/*
- * Copyright (c) 2000-2002 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000-2010 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
*
- * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
- *
- * Copyright (c) 1999-2003 Apple Computer, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
*
* This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
* as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
* Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
- * compliance with the License. Please obtain a copy of the License at
- * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this
- * file.
+ * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
+ * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
+ * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
+ * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
+ * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
+ *
+ * Please obtain a copy of the License at
+ * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
*
* The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
* distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
* Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
* limitations under the License.
*
- * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
+ * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
*/
/*
* Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, NeXT, Inc.
* 21-Jul-88 Avadis Tevanian, Jr. (avie) at NeXT
* Started.
*/
+
#include <sys/param.h>
-#include <sys/vnode.h>
+#include <sys/vnode_internal.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <sys/namei.h>
-#include <sys/proc.h>
+#include <sys/proc_internal.h>
+#include <sys/kauth.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
-#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/mount_internal.h>
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
-#include <sys/ubc.h>
+#include <sys/ubc_internal.h>
+#include <sys/imgact.h>
+#include <sys/codesign.h>
+#include <sys/proc_uuid_policy.h>
+#include <sys/reason.h>
+#include <sys/kdebug.h>
#include <mach/mach_types.h>
+#include <mach/vm_map.h> /* vm_allocate() */
+#include <mach/mach_vm.h> /* mach_vm_allocate() */
+#include <mach/vm_statistics.h>
+#include <mach/task.h>
+#include <mach/thread_act.h>
+#include <machine/vmparam.h>
+#include <machine/exec.h>
+#include <machine/pal_routines.h>
+
+#include <kern/kern_types.h>
+#include <kern/cpu_number.h>
#include <kern/mach_loader.h>
+#include <kern/mach_fat.h>
+#include <kern/kalloc.h>
#include <kern/task.h>
+#include <kern/thread.h>
+#include <kern/page_decrypt.h>
#include <mach-o/fat.h>
#include <mach-o/loader.h>
-#include <kern/cpu_number.h>
-
+#include <vm/pmap.h>
#include <vm/vm_map.h>
#include <vm/vm_kern.h>
#include <vm/vm_pager.h>
#include <vm/vnode_pager.h>
-#include <mach/vm_statistics.h>
+#include <vm/vm_protos.h>
+#include <IOKit/IOReturn.h> /* for kIOReturnNotPrivileged */
-#include <mach/shared_memory_server.h>
-#include <vm/vm_shared_memory_server.h>
+#include <os/overflow.h>
-#include <machine/vmparam.h>
+/*
+ * XXX vm/pmap.h should not treat these prototypes as MACH_KERNEL_PRIVATE
+ * when KERNEL is defined.
+ */
+extern pmap_t pmap_create(ledger_t ledger, vm_map_size_t size,
+ boolean_t is_64bit);
+
+/* XXX should have prototypes in a shared header file */
+extern int get_map_nentries(vm_map_t);
+
+extern kern_return_t memory_object_signed(memory_object_control_t control,
+ boolean_t is_signed);
+
+/* An empty load_result_t */
+static const load_result_t load_result_null = {
+ .mach_header = MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS,
+ .entry_point = MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS,
+ .user_stack = MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS,
+ .user_stack_size = 0,
+ .user_stack_alloc = MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS,
+ .user_stack_alloc_size = 0,
+ .all_image_info_addr = MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS,
+ .all_image_info_size = 0,
+ .thread_count = 0,
+ .unixproc = 0,
+ .dynlinker = 0,
+ .needs_dynlinker = 0,
+ .validentry = 0,
+ .using_lcmain = 0,
+ .is64bit = 0,
+ .csflags = 0,
+ .has_pagezero = 0,
+ .uuid = { 0 },
+ .min_vm_addr = MACH_VM_MAX_ADDRESS,
+ .max_vm_addr = MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS,
+ .cs_end_offset = 0,
+ .threadstate = NULL,
+ .threadstate_sz = 0
+};
/*
* Prototypes of static functions.
*/
-static
-load_return_t
+static load_return_t
parse_machfile(
struct vnode *vp,
- vm_map_t map,
- thread_act_t thr_act,
+ vm_map_t map,
+ thread_t thread,
struct mach_header *header,
- unsigned long file_offset,
- unsigned long macho_size,
- int depth,
+ off_t file_offset,
+ off_t macho_size,
+ int depth,
+ int64_t slide,
+ int64_t dyld_slide,
load_result_t *result,
- boolean_t clean_regions
-),
+ load_result_t *binresult,
+ struct image_params *imgp
+);
+
+static load_return_t
load_segment(
- struct segment_command *scp,
- void * pager,
- unsigned long pager_offset,
- unsigned long macho_size,
- unsigned long end_of_file,
- vm_map_t map,
+ struct load_command *lcp,
+ uint32_t filetype,
+ void *control,
+ off_t pager_offset,
+ off_t macho_size,
+ struct vnode *vp,
+ vm_map_t map,
+ int64_t slide,
load_result_t *result
-),
-load_unixthread(
- struct thread_command *tcp,
- thread_act_t thr_act,
+);
+
+static load_return_t
+load_uuid(
+ struct uuid_command *uulp,
+ char *command_end,
load_result_t *result
-),
-load_thread(
+);
+
+static load_return_t
+load_code_signature(
+ struct linkedit_data_command *lcp,
+ struct vnode *vp,
+ off_t macho_offset,
+ off_t macho_size,
+ cpu_type_t cputype,
+ load_result_t *result,
+ struct image_params *imgp);
+
+#if CONFIG_CODE_DECRYPTION
+static load_return_t
+set_code_unprotect(
+ struct encryption_info_command *lcp,
+ caddr_t addr,
+ vm_map_t map,
+ int64_t slide,
+ struct vnode *vp,
+ off_t macho_offset,
+ cpu_type_t cputype,
+ cpu_subtype_t cpusubtype);
+#endif
+
+static
+load_return_t
+load_main(
+ struct entry_point_command *epc,
+ thread_t thread,
+ int64_t slide,
+ load_result_t *result
+);
+
+static load_return_t
+load_unixthread(
struct thread_command *tcp,
- thread_act_t thr_act,
+ thread_t thread,
+ int64_t slide,
load_result_t *result
-),
+);
+
+static load_return_t
load_threadstate(
thread_t thread,
- unsigned long *ts,
- unsigned long total_size
-),
+ uint32_t *ts,
+ uint32_t total_size,
+ load_result_t *
+);
+
+static load_return_t
load_threadstack(
thread_t thread,
- unsigned long *ts,
- unsigned long total_size,
- vm_offset_t *user_stack,
- int *customstack
-),
+ uint32_t *ts,
+ uint32_t total_size,
+ mach_vm_offset_t *user_stack,
+ int *customstack,
+ load_result_t *result
+);
+
+static load_return_t
load_threadentry(
thread_t thread,
- unsigned long *ts,
- unsigned long total_size,
- vm_offset_t *entry_point
-),
+ uint32_t *ts,
+ uint32_t total_size,
+ mach_vm_offset_t *entry_point
+);
+
+static load_return_t
load_dylinker(
struct dylinker_command *lcp,
- vm_map_t map,
- thread_act_t thr_act,
- int depth,
- load_result_t *result,
- boolean_t clean_regions
-),
+ integer_t archbits,
+ vm_map_t map,
+ thread_t thread,
+ int depth,
+ int64_t slide,
+ load_result_t *result,
+ struct image_params *imgp
+);
+
+struct macho_data;
+
+static load_return_t
get_macho_vnode(
char *path,
+ integer_t archbits,
struct mach_header *mach_header,
- unsigned long *file_offset,
- unsigned long *macho_size,
+ off_t *file_offset,
+ off_t *macho_size,
+ struct macho_data *macho_data,
struct vnode **vpp
);
+static inline void
+widen_segment_command(const struct segment_command *scp32,
+ struct segment_command_64 *scp)
+{
+ scp->cmd = scp32->cmd;
+ scp->cmdsize = scp32->cmdsize;
+ bcopy(scp32->segname, scp->segname, sizeof(scp->segname));
+ scp->vmaddr = scp32->vmaddr;
+ scp->vmsize = scp32->vmsize;
+ scp->fileoff = scp32->fileoff;
+ scp->filesize = scp32->filesize;
+ scp->maxprot = scp32->maxprot;
+ scp->initprot = scp32->initprot;
+ scp->nsects = scp32->nsects;
+ scp->flags = scp32->flags;
+}
+
+static void
+note_all_image_info_section(const struct segment_command_64 *scp,
+ boolean_t is64, size_t section_size, const void *sections,
+ int64_t slide, load_result_t *result)
+{
+ const union {
+ struct section s32;
+ struct section_64 s64;
+ } *sectionp;
+ unsigned int i;
+
+ if (strncmp(scp->segname, "__DATA", sizeof(scp->segname)) != 0)
+ return;
+ for (i = 0; i < scp->nsects; ++i) {
+ sectionp = (const void *)
+ ((const char *)sections + section_size * i);
+ if (0 == strncmp(sectionp->s64.sectname, "__all_image_info",
+ sizeof(sectionp->s64.sectname))) {
+ result->all_image_info_addr =
+ is64 ? sectionp->s64.addr : sectionp->s32.addr;
+ result->all_image_info_addr += slide;
+ result->all_image_info_size =
+ is64 ? sectionp->s64.size : sectionp->s32.size;
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
load_return_t
load_machfile(
- struct vnode *vp,
+ struct image_params *imgp,
struct mach_header *header,
- unsigned long file_offset,
- unsigned long macho_size,
- load_result_t *result,
- thread_act_t thr_act,
- vm_map_t new_map,
- boolean_t clean_regions
+ thread_t thread,
+ vm_map_t *mapp,
+ load_result_t *result
)
{
- pmap_t pmap;
+ struct vnode *vp = imgp->ip_vp;
+ off_t file_offset = imgp->ip_arch_offset;
+ off_t macho_size = imgp->ip_arch_size;
+ off_t file_size = imgp->ip_vattr->va_data_size;
+ pmap_t pmap = 0; /* protected by create_map */
vm_map_t map;
- vm_map_t old_map;
load_result_t myresult;
- kern_return_t kret;
load_return_t lret;
- boolean_t create_map = TRUE;
-#ifndef i386
- extern pmap_t pmap_create(vm_size_t size); /* XXX */
-#endif
-
- if (new_map != VM_MAP_NULL) {
- create_map = FALSE;
+ boolean_t enforce_hard_pagezero = TRUE;
+ int in_exec = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_EXEC);
+ task_t task = current_task();
+ proc_t p = current_proc();
+ mach_vm_offset_t aslr_offset = 0;
+ mach_vm_offset_t dyld_aslr_offset = 0;
+ kern_return_t kret;
+
+ if (macho_size > file_size) {
+ return(LOAD_BADMACHO);
}
- if (create_map) {
- old_map = current_map();
-#ifdef i386
- pmap = get_task_pmap(current_task());
- pmap_reference(pmap);
-#else
- pmap = pmap_create((vm_size_t) 0);
+ result->is64bit = ((imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT) == IMGPF_IS_64BIT);
+
+ task_t ledger_task;
+ if (imgp->ip_new_thread) {
+ ledger_task = get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread);
+ } else {
+ ledger_task = task;
+ }
+ pmap = pmap_create(get_task_ledger(ledger_task),
+ (vm_map_size_t) 0,
+ result->is64bit);
+ map = vm_map_create(pmap,
+ 0,
+ vm_compute_max_offset(result->is64bit),
+ TRUE);
+
+#if (__ARM_ARCH_7K__ >= 2) && defined(PLATFORM_WatchOS)
+ /* enforce 16KB alignment for watch targets with new ABI */
+ vm_map_set_page_shift(map, SIXTEENK_PAGE_SHIFT);
+#endif /* __arm64__ */
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_ENFORCE_SIGNED_CODE
+ /* This turns off faulting for executable pages, which allows
+ * to circumvent Code Signing Enforcement. The per process
+ * flag (CS_ENFORCEMENT) is not set yet, but we can use the
+ * global flag.
