]> git.saurik.com Git - apple/xnu.git/blobdiff - osfmk/kern/waitq.c
xnu-7195.101.1.tar.gz
[apple/xnu.git] / osfmk / kern / waitq.c
index fad26e5ba50443d1d8ce2088a30551582e6569e9..1674f379aa0d8909d6e337ed3cd5539686683ffe 100644 (file)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2015 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015-2020 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
  *
  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
  *
  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
  * the rights to redistribute these changes.
  */
+
+/*
+ * un-comment the following lines to debug the link/prepost tables
+ * NOTE: this expands each element by ~40 bytes
+ */
+//#define KEEP_WAITQ_LINK_STATS
+//#define KEEP_WAITQ_PREPOST_STATS
+
 #include <kern/ast.h>
+#include <kern/backtrace.h>
 #include <kern/kern_types.h>
+#include <kern/ltable.h>
 #include <kern/mach_param.h>
+#include <kern/percpu.h>
 #include <kern/queue.h>
 #include <kern/sched_prim.h>
 #include <kern/simple_lock.h>
 #include <kern/spl.h>
 #include <kern/waitq.h>
 #include <kern/zalloc.h>
+#include <kern/policy_internal.h>
+#include <kern/turnstile.h>
+
+#include <os/hash.h>
 #include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
 #include <mach/sync_policy.h>
 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
 
 #include <sys/kdebug.h>
 
+#if defined(KEEP_WAITQ_LINK_STATS) || defined(KEEP_WAITQ_PREPOST_STATS)
+#  if !CONFIG_LTABLE_STATS
+#    error "You must configure LTABLE_STATS to use WAITQ_[LINK|PREPOST]_STATS"
+#  endif
+#  if !CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
+#    error "You must configure WAITQ_STATS to use WAITQ_[LINK|PREPOST]_STATS"
+#  endif
+#endif
+
 #if CONFIG_WAITQ_DEBUG
-#define wqdbg(fmt,...) \
+#define wqdbg(fmt, ...) \
        printf("WQ[%s]:  " fmt "\n", __func__, ## __VA_ARGS__)
 #else
-#define wqdbg(fmt,...) do { } while (0)
+#define wqdbg(fmt, ...) do { } while (0)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef WAITQ_VERBOSE_DEBUG
-#define wqdbg_v(fmt,...) \
+#define wqdbg_v(fmt, ...) \
        printf("WQ[v:%s]:  " fmt "\n", __func__, ## __VA_ARGS__)
 #else
-#define wqdbg_v(fmt,...) do { } while (0)
+#define wqdbg_v(fmt, ...) do { } while (0)
 #endif
 
-#define wqinfo(fmt,...) \
+#define wqinfo(fmt, ...) \
        printf("WQ[%s]: " fmt "\n", __func__,  ## __VA_ARGS__)
 
-#define wqerr(fmt,...) \
+#define wqerr(fmt, ...) \
        printf("WQ[%s] ERROR: " fmt "\n", __func__, ## __VA_ARGS__)
 
-
-/*
- * un-comment the following lines to debug the link/prepost tables
- * NOTE: this expands each element by ~40 bytes
- */
-//#define CONFIG_WAITQ_LINK_STATS
-//#define CONFIG_WAITQ_PREPOST_STATS
-
 /*
  * file-static functions / data
  */
 static thread_t waitq_select_one_locked(struct waitq *waitq, event64_t event,
-                                       uint64_t *reserved_preposts,
-                                       int priority, spl_t *spl);
+    uint64_t *reserved_preposts,
+    int priority, spl_t *spl);
 
 static kern_return_t waitq_select_thread_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                               event64_t event,
-                                               thread_t thread, spl_t *spl);
-
-#define WAITQ_SET_MAX (task_max * 3)
-static zone_t waitq_set_zone;
-
-
-#define        P2ROUNDUP(x, align) (-(-((uint32_t)(x)) & -(align)))
-#define ROUNDDOWN(x,y) (((x)/(y))*(y))
-
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
-static __inline__ void waitq_grab_backtrace(uintptr_t bt[NWAITQ_BTFRAMES], int skip);
-#endif
-
-
-/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
- *
- * Wait Queue Link/Prepost Table Implementation
- *
- * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
-#define DEFAULT_MIN_FREE_TABLE_ELEM    100
-static uint32_t g_min_free_table_elem;
-static uint32_t g_min_free_cache;
-
-static vm_size_t   g_wqt_max_tbl_size;
-static lck_grp_t   g_wqt_lck_grp;
-
-/* 1 prepost table, 1 setid link table */
-#define NUM_WQ_TABLES 2
-
-/* default VA space for waitq tables (zone allocated) */
-#define DEFAULT_MAX_TABLE_SIZE  P2ROUNDUP(8 * 1024 * 1024, PAGE_SIZE)
-
-struct wq_id {
-       union {
-               uint64_t id;
-               struct {
-                       /*
-                        * this bitfied is OK because we don't need to
-                        * enforce a particular memory layout
-                        */
-                       uint64_t idx:18, /* allows indexing up to 8MB of 32byte link objects */
-                                generation:46;
-               };
-       };
-};
-
-enum wqt_elem_type {
-       WQT_FREE     = 0,
-       WQT_ELEM     = 1,
-       WQT_LINK     = 2,
-       WQT_RESERVED = 3,
-};
-
-struct wqt_elem {
-       uint32_t wqt_bits;
+    event64_t event,
+    thread_t thread, spl_t *spl);
 
-       uint32_t wqt_next_idx;
+ZONE_DECLARE(waitq_set_zone, "waitq sets",
+    sizeof(struct waitq_set), ZC_NOENCRYPT);
 
-       struct wq_id wqt_id;
+/* waitq prepost cache */
+#define WQP_CACHE_MAX   50
+struct wqp_cache {
+       uint64_t        head;
+       unsigned int    avail;
 };
+static struct wqp_cache PERCPU_DATA(wqp_cache);
 
-/* this _must_ match the idx bitfield definition in struct wq_id */
-#define WQT_IDX_MAX           (0x3ffff)
-#if defined(DEVELOPMENT) || defined(DEBUG)
-/* global for lldb macros */
-uint64_t g_wqt_idx_max = WQT_IDX_MAX;
-#endif
-
-/* reference count bits should _always_ be the low-order bits */
-#define WQT_BITS_REFCNT_MASK  (0x1FFFFFFF)
-#define WQT_BITS_REFCNT_SHIFT (0)
-#define WQT_BITS_REFCNT       (WQT_BITS_REFCNT_MASK << WQT_BITS_REFCNT_SHIFT)
-
-#define WQT_BITS_TYPE_MASK    (0x3)
-#define WQT_BITS_TYPE_SHIFT   (29)
-#define WQT_BITS_TYPE         (WQT_BITS_TYPE_MASK << WQT_BITS_TYPE_SHIFT)
-
-#define WQT_BITS_VALID_MASK   (0x1)
-#define WQT_BITS_VALID_SHIFT  (31)
-#define WQT_BITS_VALID        (WQT_BITS_VALID_MASK << WQT_BITS_VALID_SHIFT)
-
-#define wqt_bits_refcnt(bits) \
-       (((bits) >> WQT_BITS_REFCNT_SHIFT) & WQT_BITS_REFCNT_MASK)
-
-#define wqt_bits_type(bits) \
-       (((bits) >> WQT_BITS_TYPE_SHIFT) & WQT_BITS_TYPE_MASK)
-
-#define wqt_bits_valid(bits) \
-       ((bits) & WQT_BITS_VALID)
-
-struct wq_table;
-typedef void (*wq_table_poison_func)(struct wq_table *, struct wqt_elem *);
-
-/*
- * A table is a container for slabs of elements. Each slab is 'slab_sz' bytes
- * and contains 'slab_sz/elem_sz' elements (of 'elem_sz' bytes each). These
- * slabs allow the table to be broken up into potentially dis-contiguous VA
- * space. On 32-bit platforms with large amounts of physical RAM, this is
- * quite important. Keeping slabs like this slightly complicates retrieval of
- * table elements, but not by much.
- */
-struct wq_table {
-       struct wqt_elem **table;   /* an array of 'slabs' of elements */
-       struct wqt_elem **next_free_slab;
-       struct wq_id     free_list __attribute__((aligned(8)));
-
-       uint32_t         nelem;
-       uint32_t         used_elem;
-       uint32_t         elem_sz;  /* size of a table element (bytes) */
-
-       uint32_t         slab_sz;  /* size of a table 'slab' object (bytes) */
-       uint32_t         slab_shift;
-       uint32_t         slab_msk;
-       uint32_t         slab_elem;
-       zone_t           slab_zone;
-
-       wq_table_poison_func poison;
-
-       lck_mtx_t        lock;
-       uint32_t         state;
-
-#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
-       uint32_t         nslabs;
-
-       uint64_t         nallocs;
-       uint64_t         nreallocs;
-       uint64_t         npreposts;
-       int64_t          nreservations;
-       uint64_t         nreserved_releases;
-       uint64_t         nspins;
-
-       uint64_t         max_used;
-       uint64_t         avg_used;
-       uint64_t         max_reservations;
-       uint64_t         avg_reservations;
-#endif
-} __attribute__((aligned(8)));
-
-#define wqt_elem_ofst_slab(slab, slab_msk, ofst) \
-       /* cast through 'void *' to avoid compiler alignment warning messages */ \
-       ((struct wqt_elem *)((void *)((uintptr_t)(slab) + ((ofst) & (slab_msk)))))
-
-#if defined(CONFIG_WAITQ_LINK_STATS) || defined(CONFIG_WAITQ_PREPOST_STATS)
-/* version that makes no assumption on waste within a slab */
-static inline struct wqt_elem *
-wqt_elem_idx(struct wq_table *table, uint32_t idx)
-{
-       int slab_idx = idx / table->slab_elem;
-       struct wqt_elem *slab = table->table[slab_idx];
-       if (!slab)
-               panic("Invalid index:%d slab:%d (NULL) for table:%p\n",
-                     idx, slab_idx, table);
-       assert(slab->wqt_id.idx <= idx && (slab->wqt_id.idx + table->slab_elem) > idx);
-       return wqt_elem_ofst_slab(slab, table->slab_msk, (idx - slab->wqt_id.idx) * table->elem_sz);
-}
-#else /* !CONFIG_WAITQ_[LINK|PREPOST]_STATS */
-/* verion that assumes 100% ultilization of slabs (no waste) */
-static inline struct wqt_elem *
-wqt_elem_idx(struct wq_table *table, uint32_t idx)
-{
-       uint32_t ofst = idx * table->elem_sz;
-       struct wqt_elem *slab = table->table[ofst >> table->slab_shift];
-       if (!slab)
-               panic("Invalid index:%d slab:%d (NULL) for table:%p\n",
-                     idx, (ofst >> table->slab_shift), table);
-       assert(slab->wqt_id.idx <= idx && (slab->wqt_id.idx + table->slab_elem) > idx);
-       return wqt_elem_ofst_slab(slab, table->slab_msk, ofst);
-}
-#endif /* !CONFIG_WAITQ_[LINK|PREPOST]_STATS */
-
-static int __assert_only wqt_elem_in_range(struct wqt_elem *elem,
-                                          struct wq_table *table)
-{
-       struct wqt_elem **base = table->table;
-       uintptr_t e = (uintptr_t)elem;
-       assert(base != NULL);
-       while (*base != NULL) {
-               uintptr_t b = (uintptr_t)(*base);
-               if (e >= b && e < b + table->slab_sz)
-                       return 1;
-               base++;
-               if ((uintptr_t)base >= (uintptr_t)table->table + PAGE_SIZE)
-                       return 0;
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static struct wqt_elem *wq_table_get_elem(struct wq_table *table, uint64_t id);
-static void wq_table_put_elem(struct wq_table *table, struct wqt_elem *elem);
-static int wqt_elem_list_link(struct wq_table *table, struct wqt_elem *parent,
-                             struct wqt_elem *child);
-
-static void wqt_elem_invalidate(struct wqt_elem *elem)
-{
-       uint32_t __assert_only old = OSBitAndAtomic(~WQT_BITS_VALID, &elem->wqt_bits);
-       OSMemoryBarrier();
-       assert(((wqt_bits_type(old) != WQT_RESERVED) && (old & WQT_BITS_VALID)) ||
-              ((wqt_bits_type(old) == WQT_RESERVED) && !(old & WQT_BITS_VALID)));
-}
-
-static void wqt_elem_mkvalid(struct wqt_elem *elem)
-{
-       uint32_t __assert_only old = OSBitOrAtomic(WQT_BITS_VALID, &elem->wqt_bits);
-       OSMemoryBarrier();
-       assert(!(old & WQT_BITS_VALID));
-}
-
-static void wqt_elem_set_type(struct wqt_elem *elem, int type)
-{
-       uint32_t old_bits, new_bits;
-       do {
-               old_bits = elem->wqt_bits;
-               new_bits = (old_bits & ~WQT_BITS_TYPE) |
-                          ((type & WQT_BITS_TYPE_MASK) << WQT_BITS_TYPE_SHIFT);
-       } while (OSCompareAndSwap(old_bits, new_bits, &elem->wqt_bits) == FALSE);
-       OSMemoryBarrier();
-}
-
-
-static void wq_table_bootstrap(void)
-{
-       uint32_t      tmp32 = 0;
-
-       g_min_free_cache = 0;
-       g_min_free_table_elem = DEFAULT_MIN_FREE_TABLE_ELEM;
-       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("wqt_min_free", &tmp32, sizeof(tmp32)) == TRUE)
-               g_min_free_table_elem = tmp32;
-       wqdbg("Minimum free table elements: %d", tmp32);
-
-       g_wqt_max_tbl_size = DEFAULT_MAX_TABLE_SIZE;
-       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("wqt_tbl_size", &tmp32, sizeof(tmp32)) == TRUE)
-               g_wqt_max_tbl_size = (vm_size_t)P2ROUNDUP(tmp32, PAGE_SIZE);
-
-       lck_grp_init(&g_wqt_lck_grp, "waitq_table_locks", LCK_GRP_ATTR_NULL);
-}
-
-static void wq_table_init(struct wq_table *table, const char *name,
-                         uint32_t max_tbl_elem, uint32_t elem_sz,
-                         wq_table_poison_func poison)
-{
-       kern_return_t kr;
-       uint32_t slab_sz, slab_shift, slab_msk, slab_elem;
-       zone_t slab_zone;
-       size_t max_tbl_sz;
-       struct wqt_elem *e, **base;
-
-       /*
-        * First, allocate a single page of memory to act as the base
-        * for the table's element slabs
-        */
-       kr = kernel_memory_allocate(kernel_map, (vm_offset_t *)&base,
-                                   PAGE_SIZE, 0, KMA_NOPAGEWAIT, VM_KERN_MEMORY_WAITQ);
-       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS)
-               panic("Cannot initialize %s table: "
-                     "kernel_memory_allocate failed:%d\n", name, kr);
-       memset(base, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
-
-       /*
-        * Based on the maximum table size, calculate the slab size:
-        * we allocate 1 page of slab pointers for the table, and we need to
-        * index elements of 'elem_sz', this gives us the slab size based on
-        * the maximum size the table should grow.
-        */
-       max_tbl_sz = (max_tbl_elem * elem_sz);
-       max_tbl_sz = P2ROUNDUP(max_tbl_sz, PAGE_SIZE);
-
-       /* system maximum table size divided by number of slots in a page */
-       slab_sz = (uint32_t)(max_tbl_sz / (PAGE_SIZE / (sizeof(void *))));
-       if (slab_sz < PAGE_SIZE)
-               slab_sz = PAGE_SIZE;
-
-       /* make sure the slab size is a power of two */
-       slab_shift = 0;
-       slab_msk = ~0;
-       for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 31; i++) {
-               uint32_t bit = (1 << i);
-               if ((slab_sz & bit) == slab_sz) {
-                       slab_shift = i;
-                       slab_msk = 0;
-                       for (uint32_t j = 0; j < i; j++)
-                               slab_msk |= (1 << j);
-                       break;
-               }
-               slab_sz &= ~bit;
-       }
-       slab_elem = slab_sz / elem_sz;
-
-       /* initialize the table's slab zone (for table growth) */
-       wqdbg("Initializing %s zone: slab:%d (%d,0x%x) max:%ld",
-             name, slab_sz, slab_shift, slab_msk, max_tbl_sz);
-       slab_zone = zinit(slab_sz, max_tbl_sz, slab_sz, name);
-       assert(slab_zone != ZONE_NULL);
-
-       /* allocate the first slab and populate it */
-       base[0] = (struct wqt_elem *)zalloc(slab_zone);
-       if (base[0] == NULL)
-               panic("Can't allocate a %s table slab from zone:%p",
-                     name, slab_zone);
-
-       memset(base[0], 0, slab_sz);
-
-       /* setup the initial freelist */
-       wqdbg("initializing %d links (%d bytes each)...", slab_elem, elem_sz);
-       for (unsigned l = 0; l < slab_elem; l++) {
-               e = wqt_elem_ofst_slab(base[0], slab_msk, l * elem_sz);
-               e->wqt_id.idx = l;
-               /*
-                * setting generation to 0 ensures that a setid of 0 is
-                * invalid because the generation will be incremented before
-                * each element's allocation.
-                */
-               e->wqt_id.generation = 0;
-               e->wqt_next_idx = l + 1;
-       }
-
-       /* make sure the last free element points to a never-valid idx */
-       e = wqt_elem_ofst_slab(base[0], slab_msk, (slab_elem - 1) * elem_sz);
-       e->wqt_next_idx = WQT_IDX_MAX;
-
-       lck_mtx_init(&table->lock, &g_wqt_lck_grp, LCK_ATTR_NULL);
-
-       table->slab_sz = slab_sz;
-       table->slab_shift = slab_shift;
-       table->slab_msk = slab_msk;
-       table->slab_elem = slab_elem;
-       table->slab_zone = slab_zone;
+#define P2ROUNDUP(x, align) (-(-((uint32_t)(x)) & -(align)))
+#define ROUNDDOWN(x, y)  (((x)/(y))*(y))
 
-       table->elem_sz = elem_sz;
-       table->nelem = slab_elem;
-       table->used_elem = 0;
-       table->elem_sz = elem_sz;
-       table->poison = poison;
 
