOWAIT) == 0 || (flags & (MNT_WAIT | MNT_DWAIT))) &&
+                   (error = vfs_update_vfsstat(mp, ctx, VFS_USER_EVENT)))
+                       goto out;
                if (is_64_bit) {
-                       struct user_statfs sfs;
+                       struct user64_statfs sfs;
                        bzero(&sfs, sizeof(sfs));
                        sfs.f_flags = mp->mnt_flag & MNT_VISFLAGMASK;
                        sfs.f_type = mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_typenum;
-                       sfs.f_bsize = (user_long_t)sp->f_bsize;
-                       sfs.f_iosize = (user_long_t)sp->f_iosize;
-                       sfs.f_blocks = (user_long_t)sp->f_blocks;
-                       sfs.f_bfree = (user_long_t)sp->f_bfree;
-                       sfs.f_bavail = (user_long_t)sp->f_bavail;
-                       sfs.f_files = (user_long_t)sp->f_files;
-                       sfs.f_ffree = (user_long_t)sp->f_ffree;
+                       sfs.f_bsize = (user64_long_t)sp->f_bsize;
+                       sfs.f_iosize = (user64_long_t)sp->f_iosize;
+                       sfs.f_blocks = (user64_long_t)sp->f_blocks;
+                       sfs.f_bfree = (user64_long_t)sp->f_bfree;
+                       sfs.f_bavail = (user64_long_t)sp->f_bavail;
+                       sfs.f_files = (user64_long_t)sp->f_files;
+                       sfs.f_ffree = (user64_long_t)sp->f_ffree;
                        sfs.f_fsid = sp->f_fsid;
                        sfs.f_owner = sp->f_owner;
     
-                       strncpy(&sfs.f_fstypename, &sp->f_fstypename, MFSNAMELEN-1);
-                       strncpy(&sfs.f_mntonname, &sp->f_mntonname, MNAMELEN-1);
-                       strncpy(&sfs.f_mntfromname, &sp->f_mntfromname, MNAMELEN-1);
+                       if (mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_TYPENAME_OVERRIDE) {
+                               strlcpy(&sfs.f_fstypename[0], &mp->fstypename_override[0], MFSTYPENAMELEN);
+                       } else {
+                               strlcpy(sfs.f_fstypename, sp->f_fstypename, MFSNAMELEN);
+                       }
+                       strlcpy(sfs.f_mntonname, sp->f_mntonname, MNAMELEN);
+                       strlcpy(sfs.f_mntfromname, sp->f_mntfromname, MNAMELEN);
             
                        error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &sfs, sizeof(sfs));
                }
                else {
-                       struct statfs sfs;
-                       bzero(&sfs, sizeof(struct statfs));
+                       struct user32_statfs sfs;
+                       bzero(&sfs, sizeof(sfs));
                        sfs.f_flags = mp->mnt_flag & MNT_VISFLAGMASK;
                        sfs.f_type = mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_typenum;
 
@@ -2853,7 +3422,7 @@ sysctl_vfs_ctlbyfsid SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
                         * have to fudge the numbers here in that case.   We inflate the blocksize in order
                         * to reflect the filesystem size as best we can.
                         */
-                       if (sp->f_blocks > LONG_MAX) {
+                       if (sp->f_blocks > INT_MAX) {
                                int             shift;
 
                                /*
@@ -2866,81 +3435,101 @@ sysctl_vfs_ctlbyfsid SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
                                 * being smaller than f_bsize.
                                 */
                                for (shift = 0; shift < 32; shift++) {
-                                       if ((sp->f_blocks >> shift) <= LONG_MAX)
+                                       if ((sp->f_blocks >> shift) <= INT_MAX)
                                                break;
-                                       if ((sp->f_bsize << (shift + 1)) > LONG_MAX)
+                                       if ((((long long)sp->f_bsize) << (shift + 1)) > INT_MAX)
                                                break;
                                }
-#define __SHIFT_OR_CLIP(x, s)  ((((x) >> (s)) > LONG_MAX) ? LONG_MAX : ((x) >> (s)))
-                               sfs.f_blocks = (long)__SHIFT_OR_CLIP(sp->f_blocks, shift);
-                               sfs.f_bfree = (long)__SHIFT_OR_CLIP(sp->f_bfree, shift);
-                               sfs.f_bavail = (long)__SHIFT_OR_CLIP(sp->f_bavail, shift);
+#define __SHIFT_OR_CLIP(x, s)  ((((x) >> (s)) > INT_MAX) ? INT_MAX : ((x) >> (s)))
+                               sfs.f_blocks = (user32_long_t)__SHIFT_OR_CLIP(sp->f_blocks, shift);
+                               sfs.f_bfree = (user32_long_t)__SHIFT_OR_CLIP(sp->f_bfree, shift);
+                               sfs.f_bavail = (user32_long_t)__SHIFT_OR_CLIP(sp->f_bavail, shift);
 #undef __SHIFT_OR_CLIP
-                               sfs.f_bsize = (long)(sp->f_bsize << shift);
+                               sfs.f_bsize = (user32_long_t)(sp->f_bsize << shift);
                                sfs.f_iosize = lmax(sp->f_iosize, sp->f_bsize);
                        } else {
-                               sfs.f_bsize = (long)sp->f_bsize;
-                               sfs.f_iosize = (long)sp->f_iosize;
-                               sfs.f_blocks = (long)sp->f_blocks;
-                               sfs.f_bfree = (long)sp->f_bfree;
-                               sfs.f_bavail = (long)sp->f_bavail;
+                               sfs.f_bsize = (user32_long_t)sp->f_bsize;
+                               sfs.f_iosize = (user32_long_t)sp->f_iosize;
+                               sfs.f_blocks = (user32_long_t)sp->f_blocks;
+                               sfs.f_bfree = (user32_long_t)sp->f_bfree;
+                               sfs.f_bavail = (user32_long_t)sp->f_bavail;
                        }
-                       sfs.f_files = (long)sp->f_files;
-                       sfs.f_ffree = (long)sp->f_ffree;
+                       sfs.f_files = (user32_long_t)sp->f_files;
+                       sfs.f_ffree = (user32_long_t)sp->f_ffree;
                        sfs.f_fsid = sp->f_fsid;
                        sfs.f_owner = sp->f_owner;
     
-                       strncpy(&sfs.f_fstypename, &sp->f_fstypename, MFSNAMELEN-1);
-                       strncpy(&sfs.f_mntonname, &sp->f_mntonname, MNAMELEN-1);
-                       strncpy(&sfs.f_mntfromname, &sp->f_mntfromname, MNAMELEN-1);
+                       if (mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_TYPENAME_OVERRIDE) {
+                               strlcpy(&sfs.f_fstypename[0], &mp->fstypename_override[0], MFSTYPENAMELEN);
+                       } else {
+                               strlcpy(sfs.f_fstypename, sp->f_fstypename, MFSNAMELEN);
+                       }
+                       strlcpy(sfs.f_mntonname, sp->f_mntonname, MNAMELEN);
+                       strlcpy(sfs.f_mntfromname, sp->f_mntfromname, MNAMELEN);
             
                        error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &sfs, sizeof(sfs));
                }
                break;
        default:
-               return (ENOTSUP);
+               error = ENOTSUP;
+               goto out;
        }
+out:
+       if(gotref != 0)
+               mount_iterdrop(mp);
        return (error);
 }
 
 static int     filt_fsattach(struct knote *kn);
 static void    filt_fsdetach(struct knote *kn);
 static int     filt_fsevent(struct knote *kn, long hint);
-
-struct filterops fs_filtops =
-       { 0, filt_fsattach, filt_fsdetach, filt_fsevent };
+struct filterops fs_filtops = {
+        .f_attach = filt_fsattach,
+        .f_detach = filt_fsdetach,
+        .f_event = filt_fsevent,
+};
 
 static int
 filt_fsattach(struct knote *kn)
 {
 
+       lck_mtx_lock(fs_klist_lock);
        kn->kn_flags |= EV_CLEAR;
        KNOTE_ATTACH(&fs_klist, kn);
+       lck_mtx_unlock(fs_klist_lock);
        return (0);
 }
 
 static void
 filt_fsdetach(struct knote *kn)
 {
-
+       lck_mtx_lock(fs_klist_lock);
        KNOTE_DETACH(&fs_klist, kn);
+       lck_mtx_unlock(fs_klist_lock);
 }
 
 static int
 filt_fsevent(struct knote *kn, long hint)
 {
+       /*
+        * Backwards compatibility:
+        * Other filters would do nothing if kn->kn_sfflags == 0
+        */
+
+       if ((kn->kn_sfflags == 0) || (kn->kn_sfflags & hint)) {
+               kn->kn_fflags |= hint;
+       }
 
-       kn->kn_fflags |= hint;
        return (kn->kn_fflags != 0);
 }
 
 static int
-sysctl_vfs_noremotehang SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
+sysctl_vfs_noremotehang(__unused struct sysctl_oid *oidp,
+               __unused void *arg1, __unused int arg2, struct sysctl_req *req)
 {
        int out, error;
        pid_t pid;
-       size_t space;
-       struct proc *p;
+       proc_t p;
 
        /* We need a pid. */
        if (req->newptr == USER_ADDR_NULL)
@@ -2950,7 +3539,7 @@ sysctl_vfs_noremotehang SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
        if (error)
                return (error);
 
-       p = pfind(pid < 0 ? -pid : pid);
+       p = proc_find(pid < 0 ? -pid : pid);
        if (p == NULL)
                return (ESRCH);
 
@@ -2960,106 +3549,55 @@ sysctl_vfs_noremotehang SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
         */
        if (req->oldptr != USER_ADDR_NULL) {
                out = !((p->p_flag & P_NOREMOTEHANG) == 0);
+               proc_rele(p);
                error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &out, sizeof(out));
                return (error);
        }
 
-       /* XXX req->p->p_ucred -> kauth_cred_get() ??? */
        /* cansignal offers us enough security. */
-       if (p != req->p && suser(req->p->p_ucred, &req->p->p_acflag) != 0)
+       if (p != req->p && proc_suser(req->p) != 0) {
+               proc_rele(p);
                return (EPERM);
+       }
 
        if (pid < 0)
-               p->p_flag &= ~P_NOREMOTEHANG;
+               OSBitAndAtomic(~((uint32_t)P_NOREMOTEHANG), &p->p_flag);
        else
-               p->p_flag |= P_NOREMOTEHANG;
+               OSBitOrAtomic(P_NOREMOTEHANG, &p->p_flag);
+       proc_rele(p);
 
        return (0);
 }
+
 /* the vfs.generic. branch. */
-SYSCTL_NODE(_vfs, VFS_GENERIC, generic, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "vfs generic hinge");
+SYSCTL_NODE(_vfs, VFS_GENERIC, generic, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_LOCKED, NULL, "vfs generic hinge");
 /* retreive a list of mounted filesystem fsid_t */
-SYSCTL_PROC(_vfs_generic, OID_AUTO, vfsidlist, CTLFLAG_RD,
-    0, 0, sysctl_vfs_vfslist, "S,fsid", "List of mounted filesystem ids");
+SYSCTL_PROC(_vfs_generic, OID_AUTO, vfsidlist, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_LOCKED,
+    NULL, 0, sysctl_vfs_vfslist, "S,fsid", "List of mounted filesystem ids");
 /* perform operations on filesystem via fsid_t */
-SYSCTL_NODE(_vfs_generic, OID_AUTO, ctlbyfsid, CTLFLAG_RW,
+SYSCTL_NODE(_vfs_generic, OID_AUTO, ctlbyfsid, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_LOCKED,
     sysctl_vfs_ctlbyfsid, "ctlbyfsid");
-SYSCTL_PROC(_vfs_generic, OID_AUTO, noremotehang, CTLFLAG_RW,
-    0, 0, sysctl_vfs_noremotehang, "I", "noremotehang");
+SYSCTL_PROC(_vfs_generic, OID_AUTO, noremotehang, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_ANYBODY,
+    NULL, 0, sysctl_vfs_noremotehang, "I", "noremotehang");
        
        
-int num_reusedvnodes=0;
+long num_reusedvnodes = 0;
 
-static int
-new_vnode(vnode_t *vpp)
+
+static vnode_t
+process_vp(vnode_t vp, int want_vp, int *deferred)
 {
-       vnode_t vp;
-       int retries = 0;                                /* retry incase of tablefull */
-       int vpid;
-       struct timespec ts;
+       unsigned int  vpid;
 
-retry:
-       vnode_list_lock();
+       *deferred = 0;
 
-       if ( !TAILQ_EMPTY(&vnode_free_list)) {
-               /*
-                * Pick the first vp for possible reuse
-                */
-               vp = TAILQ_FIRST(&vnode_free_list);
+       vpid = vp->v_id;
 
-               if (vp->v_lflag & VL_DEAD)
-                       goto steal_this_vp;
-       } else
-               vp = NULL;
+       vnode_list_remove_locked(vp);
 
-       /*
-        * we're either empty, or the next guy on the
-        * list is a valid vnode... if we're under the
-        * limit, we'll create a new vnode
-        */
-       if (numvnodes < desiredvnodes) {
-               numvnodes++;
-               vnode_list_unlock();
-               MALLOC_ZONE(vp, struct vnode *, sizeof *vp, M_VNODE, M_WAITOK);
-               bzero((char *)vp, sizeof *vp);
-               VLISTNONE(vp);          /* avoid double queue removal */
-               lck_mtx_init(&vp->v_lock, vnode_lck_grp, vnode_lck_attr);
+       vnode_list_unlock();
 
-               nanouptime(&ts);
-               vp->v_id = ts.tv_nsec;
-               vp->v_flag = VSTANDARD;
-
-               goto done;
-       }
-       if (vp == NULL) {
-               /*
-                * we've reached the system imposed maximum number of vnodes
-                * but there isn't a single one available
-                * wait a bit and then retry... if we can't get a vnode
-                * after 100 retries, than log a complaint
-                */
-               if (++retries <= 100) {
-                       vnode_list_unlock();
-                       IOSleep(1);
-                       goto retry;
-               }
-                       
-               vnode_list_unlock();
-               tablefull("vnode");
-               log(LOG_EMERG, "%d desired, %d numvnodes, "
-                       "%d free, %d inactive\n",
-                       desiredvnodes, numvnodes, freevnodes, inactivevnodes);
-               *vpp = 0;
-               return (ENFILE);
-       }
-steal_this_vp:
-       vpid = vp->v_id;
-
-       VREMFREE("new_vnode", vp);
-       VLISTNONE(vp);
-
-       vnode_list_unlock();
-       vnode_lock(vp);
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
 
        /* 
         * We could wait for the vnode_lock after removing the vp from the freelist
@@ -3067,15 +3605,15 @@ steal_this_vp:
         * that we are looking at a vnode that is being terminated. If so skip it.
         */ 
        if ((vpid != vp->v_id) || (vp->v_usecount != 0) || (vp->v_iocount != 0) || 
-                       VONLIST(vp) || (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE)) {
+           VONLIST(vp) || (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE)) {
                /*
                 * we lost the race between dropping the list lock
                 * and picking up the vnode_lock... someone else
                 * used this vnode and it is now in a new state
-                * so we need to go back and try again
                 */
                vnode_unlock(vp);
-               goto retry;
+               
+               return (NULLVP);
        }
        if ( (vp->v_lflag & (VL_NEEDINACTIVE | VL_MARKTERM)) == VL_NEEDINACTIVE ) {
                /*
@@ -3099,42 +3637,379 @@ steal_this_vp:
 #endif
                vnode_put_locked(vp);
                vnode_unlock(vp);
-               goto retry;
-       }
-       OSAddAtomic(1, &num_reusedvnodes);
 