+ */
+ if ( !cs_enforcement(NULL) && (header->flags & MH_ALLOW_STACK_EXECUTION) )
+ vm_map_disable_NX(map);
#endif
- map = vm_map_create(pmap,
- get_map_min(old_map),
- get_map_max(old_map),
- TRUE); /**** FIXME ****/
- } else
- map = new_map;
-
+
+ /* Forcibly disallow execution from data pages on even if the arch
+ * normally permits it. */
+ if ((header->flags & MH_NO_HEAP_EXECUTION) && !(imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_ALLOW_DATA_EXEC))
+ vm_map_disallow_data_exec(map);
+
+ /*
+ * Compute a random offset for ASLR, and an independent random offset for dyld.
+ */
+ if (!(imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_DISABLE_ASLR)) {
+ uint64_t max_slide_pages;
+
+ max_slide_pages = vm_map_get_max_aslr_slide_pages(map);
+
+ aslr_offset = random();
+ aslr_offset %= max_slide_pages;
+ aslr_offset <<= vm_map_page_shift(map);
+
+ dyld_aslr_offset = random();
+ dyld_aslr_offset %= max_slide_pages;
+ dyld_aslr_offset <<= vm_map_page_shift(map);
+ }
+
if (!result)
result = &myresult;
- *result = (load_result_t) { 0 };
+ *result = load_result_null;
+
+ /*
+ * re-set the bitness on the load result since we cleared the load result above.
+ */
+ result->is64bit = ((imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT) == IMGPF_IS_64BIT);
- lret = parse_machfile(vp, map, thr_act, header, file_offset, macho_size,
- 0, result, clean_regions);
+ lret = parse_machfile(vp, map, thread, header, file_offset, macho_size,
+ 0, (int64_t)aslr_offset, (int64_t)dyld_aslr_offset, result,
+ NULL, imgp);
if (lret != LOAD_SUCCESS) {
- if (create_map) {
- vm_map_deallocate(map); /* will lose pmap reference too */
- }
+ vm_map_deallocate(map); /* will lose pmap reference too */
return(lret);
}
+#if __x86_64__
/*
- * Commit to new map. First make sure that the current
- * users of the task get done with it, and that we clean
- * up the old contents of IPC and memory. The task is
- * guaranteed to be single threaded upon return (us).
- *
- * Swap the new map for the old, which consumes our new map
- * reference but each leaves us responsible for the old_map reference.
- * That lets us get off the pmap associated with it, and
- * then we can release it.
+ * On x86, for compatibility, don't enforce the hard page-zero restriction for 32-bit binaries.
*/
- if (create_map) {
- task_halt(current_task());
-
- old_map = swap_task_map(current_task(), map);
-#ifndef i386
- pmap_switch(pmap); /* Make sure we are using the new pmap */
+ if (!result->is64bit) {
+ enforce_hard_pagezero = FALSE;
+ }
#endif
- vm_map_deallocate(old_map);
+ /*
+ * Check to see if the page zero is enforced by the map->min_offset.
+ */
+ if (enforce_hard_pagezero &&
+ (vm_map_has_hard_pagezero(map, 0x1000) == FALSE)) {
+ {
+ vm_map_deallocate(map); /* will lose pmap reference too */
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ }
+ }
+
+ vm_commit_pagezero_status(map);
+
+ /*
+ * If this is an exec, then we are going to destroy the old
+ * task, and it's correct to halt it; if it's spawn, the
+ * task is not yet running, and it makes no sense.
+ */
+ if (in_exec) {
+ /*
+ * Mark the task as halting and start the other
+ * threads towards terminating themselves. Then
+ * make sure any threads waiting for a process
+ * transition get informed that we are committed to
+ * this transition, and then finally complete the
+ * task halting (wait for threads and then cleanup
+ * task resources).
+ *
+ * NOTE: task_start_halt() makes sure that no new
+ * threads are created in the task during the transition.
+ * We need to mark the workqueue as exiting before we
+ * wait for threads to terminate (at the end of which
+ * we no longer have a prohibition on thread creation).
+ *
+ * Finally, clean up any lingering workqueue data structures
+ * that may have been left behind by the workqueue threads
+ * as they exited (and then clean up the work queue itself).
+ */
+ kret = task_start_halt(task);
+ if (kret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+ vm_map_deallocate(map); /* will lose pmap reference too */
+ return (LOAD_FAILURE);
+ }
+ proc_transcommit(p, 0);
+ workqueue_mark_exiting(p);
+ task_complete_halt(task);
+ workqueue_exit(p);
+ kqueue_dealloc(p->p_wqkqueue);
+ p->p_wqkqueue = NULL;
+ /*
+ * Roll up accounting info to new task. The roll up is done after
+ * task_complete_halt to make sure the thread accounting info is
+ * rolled up to current_task.
+ */
+ task_rollup_accounting_info(get_threadtask(thread), task);
}
+ *mapp = map;
return(LOAD_SUCCESS);
}
-int dylink_test = 1;
+int macho_printf = 0;
+#define MACHO_PRINTF(args) \
+ do { \
+ if (macho_printf) { \
+ printf args; \
+ } \
+ } while (0)
+/*
+ * The file size of a mach-o file is limited to 32 bits; this is because
+ * this is the limit on the kalloc() of enough bytes for a mach_header and
+ * the contents of its sizeofcmds, which is currently constrained to 32
+ * bits in the file format itself. We read into the kernel buffer the
+ * commands section, and then parse it in order to parse the mach-o file
+ * format load_command segment(s). We are only interested in a subset of
+ * the total set of possible commands. If "map"==VM_MAP_NULL or
+ * "thread"==THREAD_NULL, do not make permament VM modifications,
+ * just preflight the parse.
+ */
static
load_return_t
parse_machfile(
- struct vnode *vp,
+ struct vnode *vp,
vm_map_t map,
- thread_act_t thr_act,
+ thread_t thread,
struct mach_header *header,
- unsigned long file_offset,
- unsigned long macho_size,
+ off_t file_offset,
+ off_t macho_size,
int depth,
+ int64_t aslr_offset,
+ int64_t dyld_aslr_offset,
load_result_t *result,
- boolean_t clean_regions
+ load_result_t *binresult,
+ struct image_params *imgp
)
{
- struct machine_slot *ms;
- int ncmds;
- struct load_command *lcp, *next;
+ uint32_t ncmds;
+ struct load_command *lcp;
struct dylinker_command *dlp = 0;
- void * pager;
+ integer_t dlarchbits = 0;
+ void * control;
load_return_t ret = LOAD_SUCCESS;
- vm_offset_t addr, kl_addr;
+ caddr_t addr;
+ void * kl_addr;
vm_size_t size,kl_size;
- int offset;
+ size_t offset;
+ size_t oldoffset; /* for overflow check */
int pass;
- struct proc *p = current_proc(); /* XXXX */
+ proc_t p = current_proc(); /* XXXX */
int error;
- int resid=0;
- task_t task;
+ int resid = 0;
+ size_t mach_header_sz = sizeof(struct mach_header);
+ boolean_t abi64;
+ boolean_t got_code_signatures = FALSE;
+ boolean_t found_header_segment = FALSE;
+ boolean_t found_xhdr = FALSE;
+ int64_t slide = 0;
+ boolean_t dyld_no_load_addr = FALSE;
+ boolean_t is_dyld = FALSE;
+ vm_map_offset_t effective_page_mask = MAX(PAGE_MASK, vm_map_page_mask(map));
+
+ if (header->magic == MH_MAGIC_64 ||
+ header->magic == MH_CIGAM_64) {
+ mach_header_sz = sizeof(struct mach_header_64);
+ }
/*
* Break infinite recursion
*/
- if (depth > 6)
+ if (depth > 1) {
return(LOAD_FAILURE);
-
- task = (task_t)get_threadtask(thr_act);
+ }
depth++;
/*
* Check to see if right machine type.
*/
- ms = &machine_slot[cpu_number()];
- if ((header->cputype != ms->cpu_type) ||
- !check_cpu_subtype(header->cpusubtype))
+ if (((cpu_type_t)(header->cputype & ~CPU_ARCH_MASK) != (cpu_type() & ~CPU_ARCH_MASK)) ||
+ !grade_binary(header->cputype,
+ header->cpusubtype & ~CPU_SUBTYPE_MASK))
return(LOAD_BADARCH);
+ abi64 = ((header->cputype & CPU_ARCH_ABI64) == CPU_ARCH_ABI64);
+
switch (header->filetype) {
- case MH_OBJECT:
case MH_EXECUTE:
- case MH_PRELOAD:
- if (depth != 1)
- return (LOAD_FAILURE);
- break;
-
- case MH_FVMLIB:
- case MH_DYLIB:
- if (depth == 1)
+ if (depth != 1) {
return (LOAD_FAILURE);
- break;
+ }
+ break;
case MH_DYLINKER:
- if (depth != 2)
+ if (depth != 2) {
return (LOAD_FAILURE);
+ }
+ is_dyld = TRUE;
break;
default:
/*
* Get the pager for the file.
*/
- UBCINFOCHECK("parse_machfile", vp);
- pager = (void *) ubc_getpager(vp);
+ control = ubc_getobject(vp, UBC_FLAGS_NONE);
/*
* Map portion that must be accessible directly into
* kernel's map.
*/
- if ((sizeof (struct mach_header) + header->sizeofcmds) > macho_size)
+ if ((off_t)(mach_header_sz + header->sizeofcmds) > macho_size)
return(LOAD_BADMACHO);
/*
* Round size of Mach-O commands up to page boundry.
*/
- size = round_page_32(sizeof (struct mach_header) + header->sizeofcmds);
+ size = round_page(mach_header_sz + header->sizeofcmds);
if (size <= 0)
return(LOAD_BADMACHO);
addr = 0;
kl_size = size;
kl_addr = kalloc(size);
- addr = kl_addr;
+ addr = (caddr_t)kl_addr;
if (addr == NULL)
return(LOAD_NOSPACE);
- if(error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, vp, (caddr_t)addr, size, file_offset,
- UIO_SYSSPACE, 0, p->p_ucred, &resid, p)) {
- if (kl_addr )
+ error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, vp, addr, size, file_offset,
+ UIO_SYSSPACE, 0, kauth_cred_get(), &resid, p);
+ if (error) {
+ if (kl_addr)
kfree(kl_addr, kl_size);
return(LOAD_IOERROR);
}
- /* ubc_map(vp); */ /* NOT HERE */
-
+
+ if (resid) {
+ /* We must be able to read in as much as the mach_header indicated */
+ if (kl_addr)
+ kfree(kl_addr, kl_size);
+ return(LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ }
+
/*
- * Scan through the commands, processing each one as necessary.
+ * For PIE and dyld, slide everything by the ASLR offset.
*/
- for (pass = 1; pass <= 2; pass++) {
- offset = sizeof(struct mach_header);
+ if ((header->flags & MH_PIE) || is_dyld) {
+ slide = aslr_offset;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Scan through the commands, processing each one as necessary.
+ * We parse in three passes through the headers:
+ * 0: determine if TEXT and DATA boundary can be page-aligned
+ * 1: thread state, uuid, code signature
+ * 2: segments
+ * 3: dyld, encryption, check entry point
+ */
+
+ boolean_t slide_realign = FALSE;
+
+ for (pass = 0; pass <= 3; pass++) {
+
+ if (pass == 0 && !slide_realign && !is_dyld) {
+ /* if we dont need to realign the slide or determine dyld's load
+ * address, pass 0 can be skipped */
+ continue;
+ } else if (pass == 1) {
+
+ if (dyld_no_load_addr && binresult) {
+ /*
+ * The dyld Mach-O does not specify a load address. Try to locate
+ * it right after the main binary. If binresult == NULL, load
+ * directly to the given slide.