-       table->table = base;
-       table->next_free_slab = &base[1];
-       table->free_list.id = base[0]->wqt_id.id;
-
-#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
-       table->nslabs = 1;
-       table->nallocs = 0;
-       table->nreallocs = 0;
-       table->npreposts = 0;
-       table->nreservations = 0;
-       table->nreserved_releases = 0;
-
-       table->max_used = 0;
-       table->avg_used = 0;
-       table->max_reservations = 0;
-       table->avg_reservations = 0;
-#endif
-}
-
-/**
- * grow a waitq table by adding another 'slab' of table elements
- *
- * Conditions:
- *     table mutex is unlocked
- *     calling thread can block
- */
-static void wq_table_grow(struct wq_table *table, uint32_t min_free)
-{
-       struct wqt_elem *slab, **slot;
-       struct wqt_elem *e = NULL, *first_new_elem, *last_new_elem;
-       struct wq_id free_id;
-       uint32_t free_elem;
-
-       assert(get_preemption_level() == 0);
-       assert(table && table->slab_zone);
-
-       lck_mtx_lock(&table->lock);
-
-       free_elem = table->nelem - table->used_elem;
-
-       /*
-        * If the caller just wanted to ensure a minimum number of elements,
-        * do that (and don't just blindly grow the table). Also, don't grow
-        * the table unnecessarily - we could have been beaten by a higher
-        * priority thread who acquired the lock and grew the table before we
-        * got here.
-        */
-       if (free_elem > min_free) {
-               lck_mtx_unlock(&table->lock);
-               return;
-       }
-
-       /* we are now committed to table growth */
-       wqdbg_v("BEGIN");
-
-       if (table->next_free_slab == NULL) {
-               /*
-                * before we panic, check one more time to see if any other
-                * threads have free'd from space in the table.
-                */
-               if ((table->nelem - table->used_elem) > 0) {
-                       /* there's at least 1 free element: don't panic yet */
-                       lck_mtx_unlock(&table->lock);
-                       return;
-               }
-               panic("No more room to grow table: %p (nelem: %d, used: %d)",
-                     table, table->nelem, table->used_elem);
-       }
-       slot = table->next_free_slab;
-       table->next_free_slab++;
-       if ((uintptr_t)table->next_free_slab >= (uintptr_t)table->table + PAGE_SIZE)
-               table->next_free_slab = NULL;
-
-       assert(*slot == NULL);
-
-       /* allocate another slab */
-       slab = (struct wqt_elem *)zalloc(table->slab_zone);
-       if (slab == NULL)
-               panic("Can't allocate a %s table (%p) slab from zone:%p",
-                     table->slab_zone->zone_name, table, table->slab_zone);
-
-       memset(slab, 0, table->slab_sz);
-
-       /* put the new elements into a freelist */
-       wqdbg_v("    init %d new links...", table->slab_elem);
-       for (unsigned l = 0; l < table->slab_elem; l++) {
-               uint32_t idx = l + table->nelem;
-               if (idx >= (WQT_IDX_MAX - 1))
-                       break; /* the last element of the last slab */
-               e = wqt_elem_ofst_slab(slab, table->slab_msk, l * table->elem_sz);
-               e->wqt_id.idx = idx;
-               e->wqt_next_idx = idx + 1;
-       }
-       last_new_elem = e;
-       assert(last_new_elem != NULL);
-
-       first_new_elem = wqt_elem_ofst_slab(slab, table->slab_msk, 0);
-
-       /* update table book keeping, and atomically swap the freelist head */
-       *slot = slab;
-       if (table->nelem + table->slab_elem >= WQT_IDX_MAX)
-               table->nelem = WQT_IDX_MAX - 1;
-       else
-               table->nelem += table->slab_elem;
-
-#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
-       table->nslabs += 1;
-#endif
-
-       /*
-        * The atomic swap of the free list head marks the end of table
-        * growth. Incoming requests may now use the newly allocated slab
-        * of table elements
-        */
-       free_id = table->free_list;
-       /* connect the existing free list to the end of the new free list */
-       last_new_elem->wqt_next_idx = free_id.idx;
-       while (OSCompareAndSwap64(free_id.id, first_new_elem->wqt_id.id,
-                                 &table->free_list.id) == FALSE) {
-               OSMemoryBarrier();
-               free_id = table->free_list;
-               last_new_elem->wqt_next_idx = free_id.idx;
-       }
-       OSMemoryBarrier();
-
-       lck_mtx_unlock(&table->lock);
-
-       return;
-}
-
-static __attribute__((noinline))
-struct wqt_elem *wq_table_alloc_elem(struct wq_table *table, int type, int nelem)
-{
-       int nspins = 0, ntries = 0, nalloc = 0;
-       uint32_t table_size;
-       struct wqt_elem *elem = NULL;
-       struct wq_id free_id, next_id;
-
-       static const int max_retries = 500;
-
-       if (type != WQT_ELEM && type != WQT_LINK && type != WQT_RESERVED)
-               panic("wq_table_aloc of invalid elem type:%d from table @%p",
-                     type, table);
-
-       assert(nelem > 0);
-
-try_again:
-       elem = NULL;
-       if (ntries++ > max_retries) {
-               struct wqt_elem *tmp;
-               if (table->used_elem + nelem >= table_size)
-                       panic("No more room to grow table: 0x%p size:%d, used:%d, requested elem:%d",
-                             table, table_size, table->used_elem, nelem);
-               if (nelem == 1)
-                       panic("Too many alloc retries: %d, table:%p, type:%d, nelem:%d",
-                             ntries, table, type, nelem);
-               /* don't panic: try allocating one-at-a-time */
-               while (nelem > 0) {
-                       tmp = wq_table_alloc_elem(table, type, 1);
-                       if (elem)
-                               wqt_elem_list_link(table, tmp, elem);
-                       elem = tmp;
-                       --nelem;
-               }
-               assert(elem != NULL);
-               return elem;
-       }
-
-       nalloc = 0;
-       table_size = table->nelem;
-
-       if (table->used_elem + nelem >= table_size) {
-               if (get_preemption_level() != 0) {
-#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
-                       table->nspins += 1;
-#endif
-                       /*
-                        * We may have just raced with table growth: check
-                        * again to make sure there really isn't any space.
-                        */
-                       if (++nspins > 4)
-                               panic("Can't grow table %p with preemption"
-                                     " disabled!", table);
-                       delay(1);
-                       goto try_again;
-               }
-               wq_table_grow(table, nelem);
-               goto try_again;
-       }
-
-       /* read this value only once before the CAS */
-       free_id = table->free_list;
-       if (free_id.idx >= table_size)
-               goto try_again;
-
-       /*
-        * Find the item on the free list which will become the new free list
-        * head, but be careful not to modify any memory (read only)!  Other
-        * threads can alter table state at any time up until the CAS.  We
-        * don't modify any memory until we've successfully swapped out the
-        * free list head with the one we've investigated.
-        */
-       for (struct wqt_elem *next_elem = wqt_elem_idx(table, free_id.idx);
-            nalloc < nelem;
-            nalloc++) {
-               elem = next_elem;
-               next_id.generation = 0;
-               next_id.idx = next_elem->wqt_next_idx;
-               if (next_id.idx < table->nelem) {
-                       next_elem = wqt_elem_idx(table, next_id.idx);
-                       next_id.id = next_elem->wqt_id.id;
-               } else {
-                       goto try_again;
-               }
-       }
-       /* 'elem' points to the last element being allocated */
-
-       if (OSCompareAndSwap64(free_id.id, next_id.id,
-                              &table->free_list.id) == FALSE)
-               goto try_again;
-
-       /* load barrier */
-       OSMemoryBarrier();
-
-       /*
-        * After the CAS, we know that we own free_id, and it points to a
-        * valid table entry (checked above). Grab the table pointer and
-        * reset some values.
-        */
-       OSAddAtomic(nelem, &table->used_elem);
-
-       /* end the list of allocated elements */
-       elem->wqt_next_idx = WQT_IDX_MAX;
-       /* reset 'elem' to point to the first allocated element */
-       elem = wqt_elem_idx(table, free_id.idx);
-
-       /*
-        * Update the generation count, and return the element(s)
-        * with a single reference (and no valid bit). If the
-        * caller immediately calls _put() on any element, then
-        * it will be released back to the free list. If the caller
-        * subsequently marks the element as valid, then the put
-        * will simply drop the reference.
-        */
-       for (struct wqt_elem *tmp = elem; ; ) {
-               assert(!wqt_bits_valid(tmp->wqt_bits) &&
-                      (wqt_bits_refcnt(tmp->wqt_bits) == 0));
-               --nalloc;
-               tmp->wqt_id.generation += 1;
-               tmp->wqt_bits = 1;
-               wqt_elem_set_type(tmp, type);
-               if (tmp->wqt_next_idx == WQT_IDX_MAX)
-                       break;
-               assert(tmp->wqt_next_idx != WQT_IDX_MAX);
-               tmp = wqt_elem_idx(table, tmp->wqt_next_idx);
-       }
-       assert(nalloc == 0);
-
-#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
-       uint64_t nreservations;
-       table->nallocs += nelem;
-       if (type == WQT_RESERVED)
-               OSIncrementAtomic64(&table->nreservations);
-       nreservations = table->nreservations;
-       if (table->used_elem > table->max_used)
-               table->max_used = table->used_elem;
-       if (nreservations > table->max_reservations)
-               table->max_reservations = nreservations;
-       table->avg_used = (table->avg_used + table->used_elem) / 2;
-       table->avg_reservations = (table->avg_reservations + nreservations) / 2;
-#endif
-
-       return elem;
-}
-
-static void wq_table_realloc_elem(struct wq_table *table, struct wqt_elem *elem, int type)
-{
-       (void)table;
-       assert(wqt_elem_in_range(elem, table) &&
-              !wqt_bits_valid(elem->wqt_bits));
-
-#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
-       table->nreallocs += 1;
-       if (wqt_bits_type(elem->wqt_bits) == WQT_RESERVED && type != WQT_RESERVED) {
-               /*
-                * This isn't under any lock, so we'll clamp it.
-                * the stats are meant to be informative, not perfectly
-                * accurate
-                */
-               OSDecrementAtomic64(&table->nreservations);
-       }
-       table->avg_reservations = (table->avg_reservations + table->nreservations) / 2;
-#endif
-
-       /*
-        * Return the same element with a new generation count, and a
-        * (potentially) new type. Don't touch the refcount: the caller
-        * is responsible for getting that (and the valid bit) correct.
-        */
-       elem->wqt_id.generation += 1;
-       elem->wqt_next_idx = WQT_IDX_MAX;
-       wqt_elem_set_type(elem, type);
-
-       return;
-}
-
-static void wq_table_free_elem(struct wq_table *table, struct wqt_elem *elem)
-{
-       struct wq_id next_id;
-
-       assert(wqt_elem_in_range(elem, table) &&
-              !wqt_bits_valid(elem->wqt_bits) &&
-              (wqt_bits_refcnt(elem->wqt_bits) == 0));
-
-       OSDecrementAtomic(&table->used_elem);
-
-#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
-       table->avg_used = (table->avg_used + table->used_elem) / 2;
-       if (wqt_bits_type(elem->wqt_bits) == WQT_RESERVED)
-               OSDecrementAtomic64(&table->nreservations);
-       table->avg_reservations = (table->avg_reservations + table->nreservations) / 2;
+#if CONFIG_LTABLE_STATS || CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
+static __inline__ void waitq_grab_backtrace(uintptr_t bt[NWAITQ_BTFRAMES], int skip);
 #endif
 
-       elem->wqt_bits = 0;
-
-       if (table->poison)
-               (table->poison)(table, elem);
-
-again:
-       next_id = table->free_list;
-       if (next_id.idx >= table->nelem)
-               elem->wqt_next_idx = WQT_IDX_MAX;
-       else
-               elem->wqt_next_idx = next_id.idx;
-
-       /* store barrier */
-       OSMemoryBarrier();
-       if (OSCompareAndSwap64(next_id.id, elem->wqt_id.id,
-                              &table->free_list.id) == FALSE)
-               goto again;
-}
-
-/* get a reference to a table element identified by 'id' */
-static struct wqt_elem *wq_table_get_elem(struct wq_table *table, uint64_t id)
-{
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
-       uint32_t idx, bits, new_bits;
-
-       /*
-        * Here we have a reference to the table which is guaranteed to remain
-        * valid until we drop the reference
-        */
-
-       idx = ((struct wq_id *)&id)->idx;
-
-       if (idx >= table->nelem)
-               panic("id:0x%llx : idx:%d > %d", id, idx, table->nelem);
-
-       elem = wqt_elem_idx(table, idx);
-
-       /* verify the validity by taking a reference on the table object */
-       bits = elem->wqt_bits;
-       if (!wqt_bits_valid(bits))
-               return NULL;
-
-       /*
-        * do a pre-verify on the element ID to potentially
-        * avoid 2 compare-and-swaps
-        */
-       if (elem->wqt_id.id != id)
-               return NULL;
-
-       new_bits = bits + 1;
-
-       /* check for overflow */
-       assert(wqt_bits_refcnt(new_bits) > 0);
-
-       while (OSCompareAndSwap(bits, new_bits, &elem->wqt_bits) == FALSE) {
-               /*
-                * either the element became invalid,
-                * or someone else grabbed/removed a reference.
-                */
-               bits = elem->wqt_bits;
-               if (!wqt_bits_valid(bits)) {
-                       /* don't return invalid elements */
-                       return NULL;
-               }
-               new_bits = bits + 1;
-               assert(wqt_bits_refcnt(new_bits) > 0);
-       }
-
-       /* load barrier */
-       OSMemoryBarrier();
-
-       /* check to see that our reference is to the same generation! */
-       if (elem->wqt_id.id != id) {
-               /*
-               wqdbg("ID:0x%llx table generation (%d) != %d",
-                     id, elem->wqt_id.generation,
-                     ((struct wq_id *)&id)->generation);
-                */
-               wq_table_put_elem(table, elem);
-               return NULL;
-       }
-
-       /* We now have a reference on a valid object */
-       return elem;
-}
-
-/* release a ref to table element - puts it back on free list as appropriate */
-static void wq_table_put_elem(struct wq_table *table, struct wqt_elem *elem)
-{
-       uint32_t bits, new_bits;
-
-       assert(wqt_elem_in_range(elem, table));
-
-       bits = elem->wqt_bits;
-       new_bits = bits - 1;
-
-       /* check for underflow */
-       assert(wqt_bits_refcnt(new_bits) < WQT_BITS_REFCNT_MASK);
-
-       while (OSCompareAndSwap(bits, new_bits, &elem->wqt_bits) == FALSE) {
-               bits = elem->wqt_bits;
-               new_bits = bits - 1;
-               /* catch underflow */
-               assert(wqt_bits_refcnt(new_bits) < WQT_BITS_REFCNT_MASK);
-       }
-
-       /* load barrier */
-       OSMemoryBarrier();
-
-       /*
-        * if this was the last reference, and it was marked as invalid,
-        * then we can add this link object back to the free list
-        */
-       if (!wqt_bits_valid(new_bits) && (wqt_bits_refcnt(new_bits) == 0))
-               wq_table_free_elem(table, elem);
-
-       return;
-}
-
-
-/* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- *
- * API: wqt_elem_list_...
- *
- * Reuse the free list linkage member, 'wqt_next_idx' of a table element
- * in a slightly more generic singly-linked list. All members of this
- * list have been allocated from a table, but have not been made valid.
- *
- * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -*/
-
-/* link parent->child */
-static int wqt_elem_list_link(struct wq_table *table, struct wqt_elem *parent, struct wqt_elem *child)
-{
-       int nelem = 1;
-
-       assert(wqt_elem_in_range(parent, table));
-
-       /* find the end of the parent's list */
-       while (parent->wqt_next_idx != WQT_IDX_MAX) {
-               assert(parent->wqt_next_idx < table->nelem);
-               parent = wqt_elem_idx(table, parent->wqt_next_idx);
-               nelem++;
-       }
-
-       if (child) {
-               assert(wqt_elem_in_range(child, table));
-               parent->wqt_next_idx = child->wqt_id.idx;
-       }
-
-       return nelem;
-}
-
-static struct wqt_elem *wqt_elem_list_next(struct wq_table *table, struct wqt_elem *head)
-{
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
-
-       if (!head)
-               return NULL;
-       if (head->wqt_next_idx >= table->nelem)
-               return NULL;
-
-       elem = wqt_elem_idx(table, head->wqt_next_idx);
-       assert(wqt_elem_in_range(elem, table));
-
-       return elem;
-}
-
-/*
- * Obtain a pointer to the first element of a list.  Don't take an extra
- * reference on the object - the list implicitly holds that reference.
- *
- * This function is used to convert the head of a singly-linked list
- * to a real wqt_elem object.
- */
-static struct wqt_elem *wqt_elem_list_first(struct wq_table *table, uint64_t id)
-{
-       uint32_t idx;
-       struct wqt_elem *elem = NULL;
-
-       if (id == 0)
-               return NULL;
-
-       idx = ((struct wq_id *)&id)->idx;
-
-       if (idx > table->nelem)
-               panic("Invalid element for id:0x%llx", id);
-       elem = wqt_elem_idx(table, idx);
-
-       /* invalid element: reserved ID was probably already reallocated */
-       if (elem->wqt_id.id != id)
-               return NULL;
-
-       /* the returned element should _not_ be marked valid! */
-       if (wqt_bits_valid(elem->wqt_bits) ||
-           wqt_bits_type(elem->wqt_bits) != WQT_RESERVED ||
-           wqt_bits_refcnt(elem->wqt_bits) != 1) {
-               panic("Valid/unreserved element %p (0x%x) in reserved list",
-                     elem, elem->wqt_bits);
-       }
-
-       return elem;
-}
-
-static void wqt_elem_reset_next(struct wq_table *table, struct wqt_elem *wqp)
-{
-       (void)table;
+LCK_GRP_DECLARE(waitq_lck_grp, "waitq");
 
-       if (!wqp)
-               return;
-       assert(wqt_elem_in_range(wqp, table));
+#if __arm64__
 
-       wqp->wqt_next_idx = WQT_IDX_MAX;
-}
+#define waitq_lock_to(wq, to) \
+       (hw_lock_bit_to(&(wq)->waitq_interlock, LCK_ILOCK, to, &waitq_lck_grp))
 
-/*
- * Pop an item off the list.
- * New list head returned in *id, caller responsible for reference on returned
- * object. We do a realloc here to reset the type of the object, but still
- * leave it invalid.
- */
-static struct wqt_elem *wqt_elem_list_pop(struct wq_table *table, uint64_t *id, int type)
-{
-       struct wqt_elem *first, *next;
+#define waitq_lock_unlock(wq) \
+       (hw_unlock_bit(&(wq)->waitq_interlock, LCK_ILOCK))
 
-       if (!id || *id == 0)
-               return NULL;
+#define waitq_lock_init(wq) \
+       (wq->waitq_interlock = 0)
 
-       /* pop an item off the reserved stack */
+#else
 
-       first = wqt_elem_list_first(table, *id);
-       if (!first) {
-               *id = 0;
-               return NULL;
-       }
+#define waitq_lock_to(wq, to) \
+       (hw_lock_to(&(wq)->waitq_interlock, to, &waitq_lck_grp))
 
-       next = wqt_elem_list_next(table, first);
-       if (next)
-               *id = next->wqt_id.id;
-       else
-               *id = 0;
+#define waitq_lock_unlock(wq) \
+       (hw_lock_unlock(&(wq)->waitq_interlock))
 
-       wq_table_realloc_elem(table, first, type);
+#define waitq_lock_init(wq) \
+       (hw_lock_init(&(wq)->waitq_interlock))
 
-       return first;
-}
+#endif  /* __arm64__ */
 
 /*
- * Free an entire list of linked/reserved elements
+ * Prepost callback function for specially marked waitq sets
+ * (prepost alternative)
  */
-static int wqt_elem_list_release(struct wq_table *table,
-                                struct wqt_elem *head,
-                                int __assert_only type)
-{
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
-       struct wq_id free_id;
-       int nelem = 0;
+extern void waitq_set__CALLING_PREPOST_HOOK__(waitq_set_prepost_hook_t *ctx);
 
-       if (!head)
-               return 0;
-
-       for (elem = head; ; ) {
-               assert(wqt_elem_in_range(elem, table));
-               assert(!wqt_bits_valid(elem->wqt_bits) && (wqt_bits_refcnt(elem->wqt_bits) == 1));
-               assert(wqt_bits_type(elem->wqt_bits) == type);
-
-               nelem++;
-               elem->wqt_bits = 0;
-               if (table->poison)
-                       (table->poison)(table, elem);
-
-               if (elem->wqt_next_idx == WQT_IDX_MAX)
-                       break;
-               assert(elem->wqt_next_idx < table->nelem);
-               elem = wqt_elem_idx(table, elem->wqt_next_idx);
-       }
-
-       /*
-        * 'elem' now points to the end of our list, and 'head' points to the
-        * beginning. We want to atomically swap the free list pointer with
-        * the 'head' and ensure that 'elem' points to the previous free list
-        * head.
-        */
-
-again:
-       free_id = table->free_list;
-       if (free_id.idx >= table->nelem)
-               elem->wqt_next_idx = WQT_IDX_MAX;
-       else
-               elem->wqt_next_idx = free_id.idx;
-
-       /* store barrier */
-       OSMemoryBarrier();
-       if (OSCompareAndSwap64(free_id.id, head->wqt_id.id,
-                              &table->free_list.id) == FALSE)
-               goto again;
-
-       OSAddAtomic(-nelem, &table->used_elem);
-       return nelem;
-}
+#define DEFAULT_MIN_FREE_TABLE_ELEM    100
+static uint32_t g_min_free_table_elem;
+static uint32_t g_min_free_cache;
 
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1068,32 +184,32 @@ again:
  * SetID Link Table Implementation
  *
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
-static struct wq_table g_linktable;
+static struct link_table g_wqlinktable;
 
-enum setid_link_type {
-       SLT_ALL     = -1,
-       SLT_FREE    = WQT_FREE,
-       SLT_WQS     = WQT_ELEM,
-       SLT_LINK    = WQT_LINK,
+enum wq_link_type {
+       WQL_ALL     = -1,
+       WQL_FREE    = LT_FREE,
+       WQL_WQS     = LT_ELEM,
+       WQL_LINK    = LT_LINK,
 };
 
-struct setid_link {
-       struct wqt_elem wqte;
+struct waitq_link {
+       struct lt_elem wqte;
 
        union {
-               /* wqt_type == SLT_WQS (WQT_ELEM) */
+               /* wqt_type == WQL_WQS (LT_ELEM) */
                struct {
-                       struct waitq_set *sl_set;
+                       struct waitq_set *wql_set;
                        /* uint64_t          sl_prepost_id; */
-               } sl_wqs;
+               } wql_wqs;
 
-               /* wqt_type == SLT_LINK (WQT_LINK) */
+               /* wqt_type == WQL_LINK (LT_LINK) */
                struct {
-                       uint64_t          sl_left_setid;
-                       uint64_t          sl_right_setid;
-               } sl_link;
+                       uint64_t          left_setid;
+                       uint64_t          right_setid;
+               } wql_link;
        };
-#ifdef CONFIG_WAITQ_LINK_STATS
+#ifdef KEEP_WAITQ_LINK_STATS
        thread_t  sl_alloc_th;
        task_t    sl_alloc_task;
        uintptr_t sl_alloc_bt[NWAITQ_BTFRAMES];
@@ -1105,65 +221,67 @@ struct setid_link {
        uint64_t  sl_free_ts;
 #endif
 };
-#if !defined(CONFIG_WAITQ_LINK_STATS)
-_Static_assert((sizeof(struct setid_link) & (sizeof(struct setid_link) - 1)) == 0,
-              "setid_link struct must be a power of two!");
+#if !defined(KEEP_WAITQ_LINK_STATS)
+static_assert((sizeof(struct waitq_link) & (sizeof(struct waitq_link) - 1)) == 0,
+    "waitq_link struct must be a power of two!");
 #endif
 
-#define sl_refcnt(link) \
-       (wqt_bits_refcnt((link)->wqte.wqt_bits))
+#define wql_refcnt(link) \
+       (lt_bits_refcnt((link)->wqte.lt_bits))
 
-#define sl_type(link) \
-       (wqt_bits_type((link)->wqte.wqt_bits))
+#define wql_type(link) \
+       (lt_bits_type((link)->wqte.lt_bits))
 
-#define sl_set_valid(link) \
+#define wql_mkvalid(link) \
        do { \
-               wqt_elem_mkvalid(&(link)->wqte); \
-               lt_do_mkvalid_stats(&(link)->wqte); \
+               lt_elem_mkvalid(&(link)->wqte); \
+               wql_do_mkvalid_stats(&(link)->wqte); \
        } while (0)
 
-#define sl_is_valid(link) \
-       wqt_bits_valid((link)->wqte.wqt_bits)
+#define wql_is_valid(link) \
+       lt_bits_valid((link)->wqte.lt_bits)
 
-#define sl_set_id wqte.wqt_id
+#define wql_setid wqte.lt_id
 
-#define SLT_WQS_POISON         ((void *)(0xf00df00d))
-#define SLT_LINK_POISON        (0x0bad0badffffffffull)
+#define WQL_WQS_POISON         ((void *)(0xf00df00d))
+#define WQL_LINK_POISON        (0x0bad0badffffffffull)
 
-static void lt_poison(struct wq_table *table, struct wqt_elem *elem)
+static void
+wql_poison(struct link_table *table, struct lt_elem *elem)
 {
-       struct setid_link *sl_link = (struct setid_link *)elem;
+       struct waitq_link *link = (struct waitq_link *)elem;
        (void)table;
 
-       switch (sl_type(sl_link)) {
-       case SLT_WQS:
-               sl_link->sl_wqs.sl_set = SLT_WQS_POISON;
+       switch (wql_type(link)) {
+       case WQL_WQS:
+               link->wql_wqs.wql_set = WQL_WQS_POISON;
                break;
-       case SLT_LINK:
-               sl_link->sl_link.sl_left_setid = SLT_LINK_POISON;
-               sl_link->sl_link.sl_right_setid = SLT_LINK_POISON;
+       case WQL_LINK:
+               link->wql_link.left_setid = WQL_LINK_POISON;
+               link->wql_link.right_setid = WQL_LINK_POISON;
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }
-#ifdef CONFIG_WAITQ_LINK_STATS
-       memset(sl_link->sl_alloc_bt, 0, sizeof(sl_link->sl_alloc_bt));
-       sl_link->sl_alloc_ts = 0;
-       memset(sl_link->sl_mkvalid_bt, 0, sizeof(sl_link->sl_mkvalid_bt));
-       sl_link->sl_mkvalid_ts = 0;
+#ifdef KEEP_WAITQ_LINK_STATS
+       memset(link->sl_alloc_bt, 0, sizeof(link->sl_alloc_bt));
+       link->sl_alloc_ts = 0;
+       memset(link->sl_mkvalid_bt, 0, sizeof(link->sl_mkvalid_bt));
+       link->sl_mkvalid_ts = 0;
 
-       sl_link->sl_alloc_th = THREAD_NULL;
+       link->sl_alloc_th = THREAD_NULL;
        /* leave the sl_alloc_task in place for debugging */
 