-       /* Checks for anyone racing us for recycle */ 
+               return (NULLVP);
+       }
+       /*
+        * Checks for anyone racing us for recycle
+        */ 
        if (vp->v_type != VBAD) {
+               if (want_vp && vnode_on_reliable_media(vp) == FALSE) {
+                       vnode_async_list_add(vp);
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+                       
+                       *deferred = 1;
+
+                       return (NULLVP);
+               }
                if (vp->v_lflag & VL_DEAD)
-                       panic("new_vnode: the vnode is VL_DEAD but not VBAD");
+                       panic("new_vnode(%p): the vnode is VL_DEAD but not VBAD", vp);
+
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+               (void)vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, want_vp, 0);
+
+               if (want_vp) {
+                       if ((VONLIST(vp)))
+                               panic("new_vnode(%p): vp on list", vp);
+                       if (vp->v_usecount || vp->v_iocount || vp->v_kusecount ||
+                           (vp->v_lflag & (VNAMED_UBC | VNAMED_MOUNT | VNAMED_FSHASH)))
+                               panic("new_vnode(%p): free vnode still referenced", vp);
+                       if ((vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev != 0) && (vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next != 0))
+                               panic("new_vnode(%p): vnode seems to be on mount list", vp);
+                       if ( !LIST_EMPTY(&vp->v_nclinks) || !LIST_EMPTY(&vp->v_ncchildren))
+                               panic("new_vnode(%p): vnode still hooked into the name cache", vp);
+               } else {
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+                       vp = NULLVP;
+               }
+       }
+       return (vp);
+}
+
+
+
+static void
+async_work_continue(void)
+{
+       struct async_work_lst *q;
+       int     deferred;
+       vnode_t vp;
+
+       q = &vnode_async_work_list;
+
+       for (;;) {
+
+               vnode_list_lock();
+
+               if ( TAILQ_EMPTY(q) ) {
+                       assert_wait(q, (THREAD_UNINT));
+       
+                       vnode_list_unlock();
+                       
+                       thread_block((thread_continue_t)async_work_continue);
+
+                       continue;
+               }
+               async_work_handled++;
+
+               vp = TAILQ_FIRST(q);
+
+               vp = process_vp(vp, 0, &deferred);
+
+               if (vp != NULLVP)
+                       panic("found VBAD vp (%p) on async queue", vp);
+       }
+}
+
+
+static int
+new_vnode(vnode_t *vpp)
+{
+       vnode_t vp;
+       uint32_t retries = 0, max_retries = 100;                /* retry incase of tablefull */
+       int force_alloc = 0, walk_count = 0;
+       boolean_t need_reliable_vp = FALSE;
+       int deferred;
+        struct timeval initial_tv;
+        struct timeval current_tv;
+#if CONFIG_VFS_FUNNEL
+        struct unsafe_fsnode *l_unsafefs = 0;
+#endif /* CONFIG_VFS_FUNNEL */
+       proc_t  curproc = current_proc();
+
+       initial_tv.tv_sec = 0;
+retry:
+       vp = NULLVP;
+
+       vnode_list_lock();
+
+       if (need_reliable_vp == TRUE)
+               async_work_timed_out++;
+
+       if ((numvnodes - deadvnodes) < desiredvnodes || force_alloc) {
+               struct timespec ts;
+
+               if ( !TAILQ_EMPTY(&vnode_dead_list)) {
+                       /*
+                        * Can always reuse a dead one
+                        */
+                       vp = TAILQ_FIRST(&vnode_dead_list);
+                       goto steal_this_vp;
+               }
+               /*
+                * no dead vnodes available... if we're under
+                * the limit, we'll create a new vnode
+                */
+               numvnodes++;
+               vnode_list_unlock();
+
+               MALLOC_ZONE(vp, struct vnode *, sizeof(*vp), M_VNODE, M_WAITOK);
+               bzero((char *)vp, sizeof(*vp));
+               VLISTNONE(vp);          /* avoid double queue removal */
+               lck_mtx_init(&vp->v_lock, vnode_lck_grp, vnode_lck_attr);
+
+               klist_init(&vp->v_knotes);
+               nanouptime(&ts);
+               vp->v_id = ts.tv_nsec;
+               vp->v_flag = VSTANDARD;
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+               if (mac_vnode_label_init_needed(vp))
+                       mac_vnode_label_init(vp);
+#endif /* MAC */
+
+               vp->v_iocount = 1;
+               goto done;
+       }
+       microuptime(&current_tv);
+
+#define MAX_WALK_COUNT 1000
+
+       if ( !TAILQ_EMPTY(&vnode_rage_list) &&
+            (ragevnodes >= rage_limit ||
+             (current_tv.tv_sec - rage_tv.tv_sec) >= RAGE_TIME_LIMIT)) {
+
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(vp, &vnode_rage_list, v_freelist) {
+                       if ( !(vp->v_listflag & VLIST_RAGE))
+                               panic("new_vnode: vp (%p) on RAGE list not marked VLIST_RAGE", vp);
+
+                       // if we're a dependency-capable process, skip vnodes that can
+                       // cause recycling deadlocks. (i.e. this process is diskimages
+                       // helper and the vnode is in a disk image).  Querying the
+                       // mnt_kern_flag for the mount's virtual device status
+                       // is safer than checking the mnt_dependent_process, which
+                       // may not be updated if there are multiple devnode layers 
+                       // in between the disk image and the final consumer.
+
+                       if ((curproc->p_flag & P_DEPENDENCY_CAPABLE) == 0 || vp->v_mount == NULL || 
+                           (vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_VIRTUALDEV) == 0) {
+                               /*
+                                * if need_reliable_vp == TRUE, then we've already sent one or more
+                                * non-reliable vnodes to the async thread for processing and timed
+                                * out waiting for a dead vnode to show up.  Use the MAX_WALK_COUNT
+                                * mechanism to first scan for a reliable vnode before forcing 
+                                * a new vnode to be created
+                                */
+                               if (need_reliable_vp == FALSE || vnode_on_reliable_media(vp) == TRUE)
+                                       break;
+                       }
+
+                       // don't iterate more than MAX_WALK_COUNT vnodes to
+                       // avoid keeping the vnode list lock held for too long.
+
+                       if (walk_count++ > MAX_WALK_COUNT) {
+                               vp = NULL;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (vp == NULL && !TAILQ_EMPTY(&vnode_free_list)) {
+               /*
+                * Pick the first vp for possible reuse
+                */
+               walk_count = 0;
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(vp, &vnode_free_list, v_freelist) {
+
+                       // if we're a dependency-capable process, skip vnodes that can
+                       // cause recycling deadlocks. (i.e. this process is diskimages
+                       // helper and the vnode is in a disk image).  Querying the
+                       // mnt_kern_flag for the mount's virtual device status
+                       // is safer than checking the mnt_dependent_process, which
+                       // may not be updated if there are multiple devnode layers 
+                       // in between the disk image and the final consumer.
+
+                       if ((curproc->p_flag & P_DEPENDENCY_CAPABLE) == 0 || vp->v_mount == NULL || 
+                           (vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_VIRTUALDEV) == 0) {
+                               /*
+                                * if need_reliable_vp == TRUE, then we've already sent one or more
+                                * non-reliable vnodes to the async thread for processing and timed
+                                * out waiting for a dead vnode to show up.  Use the MAX_WALK_COUNT
+                                * mechanism to first scan for a reliable vnode before forcing 
+                                * a new vnode to be created
+                                */
+                               if (need_reliable_vp == FALSE || vnode_on_reliable_media(vp) == TRUE)
+                                       break;
+                       }
+
+                       // don't iterate more than MAX_WALK_COUNT vnodes to
+                       // avoid keeping the vnode list lock held for too long.
+
+                       if (walk_count++ > MAX_WALK_COUNT) {
+                               vp = NULL;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       //
+       // if we don't have a vnode and the walk_count is >= MAX_WALK_COUNT
+       // then we're trying to create a vnode on behalf of a
+       // process like diskimages-helper that has file systems
+       // mounted on top of itself (and thus we can't reclaim
+       // vnodes in the file systems on top of us).  if we can't
+       // find a vnode to reclaim then we'll just have to force
+       // the allocation.
+       //
+       if (vp == NULL && walk_count >= MAX_WALK_COUNT) {
+               force_alloc = 1;
+               vnode_list_unlock();
+               goto retry;
+       }
+
+       if (vp == NULL) {
+               /*
+                * we've reached the system imposed maximum number of vnodes
+                * but there isn't a single one available
+                * wait a bit and then retry... if we can't get a vnode
+                * after our target number of retries, than log a complaint
+                */
+               if (++retries <= max_retries) {
+                       vnode_list_unlock();
+                       delay_for_interval(1, 1000 * 1000);
+                       goto retry;
+               }
+                       
+               vnode_list_unlock();
+               tablefull("vnode");
+               log(LOG_EMERG, "%d desired, %d numvnodes, "
+                       "%d free, %d dead, %d rage\n",
+                       desiredvnodes, numvnodes, freevnodes, deadvnodes, ragevnodes);
+#if CONFIG_JETSAM
+               /*
+                * Running out of vnodes tends to make a system unusable. Start killing
+                * processes that jetsam knows are killable.
+                */
+               if (memorystatus_kill_top_proc(TRUE, kMemorystatusFlagsKilledVnodes) < 0) {
+                       /*
+                        * If jetsam can't find any more processes to kill and there
+                        * still aren't any free vnodes, panic. Hopefully we'll get a
+                        * panic log to tell us why we ran out.
+                        */
+                       panic("vnode table is full\n");
+               }
+
+               /* 
+                * Now that we've killed someone, wait a bit and continue looking 
+                * (with fewer retries before trying another kill).
+                */
+               delay_for_interval(3, 1000 * 1000);
+               retries = 0;    
+               max_retries = 10;
+               goto retry;
+#endif
+
+               *vpp = NULL;
+               return (ENFILE);
+       }
+steal_this_vp:
+       if ((vp = process_vp(vp, 1, &deferred)) == NULLVP) {
+               if (deferred) {
+                       int     elapsed_msecs;
+                       struct timeval elapsed_tv;
+
+                       if (initial_tv.tv_sec == 0)
+                               microuptime(&initial_tv);
+
+                       vnode_list_lock();
+
+                       dead_vnode_waited++;
+                       dead_vnode_wanted++;
+
+                       /*
+                        * note that we're only going to explicitly wait 10ms
+                        * for a dead vnode to become available, since even if one
+                        * isn't available, a reliable vnode might now be available
+                        * at the head of the VRAGE or free lists... if so, we
+                        * can satisfy the new_vnode request with less latency then waiting
+                        * for the full 100ms duration we're ultimately willing to tolerate
+                        */
+                       assert_wait_timeout((caddr_t)&dead_vnode_wanted, (THREAD_INTERRUPTIBLE), 10000, NSEC_PER_USEC);
+
+                       vnode_list_unlock();
 
-               (void)vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1);
+                       thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
 
-               if ((VONLIST(vp)))
-                       panic("new_vnode: vp on list ");
-               if (vp->v_usecount || vp->v_iocount || vp->v_kusecount ||
-                   (vp->v_lflag & (VNAMED_UBC | VNAMED_MOUNT | VNAMED_FSHASH)))
-                       panic("new_vnode: free vnode still referenced\n");
-               if ((vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_prev != 0) && (vp->v_mntvnodes.tqe_next != 0))
-                       panic("new_vnode: vnode seems to be on mount list ");
-               if ( !LIST_EMPTY(&vp->v_nclinks) || !LIST_EMPTY(&vp->v_ncchildren))
-                       panic("new_vnode: vnode still hooked into the name cache");
+                       microuptime(&elapsed_tv);
+                       
+                       timevalsub(&elapsed_tv, &initial_tv);
+                       elapsed_msecs = elapsed_tv.tv_sec * 1000 + elapsed_tv.tv_usec / 1000;
+
+                       if (elapsed_msecs >= 100) {
+                               /*
+                                * we've waited long enough... 100ms is 
+                                * somewhat arbitrary for this case, but the
+                                * normal worst case latency used for UI
+                                * interaction is 100ms, so I've chosen to
+                                * go with that.
+                                *
+                                * setting need_reliable_vp to TRUE
+                                * forces us to find a reliable vnode
+                                * that we can process synchronously, or
+                                * to create a new one if the scan for
+                                * a reliable one hits the scan limit
+                                */
+                               need_reliable_vp = TRUE;
+                       }
+               }
+               goto retry;
        }
+       OSAddAtomicLong(1, &num_reusedvnodes);
+
+
+#if CONFIG_VFS_FUNNEL
        if (vp->v_unsafefs) {
-               lck_mtx_destroy(&vp->v_unsafefs->fsnodelock, vnode_lck_grp);
-               FREE_ZONE((void *)vp->v_unsafefs, sizeof(struct unsafe_fsnode), M_UNSAFEFS);
+               l_unsafefs = vp->v_unsafefs;
                vp->v_unsafefs = (struct unsafe_fsnode *)NULL;
        }
+#endif /* CONFIG_VFS_FUNNEL */
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       /*
+        * We should never see VL_LABELWAIT or VL_LABEL here.
+        * as those operations hold a reference.
+        */
+       assert ((vp->v_lflag & VL_LABELWAIT) != VL_LABELWAIT);
+       assert ((vp->v_lflag & VL_LABEL) != VL_LABEL);
+       if (vp->v_lflag & VL_LABELED) {
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+               mac_vnode_label_recycle(vp);
+       } else if (mac_vnode_label_init_needed(vp)) {
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+               mac_vnode_label_init(vp);
+       }
+
+#endif /* MAC */
+
+       vp->v_iocount = 1;
        vp->v_lflag = 0;
        vp->v_writecount = 0;
         vp->v_references = 0;
        vp->v_iterblkflags = 0;
        vp->v_flag = VSTANDARD;
        /* vbad vnodes can point to dead_mountp */
-       vp->v_mount = 0;
+       vp->v_mount = NULL;
        vp->v_defer_reclaimlist = (vnode_t)0;
 
        vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+#if CONFIG_VFS_FUNNEL
+       if (l_unsafefs) {
+               lck_mtx_destroy(&l_unsafefs->fsnodelock, vnode_lck_grp);
+               FREE_ZONE((void *)l_unsafefs, sizeof(struct unsafe_fsnode), M_UNSAFEFS);
+       }
+#endif /* CONFIG_VFS_FUNNEL */
+
 done:
        *vpp = vp;
 
@@ -3147,6 +4022,12 @@ vnode_lock(vnode_t vp)
        lck_mtx_lock(&vp->v_lock);
 }
 
+void
+vnode_lock_spin(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       lck_mtx_lock_spin(&vp->v_lock);
+}
+
 void
 vnode_unlock(vnode_t vp)
 {
@@ -3158,25 +4039,52 @@ vnode_unlock(vnode_t vp)
 int
 vnode_get(struct vnode *vp)
 {
-        vnode_lock(vp);
+        int retval;
 
-       if ( (vp->v_iocount == 0) && (vp->v_lflag & (VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD)) ) {
-               vnode_unlock(vp);
+        vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       retval = vnode_get_locked(vp);
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       return(retval); 
+}
+
+int
+vnode_get_locked(struct vnode *vp)
+{
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       lck_mtx_assert(&vp->v_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+#endif
+       if ((vp->v_iocount == 0) && (vp->v_lflag & (VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD))) {
                return(ENOENT); 
        }
        vp->v_iocount++;
 #ifdef JOE_DEBUG
        record_vp(vp, 1);
 #endif
-       vnode_unlock(vp);
+       return (0);
+}
 
-       return(0);      
+/*
+ * vnode_getwithvid() cuts in line in front of a vnode drain (that is,
+ * while the vnode is draining, but at no point after that) to prevent
+ * deadlocks when getting vnodes from filesystem hashes while holding
+ * resources that may prevent other iocounts from being released.
+ */
+int
+vnode_getwithvid(vnode_t vp, uint32_t vid)
+{
+        return(vget_internal(vp, vid, ( VNODE_NODEAD | VNODE_WITHID | VNODE_DRAINO )));
 }
 
+/*
+ * vnode_getwithvid_drainok() is like vnode_getwithvid(), but *does* block behind a vnode
+ * drain; it exists for use in the VFS name cache, where we really do want to block behind
+ * vnode drain to prevent holding off an unmount.
+ */
 int
-vnode_getwithvid(vnode_t vp, int vid)
+vnode_getwithvid_drainok(vnode_t vp, uint32_t vid)
 {
-        return(vget_internal(vp, vid, ( VNODE_NODEAD| VNODE_WITHID)));
+        return(vget_internal(vp, vid, ( VNODE_NODEAD | VNODE_WITHID )));
 }
 
 int
@@ -3186,12 +4094,18 @@ vnode_getwithref(vnode_t vp)
 }
 
 
+__private_extern__ int
+vnode_getalways(vnode_t vp)
+{
+        return(vget_internal(vp, 0, VNODE_ALWAYS));
+}
+
 int
 vnode_put(vnode_t vp)
 {
         int retval;
 
-       vnode_lock(vp);
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        retval = vnode_put_locked(vp);
        vnode_unlock(vp);
 
@@ -3201,26 +4115,27 @@ vnode_put(vnode_t vp)
 int
 vnode_put_locked(vnode_t vp)
 {
-       struct vfs_context context;
+       vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();      /* hoist outside loop */
 
+#if DIAGNOSTIC
+       lck_mtx_assert(&vp->v_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+#endif
 retry:
        if (vp->v_iocount < 1) 
-               panic("vnode_put(%x): iocount < 1", vp);
+               panic("vnode_put(%p): iocount < 1", vp);
 
        if ((vp->v_usecount > 0) || (vp->v_iocount > 1))  {
-               vnode_dropiocount(vp, 1);
+               vnode_dropiocount(vp);
                return(0);
        }
-       if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_MARKTERM | VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD | VL_NEEDINACTIVE)) == VL_NEEDINACTIVE) {
+       if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_DEAD | VL_NEEDINACTIVE)) == VL_NEEDINACTIVE) {
 
                vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
                vnode_unlock(vp);
 
-               context.vc_proc = current_proc();
-               context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_get();
-               VNOP_INACTIVE(vp, &context);
+               VNOP_INACTIVE(vp, ctx);
 
-               vnode_lock(vp);
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
                /*
                 * because we had to drop the vnode lock before calling
                 * VNOP_INACTIVE, the state of this vnode may have changed...
@@ -3234,10 +4149,11 @@ retry:
        }
         vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_NEEDINACTIVE;
 
-       if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_MARKTERM | VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD)) == VL_MARKTERM)
-               vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 0);
-
-       vnode_dropiocount(vp, 1);
+       if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_MARKTERM | VL_TERMINATE | VL_DEAD)) == VL_MARKTERM) {
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+               vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 1, 1, 0);
+       }
+       vnode_dropiocount(vp);
        vnode_list_add(vp);
 
        return(0);
@@ -3257,8 +4173,8 @@ vnode_isinuse_locked(vnode_t vp, int refcnt, int locked)
        int retval = 0;
 
        if (!locked)
-               vnode_lock(vp);
-       if ((vp->v_type != VREG) && (vp->v_usecount >  refcnt)) {
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       if ((vp->v_type != VREG) && ((vp->v_usecount - vp->v_kusecount) >  refcnt)) {
                retval = 1;
                goto out;
        }
@@ -3277,64 +4193,105 @@ out:
 errno_t 
 vnode_resume(vnode_t vp)
 {
+       if ((vp->v_lflag & VL_SUSPENDED) && vp->v_owner == current_thread()) {
 
-       vnode_lock(vp);
-
-       if (vp->v_owner == current_thread()) {
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
                vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_SUSPENDED;
-               vp->v_owner = 0;
+               vp->v_owner = NULL;
                vnode_unlock(vp);
+
                wakeup(&vp->v_iocount);
-       } else
-               vnode_unlock(vp);
+       }
+       return(0);
+}
+
+/* suspend vnode_t
+ * Please do not use on more than one vnode at a time as it may
+ * cause deadlocks.
+ * xxx should we explicity prevent this from happening?
+ */
+
+errno_t
+vnode_suspend(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       if (vp->v_lflag & VL_SUSPENDED) {
+               return(EBUSY);
+       }
+
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+
+       /* 
+        * xxx is this sufficient to check if a vnode_drain is 
+        * progress?
+        */
+
+       if (vp->v_owner == NULL) {
+               vp->v_lflag |= VL_SUSPENDED;
+               vp->v_owner = current_thread();
+       }
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
 
        return(0);
 }
+                                       
+/*
+ * Release any blocked locking requests on the vnode.
+ * Used for forced-unmounts.
+ *
+ * XXX What about network filesystems?
+ */
+static void
+vnode_abort_advlocks(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       if (vp->v_flag & VLOCKLOCAL)
+               lf_abort_advlocks(vp);
+}
+                                       
 
 static errno_t 
 vnode_drain(vnode_t vp)
 {
        
        if (vp->v_lflag & VL_DRAIN) {
-               panic("vnode_drain: recursuve drain");
+               panic("vnode_drain: recursive drain");
                return(ENOENT);
        }
        vp->v_lflag |= VL_DRAIN;
        vp->v_owner = current_thread();
 
        while (vp->v_iocount > 1)
-               msleep(&vp->v_iocount, &vp->v_lock, PVFS, "vnode_drain", 0);
+               msleep(&vp->v_iocount, &vp->v_lock, PVFS, "vnode_drain", NULL);
+
+       vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_DRAIN;
+
        return(0);
 }
 
 
 /*
  * if the number of recent references via vnode_getwithvid or vnode_getwithref
- * exceeds this threshhold, than 'UN-AGE' the vnode by removing it from
+ * exceeds this threshold, than 'UN-AGE' the vnode by removing it from
  * the LRU list if it's currently on it... once the iocount and usecount both drop
  * to 0, it will get put back on the end of the list, effectively making it younger
  * this allows us to keep actively referenced vnodes in the list without having
  * to constantly remove and add to the list each time a vnode w/o a usecount is
  * referenced which costs us taking and dropping a global lock twice.
  */
-#define UNAGE_THRESHHOLD       10
+#define UNAGE_THRESHHOLD       25
 
 errno_t
-vnode_getiocount(vnode_t vp, int locked, int vid, int vflags)
+vnode_getiocount(vnode_t vp, unsigned int vid, int vflags)
 {
        int nodead = vflags & VNODE_NODEAD;
        int nosusp = vflags & VNODE_NOSUSPEND;
-
-       if (!locked)
-               vnode_lock(vp);
+       int always = vflags & VNODE_ALWAYS;
+       int beatdrain = vflags & VNODE_DRAINO;
 
        for (;;) {
                /*
                 * if it is a dead vnode with deadfs
                 */
-               if (nodead && (vp->v_lflag & VL_DEAD) && ((vp->v_type == VBAD) || (vp->v_data == 0))) {
-                       if (!locked)
-                               vnode_unlock(vp);
+               if (nodead && (vp->v_lflag & VL_DEAD) && ((vp->v_type == VBAD) || (vp->v_data == 0))) {
                        return(ENOENT);
                }
                /*
@@ -3347,8 +4304,6 @@ vnode_getiocount(vnode_t vp, int locked, int vid, int vflags)
                 * if suspended vnodes are to be failed
                 */
                if (nosusp && (vp->v_lflag & VL_SUSPENDED)) {
-                       if (!locked)
-                               vnode_unlock(vp);
                        return(ENOENT);
                }
                /*
@@ -3359,16 +4314,31 @@ vnode_getiocount(vnode_t vp, int locked, int vid, int vflags)
                    (vp->v_owner == current_thread())) {
                        break;
                }
-               if (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE) {
-                       vp->v_lflag |= VL_TERMWANT;
+               
+               if (always != 0) 
+                       break;
 
-                       msleep(&vp->v_lflag,   &vp->v_lock, PVFS, "vnode getiocount", 0);
-               } else
-                       msleep(&vp->v_iocount, &vp->v_lock, PVFS, "vnode_getiocount", 0);
-       }
-       if (vid != vp->v_id) {
-               if (!locked)
-                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+               /*
+                * In some situations, we want to get an iocount
+                * even if the vnode is draining to prevent deadlock,
+                * e.g. if we're in the filesystem, potentially holding
+                * resources that could prevent other iocounts from
+                * being released.
+                */
+               if (beatdrain && (vp->v_lflag & VL_DRAIN)) {
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               vnode_lock_convert(vp);
+
+               if (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMINATE) {
+                       vp->v_lflag |= VL_TERMWANT;
+
+                       msleep(&vp->v_lflag,   &vp->v_lock, PVFS, "vnode getiocount", NULL);
+               } else
+                       msleep(&vp->v_iocount, &vp->v_lock, PVFS, "vnode_getiocount", NULL);
+       }
+       if (((vflags & VNODE_WITHID) != 0) && vid != vp->v_id) {
                return(ENOENT);
        }
        if (++vp->v_references >= UNAGE_THRESHHOLD) {
@@ -3379,18 +4349,14 @@ vnode_getiocount(vnode_t vp, int locked, int vid, int vflags)
 #ifdef JOE_DEBUG
        record_vp(vp, 1);
 #endif
-       if (!locked)
-               vnode_unlock(vp);
        return(0);      
 }
 
 static void
-vnode_dropiocount (vnode_t vp, int locked)
+vnode_dropiocount (vnode_t vp)
 {
-       if (!locked)
-               vnode_lock(vp);
        if (vp->v_iocount < 1)
-               panic("vnode_dropiocount(%x): v_iocount < 1", vp);
+               panic("vnode_dropiocount(%p): v_iocount < 1", vp);
 
        vp->v_iocount--;
 #ifdef JOE_DEBUG
@@ -3398,21 +4364,18 @@ vnode_dropiocount (vnode_t vp, int locked)
 #endif
        if ((vp->v_lflag & (VL_DRAIN | VL_SUSPENDED)) && (vp->v_iocount <= 1))
                wakeup(&vp->v_iocount);
-
-       if (!locked)
-               vnode_unlock(vp);
 }
 
 
 void
 vnode_reclaim(struct vnode * vp)
 {
-       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 0, 0);
+       vnode_reclaim_internal(vp, 0, 0, 0);
 }
 