+ */
+ slide = vm_map_round_page(slide + binresult->max_vm_addr, effective_page_mask);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Check that the entry point is contained in an executable segments
+ */
+ if ((pass == 3) && (!result->using_lcmain && result->validentry == 0)) {
+ thread_state_initialize(thread);
+ ret = LOAD_FAILURE;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Check that some segment maps the start of the mach-o file, which is
+ * needed by the dynamic loader to read the mach headers, etc.
+ */
+ if ((pass == 3) && (found_header_segment == FALSE)) {
+ ret = LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Loop through each of the load_commands indicated by the
+ * Mach-O header; if an absurd value is provided, we just
+ * run off the end of the reserved section by incrementing
+ * the offset too far, so we are implicitly fail-safe.
+ */
+ offset = mach_header_sz;
ncmds = header->ncmds;
+
while (ncmds--) {
/*
* Get a pointer to the command.
*/
lcp = (struct load_command *)(addr + offset);
+ oldoffset = offset;
offset += lcp->cmdsize;
/*
- * Check for valid lcp pointer by checking
- * next offset.
+ * Perform prevalidation of the struct load_command
+ * before we attempt to use its contents. Invalid
+ * values are ones which result in an overflow, or
+ * which can not possibly be valid commands, or which
+ * straddle or exist past the reserved section at the
+ * start of the image.
*/
- if (offset > header->sizeofcmds
- + sizeof(struct mach_header)) {
- if (kl_addr )
- kfree(kl_addr, kl_size);
- return(LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ if (oldoffset > offset ||
+ lcp->cmdsize < sizeof(struct load_command) ||
+ offset > header->sizeofcmds + mach_header_sz) {
+ ret = LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ break;
}
/*
- * Check for valid command.
+ * Act on struct load_command's for which kernel
+ * intervention is required.
*/
switch(lcp->cmd) {
- case LC_SEGMENT:
- if (pass != 1)
+ case LC_SEGMENT: {
+ struct segment_command *scp = (struct segment_command *) lcp;
+
+ if (pass == 0) {
+ if (is_dyld && scp->vmaddr == 0 && scp->fileoff == 0) {
+ dyld_no_load_addr = TRUE;
+ if (!slide_realign) {
+ /* got what we need, bail early on pass 0 */
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (pass == 1 && !strncmp(scp->segname, "__XHDR", sizeof(scp->segname))) {
+ found_xhdr = TRUE;
+ }
+
+ if (pass != 2)
+ break;
+
+ if (abi64) {
+ /*
+ * Having an LC_SEGMENT command for the
+ * wrong ABI is invalid <rdar://problem/11021230>
+ */
+ ret = LOAD_BADMACHO;
break;
- ret = load_segment(
- (struct segment_command *) lcp,
- pager, file_offset,
- macho_size,
- (unsigned long)ubc_getsize(vp),
- map,
- result);
+ }
+
+ ret = load_segment(lcp,
+ header->filetype,
+ control,
+ file_offset,
+ macho_size,
+ vp,
+ map,
+ slide,
+ result);
+
+ if (ret == LOAD_SUCCESS && scp->fileoff == 0 && scp->filesize > 0) {
+ /* Enforce a single segment mapping offset zero, with R+X
+ * protection. */
+ if (found_header_segment ||
+ ((scp->initprot & (VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_EXECUTE)) != (VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_EXECUTE))) {
+ ret = LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ break;
+ }
+ found_header_segment = TRUE;
+ }
+
break;
- case LC_THREAD:
+ }
+ case LC_SEGMENT_64: {
+ struct segment_command_64 *scp64 = (struct segment_command_64 *) lcp;
+
+ if (pass == 0) {
+ if (is_dyld && scp64->vmaddr == 0 && scp64->fileoff == 0) {
+ dyld_no_load_addr = TRUE;
+ if (!slide_realign) {
+ /* got what we need, bail early on pass 0 */
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (pass == 1 && !strncmp(scp64->segname, "__XHDR", sizeof(scp64->segname))) {
+ found_xhdr = TRUE;
+ }
+
if (pass != 2)
break;
- ret = load_thread((struct thread_command *)lcp, thr_act,
- result);
+
+ if (!abi64) {
+ /*
+ * Having an LC_SEGMENT_64 command for the
+ * wrong ABI is invalid <rdar://problem/11021230>
+ */
+ ret = LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ ret = load_segment(lcp,
+ header->filetype,
+ control,
+ file_offset,
+ macho_size,
+ vp,
+ map,
+ slide,
+ result);
+
+ if (ret == LOAD_SUCCESS && scp64->fileoff == 0 && scp64->filesize > 0) {
+ /* Enforce a single segment mapping offset zero, with R+X
+ * protection. */
+ if (found_header_segment ||
+ ((scp64->initprot & (VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_EXECUTE)) != (VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_EXECUTE))) {
+ ret = LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ break;
+ }
+ found_header_segment = TRUE;
+ }
+
break;
+ }
case LC_UNIXTHREAD:
- if (pass != 2)
+ if (pass != 1)
break;
ret = load_unixthread(
- (struct thread_command *) lcp, thr_act,
+ (struct thread_command *) lcp,
+ thread,
+ slide,
+ result);
+ break;
+ case LC_MAIN:
+ if (pass != 1)
+ break;
+ if (depth != 1)
+ break;
+ ret = load_main(
+ (struct entry_point_command *) lcp,
+ thread,
+ slide,
result);
break;
case LC_LOAD_DYLINKER:
- if (pass != 2)
+ if (pass != 3)
break;
- if ((depth == 1) && (dlp == 0))
+ if ((depth == 1) && (dlp == 0)) {
dlp = (struct dylinker_command *)lcp;
- else
+ dlarchbits = (header->cputype & CPU_ARCH_MASK);
+ } else {
ret = LOAD_FAILURE;
+ }
break;
+ case LC_UUID:
+ if (pass == 1 && depth == 1) {
+ ret = load_uuid((struct uuid_command *) lcp,
+ (char *)addr + mach_header_sz + header->sizeofcmds,
+ result);
+ }
+ break;
+ case LC_CODE_SIGNATURE:
+ /* CODE SIGNING */
+ if (pass != 1)
+ break;
+ /* pager -> uip ->
+ load signatures & store in uip
+ set VM object "signed_pages"
+ */
+ ret = load_code_signature(
+ (struct linkedit_data_command *) lcp,
+ vp,
+ file_offset,
+ macho_size,
+ header->cputype,
+ result,
+ imgp);
+ if (ret != LOAD_SUCCESS) {
+ printf("proc %d: load code signature error %d "
+ "for file \"%s\"\n",
+ p->p_pid, ret, vp->v_name);
+ /*
+ * Allow injections to be ignored on devices w/o enforcement enabled
+ */
+ if (!cs_enforcement(NULL))
+ ret = LOAD_SUCCESS; /* ignore error */
+
+ } else {
+ got_code_signatures = TRUE;
+ }
+
+ if (got_code_signatures) {
+ unsigned tainted = CS_VALIDATE_TAINTED;
+ boolean_t valid = FALSE;
+ vm_size_t off = 0;
+
+
+ if (cs_debug > 10)
+ printf("validating initial pages of %s\n", vp->v_name);
+
+ while (off < size && ret == LOAD_SUCCESS) {
+ tainted = CS_VALIDATE_TAINTED;
+
+ valid = cs_validate_range(vp,
+ NULL,
+ file_offset + off,
+ addr + off,
+ PAGE_SIZE,
+ &tainted);
+ if (!valid || (tainted & CS_VALIDATE_TAINTED)) {
+ if (cs_debug)
+ printf("CODE SIGNING: %s[%d]: invalid initial page at offset %lld validated:%d tainted:%d csflags:0x%x\n",
+ vp->v_name, p->p_pid, (long long)(file_offset + off), valid, tainted, result->csflags);
+ if (cs_enforcement(NULL) ||
+ (result->csflags & (CS_HARD|CS_KILL|CS_ENFORCEMENT))) {
+ ret = LOAD_FAILURE;
+ }
+ result->csflags &= ~CS_VALID;
+ }
+ off += PAGE_SIZE;
+ }
+ }
+
+ break;
+#if CONFIG_CODE_DECRYPTION
+ case LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO:
+ case LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO_64:
+ if (pass != 3)
+ break;
+ ret = set_code_unprotect(
+ (struct encryption_info_command *) lcp,
+ addr, map, slide, vp, file_offset,
+ header->cputype, header->cpusubtype);
+ if (ret != LOAD_SUCCESS) {
+ os_reason_t load_failure_reason = OS_REASON_NULL;
+ printf("proc %d: set_code_unprotect() error %d "
+ "for file \"%s\"\n",
+ p->p_pid, ret, vp->v_name);
+ /*
+ * Don't let the app run if it's
+ * encrypted but we failed to set up the
+ * decrypter. If the keys are missing it will
+ * return LOAD_DECRYPTFAIL.
+ */
+ if (ret == LOAD_DECRYPTFAIL) {
+ /* failed to load due to missing FP keys */
+ proc_lock(p);
+ p->p_lflag |= P_LTERM_DECRYPTFAIL;
+ proc_unlock(p);
+
+ KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+ p->p_pid, OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_FAIRPLAY_DECRYPT, 0, 0);
+ load_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_FAIRPLAY_DECRYPT);
+ } else {
+
+ KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+ p->p_pid, OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_DECRYPT, 0, 0);
+ load_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_DECRYPT);
+ }
+
+ assert(load_failure_reason != OS_REASON_NULL);
+ psignal_with_reason(p, SIGKILL, load_failure_reason);
+ }
+ break;
+#endif
default:
- ret = LOAD_SUCCESS;/* ignore other stuff */
+ /* Other commands are ignored by the kernel */
+ ret = LOAD_SUCCESS;
+ break;
}
if (ret != LOAD_SUCCESS)
break;
if (ret != LOAD_SUCCESS)
break;
}
- if ((ret == LOAD_SUCCESS) && (depth == 1)) {
- vm_offset_t addr;
- shared_region_mapping_t shared_region;
- struct shared_region_task_mappings map_info;
- shared_region_mapping_t next;
-
-RedoLookup:
- vm_get_shared_region(task, &shared_region);
- map_info.self = (vm_offset_t)shared_region;
- shared_region_mapping_info(shared_region,
- &(map_info.text_region),
- &(map_info.text_size),
- &(map_info.data_region),
- &(map_info.data_size),
- &(map_info.region_mappings),
- &(map_info.client_base),
- &(map_info.alternate_base),
- &(map_info.alternate_next),
- &(map_info.fs_base),
- &(map_info.system),
- &(map_info.flags), &next);
-
- if((map_info.flags & SHARED_REGION_FULL) ||
- (map_info.flags & SHARED_REGION_STALE)) {
- shared_region_mapping_t system_region;
- system_region = lookup_default_shared_region(
- map_info.fs_base, map_info.system);
- if((map_info.self != (vm_offset_t)system_region) &&
- (map_info.flags & SHARED_REGION_SYSTEM)) {
- if(system_region == NULL) {
- shared_file_boot_time_init(
- map_info.fs_base, map_info.system);
- } else {
- vm_set_shared_region(task, system_region);
- }
- shared_region_mapping_dealloc(
- (shared_region_mapping_t)map_info.self);
- goto RedoLookup;
- } else if (map_info.flags & SHARED_REGION_SYSTEM) {
- shared_region_mapping_dealloc(system_region);
- shared_file_boot_time_init(
- map_info.fs_base, map_info.system);
- shared_region_mapping_dealloc(
- (shared_region_mapping_t)map_info.self);
+
+ if (ret == LOAD_SUCCESS) {
+ if (! got_code_signatures) {
+ if (cs_enforcement(NULL)) {
+ ret = LOAD_FAILURE;
} else {
- shared_region_mapping_dealloc(system_region);
+ /*
+ * No embedded signatures: look for detached by taskgated,
+ * this is only done on OSX, on embedded platforms we expect everything
+ * to be have embedded signatures.