-       sl_link->sl_free_ts = mach_absolute_time();
+       link->sl_free_ts = mach_absolute_time();
 #endif
 }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_WAITQ_LINK_STATS
-static __inline__ void lt_do_alloc_stats(struct wqt_elem *elem)
+#ifdef KEEP_WAITQ_LINK_STATS
+static __inline__ void
+wql_do_alloc_stats(struct lt_elem *elem)
 {
        if (elem) {
-               struct setid_link *link = (struct setid_link *)elem;
+               struct waitq_link *link = (struct waitq_link *)elem;
                memset(link->sl_alloc_bt, 0, sizeof(link->sl_alloc_bt));
                waitq_grab_backtrace(link->sl_alloc_bt, 0);
                link->sl_alloc_th = current_thread();
@@ -1177,12 +295,14 @@ static __inline__ void lt_do_alloc_stats(struct wqt_elem *elem)
        }
 }
 
-static __inline__ void lt_do_invalidate_stats(struct wqt_elem *elem)
+static __inline__ void
+wql_do_invalidate_stats(struct lt_elem *elem)
 {
-       struct setid_link *link = (struct setid_link *)elem;
+       struct waitq_link *link = (struct waitq_link *)elem;
 
-       if (!elem)
+       if (!elem) {
                return;
+       }
 
        assert(link->sl_mkvalid_ts > 0);
 
@@ -1191,119 +311,133 @@ static __inline__ void lt_do_invalidate_stats(struct wqt_elem *elem)
        waitq_grab_backtrace(link->sl_invalidate_bt, 0);
 }
 
-static __inline__ void lt_do_mkvalid_stats(struct wqt_elem *elem)
+static __inline__ void
+wql_do_mkvalid_stats(struct lt_elem *elem)
 {
-       struct setid_link *link = (struct setid_link *)elem;
+       struct waitq_link *link = (struct waitq_link *)elem;
 
-       if (!elem)
+       if (!elem) {
                return;
+       }
 
        memset(link->sl_mkvalid_bt, 0, sizeof(link->sl_mkvalid_bt));
        link->sl_mkvalid_ts = mach_absolute_time();
        waitq_grab_backtrace(link->sl_mkvalid_bt, 0);
 }
 #else
-#define lt_do_alloc_stats(e)
-#define lt_do_invalidate_stats(e)
-#define lt_do_mkvalid_stats(e)
-#endif /* CONFIG_WAITQ_LINK_STATS */
+#define wql_do_alloc_stats(e)
+#define wql_do_invalidate_stats(e)
+#define wql_do_mkvalid_stats(e)
+#endif /* KEEP_WAITQ_LINK_STATS */
 
-static void lt_init(void)
+static void
+wql_init(void)
 {
        uint32_t tablesz = 0, max_links = 0;
 
-       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("wql_tsize", &tablesz, sizeof(tablesz)) != TRUE)
-               tablesz = (uint32_t)g_wqt_max_tbl_size;
+       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("wql_tsize", &tablesz, sizeof(tablesz)) != TRUE) {
+               tablesz = (uint32_t)g_lt_max_tbl_size;
+       }
 
        tablesz = P2ROUNDUP(tablesz, PAGE_SIZE);
-       max_links = tablesz / sizeof(struct setid_link);
+       max_links = tablesz / sizeof(struct waitq_link);
        assert(max_links > 0 && tablesz > 0);
 
        /* we have a restricted index range */
-       if (max_links > (WQT_IDX_MAX + 1))
-               max_links = WQT_IDX_MAX + 1;
+       if (max_links > (LT_IDX_MAX + 1)) {
+               max_links = LT_IDX_MAX + 1;
+       }
 
        wqinfo("init linktable with max:%d elements (%d bytes)",
-              max_links, tablesz);
-       wq_table_init(&g_linktable, "wqslab.links", max_links,
-                     sizeof(struct setid_link), lt_poison);
+           max_links, tablesz);
+       ltable_init(&g_wqlinktable, "wqslab.wql", max_links,
+           sizeof(struct waitq_link), wql_poison);
 }
 
-static void lt_ensure_free_space(void)
+static void
+wql_ensure_free_space(void)
 {
-       if (g_linktable.nelem - g_linktable.used_elem < g_min_free_table_elem) {
+       if (g_wqlinktable.nelem - g_wqlinktable.used_elem < g_min_free_table_elem) {
                /*
                 * we don't hold locks on these values, so check for underflow
                 */
-               if (g_linktable.used_elem <= g_linktable.nelem) {
+               if (g_wqlinktable.used_elem <= g_wqlinktable.nelem) {
                        wqdbg_v("Forcing table growth: nelem=%d, used=%d, min_free=%d",
-                               g_linktable.nelem, g_linktable.used_elem,
-                               g_min_free_table_elem);
-                       wq_table_grow(&g_linktable, g_min_free_table_elem);
+                           g_wqlinktable.nelem, g_wqlinktable.used_elem,
+                           g_min_free_table_elem);
+                       ltable_grow(&g_wqlinktable, g_min_free_table_elem);
                }
        }
 }
 
-static struct setid_link *lt_alloc_link(int type)
+static struct waitq_link *
+wql_alloc_link(int type)
 {
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
+       struct lt_elem *elem;
 
-       elem = wq_table_alloc_elem(&g_linktable, type, 1);
-       lt_do_alloc_stats(elem);
-       return (struct setid_link *)elem;
+       elem = ltable_alloc_elem(&g_wqlinktable, type, 1, 0);
+       wql_do_alloc_stats(elem);
+       return (struct waitq_link *)elem;
 }
 
-static void lt_realloc_link(struct setid_link *link, int type)
+static void
+wql_realloc_link(struct waitq_link *link, int type)
 {
-       wq_table_realloc_elem(&g_linktable, &link->wqte, type);
-#ifdef CONFIG_WAITQ_LINK_STATS
+       ltable_realloc_elem(&g_wqlinktable, &link->wqte, type);
+#ifdef KEEP_WAITQ_LINK_STATS
        memset(link->sl_alloc_bt, 0, sizeof(link->sl_alloc_bt));
        link->sl_alloc_ts = 0;
-       lt_do_alloc_stats(&link->wqte);
+       wql_do_alloc_stats(&link->wqte);
 
        memset(link->sl_invalidate_bt, 0, sizeof(link->sl_invalidate_bt));
        link->sl_invalidate_ts = 0;
 #endif
 }
 
-static void lt_invalidate(struct setid_link *link)
+static void
+wql_invalidate(struct waitq_link *link)
 {
-       wqt_elem_invalidate(&link->wqte);
-       lt_do_invalidate_stats(&link->wqte);
+       lt_elem_invalidate(&link->wqte);
+       wql_do_invalidate_stats(&link->wqte);
 }
 
-static struct setid_link *lt_get_link(uint64_t setid)
+static struct waitq_link *
+wql_get_link(uint64_t setid)
 {
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
+       struct lt_elem *elem;
 
-       elem = wq_table_get_elem(&g_linktable, setid);
-       return (struct setid_link *)elem;
+       elem = ltable_get_elem(&g_wqlinktable, setid);
+       return (struct waitq_link *)elem;
 }
 
-static void lt_put_link(struct setid_link *link)
+static void
+wql_put_link(struct waitq_link *link)
 {
-       if (!link)
+       if (!link) {
                return;
-       wq_table_put_elem(&g_linktable, (struct wqt_elem *)link);
+       }
+       ltable_put_elem(&g_wqlinktable, (struct lt_elem *)link);
 }
 
-static struct setid_link *lt_get_reserved(uint64_t setid, int type)
+static struct waitq_link *
+wql_get_reserved(uint64_t setid, int type)
 {
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
+       struct lt_elem *elem;
 
-       elem = wqt_elem_list_first(&g_linktable, setid);
-       if (!elem)
+       elem = lt_elem_list_first(&g_wqlinktable, setid);
+       if (!elem) {
                return NULL;
-       wq_table_realloc_elem(&g_linktable, elem, type);
-       return (struct setid_link *)elem;
+       }
+       ltable_realloc_elem(&g_wqlinktable, elem, type);
+       return (struct waitq_link *)elem;
 }
 
 
 static inline int waitq_maybe_remove_link(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                         uint64_t setid,
-                                         struct setid_link *parent,
-                                         struct setid_link *left,
-                                         struct setid_link *right);
+    uint64_t setid,
+    struct waitq_link *parent,
+    struct waitq_link *left,
+    struct waitq_link *right);
 
 enum {
        LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL = 0,
@@ -1311,11 +445,11 @@ enum {
        LINK_WALK_FULL_DAG_UNLOCKED = 2,
 };
 
-typedef int (*lt_callback_func)(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
-                               struct setid_link *link);
+typedef int (*wql_callback_func)(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
+    struct waitq_link *link);
 
 /**
- * walk all table elements (of type 'link_type') pointed to by 'setid'
+ * walk_waitq_links: walk all table elements (of type 'link_type') pointed to by 'setid'
  *
  * Conditions:
  *     waitq is locked (or NULL)
@@ -1364,30 +498,32 @@ typedef int (*lt_callback_func)(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
  *        the associated waitq set object and recursively walk all sets to
  *        which that set belongs. This is a DFS of the tree structure.
  *     *) recurse down the left side of the tree (following the
- *        'sl_left_setid' pointer in the link object
+ *        'left_setid' pointer in the link object
  *     *) recurse down the right side of the tree (following the
- *        'sl_right_setid' pointer in the link object
+ *        'right_setid' pointer in the link object
  */
 static __attribute__((noinline))
-int walk_setid_links(int walk_type, struct waitq *waitq,
-                    uint64_t setid, int link_type,
-                    void *ctx, lt_callback_func cb)
+int
+walk_waitq_links(int walk_type, struct waitq *waitq,
+    uint64_t setid, int link_type,
+    void *ctx, wql_callback_func cb)
 {
-       struct setid_link *link;
+       struct waitq_link *link;
        uint64_t nextid;
-       int sl_type;
+       int wqltype;
 
-       link = lt_get_link(setid);
+       link = wql_get_link(setid);
 
        /* invalid link */
-       if (!link)
+       if (!link) {
                return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
+       }
 
        setid = nextid = 0;
-       sl_type = sl_type(link);
-       if (sl_type == SLT_LINK) {
-               setid  = link->sl_link.sl_left_setid;
-               nextid = link->sl_link.sl_right_setid;
+       wqltype = wql_type(link);
+       if (wqltype == WQL_LINK) {
+               setid  = link->wql_link.left_setid;
+               nextid = link->wql_link.right_setid;
        }
 
        /*
@@ -1396,36 +532,30 @@ int walk_setid_links(int walk_type, struct waitq *waitq,
         * invalid. The only valid thing we can do is put our
         * reference to it (which may put it back on the free list)
         */
-       if (link_type == SLT_ALL || link_type == sl_type) {
+       if (link_type == WQL_ALL || link_type == wqltype) {
                /* allow the callback to early-out */
                int ret = cb(waitq, ctx, link);
                if (ret != WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE) {
-                       lt_put_link(link);
+                       wql_put_link(link);
                        return ret;
                }
        }
 
-       if (sl_type == SLT_WQS &&
+       if (wqltype == WQL_WQS &&
            (walk_type == LINK_WALK_FULL_DAG ||
-            walk_type == LINK_WALK_FULL_DAG_UNLOCKED)) {
+           walk_type == LINK_WALK_FULL_DAG_UNLOCKED)) {
                /*
                 * Recurse down any sets to which this wait queue set was
                 * added.  We do this just before we put our reference to
                 * the link object (which may free it).
                 */
-               struct waitq_set *wqset = link->sl_wqs.sl_set;
+               struct waitq_set *wqset = link->wql_wqs.wql_set;
                int ret = WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
-               int get_spl = 0;
                int should_unlock = 0;
                uint64_t wqset_setid = 0;
-               spl_t set_spl;
 
                if (waitq_set_is_valid(wqset) && walk_type == LINK_WALK_FULL_DAG) {
-                       if ((!waitq || !waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) &&
-                           waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q)) {
-                               get_spl = 1;
-                               set_spl = splsched();
-                       }
+                       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q));
                        waitq_set_lock(wqset);
                        should_unlock = 1;
                }
@@ -1434,45 +564,44 @@ int walk_setid_links(int walk_type, struct waitq *waitq,
                 * verify the linked waitq set as it could have been
                 * invalidated before we grabbed the lock!
                 */
-               if (wqset->wqset_id != link->sl_set_id.id) {
-                       /*This is the bottom of the tree: just get out */
+               if (wqset->wqset_id != link->wql_setid.id) {
+                       /* This is the bottom of the tree: just get out */
                        if (should_unlock) {
                                waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-                               if (get_spl)
-                                       splx(set_spl);
                        }
-                       lt_put_link(link);
+                       wql_put_link(link);
                        return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
                }
 
                wqset_setid = wqset->wqset_q.waitq_set_id;
 
-               if (wqset_setid > 0)
-                       ret = walk_setid_links(walk_type, &wqset->wqset_q,
-                                              wqset_setid, link_type, ctx, cb);
+               if (wqset_setid > 0) {
+                       ret = walk_waitq_links(walk_type, &wqset->wqset_q,
+                           wqset_setid, link_type, ctx, cb);
+               }
                if (should_unlock) {
                        waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-                       if (get_spl)
-                               splx(set_spl);
                }
                if (ret != WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE) {
-                       lt_put_link(link);
+                       wql_put_link(link);
                        return ret;
                }
        }
 
-       lt_put_link(link);
+       wql_put_link(link);
 
        /* recurse down left side of the tree */
        if (setid) {
-               int ret = walk_setid_links(walk_type, waitq, setid, link_type, ctx, cb);
-               if (ret != WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE)
+               int ret = walk_waitq_links(walk_type, waitq, setid, link_type, ctx, cb);
+               if (ret != WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE) {
                        return ret;
+               }
        }
 
        /* recurse down right side of the tree */
-       if (nextid)
-               return walk_setid_links(walk_type, waitq, nextid, link_type, ctx, cb);
+       if (nextid) {
+               return walk_waitq_links(walk_type, waitq, nextid, link_type, ctx, cb);
+       }
 
        return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
 }
@@ -1482,57 +611,58 @@ int walk_setid_links(int walk_type, struct waitq *waitq,
  * Prepost Link Table Implementation
  *
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
-static struct wq_table g_prepost_table;
+static struct link_table g_prepost_table;
 
 enum wq_prepost_type {
-       WQP_FREE  = WQT_FREE,
-       WQP_WQ    = WQT_ELEM,
-       WQP_POST  = WQT_LINK,
+       WQP_FREE  = LT_FREE,
+       WQP_WQ    = LT_ELEM,
+       WQP_POST  = LT_LINK,
 };
 
 struct wq_prepost {
-       struct wqt_elem wqte;
+       struct lt_elem wqte;
 
        union {
-               /* wqt_type == WQP_WQ (WQT_ELEM) */
+               /* wqt_type == WQP_WQ (LT_ELEM) */
                struct {
                        struct waitq *wqp_wq_ptr;
                } wqp_wq;
-               /* wqt_type == WQP_POST (WQT_LINK) */
+               /* wqt_type == WQP_POST (LT_LINK) */
                struct {
                        uint64_t      wqp_next_id;
                        uint64_t      wqp_wq_id;
                } wqp_post;
        };
-#ifdef CONFIG_WAITQ_PREPOST_STATS
+#ifdef KEEP_WAITQ_PREPOST_STATS
        thread_t  wqp_alloc_th;
        task_t    wqp_alloc_task;
        uintptr_t wqp_alloc_bt[NWAITQ_BTFRAMES];
 #endif
 };
-#if !defined(CONFIG_WAITQ_PREPOST_STATS)
-_Static_assert((sizeof(struct wq_prepost) & (sizeof(struct wq_prepost) - 1)) == 0,
-              "wq_prepost struct must be a power of two!");
+#if !defined(KEEP_WAITQ_PREPOST_STATS)
+static_assert((sizeof(struct wq_prepost) & (sizeof(struct wq_prepost) - 1)) == 0,
+    "wq_prepost struct must be a power of two!");
 #endif
 
 #define wqp_refcnt(wqp) \
-       (wqt_bits_refcnt((wqp)->wqte.wqt_bits))
+       (lt_bits_refcnt((wqp)->wqte.lt_bits))
 
 #define wqp_type(wqp) \
-       (wqt_bits_type((wqp)->wqte.wqt_bits))
+       (lt_bits_type((wqp)->wqte.lt_bits))
 
 #define wqp_set_valid(wqp) \
-       wqt_elem_mkvalid(&(wqp)->wqte)
+       lt_elem_mkvalid(&(wqp)->wqte)
 
 #define wqp_is_valid(wqp) \
-       wqt_bits_valid((wqp)->wqte.wqt_bits)
+       lt_bits_valid((wqp)->wqte.lt_bits)
 
-#define wqp_prepostid wqte.wqt_id
+#define wqp_prepostid wqte.lt_id
 
 #define WQP_WQ_POISON              (0x0bad0badffffffffull)
 #define WQP_POST_POISON            (0xf00df00df00df00d)
 
-static void wqp_poison(struct wq_table *table, struct wqt_elem *elem)
+static void
+wqp_poison(struct link_table *table, struct lt_elem *elem)
 {
        struct wq_prepost *wqp = (struct wq_prepost *)elem;
        (void)table;
@@ -1549,109 +679,125 @@ static void wqp_poison(struct wq_table *table, struct wqt_elem *elem)
        }
 }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_WAITQ_PREPOST_STATS
-static __inline__ void wqp_do_alloc_stats(struct wqt_elem *elem)
+#ifdef KEEP_WAITQ_PREPOST_STATS
+static __inline__ void
+wqp_do_alloc_stats(struct lt_elem *elem)
 {
-       if (elem) {
-               struct wq_prepost *wqp = (struct wq_prepost *)elem;
-
-               /* be sure the take stats for _all_ allocated objects */
-               for (;;) {
-                       uint32_t next_idx;
+       if (!elem) {
+               return;
+       }
 
-                       memset(wqp->wqp_alloc_bt, 0, sizeof(wqp->wqp_alloc_bt));
-                       waitq_grab_backtrace(wqp->wqp_alloc_bt, 4);
-                       wqp->wqp_alloc_th = current_thread();
-                       wqp->wqp_alloc_task = current_task();
-                       next_idx = wqp->wqte.wqt_next_idx;
+       struct wq_prepost *wqp = (struct wq_prepost *)elem;
+       uintptr_t alloc_bt[sizeof(wqp->wqp_alloc_bt)];
 
-                       if (next_idx == WQT_IDX_MAX)
-                               break;
-                       assert(next_idx < g_prepost_table.nelem);
+       waitq_grab_backtrace(alloc_bt, NWAITQ_BTFRAMES);
 
-                       wqp = (struct wq_prepost *)wqt_elem_idx(&g_prepost_table,
-                                                               next_idx);
+       /* be sure the take stats for _all_ allocated objects */
+       for (;;) {
+               memcpy(wqp->wqp_alloc_bt, alloc_bt, sizeof(alloc_bt));
+               wqp->wqp_alloc_th = current_thread();
+               wqp->wqp_alloc_task = current_task();
+               wqp = (struct wq_prepost *)lt_elem_list_next(&g_prepost_table, &wqp->wqte);
+               if (!wqp) {
+                       break;
                }
        }
 }
 #else
 #define wqp_do_alloc_stats(e)
-#endif /* CONFIG_WAITQ_LINK_STATS */
+#endif /* KEEP_WAITQ_LINK_STATS */
 
-static void wqp_init(void)
+static void
+wqp_init(void)
 {
        uint32_t tablesz = 0, max_wqp = 0;
 
-       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("wqp_tsize", &tablesz, sizeof(tablesz)) != TRUE)
-               tablesz = (uint32_t)g_wqt_max_tbl_size;
+       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("wqp_tsize", &tablesz, sizeof(tablesz)) != TRUE) {
+               tablesz = (uint32_t)g_lt_max_tbl_size;
+       }
 
        tablesz = P2ROUNDUP(tablesz, PAGE_SIZE);
        max_wqp = tablesz / sizeof(struct wq_prepost);
        assert(max_wqp > 0 && tablesz > 0);
 
        /* we have a restricted index range */
-       if (max_wqp > (WQT_IDX_MAX + 1))
-               max_wqp = WQT_IDX_MAX + 1;
+       if (max_wqp > (LT_IDX_MAX + 1)) {
+               max_wqp = LT_IDX_MAX + 1;
+       }
 
        wqinfo("init prepost table with max:%d elements (%d bytes)",
-              max_wqp, tablesz);
-       wq_table_init(&g_prepost_table, "wqslab.prepost", max_wqp,
-                     sizeof(struct wq_prepost), wqp_poison);
+           max_wqp, tablesz);
+       ltable_init(&g_prepost_table, "wqslab.prepost", max_wqp,
+           sizeof(struct wq_prepost), wqp_poison);
 }
 
 /*
  * Refill the per-CPU cache.
  */
-static void wq_prepost_refill_cpu_cache(uint32_t nalloc)
+static void
+wq_prepost_refill_cpu_cache(uint32_t nalloc)
 {
-       struct wqt_elem *new_head, *old_head;
+       struct lt_elem *new_head, *old_head;
        struct wqp_cache *cache;
 
        /* require preemption enabled to allocate elements */
-       if (get_preemption_level() != 0)
+       if (get_preemption_level() != 0) {
                return;
+       }
 
-       new_head = wq_table_alloc_elem(&g_prepost_table,
-                                      WQT_RESERVED, nalloc);
-       if (new_head == NULL)
+       new_head = ltable_alloc_elem(&g_prepost_table,
+           LT_RESERVED, nalloc, 1);
+       if (new_head == NULL) {
                return;
+       }
 
        disable_preemption();
-       cache = &PROCESSOR_DATA(current_processor(), wqp_cache);
+       cache = PERCPU_GET(wqp_cache);
+
+       /* check once more before putting these elements on the list */
+       if (cache->avail >= WQP_CACHE_MAX) {
+               lt_elem_list_release(&g_prepost_table, new_head, LT_RESERVED);
+               enable_preemption();
+               return;
+       }
+
        cache->avail += nalloc;
-       if (cache->head == 0 || cache->head == WQT_IDX_MAX) {
-               cache->head = new_head->wqt_id.id;
+       if (cache->head == 0 || cache->head == LT_IDX_MAX) {
+               cache->head = new_head->lt_id.id;
                goto out;
        }
 
-       old_head = wqt_elem_list_first(&g_prepost_table, cache->head);
-       (void)wqt_elem_list_link(&g_prepost_table, new_head, old_head);
-       cache->head = new_head->wqt_id.id;
+       old_head = lt_elem_list_first(&g_prepost_table, cache->head);
+       (void)lt_elem_list_link(&g_prepost_table, new_head, old_head);
+       cache->head = new_head->lt_id.id;
 
 out:
        enable_preemption();
        return;
 }
 
-static void wq_prepost_ensure_free_space(void)
+static void
+wq_prepost_ensure_free_space(void)
 {
        uint32_t free_elem;
        uint32_t min_free;
        struct wqp_cache *cache;
 