 __private_extern__
 void
-vnode_reclaim_internal(struct vnode * vp, int locked, int reuse)
+vnode_reclaim_internal(struct vnode * vp, int locked, int reuse, int flags)
 {
        int isfifo = 0;
 
@@ -3424,22 +4387,38 @@ vnode_reclaim_internal(struct vnode * vp, int locked, int reuse)
        }
        vp->v_lflag |= VL_TERMINATE;
 
-       if (vnode_drain(vp)) {
-               panic("vnode drain failed");
-               vnode_unlock(vp);
-               return;
-       }
+       vn_clearunionwait(vp, 1);
+
+       vnode_drain(vp);
+
        isfifo = (vp->v_type == VFIFO);
 
        if (vp->v_type != VBAD)
-               vgone(vp);              /* clean and reclaim the vnode */
+               vgone(vp, flags);               /* clean and reclaim the vnode */
 
        /*
-        * give the vnode a new identity so
-        * that vnode_getwithvid will fail
-        * on any stale cache accesses
+        * give the vnode a new identity so that vnode_getwithvid will fail
+        * on any stale cache accesses...
+        * grab the list_lock so that if we're in "new_vnode"
+        * behind the list_lock trying to steal this vnode, the v_id is stable...
+        * once new_vnode drops the list_lock, it will block trying to take
+        * the vnode lock until we release it... at that point it will evaluate
+        * whether the v_vid has changed
+        * also need to make sure that the vnode isn't on a list where "new_vnode"
+        * can find it after the v_id has been bumped until we are completely done
+        * with the vnode (i.e. putting it back on a list has to be the very last
+        * thing we do to this vnode... many of the callers of vnode_reclaim_internal
+        * are holding an io_count on the vnode... they need to drop the io_count
+        * BEFORE doing a vnode_list_add or make sure to hold the vnode lock until
+        * they are completely done with the vnode
         */
+       vnode_list_lock();
+
+       vnode_list_remove_locked(vp);
        vp->v_id++;
+
+       vnode_list_unlock();
+
        if (isfifo) {
                struct fifoinfo * fip;
 
@@ -3447,13 +4426,12 @@ vnode_reclaim_internal(struct vnode * vp, int locked, int reuse)
                vp->v_fifoinfo = NULL;
                FREE(fip, M_TEMP);
        }
-
        vp->v_type = VBAD;
 
        if (vp->v_data)
                panic("vnode_reclaim_internal: cleaned vnode isn't");
        if (vp->v_numoutput)
-               panic("vnode_reclaim_internal: Clean vnode has pending I/O's");
+               panic("vnode_reclaim_internal: clean vnode has pending I/O's");
        if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp))
                panic("vnode_reclaim_internal: ubcinfo not cleaned");
        if (vp->v_parent)
@@ -3461,18 +4439,27 @@ vnode_reclaim_internal(struct vnode * vp, int locked, int reuse)
        if (vp->v_name)
                panic("vnode_reclaim_internal: vname not removed");
 
-       vp->v_socket = 0;
+       vp->v_socket = NULL;
 
        vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_TERMINATE;
-       vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_DRAIN;
-       vp->v_owner = 0;
+       vp->v_owner = NULL;
+
+       KNOTE(&vp->v_knotes, NOTE_REVOKE);
+
+       /* Make sure that when we reuse the vnode, no knotes left over */
+       klist_init(&vp->v_knotes);
 
        if (vp->v_lflag & VL_TERMWANT) {
                vp->v_lflag &= ~VL_TERMWANT;
                wakeup(&vp->v_lflag);
        }
-       if (!reuse && vp->v_usecount == 0)
+       if (!reuse) {
+               /*
+                * make sure we get on the
+                * dead list if appropriate
+                */
                vnode_list_add(vp);
+       }
        if (!locked)
                vnode_unlock(vp);
 }
@@ -3481,159 +4468,241 @@ vnode_reclaim_internal(struct vnode * vp, int locked, int reuse)
  * The following api creates a vnode and associates all the parameter specified in vnode_fsparam
  * structure and returns a vnode handle with a reference. device aliasing is handled here so checkalias
  * is obsoleted by this.
- *  vnode_create(int flavor, size_t size, void * param,  vnode_t  *vp)
  */
 int  
-vnode_create(int flavor, size_t size, void *data, vnode_t *vpp)
+vnode_create(uint32_t flavor, uint32_t size, void *data, vnode_t *vpp)
 {
        int error;
        int insert = 1;
        vnode_t vp;
        vnode_t nvp;
        vnode_t dvp;
+        struct  uthread *ut;
        struct componentname *cnp;
        struct vnode_fsparam *param = (struct vnode_fsparam *)data;
-       
-       if (flavor == VNCREATE_FLAVOR && (size == VCREATESIZE) && param) {
-               if ( (error = new_vnode(&vp)) ) {
-                       return(error);
-               } else {
-                       dvp = param->vnfs_dvp;
-                       cnp = param->vnfs_cnp;
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+       struct vnode_trigger_param *tinfo = NULL;
+#endif
+       if (param == NULL)
+               return (EINVAL);
 
-                       vp->v_op = param->vnfs_vops;
-                       vp->v_type = param->vnfs_vtype;
-                       vp->v_data = param->vnfs_fsnode;
-                       vp->v_iocount = 1;
+       /* Do quick sanity check on the parameters */
+       if (param->vnfs_vtype == VBAD) {
+               return (EINVAL);
+       }
 
-                       if (param->vnfs_markroot)
-                               vp->v_flag |= VROOT;
-                       if (param->vnfs_marksystem)
-                               vp->v_flag |= VSYSTEM;
-                       else if (vp->v_type == VREG) {
-                               /*
-                                * only non SYSTEM vp
-                                */
-                               error = ubc_info_init_withsize(vp, param->vnfs_filesize);
-                               if (error) {
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+       if ((flavor == VNCREATE_TRIGGER) && (size == VNCREATE_TRIGGER_SIZE)) {
+               tinfo = (struct vnode_trigger_param *)data;
+
+               /* Validate trigger vnode input */
+               if ((param->vnfs_vtype != VDIR) ||
+                   (tinfo->vnt_resolve_func == NULL) ||
+                   (tinfo->vnt_flags & ~VNT_VALID_MASK)) {
+                       return (EINVAL);
+               }
+               /* Fall through a normal create (params will be the same) */
+               flavor = VNCREATE_FLAVOR;
+               size = VCREATESIZE;
+       }
+#endif
+       if ((flavor != VNCREATE_FLAVOR) || (size != VCREATESIZE))
+               return (EINVAL);
+
+       if ( (error = new_vnode(&vp)) )
+               return(error);
+
+       dvp = param->vnfs_dvp;
+       cnp = param->vnfs_cnp;
+
+       vp->v_op = param->vnfs_vops;
+       vp->v_type = param->vnfs_vtype;
+       vp->v_data = param->vnfs_fsnode;
+
+       if (param->vnfs_markroot)
+               vp->v_flag |= VROOT;
+       if (param->vnfs_marksystem)
+               vp->v_flag |= VSYSTEM;
+       if (vp->v_type == VREG) {
+               error = ubc_info_init_withsize(vp, param->vnfs_filesize);
+               if (error) {
 #ifdef JOE_DEBUG
-                                       record_vp(vp, 1);
+                       record_vp(vp, 1);
 #endif
-                                       vp->v_mount = 0;
-                                       vp->v_op = dead_vnodeop_p;
-                                       vp->v_tag = VT_NON;
-                                       vp->v_data = NULL;
-                                       vp->v_type = VBAD;
-                                       vp->v_lflag |= VL_DEAD;
-
-                                       vnode_put(vp);
-                                       return(error);
-                               }
-                       }
+                       vp->v_mount = NULL;
+                       vp->v_op = dead_vnodeop_p;
+                       vp->v_tag = VT_NON;
+                       vp->v_data = NULL;
+                       vp->v_type = VBAD;
+                       vp->v_lflag |= VL_DEAD;
+
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+                       return(error);
+               }
+       }
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+       record_vp(vp, 1);
+#endif
+
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+       /*
+        * For trigger vnodes, attach trigger info to vnode
+        */
+       if ((vp->v_type == VDIR) && (tinfo != NULL)) {
+               /* 
+                * Note: has a side effect of incrementing trigger count on the
+                * mount if successful, which we would need to undo on a 
+                * subsequent failure.
+                */
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+               record_vp(vp, -1);
+#endif
+               error = vnode_resolver_create(param->vnfs_mp, vp, tinfo, FALSE);
+               if (error) {
+                       printf("vnode_create: vnode_resolver_create() err %d\n", error);
+                       vp->v_mount = NULL;
+                       vp->v_op = dead_vnodeop_p;
+                       vp->v_tag = VT_NON;
+                       vp->v_data = NULL;
+                       vp->v_type = VBAD;
+                       vp->v_lflag |= VL_DEAD;
 #ifdef JOE_DEBUG
                        record_vp(vp, 1);
 #endif
-                       if (vp->v_type == VCHR || vp->v_type == VBLK) {
-                
-                               if ( (nvp = checkalias(vp, param->vnfs_rdev)) ) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * if checkalias returns a vnode, it will be locked
-                                        *
-                                        * first get rid of the unneeded vnode we acquired
-                                        */
-                                       vp->v_data = NULL;
-                                       vp->v_op = spec_vnodeop_p;
-                                       vp->v_type = VBAD;
-                                       vp->v_lflag = VL_DEAD;
-                                       vp->v_data = NULL; 
-                                       vp->v_tag = VT_NON;
-                                       vnode_put(vp);
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+                       return (error);
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+       if (vp->v_type == VCHR || vp->v_type == VBLK) {
 
-                                       /*
-                                        * switch to aliased vnode and finish
-                                        * preparing it
-                                        */
-                                       vp = nvp;
-
-                                       vclean(vp, 0, current_proc());
-                                       vp->v_op = param->vnfs_vops;
-                                       vp->v_type = param->vnfs_vtype;
-                                       vp->v_data = param->vnfs_fsnode;
-                                       vp->v_lflag = 0;
-                                       vp->v_mount = NULL;
-                                       insmntque(vp, param->vnfs_mp);
-                                       insert = 0;
-                                       vnode_unlock(vp);
-                               }
-                       }
+               vp->v_tag = VT_DEVFS;           /* callers will reset if needed (bdevvp) */
 
-                       if (vp->v_type == VFIFO) {
-                               struct fifoinfo *fip;
+               if ( (nvp = checkalias(vp, param->vnfs_rdev)) ) {
+                       /*
+                        * if checkalias returns a vnode, it will be locked
+                        *
+                        * first get rid of the unneeded vnode we acquired
+                        */
+                       vp->v_data = NULL;
+                       vp->v_op = spec_vnodeop_p;
+                       vp->v_type = VBAD;
+                       vp->v_lflag = VL_DEAD;
+                       vp->v_data = NULL; 
+                       vp->v_tag = VT_NON;
+                       vnode_put(vp);
 
-                               MALLOC(fip, struct fifoinfo *,
-                                       sizeof(*fip), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
-                               bzero(fip, sizeof(struct fifoinfo ));
-                               vp->v_fifoinfo = fip;
-                       }
-                       /* The file systems usually pass the address of the location where
-                        * where there store  the vnode pointer. When we add the vnode in mount
-                        * point and name cache they are discoverable. So the file system node
-                        * will have the connection to vnode setup by then
+                       /*
+                        * switch to aliased vnode and finish
+                        * preparing it
                         */
-                       *vpp = vp;
-
-                       if (param->vnfs_mp) {
-                                       if (param->vnfs_mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_LOCK_LOCAL)
-                                               vp->v_flag |= VLOCKLOCAL;
-                               if (insert) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * enter in mount vnode list
-                                        */
-                                       insmntque(vp, param->vnfs_mp);
-                               }
-#ifdef INTERIM_FSNODE_LOCK     
-                               if (param->vnfs_mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_threadsafe == 0) {
-                                       MALLOC_ZONE(vp->v_unsafefs, struct unsafe_fsnode *,
-                                                   sizeof(struct unsafe_fsnode), M_UNSAFEFS, M_WAITOK);
-                                       vp->v_unsafefs->fsnode_count = 0;
-                                       vp->v_unsafefs->fsnodeowner  = (void *)NULL;
-                                       lck_mtx_init(&vp->v_unsafefs->fsnodelock, vnode_lck_grp, vnode_lck_attr);
-                               }
-#endif /* INTERIM_FSNODE_LOCK */
-                       }
-                       if (dvp && vnode_ref(dvp) == 0) {
-                               vp->v_parent = dvp;
-                       }
-                       if (cnp) {
-                               if (dvp && ((param->vnfs_flags & (VNFS_NOCACHE | VNFS_CANTCACHE)) == 0)) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * enter into name cache
-                                        * we've got the info to enter it into the name cache now
-                                        */
-                                       cache_enter(dvp, vp, cnp);
-                               }
-                               vp->v_name = vfs_addname(cnp->cn_nameptr, cnp->cn_namelen, cnp->cn_hash, 0);
-                       }
-                       if ((param->vnfs_flags & VNFS_CANTCACHE) == 0) {
-                               /*
-                                * this vnode is being created as cacheable in the name cache
-                                * this allows us to re-enter it in the cache
-                                */
-                               vp->v_flag |= VNCACHEABLE;
-                       }
-                       if ((vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM) && (vp->v_type != VREG))
-                               panic("incorrect vnode setup");
+                       vp = nvp;
 
-                       return(0);
+                       vclean(vp, 0);
+                       vp->v_op = param->vnfs_vops;
+                       vp->v_type = param->vnfs_vtype;
+                       vp->v_data = param->vnfs_fsnode;
+                       vp->v_lflag = 0;
+                       vp->v_mount = NULL;
+                       insmntque(vp, param->vnfs_mp);
+                       insert = 0;
+                       vnode_unlock(vp);
+               }
+
+               if (VCHR == vp->v_type) {
+                       u_int maj = major(vp->v_rdev);
+
+                       if (maj < (u_int)nchrdev &&
+                           (D_TYPEMASK & cdevsw[maj].d_type) == D_TTY)
+                               vp->v_flag |= VISTTY;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (vp->v_type == VFIFO) {
+               struct fifoinfo *fip;
+
+               MALLOC(fip, struct fifoinfo *,
+                       sizeof(*fip), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+               bzero(fip, sizeof(struct fifoinfo ));
+               vp->v_fifoinfo = fip;
+       }
+       /* The file systems must pass the address of the location where
+        * they store the vnode pointer. When we add the vnode into the mount
+        * list and name cache they become discoverable. So the file system node
+        * must have the connection to vnode setup by then
+        */
+       *vpp = vp;
+
+       /* Add fs named reference. */
+       if (param->vnfs_flags & VNFS_ADDFSREF) {
+               vp->v_lflag |= VNAMED_FSHASH;
+       }
+       if (param->vnfs_mp) {
+                       if (param->vnfs_mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_LOCK_LOCAL)
+                               vp->v_flag |= VLOCKLOCAL;
+               if (insert) {
+                       if ((vp->v_freelist.tqe_prev != (struct vnode **)0xdeadb))
+                               panic("insmntque: vp on the free list\n");
+
+                       /*
+                        * enter in mount vnode list
+                        */
+                       insmntque(vp, param->vnfs_mp);
                }
+#if CONFIG_VFS_FUNNEL
+               if ((param->vnfs_mp->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFSTHREADSAFE) == 0) {
+                       MALLOC_ZONE(vp->v_unsafefs, struct unsafe_fsnode *,
+                                   sizeof(struct unsafe_fsnode), M_UNSAFEFS, M_WAITOK);
+                       vp->v_unsafefs->fsnode_count = 0;
+                       vp->v_unsafefs->fsnodeowner  = (void *)NULL;
+                       lck_mtx_init(&vp->v_unsafefs->fsnodelock, vnode_lck_grp, vnode_lck_attr);
+               }
+#endif /* CONFIG_VFS_FUNNEL */
+       }
+       if (dvp && vnode_ref(dvp) == 0) {
+               vp->v_parent = dvp;
+       }
+       if (cnp) {
+               if (dvp && ((param->vnfs_flags & (VNFS_NOCACHE | VNFS_CANTCACHE)) == 0)) {
+                       /*
+                        * enter into name cache
+                        * we've got the info to enter it into the name cache now
+                        * cache_enter_create will pick up an extra reference on
+                        * the name entered into the string cache
+                        */
+                       vp->v_name = cache_enter_create(dvp, vp, cnp);
+               } else
+                       vp->v_name = vfs_addname(cnp->cn_nameptr, cnp->cn_namelen, cnp->cn_hash, 0);
+
+               if ((cnp->cn_flags & UNIONCREATED) == UNIONCREATED)
+                       vp->v_flag |= VISUNION;
+       }
+       if ((param->vnfs_flags & VNFS_CANTCACHE) == 0) {
+               /*
+                * this vnode is being created as cacheable in the name cache
+                * this allows us to re-enter it in the cache
+                */
+               vp->v_flag |= VNCACHEABLE;
+       }
+       ut = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+
+       if ((current_proc()->p_lflag & P_LRAGE_VNODES) ||
+           (ut->uu_flag & UT_RAGE_VNODES)) {
+               /*
+                * process has indicated that it wants any
+                * vnodes created on its behalf to be rapidly
+                * aged to reduce the impact on the cached set
+                * of vnodes
+                */
+               vp->v_flag |= VRAGE;
        }
-       return (EINVAL);
+       return (0);
 }
 
 int
 vnode_addfsref(vnode_t vp)
 {
-       vnode_lock(vp);
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        if (vp->v_lflag & VNAMED_FSHASH)
                panic("add_fsref: vp already has named reference");
        if ((vp->v_freelist.tqe_prev != (struct vnode **)0xdeadb))
@@ -3646,7 +4715,7 @@ vnode_addfsref(vnode_t vp)
 int
 vnode_removefsref(vnode_t vp)
 {
-       vnode_lock(vp);
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
        if ((vp->v_lflag & VNAMED_FSHASH) == 0)
                panic("remove_fsref: no named reference");
        vp->v_lflag &= ~VNAMED_FSHASH;
@@ -3657,13 +4726,14 @@ vnode_removefsref(vnode_t vp)
 
 
 int
-vfs_iterate(__unused int flags, int (*callout)(mount_t, void *), void *arg)
+vfs_iterate(int flags, int (*callout)(mount_t, void *), void *arg)
 {
        mount_t mp;
        int ret = 0;
        fsid_t * fsid_list;
        int count, actualcount,  i;
        void * allocmem;
+       int indx_start, indx_stop, indx_incr;
 
        count = mount_getvfscnt();
        count += 10;
@@ -3673,7 +4743,21 @@ vfs_iterate(__unused int flags, int (*callout)(mount_t, void *), void *arg)
 
        actualcount = mount_fillfsids(fsid_list, count);
 
-       for (i=0; i< actualcount; i++) {
+       /*
+        * Establish the iteration direction
+        * VFS_ITERATE_TAIL_FIRST overrides default head first order (oldest first)
+        */
+       if (flags & VFS_ITERATE_TAIL_FIRST) {
+               indx_start = actualcount - 1;
+               indx_stop = -1;
+               indx_incr = -1;
+       } else /* Head first by default */ {
+               indx_start = 0;
+               indx_stop = actualcount;
+               indx_incr = 1;
+       }
+
+       for (i=indx_start; i != indx_stop; i += indx_incr) {
 
                /* obtain the mount point with iteration reference */
                mp = mount_list_lookupby_fsid(&fsid_list[i], 0, 1);
@@ -3720,9 +4804,12 @@ out:
 