+ */
+ struct cs_blob *blob;
+
+ blob = ubc_cs_blob_get(vp, -1, file_offset);
+ if (blob != NULL) {
+ unsigned int cs_flag_data = blob->csb_flags;
+ if(0 != ubc_cs_generation_check(vp)) {
+ if (0 != ubc_cs_blob_revalidate(vp, blob, imgp, 0)) {
+ /* clear out the flag data if revalidation fails */
+ cs_flag_data = 0;
+ result->csflags &= ~CS_VALID;
+ }
+ }
+ /* get flags to be applied to the process */
+ result->csflags |= cs_flag_data;
+ }
}
}
+ /* Make sure if we need dyld, we got it */
+ if (result->needs_dynlinker && !dlp) {
+ ret = LOAD_FAILURE;
+ }
- if (dylink_test) {
- p->p_flag |= P_NOSHLIB; /* no shlibs in use */
- addr = map_info.client_base;
- if(clean_regions) {
- vm_map(map, &addr, map_info.text_size,
- 0, SHARED_LIB_ALIAS,
- map_info.text_region, 0, FALSE,
- VM_PROT_READ, VM_PROT_READ, VM_INHERIT_SHARE);
- } else {
- vm_map(map, &addr, map_info.text_size, 0,
- (VM_MEMORY_SHARED_PMAP << 24)
- | SHARED_LIB_ALIAS,
- map_info.text_region, 0, FALSE,
- VM_PROT_READ, VM_PROT_READ, VM_INHERIT_SHARE);
- }
- addr = map_info.client_base + map_info.text_size;
- vm_map(map, &addr, map_info.data_size,
- 0, SHARED_LIB_ALIAS,
- map_info.data_region, 0, TRUE,
- VM_PROT_READ, VM_PROT_READ, VM_INHERIT_SHARE);
-
- while (next) {
- /* this should be fleshed out for the general case */
- /* but this is not necessary for now. Indeed we */
- /* are handling the com page inside of the */
- /* shared_region mapping create calls for now for */
- /* simplicities sake. If more general support is */
- /* needed the code to manipulate the shared range */
- /* chain can be pulled out and moved to the callers*/
- shared_region_mapping_info(next,
- &(map_info.text_region),
- &(map_info.text_size),
- &(map_info.data_region),
- &(map_info.data_size),
- &(map_info.region_mappings),
- &(map_info.client_base),
- &(map_info.alternate_base),
- &(map_info.alternate_next),
- &(map_info.fs_base),
- &(map_info.system),
- &(map_info.flags), &next);
-
- addr = map_info.client_base;
- vm_map(map, &addr, map_info.text_size,
- 0, SHARED_LIB_ALIAS,
- map_info.text_region, 0, FALSE,
- VM_PROT_READ, VM_PROT_READ, VM_INHERIT_SHARE);
- }
+ if ((ret == LOAD_SUCCESS) && (dlp != 0)) {
+ /*
+ * load the dylinker, and slide it by the independent DYLD ASLR
+ * offset regardless of the PIE-ness of the main binary.
+ */
+ ret = load_dylinker(dlp, dlarchbits, map, thread, depth,
+ dyld_aslr_offset, result, imgp);
}
- if (dlp != 0) {
- ret = load_dylinker(dlp, map, thr_act,
- depth, result, clean_regions);
- }
+
+ if ((ret == LOAD_SUCCESS) && (depth == 1)) {
+ if (result->thread_count == 0) {
+ ret = LOAD_FAILURE;
+ }
+ }
}
- if (kl_addr )
+ if (ret == LOAD_BADMACHO && found_xhdr) {
+ ret = LOAD_BADMACHO_UPX;
+ }
+
+ if (kl_addr) {
kfree(kl_addr, kl_size);
+ }
- if ((ret == LOAD_SUCCESS) && (depth == 1) &&
- (result->thread_count == 0))
- ret = LOAD_FAILURE;
- if (ret == LOAD_SUCCESS)
- ubc_map(vp);
-
return(ret);
}
-static
-load_return_t
-load_segment(
- struct segment_command *scp,
- void * pager,
- unsigned long pager_offset,
- unsigned long macho_size,
- unsigned long end_of_file,
- vm_map_t map,
- load_result_t *result
-)
-{
- kern_return_t ret;
- vm_offset_t map_addr, map_offset;
- vm_size_t map_size, seg_size, delta_size;
- caddr_t tmp;
- vm_prot_t initprot;
- vm_prot_t maxprot;
+#if CONFIG_CODE_DECRYPTION
- /*
- * Make sure what we get from the file is really ours (as specified
- * by macho_size).
- */
- if (scp->fileoff + scp->filesize > macho_size)
- return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+#define APPLE_UNPROTECTED_HEADER_SIZE (3 * 4096)
- seg_size = round_page_32(scp->vmsize);
- if (seg_size == 0)
- return(KERN_SUCCESS);
+static load_return_t
+unprotect_dsmos_segment(
+ uint64_t file_off,
+ uint64_t file_size,
+ struct vnode *vp,
+ off_t macho_offset,
+ vm_map_t map,
+ vm_map_offset_t map_addr,
+ vm_map_size_t map_size)
+{
+ kern_return_t kr;
/*
- * Round sizes to page size.
+ * The first APPLE_UNPROTECTED_HEADER_SIZE bytes (from offset 0 of
+ * this part of a Universal binary) are not protected...
+ * The rest needs to be "transformed".
*/
- map_size = round_page_32(scp->filesize);
- map_addr = trunc_page_32(scp->vmaddr);
-
- map_offset = pager_offset + scp->fileoff;
+ if (file_off <= APPLE_UNPROTECTED_HEADER_SIZE &&
+ file_off + file_size <= APPLE_UNPROTECTED_HEADER_SIZE) {
+ /* it's all unprotected, nothing to do... */
+ kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
+ } else {
+ if (file_off <= APPLE_UNPROTECTED_HEADER_SIZE) {
+ /*
+ * We start mapping in the unprotected area.
+ * Skip the unprotected part...
+ */
+ vm_map_offset_t delta;
- if (map_size > 0) {
- initprot = (scp->initprot) & VM_PROT_ALL;
- maxprot = (scp->maxprot) & VM_PROT_ALL;
- /*
- * Map a copy of the file into the address space.
- */
- ret = vm_map(map,
- &map_addr, map_size, (vm_offset_t)0, FALSE,
- pager, map_offset, TRUE,
- initprot, maxprot,
- VM_INHERIT_DEFAULT);
- if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS)
- return(LOAD_NOSPACE);
-
- /*
- * If the file didn't end on a page boundary,
- * we need to zero the leftover.
- */
- delta_size = map_size - scp->filesize;
-#if FIXME
- if (delta_size > 0) {
- vm_offset_t tmp;
-
- ret = vm_allocate(kernel_map, &tmp, delta_size, TRUE);
- if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS)
- return(LOAD_RESOURCE);
-
- if (copyout(tmp, map_addr + scp->filesize,
- delta_size)) {
- (void) vm_deallocate(
- kernel_map, tmp, delta_size);
- return(LOAD_FAILURE);
- }
-
- (void) vm_deallocate(kernel_map, tmp, delta_size);
+ delta = APPLE_UNPROTECTED_HEADER_SIZE;
+ delta -= file_off;
+ map_addr += delta;
+ map_size -= delta;
}
-#endif /* FIXME */
- }
+ /* ... transform the rest of the mapping. */
+ struct pager_crypt_info crypt_info;
+ crypt_info.page_decrypt = dsmos_page_transform;
+ crypt_info.crypt_ops = NULL;
+ crypt_info.crypt_end = NULL;
+#pragma unused(vp, macho_offset)
+ crypt_info.crypt_ops = (void *)0x2e69cf40;
+ vm_map_offset_t crypto_backing_offset;
+ crypto_backing_offset = -1; /* i.e. use map entry's offset */
+#if VM_MAP_DEBUG_APPLE_PROTECT
+ if (vm_map_debug_apple_protect) {
+ struct proc *p;
+ p = current_proc();
+ printf("APPLE_PROTECT: %d[%s] map %p "
+ "[0x%llx:0x%llx] %s(%s)\n",
+ p->p_pid, p->p_comm, map,
+ (uint64_t) map_addr,
+ (uint64_t) (map_addr + map_size),
+ __FUNCTION__, vp->v_name);
+ }
+#endif /* VM_MAP_DEBUG_APPLE_PROTECT */
- /*
- * If the virtual size of the segment is greater
- * than the size from the file, we need to allocate
- * zero fill memory for the rest.
- */
- delta_size = seg_size - map_size;
- if (delta_size > 0) {
- vm_offset_t tmp = map_addr + map_size;
+ /* The DSMOS pager can only be used by apple signed code */
+ struct cs_blob * blob = csvnode_get_blob(vp, file_off);
+ if( blob == NULL || !blob->csb_platform_binary || blob->csb_platform_path)
+ {
+ return LOAD_FAILURE;
+ }
- ret = vm_allocate(map, &tmp, delta_size, FALSE);
- if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS)
- return(LOAD_NOSPACE);
+ kr = vm_map_apple_protected(map,
+ map_addr,
+ map_addr + map_size,
+ crypto_backing_offset,
+ &crypt_info);
}
+ if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+ return LOAD_FAILURE;
+ }
+ return LOAD_SUCCESS;
+}
+#else /* CONFIG_CODE_DECRYPTION */
+static load_return_t
+unprotect_dsmos_segment(
+ __unused uint64_t file_off,
+ __unused uint64_t file_size,
+ __unused struct vnode *vp,
+ __unused off_t macho_offset,
+ __unused vm_map_t map,
+ __unused vm_map_offset_t map_addr,
+ __unused vm_map_size_t map_size)
+{
+ return LOAD_SUCCESS;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_CODE_DECRYPTION */
+
+
+/*
+ * map_segment:
+ * Maps a Mach-O segment, taking care of mis-alignment (wrt the system
+ * page size) issues.
+ *
+ * The mapping might result in 1, 2 or 3 map entries:
+ * 1. for the first page, which could be overlap with the previous
+ * mapping,
+ * 2. for the center (if applicable),
+ * 3. for the last page, which could overlap with the next mapping.
+ *
+ * For each of those map entries, we might have to interpose a
+ * "fourk_pager" to deal with mis-alignment wrt the system page size,
+ * either in the mapping address and/or size or the file offset and/or
+ * size.
+ * The "fourk_pager" itself would be mapped with proper alignment
+ * wrt the system page size and would then be populated with the
+ * information about the intended mapping, with a "4KB" granularity.