-       if (g_min_free_cache == 0)
-               g_min_free_cache = (WQP_CACHE_MAX * ml_get_max_cpus());
+       if (g_min_free_cache == 0) {
+               g_min_free_cache = (WQP_CACHE_MAX * ml_wait_max_cpus());
+       }
 
        /*
         * Ensure that we always have a pool of per-CPU prepost elements
         */
        disable_preemption();
-       cache = &PROCESSOR_DATA(current_processor(), wqp_cache);
+       cache = PERCPU_GET(wqp_cache);
        free_elem = cache->avail;
        enable_preemption();
 
-       if (free_elem < (WQP_CACHE_MAX / 3))
+       if (free_elem < (WQP_CACHE_MAX / 3)) {
                wq_prepost_refill_cpu_cache(WQP_CACHE_MAX - free_elem);
+       }
 
        /*
         * Now ensure that we have a sufficient amount of free table space
@@ -1664,55 +810,59 @@ static void wq_prepost_ensure_free_space(void)
                 */
                if (g_prepost_table.used_elem <= g_prepost_table.nelem) {
                        wqdbg_v("Forcing table growth: nelem=%d, used=%d, min_free=%d+%d",
-                               g_prepost_table.nelem, g_prepost_table.used_elem,
-                               g_min_free_table_elem, g_min_free_cache);
-                       wq_table_grow(&g_prepost_table, min_free);
+                           g_prepost_table.nelem, g_prepost_table.used_elem,
+                           g_min_free_table_elem, g_min_free_cache);
+                       ltable_grow(&g_prepost_table, min_free);
                }
        }
 }
 
-static struct wq_prepost *wq_prepost_alloc(int type, int nelem)
+static struct wq_prepost *
+wq_prepost_alloc(int type, int nelem)
 {
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
+       struct lt_elem *elem;
        struct wq_prepost *wqp;
        struct wqp_cache *cache;
 
-       if (type != WQT_RESERVED)
+       if (type != LT_RESERVED) {
                goto do_alloc;
-       if (nelem == 0)
+       }
+       if (nelem == 0) {
                return NULL;
+       }
 
        /*
         * First try to grab the elements from the per-CPU cache if we are
         * allocating RESERVED elements
         */
        disable_preemption();
-       cache = &PROCESSOR_DATA(current_processor(), wqp_cache);
+       cache = PERCPU_GET(wqp_cache);
        if (nelem <= (int)cache->avail) {
-               struct wqt_elem *first, *next = NULL;
+               struct lt_elem *first, *next = NULL;
                int nalloc = nelem;
 
                cache->avail -= nelem;
 
                /* grab the first element */
-               first = wqt_elem_list_first(&g_prepost_table, cache->head);
+               first = lt_elem_list_first(&g_prepost_table, cache->head);
 
                /* find the last element and re-adjust the cache head */
                for (elem = first; elem != NULL && nalloc > 0; elem = next) {
-                       next = wqt_elem_list_next(&g_prepost_table, elem);
+                       next = lt_elem_list_next(&g_prepost_table, elem);
                        if (--nalloc == 0) {
                                /* terminate the allocated list */
-                               elem->wqt_next_idx = WQT_IDX_MAX;
+                               elem->lt_next_idx = LT_IDX_MAX;
                                break;
                        }
                }
                assert(nalloc == 0);
-               if (!next)
-                       cache->head = WQT_IDX_MAX;
-               else
-                       cache->head = next->wqt_id.id;
+               if (!next) {
+                       cache->head = LT_IDX_MAX;
+               } else {
+                       cache->head = next->lt_id.id;
+               }
                /* assert that we don't have mis-matched book keeping */
-               assert(!(cache->head == WQT_IDX_MAX && cache->avail > 0));
+               assert(!(cache->head == LT_IDX_MAX && cache->avail > 0));
                enable_preemption();
                elem = first;
                goto out;
@@ -1721,9 +871,10 @@ static struct wq_prepost *wq_prepost_alloc(int type, int nelem)
 
 do_alloc:
        /* fall-back to standard table allocation */
-       elem = wq_table_alloc_elem(&g_prepost_table, type, nelem);
-       if (!elem)
+       elem = ltable_alloc_elem(&g_prepost_table, type, nelem, 0);
+       if (!elem) {
                return NULL;
+       }
 
 out:
        wqp = (struct wq_prepost *)elem;
@@ -1731,64 +882,65 @@ out:
        return wqp;
 }
 
-/*
-static void wq_prepost_realloc(struct wq_prepost *wqp, int type)
+static void
+wq_prepost_invalidate(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
 {
-       wq_table_realloc_elem(&g_prepost_table, &wqp->wqte, type);
+       lt_elem_invalidate(&wqp->wqte);
 }
-*/
 
-static void wq_prepost_invalidate(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
+static struct wq_prepost *
+wq_prepost_get(uint64_t wqp_id)
 {
-       wqt_elem_invalidate(&wqp->wqte);
-}
+       struct lt_elem *elem;
 
-static struct wq_prepost *wq_prepost_get(uint64_t wqp_id)
-{
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
-
-       elem = wq_table_get_elem(&g_prepost_table, wqp_id);
+       elem = ltable_get_elem(&g_prepost_table, wqp_id);
        return (struct wq_prepost *)elem;
 }
 
-static void wq_prepost_put(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
+static void
+wq_prepost_put(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
 {
-       wq_table_put_elem(&g_prepost_table, (struct wqt_elem *)wqp);
+       ltable_put_elem(&g_prepost_table, (struct lt_elem *)wqp);
 }
 
-static int wq_prepost_rlink(struct wq_prepost *parent, struct wq_prepost *child)
+static int
+wq_prepost_rlink(struct wq_prepost *parent, struct wq_prepost *child)
 {
-       return wqt_elem_list_link(&g_prepost_table, &parent->wqte, &child->wqte);
+       return lt_elem_list_link(&g_prepost_table, &parent->wqte, &child->wqte);
 }
 
-static struct wq_prepost *wq_prepost_get_rnext(struct wq_prepost *head)
+static struct wq_prepost *
+wq_prepost_get_rnext(struct wq_prepost *head)
 {
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
+       struct lt_elem *elem;
        struct wq_prepost *wqp;
        uint64_t id;
 
-       elem = wqt_elem_list_next(&g_prepost_table, &head->wqte);
-       if (!elem)
+       elem = lt_elem_list_next(&g_prepost_table, &head->wqte);
+       if (!elem) {
                return NULL;
-       id = elem->wqt_id.id;
-       elem = wq_table_get_elem(&g_prepost_table, id);
+       }
+       id = elem->lt_id.id;
+       elem = ltable_get_elem(&g_prepost_table, id);
 
-       if (!elem)
+       if (!elem) {
                return NULL;
+       }
        wqp = (struct wq_prepost *)elem;
-       if (elem->wqt_id.id != id ||
+       if (elem->lt_id.id != id ||
            wqp_type(wqp) != WQP_POST ||
            wqp->wqp_post.wqp_next_id != head->wqp_prepostid.id) {
-               wq_table_put_elem(&g_prepost_table, elem);
+               ltable_put_elem(&g_prepost_table, elem);
                return NULL;
        }
 
        return wqp;
 }
 
-static void wq_prepost_reset_rnext(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
+static void
+wq_prepost_reset_rnext(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
 {
-       wqt_elem_reset_next(&g_prepost_table, &wqp->wqte);
+       (void)lt_elem_list_break(&g_prepost_table, &wqp->wqte);
 }
 
 
@@ -1804,8 +956,9 @@ static void wq_prepost_reset_rnext(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
  *     prepost ID, and the next element of the prepost list may be
  *     consumed as well (if the list contained only 2 objects)
  */
-static int wq_prepost_remove(struct waitq_set *wqset,
-                            struct wq_prepost *wqp)
+static int
+wq_prepost_remove(struct waitq_set *wqset,
+    struct wq_prepost *wqp)
 {
        int more_posts = 1;
        uint64_t next_id = wqp->wqp_post.wqp_next_id;
@@ -1813,6 +966,7 @@ static int wq_prepost_remove(struct waitq_set *wqset,
        struct wq_prepost *prev_wqp, *next_wqp;
 
        assert(wqp_type(wqp) == WQP_POST);
+       assert(wqset->wqset_q.waitq_prepost == 1);
 
        if (next_id == wqp_id) {
                /* the list is singular and becoming empty */
@@ -1853,8 +1007,9 @@ static int wq_prepost_remove(struct waitq_set *wqset,
        wq_prepost_rlink(next_wqp, prev_wqp);
 
        /* If we remove the head of the list, update the wqset */
-       if (wqp_id == wqset->wqset_prepost_id)
+       if (wqp_id == wqset->wqset_prepost_id) {
                wqset->wqset_prepost_id = next_id;
+       }
 
        wq_prepost_put(prev_wqp);
        wq_prepost_put(next_wqp);
@@ -1865,30 +1020,34 @@ out:
        return more_posts;
 }
 
-static struct wq_prepost *wq_prepost_rfirst(uint64_t id)
+static struct wq_prepost *
+wq_prepost_rfirst(uint64_t id)
 {
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
-       elem = wqt_elem_list_first(&g_prepost_table, id);
+       struct lt_elem *elem;
+       elem = lt_elem_list_first(&g_prepost_table, id);
        wqp_do_alloc_stats(elem);
        return (struct wq_prepost *)(void *)elem;
 }
 
-static struct wq_prepost *wq_prepost_rpop(uint64_t *id, int type)
+static struct wq_prepost *
+wq_prepost_rpop(uint64_t *id, int type)
 {
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
-       elem = wqt_elem_list_pop(&g_prepost_table, id, type);
+       struct lt_elem *elem;
+       elem = lt_elem_list_pop(&g_prepost_table, id, type);
        wqp_do_alloc_stats(elem);
        return (struct wq_prepost *)(void *)elem;
 }
 
-static void wq_prepost_release_rlist(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
+static void
+wq_prepost_release_rlist(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
 {
        int nelem = 0;
        struct wqp_cache *cache;
-       struct wqt_elem *elem;
+       struct lt_elem *elem;
 
-       if (!wqp)
+       if (!wqp) {
                return;
+       }
 
        elem = &wqp->wqte;
 
@@ -1897,13 +1056,14 @@ static void wq_prepost_release_rlist(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
         * if our cache is running low.
         */
        disable_preemption();
-       cache = &PROCESSOR_DATA(current_processor(), wqp_cache);
+       cache = PERCPU_GET(wqp_cache);
        if (cache->avail < WQP_CACHE_MAX) {
-               struct wqt_elem *tmp = NULL;
-               if (cache->head != WQT_IDX_MAX)
-                       tmp = wqt_elem_list_first(&g_prepost_table, cache->head);
-               nelem = wqt_elem_list_link(&g_prepost_table, elem, tmp);
-               cache->head = elem->wqt_id.id;
+               struct lt_elem *tmp = NULL;
+               if (cache->head != LT_IDX_MAX) {
+                       tmp = lt_elem_list_first(&g_prepost_table, cache->head);
+               }
+               nelem = lt_elem_list_link(&g_prepost_table, elem, tmp);
+               cache->head = elem->lt_id.id;
                cache->avail += nelem;
                enable_preemption();
                return;
@@ -1911,7 +1071,7 @@ static void wq_prepost_release_rlist(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
        enable_preemption();
 
        /* release these elements back to the main table */
-       nelem = wqt_elem_list_release(&g_prepost_table, elem, WQT_RESERVED);
+       nelem = lt_elem_list_release(&g_prepost_table, elem, LT_RESERVED);
 
 #if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
        g_prepost_table.nreserved_releases += 1;
@@ -1920,9 +1080,9 @@ static void wq_prepost_release_rlist(struct wq_prepost *wqp)
 }
 
 typedef int (*wqp_callback_func)(struct waitq_set *wqset,
-                                void *ctx,
-                                struct wq_prepost *wqp,
-                                struct waitq *waitq);
+    void *ctx,
+    struct wq_prepost *wqp,
+    struct waitq *waitq);
 
 /**
  * iterate over a chain of preposts associated with a waitq set.
@@ -1935,14 +1095,18 @@ typedef int (*wqp_callback_func)(struct waitq_set *wqset,
  *     may reset or adjust the waitq set's prepost ID pointer. If you don't
  *     want this extra processing, you can use wq_prepost_iterate().
  */
-static int wq_prepost_foreach_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
-                                    void *ctx, wqp_callback_func cb)
+static int
+wq_prepost_foreach_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
+    void *ctx, wqp_callback_func cb)
 {
-       int ret;
+       int ret = WQ_ITERATE_SUCCESS;
        struct wq_prepost *wqp, *tmp_wqp;
 
-       if (!wqset || !wqset->wqset_prepost_id)
+       assert(cb != NULL);
+
+       if (!wqset || !waitq_set_maybe_preposted(wqset)) {
                return WQ_ITERATE_SUCCESS;
+       }
 
 restart:
        wqp = wq_prepost_get(wqset->wqset_prepost_id);
@@ -1957,22 +1121,22 @@ restart:
 
        if (wqp_type(wqp) == WQP_WQ) {
                uint64_t __assert_only wqp_id = wqp->wqp_prepostid.id;
-               if (cb)
-                       ret = cb(wqset, ctx, wqp, wqp->wqp_wq.wqp_wq_ptr);
+
+               ret = cb(wqset, ctx, wqp, wqp->wqp_wq.wqp_wq_ptr);
 
                switch (ret) {
                case WQ_ITERATE_INVALIDATE_CONTINUE:
                        /* the caller wants to remove the only prepost here */
                        assert(wqp_id == wqset->wqset_prepost_id);
                        wqset->wqset_prepost_id = 0;
-                       /* fall through */
+                       OS_FALLTHROUGH;
                case WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE:
                        wq_prepost_put(wqp);
                        ret = WQ_ITERATE_SUCCESS;
                        break;
                case WQ_ITERATE_RESTART:
                        wq_prepost_put(wqp);
-                       /* fall through */
+                       OS_FALLTHROUGH;
                case WQ_ITERATE_DROPPED:
                        goto restart;
                default:
@@ -2024,9 +1188,7 @@ restart:
                 * drop the lock on our waitq set. We need to re-validate
                 * our state when this function returns.
                 */
-               if (cb)
-                       ret = cb(wqset, ctx, wqp,
-                                tmp_wqp->wqp_wq.wqp_wq_ptr);
+               ret = cb(wqset, ctx, wqp, tmp_wqp->wqp_wq.wqp_wq_ptr);
                wq_prepost_put(tmp_wqp);
 
                switch (ret) {
@@ -2042,7 +1204,7 @@ restart:
                        goto next_prepost;
                case WQ_ITERATE_RESTART:
                        wq_prepost_put(wqp);
-                       /* fall-through */
+                       OS_FALLTHROUGH;
                case WQ_ITERATE_DROPPED:
                        /* the callback dropped the ref to wqp: just restart */
                        goto restart;
@@ -2064,8 +1226,9 @@ restart:
 
 next_prepost:
                /* this was the last object in the list */
-               if (wqp_id == last_id)
+               if (wqp_id == last_id) {
                        break;
+               }
 
                /* get the next object */
                tmp_wqp = wq_prepost_get(next_id);
@@ -2077,9 +1240,9 @@ next_prepost:
                         * then something is wrong.
                         */
                        panic("Invalid WQP_POST member 0x%llx in waitq set "
-                             "0x%llx prepost list (first:%llx, "
-                             "wqp:%p)",
-                             next_id, wqset->wqset_id, first_id, wqp);
+                           "0x%llx prepost list (first:%llx, "
+                           "wqp:%p)",
+                           next_id, wqset->wqset_id, first_id, wqp);
                }
                wq_prepost_put(wqp);
                wqp = tmp_wqp;
@@ -2089,8 +1252,9 @@ next_prepost:
 
 finish_prepost_foreach:
        wq_prepost_put(wqp);
-       if (ret == WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE)
+       if (ret == WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE) {
                ret = WQ_ITERATE_SUCCESS;
+       }
 
        return ret;
 }
@@ -2110,26 +1274,31 @@ finish_prepost_foreach:
  *     want automatic prepost chain management (at a cost of extra CPU time),
  *     you can use: wq_prepost_foreach_locked().
  */
-static int wq_prepost_iterate(uint64_t prepost_id,
-                             void *ctx, wqp_callback_func cb)
+static int
+wq_prepost_iterate(uint64_t prepost_id,
+    void *ctx, wqp_callback_func cb)
 {
        int ret;
        struct wq_prepost *wqp;
 
-       if (!prepost_id)
+       if (!prepost_id) {
                return WQ_ITERATE_SUCCESS;
+       }
 
        wqp = wq_prepost_get(prepost_id);
-       if (!wqp)
+       if (!wqp) {
                return WQ_ITERATE_SUCCESS;
+       }
 
        if (wqp_type(wqp) == WQP_WQ) {
                ret = WQ_ITERATE_SUCCESS;
-               if (cb)
+               if (cb) {
                        ret = cb(NULL, ctx, wqp, wqp->wqp_wq.wqp_wq_ptr);
+               }
 
-               if (ret != WQ_ITERATE_DROPPED)
+               if (ret != WQ_ITERATE_DROPPED) {
                        wq_prepost_put(wqp);
+               }
                return ret;
        }
 
@@ -2153,13 +1322,16 @@ static int wq_prepost_iterate(uint64_t prepost_id,
                        wq = tmp_wqp->wqp_wq.wqp_wq_ptr;
                }
 
-               if (cb)
+               if (cb) {
                        ret = cb(NULL, ctx, wqp, wq);
-               if (tmp_wqp)
+               }
+               if (tmp_wqp) {
                        wq_prepost_put(tmp_wqp);
+               }
 
-               if (ret != WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE)
+               if (ret != WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE) {
                        break;
+               }
 
                tmp_wqp = wq_prepost_get(next_id);
                if (!tmp_wqp) {
@@ -2177,11 +1349,13 @@ static int wq_prepost_iterate(uint64_t prepost_id,
                assert(wqp_type(wqp) == WQP_POST);
        } while (next_id != prepost_id);
 
-       if (ret != WQ_ITERATE_DROPPED)
+       if (ret != WQ_ITERATE_DROPPED) {
                wq_prepost_put(wqp);
+       }
 
-       if (ret == WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE)
+       if (ret == WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE) {
                ret = WQ_ITERATE_SUCCESS;
+       }
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2191,8 +1365,9 @@ struct _is_posted_ctx {
        int did_prepost;
 };
 
-static int wq_is_preposted_on_set_cb(struct waitq_set *wqset, void *ctx,
-                                    struct wq_prepost *wqp, struct waitq *waitq)
+static int
+wq_is_preposted_on_set_cb(struct waitq_set *wqset, void *ctx,
+    struct wq_prepost *wqp, struct waitq *waitq)
 {
        struct _is_posted_ctx *pctx = (struct _is_posted_ctx *)ctx;
 
@@ -2203,8 +1378,9 @@ static int wq_is_preposted_on_set_cb(struct waitq_set *wqset, void *ctx,
         * Don't early-out, run through the _entire_ list:
         * This ensures that we retain a minimum number of invalid elements.
         */
-       if (pctx->posting_wq == waitq)
+       if (pctx->posting_wq == waitq) {
                pctx->did_prepost = 1;
+       }
 
        return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
 }
@@ -2222,7 +1398,8 @@ static int wq_is_preposted_on_set_cb(struct waitq_set *wqset, void *ctx,
  *
  * Returns non-zero if 'waitq' has already preposted to 'wqset'
  */
-static int wq_is_preposted_on_set(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset)
+static int
+wq_is_preposted_on_set(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
        int ret;
        struct _is_posted_ctx pctx;
@@ -2232,18 +1409,20 @@ static int wq_is_preposted_on_set(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset)
         * then it obviously already preposted to the set.
         */
        if (waitq->waitq_prepost_id != 0 &&
-           wqset->wqset_prepost_id == waitq->waitq_prepost_id)
+           wqset->wqset_prepost_id == waitq->waitq_prepost_id) {
                return 1;
+       }
 
        /* use full prepost iteration: always trim the list */
        pctx.posting_wq = waitq;
        pctx.did_prepost = 0;
        ret = wq_prepost_foreach_locked(wqset, (void *)&pctx,
-                                       wq_is_preposted_on_set_cb);
+           wq_is_preposted_on_set_cb);
        return pctx.did_prepost;
 }
 
-static struct wq_prepost *wq_get_prepost_obj(uint64_t *reserved, int type)
+static struct wq_prepost *
+wq_get_prepost_obj(uint64_t *reserved, int type)
 {
        struct wq_prepost *wqp = NULL;
        /*
@@ -2253,6 +1432,7 @@ static struct wq_prepost *wq_get_prepost_obj(uint64_t *reserved, int type)
         */
        if (reserved && *reserved) {
                wqp = wq_prepost_rpop(reserved, type);
+               assert(wqp->wqte.lt_id.idx < g_prepost_table.nelem);
        } else {
                /*
                 * TODO: if in interrupt context, grab from a special
@@ -2261,8 +1441,9 @@ static struct wq_prepost *wq_get_prepost_obj(uint64_t *reserved, int type)
                wqp = wq_prepost_alloc(type, 1);
        }
 
-       if (wqp == NULL)
+       if (wqp == NULL) {
                panic("Couldn't allocate prepost object!");
+       }
        return wqp;
 }
 
@@ -2273,7 +1454,7 @@ static struct wq_prepost *wq_get_prepost_obj(uint64_t *reserved, int type)
  * Parameters:
  *     wqset    The set onto which waitq will be preposted
  *     waitq    The waitq that's preposting
- *     reserved List (wqt_elem_list_ style) of pre-allocated prepost elements
+ *     reserved List (lt_elem_list_ style) of pre-allocated prepost elements
  *              Could be NULL
  *
  * Conditions:
@@ -2282,9 +1463,10 @@ static struct wq_prepost *wq_get_prepost_obj(uint64_t *reserved, int type)
  * Notes:
  *     If reserved is NULL, this may block on prepost table growth.
  */
-static void wq_prepost_do_post_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
-                                     struct waitq *waitq,
-                                     uint64_t *reserved)
+static void
+wq_prepost_do_post_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
+    struct waitq *waitq,
+    uint64_t *reserved)
 {
        struct wq_prepost *wqp_post, *wqp_head, *wqp_tail;
 
@@ -2294,8 +1476,11 @@ static void wq_prepost_do_post_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
         * nothing to do if it's already preposted:
         * note that this also culls any invalid prepost objects
         */
-       if (wq_is_preposted_on_set(waitq, wqset))
+       if (wq_is_preposted_on_set(waitq, wqset)) {
                return;
+       }
+
+       assert(waitqs_is_linked(wqset));
 