 /*
  * Update the vfsstatfs structure in the mountpoint.
+ * MAC: Parameter eventtype added, indicating whether the event that
+ * triggered this update came from user space, via a system call
+ * (VFS_USER_EVENT) or an internal kernel call (VFS_KERNEL_EVENT).
  */
 int
-vfs_update_vfsstat(mount_t mp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+vfs_update_vfsstat(mount_t mp, vfs_context_t ctx, __unused int eventtype)
 {
        struct vfs_attr va;
        int             error;
@@ -3741,6 +4828,14 @@ vfs_update_vfsstat(mount_t mp, vfs_context_t ctx)
        VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_ffree);
        VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_bsize);
        VFSATTR_WANTED(&va, f_fssubtype);
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       if (eventtype == VFS_USER_EVENT) {
+               error = mac_mount_check_getattr(ctx, mp, &va);
+               if (error != 0)
+                       return (error);
+       }
+#endif
+
        if ((error = vfs_getattr(mp, &va, ctx)) != 0) {
                KAUTH_DEBUG("STAT - filesystem returned error %d", error);
                return(error);
@@ -3765,7 +4860,8 @@ vfs_update_vfsstat(mount_t mp, vfs_context_t ctx)
         *
         */
        if (VFSATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, f_bsize)) {
-               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_bsize = va.f_bsize;
+               /* 4822056 - protect against malformed server mount */
+               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_bsize = (va.f_bsize > 0 ? va.f_bsize : 512);
        } else {
                mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_bsize = mp->mnt_devblocksize; /* default from the device block size */
        }
@@ -3794,13 +4890,22 @@ vfs_update_vfsstat(mount_t mp, vfs_context_t ctx)
        return(0);
 }
 
-void 
+int
 mount_list_add(mount_t mp)
 {
+       int res;
+
        mount_list_lock();
-       TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mountlist, mp, mnt_list);    
-       nummounts++;
+       if (system_inshutdown != 0) {
+               res = -1;
+       } else {
+               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mountlist, mp, mnt_list);    
+               nummounts++;
+               res = 0;
+       }
        mount_list_unlock();
+
+       return res;
 }
 
 void
@@ -3809,8 +4914,8 @@ mount_list_remove(mount_t mp)
        mount_list_lock();
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&mountlist, mp, mnt_list);
        nummounts--;
-       mp->mnt_list.tqe_next = 0;
-       mp->mnt_list.tqe_prev = 0;
+       mp->mnt_list.tqe_next = NULL;
+       mp->mnt_list.tqe_prev = NULL;
        mount_list_unlock();
 }
 
@@ -3818,12 +4923,14 @@ mount_t
 mount_lookupby_volfsid(int volfs_id, int withref)
 {
        mount_t cur_mount = (mount_t)0;
-       mount_t mp ;
+       mount_t mp;
 
        mount_list_lock();
-       TAILQ_FOREACH(mp, &mountlist, mnt_list) { 
-               if (validfsnode(mp) && mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fsid.val[0] == volfs_id) {
-            cur_mount = mp;
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(mp, &mountlist, mnt_list) {
+               if (!(mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_UNMOUNT) &&
+                   (mp->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_PATH_FROM_ID) &&
+                   (mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_fsid.val[0] == volfs_id)) {
+                       cur_mount = mp;
                        if (withref) {
                                if (mount_iterref(cur_mount, 1))  {
                                        cur_mount = (mount_t)0;
@@ -3831,27 +4938,23 @@ mount_lookupby_volfsid(int volfs_id, int withref)
                                        goto out;
                                }
                        }
-            break;
-          }
+                       break;
+               }
        }
        mount_list_unlock();
        if (withref && (cur_mount != (mount_t)0)) {
                mp = cur_mount;
                if (vfs_busy(mp, LK_NOWAIT) != 0) {
                        cur_mount = (mount_t)0;
-        } 
+               }
                mount_iterdrop(mp);
        }
 out:
        return(cur_mount);
 }
 
-
 mount_t 
-mount_list_lookupby_fsid(fsid, locked, withref)
-       fsid_t *fsid;
-       int locked;
-       int withref;
+mount_list_lookupby_fsid(fsid_t *fsid, int locked, int withref)
 {
        mount_t retmp = (mount_t)0;
        mount_t mp;
@@ -3875,18 +4978,14 @@ out:
 }
 
 errno_t
-vnode_lookup(const char *path, int flags, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_context_t context)
+vnode_lookup(const char *path, int flags, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
        struct nameidata nd;
        int error;
-       struct vfs_context context2;
-       vfs_context_t ctx = context;
-       u_long ndflags = 0;
+       u_int32_t ndflags = 0;
 
-       if (context == NULL) {          /* XXX technically an error */
-               context2.vc_proc = current_proc();
-               context2.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_get();
-               ctx = &context2;
+       if (ctx == NULL) {              /* XXX technically an error */
+               ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }
 
        if (flags & VNODE_LOOKUP_NOFOLLOW)
@@ -3900,7 +4999,8 @@ vnode_lookup(const char *path, int flags, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_context_t context)
                ndflags |= DOWHITEOUT;
 
        /* XXX AUDITVNPATH1 needed ? */
-       NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, ndflags, UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(path), ctx);
+       NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, OP_LOOKUP, ndflags, UIO_SYSSPACE,
+              CAST_USER_ADDR_T(path), ctx);
 
        if ((error = namei(&nd)))
                return (error);
@@ -3911,19 +5011,15 @@ vnode_lookup(const char *path, int flags, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_context_t context)
 }
 
 errno_t
-vnode_open(const char *path, int fmode, int cmode, int flags, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_context_t context)
+vnode_open(const char *path, int fmode, int cmode, int flags, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
        struct nameidata nd;
        int error;
-       struct vfs_context context2;
-       vfs_context_t ctx = context;
-       u_long ndflags = 0;
+       u_int32_t ndflags = 0;
        int lflags = flags;
 
-       if (context == NULL) {          /* XXX technically an error */
-               context2.vc_proc = current_proc();
-               context2.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_get();
-               ctx = &context2;
+       if (ctx == NULL) {              /* XXX technically an error */
+               ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }
 
        if (fmode & O_NOFOLLOW)
@@ -3940,7 +5036,8 @@ vnode_open(const char *path, int fmode, int cmode, int flags, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_
                ndflags |= DOWHITEOUT;
        
        /* XXX AUDITVNPATH1 needed ? */
-       NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, ndflags, UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(path), ctx);
+       NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, OP_OPEN, ndflags, UIO_SYSSPACE,
+              CAST_USER_ADDR_T(path), ctx);
 
        if ((error = vn_open(&nd, fmode, cmode)))
                *vpp = NULL;
@@ -3951,25 +5048,23 @@ vnode_open(const char *path, int fmode, int cmode, int flags, vnode_t *vpp, vfs_
 }
 
 errno_t
-vnode_close(vnode_t vp, int flags, vfs_context_t context)
+vnode_close(vnode_t vp, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
-       kauth_cred_t cred;
-       struct proc *p;
        int error;
 
-       if (context) {
-               p = context->vc_proc;
-               cred = context->vc_ucred;
-       } else {
-               p = current_proc();
-               cred = kauth_cred_get();
+       if (ctx == NULL) {
+               ctx = vfs_context_current();
        }
        
-       error = vn_close(vp, flags, cred, p);
+       error = vn_close(vp, flags, ctx);
        vnode_put(vp);
        return (error);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns:    0                       Success
+ *     vnode_getattr:???
+ */
 errno_t
 vnode_size(vnode_t vp, off_t *sizep, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
@@ -3995,71 +5090,102 @@ vnode_setsize(vnode_t vp, off_t size, int ioflag, vfs_context_t ctx)
        return(vnode_setattr(vp, &va, ctx));
 }
 
+static int
+vn_create_reg(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct nameidata *ndp, struct vnode_attr *vap, uint32_t flags, int fmode, uint32_t *statusp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       /* Only use compound VNOP for compound operation */
+       if (vnode_compound_open_available(dvp) && ((flags & VN_CREATE_DOOPEN) != 0)) {
+               *vpp = NULLVP;
+               return VNOP_COMPOUND_OPEN(dvp, vpp, ndp, VNOP_COMPOUND_OPEN_DO_CREATE, fmode, statusp, vap, ctx);
+       } else {
+               return VNOP_CREATE(dvp, vpp, &ndp->ni_cnd, vap, ctx);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a filesystem object of arbitrary type with arbitrary attributes in
+ * the spevied directory with the specified name.
+ *
+ * Parameters: dvp                     Pointer to the vnode of the directory
+ *                                     in which to create the object.
+ *             vpp                     Pointer to the area into which to
+ *                                     return the vnode of the created object.
+ *             cnp                     Component name pointer from the namei
+ *                                     data structure, containing the name to
+ *                                     use for the create object.
+ *             vap                     Pointer to the vnode_attr structure
+ *                                     describing the object to be created,
+ *                                     including the type of object.
+ *             flags                   VN_* flags controlling ACL inheritance
+ *                                     and whether or not authorization is to
+ *                                     be required for the operation.
+ *             
+ * Returns:    0                       Success
+ *             !0                      errno value
+ *
+ * Implicit:   *vpp                    Contains the vnode of the object that
+ *                                     was created, if successful.
+ *             *cnp                    May be modified by the underlying VFS.
+ *             *vap                    May be modified by the underlying VFS.
+ *                                     modified by either ACL inheritance or
+ *             
+ *             
+ *                                     be modified, even if the operation is
+ *                                     
+ *
+ * Notes:      The kauth_filesec_t in 'vap', if any, is in host byte order.
+ *
+ *             Modification of '*cnp' and '*vap' by the underlying VFS is
+ *             strongly discouraged.
+ *
+ * XXX:                This function is a 'vn_*' function; it belongs in vfs_vnops.c
+ *
+ * XXX:                We should enummerate the possible errno values here, and where
+ *             in the code they originated.
+ */
 errno_t
-vn_create(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct componentname *cnp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
+vn_create(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct nameidata *ndp, struct vnode_attr *vap, uint32_t flags, int fmode, uint32_t *statusp, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
-       kauth_acl_t oacl, nacl;
-       int initial_acl;
-       errno_t error;
+       errno_t error, old_error;
        vnode_t vp = (vnode_t)0;
+       boolean_t batched;
+       struct componentname *cnp;
+       uint32_t defaulted;
 
+       cnp = &ndp->ni_cnd;
        error = 0;
-       oacl = nacl = NULL;
-       initial_acl = 0;
+       batched = namei_compound_available(dvp, ndp) ? TRUE : FALSE;
 
        KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    CREATE - '%s'", dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr);
 
+       if (flags & VN_CREATE_NOINHERIT) 
+               vap->va_vaflags |= VA_NOINHERIT;
+       if (flags & VN_CREATE_NOAUTH) 
+               vap->va_vaflags |= VA_NOAUTH;
        /*
-        * Handle ACL inheritance.
+        * Handle ACL inheritance, initialize vap.
         */
-       if (!(flags & VN_CREATE_NOINHERIT) && vfs_extendedsecurity(dvp->v_mount)) {
-               /* save the original filesec */
-               if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl)) {
-                       initial_acl = 1;
-                       oacl = vap->va_acl;
-               }
-
-               vap->va_acl = NULL;
-               if ((error = kauth_acl_inherit(dvp,
-                        oacl,
-                        &nacl,
-                        vap->va_type == VDIR,
-                        ctx)) != 0) {
-                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    CREATE - error %d processing inheritance", dvp, error);
-                       return(error);
-               }
+       error = vn_attribute_prepare(dvp, vap, &defaulted, ctx);
+       if (error) {
+               return error;
+       }
 
-               /*
-                * If the generated ACL is NULL, then we can save ourselves some effort
-                * by clearing the active bit.
-                */
-               if (nacl == NULL) {
-                       VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl);
-               } else {
-                       VATTR_SET(vap, va_acl, nacl);
-               }
+       if (vap->va_type != VREG && (fmode != 0 || (flags & VN_CREATE_DOOPEN) || statusp)) {
+               panic("Open parameters, but not a regular file.");
        }
-       
-       /*
-        * Check and default new attributes.
-        * This will set va_uid, va_gid, va_mode and va_create_time at least, if the caller
-        * hasn't supplied them.
-        */
-       if ((error = vnode_authattr_new(dvp, vap, flags & VN_CREATE_NOAUTH, ctx)) != 0) {
-               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    CREATE - error %d handing/defaulting attributes", dvp, error);
-               goto out;
+       if ((fmode != 0) && ((flags & VN_CREATE_DOOPEN) == 0)) {
+               panic("Mode for open, but not trying to open...");
        }
 
-               
        /*
         * Create the requested node.
         */
        switch(vap->va_type) {
        case VREG:
-               error = VNOP_CREATE(dvp, vpp, cnp, vap, ctx);
+               error = vn_create_reg(dvp, vpp, ndp, vap, flags, fmode, statusp, ctx);
                break;
        case VDIR:
-               error = VNOP_MKDIR(dvp, vpp, cnp, vap, ctx);
+               error = vn_mkdir(dvp, vpp, ndp, vap, ctx);
                break;
        case VSOCK:
        case VFIFO:
@@ -4076,6 +5202,16 @@ vn_create(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct componentname *cnp, struct vnode_att
        }
 
        vp = *vpp;
+       old_error = error;
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       if (!(flags & VN_CREATE_NOLABEL)) {
+               error = vnode_label(vnode_mount(vp), dvp, vp, cnp, VNODE_LABEL_CREATE, ctx);
+               if (error)
+                       goto error;
+       }
+#endif
+
        /*
         * If some of the requested attributes weren't handled by the VNOP,
         * use our fallback code.
@@ -4084,30 +5220,33 @@ vn_create(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t *vpp, struct componentname *cnp, struct vnode_att
                KAUTH_DEBUG("     CREATE - doing fallback with ACL %p", vap->va_acl);
                error = vnode_setattr_fallback(*vpp, vap, ctx);
        }
-       if ((error != 0 ) && (vp != (vnode_t)0)) {
-               *vpp = (vnode_t) 0;
-               vnode_put(vp);
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+error:
+#endif
+       if ((error != 0) && (vp != (vnode_t)0)) {
+
+               /* If we've done a compound open, close */
+               if (batched && (old_error == 0) && (vap->va_type == VREG)) {
+                       VNOP_CLOSE(vp, fmode, ctx);
+               }
+
+               /* Need to provide notifications if a create succeeded */
+               if (!batched) {
+                       *vpp = (vnode_t) 0;
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+               }
        }
 
 out:
-       /*
-        * If the caller supplied a filesec in vap, it has been replaced
-        * now by the post-inheritance copy.  We need to put the original back
-        * and free the inherited product.
-        */
-       if (initial_acl) {
-               VATTR_SET(vap, va_acl, oacl);
-       } else {
-               VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl);
-       }
-       if (nacl != NULL)
-               kauth_acl_free(nacl);
+       vn_attribute_cleanup(vap, defaulted);
 
        return(error);
 }
 
 static kauth_scope_t   vnode_scope;
-static int     vnode_authorize_callback(kauth_cred_t credential, __unused void *idata, kauth_action_t action,
+static int     vnode_authorize_callback(kauth_cred_t credential, void *idata, kauth_action_t action,
+    uintptr_t arg0, uintptr_t arg1, uintptr_t arg2, uintptr_t arg3);
+static int     vnode_authorize_callback_int(__unused kauth_cred_t credential, __unused void *idata, kauth_action_t action,
     uintptr_t arg0, uintptr_t arg1, uintptr_t arg2, uintptr_t arg3);
 
 typedef struct _vnode_authorize_context {
@@ -4130,35 +5269,475 @@ vnode_authorize_init(void)
        vnode_scope = kauth_register_scope(KAUTH_SCOPE_VNODE, vnode_authorize_callback, NULL);
 }
 
-/*
- * Authorize an operation on a vnode.
- *
- * This is KPI, but here because it needs vnode_scope.
- */
+#define VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_UID            0x1
+#define VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_GID            0x2
+#define VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_MODE           0x4
+
 int
-vnode_authorize(vnode_t vp, vnode_t dvp, kauth_action_t action, vfs_context_t context)
+vn_attribute_prepare(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, uint32_t *defaulted_fieldsp, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
-       int     error, result;
+       kauth_acl_t nacl = NULL, oacl = NULL;
+       int error;
 
        /*
-        * We can't authorize against a dead vnode; allow all operations through so that
-        * the correct error can be returned.
+        * Handle ACL inheritance.
         */
-       if (vp->v_type == VBAD)
-               return(0);
-       
-       error = 0;
-       result = kauth_authorize_action(vnode_scope, vfs_context_ucred(context), action,
-                  (uintptr_t)context, (uintptr_t)vp, (uintptr_t)dvp, (uintptr_t)&error);
-       if (result == EPERM)            /* traditional behaviour */
-               result = EACCES;
-       /* did the lower layers give a better error return? */
-       if ((result != 0) && (error != 0))
-               return(error);
-       return(result);
-}
+       if (!(vap->va_vaflags & VA_NOINHERIT) && vfs_extendedsecurity(dvp->v_mount)) {
+               /* save the original filesec */
+               if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl)) {
+                       oacl = vap->va_acl;
+               }
 