+ */
+static kern_return_t
+map_segment(
+ vm_map_t map,
+ vm_map_offset_t vm_start,
+ vm_map_offset_t vm_end,
+ memory_object_control_t control,
+ vm_map_offset_t file_start,
+ vm_map_offset_t file_end,
+ vm_prot_t initprot,
+ vm_prot_t maxprot)
+{
+ int extra_vm_flags, cur_extra_vm_flags;
+ vm_map_offset_t cur_offset, cur_start, cur_end;
+ kern_return_t ret;
+ vm_map_offset_t effective_page_mask;
+
+ if (vm_end < vm_start ||
+ file_end < file_start) {
+ return LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ }
+ if (vm_end == vm_start ||
+ file_end == file_start) {
+ /* nothing to map... */
+ return LOAD_SUCCESS;
+ }
+
+ effective_page_mask = MAX(PAGE_MASK, vm_map_page_mask(map));
+
+ extra_vm_flags = 0;
+ if (vm_map_page_aligned(vm_start, effective_page_mask) &&
+ vm_map_page_aligned(vm_end, effective_page_mask) &&
+ vm_map_page_aligned(file_start, effective_page_mask) &&
+ vm_map_page_aligned(file_end, effective_page_mask)) {
+ /* all page-aligned and map-aligned: proceed */
+ } else {
+ panic("map_segment: unexpected mis-alignment "
+ "vm[0x%llx:0x%llx] file[0x%llx:0x%llx]\n",
+ (uint64_t) vm_start,
+ (uint64_t) vm_end,
+ (uint64_t) file_start,
+ (uint64_t) file_end);
+ }
+
+ cur_offset = 0;
+ cur_start = vm_start;
+ cur_end = vm_start;
+ if (cur_end >= vm_start + (file_end - file_start)) {
+ /* all mapped: done */
+ goto done;
+ }
+ if (vm_map_round_page(cur_end, effective_page_mask) >=
+ vm_map_trunc_page(vm_start + (file_end - file_start),
+ effective_page_mask)) {
+ /* no middle */
+ } else {
+ cur_start = cur_end;
+ if ((vm_start & effective_page_mask) !=
+ (file_start & effective_page_mask)) {
+ /* one 4K pager for the middle */
+ cur_extra_vm_flags = extra_vm_flags;
+ } else {
+ /* regular mapping for the middle */
+ cur_extra_vm_flags = 0;
+ }
+ cur_end = vm_map_trunc_page(vm_start + (file_end -
+ file_start),
+ effective_page_mask);
+ if (control != MEMORY_OBJECT_CONTROL_NULL) {
+ ret = vm_map_enter_mem_object_control(
+ map,
+ &cur_start,
+ cur_end - cur_start,
+ (mach_vm_offset_t)0,
+ VM_FLAGS_FIXED | cur_extra_vm_flags,
+ control,
+ file_start + cur_offset,
+ TRUE, /* copy */
+ initprot, maxprot,
+ VM_INHERIT_DEFAULT);
+ } else {
+ ret = vm_map_enter_mem_object(
+ map,
+ &cur_start,
+ cur_end - cur_start,
+ (mach_vm_offset_t)0,
+ VM_FLAGS_FIXED | cur_extra_vm_flags,
+ IPC_PORT_NULL,
+ 0, /* offset */
+ TRUE, /* copy */
+ initprot, maxprot,
+ VM_INHERIT_DEFAULT);
+ }
+ if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+ return (LOAD_NOSPACE);
+ }
+ cur_offset += cur_end - cur_start;
+ }
+ if (cur_end >= vm_start + (file_end - file_start)) {
+ /* all mapped: done */
+ goto done;
+ }
+ cur_start = cur_end;
+done:
+ assert(cur_end >= vm_start + (file_end - file_start));
+ return LOAD_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static
+load_return_t
+load_segment(
+ struct load_command *lcp,
+ uint32_t filetype,
+ void * control,
+ off_t pager_offset,
+ off_t macho_size,
+ struct vnode *vp,
+ vm_map_t map,
+ int64_t slide,
+ load_result_t *result)
+{
+ struct segment_command_64 segment_command, *scp;
+ kern_return_t ret;
+ vm_map_size_t delta_size;
+ vm_prot_t initprot;
+ vm_prot_t maxprot;
+ size_t segment_command_size, total_section_size,
+ single_section_size;
+ vm_map_offset_t file_offset, file_size;
+ vm_map_offset_t vm_offset, vm_size;
+ vm_map_offset_t vm_start, vm_end, vm_end_aligned;
+ vm_map_offset_t file_start, file_end;
+ kern_return_t kr;
+ boolean_t verbose;
+ vm_map_size_t effective_page_size;
+ vm_map_offset_t effective_page_mask;
+
+ effective_page_size = MAX(PAGE_SIZE, vm_map_page_size(map));
+ effective_page_mask = MAX(PAGE_MASK, vm_map_page_mask(map));
+
+ verbose = FALSE;
+ if (LC_SEGMENT_64 == lcp->cmd) {
+ segment_command_size = sizeof(struct segment_command_64);
+ single_section_size = sizeof(struct section_64);
+ } else {
+ segment_command_size = sizeof(struct segment_command);
+ single_section_size = sizeof(struct section);
+ }
+ if (lcp->cmdsize < segment_command_size)
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ total_section_size = lcp->cmdsize - segment_command_size;
+
+ if (LC_SEGMENT_64 == lcp->cmd) {
+ scp = (struct segment_command_64 *)lcp;
+ } else {
+ scp = &segment_command;
+ widen_segment_command((struct segment_command *)lcp, scp);
+ }
+
+ if (verbose) {
+ MACHO_PRINTF(("+++ load_segment %s "
+ "vm[0x%llx:0x%llx] file[0x%llx:0x%llx] "
+ "prot %d/%d flags 0x%x\n",
+ scp->segname,
+ (uint64_t)(slide + scp->vmaddr),
+ (uint64_t)(slide + scp->vmaddr + scp->vmsize),
+ pager_offset + scp->fileoff,
+ pager_offset + scp->fileoff + scp->filesize,
+ scp->initprot,
+ scp->maxprot,
+ scp->flags));
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Make sure what we get from the file is really ours (as specified
+ * by macho_size).
+ */
+ if (scp->fileoff + scp->filesize < scp->fileoff ||
+ scp->fileoff + scp->filesize > (uint64_t)macho_size) {
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ }
+ /*
+ * Ensure that the number of sections specified would fit
+ * within the load command size.
+ */
+ if (total_section_size / single_section_size < scp->nsects) {
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ }
/*
- * Set protection values. (Note: ignore errors!)
+ * Make sure the segment is page-aligned in the file.
*/
+ file_offset = pager_offset + scp->fileoff; /* limited to 32 bits */
+ file_size = scp->filesize;
+ if ((file_offset & PAGE_MASK_64) != 0 ||
+ /* we can't mmap() it if it's not page-aligned in the file */
+ (file_offset & vm_map_page_mask(map)) != 0) {
+ /*
+ * The 1st test would have failed if the system's page size
+ * was what this process believe is the page size, so let's
+ * fail here too for the sake of consistency.
+ */
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * If we have a code signature attached for this slice
+ * require that the segments are within the signed part
+ * of the file.
+ */
+ if (result->cs_end_offset &&
+ result->cs_end_offset < (off_t)scp->fileoff &&
+ result->cs_end_offset - scp->fileoff < scp->filesize)
+ {
+ if (cs_debug)
+ printf("section outside code signature\n");
+ return LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ }
+
+ vm_offset = scp->vmaddr + slide;
+ vm_size = scp->vmsize;
+
+ if (vm_size == 0)
+ return (LOAD_SUCCESS);
+ if (scp->vmaddr == 0 &&
+ file_size == 0 &&
+ vm_size != 0 &&
+ (scp->initprot & VM_PROT_ALL) == VM_PROT_NONE &&
+ (scp->maxprot & VM_PROT_ALL) == VM_PROT_NONE) {
+ /*
+ * For PIE, extend page zero rather than moving it. Extending
+ * page zero keeps early allocations from falling predictably
+ * between the end of page zero and the beginning of the first
+ * slid segment.
+ */
+ /*
+ * This is a "page zero" segment: it starts at address 0,
+ * is not mapped from the binary file and is not accessible.
+ * User-space should never be able to access that memory, so
+ * make it completely off limits by raising the VM map's
+ * minimum offset.
+ */
+ vm_end = vm_offset + vm_size;
+ if (vm_end < vm_offset) {
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ }
+ if (verbose) {
+ MACHO_PRINTF(("++++++ load_segment: "
+ "page_zero up to 0x%llx\n",
+ (uint64_t) vm_end));
+ }
+ {
+ vm_end = vm_map_round_page(vm_end,
+ PAGE_MASK_64);
+ vm_end_aligned = vm_end;
+ }
+ ret = vm_map_raise_min_offset(map,
+ vm_end_aligned);
+
+ if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+ return (LOAD_FAILURE);
+ }
+ return (LOAD_SUCCESS);
+ } else {
+ }
+
+ {
+ file_start = vm_map_trunc_page(file_offset,
+ effective_page_mask);
+ file_end = vm_map_round_page(file_offset + file_size,
+ effective_page_mask);
+ vm_start = vm_map_trunc_page(vm_offset,
+ effective_page_mask);
+ vm_end = vm_map_round_page(vm_offset + vm_size,
+ effective_page_mask);
+ }
+
+ if (vm_start < result->min_vm_addr)
+ result->min_vm_addr = vm_start;
+ if (vm_end > result->max_vm_addr)
+ result->max_vm_addr = vm_end;
+
+ if (map == VM_MAP_NULL)
+ return (LOAD_SUCCESS);
+
+ if (vm_size > 0) {
+ initprot = (scp->initprot) & VM_PROT_ALL;
+ maxprot = (scp->maxprot) & VM_PROT_ALL;
+ /*
+ * Map a copy of the file into the address space.
+ */
+ if (verbose) {
+ MACHO_PRINTF(("++++++ load_segment: "
+ "mapping at vm [0x%llx:0x%llx] of "
+ "file [0x%llx:0x%llx]\n",
+ (uint64_t) vm_start,
+ (uint64_t) vm_end,
+ (uint64_t) file_start,
+ (uint64_t) file_end));
+ }
+ ret = map_segment(map,
+ vm_start,
+ vm_end,
+ control,
+ file_start,
+ file_end,
+ initprot,
+ maxprot);
+ if (ret) {
+ return LOAD_NOSPACE;
+ }
+
+#if FIXME
+ /*
+ * If the file didn't end on a page boundary,
+ * we need to zero the leftover.
+ */
+ delta_size = map_size - scp->filesize;
+ if (delta_size > 0) {
+ mach_vm_offset_t tmp;
+
+ ret = mach_vm_allocate(kernel_map, &tmp, delta_size, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE| VM_MAKE_TAG(VM_KERN_MEMORY_BSD));
+ if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+ return(LOAD_RESOURCE);
+ }
+
+ if (copyout(tmp, map_addr + scp->filesize,
+ delta_size)) {
+ (void) mach_vm_deallocate(
+ kernel_map, tmp, delta_size);
+ return (LOAD_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ (void) mach_vm_deallocate(kernel_map, tmp, delta_size);
+ }
+#endif /* FIXME */
+ }
- if (scp->maxprot != VM_PROT_DEFAULT) {
- (void) vm_protect(map,
- map_addr, seg_size,
- TRUE, scp->maxprot);
+ /*
+ * If the virtual size of the segment is greater
+ * than the size from the file, we need to allocate
+ * zero fill memory for the rest.