        /*
         * This function is called because an event is being posted to 'waitq'.
@@ -2311,13 +1496,13 @@ static void wq_prepost_do_post_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
                wq_prepost_put(wqp);
        }
 
-#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
+#if CONFIG_LTABLE_STATS
        g_prepost_table.npreposts += 1;
 #endif
 
        wqdbg_v("preposting waitq %p (0x%llx) to set 0x%llx",
-               (void *)VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq),
-               waitq->waitq_prepost_id, wqset->wqset_id);
+           (void *)VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq),
+           waitq->waitq_prepost_id, wqset->wqset_id);
 
        if (wqset->wqset_prepost_id == 0) {
                /* the set has no previous preposts */
@@ -2344,7 +1529,7 @@ static void wq_prepost_do_post_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
 
        wqp_post->wqp_post.wqp_wq_id = waitq->waitq_prepost_id;
        wqdbg_v("POST 0x%llx :: WQ 0x%llx", wqp_post->wqp_prepostid.id,
-               waitq->waitq_prepost_id);
+           waitq->waitq_prepost_id);
 
        if (wqp_type(wqp_head) == WQP_WQ) {
                /*
@@ -2353,8 +1538,8 @@ static void wq_prepost_do_post_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
                 */
                uint64_t wqp_id = wqp_head->wqp_prepostid.id;
                wqdbg_v("set 0x%llx previous had 1 WQ prepost (0x%llx): "
-                       "replacing with two POST preposts",
-                       wqset->wqset_id, wqp_id);
+                   "replacing with two POST preposts",
+                   wqset->wqset_id, wqp_id);
 
                /* drop the old reference */
                wq_prepost_put(wqp_head);
@@ -2365,8 +1550,8 @@ static void wq_prepost_do_post_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
                /* point this one to the original WQP_WQ object */
                wqp_head->wqp_post.wqp_wq_id = wqp_id;
                wqdbg_v("POST 0x%llx :: WQ 0x%llx",
-                       wqp_head->wqp_prepostid.id, wqp_id);
-       
+                   wqp_head->wqp_prepostid.id, wqp_id);
+
                /* link it to the new wqp_post object allocated earlier */
                wqp_head->wqp_post.wqp_next_id = wqp_post->wqp_prepostid.id;
                /* make the list a double-linked and circular */
@@ -2390,10 +1575,10 @@ static void wq_prepost_do_post_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
                wq_prepost_put(wqp_post);
 
                wqdbg_v("set 0x%llx: 0x%llx/0x%llx -> 0x%llx/0x%llx -> 0x%llx",
-                       wqset->wqset_id, wqset->wqset_prepost_id,
-                       wqp_head->wqp_prepostid.id, wqp_head->wqp_post.wqp_next_id,
-                       wqp_post->wqp_prepostid.id,
-                       wqp_post->wqp_post.wqp_next_id);
+                   wqset->wqset_id, wqset->wqset_prepost_id,
+                   wqp_head->wqp_prepostid.id, wqp_head->wqp_post.wqp_next_id,
+                   wqp_post->wqp_prepostid.id,
+                   wqp_post->wqp_post.wqp_next_id);
                return;
        }
 
@@ -2427,9 +1612,9 @@ static void wq_prepost_do_post_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
        wq_prepost_put(wqp_post);
 
        wqdbg_v("set 0x%llx (wqp:0x%llx) last_prepost:0x%llx, "
-               "new_prepost:0x%llx->0x%llx", wqset->wqset_id,
-               wqset->wqset_prepost_id, wqp_head->wqp_prepostid.id,
-               wqp_post->wqp_prepostid.id, wqp_post->wqp_post.wqp_next_id);
+           "new_prepost:0x%llx->0x%llx", wqset->wqset_id,
+           wqset->wqset_prepost_id, wqp_head->wqp_prepostid.id,
+           wqp_post->wqp_prepostid.id, wqp_post->wqp_post.wqp_next_id);
 
        return;
 }
@@ -2440,8 +1625,9 @@ static void wq_prepost_do_post_locked(struct waitq_set *wqset,
  * Stats collection / reporting
  *
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
-#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
-static void wq_table_stats(struct wq_table *table, struct wq_table_stats *stats)
+#if CONFIG_LTABLE_STATS && CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
+static void
+wq_table_stats(struct link_table *table, struct wq_table_stats *stats)
 {
        stats->version = WAITQ_STATS_VERSION;
        stats->table_elements = table->nelem;
@@ -2460,14 +1646,17 @@ static void wq_table_stats(struct wq_table *table, struct wq_table_stats *stats)
        stats->table_avg_reservations = table->avg_reservations;
 }
 
-void waitq_link_stats(struct wq_table_stats *stats)
+void
+waitq_link_stats(struct wq_table_stats *stats)
 {
-       if (!stats)
+       if (!stats) {
                return;
-       wq_table_stats(&g_linktable, stats);
+       }
+       wq_table_stats(&g_wqlinktable, stats);
 }
 
-void waitq_prepost_stats(struct wq_table_stats *stats)
+void
+waitq_prepost_stats(struct wq_table_stats *stats)
 {
        wq_table_stats(&g_prepost_table, stats);
 }
@@ -2489,65 +1678,63 @@ static uint32_t g_num_waitqs = 1;
  */
 #define _CAST_TO_EVENT_MASK(event)   ((uintptr_t)(event) & ((1ul << _EVENT_MASK_BITS) - 1ul))
 
-/*
- * The Jenkins "one at a time" hash.
- * TBD: There may be some value to unrolling here,
- * depending on the architecture.
- */
-static __inline__ uint32_t waitq_hash(char *key, size_t length)
+static __inline__ uint32_t
+waitq_hash(char *key, size_t length)
 {
-       uint32_t hash = 0;
-       size_t i;
-
-       for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-               hash += key[i];
-               hash += (hash << 10);
-               hash ^= (hash >> 6);
-       }
-
-       hash += (hash << 3);
-       hash ^= (hash >> 11);
-       hash += (hash << 15);
+       uint32_t hash = os_hash_jenkins(key, length);
 
        hash &= (g_num_waitqs - 1);
        return hash;
 }
 
 /* return a global waitq pointer corresponding to the given event */
-struct waitq *_global_eventq(char *event, size_t event_length)
+struct waitq *
+_global_eventq(char *event, size_t event_length)
 {
        return &global_waitqs[waitq_hash(event, event_length)];
 }
 
 /* return an indexed global waitq pointer */
-struct waitq *global_waitq(int index)
+struct waitq *
+global_waitq(int index)
 {
        return &global_waitqs[index % g_num_waitqs];
 }
 
 
-#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
+#if CONFIG_LTABLE_STATS || CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
 /* this global is for lldb */
 const uint32_t g_nwaitq_btframes = NWAITQ_BTFRAMES;
-struct wq_stats g_boot_stats;
-struct wq_stats *g_waitq_stats = &g_boot_stats;
 
-static __inline__ void waitq_grab_backtrace(uintptr_t bt[NWAITQ_BTFRAMES], int skip)
+static __inline__ void
+waitq_grab_backtrace(uintptr_t bt[NWAITQ_BTFRAMES], int skip)
 {
        uintptr_t buf[NWAITQ_BTFRAMES + skip];
-       if (skip < 0)
+       if (skip < 0) {
                skip = 0;
+       }
        memset(buf, 0, (NWAITQ_BTFRAMES + skip) * sizeof(uintptr_t));
-       fastbacktrace(buf, g_nwaitq_btframes + skip);
+       backtrace(buf, g_nwaitq_btframes + skip, NULL);
        memcpy(&bt[0], &buf[skip], NWAITQ_BTFRAMES * sizeof(uintptr_t));
 }
+#else /* no stats */
+#define waitq_grab_backtrace(...)
+#endif
+
+#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
+
+struct wq_stats g_boot_stats;
+struct wq_stats *g_waitq_stats = &g_boot_stats;
 
-static __inline__ struct wq_stats *waitq_global_stats(struct waitq *waitq) {
+static __inline__ struct wq_stats *
+waitq_global_stats(struct waitq *waitq)
+{
        struct wq_stats *wqs;
        uint32_t idx;
 
-       if (!waitq_is_global(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_is_global(waitq)) {
                return NULL;
+       }
 
        idx = (uint32_t)(((uintptr_t)waitq - (uintptr_t)global_waitqs) / sizeof(*waitq));
        assert(idx < g_num_waitqs);
@@ -2555,7 +1742,8 @@ static __inline__ struct wq_stats *waitq_global_stats(struct waitq *waitq) {
        return wqs;
 }
 
-static __inline__ void waitq_stats_count_wait(struct waitq *waitq)
+static __inline__ void
+waitq_stats_count_wait(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
        struct wq_stats *wqs = waitq_global_stats(waitq);
        if (wqs != NULL) {
@@ -2564,7 +1752,8 @@ static __inline__ void waitq_stats_count_wait(struct waitq *waitq)
        }
 }
 
-static __inline__ void waitq_stats_count_wakeup(struct waitq *waitq)
+static __inline__ void
+waitq_stats_count_wakeup(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
        struct wq_stats *wqs = waitq_global_stats(waitq);
        if (wqs != NULL) {
@@ -2573,7 +1762,8 @@ static __inline__ void waitq_stats_count_wakeup(struct waitq *waitq)
        }
 }
 
-static __inline__ void waitq_stats_count_clear_wakeup(struct waitq *waitq)
+static __inline__ void
+waitq_stats_count_clear_wakeup(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
        struct wq_stats *wqs = waitq_global_stats(waitq);
        if (wqs != NULL) {
@@ -2583,7 +1773,8 @@ static __inline__ void waitq_stats_count_clear_wakeup(struct waitq *waitq)
        }
 }
 
-static __inline__ void waitq_stats_count_fail(struct waitq *waitq)
+static __inline__ void
+waitq_stats_count_fail(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
        struct wq_stats *wqs = waitq_global_stats(waitq);
        if (wqs != NULL) {
@@ -2591,57 +1782,131 @@ static __inline__ void waitq_stats_count_fail(struct waitq *waitq)
                waitq_grab_backtrace(wqs->last_failed_wakeup, 2);
        }
 }
-#else
+#else /* !CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS */
 #define waitq_stats_count_wait(q)         do { } while (0)
 #define waitq_stats_count_wakeup(q)       do { } while (0)
 #define waitq_stats_count_clear_wakeup(q) do { } while (0)
 #define waitq_stats_count_fail(q)         do { } while (0)
 #endif
 
-int waitq_is_valid(struct waitq *waitq)
+int
+waitq_is_valid(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
-       return (waitq != NULL) && ((waitq->waitq_type & ~1) == WQT_QUEUE);
+       return (waitq != NULL) && waitq->waitq_isvalid;
 }
 
-int waitq_set_is_valid(struct waitq_set *wqset)
+int
+waitq_set_is_valid(struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
-       return (wqset != NULL) && waitqs_is_set(wqset);
+       return (wqset != NULL) && wqset->wqset_q.waitq_isvalid && waitqs_is_set(wqset);
 }
 
-int waitq_is_global(struct waitq *waitq)
+int
+waitq_is_global(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
-       if (waitq >= global_waitqs && waitq < global_waitqs + g_num_waitqs)
+       if (waitq >= global_waitqs && waitq < global_waitqs + g_num_waitqs) {
                return 1;
+       }
        return 0;
 }
 
-int waitq_irq_safe(struct waitq *waitq)
+int
+waitq_irq_safe(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
        /* global wait queues have this bit set on initialization */
        return waitq->waitq_irq;
 }
 
-static uint32_t waitq_hash_size(void)
+static inline bool
+waitq_empty(struct waitq *wq)
+{
+       if (waitq_is_turnstile_queue(wq)) {
+               return priority_queue_empty(&wq->waitq_prio_queue);
+       } else if (waitq_is_turnstile_proxy(wq)) {
+               struct turnstile *ts = wq->waitq_ts;
+               return ts == TURNSTILE_NULL ||
+                      priority_queue_empty(&ts->ts_waitq.waitq_prio_queue);
+       } else {
+               return queue_empty(&wq->waitq_queue);
+       }
+}
+
+static struct waitq *
+waitq_get_safeq(struct waitq *waitq)
+{
+       /* Check if it's a port waitq */
+       if (waitq_is_turnstile_proxy(waitq)) {
+               struct turnstile *ts = waitq->waitq_ts;
+               return ts ? &ts->ts_waitq : NULL;
+       }
+       return global_eventq(waitq);
+}
+
+static uint32_t
+waitq_hash_size(void)
+{
+       uint32_t hsize, queues;
+
+       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("wqsize", &hsize, sizeof(hsize))) {
+               return hsize;
+       }
+
+       queues = thread_max / 5;
+       hsize = P2ROUNDUP(queues * sizeof(struct waitq), PAGE_SIZE);
+
+       return hsize;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Since the priority ordered waitq uses basepri as the
+ * ordering key assert that this value fits in a uint8_t.
+ */
+static_assert(MAXPRI <= UINT8_MAX);
+
+static inline void
+waitq_thread_insert(struct waitq *wq,
+    thread_t thread, boolean_t fifo)
+{
+       if (waitq_is_turnstile_queue(wq)) {
+               turnstile_stats_update(0, TSU_TURNSTILE_BLOCK_COUNT, NULL);
+               turnstile_waitq_add_thread_priority_queue(wq, thread);
+       } else {
+               turnstile_stats_update(0, TSU_REGULAR_WAITQ_BLOCK_COUNT, NULL);
+               if (fifo) {
+                       enqueue_tail(&wq->waitq_queue, &thread->wait_links);
+               } else {
+                       enqueue_head(&wq->waitq_queue, &thread->wait_links);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static inline void
+waitq_thread_remove(struct waitq *wq,
+    thread_t thread)
 {
-       uint32_t hsize, queues;
-       
-       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("wqsize", &hsize, sizeof(hsize)))
-               return (hsize);
-
-       queues = thread_max / 11;
-       hsize = P2ROUNDUP(queues * sizeof(struct waitq), PAGE_SIZE);
-
-       return hsize;
+       if (waitq_is_turnstile_queue(wq)) {
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_TRACE,
+                   (TURNSTILE_CODE(TURNSTILE_HEAP_OPERATIONS, (THREAD_REMOVED_FROM_TURNSTILE_WAITQ))) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                   VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq_to_turnstile(wq)),
+                   thread_tid(thread),
+                   0, 0, 0);
+               priority_queue_remove(&wq->waitq_prio_queue, &thread->wait_prioq_links);
+       } else {
+               remqueue(&(thread->wait_links));
+       }
 }
 
-void waitq_bootstrap(void)
+void
+waitq_bootstrap(void)
 {
        kern_return_t kret;
-       uint32_t whsize, qsz;
+       uint32_t whsize, qsz, tmp32;
 
-       wq_table_bootstrap();
-       lt_init();
-       wqp_init();
+       g_min_free_table_elem = DEFAULT_MIN_FREE_TABLE_ELEM;
+       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("wqt_min_free", &tmp32, sizeof(tmp32)) == TRUE) {
+               g_min_free_table_elem = tmp32;
+       }
+       wqdbg("Minimum free table elements: %d", tmp32);
 
        /*
         * Determine the amount of memory we're willing to reserve for
@@ -2660,8 +1925,9 @@ void waitq_bootstrap(void)
         */
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 31; i++) {
                uint32_t bit = (1 << i);
-               if ((g_num_waitqs & bit) == g_num_waitqs)
+               if ((g_num_waitqs & bit) == g_num_waitqs) {
                        break;
+               }
                g_num_waitqs &= ~bit;
        }
        assert(g_num_waitqs > 0);
@@ -2671,31 +1937,32 @@ void waitq_bootstrap(void)
 
        wqdbg("allocating %d global queues  (%d bytes)", g_num_waitqs, whsize);
        kret = kernel_memory_allocate(kernel_map, (vm_offset_t *)&global_waitqs,
-                                     whsize, 0, KMA_KOBJECT|KMA_NOPAGEWAIT, VM_KERN_MEMORY_WAITQ);
-       if (kret != KERN_SUCCESS || global_waitqs == NULL)
+           whsize, 0, KMA_KOBJECT | KMA_NOPAGEWAIT, VM_KERN_MEMORY_WAITQ);
+       if (kret != KERN_SUCCESS || global_waitqs == NULL) {
                panic("kernel_memory_allocate() failed to alloc global_waitqs"
-                     ", error: %d, whsize: 0x%x", kret, whsize);
+                   ", error: %d, whsize: 0x%x", kret, whsize);
+       }
 
 #if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
        whsize = P2ROUNDUP(g_num_waitqs * sizeof(struct wq_stats), PAGE_SIZE);
        kret = kernel_memory_allocate(kernel_map, (vm_offset_t *)&g_waitq_stats,
-                                     whsize, 0, KMA_KOBJECT|KMA_NOPAGEWAIT, VM_KERN_MEMORY_WAITQ);
-       if (kret != KERN_SUCCESS || global_waitqs == NULL)
+           whsize, 0, KMA_KOBJECT | KMA_NOPAGEWAIT, VM_KERN_MEMORY_WAITQ);
+       if (kret != KERN_SUCCESS || global_waitqs == NULL) {
                panic("kernel_memory_allocate() failed to alloc g_waitq_stats"
-                     ", error: %d, whsize: 0x%x", kret, whsize);
+                   ", error: %d, whsize: 0x%x", kret, whsize);
+       }
        memset(g_waitq_stats, 0, whsize);
 #endif
 
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < g_num_waitqs; i++) {
-               waitq_init(&global_waitqs[i], SYNC_POLICY_FIFO|SYNC_POLICY_DISABLE_IRQ);
+               waitq_init(&global_waitqs[i], SYNC_POLICY_FIFO | SYNC_POLICY_DISABLE_IRQ);
        }
 
+       /* initialize the global waitq link table */
+       wql_init();
 
-       waitq_set_zone = zinit(sizeof(struct waitq_set),
-                              WAITQ_SET_MAX * sizeof(struct waitq_set),
-                              sizeof(struct waitq_set),
-                              "waitq sets");
-       zone_change(waitq_set_zone, Z_NOENCRYPT, TRUE);
+       /* initialize the global waitq prepost table */
+       wqp_init();
 }
 
 
@@ -2713,41 +1980,45 @@ void waitq_bootstrap(void)
  */
 /* For x86, the hardware timeout is in TSC units. */
 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
-#define        hwLockTimeOut LockTimeOutTSC
+#define hwLockTimeOut LockTimeOutTSC
 #else
-#define        hwLockTimeOut LockTimeOut
+#define hwLockTimeOut LockTimeOut
 #endif
 
-void waitq_lock(struct waitq *wq)
+void
+waitq_lock(struct waitq *wq)
 {
-       if (__improbable(hw_lock_to(&(wq)->waitq_interlock,
-                                   hwLockTimeOut * 2) == 0)) {
+       if (__improbable(waitq_lock_to(wq,
+           hwLockTimeOut * 2) == 0)) {
                boolean_t wql_acquired = FALSE;
 
                while (machine_timeout_suspended()) {
-#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
-                       /*
-                        * i386/x86_64 return with preemption disabled on a
-                        * timeout for diagnostic purposes.
-                        */
                        mp_enable_preemption();
-#endif
-                       wql_acquired = hw_lock_to(&(wq)->waitq_interlock,
-                                                 hwLockTimeOut * 2);
-                       if (wql_acquired)
+                       wql_acquired = waitq_lock_to(wq,
+                           hwLockTimeOut * 2);
+                       if (wql_acquired) {
                                break;
+                       }
                }
-               if (wql_acquired == FALSE)
+               if (wql_acquired == FALSE) {
                        panic("waitq deadlock - waitq=%p, cpu=%d\n",
-                             wq, cpu_number());
+                           wq, cpu_number());
+               }
        }
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+       pltrace(FALSE);
+#endif
        assert(waitq_held(wq));
 }
 
-void waitq_unlock(struct waitq *wq)
+void
+waitq_unlock(struct waitq *wq)
 {
        assert(waitq_held(wq));
-       hw_lock_unlock(&(wq)->waitq_interlock);
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+       pltrace(TRUE);
+#endif
+       waitq_lock_unlock(wq);
 }
 
 
@@ -2757,7 +2028,8 @@ void waitq_unlock(struct waitq *wq)
  * Conditions:
  *     'thread' is locked
  */
-static inline void thread_clear_waitq_state(thread_t thread)
+static inline void
+thread_clear_waitq_state(thread_t thread)
 {
        thread->waitq = NULL;
        thread->wait_event = NO_EVENT64;
@@ -2766,7 +2038,7 @@ static inline void thread_clear_waitq_state(thread_t thread)
 
 
 typedef thread_t (*waitq_select_cb)(void *ctx, struct waitq *waitq,
-                                   int is_global, thread_t thread);
+    int is_global, thread_t thread);
 
 struct waitq_select_args {
        /* input parameters */
@@ -2775,6 +2047,7 @@ struct waitq_select_args {
        event64_t        event;
        waitq_select_cb  select_cb;
        void            *select_ctx;
+       int             priority;
 
        uint64_t        *reserved_preposts;
 
@@ -2801,32 +2074,33 @@ static void do_waitq_select_n_locked(struct waitq_select_args *args);
  *     If no threads were selected, it preposts the input waitq
  *     onto the waitq set pointed to by 'link'.
  */
-static int waitq_select_walk_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
-                               struct setid_link *link)
+static int
+waitq_select_walk_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
+    struct waitq_link *link)
 {
        int ret = WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
        struct waitq_select_args args = *((struct waitq_select_args *)ctx);
        struct waitq_set *wqset;
-       int get_spl = 0;
-       spl_t set_spl;
 
        (void)waitq;
-       assert(sl_type(link) == SLT_WQS);
+       assert(wql_type(link) == WQL_WQS);
 
-       wqset = link->sl_wqs.sl_set;
+       wqset = link->wql_wqs.wql_set;
        args.waitq = &wqset->wqset_q;
 
-       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq) && waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q)) {
-               get_spl = 1;
-               set_spl = splsched();
-       }
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q));
+
        waitq_set_lock(wqset);
        /*
         * verify that the link wasn't invalidated just before
         * we were able to take the lock.
         */
-       if (wqset->wqset_id != link->sl_set_id.id)
+       if (wqset->wqset_id != link->wql_setid.id) {
                goto out_unlock;
+       }
+
+       assert(waitqs_is_linked(wqset));
 
        /*
         * Find any threads waiting on this wait queue set,
@@ -2834,119 +2108,345 @@ static int waitq_select_walk_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
         */
        do_waitq_select_n_locked(&args);
 