-/*
+               vap->va_acl = NULL;
+               if ((error = kauth_acl_inherit(dvp,
+                        oacl,
+                        &nacl,
+                        vap->va_type == VDIR,
+                        ctx)) != 0) {
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    CREATE - error %d processing inheritance", dvp, error);
+                       return(error);
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * If the generated ACL is NULL, then we can save ourselves some effort
+                * by clearing the active bit.
+                */
+               if (nacl == NULL) {
+                       VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl);
+               } else {
+                       vap->va_base_acl = oacl;
+                       VATTR_SET(vap, va_acl, nacl);
+               }
+       }
+       
+       error = vnode_authattr_new_internal(dvp, vap, (vap->va_vaflags & VA_NOAUTH), defaulted_fieldsp, ctx);
+       if (error) {
+               vn_attribute_cleanup(vap, *defaulted_fieldsp);
+       } 
+
+       return error;
+}
+
+void
+vn_attribute_cleanup(struct vnode_attr *vap, uint32_t defaulted_fields)
+{
+       /*
+        * If the caller supplied a filesec in vap, it has been replaced
+        * now by the post-inheritance copy.  We need to put the original back
+        * and free the inherited product.
+        */
+       kauth_acl_t nacl, oacl;
+
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl)) {
+               nacl = vap->va_acl;
+               oacl = vap->va_base_acl;
+
+               if (oacl)  {
+                       VATTR_SET(vap, va_acl, oacl);
+                       vap->va_base_acl = NULL;
+               } else {
+                       VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl);
+               }
+
+               if (nacl != NULL) {
+                       kauth_acl_free(nacl);
+               }
+       }
+
+       if ((defaulted_fields & VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_MODE) != 0) {
+               VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_mode);
+       }
+       if ((defaulted_fields & VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_GID) != 0) {
+               VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid);
+       }
+       if ((defaulted_fields & VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_UID) != 0) {
+               VATTR_CLEAR_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid);
+       }
+
+       return;
+}
+
+int
+vn_authorize_unlink(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t vp, struct componentname *cnp, vfs_context_t ctx, __unused void *reserved)
+{
+       int error = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * Normally, unlinking of directories is not supported. 
+        * However, some file systems may have limited support.
+        */
+       if ((vp->v_type == VDIR) &&
+                       !(vp->v_mount->mnt_vtable->vfc_vfsflags & VFC_VFSDIRLINKS)) {
+               return (EPERM); /* POSIX */
+       }
+
+       /* authorize the delete operation */
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       if (!error)
+               error = mac_vnode_check_unlink(ctx, dvp, vp, cnp);
+#endif /* MAC */
+       if (!error)
+               error = vnode_authorize(vp, dvp, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE, ctx);
+
+       return error;
+}
+
+int
+vn_authorize_open_existing(vnode_t vp, struct componentname *cnp, int fmode, vfs_context_t ctx, void *reserved)
+{
+       /* Open of existing case */
+       kauth_action_t action;
+       int error = 0;
+
+       if (cnp->cn_ndp == NULL) {
+               panic("NULL ndp");
+       }
+       if (reserved != NULL) {
+               panic("reserved not NULL.");
+       }
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       /* XXX may do duplicate work here, but ignore that for now (idempotent) */
+       if (vfs_flags(vnode_mount(vp)) & MNT_MULTILABEL) {
+               error = vnode_label(vnode_mount(vp), NULL, vp, NULL, 0, ctx);
+               if (error)
+                       return (error);
+       }
+#endif
+
+       if ( (fmode & O_DIRECTORY) && vp->v_type != VDIR ) {
+               return (ENOTDIR);
+       }
+
+       if (vp->v_type == VSOCK && vp->v_tag != VT_FDESC) {
+               return (EOPNOTSUPP);    /* Operation not supported on socket */
+       }
+
+       if (vp->v_type == VLNK && (fmode & O_NOFOLLOW) != 0) {
+               return (ELOOP);         /* O_NOFOLLOW was specified and the target is a symbolic link */
+       }
+
+       /* disallow write operations on directories */
+       if (vnode_isdir(vp) && (fmode & (FWRITE | O_TRUNC))) {
+               return (EISDIR);
+       }
+
+       if ((cnp->cn_ndp->ni_flag & NAMEI_TRAILINGSLASH)) {
+               if (vp->v_type != VDIR) {
+                       return (ENOTDIR);
+               }
+       }
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       /* If a file being opened is a shadow file containing 
+        * namedstream data, ignore the macf checks because it 
+        * is a kernel internal file and access should always 
+        * be allowed.
+        */
+       if (!(vnode_isshadow(vp) && vnode_isnamedstream(vp))) {
+               error = mac_vnode_check_open(ctx, vp, fmode);
+               if (error) {
+                       return (error);
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+
+       /* compute action to be authorized */
+       action = 0;
+       if (fmode & FREAD) {
+               action |= KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA;
+       }
+       if (fmode & (FWRITE | O_TRUNC)) {
+               /*
+                * If we are writing, appending, and not truncating,
+                * indicate that we are appending so that if the
+                * UF_APPEND or SF_APPEND bits are set, we do not deny
+                * the open.
+                */
+               if ((fmode & O_APPEND) && !(fmode & O_TRUNC)) {
+                       action |= KAUTH_VNODE_APPEND_DATA;
+               } else {
+                       action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA;
+               }
+       }
+       return (vnode_authorize(vp, NULL, action, ctx));
+}
+
+int
+vn_authorize_create(vnode_t dvp, struct componentname *cnp, struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx, void *reserved)
+{
+       /* Creation case */
+       int error;
+
+       if (cnp->cn_ndp == NULL) {
+               panic("NULL cn_ndp");
+       }
+       if (reserved != NULL) {
+               panic("reserved not NULL.");
+       }
+
+       /* Only validate path for creation if we didn't do a complete lookup */
+       if (cnp->cn_ndp->ni_flag & NAMEI_UNFINISHED) {
+               error = lookup_validate_creation_path(cnp->cn_ndp);
+               if (error)
+                       return (error);
+       }
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       error = mac_vnode_check_create(ctx, dvp, cnp, vap);
+       if (error)
+               return (error);
+#endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
+
+       return (vnode_authorize(dvp, NULL, KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_FILE, ctx));
+}
+
+int 
+vn_authorize_rename(struct vnode *fdvp,  struct vnode *fvp,  struct componentname *fcnp,
+             struct vnode *tdvp,  struct vnode *tvp,  struct componentname *tcnp,
+             vfs_context_t ctx, void *reserved)
+{
+       int error = 0;
+       int moving = 0;
+
+       if (reserved != NULL) {
+               panic("Passed something other than NULL as reserved field!");
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Avoid renaming "." and "..".
+        *
+        * XXX No need to check for this in the FS.  We should always have the leaves
+        * in VFS in this case.
+        */
+       if (fvp->v_type == VDIR &&
+           ((fdvp == fvp) ||
+            (fcnp->cn_namelen == 1 && fcnp->cn_nameptr[0] == '.') ||
+            ((fcnp->cn_flags | tcnp->cn_flags) & ISDOTDOT)) ) {
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       if (tvp == NULLVP && vnode_compound_rename_available(tdvp)) {
+               error = lookup_validate_creation_path(tcnp->cn_ndp);
+               if (error) 
+                       goto out;
+       }
+
+       /***** <MACF> *****/
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       error = mac_vnode_check_rename_from(ctx, fdvp, fvp, fcnp);
+       if (error)
+               goto out;
+#endif
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       error = mac_vnode_check_rename_to(ctx,
+                       tdvp, tvp, fdvp == tdvp, tcnp);
+       if (error)
+               goto out;
+#endif
+       /***** </MACF> *****/
+
+       /***** <MiscChecks> *****/
+       if (tvp != NULL) {
+               if (fvp->v_type == VDIR && tvp->v_type != VDIR) {
+                       error = ENOTDIR;
+                       goto out;
+               } else if (fvp->v_type != VDIR && tvp->v_type == VDIR) {
+                       error = EISDIR;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (fvp == tdvp) {
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * The following edge case is caught here:
+        * (to cannot be a descendent of from)
+        *
+        *       o fdvp
+        *      /
+        *     /
+        *    o fvp
+        *     \
+        *      \
+        *       o tdvp
+        *      /
+        *     /
+        *    o tvp
+        */
+       if (tdvp->v_parent == fvp) {
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       /***** </MiscChecks> *****/
+
+       /***** <Kauth> *****/
+
+       error = 0;
+       if ((tvp != NULL) && vnode_isdir(tvp)) {
+               if (tvp != fdvp)
+                       moving = 1;
+       } else if (tdvp != fdvp) {
+               moving = 1;
+       }
+
+
+       /*
+        * must have delete rights to remove the old name even in
+        * the simple case of fdvp == tdvp.
+        *
+        * If fvp is a directory, and we are changing it's parent,
+        * then we also need rights to rewrite its ".." entry as well.
+        */
+       if (vnode_isdir(fvp)) {
+               if ((error = vnode_authorize(fvp, fdvp, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE | KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY, ctx)) != 0)
+                       goto out;
+       } else {
+               if ((error = vnode_authorize(fvp, fdvp, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE, ctx)) != 0)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+       if (moving) {
+               /* moving into tdvp or tvp, must have rights to add */
+               if ((error = vnode_authorize(((tvp != NULL) && vnode_isdir(tvp)) ? tvp : tdvp,
+                                               NULL, 
+                                               vnode_isdir(fvp) ? KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY : KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_FILE,
+                                               ctx)) != 0) {
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       } else {
+               /* node staying in same directory, must be allowed to add new name */
+               if ((error = vnode_authorize(fdvp, NULL,
+                                               vnode_isdir(fvp) ? KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY : KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_FILE, ctx)) != 0)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+       /* overwriting tvp */
+       if ((tvp != NULL) && !vnode_isdir(tvp) &&
+                       ((error = vnode_authorize(tvp, tdvp, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE, ctx)) != 0)) {
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /***** </Kauth> *****/
+
+       /* XXX more checks? */
+out:
+       return error;
+}
+
+int
+vn_authorize_mkdir(vnode_t dvp, struct componentname *cnp, struct vnode_attr *vap, vfs_context_t ctx, void *reserved)
+{
+       int error;
+
+       if (reserved != NULL) {
+               panic("reserved not NULL in vn_authorize_mkdir()");     
+       }
+
+       /* XXX A hack for now, to make shadow files work */
+       if (cnp->cn_ndp == NULL) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       if (vnode_compound_mkdir_available(dvp)) {
+               error = lookup_validate_creation_path(cnp->cn_ndp);
+               if (error)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       error = mac_vnode_check_create(ctx,
+           dvp, cnp, vap);
+       if (error)
+               goto out;
+#endif
+
+       /* authorize addition of a directory to the parent */
+       if ((error = vnode_authorize(dvp, NULL, KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY, ctx)) != 0)
+               goto out;
+       
+out:
+       return error;
+}
+
+int
+vn_authorize_rmdir(vnode_t dvp, vnode_t vp, struct componentname *cnp, vfs_context_t ctx, void *reserved)
+{
+       int error;
+
+       if (reserved != NULL) {
+               panic("Non-NULL reserved argument to vn_authorize_rmdir()");
+       }
+
+       if (vp->v_type != VDIR) {
+               /*
+                * rmdir only deals with directories
+                */
+               return ENOTDIR;
+       } 
+       
+       if (dvp == vp) {
+               /*
+                * No rmdir "." please.
+                */
+               return EINVAL;
+       } 
+       
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       error = mac_vnode_check_unlink(ctx, dvp,
+                       vp, cnp);
+       if (error)
+               return error;
+#endif
+
+       return vnode_authorize(vp, dvp, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE, ctx);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Authorize an operation on a vnode.
+ *
+ * This is KPI, but here because it needs vnode_scope.
+ *
+ * Returns:    0                       Success
+ *     kauth_authorize_action:EPERM    ...
+ *     xlate => EACCES                 Permission denied
+ *     kauth_authorize_action:0        Success
+ *     kauth_authorize_action:         Depends on callback return; this is
+ *                                     usually only vnode_authorize_callback(),
+ *                                     but may include other listerners, if any
+ *                                     exist.
+ *             EROFS
+ *             EACCES
+ *             EPERM
+ *             ???
+ */
+int
+vnode_authorize(vnode_t vp, vnode_t dvp, kauth_action_t action, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       int     error, result;
+
+       /*
+        * We can't authorize against a dead vnode; allow all operations through so that
+        * the correct error can be returned.
+        */
+       if (vp->v_type == VBAD)
+               return(0);
+       
+       error = 0;
+       result = kauth_authorize_action(vnode_scope, vfs_context_ucred(ctx), action,
+                  (uintptr_t)ctx, (uintptr_t)vp, (uintptr_t)dvp, (uintptr_t)&error);
+       if (result == EPERM)            /* traditional behaviour */
+               result = EACCES;
+       /* did the lower layers give a better error return? */
+       if ((result != 0) && (error != 0))
+               return(error);
+       return(result);
+}
+
+/*
  * Test for vnode immutability.
  *
  * The 'append' flag is set when the authorization request is constrained
@@ -4215,8 +5794,24 @@ vauth_node_owner(struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_cred_t cred)
        return(result);
 }
 
+/*
+ * vauth_node_group
+ *
+ * Description:        Ask if a cred is a member of the group owning the vnode object
+ *
+ * Parameters:         vap             vnode attribute
+ *                             vap->va_gid     group owner of vnode object
+ *                     cred            credential to check
+ *                     ismember        pointer to where to put the answer
+ *                     idontknow       Return this if we can't get an answer
+ *
+ * Returns:            0               Success
+ *                     idontknow       Can't get information
+ *     kauth_cred_ismember_gid:?       Error from kauth subsystem
+ *     kauth_cred_ismember_gid:?       Error from kauth subsystem
+ */
 static int
-vauth_node_group(struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_cred_t cred, int *ismember)
+vauth_node_group(struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_cred_t cred, int *ismember, int idontknow)
 {
        int     error;
        int     result;
@@ -4224,11 +5819,43 @@ vauth_node_group(struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_cred_t cred, int *ismember)
        error = 0;
        result = 0;
 
-       /* the caller is expected to have asked the filesystem for a group at some point */
+       /*
+        * The caller is expected to have asked the filesystem for a group
+        * at some point prior to calling this function.  The answer may
+        * have been that there is no group ownership supported for the
+        * vnode object, in which case we return
+        */
        if (vap && VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(vap, va_gid)) {
                error = kauth_cred_ismember_gid(cred, vap->va_gid, &result);
+               /*
+                * Credentials which are opted into external group membership
+                * resolution which are not known to the external resolver
+                * will result in an ENOENT error.  We translate this into
+                * the appropriate 'idontknow' response for our caller.
+                *
+                * XXX We do not make a distinction here between an ENOENT
+                * XXX arising from a response from the external resolver,
+                * XXX and an ENOENT which is internally generated.  This is
+                * XXX a deficiency of the published kauth_cred_ismember_gid()
+                * XXX KPI which can not be overcome without new KPI.  For
+                * XXX all currently known cases, however, this wil result
+                * XXX in correct behaviour.
+                */
+               if (error == ENOENT)
+                       error = idontknow;
        }
-       /* we could test the group UUID here if we had a policy for it */
+       /*
+        * XXX We could test the group UUID here if we had a policy for it,
+        * XXX but this is problematic from the perspective of synchronizing
+        * XXX group UUID and POSIX GID ownership of a file and keeping the
+        * XXX values coherent over time.  The problem is that the local
+        * XXX system will vend transient group UUIDs for unknown POSIX GID
+        * XXX values, and these are not persistent, whereas storage of values
+        * XXX is persistent.  One potential solution to this is a local
+        * XXX (persistent) replica of remote directory entries and vended
+        * XXX local ids in a local directory server (think in terms of a
+        * XXX caching DNS server).
+        */
 
        if (!error)
                *ismember = result;
@@ -4256,16 +5883,39 @@ vauth_file_owner(vauth_ctx vcp)
        return(result);
 }
 
+
+/*
+ * vauth_file_ingroup
+ *
+ * Description:        Ask if a user is a member of the group owning the directory
+ *
+ * Parameters:         vcp             The vnode authorization context that
+ *                                     contains the user and directory info
+ *                             vcp->flags_valid        Valid flags
+ *                             vcp->flags              Flags values
+ *                             vcp->vap                File vnode attributes
+ *                             vcp->ctx                VFS Context (for user)
+ *                     ismember        pointer to where to put the answer
+ *                     idontknow       Return this if we can't get an answer
+ *
+ * Returns:            0               Success
+ *             vauth_node_group:?      Error from vauth_node_group()
+ *
+ * Implicit returns:   *ismember       0       The user is not a group member
+ *                                     1       The user is a group member
+ */
 static int
-vauth_file_ingroup(vauth_ctx vcp, int *ismember)
+vauth_file_ingroup(vauth_ctx vcp, int *ismember, int idontknow)
 {
        int     error;
 
+       /* Check for a cached answer first, to avoid the check if possible */
        if (vcp->flags_valid & _VAC_IN_GROUP) {
                *ismember = (vcp->flags & _VAC_IN_GROUP) ? 1 : 0;
                error = 0;
        } else {
-               error = vauth_node_group(vcp->vap, vcp->ctx->vc_ucred, ismember);
+               /* Otherwise, go look for it */
+               error = vauth_node_group(vcp->vap, vcp->ctx->vc_ucred, ismember, idontknow);
 
                if (!error) {
                        /* cache our result */
@@ -4302,16 +5952,38 @@ vauth_dir_owner(vauth_ctx vcp)
        return(result);
 }
 
+/*
+ * vauth_dir_ingroup
+ *
+ * Description:        Ask if a user is a member of the group owning the directory
+ *
+ * Parameters:         vcp             The vnode authorization context that
+ *                                     contains the user and directory info
+ *                             vcp->flags_valid        Valid flags
+ *                             vcp->flags              Flags values
+ *                             vcp->dvap               Dir vnode attributes
+ *                             vcp->ctx                VFS Context (for user)
+ *                     ismember        pointer to where to put the answer
+ *                     idontknow       Return this if we can't get an answer
+ *
+ * Returns:            0               Success
+ *             vauth_node_group:?      Error from vauth_node_group()
+ *
+ * Implicit returns:   *ismember       0       The user is not a group member
+ *                                     1       The user is a group member
+ */
 static int
-vauth_dir_ingroup(vauth_ctx vcp, int *ismember)
+vauth_dir_ingroup(vauth_ctx vcp, int *ismember, int idontknow)
 {
        int     error;
 
+       /* Check for a cached answer first, to avoid the check if possible */
        if (vcp->flags_valid & _VAC_IN_DIR_GROUP) {
                *ismember = (vcp->flags & _VAC_IN_DIR_GROUP) ? 1 : 0;
                error = 0;
        } else {
-               error = vauth_node_group(vcp->dvap, vcp->ctx->vc_ucred, ismember);
+               /* Otherwise, go look for it */
+               error = vauth_node_group(vcp->dvap, vcp->ctx->vc_ucred, ismember, idontknow);
 
                if (!error) {
                        /* cache our result */
@@ -4336,7 +6008,7 @@ vnode_authorize_posix(vauth_ctx vcp, int action, int on_dir)
        struct vnode_attr *vap;
        int needed, error, owner_ok, group_ok, world_ok, ismember;
 #ifdef KAUTH_DEBUG_ENABLE
-       const char *where;
+       const char *where = "uninitialized";
 # define _SETWHERE(c)  where = c;
 #else
 # define _SETWHERE(c)
@@ -4419,14 +6091,25 @@ vnode_authorize_posix(vauth_ctx vcp, int action, int on_dir)
        }
 
        /* Check group membership (most expensive) */
-       ismember = 0;
+       ismember = 0;   /* Default to allow, if the target has no group owner */
+
+       /*
+        * In the case we can't get an answer about the user from the call to
+        * vauth_dir_ingroup() or vauth_file_ingroup(), we want to fail on
+        * the side of caution, rather than simply granting access, or we will
+        * fail to correctly implement exclusion groups, so we set the third
+        * parameter on the basis of the state of 'group_ok'.
+        */
        if (on_dir) {
-               error = vauth_dir_ingroup(vcp, &ismember);
+               error = vauth_dir_ingroup(vcp, &ismember, (!group_ok ? EACCES : 0));
        } else {
-               error = vauth_file_ingroup(vcp, &ismember);
+               error = vauth_file_ingroup(vcp, &ismember, (!group_ok ? EACCES : 0));
+       }
+       if (error) {
+               if (!group_ok)
+                       ismember = 1;
+               error = 0;
        }
-       if (error)
-               goto out;
        if (ismember) {
                _SETWHERE("group");
                if (!group_ok)
@@ -4470,15 +6153,21 @@ out:
  * - Neither the node nor the directory are immutable.
  * - The user is not the superuser.
  *
- * Deletion is not permitted if the directory is sticky and the caller is not owner of the
- * node or directory.
+ * Deletion is not permitted if the directory is sticky and the caller is
+ * not owner of the node or directory.
  *
- * If either the node grants DELETE, or the directory grants DELETE_CHILD, the node may be
- * deleted.  If neither denies the permission, and the caller has Posix write access to the
- * directory, then the node may be deleted.
+ * If either the node grants DELETE, or the directory grants DELETE_CHILD,
+ * the node may be deleted.  If neither denies the permission, and the
+ * caller has Posix write access to the directory, then the node may be
+ * deleted.
+ *
+ * As an optimization, we cache whether or not delete child is permitted
+ * on directories without the sticky bit set.
  */
-static int
-vnode_authorize_delete(vauth_ctx vcp)
+int
+vnode_authorize_delete(vauth_ctx vcp, boolean_t cached_delete_child);
+/*static*/ int
+vnode_authorize_delete(vauth_ctx vcp, boolean_t cached_delete_child)
 {
        struct vnode_attr       *vap = vcp->vap;
        struct vnode_attr       *dvap = vcp->dvap;
@@ -4488,33 +6177,53 @@ vnode_authorize_delete(vauth_ctx vcp)
 
        /* check the ACL on the directory */
        delete_child_denied = 0;
-       if (VATTR_IS_NOT(dvap, va_acl, NULL)) {
+       if (!cached_delete_child && VATTR_IS_NOT(dvap, va_acl, NULL)) {
                eval.ae_requested = KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD;
                eval.ae_acl = &dvap->va_acl->acl_ace[0];
                eval.ae_count = dvap->va_acl->acl_entrycount;
                eval.ae_options = 0;
                if (vauth_dir_owner(vcp))
                        eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IS_OWNER;
-               if ((error = vauth_dir_ingroup(vcp, &ismember)) != 0)
+               /*
+                * We use ENOENT as a marker to indicate we could not get
+                * information in order to delay evaluation until after we
+                * have the ACL evaluation answer.  Previously, we would
+                * always deny the operation at this point.
+                */
+               if ((error = vauth_dir_ingroup(vcp, &ismember, ENOENT)) != 0 && error != ENOENT)
                        return(error);
-               if (ismember)
+               if (error == ENOENT)
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP_UNKNOWN;
+               else if (ismember)
                        eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP;
                eval.ae_exp_gall = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_ALL_BITS;
                eval.ae_exp_gread = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_READ_BITS;
                eval.ae_exp_gwrite = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_WRITE_BITS;
                eval.ae_exp_gexec = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_EXECUTE_BITS;
 
+               /*
+                * If there is no entry, we are going to defer to other
+                * authorization mechanisms.
+                */
                error = kauth_acl_evaluate(cred, &eval);
 
                if (error != 0) {
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ERROR during ACL processing - %d", vcp->vp, error);
                        return(error);
                }
-               if (eval.ae_result == KAUTH_RESULT_DENY)
+               switch(eval.ae_result) {
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DENY:
                        delete_child_denied = 1;
-               if (eval.ae_result == KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW) {
-                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - granted by directory ACL", vcp->vp);
-                       return(0);
+                       break;
+                       /* FALLSTHROUGH */
+                case KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW:
+                        KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - granted by directory ACL", vcp->vp);
+                        return(0);
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER:
+               default:
+                       /* Effectively the same as !delete_child_denied */
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DEFERRED - directory ACL", vcp->vp);
+                       break;
                }
        }
 