+ */
+ if ((vm_end - vm_start) > (file_end - file_start)) {
+ delta_size = (vm_end - vm_start) - (file_end - file_start);
+ } else {
+ delta_size = 0;
}
- if (scp->initprot != VM_PROT_DEFAULT) {
- (void) vm_protect(map,
- map_addr, seg_size,
- FALSE, scp->initprot);
+ if (delta_size > 0) {
+ mach_vm_offset_t tmp;
+
+ tmp = vm_start + (file_end - file_start);
+ if (verbose) {
+ MACHO_PRINTF(("++++++ load_segment: "
+ "delta mapping vm [0x%llx:0x%llx]\n",
+ (uint64_t) tmp,
+ (uint64_t) (tmp + delta_size)));
+ }
+ kr = map_segment(map,
+ tmp,
+ tmp + delta_size,
+ MEMORY_OBJECT_CONTROL_NULL,
+ 0,
+ delta_size,
+ scp->initprot,
+ scp->maxprot);
+ if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+ return(LOAD_NOSPACE);
+ }
}
+
if ( (scp->fileoff == 0) && (scp->filesize != 0) )
- result->mach_header = map_addr;
- return(LOAD_SUCCESS);
+ result->mach_header = vm_offset;
+
+ if (scp->flags & SG_PROTECTED_VERSION_1) {
+ ret = unprotect_dsmos_segment(file_start,
+ file_end - file_start,
+ vp,
+ pager_offset,
+ map,
+ vm_start,
+ vm_end - vm_start);
+ if (ret != LOAD_SUCCESS) {
+ return ret;
+ }
+ } else {
+ ret = LOAD_SUCCESS;
+ }
+
+ if (LOAD_SUCCESS == ret &&
+ filetype == MH_DYLINKER &&
+ result->all_image_info_addr == MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS) {
+ note_all_image_info_section(scp,
+ LC_SEGMENT_64 == lcp->cmd,
+ single_section_size,
+ ((const char *)lcp +
+ segment_command_size),
+ slide,
+ result);
+ }
+
+ if (result->entry_point != MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS) {
+ if ((result->entry_point >= vm_offset) && (result->entry_point < (vm_offset + vm_size))) {
+ if ((scp->initprot & (VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_EXECUTE)) == (VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_EXECUTE)) {
+ result->validentry = 1;
+ } else {
+ /* right range but wrong protections, unset if previously validated */
+ result->validentry = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return ret;
}
static
load_return_t
-load_unixthread(
- struct thread_command *tcp,
- thread_act_t thread,
+load_uuid(
+ struct uuid_command *uulp,
+ char *command_end,
load_result_t *result
)
{
- load_return_t ret;
- int customstack =0;
+ /*
+ * We need to check the following for this command:
+ * - The command size should be atleast the size of struct uuid_command
+ * - The UUID part of the command should be completely within the mach-o header
+ */
+
+ if ((uulp->cmdsize < sizeof(struct uuid_command)) ||
+ (((char *)uulp + sizeof(struct uuid_command)) > command_end)) {
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ }
+
+ memcpy(&result->uuid[0], &uulp->uuid[0], sizeof(result->uuid));
+ return (LOAD_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+static
+load_return_t
+load_main(
+ struct entry_point_command *epc,
+ thread_t thread,
+ int64_t slide,
+ load_result_t *result
+)
+{
+ mach_vm_offset_t addr;
+ kern_return_t ret;
- if (result->thread_count != 0)
+ if (epc->cmdsize < sizeof(*epc))
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ if (result->thread_count != 0) {
return (LOAD_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ if (thread == THREAD_NULL)
+ return (LOAD_SUCCESS);
- ret = load_threadstack(thread,
- (unsigned long *)(((vm_offset_t)tcp) +
- sizeof(struct thread_command)),
- tcp->cmdsize - sizeof(struct thread_command),
- &result->user_stack,
- &customstack);
- if (ret != LOAD_SUCCESS)
- return(ret);
+ /*
+ * LC_MAIN specifies stack size but not location.
+ * Add guard page to allocation size (MAXSSIZ includes guard page).
+ */
+ if (epc->stacksize) {
+ if (os_add_overflow(epc->stacksize, 4*PAGE_SIZE, &result->user_stack_size)) {
+ /*
+ * We are going to immediately throw away this result, but we want
+ * to make sure we aren't loading a dangerously close to
+ * overflowing value, since this will have a guard page added to it
+ * and be rounded to page boundaries
+ */
+ return LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ }
+ result->user_stack_size = epc->stacksize;
+ if (os_add_overflow(epc->stacksize, PAGE_SIZE, &result->user_stack_alloc_size)) {
+ return LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ }
+ } else {
+ result->user_stack_alloc_size = MAXSSIZ;
+ }
- if (customstack)
- result->customstack = 1;
- else
- result->customstack = 0;
- ret = load_threadentry(thread,
- (unsigned long *)(((vm_offset_t)tcp) +
- sizeof(struct thread_command)),
- tcp->cmdsize - sizeof(struct thread_command),
- &result->entry_point);
- if (ret != LOAD_SUCCESS)
- return(ret);
+ /* use default location for stack */
+ ret = thread_userstackdefault(&addr, result->is64bit);
+ if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS)
+ return(LOAD_FAILURE);
- ret = load_threadstate(thread,
- (unsigned long *)(((vm_offset_t)tcp) +
- sizeof(struct thread_command)),
- tcp->cmdsize - sizeof(struct thread_command));
- if (ret != LOAD_SUCCESS)
- return (ret);
+ /* The stack slides down from the default location */
+ result->user_stack = addr;
+ result->user_stack -= slide;
+
+ if (result->using_lcmain || result->entry_point != MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS) {
+ /* Already processed LC_MAIN or LC_UNIXTHREAD */
+ return (LOAD_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ /* kernel does *not* use entryoff from LC_MAIN. Dyld uses it. */
+ result->needs_dynlinker = TRUE;
+ result->using_lcmain = TRUE;
+
+ ret = thread_state_initialize( thread );
+ if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+ return(LOAD_FAILURE);
+ }
result->unixproc = TRUE;
result->thread_count++;
return(LOAD_SUCCESS);
}
+
static
load_return_t
-load_thread(
+load_unixthread(
struct thread_command *tcp,
- thread_act_t thread,
+ thread_t thread,
+ int64_t slide,
load_result_t *result
)
{
- kern_return_t kret;
- load_return_t lret;
- task_t task;
- int customstack=0;
+ load_return_t ret;
+ int customstack =0;
+ mach_vm_offset_t addr;
+
+ if (tcp->cmdsize < sizeof(*tcp))
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ if (result->thread_count != 0) {
+ return (LOAD_FAILURE);
+ }
- task = get_threadtask(thread);
+ if (thread == THREAD_NULL)
+ return (LOAD_SUCCESS);
+
+ ret = load_threadstack(thread,
+ (uint32_t *)(((vm_offset_t)tcp) +
+ sizeof(struct thread_command)),
+ tcp->cmdsize - sizeof(struct thread_command),
+ &addr, &customstack, result);
+ if (ret != LOAD_SUCCESS)
+ return(ret);
- /* if count is 0; same as thr_act */
- if (result->thread_count != 0) {
- kret = thread_create(task, &thread);
- if (kret != KERN_SUCCESS)
- return(LOAD_RESOURCE);
- act_deallocate(thread);
+ /* LC_UNIXTHREAD optionally specifies stack size and location */
+
+ if (!customstack) {
+ result->user_stack_alloc_size = MAXSSIZ;
}
- lret = load_threadstate(thread,
- (unsigned long *)(((vm_offset_t)tcp) +
+ /* The stack slides down from the default location */
+ result->user_stack = addr;
+ result->user_stack -= slide;
+
+ ret = load_threadentry(thread,
+ (uint32_t *)(((vm_offset_t)tcp) +
sizeof(struct thread_command)),
- tcp->cmdsize - sizeof(struct thread_command));
- if (lret != LOAD_SUCCESS)
- return (lret);
-
- if (result->thread_count == 0) {
- lret = load_threadstack(thread,
- (unsigned long *)(((vm_offset_t)tcp) +
- sizeof(struct thread_command)),
- tcp->cmdsize - sizeof(struct thread_command),
- &result->user_stack,
- &customstack);
- if (customstack)
- result->customstack = 1;
- else
- result->customstack = 0;
-
- if (lret != LOAD_SUCCESS)
- return(lret);
+ tcp->cmdsize - sizeof(struct thread_command),
+ &addr);
+ if (ret != LOAD_SUCCESS)
+ return(ret);
- lret = load_threadentry(thread,
- (unsigned long *)(((vm_offset_t)tcp) +
- sizeof(struct thread_command)),
- tcp->cmdsize - sizeof(struct thread_command),
- &result->entry_point);
- if (lret != LOAD_SUCCESS)
- return(lret);
+ if (result->using_lcmain || result->entry_point != MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS) {
+ /* Already processed LC_MAIN or LC_UNIXTHREAD */
+ return (LOAD_FAILURE);
}
- /*
- * Resume thread now, note that this means that the thread
- * commands should appear after all the load commands to
- * be sure they don't reference anything not yet mapped.
- */
- else
- thread_resume(thread);
-
+
+ result->entry_point = addr;
+ result->entry_point += slide;
+
+ ret = load_threadstate(thread,
+ (uint32_t *)(((vm_offset_t)tcp) + sizeof(struct thread_command)),
+ tcp->cmdsize - sizeof(struct thread_command),
+ result);
+ if (ret != LOAD_SUCCESS)
+ return (ret);
+
+ result->unixproc = TRUE;
result->thread_count++;
return(LOAD_SUCCESS);
load_return_t
load_threadstate(
thread_t thread,
- unsigned long *ts,
- unsigned long total_size
+ uint32_t *ts,
+ uint32_t total_size,
+ load_result_t *result
)
{
- kern_return_t ret;
- unsigned long size;
+ uint32_t size;
int flavor;
+ uint32_t thread_size;
+ uint32_t *local_ts = NULL;
+ uint32_t local_ts_size = 0;
+ int ret;
+
+ (void)thread;
+
+ if (total_size > 0) {
+ local_ts_size = total_size;
+ local_ts = kalloc(local_ts_size);
+ if (local_ts == NULL) {
+ return LOAD_FAILURE;
+ }
+ memcpy(local_ts, ts, local_ts_size);
+ ts = local_ts;
+ }
/*
- * Set the thread state.
+ * Validate the new thread state; iterate through the state flavors in
+ * the Mach-O file.
+ * XXX: we should validate the machine state here, to avoid failing at
+ * activation time where we can't bail out cleanly.
*/
-
while (total_size > 0) {
flavor = *ts++;
size = *ts++;
- total_size -= (size+2)*sizeof(unsigned long);
- if (total_size < 0)
- return(LOAD_BADMACHO);
- ret = thread_setstatus(thread, flavor, ts, size);
- if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS)
- return(LOAD_FAILURE);
- ts += size; /* ts is a (unsigned long *) */
+
+ if (os_add_and_mul_overflow(size, 2, sizeof(uint32_t), &thread_size) ||
+ os_sub_overflow(total_size, thread_size, &total_size)) {
+ ret = LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ goto bad;
+ }
+
+ ts += size; /* ts is a (uint32_t *) */
}
- return(LOAD_SUCCESS);
+
+ result->threadstate = local_ts;
+ result->threadstate_sz = local_ts_size;
+ return LOAD_SUCCESS;
+
+bad:
+ if (local_ts) {
+ kfree(local_ts, local_ts_size);
+ }
+ return ret;
}
static
load_return_t
load_threadstack(
- thread_t thread,
- unsigned long *ts,
- unsigned long total_size,
- vm_offset_t *user_stack,
- int *customstack
+ thread_t thread,
+ uint32_t *ts,
+ uint32_t total_size,
+ mach_vm_offset_t *user_stack,
+ int *customstack,
+ load_result_t *result
)
{
kern_return_t ret;
- unsigned long size;
+ uint32_t size;
int flavor;
+ uint32_t stack_size;
while (total_size > 0) {
flavor = *ts++;
size = *ts++;
- total_size -= (size+2)*sizeof(unsigned long);
- if (total_size < 0)
+ if (UINT32_MAX-2 < size ||
+ UINT32_MAX/sizeof(uint32_t) < size+2)
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ stack_size = (size+2)*sizeof(uint32_t);
+ if (stack_size > total_size)
return(LOAD_BADMACHO);
- *user_stack = USRSTACK;
- ret = thread_userstack(thread, flavor, ts, size,
- user_stack, customstack);
- if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS)
+ total_size -= stack_size;
+
+ /*
+ * Third argument is a kernel space pointer; it gets cast
+ * to the appropriate type in thread_userstack() based on
+ * the value of flavor.