-       if (*(args.nthreads) > 0 ||
-           (args.threadq && !queue_empty(args.threadq))) {
+       if (*args.nthreads > 0 || (args.threadq && !queue_empty(args.threadq))) {
                /* at least 1 thread was selected and returned: don't prepost */
-               if (args.max_threads > 0 &&
-                   *(args.nthreads) >= args.max_threads) {
+               if (args.max_threads > 0 && *args.nthreads >= args.max_threads) {
                        /* break out of the setid walk */
                        ret = WQ_ITERATE_FOUND;
                }
-               goto out_unlock;
-       } else {
+       } else if (args.event == NO_EVENT64) {
                /*
                 * No thread selected: prepost 'waitq' to 'wqset'
                 * if wqset can handle preposts and the event is set to 0.
                 * We also make sure to not post waitq sets to other sets.
                 *
-                * In the future, we may consider an optimization to prepost
-                * 'args.posted_waitq' directly to 'wqset' to avoid
-                * unnecessary data structure manipulations in the kqueue path
+                * If the set doesn't support preposts, but does support
+                * prepost callout/hook interaction, invoke the predefined
+                * callout function and pass the set's 'prepost_hook.' This
+                * could potentially release another thread to handle events.
                 */
-               if (args.event == NO_EVENT64 && waitq_set_can_prepost(wqset)) {
-                       wq_prepost_do_post_locked(wqset, waitq,
-                                                 args.reserved_preposts);
+               if (waitq_set_can_prepost(wqset)) {
+                       wq_prepost_do_post_locked(
+                               wqset, waitq, args.reserved_preposts);
+               } else if (waitq_set_has_prepost_hook(wqset)) {
+                       waitq_set_prepost_hook_t *hook = wqset->wqset_prepost_hook;
+
+                       /*
+                        * When calling out to the prepost hook,
+                        * we drop the waitq lock, to allow for the kevent
+                        * subsytem to call into the waitq subsystem again,
+                        * without risking a deadlock.
+                        *
+                        * However, we need to guard against wqset going away,
+                        * so we increment the prepost hook use count
+                        * while the lock is dropped.
+                        *
+                        * This lets waitq_set_deinit() know to wait for the
+                        * prepost hook call to be done before it can proceed.
+                        *
+                        * Note: we need to keep preemption disabled the whole
+                        * time as waitq_set_deinit will spin on this.
+                        */
+
+                       disable_preemption();
+                       os_atomic_add(hook, (uint16_t)1, relaxed);
+                       waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
+
+                       waitq_set__CALLING_PREPOST_HOOK__(hook);
+
+                       /* Note: after this decrement, the wqset may be deallocated */
+                       os_atomic_add(hook, (uint16_t)-1, relaxed);
+                       enable_preemption();
+                       return ret;
                }
        }
 
 out_unlock:
        waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-       if (get_spl)
-               splx(set_spl);
        return ret;
 }
 
 /**
- * generic thread selection from a waitq (and sets to which the waitq belongs)
+ * Routine to iterate over the waitq for non-priority ordered waitqs
  *
  * Conditions:
  *     args->waitq (and args->posted_waitq) is locked
  *
  * Notes:
  *     Uses the optional select callback function to refine the selection
- *     of one or more threads from a waitq and any set to which the waitq
- *     belongs. The select callback is invoked once for every thread that
- *     is found to be waiting on the input args->waitq.
+ *     of one or more threads from a waitq. The select callback is invoked
+ *     once for every thread that is found to be waiting on the input args->waitq.
  *
  *     If one or more threads are selected, this may disable interrupts.
  *     The previous interrupt state is returned in args->spl and should
  *     be used in a call to splx() if threads are returned to the caller.
  */
-static void do_waitq_select_n_locked(struct waitq_select_args *args)
+static thread_t
+waitq_queue_iterate_locked(struct waitq *safeq, struct waitq *waitq,
+    spl_t spl, struct waitq_select_args *args,
+    uint32_t *remaining_eventmask)
 {
-       struct waitq *waitq = args->waitq;
        int max_threads = args->max_threads;
-       thread_t thread = THREAD_NULL, first_thread = THREAD_NULL;
-       int global_q = 0;
-       unsigned long eventmask = 0;
        int *nthreads = args->nthreads;
+       thread_t thread = THREAD_NULL;
+       thread_t first_thread = THREAD_NULL;
 
-       assert(max_threads != 0);
-
-       global_q = waitq_is_global(waitq);
-       if (global_q) {
-               eventmask = _CAST_TO_EVENT_MASK(args->event);
-               /* make sure this waitq accepts this event mask */
-               if ((waitq->waitq_eventmask & eventmask) != eventmask)
-                       return;
-               eventmask = 0;
-       }
-
-       /* look through each thread waiting directly on the waitq */
-       qe_foreach_element_safe(thread, &waitq->waitq_queue, links) {
+       qe_foreach_element_safe(thread, &safeq->waitq_queue, wait_links) {
                thread_t t = THREAD_NULL;
-               assert(thread->waitq == waitq);
-               if (thread->wait_event == args->event) {
+               assert_thread_magic(thread);
+
+               /*
+                * For non-priority ordered waitqs, we allow multiple events to be
+                * mux'ed into the same waitq. Also safeqs may contain threads from
+                * multiple waitqs. Only pick threads that match the
+                * requested wait event.
+                */
+               if (thread->waitq == waitq && thread->wait_event == args->event) {
                        t = thread;
-                       if (first_thread == THREAD_NULL)
+                       if (first_thread == THREAD_NULL) {
                                first_thread = thread;
+                       }
 
                        /* allow the caller to futher refine the selection */
-                       if (args->select_cb)
+                       if (args->select_cb) {
                                t = args->select_cb(args->select_ctx, waitq,
-                                                   global_q, thread);
+                                   waitq_is_global(waitq), thread);
+                       }
                        if (t != THREAD_NULL) {
                                *nthreads += 1;
                                if (args->threadq) {
-                                       if (*nthreads == 1)
-                                               *(args->spl) = splsched();
+                                       /* if output queue, add locked thread to it */
+                                       if (*nthreads == 1) {
+                                               *(args->spl) = (safeq != waitq) ? spl : splsched();
+                                       }
                                        thread_lock(t);
                                        thread_clear_waitq_state(t);
-                                       /* put locked thread on output queue */
-                                       re_queue_tail(args->threadq, &t->links);
+                                       re_queue_tail(args->threadq, &t->wait_links);
                                }
                                /* only enqueue up to 'max' threads */
-                               if (*nthreads >= max_threads && max_threads > 0)
+                               if (*nthreads >= max_threads && max_threads > 0) {
                                        break;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               /* thread wasn't selected so track it's event */
+               if (t == THREAD_NULL) {
+                       *remaining_eventmask |= (thread->waitq != safeq) ?
+                           _CAST_TO_EVENT_MASK(thread->waitq) : _CAST_TO_EVENT_MASK(thread->wait_event);
+               }
+       }
+
+       return first_thread;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Routine to iterate and remove threads from priority ordered waitqs
+ *
+ * Conditions:
+ *     args->waitq (and args->posted_waitq) is locked
+ *
+ * Notes:
+ *     The priority ordered waitqs only support maximum priority element removal.
+ *
+ *     Also, the implementation makes sure that all threads in a priority ordered
+ *     waitq are waiting on the same wait event. This is not necessarily true for
+ *     non-priority ordered waitqs. If one or more threads are selected, this may
+ *     disable interrupts. The previous interrupt state is returned in args->spl
+ *     and should be used in a call to splx() if threads are returned to the caller.
+ *
+ *     In the future, we could support priority ordered waitqs with multiple wait
+ *     events in the same queue. The way to implement that would be to keep removing
+ *     elements from the waitq and if the event does not match the requested one,
+ *     add it to a local list. This local list of elements needs to be re-inserted
+ *     into the priority queue at the end and the select_cb return value &
+ *     remaining_eventmask would need to be handled appropriately. The implementation
+ *     is not very efficient but would work functionally.
+ */
+static thread_t
+waitq_prioq_iterate_locked(struct waitq *safeq, struct waitq *waitq,
+    spl_t spl, struct waitq_select_args *args,
+    uint32_t *remaining_eventmask)
+{
+       int max_threads = args->max_threads;
+       int *nthreads = args->nthreads;
+       thread_t first_thread = THREAD_NULL;
+       thread_t thread = THREAD_NULL;
+
+       /*
+        * The waitq select routines need to handle two cases:
+        * Case 1: Peek at maximum priority thread in the waitq (remove_op = 0)
+        *         Get the maximum priority thread from the waitq without removing it.
+        *         In that case args->threadq == NULL and max_threads == 1.
+        * Case 2: Remove 'n' highest priority threads from waitq (remove_op = 1)
+        *         Get max_threads (if available) while removing them from the waitq.
+        *         In that case args->threadq != NULL and max_threads is one of {-1, 1}.
+        *
+        * The only possible values for remaining_eventmask for the priority queue
+        * waitq are either 0 (for the remove all threads case) or the original
+        * safeq->waitq_eventmask (for the lookup/remove one thread cases).
+        */
+       *remaining_eventmask = safeq->waitq_eventmask;
+       boolean_t remove_op = !!(args->threadq);
+
+       while ((max_threads <= 0) || (*nthreads < max_threads)) {
+               if (priority_queue_empty(&(safeq->waitq_prio_queue))) {
+                       *remaining_eventmask = 0;
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               if (remove_op) {
+                       thread = priority_queue_remove_max(&safeq->waitq_prio_queue,
+                           struct thread, wait_prioq_links);
+               } else {
+                       /* For the peek operation, the only valid value for max_threads is 1 */
+                       assert(max_threads == 1);
+                       thread = priority_queue_max(&safeq->waitq_prio_queue,
+                           struct thread, wait_prioq_links);
+               }
+               /*
+                * Ensure the wait event matches since priority ordered waitqs do not
+                * support multiple events in the same waitq.
+                */
+               assert((thread->waitq == waitq) && (thread->wait_event == args->event));
+
+               if (args->select_cb) {
+                       /*
+                        * Call the select_cb passed into the waitq_select args. The callback
+                        * updates the select_ctx with information about the highest priority
+                        * thread which is eventually used by the caller.
+                        */
+                       thread_t __assert_only ret_thread = args->select_cb(args->select_ctx, waitq,
+                           waitq_is_global(waitq), thread);
+                       if (!remove_op) {
+                               /* For the peek operation, the thread should not be selected for addition */
+                               assert(ret_thread == THREAD_NULL);
+                       } else {
+                               /*
+                                * For the remove operation, the select routine should always return a valid
+                                * thread for priority waitqs. Since all threads in a prioq are equally
+                                * eligible, it should match the thread removed from the prioq. If this
+                                * invariant changes, the implementation would need to handle the
+                                * remaining_eventmask here correctly.
+                                */
+                               assert(ret_thread == thread);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (first_thread == THREAD_NULL) {
+                       first_thread = thread;
+                       /*
+                        * turnstile_kernel_update_inheritor_on_wake_locked will lock
+                        * first_thread, so call it before locking it.
+                        */
+                       if (args->priority == WAITQ_PROMOTE_ON_WAKE && first_thread != THREAD_NULL && waitq_is_turnstile_queue(safeq)) {
+                               turnstile_kernel_update_inheritor_on_wake_locked(waitq_to_turnstile(safeq), (turnstile_inheritor_t)first_thread, TURNSTILE_INHERITOR_THREAD);
                        }
                }
-               /* thread wasn't selected, and the waitq is global */
-               if (t == THREAD_NULL && global_q)
-                       eventmask |= _CAST_TO_EVENT_MASK(thread->wait_event);
+
+               /* For the peek operation, break out early */
+               if (!remove_op) {
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               /* Add the thread to the result thread list */
+               *nthreads += 1;
+               if (*nthreads == 1) {
+                       *(args->spl) = (safeq != waitq) ? spl : splsched();
+               }
+               thread_lock(thread);
+               thread_clear_waitq_state(thread);
+               enqueue_tail(args->threadq, &(thread->wait_links));
+       }
+
+       return first_thread;
+}
+
+/**
+ * generic thread selection from a waitq (and sets to which the waitq belongs)
+ *
+ * Conditions:
+ *     args->waitq (and args->posted_waitq) is locked
+ *
+ * Notes:
+ *     Uses the optional select callback function to refine the selection
+ *     of one or more threads from a waitq and any set to which the waitq
+ *     belongs. The select callback is invoked once for every thread that
+ *     is found to be waiting on the input args->waitq.
+ *
+ *     If one or more threads are selected, this may disable interrupts.
+ *     The previous interrupt state is returned in args->spl and should
+ *     be used in a call to splx() if threads are returned to the caller.
+ */
+static void
+do_waitq_select_n_locked(struct waitq_select_args *args)
+{
+       struct waitq *waitq = args->waitq;
+       int max_threads = args->max_threads;
+       thread_t first_thread = THREAD_NULL;
+       struct waitq *safeq;
+       uint32_t remaining_eventmask = 0;
+       uint32_t eventmask;
+       int *nthreads = args->nthreads;
+       spl_t spl = 0;
+
+       assert(max_threads != 0);
+
+       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+               /* JMM - add flag to waitq to avoid global lookup if no waiters */
+               eventmask = _CAST_TO_EVENT_MASK(waitq);
+               safeq = waitq_get_safeq(waitq);
+               if (safeq == NULL) {
+                       /*
+                        * in the WQT_TSPROXY case, if there's no turnstile,
+                        * there's no queue and no waiters, so we can move straight
+                        * to the waitq set recursion
+                        */
+                       goto handle_waitq_set;
+               }
+
+               if (*nthreads == 0) {
+                       spl = splsched();
+               }
+               waitq_lock(safeq);
+       } else {
+               eventmask = _CAST_TO_EVENT_MASK(args->event);
+               safeq = waitq;
        }
 
        /*
-        * Update the eventmask of global queues:
-        * - If we selected all the threads in the queue, or we selected zero
-        *   threads on the queue, set the eventmask to the calculated value
-        *   (potentially 0 if we selected them all)
-        * - If we just pulled out a subset of threads from the queue, then we
-        *   can't assume the calculated mask is complete (because we may not
-        *   have made it through all the threads in the queue), so we have to
-        *   leave it alone.
+        * If the safeq doesn't have an eventmask (not global) or the event
+        * we're looking for IS set in its eventmask, then scan the threads
+        * in that queue for ones that match the original <waitq,event> pair.
         */
-       if (global_q && (queue_empty(&waitq->waitq_queue) || *nthreads == 0))
-               waitq->waitq_eventmask = (typeof(waitq->waitq_eventmask))eventmask;
+       if (!waitq_is_global(safeq) ||
+           (safeq->waitq_eventmask & eventmask) == eventmask) {
+               if (waitq_is_turnstile_queue(safeq)) {
+                       first_thread = waitq_prioq_iterate_locked(safeq, waitq,
+                           spl, args,
+                           &remaining_eventmask);
+               } else {
+                       first_thread = waitq_queue_iterate_locked(safeq, waitq,
+                           spl, args,
+                           &remaining_eventmask);
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * Update the eventmask of global queues we just scanned:
+                * - If we selected all the threads in the queue, we can clear its
+                *   eventmask.
+                *
+                * - If we didn't find enough threads to fill our needs, then we can
+                *   assume we looked at every thread in the queue and the mask we
+                *   computed is complete - so reset it.
+                */
+               if (waitq_is_global(safeq)) {
+                       if (waitq_empty(safeq)) {
+                               safeq->waitq_eventmask = 0;
+                       } else if (max_threads < 0 || *nthreads < max_threads) {
+                               safeq->waitq_eventmask = remaining_eventmask;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
 
        /*
         * Grab the first thread in the queue if no other thread was selected.
@@ -2956,35 +2456,49 @@ static void do_waitq_select_n_locked(struct waitq_select_args *args)
        if (*nthreads == 0 && first_thread != THREAD_NULL && args->threadq) {
                /* we know this is the first (and only) thread */
                ++(*nthreads);
-               *(args->spl) = splsched();
+               *(args->spl) = (safeq != waitq) ? spl : splsched();
+
                thread_lock(first_thread);
                thread_clear_waitq_state(first_thread);
-               re_queue_tail(args->threadq, &first_thread->links);
+               waitq_thread_remove(safeq, first_thread);
+               enqueue_tail(args->threadq, &(first_thread->wait_links));
+
+               /* update the eventmask on [now] empty global queues */
+               if (waitq_is_global(safeq) && waitq_empty(safeq)) {
+                       safeq->waitq_eventmask = 0;
+               }
+       }
 
-               /* update the eventmask on global queues */
-               if (global_q && queue_empty(&waitq->waitq_queue))
-                       waitq->waitq_eventmask = 0;
+       /* unlock the safe queue if we locked one above */
+       if (safeq != waitq) {
+               waitq_unlock(safeq);
+               if (*nthreads == 0) {
+                       splx(spl);
+               }
        }
 
-       if (max_threads > 0 && *nthreads >= max_threads)
+       if (max_threads > 0 && *nthreads >= max_threads) {
                return;
+       }
 
+handle_waitq_set:
        /*
         * wait queues that are not in any sets
         * are the bottom of the recursion
         */
-       if (!waitq->waitq_set_id)
+       if (!waitq->waitq_set_id) {
                return;
+       }
 
        /* check to see if the set ID for this wait queue is valid */
-       struct setid_link *link = lt_get_link(waitq->waitq_set_id);
+       struct waitq_link *link = wql_get_link(waitq->waitq_set_id);
        if (!link) {
                /* the waitq set to which this waitq belonged, has been invalidated */
                waitq->waitq_set_id = 0;
                return;
        }
 
-       lt_put_link(link);
+       wql_put_link(link);
 
        /*
         * If this waitq is a member of any wait queue sets, we need to look
@@ -2994,8 +2508,8 @@ static void do_waitq_select_n_locked(struct waitq_select_args *args)
         * Note that we do a local walk of this waitq's links - we manually
         * recurse down wait queue set's with non-zero wqset_q.waitq_set_id
         */
-       (void)walk_setid_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
-                              SLT_WQS, (void *)args, waitq_select_walk_cb);
+       (void)walk_waitq_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
+           WQL_WQS, (void *)args, waitq_select_walk_cb);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -3009,21 +2523,23 @@ static void do_waitq_select_n_locked(struct waitq_select_args *args)
  *     been placed onto the input 'threadq'
  *
  * Notes:
- *     The 'select_cb' function is invoked for every thread found waiting
- *     on 'waitq' for 'event'. The thread is _not_ locked upon callback
+ *     The 'select_cb' function is invoked for every thread found waiting on
+ *     'waitq' for 'event'. The thread is _not_ locked upon callback
  *     invocation. This parameter may be NULL.
  *
  *     If one or more threads are returned in 'threadq' then the caller is
  *     responsible to call splx() using the returned 'spl' value. Each
  *     returned thread is locked.
  */
-static __inline__ int waitq_select_n_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                           event64_t event,
-                                           waitq_select_cb select_cb,
-                                           void *select_ctx,
-                                           uint64_t *reserved_preposts,
-                                           queue_t threadq,
-                                           int max_threads, spl_t *spl)
+static __inline__ int
+waitq_select_n_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
+    event64_t event,
+    waitq_select_cb select_cb,
+    void *select_ctx,
+    uint64_t *reserved_preposts,
+    queue_t threadq,
+    int max_threads, spl_t *spl,
+    int priority)
 {
        int nthreads = 0;
 
@@ -3033,6 +2549,7 @@ static __inline__ int waitq_select_n_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
                .event = event,
                .select_cb = select_cb,
                .select_ctx = select_ctx,
+               .priority = priority,
                .reserved_preposts = reserved_preposts,
                .threadq = threadq,
                .max_threads = max_threads,
@@ -3044,64 +2561,8 @@ static __inline__ int waitq_select_n_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
        return nthreads;
 }
 
-
-/**
- * callback function that uses thread parameters to determine wakeup eligibility
- *
- * Conditions:
- *     'waitq' is locked
- *     'thread' is not locked
- */
-static thread_t waitq_select_one_cb(void *ctx, struct waitq *waitq,
-                                   int is_global, thread_t thread)
-{
-       int fifo_q, realtime;
-       boolean_t thread_imp_donor = FALSE;
-
-       (void)ctx;
-       (void)waitq;
-       (void)is_global;
-       realtime = 0;
-
-       fifo_q = 1; /* default to FIFO for all queues for now */
-#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE
-       if (is_global)
-               fifo_q = 0; /* 'thread_imp_donor' takes the place of FIFO checking */
-#endif
-
-       if (thread->sched_pri >= BASEPRI_REALTIME)
-               realtime = 1;
-
-#if IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE
-       /* 
-        * Checking imp donor bit does not need thread lock or
-        * or task lock since we have the wait queue lock and
-        * thread can not be removed from it without acquiring
-        * wait queue lock. The imp donor bit may change
-        * once we read its value, but it is ok to wake
-        * a thread while someone drops importance assertion
-        * on the that thread.
-        */
-       thread_imp_donor = task_is_importance_donor(thread->task);
-#endif /* IMPORTANCE_INHERITANCE */
-
-       if (fifo_q || thread_imp_donor == TRUE
-           || realtime || (thread->options & TH_OPT_VMPRIV)) {
-               /*
-                * If this thread's task is an importance donor,
-                * or it's a realtime thread, or it's a VM privileged
-                * thread, OR the queue is marked as FIFO:
-                *     select the thread
-                */
-               return thread;
-       }
-
-       /* by default, _don't_ select the thread */
-       return THREAD_NULL;
-}
-
 /**
- * select a single thread from a waitq that's waiting for a given event
+ * select from a waitq a single thread waiting for a given event
  *
  * Conditions:
  *     'waitq' is locked
@@ -3111,25 +2572,24 @@ static thread_t waitq_select_one_cb(void *ctx, struct waitq *waitq,
  *     yet been put on a run queue. Caller is responsible to call splx
  *     with the '*spl' value.
  */
-static thread_t waitq_select_one_locked(struct waitq *waitq, event64_t event,
-                                       uint64_t *reserved_preposts,
-                                       int priority, spl_t *spl)
+static thread_t
+waitq_select_one_locked(struct waitq *waitq, event64_t event,
+    uint64_t *reserved_preposts,
+    int priority, spl_t *spl)
 {
        int nthreads;
        queue_head_t threadq;
 
-       (void)priority;
-
        queue_init(&threadq);
 
-       nthreads = waitq_select_n_locked(waitq, event, waitq_select_one_cb, NULL,
-                                        reserved_preposts, &threadq, 1, spl);
+       nthreads = waitq_select_n_locked(waitq, event, NULL, NULL,
+           reserved_preposts, &threadq, 1, spl, priority);
 
        /* if we selected a thread, return it (still locked) */
        if (!queue_empty(&threadq)) {
                thread_t t;
                queue_entry_t qe = dequeue_head(&threadq);
-               t = qe_element(qe, struct thread, links);
+               t = qe_element(qe, struct thread, wait_links);
                assert(queue_empty(&threadq)); /* there should be 1 entry */
                /* t has been locked and removed from all queues */
                return t;
@@ -3138,7 +2598,6 @@ static thread_t waitq_select_one_locked(struct waitq *waitq, event64_t event,
        return THREAD_NULL;
 }
 