@@ -4527,9 +6236,17 @@ vnode_authorize_delete(vauth_ctx vcp)
                eval.ae_options = 0;
                if (vauth_file_owner(vcp))
                        eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IS_OWNER;
-               if ((error = vauth_file_ingroup(vcp, &ismember)) != 0)
+               /*
+                * We use ENOENT as a marker to indicate we could not get
+                * information in order to delay evaluation until after we
+                * have the ACL evaluation answer.  Previously, we would
+                * always deny the operation at this point.
+                */
+               if ((error = vauth_file_ingroup(vcp, &ismember, ENOENT)) != 0 && error != ENOENT)
                        return(error);
-               if (ismember)
+               if (error == ENOENT)
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP_UNKNOWN;
+               else if (ismember)
                        eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP;
                eval.ae_exp_gall = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_ALL_BITS;
                eval.ae_exp_gread = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_READ_BITS;
@@ -4540,30 +6257,38 @@ vnode_authorize_delete(vauth_ctx vcp)
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ERROR during ACL processing - %d", vcp->vp, error);
                        return(error);
                }
-               if (eval.ae_result == KAUTH_RESULT_DENY)
+
+               switch(eval.ae_result) {
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DENY:
                        delete_denied = 1;
-               if (eval.ae_result == KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW) {
+                       break;
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW:
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - granted by file ACL", vcp->vp);
                        return(0);
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER:
+               default:
+                       /* Effectively the same as !delete_child_denied */
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DEFERRED%s - by file ACL", vcp->vp, delete_denied ? "(DENY)" : "");
+                       break;
                }
        }
 
        /* if denied by ACL on directory or node, return denial */
        if (delete_denied || delete_child_denied) {
-               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - denied by ACL", vcp->vp);
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - denied by ACL", vcp->vp);
                return(EACCES);
        }
 
        /* enforce sticky bit behaviour */
        if ((dvap->va_mode & S_ISTXT) && !vauth_file_owner(vcp) && !vauth_dir_owner(vcp)) {
                KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - sticky bit rules (user %d  file %d  dir %d)",
-                   vcp->vp, cred->cr_uid, vap->va_uid, dvap->va_uid);
+                   vcp->vp, cred->cr_posix.cr_uid, vap->va_uid, dvap->va_uid);
                return(EACCES);
        }
 
        /* check the directory */
-       if ((error = vnode_authorize_posix(vcp, VWRITE, 1 /* on_dir */)) != 0) {
-               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - granted by posix permisssions", vcp->vp);
+       if (!cached_delete_child && (error = vnode_authorize_posix(vcp, VWRITE, 1 /* on_dir */)) != 0) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - denied by posix permisssions", vcp->vp);
                return(error);
        }
 
@@ -4576,7 +6301,7 @@ vnode_authorize_delete(vauth_ctx vcp)
  * Authorize an operation based on the node's attributes.
  */
 static int
-vnode_authorize_simple(vauth_ctx vcp, kauth_ace_rights_t acl_rights, kauth_ace_rights_t preauth_rights)
+vnode_authorize_simple(vauth_ctx vcp, kauth_ace_rights_t acl_rights, kauth_ace_rights_t preauth_rights, boolean_t *found_deny)
 {
        struct vnode_attr       *vap = vcp->vap;
        kauth_cred_t            cred = vcp->ctx->vc_ucred;
@@ -4617,9 +6342,17 @@ vnode_authorize_simple(vauth_ctx vcp, kauth_ace_rights_t acl_rights, kauth_ace_r
                eval.ae_options = 0;
                if (vauth_file_owner(vcp))
                        eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IS_OWNER;
-               if ((error = vauth_file_ingroup(vcp, &ismember)) != 0)
+               /*
+                * We use ENOENT as a marker to indicate we could not get
+                * information in order to delay evaluation until after we
+                * have the ACL evaluation answer.  Previously, we would
+                * always deny the operation at this point.
+                */
+               if ((error = vauth_file_ingroup(vcp, &ismember, ENOENT)) != 0 && error != ENOENT)
                        return(error);
-               if (ismember)
+               if (error == ENOENT)
+                       eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP_UNKNOWN;
+               else if (ismember)
                        eval.ae_options |= KAUTH_AEVAL_IN_GROUP;
                eval.ae_exp_gall = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_ALL_BITS;
                eval.ae_exp_gread = KAUTH_VNODE_GENERIC_READ_BITS;
@@ -4631,14 +6364,22 @@ vnode_authorize_simple(vauth_ctx vcp, kauth_ace_rights_t acl_rights, kauth_ace_r
                        return(error);
                }
                
-               if (eval.ae_result == KAUTH_RESULT_DENY) {
+               switch(eval.ae_result) {
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DENY:
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - by ACL", vcp->vp);
-                       return(EACCES);                 /* deny, deny, counter-allege */
-               }
-               if (eval.ae_result == KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW) {
+                       return(EACCES);         /* deny, deny, counter-allege */
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW:
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - all rights granted by ACL", vcp->vp);
                        return(0);
+               case KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER:
+               default:
+                       /* Effectively the same as !delete_child_denied */
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DEFERRED - directory ACL", vcp->vp);
+                       break;
                }
+
+               *found_deny = eval.ae_found_deny;
+
                /* fall through and evaluate residual rights */
        } else {
                /* no ACL, everything is residual */
@@ -4776,7 +6517,7 @@ vnode_authorize_checkimmutable(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int rights, i
        if (rights & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_RIGHTS) {
                
                /* check per-filesystem options if possible */
-               mp = vnode_mount(vp);
+               mp = vp->v_mount;
                if (mp != NULL) {
        
                        /* check for no-EA filesystems */
@@ -4788,13 +6529,16 @@ vnode_authorize_checkimmutable(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int rights, i
                        }
                }
 
-               /* check for file immutability */
+               /* 
+                * check for file immutability. first, check if the requested rights are 
+                * allowable for a UF_APPEND file.
+                */
                append = 0;
                if (vp->v_type == VDIR) {
-                       if ((rights & (KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_FILE | KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY)) == rights)
+                       if ((rights & (KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_FILE | KAUTH_VNODE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES)) == rights)
                                append = 1;
                } else {
-                       if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_APPEND_DATA) == rights)
+                       if ((rights & (KAUTH_VNODE_APPEND_DATA | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES)) == rights)
                                append = 1;
                }
                if ((error = vnode_immutable(vap, append, ignore)) != 0) {
@@ -4807,8 +6551,19 @@ out:
 }
 
 /*
- * Handle authorization actions for filesystems that advertise that the server will
- * be enforcing.
+ * Handle authorization actions for filesystems that advertise that the
+ * server will be enforcing.
+ *
+ * Returns:    0                       Authorization should be handled locally
+ *             1                       Authorization was handled by the FS
+ *
+ * Note:       Imputed returns will only occur if the authorization request
+ *             was handled by the FS.
+ *
+ * Imputed:    *resultp, modified      Return code from FS when the request is
+ *                                     handled by the FS.
+ *             VNOP_ACCESS:???
+ *             VNOP_OPEN:???
  */
 static int
 vnode_authorize_opaque(vnode_t vp, int *resultp, kauth_action_t action, vfs_context_t ctx)
@@ -4833,7 +6588,7 @@ vnode_authorize_opaque(vnode_t vp, int *resultp, kauth_action_t action, vfs_cont
         * In the advisory request case, if the filesystem doesn't think it's reliable
         * we will attempt to formulate a result ourselves based on VNOP_GETATTR data.
         */
-       if ((action & KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS) && !vfs_authopaqueaccess(vnode_mount(vp)))
+       if ((action & KAUTH_VNODE_ACCESS) && !vfs_authopaqueaccess(vp->v_mount))
                return(0);
 
        /*
@@ -4850,7 +6605,7 @@ vnode_authorize_opaque(vnode_t vp, int *resultp, kauth_action_t action, vfs_cont
         * Typically opaque filesystems do authorisation in-line, but exec is a special case.  In
         * order to be reasonably sure that exec will be permitted, we try a bit harder here.
         */
-       if ((action & KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE) && vnode_isreg(vp)) {
+       if ((action & KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE) && (vp->v_type == VREG)) {
                /* try a VNOP_OPEN for readonly access */
                if ((error = VNOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, ctx)) != 0) {
                        *resultp = error;
@@ -4869,8 +6624,122 @@ vnode_authorize_opaque(vnode_t vp, int *resultp, kauth_action_t action, vfs_cont
        return(1);
 }
 
+
+
+
+/*
+ * Returns:    KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW
+ *             KAUTH_RESULT_DENY
+ *
+ * Imputed:    *arg3, modified         Error code in the deny case
+ *             EROFS                   Read-only file system
+ *             EACCES                  Permission denied
+ *             EPERM                   Operation not permitted [no execute]
+ *     vnode_getattr:ENOMEM            Not enough space [only if has filesec]
+ *     vnode_getattr:???
+ *     vnode_authorize_opaque:*arg2    ???
+ *     vnode_authorize_checkimmutable:???
+ *     vnode_authorize_delete:???
+ *     vnode_authorize_simple:???
+ */
+
+
+static int
+vnode_authorize_callback(kauth_cred_t cred, void *idata, kauth_action_t action,
+                        uintptr_t arg0, uintptr_t arg1, uintptr_t arg2, uintptr_t arg3)
+{
+       vfs_context_t   ctx;
+       vnode_t         cvp = NULLVP;
+       vnode_t         vp, dvp;
+       int             result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
+       int             parent_iocount = 0;
+       int             parent_action; /* In case we need to use namedstream's data fork for cached rights*/
+
+       ctx = (vfs_context_t)arg0;
+       vp = (vnode_t)arg1;
+       dvp = (vnode_t)arg2;
+
+       /*
+        * if there are 2 vnodes passed in, we don't know at
+        * this point which rights to look at based on the 
+        * combined action being passed in... defer until later...
+        * otherwise check the kauth 'rights' cache hung
+        * off of the vnode we're interested in... if we've already
+        * been granted the right we're currently interested in,
+        * we can just return success... otherwise we'll go through
+        * the process of authorizing the requested right(s)... if that
+        * succeeds, we'll add the right(s) to the cache.
+        * VNOP_SETATTR and VNOP_SETXATTR will invalidate this cache
+        */
+        if (dvp && vp)
+               goto defer;
+       if (dvp) {
+               cvp = dvp;
+       } else {
+               /* 
+                * For named streams on local-authorization volumes, rights are cached on the parent;
+                * authorization is determined by looking at the parent's properties anyway, so storing
+                * on the parent means that we don't recompute for the named stream and that if 
+                * we need to flush rights (e.g. on VNOP_SETATTR()) we don't need to track down the
+                * stream to flush its cache separately.  If we miss in the cache, then we authorize
+                * as if there were no cached rights (passing the named stream vnode and desired rights to 
+                * vnode_authorize_callback_int()).
+                *
+                * On an opaquely authorized volume, we don't know the relationship between the 
+                * data fork's properties and the rights granted on a stream.  Thus, named stream vnodes
+                * on such a volume are authorized directly (rather than using the parent) and have their
+                * own caches.  When a named stream vnode is created, we mark the parent as having a named
+                * stream. On a VNOP_SETATTR() for the parent that may invalidate cached authorization, we 
+                * find the stream and flush its cache.
+                */
+               if (vnode_isnamedstream(vp) && (!vfs_authopaque(vp->v_mount))) {
+                       cvp = vnode_getparent(vp);
+                       if (cvp != NULLVP) {
+                               parent_iocount = 1;
+                       } else {
+                               cvp = NULL;
+                               goto defer; /* If we can't use the parent, take the slow path */
+                       }
+
+                       /* Have to translate some actions */
+                       parent_action = action;
+                       if (parent_action & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA) {
+                               parent_action &= ~KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA;
+                               parent_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_READ_EXTATTRIBUTES;
+                       }
+                       if (parent_action & KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA) {
+                               parent_action &= ~KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_DATA;
+                               parent_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES;
+                       }
+
+               } else {
+                       cvp = vp;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (vnode_cache_is_authorized(cvp, ctx, parent_iocount ? parent_action : action) == TRUE) {
+               result = KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW;
+               goto out;
+       }
+defer:
+        result = vnode_authorize_callback_int(cred, idata, action, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3);
+
+       if (result == KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW && cvp != NULLVP) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("%p - caching action = %x", cvp, action);
+               vnode_cache_authorized_action(cvp, ctx, action);
+       }
+
+out:
+       if (parent_iocount) {
+               vnode_put(cvp);
+       }
+
+       return result;
+}
+
+
 static int
-vnode_authorize_callback(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata, kauth_action_t action,
+vnode_authorize_callback_int(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata, kauth_action_t action,
     uintptr_t arg0, uintptr_t arg1, uintptr_t arg2, uintptr_t arg3)
 {
        struct _vnode_authorize_context auth_context;
@@ -4883,13 +6752,19 @@ vnode_authorize_callback(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata
        int                     result;
        int                     *errorp;
        int                     noimmutable;
+       boolean_t               parent_authorized_for_delete_child = FALSE;
+       boolean_t               found_deny = FALSE;
+       boolean_t               parent_ref= FALSE;
 
        vcp = &auth_context;
        ctx = vcp->ctx = (vfs_context_t)arg0;
        vp = vcp->vp = (vnode_t)arg1;
        dvp = vcp->dvp = (vnode_t)arg2;
        errorp = (int *)arg3;
-       /* note that we authorize against the context, not the passed cred (the same thing anyway) */
+       /*
+        * Note that we authorize against the context, not the passed cred
+        * (the same thing anyway)
+        */
        cred = ctx->vc_ucred;
 
        VATTR_INIT(&va);
@@ -4936,6 +6811,14 @@ vnode_authorize_callback(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata
                if (dvp == NULL)
                        panic("vnode_authorize: KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE test requires a directory");
 #endif
+               /*
+                * check to see if we've already authorized the parent
+                * directory for deletion of its children... if so, we
+                * can skip a whole bunch of work... we will still have to
+                * authorize that this specific child can be removed
+                */
+               if (vnode_cache_is_authorized(dvp, ctx, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD) == TRUE)
+                       parent_authorized_for_delete_child = TRUE;
        } else {
                dvp = NULL;
        }
@@ -4955,7 +6838,7 @@ vnode_authorize_callback(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata
        /*
         * Check for noexec filesystems.
         */
-       if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE) && vnode_isreg(vp) && (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC)) {
+       if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE) && (vp->v_type == VREG) && (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC)) {
                result = EACCES;
                goto out;
        }
@@ -4966,7 +6849,7 @@ vnode_authorize_callback(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata
         * check based on VNOP_GETATTR data.  Otherwise it returns 1 and sets
         * an appropriate result, at which point we can return immediately.
         */
-       if (vfs_authopaque(vp->v_mount) && vnode_authorize_opaque(vp, &result, action, ctx))
+       if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_AUTH_OPAQUE) && vnode_authorize_opaque(vp, &result, action, ctx))
                goto out;
 
        /*
@@ -4998,7 +6881,7 @@ vnode_authorize_callback(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata
         * If the vnode is an extended attribute data vnode (eg. a resource fork), *_DATA becomes
         * *_EXTATTRIBUTES.
         */
-       if (S_ISXATTR(va.va_mode)) {
+       if (vnode_isnamedstream(vp)) {
                if (rights & KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA) {
                        rights &= ~KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA;
                        rights |= KAUTH_VNODE_READ_EXTATTRIBUTES;
@@ -5008,7 +6891,27 @@ vnode_authorize_callback(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata
                        rights |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES;
                }
        }
-       
+
+       /*
+        * Point 'vp' to the resource fork's parent for ACL checking
+        */
+       if (vnode_isnamedstream(vp) &&
+           (vp->v_parent != NULL) &&
+           (vget_internal(vp->v_parent, 0, VNODE_NODEAD | VNODE_DRAINO) == 0)) {
+               parent_ref = TRUE;
+               vcp->vp = vp = vp->v_parent;
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_acl) && (va.va_acl != NULL))
+                       kauth_acl_free(va.va_acl);
+               VATTR_INIT(&va);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_mode);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_uid);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_gid);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_flags);
+               VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_acl);
+               if ((result = vnode_getattr(vp, &va, ctx)) != 0)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+
        /*
         * Check for immutability.
         *
@@ -5018,6 +6921,7 @@ vnode_authorize_callback(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata
        if ((result = vnode_authorize_checkimmutable(vp, &va, rights, noimmutable)) != 0)
                goto out;
        if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE) &&
+           parent_authorized_for_delete_child == FALSE &&
            ((result = vnode_authorize_checkimmutable(dvp, &dva, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD, 0)) != 0))
                goto out;
 
@@ -5030,17 +6934,19 @@ vnode_authorize_callback(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata
                goto out;
 
        /*
-        * If we're not the superuser, authorize based on file properties.
+        * If we're not the superuser, authorize based on file properties;
+        * note that even if parent_authorized_for_delete_child is TRUE, we
+        * need to check on the node itself.
         */
        if (!vfs_context_issuser(ctx)) {
                /* process delete rights */
                if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE) &&
-                   ((result = vnode_authorize_delete(vcp)) != 0))
+                   ((result = vnode_authorize_delete(vcp, parent_authorized_for_delete_child)) != 0))
                    goto out;
 
                /* process remaining rights */
                if ((rights & ~KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE) &&
-                   ((result = vnode_authorize_simple(vcp, rights, rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE)) != 0))
+                   (result = vnode_authorize_simple(vcp, rights, rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE, &found_deny)) != 0)
                        goto out;
        } else {
 
@@ -5059,18 +6965,51 @@ vnode_authorize_callback(__unused kauth_cred_t unused_cred, __unused void *idata
                
                KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    ALLOWED - caller is superuser", vp);
        }
-
 out:
        if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_acl) && (va.va_acl != NULL))
                kauth_acl_free(va.va_acl);
        if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&dva, va_acl) && (dva.va_acl != NULL))
                kauth_acl_free(dva.va_acl);
+
        if (result) {
+               if (parent_ref)
+                       vnode_put(vp);
                *errorp = result;
                KAUTH_DEBUG("%p    DENIED - auth denied", vp);
                return(KAUTH_RESULT_DENY);
        }
-
+       if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_SEARCH) && found_deny == FALSE && vp->v_type == VDIR) {
+               /*
+                * if we were successfully granted the right to search this directory
+                * and there were NO ACL DENYs for search and the posix permissions also don't
+                * deny execute, we can synthesize a global right that allows anyone to 
+                * traverse this directory during a pathname lookup without having to
+                * match the credential associated with this cache of rights.
+                */
+               if (!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_mode) ||
+                   ((va.va_mode & (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)) ==
+                    (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH))) {
+                       vnode_cache_authorized_action(vp, ctx, KAUTH_VNODE_SEARCHBYANYONE);
+               }
+       }
+       if ((rights & KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE) && parent_authorized_for_delete_child == FALSE) {
+               /*
+                * parent was successfully and newly authorized for content deletions
+                * add it to the cache, but only if it doesn't have the sticky
+                * bit set on it.  This same  check is done earlier guarding
+                * fetching of dva, and if we jumped to out without having done
+                * this, we will have returned already because of a non-zero
+                * 'result' value.
+                */
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&dva, va_mode) &&
+                   !(dva.va_mode & (S_ISVTX))) {
+                       /* OK to cache delete rights */
+                       KAUTH_DEBUG("%p - caching DELETE_CHILD rights", dvp);
+                       vnode_cache_authorized_action(dvp, ctx, KAUTH_VNODE_DELETE_CHILD);
+               }
+       }
+       if (parent_ref)
+               vnode_put(vp);
        /*
         * Note that this implies that we will allow requests for no rights, as well as
         * for rights that we do not recognise.  There should be none of these.
@@ -5079,20 +7018,31 @@ out:
        return(KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW);
 }
 
+int 
+vnode_authattr_new(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int noauth, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       return vnode_authattr_new_internal(dvp, vap, noauth, NULL, ctx);
+}
+
 /*
  * Check that the attribute information in vattr can be legally applied to
  * a new file by the context.
  */
-int
-vnode_authattr_new(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int noauth, vfs_context_t ctx)
+static int
+vnode_authattr_new_internal(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int noauth, uint32_t *defaulted_fieldsp, vfs_context_t ctx)
 {
        int             error;
-       int             is_suser, ismember, defaulted_owner, defaulted_group, defaulted_mode;
+       int             has_priv_suser, ismember, defaulted_owner, defaulted_group, defaulted_mode;
        kauth_cred_t    cred;
        guid_t          changer;
        mount_t         dmp;
 
        error = 0;
+
+       if (defaulted_fieldsp) {
+               *defaulted_fieldsp = 0;
+       }
+
        defaulted_owner = defaulted_group = defaulted_mode = 0;
 
        /*
@@ -5177,7 +7127,7 @@ vnode_authattr_new(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int noauth, vfs_context_
         * Quickly check for the applicability of any enforcement here.
         * Tests below maintain the integrity of the local security model.
         */
-       if (vfs_authopaque(vnode_mount(dvp)))
+       if (vfs_authopaque(dvp->v_mount))
            goto out;
 