+ */
+ ret = thread_userstack(thread, flavor, (thread_state_t)ts, size, user_stack, customstack, result->is64bit);
+ if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
return(LOAD_FAILURE);
- ts += size; /* ts is a (unsigned long *) */
+ }
+ ts += size; /* ts is a (uint32_t *) */
}
return(LOAD_SUCCESS);
}
load_return_t
load_threadentry(
thread_t thread,
- unsigned long *ts,
- unsigned long total_size,
- vm_offset_t *entry_point
+ uint32_t *ts,
+ uint32_t total_size,
+ mach_vm_offset_t *entry_point
)
{
kern_return_t ret;
- unsigned long size;
+ uint32_t size;
int flavor;
+ uint32_t entry_size;
/*
* Set the thread state.
*/
- *entry_point = 0;
+ *entry_point = MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS;
while (total_size > 0) {
flavor = *ts++;
size = *ts++;
- total_size -= (size+2)*sizeof(unsigned long);
- if (total_size < 0)
+ if (UINT32_MAX-2 < size ||
+ UINT32_MAX/sizeof(uint32_t) < size+2)
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ entry_size = (size+2)*sizeof(uint32_t);
+ if (entry_size > total_size)
return(LOAD_BADMACHO);
- ret = thread_entrypoint(thread, flavor, ts, size, entry_point);
- if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS)
+ total_size -= entry_size;
+ /*
+ * Third argument is a kernel space pointer; it gets cast
+ * to the appropriate type in thread_entrypoint() based on
+ * the value of flavor.
+ */
+ ret = thread_entrypoint(thread, flavor, (thread_state_t)ts, size, entry_point);
+ if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
return(LOAD_FAILURE);
- ts += size; /* ts is a (unsigned long *) */
+ }
+ ts += size; /* ts is a (uint32_t *) */
}
return(LOAD_SUCCESS);
}
+struct macho_data {
+ struct nameidata __nid;
+ union macho_vnode_header {
+ struct mach_header mach_header;
+ struct fat_header fat_header;
+ char __pad[512];
+ } __header;
+};
-static
-load_return_t
+#define DEFAULT_DYLD_PATH "/usr/lib/dyld"
+
+#if (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG)
+extern char dyld_alt_path[];
+extern int use_alt_dyld;
+#endif
+
+static load_return_t
load_dylinker(
struct dylinker_command *lcp,
+ integer_t archbits,
vm_map_t map,
- thread_act_t thr_act,
+ thread_t thread,
int depth,
+ int64_t slide,
load_result_t *result,
- boolean_t clean_regions
+ struct image_params *imgp
)
{
char *name;
char *p;
- struct vnode *vp;
- struct mach_header header;
- unsigned long file_offset;
- unsigned long macho_size;
- vm_map_t copy_map;
- load_result_t myresult;
+ struct vnode *vp = NULLVP; /* set by get_macho_vnode() */
+ struct mach_header *header;
+ off_t file_offset = 0; /* set by get_macho_vnode() */
+ off_t macho_size = 0; /* set by get_macho_vnode() */
+ load_result_t *myresult;
kern_return_t ret;
- vm_map_copy_t tmp;
- vm_offset_t dyl_start, map_addr;
- vm_size_t dyl_length;
- extern pmap_t pmap_create(vm_size_t size); /* XXX */
+ struct macho_data *macho_data;
+ struct {
+ struct mach_header __header;
+ load_result_t __myresult;
+ struct macho_data __macho_data;
+ } *dyld_data;
+
+ if (lcp->cmdsize < sizeof(*lcp))
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
name = (char *)lcp + lcp->name.offset;
+
/*
* Check for a proper null terminated string.
*/
return(LOAD_BADMACHO);
} while (*p++);
- ret = get_macho_vnode(name, &header, &file_offset, &macho_size, &vp);
- if (ret)
- return (ret);
-
- myresult = (load_result_t) { 0 };
+#if (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG)
+
+ /*
+ * rdar://23680808
+ * If an alternate dyld has been specified via boot args, check
+ * to see if PROC_UUID_ALT_DYLD_POLICY has been set on this
+ * executable and redirect the kernel to load that linker.
+ */
+
+ if (use_alt_dyld) {
+ int policy_error;
+ uint32_t policy_flags = 0;
+ int32_t policy_gencount = 0;
+
+ policy_error = proc_uuid_policy_lookup(result->uuid, &policy_flags, &policy_gencount);
+ if (policy_error == 0) {
+ if (policy_flags & PROC_UUID_ALT_DYLD_POLICY) {
+ name = dyld_alt_path;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+#endif
- /*
- * Load the Mach-O.
- */
-
- copy_map = vm_map_create(pmap_create(macho_size),
- get_map_min(map), get_map_max( map), TRUE);
+#if !(DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG)
+ if (0 != strcmp(name, DEFAULT_DYLD_PATH)) {
+ return (LOAD_BADMACHO);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /* Allocate wad-of-data from heap to reduce excessively deep stacks */
- ret = parse_machfile(vp, copy_map, thr_act, &header,
- file_offset, macho_size,
- depth, &myresult, clean_regions);
+ MALLOC(dyld_data, void *, sizeof (*dyld_data), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+ header = &dyld_data->__header;
+ myresult = &dyld_data->__myresult;
+ macho_data = &dyld_data->__macho_data;
+ ret = get_macho_vnode(name, archbits, header,
+ &file_offset, &macho_size, macho_data, &vp);
if (ret)
- goto out;
+ goto novp_out;
- if (get_map_nentries(copy_map) > 0) {
+ *myresult = load_result_null;
+ myresult->is64bit = result->is64bit;
- dyl_start = get_map_start(copy_map);
- dyl_length = get_map_end(copy_map) - dyl_start;
+ ret = parse_machfile(vp, map, thread, header, file_offset,
+ macho_size, depth, slide, 0, myresult, result, imgp);
- map_addr = dyl_start;
- ret = vm_allocate(map, &map_addr, dyl_length, FALSE);
- if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
- ret = vm_allocate(map, &map_addr, dyl_length, TRUE);
+ if (ret == LOAD_SUCCESS) {
+ if (result->threadstate) {
+ /* don't use the app's threadstate if we have a dyld */
+ kfree(result->threadstate, result->threadstate_sz);
}
+ result->threadstate = myresult->threadstate;
+ result->threadstate_sz = myresult->threadstate_sz;
- if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
- ret = LOAD_NOSPACE;
- goto out;
-
+ result->dynlinker = TRUE;
+ result->entry_point = myresult->entry_point;
+ result->validentry = myresult->validentry;
+ result->all_image_info_addr = myresult->all_image_info_addr;
+ result->all_image_info_size = myresult->all_image_info_size;
+ if (myresult->platform_binary) {
+ result->csflags |= CS_DYLD_PLATFORM;
}
- ret = vm_map_copyin(copy_map, dyl_start, dyl_length, TRUE,
- &tmp);
- if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
- (void) vm_map_remove(map,
- map_addr,
- map_addr + dyl_length,
- VM_MAP_NO_FLAGS);
- goto out;
+ }
+
+ vnode_put(vp);
+novp_out:
+ FREE(dyld_data, M_TEMP);
+ return (ret);
+
+}
+
+static load_return_t
+load_code_signature(
+ struct linkedit_data_command *lcp,
+ struct vnode *vp,
+ off_t macho_offset,
+ off_t macho_size,
+ cpu_type_t cputype,
+ load_result_t *result,
+ struct image_params *imgp)
+{
+ int ret;
+ kern_return_t kr;
+ vm_offset_t addr;
+ int resid;
+ struct cs_blob *blob;
+ int error;
+ vm_size_t blob_size;
+
+ addr = 0;
+ blob = NULL;
+
+ if (lcp->cmdsize != sizeof (struct linkedit_data_command) ||
+ lcp->dataoff + lcp->datasize > macho_size) {
+ ret = LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ blob = ubc_cs_blob_get(vp, cputype, macho_offset);
+ if (blob != NULL) {
+ /* we already have a blob for this vnode and cputype */
+ if (blob->csb_cpu_type == cputype &&
+ blob->csb_base_offset == macho_offset) {
+ /* it matches the blob we want here, lets verify the version */
+ if(0 != ubc_cs_generation_check(vp)) {
+ if (0 != ubc_cs_blob_revalidate(vp, blob, imgp, 0)) {
+ ret = LOAD_FAILURE; /* set error same as from ubc_cs_blob_add */
+ goto out;
+ }
+ }
+ ret = LOAD_SUCCESS;
+ } else {
+ /* the blob has changed for this vnode: fail ! */
+ ret = LOAD_BADMACHO;
}
+ goto out;
+ }
- ret = vm_map_copy_overwrite(map, map_addr, tmp, FALSE);
- if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
- vm_map_copy_discard(tmp);
- (void) vm_map_remove(map,
- map_addr,
- map_addr + dyl_length,
- VM_MAP_NO_FLAGS);
- goto out; }
-
- if (map_addr != dyl_start)
- myresult.entry_point += (map_addr - dyl_start);
- } else
- ret = LOAD_FAILURE;
+ blob_size = lcp->datasize;
+ kr = ubc_cs_blob_allocate(&addr, &blob_size);
+ if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+ ret = LOAD_NOSPACE;
+ goto out;
+ }
- if (ret == LOAD_SUCCESS) {
- result->dynlinker = TRUE;
- result->entry_point = myresult.entry_point;
- ubc_map(vp);
+ resid = 0;
+ error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ,
+ vp,
+ (caddr_t) addr,
+ lcp->datasize,
+ macho_offset + lcp->dataoff,
+ UIO_SYSSPACE,
+ 0,
+ kauth_cred_get(),
+ &resid,
+ current_proc());
+ if (error || resid != 0) {
+ ret = LOAD_IOERROR;
+ goto out;
}
+
+ if (ubc_cs_blob_add(vp,
+ cputype,
+ macho_offset,
+ &addr,
+ lcp->datasize,
+ imgp,
+ 0,
+ &blob)) {
+ if (addr) {
+ ubc_cs_blob_deallocate(addr, blob_size);
+ }
+ ret = LOAD_FAILURE;
+ goto out;
+ } else {
+ /* ubc_cs_blob_add() has consumed "addr" */
+ addr = 0;
+ }
+
+#if CHECK_CS_VALIDATION_BITMAP
+ ubc_cs_validation_bitmap_allocate( vp );
+#endif
+
+ ret = LOAD_SUCCESS;
out:
- vm_map_deallocate(copy_map);
+ if (ret == LOAD_SUCCESS) {
+ if (blob == NULL)
+ panic("sucess, but no blob!");
+
+ result->csflags |= blob->csb_flags;
+ result->platform_binary = blob->csb_platform_binary;
+ result->cs_end_offset = blob->csb_end_offset;
+ }
+ if (addr != 0) {
+ ubc_cs_blob_deallocate(addr, blob_size);
+ addr = 0;
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+
+#if CONFIG_CODE_DECRYPTION
+
+static load_return_t
+set_code_unprotect(
+ struct encryption_info_command *eip,
+ caddr_t addr,
+ vm_map_t map,
+ int64_t slide,
+ struct vnode *vp,
+ off_t macho_offset,
+ cpu_type_t cputype,
+ cpu_subtype_t cpusubtype)
+{
+ int error, len;
+ pager_crypt_info_t crypt_info;
+ const char * cryptname = 0;
+ char *vpath;
- vrele(vp);
- return (ret);
+ size_t offset;
+ struct segment_command_64 *seg64;
+ struct segment_command *seg32;
+ vm_map_offset_t map_offset, map_size;
+ vm_object_offset_t crypto_backing_offset;
+ kern_return_t kr;
+
+ if (eip->cmdsize < sizeof(*eip)) return LOAD_BADMACHO;
+
+ switch(eip->cryptid) {
+ case 0:
+ /* not encrypted, just an empty load command */
+ return LOAD_SUCCESS;
+ case 1:
+ cryptname="com.apple.unfree";
+ break;
+ case 0x10:
+ /* some random cryptid that you could manually put into
+ * your binary if you want NULL */
+ cryptname="com.apple.null";
+ break;
+ default:
+ return LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ }
+
+ if (map == VM_MAP_NULL) return (LOAD_SUCCESS);
+ if (NULL == text_crypter_create) return LOAD_FAILURE;
+ MALLOC_ZONE(vpath, char *, MAXPATHLEN, M_NAMEI, M_WAITOK);
+ if(vpath == NULL) return LOAD_FAILURE;
+
+ len = MAXPATHLEN;
+ error = vn_getpath(vp, vpath, &len);
+ if (error) {
+ FREE_ZONE(vpath, MAXPATHLEN, M_NAMEI);
+ return LOAD_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ /* set up decrypter first */
+ crypt_file_data_t crypt_data = {
+ .filename = vpath,
+ .cputype = cputype,
+ .cpusubtype = cpusubtype};
+ kr=text_crypter_create(&crypt_info, cryptname, (void*)&crypt_data);
+#if VM_MAP_DEBUG_APPLE_PROTECT
+ if (vm_map_debug_apple_protect) {
+ struct proc *p;
+ p = current_proc();
+ printf("APPLE_PROTECT: %d[%s] map %p %s(%s) -> 0x%x\n",
+ p->p_pid, p->p_comm, map, __FUNCTION__, vpath, kr);
+ }
+#endif /* VM_MAP_DEBUG_APPLE_PROTECT */
+ FREE_ZONE(vpath, MAXPATHLEN, M_NAMEI);
+
+ if(kr) {
+ printf("set_code_unprotect: unable to create decrypter %s, kr=%d\n",
+ cryptname, kr);
+ if (kr == kIOReturnNotPrivileged) {
+ /* text encryption returned decryption failure */
+ return(LOAD_DECRYPTFAIL);
+ }else
+ return LOAD_RESOURCE;
+ }
+
+ /* this is terrible, but we have to rescan the load commands to find the
+ * virtual address of this encrypted stuff. This code is gonna look like
+ * the dyld source one day... */
+ struct mach_header *header = (struct mach_header *)addr;
+ size_t mach_header_sz = sizeof(struct mach_header);
+ if (header->magic == MH_MAGIC_64 ||
+ header->magic == MH_CIGAM_64) {
+ mach_header_sz = sizeof(struct mach_header_64);
+ }
+ offset = mach_header_sz;
+ uint32_t ncmds = header->ncmds;
+ while (ncmds--) {
+ /*
+ * Get a pointer to the command.