-
 struct select_thread_ctx {
        thread_t      thread;
        event64_t     event;
@@ -3159,47 +2618,61 @@ struct select_thread_ctx {
  *     caller is responsible to call splx() with the returned interrupt state
  *     in ctx->spl.
  */
-static int waitq_select_thread_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
-                                 struct setid_link *link)
+static int
+waitq_select_thread_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
+    struct waitq_link *link)
 {
        struct select_thread_ctx *stctx = (struct select_thread_ctx *)ctx;
        struct waitq_set *wqset;
+       struct waitq *wqsetq;
+       struct waitq *safeq;
+       spl_t s;
 
        (void)waitq;
 
        thread_t thread = stctx->thread;
        event64_t event = stctx->event;
 
-       if (sl_type(link) != SLT_WQS)
+       if (wql_type(link) != WQL_WQS) {
                return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
+       }
 
-       wqset = link->sl_wqs.sl_set;
+       wqset = link->wql_wqs.wql_set;
+       wqsetq = &wqset->wqset_q;
 
-       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq) && waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q)) {
-               *(stctx->spl) = splsched();
-               waitq_set_lock(wqset);
-               thread_lock(thread);
-       } else {
-               waitq_set_lock(wqset);
-               *(stctx->spl) = splsched();
-               thread_lock(thread);
-       }
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(wqsetq));
 
-       if ((thread->waitq == &wqset->wqset_q)
-           && (thread->wait_event == event)) {
-               remqueue(&thread->links);
+       waitq_set_lock(wqset);
+
+       s = splsched();
+
+       /* find and lock the interrupt-safe waitq the thread is thought to be on */
+       safeq = waitq_get_safeq(wqsetq);
+       waitq_lock(safeq);
+
+       thread_lock(thread);
+
+       if ((thread->waitq == wqsetq) && (thread->wait_event == event)) {
+               waitq_thread_remove(wqsetq, thread);
+               if (waitq_empty(safeq)) {
+                       safeq->waitq_eventmask = 0;
+               }
                thread_clear_waitq_state(thread);
+               waitq_unlock(safeq);
+               waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
                /*
                 * thread still locked,
                 * return non-zero to break out of WQS walk
                 */
-               waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
+               *(stctx->spl) = s;
                return WQ_ITERATE_FOUND;
        }
 
        thread_unlock(thread);
        waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-       splx(*(stctx->spl));
+       waitq_unlock(safeq);
+       splx(s);
 
        return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
 }
@@ -3212,32 +2685,64 @@ static int waitq_select_thread_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
  *     'waitq' is locked
  *     'thread' is unlocked
  */
-static kern_return_t waitq_select_thread_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                               event64_t event,
-                                               thread_t thread, spl_t *spl)
+static kern_return_t
+waitq_select_thread_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
+    event64_t event,
+    thread_t thread, spl_t *spl)
 {
-       struct setid_link *link;
+       struct waitq *safeq;
+       struct waitq_link *link;
        struct select_thread_ctx ctx;
        kern_return_t kr;
+       spl_t s;
+
+       /* Find and lock the interrupts disabled queue the thread is actually on */
+       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+               safeq = waitq_get_safeq(waitq);
+               if (safeq == NULL) {
+                       /*
+                        * in the WQT_TSPROXY case, if there's no turnstile,
+                        * there's no queue and no waiters, so we can move straight
+                        * to the waitq set recursion
+                        */
+                       goto handle_waitq_set;
+               }
+
+               s = splsched();
+               waitq_lock(safeq);
+       } else {
+               s = splsched();
+               safeq = waitq;
+       }
 
-       *spl = splsched();
        thread_lock(thread);
 
        if ((thread->waitq == waitq) && (thread->wait_event == event)) {
-               remqueue(&thread->links);
+               waitq_thread_remove(safeq, thread);
+               if (waitq_empty(safeq)) {
+                       safeq->waitq_eventmask = 0;
+               }
                thread_clear_waitq_state(thread);
+               *spl = s;
                /* thread still locked */
                return KERN_SUCCESS;
        }
 
        thread_unlock(thread);
-       splx(*spl);
 
-       if (!waitq->waitq_set_id)
+       if (safeq != waitq) {
+               waitq_unlock(safeq);
+       }
+
+       splx(s);
+
+handle_waitq_set:
+       if (!waitq->waitq_set_id) {
                return KERN_NOT_WAITING;
+       }
 
        /* check to see if the set ID for this wait queue is valid */
-       link = lt_get_link(waitq->waitq_set_id);
+       link = wql_get_link(waitq->waitq_set_id);
        if (!link) {
                /* the waitq to which this set belonged, has been invalidated */
                waitq->waitq_set_id = 0;
@@ -3253,22 +2758,24 @@ static kern_return_t waitq_select_thread_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
        ctx.thread = thread;
        ctx.event = event;
        ctx.spl = spl;
-       kr = walk_setid_links(LINK_WALK_FULL_DAG, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
-                             SLT_WQS, (void *)&ctx, waitq_select_thread_cb);
+       kr = walk_waitq_links(LINK_WALK_FULL_DAG, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
+           WQL_WQS, (void *)&ctx, waitq_select_thread_cb);
 
-       lt_put_link(link);
+       wql_put_link(link);
 
        /* we found a thread, return success */
-       if (kr == WQ_ITERATE_FOUND)
+       if (kr == WQ_ITERATE_FOUND) {
                return KERN_SUCCESS;
+       }
 
        return KERN_NOT_WAITING;
 }
 
-static int prepost_exists_cb(struct waitq_set __unused *wqset,
-                            void __unused *ctx,
-                            struct wq_prepost __unused *wqp,
-                            struct waitq __unused *waitq)
+static int
+prepost_exists_cb(struct waitq_set __unused *wqset,
+    void __unused *ctx,
+    struct wq_prepost __unused *wqp,
+    struct waitq __unused *waitq)
 {
        /* if we get here, then we know that there is a valid prepost object! */
        return WQ_ITERATE_FOUND;
@@ -3279,26 +2786,32 @@ static int prepost_exists_cb(struct waitq_set __unused *wqset,
  *
  * Conditions:
  *     'waitq' is locked
- *     'thread' is locked
  */
-wait_result_t waitq_assert_wait64_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                         event64_t wait_event,
-                                         wait_interrupt_t interruptible,
-                                         wait_timeout_urgency_t urgency,
-                                         uint64_t deadline,
-                                         uint64_t leeway,
-                                         thread_t thread)
+wait_result_t
+waitq_assert_wait64_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
+    event64_t wait_event,
+    wait_interrupt_t interruptible,
+    wait_timeout_urgency_t urgency,
+    uint64_t deadline,
+    uint64_t leeway,
+    thread_t thread)
 {
        wait_result_t wait_result;
        int realtime = 0;
+       struct waitq *safeq;
+       uintptr_t eventmask;
+       spl_t s;
+
 
        /*
         * Warning: Do _not_ place debugging print statements here.
-        *          The thread is locked!
+        *          The waitq is locked!
         */
+       assert(!thread->started || thread == current_thread());
 
-       if (thread->waitq != NULL)
+       if (thread->waitq != NULL) {
                panic("thread already waiting on %p", thread->waitq);
+       }
 
        if (waitq_is_set(waitq)) {
                struct waitq_set *wqset = (struct waitq_set *)waitq;
@@ -3314,14 +2827,40 @@ wait_result_t waitq_assert_wait64_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
                         * if we find just one prepost object.
                         */
                        ret = wq_prepost_foreach_locked(wqset, NULL,
-                                                       prepost_exists_cb);
+                           prepost_exists_cb);
                        if (ret == WQ_ITERATE_FOUND) {
+                               s = splsched();
+                               thread_lock(thread);
                                thread->wait_result = THREAD_AWAKENED;
+                               thread_unlock(thread);
+                               splx(s);
                                return THREAD_AWAKENED;
                        }
                }
        }
 
+       s = splsched();
+
+       /*
+        * If already dealing with an irq safe wait queue, we are all set.
+        * Otherwise, determine a global queue to use and lock it.
+        */
+       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+               safeq = waitq_get_safeq(waitq);
+               if (__improbable(safeq == NULL)) {
+                       panic("Trying to assert_wait on a turnstile proxy "
+                           "that hasn't been donated one (waitq: %p)", waitq);
+               }
+               eventmask = _CAST_TO_EVENT_MASK(waitq);
+               waitq_lock(safeq);
+       } else {
+               safeq = waitq;
+               eventmask = _CAST_TO_EVENT_MASK(wait_event);
+       }
+
+       /* lock the thread now that we have the irq-safe waitq locked */
+       thread_lock(thread);
+
        /*
         * Realtime threads get priority for wait queue placements.
         * This allows wait_queue_wakeup_one to prefer a waiting
@@ -3330,8 +2869,9 @@ wait_result_t waitq_assert_wait64_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
         * to run the realtime thread, but without causing the
         * lock contention of that scenario.
         */
-       if (thread->sched_pri >= BASEPRI_REALTIME)
+       if (thread->sched_pri >= BASEPRI_REALTIME) {
                realtime = 1;
+       }
 
        /*
         * This is the extent to which we currently take scheduling attributes
@@ -3342,33 +2882,53 @@ wait_result_t waitq_assert_wait64_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
        wait_result = thread_mark_wait_locked(thread, interruptible);
        /* thread->wait_result has been set */
        if (wait_result == THREAD_WAITING) {
-               if (!waitq->waitq_fifo
-                   || (thread->options & TH_OPT_VMPRIV) || realtime)
-                       enqueue_head(&waitq->waitq_queue, &thread->links);
-               else
-                       enqueue_tail(&waitq->waitq_queue, &thread->links);
+               if (!safeq->waitq_fifo
+                   || (thread->options & TH_OPT_VMPRIV) || realtime) {
+                       waitq_thread_insert(safeq, thread, false);
+               } else {
+                       waitq_thread_insert(safeq, thread, true);
+               }
 
+               /* mark the event and real waitq, even if enqueued on a global safeq */
                thread->wait_event = wait_event;
                thread->waitq = waitq;
 
                if (deadline != 0) {
                        boolean_t act;
+
                        act = timer_call_enter_with_leeway(&thread->wait_timer,
-                                                          NULL,
-                                                          deadline, leeway,
-                                                          urgency, FALSE);
-                       if (!act)
+                           NULL,
+                           deadline, leeway,
+                           urgency, FALSE);
+                       if (!act) {
                                thread->wait_timer_active++;
+                       }
                        thread->wait_timer_is_set = TRUE;
                }
 
-               if (waitq_is_global(waitq))
-                       waitq->waitq_eventmask = waitq->waitq_eventmask
-                                               | _CAST_TO_EVENT_MASK(wait_event);
+               if (waitq_is_global(safeq)) {
+                       safeq->waitq_eventmask |= eventmask;
+               }
 
                waitq_stats_count_wait(waitq);
        }
 
+       /* unlock the thread */
+       thread_unlock(thread);
+
+       /* update the inheritor's thread priority if the waitq is embedded in turnstile */
+       if (waitq_is_turnstile_queue(safeq) && wait_result == THREAD_WAITING) {
+               turnstile_recompute_priority_locked(waitq_to_turnstile(safeq));
+               turnstile_update_inheritor_locked(waitq_to_turnstile(safeq));
+       }
+
+       /* unlock the safeq if we locked it here */
+       if (safeq != waitq) {
+               waitq_unlock(safeq);
+       }
+
+       splx(s);
+
        return wait_result;
 }
 
@@ -3376,7 +2936,6 @@ wait_result_t waitq_assert_wait64_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
  * remove 'thread' from its current blocking state on 'waitq'
  *
  * Conditions:
- *     'waitq' is locked
  *     'thread' is locked
  *
  * Notes:
@@ -3384,100 +2943,105 @@ wait_result_t waitq_assert_wait64_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
  *     sched_prim.c from the thread timer wakeup path
  *     (i.e. the thread was waiting on 'waitq' with a timeout that expired)
  */
-void waitq_pull_thread_locked(struct waitq *waitq, thread_t thread)
+int
+waitq_pull_thread_locked(struct waitq *waitq, thread_t thread)
 {
-       (void)waitq;
+       struct waitq *safeq;
+
+       assert_thread_magic(thread);
        assert(thread->waitq == waitq);
 
-       remqueue(&thread->links);
+       /* Find the interrupts disabled queue thread is waiting on */
+       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+               safeq = waitq_get_safeq(waitq);
+               if (__improbable(safeq == NULL)) {
+                       panic("Trying to clear_wait on a turnstile proxy "
+                           "that hasn't been donated one (waitq: %p)", waitq);
+               }
+       } else {
+               safeq = waitq;
+       }
+
+       /* thread is already locked so have to try for the waitq lock */
+       if (!waitq_lock_try(safeq)) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       waitq_thread_remove(safeq, thread);
        thread_clear_waitq_state(thread);
        waitq_stats_count_clear_wakeup(waitq);
 
        /* clear the global event mask if this was the last thread there! */
-       if (waitq_is_global(waitq) && queue_empty(&waitq->waitq_queue))
-               waitq->waitq_eventmask = 0;
-}
+       if (waitq_is_global(safeq) && waitq_empty(safeq)) {
+               safeq->waitq_eventmask = 0;
+               /* JMM - also mark no-waiters on waitq (if not the same as the safeq) */
+       }
 
+       waitq_unlock(safeq);
 
-static __inline__
-void maybe_adjust_thread_pri(thread_t thread, int priority) {
-       if (thread->sched_pri < priority) {
-               if (priority <= MAXPRI) {
-                       set_sched_pri(thread, priority);
+       return 1;
+}
 
-                       thread->was_promoted_on_wakeup = 1;
-                       thread->sched_flags |= TH_SFLAG_PROMOTED;
-               }
-               return;
-       }
 
+static __inline__
+void
+maybe_adjust_thread_pri(thread_t   thread,
+    int        priority,
+    __kdebug_only struct waitq *waitq)
+{
        /*
         * If the caller is requesting the waitq subsystem to promote the
         * priority of the awoken thread, then boost the thread's priority to
         * the default WAITQ_BOOST_PRIORITY (if it's not already equal or
         * higher priority).  This boost must be removed via a call to
-        * waitq_clear_promotion_locked.
+        * waitq_clear_promotion_locked before the thread waits again.
+        *
+        * WAITQ_PROMOTE_PRIORITY is -2.
+        * Anything above 0 represents a mutex promotion.
+        * The default 'no action' value is -1.
+        * TODO: define this in a header
         */
-       if (priority == WAITQ_PROMOTE_PRIORITY &&
-           (thread->sched_pri < WAITQ_BOOST_PRIORITY ||
-            !(thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_WAITQ_PROMOTED))) {
+       if (priority == WAITQ_PROMOTE_PRIORITY) {
+               uintptr_t trace_waitq = 0;
+               if (__improbable(kdebug_enable)) {
+                       trace_waitq = VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq);
+               }
 
-               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED, MACH_WAITQ_PROMOTE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
-                                     (uintptr_t)thread_tid(thread),
-                                     thread->sched_pri, thread->base_pri,
-                                     WAITQ_BOOST_PRIORITY, 0);
-               thread->sched_flags |= TH_SFLAG_WAITQ_PROMOTED;
-               if (thread->sched_pri < WAITQ_BOOST_PRIORITY)
-                       set_sched_pri(thread, WAITQ_BOOST_PRIORITY);
+               sched_thread_promote_reason(thread, TH_SFLAG_WAITQ_PROMOTED, trace_waitq);
        }
 }
 
-/**
- * Clear a thread's waitq priority promotion state and the waitq's boost flag
+/*
+ * Clear a potential thread priority promotion from a waitq wakeup
+ * with WAITQ_PROMOTE_PRIORITY.
  *
- * This function will always clear the waitq's 'waitq_boost' flag. If the
- * 'thread' parameter is non-null, the this function will also check the
- * priority promotion (boost) state of that thread. If this thread was boosted
- * (by having been awoken from a boosting waitq), then this boost state is
- * cleared. This function is to be paired with waitq_enable_promote_locked.
+ * This must be called on the thread which was woken up with TH_SFLAG_WAITQ_PROMOTED.
  */
-void waitq_clear_promotion_locked(struct waitq *waitq, thread_t thread)
+void
+waitq_clear_promotion_locked(struct waitq *waitq, thread_t thread)
 {
        spl_t s;
 
        assert(waitq_held(waitq));
-       if (thread == THREAD_NULL)
+       assert(thread != THREAD_NULL);
+       assert(thread == current_thread());
+
+       /* This flag is only cleared by the thread itself, so safe to check outside lock */
+       if ((thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_WAITQ_PROMOTED) != TH_SFLAG_WAITQ_PROMOTED) {
                return;
+       }
 
-       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
                s = splsched();
+       }
        thread_lock(thread);
 
-       if (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_WAITQ_PROMOTED) {
-               thread->sched_flags &= ~TH_SFLAG_WAITQ_PROMOTED;
-
-               if (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_PROMOTED_MASK) {
-                       /* it still has other promotions (mutex/rw_lock) */
-               } else if (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_DEPRESSED_MASK) {
-                       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED, MACH_WAITQ_DEMOTE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
-                                             (uintptr_t)thread_tid(thread),
-                                             thread->sched_pri,
-                                             thread->base_pri,
-                                             DEPRESSPRI, 0);
-                       set_sched_pri(thread, DEPRESSPRI);
-               } else {
-                       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED, MACH_WAITQ_DEMOTE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
-                                             (uintptr_t)thread_tid(thread),
-                                             thread->sched_pri,
-                                             thread->base_pri,
-                                             thread->base_pri, 0);
-                       thread_recompute_sched_pri(thread, FALSE);
-               }
-       }
+       sched_thread_unpromote_reason(thread, TH_SFLAG_WAITQ_PROMOTED, 0);
 
        thread_unlock(thread);
-       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
                splx(s);
+       }
 }
 
 /**
@@ -3494,12 +3058,13 @@ void waitq_clear_promotion_locked(struct waitq *waitq, thread_t thread)
  *     been unlocked before calling thread_go() on any returned threads, and
  *     is guaranteed to be unlocked upon function return.
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_all_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                       event64_t wake_event,
-                                       wait_result_t result,
-                                       uint64_t *reserved_preposts,
-                                       int priority,
-                                       waitq_lock_state_t lock_state)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_wakeup64_all_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
+    event64_t wake_event,
+    wait_result_t result,
+    uint64_t *reserved_preposts,
+    int priority,
+    waitq_lock_state_t lock_state)
 {
        kern_return_t ret;
        thread_t thread;
@@ -3511,30 +3076,33 @@ kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_all_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
        queue_init(&wakeup_queue);
 
        nthreads = waitq_select_n_locked(waitq, wake_event, NULL, NULL,
-                                        reserved_preposts,
-                                        &wakeup_queue, -1, &th_spl);
+           reserved_preposts,
+           &wakeup_queue, -1, &th_spl, priority);
 
        /* set each thread running */
        ret = KERN_NOT_WAITING;
 
 #if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
-       qe_foreach_element(thread, &wakeup_queue, links)
-               waitq_stats_count_wakeup(waitq);
+       qe_foreach_element(thread, &wakeup_queue, wait_links)
+       waitq_stats_count_wakeup(waitq);
 #endif
-       if (lock_state == WAITQ_UNLOCK)
+       if (lock_state == WAITQ_UNLOCK) {
                waitq_unlock(waitq);
+       }
 
-       qe_foreach_element_safe(thread, &wakeup_queue, links) {
-               remqueue(&thread->links);
-               maybe_adjust_thread_pri(thread, priority);
-               ret = thread_go(thread, result);
+       qe_foreach_element_safe(thread, &wakeup_queue, wait_links) {
+               assert_thread_magic(thread);
+               remqueue(&thread->wait_links);
+               maybe_adjust_thread_pri(thread, priority, waitq);
+               ret = thread_go(thread, result, WQ_OPTION_NONE);
                assert(ret == KERN_SUCCESS);
                thread_unlock(thread);
        }
-       if (nthreads > 0)
+       if (nthreads > 0) {
                splx(th_spl);
-       else
+       } else {
                waitq_stats_count_fail(waitq);
+       }
 
        return ret;
 }
@@ -3548,12 +3116,14 @@ kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_all_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
  * Notes:
  *     May temporarily disable and re-enable interrupts.
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_one_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                       event64_t wake_event,
-                                       wait_result_t result,
-                                       uint64_t *reserved_preposts,
-                                       int priority,
-                                       waitq_lock_state_t lock_state)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_wakeup64_one_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
+    event64_t wake_event,
+    wait_result_t result,
+    uint64_t *reserved_preposts,
+    int priority,
+    waitq_lock_state_t lock_state,
+    waitq_options_t option)
 {
        thread_t thread;
        spl_t th_spl;
@@ -3561,20 +3131,22 @@ kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_one_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
        assert(waitq_held(waitq));
 
        thread = waitq_select_one_locked(waitq, wake_event,
-                                        reserved_preposts,
-                                        priority, &th_spl);
+           reserved_preposts,
+           priority, &th_spl);
 
-       if (thread != THREAD_NULL)
+       if (thread != THREAD_NULL) {
                waitq_stats_count_wakeup(waitq);
-       else
+       } else {
                waitq_stats_count_fail(waitq);
+       }
 
-       if (lock_state == WAITQ_UNLOCK)
+       if (lock_state == WAITQ_UNLOCK) {
                waitq_unlock(waitq);
+       }
 
        if (thread != THREAD_NULL) {
-               maybe_adjust_thread_pri(thread, priority);
-               kern_return_t ret = thread_go(thread, result);
+               maybe_adjust_thread_pri(thread, priority, waitq);
+               kern_return_t ret = thread_go(thread, result, option);
                assert(ret == KERN_SUCCESS);
                thread_unlock(thread);
                splx(th_spl);
@@ -3596,32 +3168,36 @@ kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_one_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
  *     been disabled, and the caller is responsible to call
  *     splx() with the returned '*spl' value.
  */
-thread_t waitq_wakeup64_identity_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                       event64_t wake_event,
-                                       wait_result_t result,
-                                       spl_t *spl,
-                                       uint64_t *reserved_preposts,
-                                       waitq_lock_state_t lock_state)
+thread_t
+waitq_wakeup64_identify_locked(struct waitq     *waitq,
+    event64_t        wake_event,
+    wait_result_t    result,
+    spl_t            *spl,
+    uint64_t         *reserved_preposts,
+    int              priority,
+    waitq_lock_state_t lock_state)
 {
        thread_t thread;
 
        assert(waitq_held(waitq));
 
        thread = waitq_select_one_locked(waitq, wake_event,
-                                        reserved_preposts,
-                                        WAITQ_ALL_PRIORITIES, spl);
+           reserved_preposts,
+           priority, spl);
 