        /*
@@ -5187,14 +7137,14 @@ vnode_authattr_new(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int noauth, vfs_context_
        cred = vfs_context_ucred(ctx);
        if (noauth) {
                /* doing work for the kernel */
-               is_suser = 1;
+               has_priv_suser = 1;
        } else {
-               is_suser = vfs_context_issuser(ctx);
+               has_priv_suser = vfs_context_issuser(ctx);
        }
 
 
        if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_flags)) {
-               if (is_suser) {
+               if (has_priv_suser) {
                        if ((vap->va_flags & (UF_SETTABLE | SF_SETTABLE)) != vap->va_flags) {
                                error = EPERM;
                                KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - superuser attempt to set illegal flag(s)");
@@ -5210,7 +7160,7 @@ vnode_authattr_new(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int noauth, vfs_context_
        }
 
        /* if not superuser, validate legality of new-item attributes */
-       if (!is_suser) {
+       if (!has_priv_suser) {
                if (!defaulted_mode && VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_mode)) {
                        /* setgid? */
                        if (vap->va_mode & S_ISGID) {
@@ -5275,14 +7225,26 @@ vnode_authattr_new(vnode_t dvp, struct vnode_attr *vap, int noauth, vfs_context_
                }
        }
 out:   
+       if (defaulted_fieldsp) {
+               if (defaulted_mode) {
+                       *defaulted_fieldsp |= VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_MODE;
+               }
+               if (defaulted_group) {
+                       *defaulted_fieldsp |= VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_GID;
+               }
+               if (defaulted_owner) {
+                       *defaulted_fieldsp |= VATTR_PREPARE_DEFAULTED_UID;
+               }
+       }
        return(error);
 }
 
 /*
- * Check that the attribute information in vap can be legally written by the context.
+ * Check that the attribute information in vap can be legally written by the
+ * context.
  *
- * Call this when you're not sure about the vnode_attr; either its contents have come
- * from an unknown source, or when they are variable.
+ * Call this when you're not sure about the vnode_attr; either its contents
+ * have come from an unknown source, or when they are variable.
  *
  * Returns errno, or zero and sets *actionp to the KAUTH_VNODE_* actions that
  * must be authorized to be permitted to write the vattr.
@@ -5292,7 +7254,7 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
 {
        struct vnode_attr ova;
        kauth_action_t  required_action;
-       int             error, is_suser, ismember, chowner, chgroup;
+       int             error, has_priv_suser, ismember, chowner, chgroup, clear_suid, clear_sgid;
        guid_t          changer;
        gid_t           group;
        uid_t           owner;
@@ -5307,7 +7269,7 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
        /*
         * Quickly check for enforcement applicability.
         */
-       if (vfs_authopaque(vnode_mount(vp)))
+       if (vfs_authopaque(vp->v_mount))
                goto out;
        
        /*
@@ -5323,7 +7285,7 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
         * We need to know if the caller is the superuser.
         */
        cred = vfs_context_ucred(ctx);
-       is_suser = kauth_cred_issuser(cred);
+       has_priv_suser = kauth_cred_issuser(cred);
        
        /*
         * If any of the following are changing, we need information from the old file:
@@ -5371,6 +7333,14 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
                VATTR_WANTED(&ova, va_flags);
        }
 
+       /*
+        * If ACLs are being changed, we need the old ACLs.
+        */
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_acl)) {
+               KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - acl changing, fetching old flags");
+               VATTR_WANTED(&ova, va_acl);
+       }
+
        /*
         * If the size is being set, make sure it's not a directory.
         */
@@ -5421,7 +7391,7 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
                 * provided that the file is not immutable.  The owner still needs
                 * WRITE_ATTRIBUTES (implied by ownership but still deniable).
                 */
-               if (is_suser || vauth_node_owner(&ova, cred)) {
+               if (has_priv_suser || vauth_node_owner(&ova, cred)) {
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - root or owner changing timestamps");
                        required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE | KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES;
                } else {
@@ -5446,7 +7416,7 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
                /*
                 * Mode changes always have the same basic auth requirements.
                 */
-               if (is_suser) {
+               if (has_priv_suser) {
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - superuser mode change, requiring immutability check");
                        required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE;
                } else {
@@ -5461,7 +7431,7 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
                 */
                if (vap->va_mode & S_ISGID) {
                        required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE;  /* always required */
-                       if (!is_suser) {
+                       if (!has_priv_suser) {
                                if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid)) {
                                        group = vap->va_gid;
                                } else if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_gid)) {
@@ -5492,7 +7462,7 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
                 */
                if (vap->va_mode & S_ISUID) {
                        required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE;  /* always required */
-                       if (!is_suser) {
+                       if (!has_priv_suser) {
                                if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid)) {
                                        owner = vap->va_uid;
                                } else if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_uid)) {
@@ -5537,7 +7507,7 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
                        required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY;
 
                        /* check that changing bits are legal */
-                       if (is_suser) {
+                       if (has_priv_suser) {
                                /*
                                 * The immutability check will prevent us from clearing the SF_*
                                 * flags unless the system securelevel permits it, so just check
@@ -5575,6 +7545,8 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
         */
        chowner = 0;
        chgroup = 0;
+       clear_suid = 0;
+       clear_sgid = 0;
 
        /*
         * uid changing
@@ -5582,14 +7554,17 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
         * support them in general, and will ignore it if/when we try to set it.
         * We might want to clear the uid out of vap completely here.
         */
-       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid) && VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_uid) && (vap->va_uid != ova.va_uid)) {
-               if (!is_suser && (kauth_cred_getuid(cred) != vap->va_uid)) {
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uid)) {
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_uid) && (vap->va_uid != ova.va_uid)) {
+               if (!has_priv_suser && (kauth_cred_getuid(cred) != vap->va_uid)) {
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("  DENIED - non-superuser cannot change ownershipt to a third party");
                        error = EPERM;
                        goto out;
                }
                chowner = 1;
        }
+               clear_suid = 1;
+       }
        
        /*
         * gid changing
@@ -5597,8 +7572,9 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
         * support them in general, and will ignore it if/when we try to set it.
         * We might want to clear the gid out of vap completely here.
         */
-       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid) && VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_gid) && (vap->va_gid != ova.va_gid)) {
-               if (!is_suser) {
+       if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_gid)) {
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_gid) && (vap->va_gid != ova.va_gid)) {
+               if (!has_priv_suser) {
                        if ((error = kauth_cred_ismember_gid(cred, vap->va_gid, &ismember)) != 0) {
                                KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - got %d checking for membership in %d", error, vap->va_gid);
                                goto out;
@@ -5612,32 +7588,54 @@ vnode_authattr(vnode_t vp, struct vnode_attr *vap, kauth_action_t *actionp, vfs_
                }
                chgroup = 1;
        }
+               clear_sgid = 1;
+       }
 
        /*
         * Owner UUID being set or changed.
         */
        if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_uuuid)) {
                /* if the owner UUID is not actually changing ... */
-               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_uuuid) && kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &ova.va_uuuid))
-                       goto no_uuuid_change;
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_uuuid)) {
+                       if (kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &ova.va_uuuid))
+                               goto no_uuuid_change;
+                       
+                       /*
+                        * If the current owner UUID is a null GUID, check
+                        * it against the UUID corresponding to the owner UID.
+                        */
+                       if (kauth_guid_equal(&ova.va_uuuid, &kauth_null_guid) &&
+                           VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_uid)) {
+                               guid_t uid_guid;
+
+                               if (kauth_cred_uid2guid(ova.va_uid, &uid_guid) == 0 &&
+                                   kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &uid_guid))
+                                       goto no_uuuid_change;
+                       }
+               }
                
                /*
                 * The owner UUID cannot be set by a non-superuser to anything other than
-                * their own.
+                * their own or a null GUID (to "unset" the owner UUID).
+                * Note that file systems must be prepared to handle the
+                * null UUID case in a manner appropriate for that file
+                * system.
                 */
-               if (!is_suser) {
+               if (!has_priv_suser) {
                        if ((error = kauth_cred_getguid(cred, &changer)) != 0) {
                                KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - got %d trying to get caller UUID", error);
                                /* XXX ENOENT here - no UUID - should perhaps become EPERM */
                                goto out;
                        }
-                       if (!kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &changer)) {
-                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - cannot set supplied owner UUID - not us");
+                       if (!kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &changer) &&
+                           !kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_uuuid, &kauth_null_guid)) {
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - cannot set supplied owner UUID - not us / null");
                                error = EPERM;
                                goto out;
                        }
                }
                chowner = 1;
+               clear_suid = 1;
        }
 no_uuuid_change:
        /*
@@ -5645,20 +7643,41 @@ no_uuuid_change:
         */
        if (VATTR_IS_ACTIVE(vap, va_guuid)) {
                /* if the group UUID is not actually changing ... */
-               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_guuid) && kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_guuid, &ova.va_guuid))
-                       goto no_guuid_change;
+               if (VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_guuid)) {
+                       if (kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_guuid, &ova.va_guuid))
+                               goto no_guuid_change;
+
+                       /*
+                        * If the current group UUID is a null UUID, check
+                        * it against the UUID corresponding to the group GID.
+                        */
+                       if (kauth_guid_equal(&ova.va_guuid, &kauth_null_guid) &&
+                           VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&ova, va_gid)) {
+                               guid_t gid_guid;
+
+                               if (kauth_cred_gid2guid(ova.va_gid, &gid_guid) == 0 &&
+                                   kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_guuid, &gid_guid))
+                                       goto no_guuid_change;
+                       }
+               }
 
                /*
                 * The group UUID cannot be set by a non-superuser to anything other than
-                * one of which they are a member.
+                * one of which they are a member or a null GUID (to "unset"
+                * the group UUID).
+                * Note that file systems must be prepared to handle the
+                * null UUID case in a manner appropriate for that file
+                * system.
                 */
-               if (!is_suser) {
-                       if ((error = kauth_cred_ismember_guid(cred, &vap->va_guuid, &ismember)) != 0) {
+               if (!has_priv_suser) {
+                       if (kauth_guid_equal(&vap->va_guuid, &kauth_null_guid))
+                               ismember = 1;
+                       else if ((error = kauth_cred_ismember_guid(cred, &vap->va_guuid, &ismember)) != 0) {
                                KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - got %d trying to check group membership", error);
                                goto out;
                        }
                        if (!ismember) {
-                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - cannot create item with supplied group UUID - not a member");
+                               KAUTH_DEBUG("  ERROR - cannot set supplied group UUID - not a member / null");
                                error = EPERM;
                                goto out;
                        }
@@ -5670,8 +7689,8 @@ no_guuid_change:
        /*
         * Compute authorisation for group/ownership changes.
         */
-       if (chowner || chgroup) {
-               if (is_suser) {
+       if (chowner || chgroup || clear_suid || clear_sgid) {
+               if (has_priv_suser) {
                        KAUTH_DEBUG("ATTR - superuser changing file owner/group, requiring immutability check");
                        required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_CHECKIMMUTABLE;
                } else {
@@ -5727,7 +7746,7 @@ no_guuid_change:
                                KAUTH_DEBUG("CHMOD - adding/removing ACL entries");
                        } else if (vap->va_acl->acl_entrycount > 0) {
                                /* both ACLs have the same ACE count, said count is 1 or more, bitwise compare ACLs */
-                               if (!memcmp(&vap->va_acl->acl_ace[0], &ova.va_acl->acl_ace[0],
+                               if (memcmp(&vap->va_acl->acl_ace[0], &ova.va_acl->acl_ace[0],
                                        sizeof(struct kauth_ace) * vap->va_acl->acl_entrycount)) {
                                        required_action |= KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_SECURITY;
                                        KAUTH_DEBUG("CHMOD - changing ACL entries");
@@ -5750,51 +7769,955 @@ out:
        return(error);
 }
 
+static int
+setlocklocal_callback(struct vnode *vp, __unused void *cargs)
+{
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       vp->v_flag |= VLOCKLOCAL;
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       return (VNODE_RETURNED);
+}
 
 void
 vfs_setlocklocal(mount_t mp)
 {
-       vnode_t vp;
-       
-       mount_lock(mp);
+       mount_lock_spin(mp);
        mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_LOCK_LOCAL;
+       mount_unlock(mp);
 
        /*
-        * We do not expect anyone to be using any vnodes at the
-        * time this routine is called. So no need for vnode locking 
+        * The number of active vnodes is expected to be
+        * very small when vfs_setlocklocal is invoked.
         */
-       TAILQ_FOREACH(vp, &mp->mnt_vnodelist, v_mntvnodes) {
-                       vp->v_flag |= VLOCKLOCAL;
-       }
-       TAILQ_FOREACH(vp, &mp->mnt_workerqueue, v_mntvnodes) {
-                       vp->v_flag |= VLOCKLOCAL;
-       }
-       TAILQ_FOREACH(vp, &mp->mnt_newvnodes, v_mntvnodes) {
-                       vp->v_flag |= VLOCKLOCAL;
-       }
-       mount_unlock(mp);
+       vnode_iterate(mp, 0, setlocklocal_callback, NULL);
 }
 
+void
+vfs_setunmountpreflight(mount_t mp)
+{
+       mount_lock_spin(mp);
+       mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_UNMOUNT_PREFLIGHT;
+       mount_unlock(mp);
+}
 
-#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+void
+vfs_setcompoundopen(mount_t mp)
+{
+       mount_lock_spin(mp);
+       mp->mnt_compound_ops |= COMPOUND_VNOP_OPEN;
+       mount_unlock(mp);
+}
 
-record_vp(vnode_t vp, int count) {
-        struct uthread *ut;
-        int  i;
+void
+vn_setunionwait(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       vp->v_flag |= VISUNION;
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+}
 
-       if ((vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM))
-               return;
 
-       ut = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
-        ut->uu_iocount += count;
+void
+vn_checkunionwait(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       while ((vp->v_flag & VISUNION) == VISUNION)
+               msleep((caddr_t)&vp->v_flag, &vp->v_lock, 0, 0, 0);
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+}
 