+ */
+ struct load_command *lcp = (struct load_command *)(addr + offset);
+ offset += lcp->cmdsize;
+
+ switch(lcp->cmd) {
+ case LC_SEGMENT_64:
+ seg64 = (struct segment_command_64 *)lcp;
+ if ((seg64->fileoff <= eip->cryptoff) &&
+ (seg64->fileoff+seg64->filesize >=
+ eip->cryptoff+eip->cryptsize)) {
+ map_offset = seg64->vmaddr + eip->cryptoff - seg64->fileoff + slide;
+ map_size = eip->cryptsize;
+ crypto_backing_offset = macho_offset + eip->cryptoff;
+ goto remap_now;
+ }
+ case LC_SEGMENT:
+ seg32 = (struct segment_command *)lcp;
+ if ((seg32->fileoff <= eip->cryptoff) &&
+ (seg32->fileoff+seg32->filesize >=
+ eip->cryptoff+eip->cryptsize)) {
+ map_offset = seg32->vmaddr + eip->cryptoff - seg32->fileoff + slide;
+ map_size = eip->cryptsize;
+ crypto_backing_offset = macho_offset + eip->cryptoff;
+ goto remap_now;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* if we get here, did not find anything */
+ return LOAD_BADMACHO;
+
+remap_now:
+ /* now remap using the decrypter */
+ MACHO_PRINTF(("+++ set_code_unprotect: vm[0x%llx:0x%llx]\n",
+ (uint64_t) map_offset,
+ (uint64_t) (map_offset+map_size)));
+ kr = vm_map_apple_protected(map,
+ map_offset,
+ map_offset+map_size,
+ crypto_backing_offset,
+ &crypt_info);
+ if (kr) {
+ printf("set_code_unprotect(): mapping failed with %x\n", kr);
+ return LOAD_PROTECT;
+ }
+
+ return LOAD_SUCCESS;
}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * This routine exists to support the load_dylinker().
+ *
+ * This routine has its own, separate, understanding of the FAT file format,
+ * which is terrifically unfortunate.
+ */
static
load_return_t
get_macho_vnode(
char *path,
+ integer_t archbits,
struct mach_header *mach_header,
- unsigned long *file_offset,
- unsigned long *macho_size,
+ off_t *file_offset,
+ off_t *macho_size,
+ struct macho_data *data,
struct vnode **vpp
)
{
struct vnode *vp;
- struct vattr attr, *atp;
- struct nameidata nid, *ndp;
- struct proc *p = current_proc(); /* XXXX */
+ vfs_context_t ctx = vfs_context_current();
+ proc_t p = vfs_context_proc(ctx);
+ kauth_cred_t kerncred;
+ struct nameidata *ndp = &data->__nid;
boolean_t is_fat;
struct fat_arch fat_arch;
- int error = LOAD_SUCCESS;
+ int error;
int resid;
- union {
- struct mach_header mach_header;
- struct fat_header fat_header;
- char pad[512];
- } header;
+ union macho_vnode_header *header = &data->__header;
off_t fsize = (off_t)0;
- struct ucred *cred = p->p_ucred;
- int err2;
-
- ndp = &nid;
- atp = &attr;
-
+
+ /*
+ * Capture the kernel credential for use in the actual read of the
+ * file, since the user doing the execution may have execute rights
+ * but not read rights, but to exec something, we have to either map
+ * or read it into the new process address space, which requires
+ * read rights. This is to deal with lack of common credential
+ * serialization code which would treat NOCRED as "serialize 'root'".
+ */
+ kerncred = vfs_context_ucred(vfs_context_kernel());
+
/* init the namei data to point the file user's program name */
- NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF, UIO_SYSSPACE, path, p);
+ NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, OP_OPEN, FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF, UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(path), ctx);
- if (error = namei(ndp)) {
- if (error == ENOENT)
+ if ((error = namei(ndp)) != 0) {
+ if (error == ENOENT) {
error = LOAD_ENOENT;
- else
+ } else {
error = LOAD_FAILURE;
+ }
return(error);
}
-
+ nameidone(ndp);
vp = ndp->ni_vp;
-
+
/* check for regular file */
if (vp->v_type != VREG) {
error = LOAD_PROTECT;
goto bad1;
}
- /* get attributes */
- if (error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &attr, cred, p)) {
+ /* get size */
+ if ((error = vnode_size(vp, &fsize, ctx)) != 0) {
error = LOAD_FAILURE;
goto bad1;
}
goto bad1;
}
- if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID) || (p->p_flag & P_TRACED))
- atp->va_mode &= ~(VSUID | VSGID);
-
- /* check access. for root we have to see if any exec bit on */
- if (error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, cred, p)) {
- error = LOAD_PROTECT;
- goto bad1;
- }
- if ((atp->va_mode & (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)) == 0) {
+ /* check access */
+ if ((error = vnode_authorize(vp, NULL, KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE | KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA, ctx)) != 0) {
error = LOAD_PROTECT;
goto bad1;
}
- /* hold the vnode for the IO */
- if (UBCINFOEXISTS(vp) && !ubc_hold(vp)) {
- error = LOAD_ENOENT;
- goto bad1;
- }
-
/* try to open it */
- if (error = VOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, cred, p)) {
+ if ((error = VNOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, ctx)) != 0) {
error = LOAD_PROTECT;
- ubc_rele(vp);
goto bad1;
}
- if(error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, vp, (caddr_t)&header, sizeof(header), 0,
- UIO_SYSSPACE, IO_NODELOCKED, cred, &resid, p)) {
+ if ((error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, vp, (caddr_t)header, sizeof (*header), 0,
+ UIO_SYSSPACE, IO_NODELOCKED, kerncred, &resid, p)) != 0) {
error = LOAD_IOERROR;
goto bad2;
}
-
- if (header.mach_header.magic == MH_MAGIC)
- is_fat = FALSE;
- else if (header.fat_header.magic == FAT_MAGIC ||
- header.fat_header.magic == FAT_CIGAM)
+
+ if (resid) {
+ error = LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ goto bad2;
+ }
+
+ if (header->mach_header.magic == MH_MAGIC ||
+ header->mach_header.magic == MH_MAGIC_64) {
+ is_fat = FALSE;
+ } else if (OSSwapBigToHostInt32(header->fat_header.magic) == FAT_MAGIC) {
is_fat = TRUE;
- else {
- error = LOAD_BADMACHO;
- goto bad2;
+ } else {
+ error = LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ goto bad2;
}
if (is_fat) {
+
+ error = fatfile_validate_fatarches((vm_offset_t)(&header->fat_header),
+ sizeof(*header));
+ if (error != LOAD_SUCCESS) {
+ goto bad2;
+ }
+
/* Look up our architecture in the fat file. */
- error = fatfile_getarch(vp, (vm_offset_t)(&header.fat_header), &fat_arch);
+ error = fatfile_getarch_with_bits(archbits,
+ (vm_offset_t)(&header->fat_header), sizeof(*header), &fat_arch);
if (error != LOAD_SUCCESS)
goto bad2;
/* Read the Mach-O header out of it */
- error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, vp, (caddr_t)&header.mach_header,
- sizeof(header.mach_header), fat_arch.offset,
- UIO_SYSSPACE, IO_NODELOCKED, cred, &resid, p);
+ error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, vp, (caddr_t)&header->mach_header,
+ sizeof (header->mach_header), fat_arch.offset,
+ UIO_SYSSPACE, IO_NODELOCKED, kerncred, &resid, p);
if (error) {
error = LOAD_IOERROR;
goto bad2;
}
+ if (resid) {
+ error = LOAD_BADMACHO;
+ goto bad2;
+ }
+
/* Is this really a Mach-O? */
- if (header.mach_header.magic != MH_MAGIC) {
+ if (header->mach_header.magic != MH_MAGIC &&
+ header->mach_header.magic != MH_MAGIC_64) {
error = LOAD_BADMACHO;
goto bad2;
}
*file_offset = fat_arch.offset;
- *macho_size = fsize = fat_arch.size;
+ *macho_size = fat_arch.size;
} else {
+ /*
+ * Force get_macho_vnode() to fail if the architecture bits
+ * do not match the expected architecture bits. This in
+ * turn causes load_dylinker() to fail for the same reason,
+ * so it ensures the dynamic linker and the binary are in
+ * lock-step. This is potentially bad, if we ever add to
+ * the CPU_ARCH_* bits any bits that are desirable but not
+ * required, since the dynamic linker might work, but we will
+ * refuse to load it because of this check.
+ */
+ if ((cpu_type_t)(header->mach_header.cputype & CPU_ARCH_MASK) != archbits) {
+ error = LOAD_BADARCH;
+ goto bad2;
+ }
*file_offset = 0;
- *macho_size = fsize = attr.va_size;
+ *macho_size = fsize;
}
- *mach_header = header.mach_header;
+ *mach_header = header->mach_header;
*vpp = vp;
- if (UBCISVALID(vp))
- ubc_setsize(vp, fsize); /* XXX why? */
-
- VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0, p);
- ubc_rele(vp);
- return (error);
-bad2:
- VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0, p);
- err2 = VOP_CLOSE(vp, FREAD, cred, p);
- ubc_rele(vp);
- vrele(vp);
+ ubc_setsize(vp, fsize);
return (error);
+bad2:
+ (void) VNOP_CLOSE(vp, FREAD, ctx);
bad1:
- vput(vp);
+ vnode_put(vp);
return(error);
}
projects / apple / xnu.git / blobdiff