-       if (ut->uu_vpindex < 32) {
-               for (i = 0; i < ut->uu_vpindex; i++) {
-                       if (ut->uu_vps[i] == vp)
-                               return;
-               }
-               ut->uu_vps[ut->uu_vpindex] = vp;
-               ut->uu_vpindex++;
+void
+vn_clearunionwait(vnode_t vp, int locked)
+{
+       if (!locked)
+               vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       if((vp->v_flag & VISUNION) == VISUNION) {
+               vp->v_flag &= ~VISUNION;
+               wakeup((caddr_t)&vp->v_flag);
        }
+       if (!locked)
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
 }
-#endif
+
+/*
+ * XXX - get "don't trigger mounts" flag for thread; used by autofs.
+ */
+extern int thread_notrigger(void);
+
+int
+thread_notrigger(void)
+{
+       struct uthread *uth = (struct uthread *)get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+       return (uth->uu_notrigger);
+}
+
+/* 
+ * Removes orphaned apple double files during a rmdir
+ * Works by:
+ * 1. vnode_suspend().
+ * 2. Call VNOP_READDIR() till the end of directory is reached.  
+ * 3. Check if the directory entries returned are regular files with name starting with "._".  If not, return ENOTEMPTY.  
+ * 4. Continue (2) and (3) till end of directory is reached.
+ * 5. If all the entries in the directory were files with "._" name, delete all the files.
+ * 6. vnode_resume()
+ * 7. If deletion of all files succeeded, call VNOP_RMDIR() again.
+ */
+
+errno_t rmdir_remove_orphaned_appleDouble(vnode_t vp , vfs_context_t ctx, int * restart_flag) 
+{
+
+#define UIO_BUFF_SIZE 2048
+       uio_t auio = NULL;
+       int eofflag, siz = UIO_BUFF_SIZE, nentries = 0;
+       int open_flag = 0, full_erase_flag = 0;
+       char uio_buf[ UIO_SIZEOF(1) ];
+       char *rbuf = NULL, *cpos, *cend;
+       struct nameidata nd_temp;
+       struct dirent *dp;
+       errno_t error;
+
+       error = vnode_suspend(vp);
+
+       /*
+        * restart_flag is set so that the calling rmdir sleeps and resets
+        */
+       if (error == EBUSY)
+               *restart_flag = 1;
+       if (error != 0)
+               goto outsc;
+
+       /*
+        * set up UIO
+        */
+       MALLOC(rbuf, caddr_t, siz, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+       if (rbuf)
+               auio = uio_createwithbuffer(1, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ,
+                               &uio_buf[0], sizeof(uio_buf));
+       if (!rbuf || !auio) {
+               error = ENOMEM;
+               goto outsc;
+       }
+
+       uio_setoffset(auio,0);
+
+       eofflag = 0;
+
+       if ((error = VNOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, ctx))) 
+               goto outsc;     
+       else
+               open_flag = 1;
+
+       /*
+        * First pass checks if all files are appleDouble files.
+        */
+
+       do {
+               siz = UIO_BUFF_SIZE;
+               uio_reset(auio, uio_offset(auio), UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
+               uio_addiov(auio, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(rbuf), UIO_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+               if((error = VNOP_READDIR(vp, auio, 0, &eofflag, &nentries, ctx)))
+                       goto outsc;
+
+               if (uio_resid(auio) != 0) 
+                       siz -= uio_resid(auio);
+
+               /*
+                * Iterate through directory
+                */
+               cpos = rbuf;
+               cend = rbuf + siz;
+               dp = (struct dirent*) cpos;
+
+               if (cpos == cend)
+                       eofflag = 1;
+
+               while ((cpos < cend)) {
+                       /*
+                        * Check for . and .. as well as directories
+                        */
+                       if (dp->d_ino != 0 && 
+                                       !((dp->d_namlen == 1 && dp->d_name[0] == '.') ||
+                                           (dp->d_namlen == 2 && dp->d_name[0] == '.' && dp->d_name[1] == '.'))) {
+                               /*
+                                * Check for irregular files and ._ files
+                                * If there is a ._._ file abort the op
+                                */
+                               if ( dp->d_namlen < 2 ||
+                                               strncmp(dp->d_name,"._",2) ||
+                                               (dp->d_namlen >= 4 && !strncmp(&(dp->d_name[2]), "._",2))) {
+                                       error = ENOTEMPTY;
+                                       goto outsc;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       cpos += dp->d_reclen;
+                       dp = (struct dirent*)cpos;
+               }
+               
+               /*
+                * workaround for HFS/NFS setting eofflag before end of file 
+                */
+               if (vp->v_tag == VT_HFS && nentries > 2)
+                       eofflag=0;
+
+               if (vp->v_tag == VT_NFS) {
+                       if (eofflag && !full_erase_flag) {
+                               full_erase_flag = 1;
+                               eofflag = 0;
+                               uio_reset(auio, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
+                       }
+                       else if (!eofflag && full_erase_flag)
+                               full_erase_flag = 0;
+               }
+
+       } while (!eofflag);
+       /*
+        * If we've made it here all the files in the dir are ._ files.
+        * We can delete the files even though the node is suspended
+        * because we are the owner of the file.
+        */
+
+       uio_reset(auio, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
+       eofflag = 0;
+       full_erase_flag = 0;
+
+       do {
+               siz = UIO_BUFF_SIZE;
+               uio_reset(auio, uio_offset(auio), UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
+               uio_addiov(auio, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(rbuf), UIO_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+               error = VNOP_READDIR(vp, auio, 0, &eofflag, &nentries, ctx);
+
+               if (error != 0) 
+                       goto outsc;
+
+               if (uio_resid(auio) != 0) 
+                       siz -= uio_resid(auio);
+
+               /*
+                * Iterate through directory
+                */
+               cpos = rbuf;
+               cend = rbuf + siz;
+               dp = (struct dirent*) cpos;
+               
+               if (cpos == cend)
+                       eofflag = 1;
+       
+               while ((cpos < cend)) {
+                       /*
+                        * Check for . and .. as well as directories
+                        */
+                       if (dp->d_ino != 0 && 
+                                       !((dp->d_namlen == 1 && dp->d_name[0] == '.') ||
+                                           (dp->d_namlen == 2 && dp->d_name[0] == '.' && dp->d_name[1] == '.'))
+                                         ) {
+       
+                               NDINIT(&nd_temp, DELETE, OP_UNLINK, USEDVP,
+                                      UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(dp->d_name),
+                                      ctx);
+                               nd_temp.ni_dvp = vp;
+                               error = unlink1(ctx, &nd_temp, VNODE_REMOVE_SKIP_NAMESPACE_EVENT);
+
+                               if (error &&  error != ENOENT) {
+                                       goto outsc;
+                               }
+
+                       }
+                       cpos += dp->d_reclen;
+                       dp = (struct dirent*)cpos;
+               }
+               
+               /*
+                * workaround for HFS/NFS setting eofflag before end of file 
+                */
+               if (vp->v_tag == VT_HFS && nentries > 2)
+                       eofflag=0;
+
+               if (vp->v_tag == VT_NFS) {
+                       if (eofflag && !full_erase_flag) {
+                               full_erase_flag = 1;
+                               eofflag = 0;
+                               uio_reset(auio, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
+                       }
+                       else if (!eofflag && full_erase_flag)
+                               full_erase_flag = 0;
+               }
+
+       } while (!eofflag);
+
+
+       error = 0;
+
+outsc:
+       if (open_flag)
+               VNOP_CLOSE(vp, FREAD, ctx);
+
+       uio_free(auio);
+       FREE(rbuf, M_TEMP);
+
+       vnode_resume(vp);
+
+
+       return(error);
+
+}
+
+
+void 
+lock_vnode_and_post(vnode_t vp, int kevent_num) 
+{
+       /* Only take the lock if there's something there! */
+       if (vp->v_knotes.slh_first != NULL) {
+               vnode_lock(vp);
+               KNOTE(&vp->v_knotes, kevent_num);
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+       }
+}
+
+#ifdef JOE_DEBUG
+static void record_vp(vnode_t vp, int count) {
+        struct uthread *ut;
+
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+       if (vp->v_resolve)
+               return;
+#endif
+       if ((vp->v_flag & VSYSTEM))
+               return;
+
+       ut = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+        ut->uu_iocount += count;
+
+       if (count == 1) {
+               if (ut->uu_vpindex < 32) {
+                       OSBacktrace((void **)&ut->uu_pcs[ut->uu_vpindex][0], 10);
+
+                       ut->uu_vps[ut->uu_vpindex] = vp;
+                       ut->uu_vpindex++;
+               }
+       }
+}
+#endif
+
+
+#if CONFIG_TRIGGERS
+
+#define TRIG_DEBUG 0
+
+#if TRIG_DEBUG
+#define TRIG_LOG(...) do { printf("%s: ", __FUNCTION__); printf(__VA_ARGS__); } while (0)
+#else
+#define TRIG_LOG(...)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Resolver result functions
+ */
+
+resolver_result_t
+vfs_resolver_result(uint32_t seq, enum resolver_status stat, int aux)
+{
+       /*
+        * |<---   32   --->|<---  28  --->|<- 4 ->|
+        *      sequence        auxiliary    status
+        */
+       return (((uint64_t)seq) << 32) |                
+              (((uint64_t)(aux & 0x0fffffff)) << 4) |  
+              (uint64_t)(stat & 0x0000000F);   
+}
+
+enum resolver_status
+vfs_resolver_status(resolver_result_t result)
+{
+       /* lower 4 bits is status */
+       return (result & 0x0000000F);
+}
+
+uint32_t
+vfs_resolver_sequence(resolver_result_t result)
+{
+       /* upper 32 bits is sequence */
+       return (uint32_t)(result >> 32);
+}
+
+int
+vfs_resolver_auxiliary(resolver_result_t result)
+{
+       /* 28 bits of auxiliary */
+       return (int)(((uint32_t)(result & 0xFFFFFFF0)) >> 4);
+}
+
+/*
+ * SPI
+ * Call in for resolvers to update vnode trigger state
+ */
+int
+vnode_trigger_update(vnode_t vp, resolver_result_t result)
+{
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       uint32_t seq;
+       enum resolver_status stat;
+
+       if (vp->v_resolve == NULL) {
+               return (EINVAL);
+       }
+
+       stat = vfs_resolver_status(result);
+       seq = vfs_resolver_sequence(result);
+
+       if ((stat != RESOLVER_RESOLVED) && (stat != RESOLVER_UNRESOLVED)) {
+               return (EINVAL);
+       }
+
+       rp = vp->v_resolve;
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
+       if (seq > rp->vr_lastseq) {
+               if (stat == RESOLVER_RESOLVED)
+                       rp->vr_flags |= VNT_RESOLVED;
+               else
+                       rp->vr_flags &= ~VNT_RESOLVED;
+
+               rp->vr_lastseq = seq;
+       }
+
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+vnode_resolver_attach(vnode_t vp, vnode_resolve_t rp, boolean_t ref)
+{
+       int error;
+
+       vnode_lock_spin(vp);
+       if (vp->v_resolve != NULL) {
+               vnode_unlock(vp);
+               return EINVAL;
+       } else {
+               vp->v_resolve = rp;
+       }
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+       
+       if (ref) {
+               error = vnode_ref_ext(vp, O_EVTONLY, VNODE_REF_FORCE);
+               if (error != 0) {
+                       panic("VNODE_REF_FORCE didn't help...");
+               }
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * VFS internal interfaces for vnode triggers
+ *
+ * vnode must already have an io count on entry
+ * v_resolve is stable when io count is non-zero
+ */
+static int
+vnode_resolver_create(mount_t mp, vnode_t vp, struct vnode_trigger_param *tinfo, boolean_t external)
+{
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       int result;
+       char byte;
+
+#if 1
+       /* minimum pointer test (debugging) */
+       if (tinfo->vnt_data)
+               byte = *((char *)tinfo->vnt_data);
+#endif
+       MALLOC(rp, vnode_resolve_t, sizeof(*rp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+       if (rp == NULL)
+               return (ENOMEM);
+
+       lck_mtx_init(&rp->vr_lock, trigger_vnode_lck_grp, trigger_vnode_lck_attr);
+
+       rp->vr_resolve_func = tinfo->vnt_resolve_func;
+       rp->vr_unresolve_func = tinfo->vnt_unresolve_func;
+       rp->vr_rearm_func = tinfo->vnt_rearm_func;
+       rp->vr_reclaim_func = tinfo->vnt_reclaim_func;
+       rp->vr_data = tinfo->vnt_data;
+       rp->vr_lastseq = 0;
+       rp->vr_flags = tinfo->vnt_flags & VNT_VALID_MASK;
+       if (external) {
+               rp->vr_flags |= VNT_EXTERNAL;
+       }
+
+       result = vnode_resolver_attach(vp, rp, external);
+       if (result != 0) {
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       if (mp) {
+               OSAddAtomic(1, &mp->mnt_numtriggers);
+       }
+
+       return (result);
+
+out:
+       FREE(rp, M_TEMP);
+       return result;
+}
+
+static void
+vnode_resolver_release(vnode_resolve_t rp)
+{
+       /*
+        * Give them a chance to free any private data
+        */
+       if (rp->vr_data && rp->vr_reclaim_func) {
+               rp->vr_reclaim_func(NULLVP, rp->vr_data);
+       }
+
+       lck_mtx_destroy(&rp->vr_lock, trigger_vnode_lck_grp);
+       FREE(rp, M_TEMP);
+
+}
+
+/* Called after the vnode has been drained */
+static void
+vnode_resolver_detach(vnode_t vp)
+{
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       mount_t mp;
+
+       mp = vnode_mount(vp);
+
+       vnode_lock(vp);
+       rp = vp->v_resolve;
+       vp->v_resolve = NULL;
+       vnode_unlock(vp);
+
+       if ((rp->vr_flags & VNT_EXTERNAL) != 0) {
+               vnode_rele_ext(vp, O_EVTONLY, 1);
+       } 
+
+       vnode_resolver_release(rp);
+       
+       /* Keep count of active trigger vnodes per mount */
+       OSAddAtomic(-1, &mp->mnt_numtriggers);  
+}
+
+/*
+ * Pathname operations that don't trigger a mount for trigger vnodes
+ */
+static const u_int64_t ignorable_pathops_mask =
+       1LL << OP_MOUNT |
+       1LL << OP_UNMOUNT |
+       1LL << OP_STATFS |
+       1LL << OP_ACCESS |
+       1LL << OP_GETATTR |
+       1LL << OP_LISTXATTR;
+
+int
+vfs_istraditionaltrigger(enum path_operation op, const struct componentname *cnp)
+{
+       if (cnp->cn_flags & ISLASTCN)
+               return ((1LL << op) & ignorable_pathops_mask) == 0;
+       else
+               return (1);
+}
+
+__private_extern__
+void
+vnode_trigger_rearm(vnode_t vp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       resolver_result_t result;
+       enum resolver_status status;
+       uint32_t seq;
+
+       if ((vp->v_resolve == NULL) ||
+           (vp->v_resolve->vr_rearm_func == NULL) ||
+           (vp->v_resolve->vr_flags & VNT_AUTO_REARM) == 0) {
+               return;
+       }
+
+       rp = vp->v_resolve;
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
+       /*
+        * Check if VFS initiated this unmount. If so, we'll catch it after the unresolve completes.
+        */
+       if (rp->vr_flags & VNT_VFS_UNMOUNTED) {
+               lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* Check if this vnode is already armed */
+       if ((rp->vr_flags & VNT_RESOLVED) == 0) {
+               lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
+       result = rp->vr_rearm_func(vp, 0, rp->vr_data, ctx);
+       status = vfs_resolver_status(result);
+       seq = vfs_resolver_sequence(result);
+
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
+       if (seq > rp->vr_lastseq) {
+               if (status == RESOLVER_UNRESOLVED)
+                       rp->vr_flags &= ~VNT_RESOLVED;
+               rp->vr_lastseq = seq;
+       }
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+}
+
+__private_extern__
+int
+vnode_trigger_resolve(vnode_t vp, struct nameidata *ndp, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       enum path_operation op;
+       resolver_result_t result;
+       enum resolver_status status;
+       uint32_t seq;
+
+       /* Only trigger on topmost vnodes */
+       if ((vp->v_resolve == NULL) ||
+           (vp->v_resolve->vr_resolve_func == NULL) ||
+           (vp->v_mountedhere != NULL)) {
+               return (0);
+       }
+
+       rp = vp->v_resolve;
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
+       /* Check if this vnode is already resolved */
+       if (rp->vr_flags & VNT_RESOLVED) {
+               lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+               return (0);
+       }
+
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
+       /*
+        * XXX
+        * assumes that resolver will not access this trigger vnode (otherwise the kernel will deadlock)
+        * is there anyway to know this???
+        * there can also be other legitimate lookups in parallel
+        *
+        * XXX - should we call this on a separate thread with a timeout?
+        * 
+        * XXX - should we use ISLASTCN to pick the op value???  Perhaps only leafs should
+        * get the richer set and non-leafs should get generic OP_LOOKUP?  TBD
+        */
+       op = (ndp->ni_op < OP_MAXOP) ? ndp->ni_op: OP_LOOKUP;
+
+       result = rp->vr_resolve_func(vp, &ndp->ni_cnd, op, 0, rp->vr_data, ctx);
+       status = vfs_resolver_status(result);
+       seq = vfs_resolver_sequence(result);
+
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
+       if (seq > rp->vr_lastseq) {
+               if (status == RESOLVER_RESOLVED)
+                       rp->vr_flags |= VNT_RESOLVED;
+               rp->vr_lastseq = seq;
+       }
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
+       /* On resolver errors, propagate the error back up */
+       return (status == RESOLVER_ERROR ? vfs_resolver_auxiliary(result) : 0);
+}
+
+static int
+vnode_trigger_unresolve(vnode_t vp, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       vnode_resolve_t rp;
+       resolver_result_t result;
+       enum resolver_status status;
+       uint32_t seq;
+
+       if ((vp->v_resolve == NULL) || (vp->v_resolve->vr_unresolve_func == NULL)) {
+               return (0);
+       }
+
+       rp = vp->v_resolve;
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
+       /* Check if this vnode is already resolved */
+       if ((rp->vr_flags & VNT_RESOLVED) == 0) {
+               printf("vnode_trigger_unresolve: not currently resolved\n");
+               lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+               return (0);
+       }
+
+       rp->vr_flags |= VNT_VFS_UNMOUNTED;
+
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
+       /*
+        * XXX
+        * assumes that resolver will not access this trigger vnode (otherwise the kernel will deadlock)
+        * there can also be other legitimate lookups in parallel
+        *
+        * XXX - should we call this on a separate thread with a timeout?
+        */
+
+       result = rp->vr_unresolve_func(vp, flags, rp->vr_data, ctx);
+       status = vfs_resolver_status(result);
+       seq = vfs_resolver_sequence(result);
+
+       lck_mtx_lock(&rp->vr_lock);
+       if (seq > rp->vr_lastseq) {
+               if (status == RESOLVER_UNRESOLVED)
+                       rp->vr_flags &= ~VNT_RESOLVED;
+               rp->vr_lastseq = seq;
+       }
+       rp->vr_flags &= ~VNT_VFS_UNMOUNTED;
+       lck_mtx_unlock(&rp->vr_lock);
+
+       /* On resolver errors, propagate the error back up */
+       return (status == RESOLVER_ERROR ? vfs_resolver_auxiliary(result) : 0);
+}
+
+static int
+triggerisdescendant(mount_t mp, mount_t rmp)
+{
+       int match = FALSE;
+
+       /*
+        * walk up vnode covered chain looking for a match
+        */
+       name_cache_lock_shared();
+
+       while (1) {
+               vnode_t vp;
+
+               /* did we encounter "/" ? */
+               if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_ROOTFS)
+                       break;
+
+               vp = mp->mnt_vnodecovered;
+               if (vp == NULLVP)
+                       break;
+
+               mp = vp->v_mount;
+               if (mp == rmp) {
+                       match = TRUE;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       name_cache_unlock();
+
+       return (match);
+}
+
+struct trigger_unmount_info {
+       vfs_context_t   ctx;
+       mount_t         top_mp;
+       vnode_t         trigger_vp;
+       mount_t         trigger_mp;
+       uint32_t        trigger_vid;
+       int             flags;
+};
+
+static int
+trigger_unmount_callback(mount_t mp, void * arg)
+{
+       struct trigger_unmount_info * infop = (struct trigger_unmount_info *)arg;
+       boolean_t mountedtrigger = FALSE;
+
+       /*
+        * When we encounter the top level mount we're done
+        */
+       if (mp == infop->top_mp)
+               return (VFS_RETURNED_DONE);
+
+       if ((mp->mnt_vnodecovered == NULL) ||
+           (vnode_getwithref(mp->mnt_vnodecovered) != 0)) {
+               return (VFS_RETURNED);
+       }
+
+       if ((mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_mountedhere == mp) &&
+           (mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_resolve != NULL) &&
+           (mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_resolve->vr_flags & VNT_RESOLVED)) {
+               mountedtrigger = TRUE;
+       }
+       vnode_put(mp->mnt_vnodecovered);
+
+       /*
+        * When we encounter a mounted trigger, check if its under the top level mount
+        */
+       if ( !mountedtrigger || !triggerisdescendant(mp, infop->top_mp) )
+               return (VFS_RETURNED);
+
+       /*
+        * Process any pending nested mount (now that its not referenced)
+        */
+       if ((infop->trigger_vp != NULLVP) &&
+           (vnode_getwithvid(infop->trigger_vp, infop->trigger_vid) == 0)) {
+               vnode_t vp = infop->trigger_vp;
+               int error;
+
+               infop->trigger_vp = NULLVP;
+               
+               if (mp == vp->v_mountedhere) {
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+                       printf("trigger_unmount_callback: unexpected match '%s'\n",
+                               mp->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname);
+                       return (VFS_RETURNED);
+               }
+               if (infop->trigger_mp != vp->v_mountedhere) {
+                       vnode_put(vp);
+                       printf("trigger_unmount_callback: trigger mnt changed! (%p != %p)\n",
+                               infop->trigger_mp, vp->v_mountedhere);
+                       goto savenext;
+               }
+
+               error = vnode_trigger_unresolve(vp, infop->flags, infop->ctx);
+               vnode_put(vp);
+               if (error) {
+                       printf("unresolving: '%s', err %d\n",
+                               vp->v_mountedhere ? vp->v_mountedhere->mnt_vfsstat.f_mntonname :
+                               "???", error);
+                       return (VFS_RETURNED_DONE); /* stop iteration on errors */
+               }
+       }
+savenext:
+       /*
+        * We can't call resolver here since we hold a mount iter
+        * ref on mp so save its covered vp for later processing
+        */
+       infop->trigger_vp = mp->mnt_vnodecovered;
+       if ((infop->trigger_vp != NULLVP) &&
+           (vnode_getwithref(infop->trigger_vp) == 0)) {
+               if (infop->trigger_vp->v_mountedhere == mp) {
+                       infop->trigger_vid = infop->trigger_vp->v_id;
+                       infop->trigger_mp = mp;
+               }
+               vnode_put(infop->trigger_vp);
+       }
+
+       return (VFS_RETURNED);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Attempt to unmount any trigger mounts nested underneath a mount.
+ * This is a best effort attempt and no retries are performed here.
+ *
+ * Note: mp->mnt_rwlock is held exclusively on entry (so be carefull)
+ */
+__private_extern__
+void
+vfs_nested_trigger_unmounts(mount_t mp, int flags, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       struct trigger_unmount_info info;
+
+       /* Must have trigger vnodes */
+       if (mp->mnt_numtriggers == 0) {
+               return;
+       }
+       /* Avoid recursive requests (by checking covered vnode) */
+       if ((mp->mnt_vnodecovered != NULL) &&
+           (vnode_getwithref(mp->mnt_vnodecovered) == 0)) {
+               boolean_t recursive = FALSE;
+
+               if ((mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_mountedhere == mp) &&
+                   (mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_resolve != NULL) &&
+                   (mp->mnt_vnodecovered->v_resolve->vr_flags & VNT_VFS_UNMOUNTED)) {
+                       recursive = TRUE;
+               }
+               vnode_put(mp->mnt_vnodecovered);
+               if (recursive)
+                       return;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Attempt to unmount any nested trigger mounts (best effort)
+        */
+       info.ctx = ctx;
+       info.top_mp = mp;
+       info.trigger_vp = NULLVP;
+       info.trigger_vid = 0;
+       info.trigger_mp = NULL;
+       info.flags = flags;
+
+       (void) vfs_iterate(VFS_ITERATE_TAIL_FIRST, trigger_unmount_callback, &info);
+
+       /*
+        * Process remaining nested mount (now that its not referenced)
+        */
+       if ((info.trigger_vp != NULLVP) &&
+           (vnode_getwithvid(info.trigger_vp, info.trigger_vid) == 0)) {
+               vnode_t vp = info.trigger_vp;
+
+               if (info.trigger_mp == vp->v_mountedhere) {
+                       (void) vnode_trigger_unresolve(vp, flags, ctx);
+               }
+               vnode_put(vp);
+       }
+}
+
+int
+vfs_addtrigger(mount_t mp, const char *relpath, struct vnode_trigger_info *vtip, vfs_context_t ctx)
+{
+       struct nameidata nd;
+       int res;
+       vnode_t rvp, vp;
+       struct vnode_trigger_param vtp;
+       
+       /* 
+        * Must be called for trigger callback, wherein rwlock is held 
+        */
+       lck_rw_assert(&mp->mnt_rwlock, LCK_RW_ASSERT_HELD);
+
+       TRIG_LOG("Adding trigger at %s\n", relpath);
+       TRIG_LOG("Trying VFS_ROOT\n");
+
+       /* 
+        * We do a lookup starting at the root of the mountpoint, unwilling
+        * to cross into other mountpoints.
+        */
+       res = VFS_ROOT(mp, &rvp, ctx);
+       if (res != 0) {
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       TRIG_LOG("Trying namei\n");
+
+       NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, OP_LOOKUP, USEDVP | NOCROSSMOUNT | FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE,
+               CAST_USER_ADDR_T(relpath), ctx);
+       nd.ni_dvp = rvp;
+       res = namei(&nd);
+       if (res != 0) {
+               vnode_put(rvp);
+               goto out;
+       }
+       
+       vp = nd.ni_vp;
+       nameidone(&nd);
+       vnode_put(rvp);
+
+       TRIG_LOG("Trying vnode_resolver_create()\n");
+
+       /* 
+        * Set up blob.  vnode_create() takes a larger structure
+        * with creation info, and we needed something different
+        * for this case.  One needs to win, or we need to munge both;
+        * vnode_create() wins.
+        */
+       bzero(&vtp, sizeof(vtp));
+       vtp.vnt_resolve_func = vtip->vti_resolve_func;
+       vtp.vnt_unresolve_func = vtip->vti_unresolve_func;
+       vtp.vnt_rearm_func = vtip->vti_rearm_func;
+       vtp.vnt_reclaim_func = vtip->vti_reclaim_func;
+       vtp.vnt_reclaim_func = vtip->vti_reclaim_func;
+       vtp.vnt_data = vtip->vti_data;
+       vtp.vnt_flags = vtip->vti_flags;
+
+       res = vnode_resolver_create(mp, vp, &vtp, TRUE);
+       vnode_put(vp);
+out:
+       TRIG_LOG("Returning %d\n", res);
+       return res;
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_TRIGGERS */