-       if (thread != THREAD_NULL)
+       if (thread != THREAD_NULL) {
                waitq_stats_count_wakeup(waitq);
-       else
+       } else {
                waitq_stats_count_fail(waitq);
+       }
 
-       if (lock_state == WAITQ_UNLOCK)
+       if (lock_state == WAITQ_UNLOCK) {
                waitq_unlock(waitq);
+       }
 
        if (thread != THREAD_NULL) {
                kern_return_t __assert_only ret;
-               ret = thread_go(thread, result);
+               ret = thread_go(thread, result, WQ_OPTION_NONE);
                assert(ret == KERN_SUCCESS);
        }
 
@@ -3642,16 +3218,18 @@ thread_t waitq_wakeup64_identity_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
  *     unlocked before calling thread_go() if 'thread' is to be awoken, and
  *     is guaranteed to be unlocked upon function return.
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_thread_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                          event64_t wake_event,
-                                          thread_t thread,
-                                          wait_result_t result,
-                                          waitq_lock_state_t lock_state)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_wakeup64_thread_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
+    event64_t wake_event,
+    thread_t thread,
+    wait_result_t result,
+    waitq_lock_state_t lock_state)
 {
        kern_return_t ret;
        spl_t th_spl;
 
        assert(waitq_held(waitq));
+       assert_thread_magic(thread);
 
        /*
         * See if the thread was still waiting there.  If so, it got
@@ -3659,18 +3237,21 @@ kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_thread_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
         */
        ret = waitq_select_thread_locked(waitq, wake_event, thread, &th_spl);
 
-       if (ret == KERN_SUCCESS)
+       if (ret == KERN_SUCCESS) {
                waitq_stats_count_wakeup(waitq);
-       else
+       } else {
                waitq_stats_count_fail(waitq);
+       }
 
-       if (lock_state == WAITQ_UNLOCK)
+       if (lock_state == WAITQ_UNLOCK) {
                waitq_unlock(waitq);
+       }
 
-       if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS)
+       if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                return KERN_NOT_WAITING;
+       }
 
-       ret = thread_go(thread, result);
+       ret = thread_go(thread, result, WQ_OPTION_NONE);
        assert(ret == KERN_SUCCESS);
        thread_unlock(thread);
        splx(th_spl);
@@ -3689,26 +3270,43 @@ kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_thread_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
 /**
  * initialize a waitq object
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_init(struct waitq *waitq, int policy)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_init(struct waitq *waitq, int policy)
 {
        assert(waitq != NULL);
 
        /* only FIFO and LIFO for now */
-       if ((policy & SYNC_POLICY_FIXED_PRIORITY) != 0)
+       if ((policy & SYNC_POLICY_FIXED_PRIORITY) != 0) {
                return KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+       }
 
        waitq->waitq_fifo = ((policy & SYNC_POLICY_REVERSED) == 0);
        waitq->waitq_irq = !!(policy & SYNC_POLICY_DISABLE_IRQ);
        waitq->waitq_prepost = 0;
-       waitq->waitq_type = WQT_QUEUE;
+       if (policy & SYNC_POLICY_TURNSTILE_PROXY) {
+               waitq->waitq_type = WQT_TSPROXY;
+       } else {
+               waitq->waitq_type = WQT_QUEUE;
+       }
+       waitq->waitq_turnstile = !!(policy & SYNC_POLICY_TURNSTILE);
        waitq->waitq_eventmask = 0;
 
        waitq->waitq_set_id = 0;
        waitq->waitq_prepost_id = 0;
 
-       hw_lock_init(&waitq->waitq_interlock);
-       queue_init(&waitq->waitq_queue);
+       waitq_lock_init(waitq);
+       if (waitq_is_turnstile_queue(waitq)) {
+               /* For turnstile, initialize it as a priority queue */
+               priority_queue_init(&waitq->waitq_prio_queue);
+               assert(waitq->waitq_fifo == 0);
+       } else if (policy & SYNC_POLICY_TURNSTILE_PROXY) {
+               waitq->waitq_ts = TURNSTILE_NULL;
+               waitq->waitq_tspriv = NULL;
+       } else {
+               queue_init(&waitq->waitq_queue);
+       }
 
+       waitq->waitq_isvalid = 1;
        return KERN_SUCCESS;
 }
 
@@ -3718,29 +3316,29 @@ struct wq_unlink_ctx {
 };
 
 static int waitq_unlink_prepost_cb(struct waitq_set __unused *wqset, void *ctx,
-                                  struct wq_prepost *wqp, struct waitq *waitq);
+    struct wq_prepost *wqp, struct waitq *waitq);
 
 /**
- * walk_setid_links callback to invalidate 'link' parameter
+ * walk_waitq_links callback to invalidate 'link' parameter
  *
  * Conditions:
- *     Called from walk_setid_links.
+ *     Called from walk_waitq_links.
  *     Note that unlink other callbacks, this one make no assumptions about
  *     the 'waitq' parameter, specifically it does not have to be locked or
  *     even valid.
  */
-static int waitq_unlink_all_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
-                              struct setid_link *link)
+static int
+waitq_unlink_all_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
+    struct waitq_link *link)
 {
        (void)waitq;
        (void)ctx;
-       if (sl_type(link) == SLT_LINK && sl_is_valid(link))
-               lt_invalidate(link);
+       if (wql_type(link) == WQL_LINK && wql_is_valid(link)) {
+               wql_invalidate(link);
+       }
 
-       if (sl_type(link) == SLT_WQS) {
+       if (wql_type(link) == WQL_WQS) {
                struct waitq_set *wqset;
-               int do_spl = 0;
-               spl_t spl;
                struct wq_unlink_ctx ulctx;
 
                /*
@@ -3749,34 +3347,30 @@ static int waitq_unlink_all_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
                 * on the IPC send path which would otherwise have to iterate
                 * over lots of dead port preposts.
                 */
-               if (waitq->waitq_prepost_id == 0)
+               if (waitq->waitq_prepost_id == 0) {
                        goto out;
+               }
 
-               wqset = link->sl_wqs.sl_set;
+               wqset = link->wql_wqs.wql_set;
                assert(wqset != NULL);
+               assert(!waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q));
 
-               if (waitq_set_is_valid(wqset) &&
-                   waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q)) {
-                       spl = splsched();
-                       do_spl = 1;
-               }
                waitq_set_lock(wqset);
 
                if (!waitq_set_is_valid(wqset)) {
                        /* someone raced us to teardown */
                        goto out_unlock;
                }
-               if (!waitq_set_maybe_preposted(wqset))
+               if (!waitq_set_maybe_preposted(wqset)) {
                        goto out_unlock;
+               }
 
                ulctx.unlink_wq = waitq;
                ulctx.unlink_wqset = wqset;
                (void)wq_prepost_iterate(wqset->wqset_prepost_id, &ulctx,
-                                        waitq_unlink_prepost_cb);
+                   waitq_unlink_prepost_cb);
 out_unlock:
                waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-               if (do_spl)
-                       splx(spl);
        }
 
 out:
@@ -3787,34 +3381,60 @@ out:
 /**
  * cleanup any link/prepost table resources associated with a waitq
  */
-void waitq_deinit(struct waitq *waitq)
+void
+waitq_deinit(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
-       uint64_t setid = 0;
        spl_t s;
 
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       assert(waitq);
+       if (!waitq_is_valid(waitq)) {
                return;
+       }
+
+       if (!waitq_is_queue(waitq) && !waitq_is_turnstile_proxy(waitq)) {
+               return;
+       }
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
                s = splsched();
+       }
        waitq_lock(waitq);
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
-               goto out;
 
-       waitq_unlink_all_locked(waitq, &setid, &s, NULL);
-       waitq->waitq_type = WQT_INVALID;
-       assert(queue_empty(&waitq->waitq_queue));
+       if (waitq_valid(waitq)) {
+               waitq->waitq_isvalid = 0;
+               if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+                       waitq_unlink_all_unlock(waitq);
+                       /* waitq unlocked and set links deallocated */
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
 
-out:
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
                splx(s);
+       }
 
-       if (setid)
-               (void)walk_setid_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, setid,
-                                      SLT_ALL, NULL, waitq_unlink_all_cb);
+out:
+#if MACH_ASSERT
+       if (waitq_is_turnstile_queue(waitq)) {
+               assert(priority_queue_empty(&waitq->waitq_prio_queue));
+       } else if (waitq_is_turnstile_proxy(waitq)) {
+               assert(waitq->waitq_ts == TURNSTILE_NULL);
+       } else {
+               assert(queue_empty(&waitq->waitq_queue));
+       }
+#else
+       (void)0;
+#endif // MACH_ASSERT
 }
 
+void
+waitq_invalidate_locked(struct waitq *waitq)
+{
+       assert(waitq_held(waitq));
+       assert(waitq_is_valid(waitq));
+       waitq->waitq_isvalid = 0;
+}
 
 /**
  * invalidate the given wq_prepost object
@@ -3822,13 +3442,15 @@ out:
  * Conditions:
  *     Called from wq_prepost_iterate (_not_ from wq_prepost_foreach_locked!)
  */
-static int wqset_clear_prepost_chain_cb(struct waitq_set __unused *wqset,
-                                       void __unused *ctx,
-                                       struct wq_prepost *wqp,
-                                       struct waitq __unused *waitq)
+static int
+wqset_clear_prepost_chain_cb(struct waitq_set __unused *wqset,
+    void __unused *ctx,
+    struct wq_prepost *wqp,
+    struct waitq __unused *waitq)
 {
-       if (wqp_type(wqp) == WQP_POST)
+       if (wqp_type(wqp) == WQP_POST) {
                wq_prepost_invalidate(wqp);
+       }
        return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
 }
 
@@ -3840,19 +3462,24 @@ static int wqset_clear_prepost_chain_cb(struct waitq_set __unused *wqset,
  *     may block
  *
  * Returns:
- *     allocated / initialized waitq_set object
+ *     allocated / initialized waitq_set object.
+ *     the waits_set object returned does not have
+ *     a waitq_link associated.
+ *
  *     NULL on failure
  */
-struct waitq_set *waitq_set_alloc(int policy)
+struct waitq_set *
+waitq_set_alloc(int policy, waitq_set_prepost_hook_t *prepost_hook)
 {
        struct waitq_set *wqset;
 
        wqset = (struct waitq_set *)zalloc(waitq_set_zone);
-       if (!wqset)
+       if (!wqset) {
                panic("Can't allocate a new waitq set from zone %p", waitq_set_zone);
+       }
 
        kern_return_t ret;
-       ret = waitq_set_init(wqset, policy, NULL);
+       ret = waitq_set_init(wqset, policy, NULL, prepost_hook);
        if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                zfree(waitq_set_zone, wqset);
                wqset = NULL;
@@ -3864,46 +3491,128 @@ struct waitq_set *waitq_set_alloc(int policy)
 /**
  * initialize a waitq set object
  *
- * Conditions:
- *     may (rarely) block if link table needs to grow, and
- *     no 'reserved_link' object is passed.
+ * if no 'reserved_link' object is passed
+ * the waitq_link will be lazily allocated
+ * on demand through waitq_set_lazy_init_link.
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_set_init(struct waitq_set *wqset,
-                            int policy, uint64_t *reserved_link)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_set_init(struct waitq_set *wqset,
+    int policy, uint64_t *reserved_link,
+    waitq_set_prepost_hook_t *prepost_hook)
 {
-       struct setid_link *link;
+       struct waitq_link *link;
        kern_return_t ret;
 
        memset(wqset, 0, sizeof(*wqset));
 
        ret = waitq_init(&wqset->wqset_q, policy);
-       if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS)
+       if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
+       }
 
        wqset->wqset_q.waitq_type = WQT_SET;
-       if (policy & SYNC_POLICY_PREPOST)
+       if (policy & SYNC_POLICY_PREPOST) {
                wqset->wqset_q.waitq_prepost = 1;
-       else
+               wqset->wqset_prepost_id = 0;
+               assert(prepost_hook == NULL);
+       } else {
                wqset->wqset_q.waitq_prepost = 0;
+               wqset->wqset_prepost_hook = prepost_hook;
+       }
 
        if (reserved_link && *reserved_link != 0) {
-               link = lt_get_reserved(*reserved_link, SLT_WQS);
+               link = wql_get_reserved(*reserved_link, WQL_WQS);
+
+               if (!link) {
+                       panic("Can't allocate link object for waitq set: %p", wqset);
+               }
+
                /* always consume the caller's reference */
                *reserved_link = 0;
+
+               link->wql_wqs.wql_set = wqset;
+               wql_mkvalid(link);
+
+               wqset->wqset_id = link->wql_setid.id;
+               wql_put_link(link);
        } else {
-               link = lt_alloc_link(SLT_WQS);
+               /*
+                * Lazy allocate the link only when an actual id is needed.
+                */
+               wqset->wqset_id = WQSET_NOT_LINKED;
+       }
+
+       return KERN_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+#if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
+
+int
+sysctl_helper_waitq_set_nelem(void)
+{
+       return ltable_nelem(&g_wqlinktable);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * initialize a waitq set link.
+ *
+ * Conditions:
+ *     may block
+ *     locks and unlocks the waiq set lock
+ *
+ */
+void
+waitq_set_lazy_init_link(struct waitq_set *wqset)
+{
+       struct waitq_link *link;
+
+       assert(get_preemption_level() == 0 && waitq_wait_possible(current_thread()));
+
+       waitq_set_lock(wqset);
+       if (!waitq_set_should_lazy_init_link(wqset)) {
+               waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
+               return;
        }
-       if (!link)
+
+       assert(wqset->wqset_id == WQSET_NOT_LINKED);
+       waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
+
+       link = wql_alloc_link(WQL_WQS);
+       if (!link) {
                panic("Can't allocate link object for waitq set: %p", wqset);
+       }
 
-       link->sl_wqs.sl_set = wqset;
-       sl_set_valid(link);
+       link->wql_wqs.wql_set = wqset;
 
-       wqset->wqset_id = link->sl_set_id.id;
-       wqset->wqset_prepost_id = 0;
-       lt_put_link(link);
+       waitq_set_lock(wqset);
+       if (waitq_set_should_lazy_init_link(wqset)) {
+               wql_mkvalid(link);
+               wqset->wqset_id = link->wql_setid.id;
+       }
 
-       return KERN_SUCCESS;
+       assert(wqset->wqset_id != 0);
+       assert(wqset->wqset_id != WQSET_NOT_LINKED);
+
+       waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
+
+       wql_put_link(link);
+
+       return;
+}
+
+/**
+ * checks if a waitq set needs to be linked.
+ *
+ */
+boolean_t
+waitq_set_should_lazy_init_link(struct waitq_set *wqset)
+{
+       if (waitqs_is_linked(wqset) || wqset->wqset_id == 0) {
+               return FALSE;
+       }
+       return TRUE;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -3915,49 +3624,56 @@ kern_return_t waitq_set_init(struct waitq_set *wqset,
  *     This will render the waitq set invalid, and it must
  *     be re-initialized with waitq_set_init before it can be used again
  */
-void waitq_set_deinit(struct waitq_set *wqset)
+void
+waitq_set_deinit(struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
-       struct setid_link *link = NULL;
-       uint64_t set_id, set_links_id, prepost_id;
-       int do_spl = 0;
-       spl_t s;
+       struct waitq_link *link = NULL;
+       uint64_t set_id, prepost_id;
 
-       if (!waitqs_is_set(wqset))
+       if (!waitqs_is_set(wqset)) {
                panic("trying to de-initialize an invalid wqset @%p", wqset);
-
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q)) {
-               s = splsched();
-               do_spl = 1;
        }
-       waitq_set_lock(wqset);
 
-       set_id = wqset->wqset_id;
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q));
 
-       /* grab the set's link object */
-       link = lt_get_link(set_id);
-       if (link)
-               lt_invalidate(link);
+       waitq_set_lock(wqset);
 
-       /* someone raced us to deinit */
-       if (!link || wqset->wqset_id != set_id || set_id != link->sl_set_id.id) {
-               if (link)
-                       lt_put_link(link);
-               waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-               if (do_spl)
-                       splx(s);
-               return;
+       if (waitq_set_has_prepost_hook(wqset)) {
+               waitq_set_prepost_hook_t *hook = wqset->wqset_prepost_hook;
+               /*
+                * If the wqset_prepost_hook value is non 0,
+                * then another core is currently posting to this waitq set
+                * and we need for it to finish what it's doing.
+                */
+               while (os_atomic_load(hook, relaxed) != 0) {
+                       waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
+                       delay(1);
+                       waitq_set_lock(wqset);
+               }
        }
 
-       /* every wait queue set should have a valid link object */
-       assert(link != NULL && sl_type(link) == SLT_WQS);
+       set_id = wqset->wqset_id;
+
+       if (waitqs_is_linked(wqset) || set_id == 0) {
+               /* grab the set's link object */
+               link = wql_get_link(set_id);
+               if (link) {
+                       wql_invalidate(link);
+               }
+               /* someone raced us to deinit */
+               if (!link || wqset->wqset_id != set_id || set_id != link->wql_setid.id) {
+                       if (link) {
+                               wql_put_link(link);
+                       }
+                       waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
+                       return;
+               }
 
-       wqset->wqset_id = 0;
+               /* the link should be a valid link object at this point */
+               assert(link != NULL && wql_type(link) == WQL_WQS);
 
-       wqset->wqset_q.waitq_type = WQT_INVALID;
-       wqset->wqset_q.waitq_fifo = 0;
-       wqset->wqset_q.waitq_prepost = 0;
-       /* don't clear the 'waitq_irq' bit: it's used in locking! */
-       wqset->wqset_q.waitq_eventmask = 0;
+               wqset->wqset_id = 0;
+       }
 
        /*
         * This set may have a lot of preposts, or may have been a member of
@@ -3966,37 +3682,45 @@ void waitq_set_deinit(struct waitq_set *wqset)
         * table objects. We keep handles to the prepost and set linkage
         * objects and free those outside the critical section.
         */
-       prepost_id = wqset->wqset_prepost_id;
+       prepost_id = 0;
+       if (wqset->wqset_q.waitq_prepost && wqset->wqset_prepost_id) {
+               assert(link != NULL);
+               prepost_id = wqset->wqset_prepost_id;
+       }
+       /* else { TODO: notify kqueue subsystem? } */
        wqset->wqset_prepost_id = 0;
 
-       set_links_id = 0;
-       waitq_unlink_all_locked(&wqset->wqset_q, &set_links_id, &s, NULL);
+       wqset->wqset_q.waitq_fifo = 0;
+       wqset->wqset_q.waitq_prepost = 0;
+       wqset->wqset_q.waitq_isvalid = 0;
 
-       waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-       if (do_spl)
-               splx(s);
+       /* don't clear the 'waitq_irq' bit: it's used in locking! */
+       wqset->wqset_q.waitq_eventmask = 0;
 
-       /*
-        * walk_setid_links may race with us for access to the waitq set.
-        * If walk_setid_links has a reference to the set, then we should wait
-        * until the link's refcount goes to 1 (our reference) before we exit
-        * this function. That way we ensure that the waitq set memory will
-        * remain valid even though it's been cleared out.
-        */
-       while (sl_refcnt(link) > 1)
-               delay(1);
-       lt_put_link(link);
+       waitq_unlink_all_unlock(&wqset->wqset_q);
+       /* wqset->wqset_q unlocked and set links deallocated */
 
-       /*
-        * release all the set link objects
-        * (links to other sets to which this set was previously added)
-        */
-       if (set_links_id)
-               (void)walk_setid_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, NULL, set_links_id,
-                                      SLT_ALL, NULL, waitq_unlink_all_cb);
+
+       if (link) {
+               /*
+                * walk_waitq_links may race with us for access to the waitq set.
+                * If walk_waitq_links has a reference to the set, then we should wait
+                * until the link's refcount goes to 1 (our reference) before we exit
+                * this function. That way we ensure that the waitq set memory will
+                * remain valid even though it's been cleared out.
+                */
+               while (wql_refcnt(link) > 1) {
+                       delay(1);
+               }
+               wql_put_link(link);
+       }
 
        /* drop / unlink all the prepost table objects */
-       (void)wq_prepost_iterate(prepost_id, NULL, wqset_clear_prepost_chain_cb);
+       /* JMM - can this happen before the delay? */
+       if (prepost_id) {
+               (void)wq_prepost_iterate(prepost_id, NULL,
+                   wqset_clear_prepost_chain_cb);
+       }
 }
 
 /**
@@ -4005,7 +3729,8 @@ void waitq_set_deinit(struct waitq_set *wqset)
  * Conditions:
  *     may block
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_set_free(struct waitq_set *wqset)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_set_free(struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
        waitq_set_deinit(wqset);
 
@@ -4015,27 +3740,36 @@ kern_return_t waitq_set_free(struct waitq_set *wqset)
        return KERN_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-#if defined(DEVLEOPMENT) || defined(DEBUG)
+#if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
 #if CONFIG_WAITQ_DEBUG
 /**
  * return the set ID of 'wqset'
  */
-uint64_t wqset_id(struct waitq_set *wqset)
+uint64_t
+wqset_id(struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
-       if (!wqset)
+       if (!wqset) {
                return 0;
+       }
 
        assert(waitqs_is_set(wqset));
+
+       if (!waitqs_is_linked(wqset)) {
+               waitq_set_lazy_init_link(wqset);
+       }
+
        return wqset->wqset_id;
 }
 
 /**
  * returns a pointer to the waitq object embedded in 'wqset'
  */
-struct waitq *wqset_waitq(struct waitq_set *wqset)
+struct waitq *
+wqset_waitq(struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
-       if (!wqset)
+       if (!wqset) {
                return NULL;
+       }
 
        assert(waitqs_is_set(wqset));
 
@@ -4058,24 +3792,26 @@ struct waitq *wqset_waitq(struct waitq_set *wqset)
  *     The return value of the function indicates whether or not this
  *     happened: 1 == lock was dropped, 0 == lock held
  */
-int waitq_clear_prepost_locked(struct waitq *waitq, spl_t *s)
+int
+waitq_clear_prepost_locked(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
        struct wq_prepost *wqp;
        int dropped_lock = 0;
 
-       if (waitq->waitq_prepost_id == 0)
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
+
+       if (waitq->waitq_prepost_id == 0) {
                return 0;
+       }
 
        wqp = wq_prepost_get(waitq->waitq_prepost_id);
        waitq->waitq_prepost_id = 0;
        if (wqp) {
                uint64_t wqp_id = wqp->wqp_prepostid.id;
                wqdbg_v("invalidate prepost 0x%llx (refcnt:%d)",
-                       wqp->wqp_prepostid.id, wqp_refcnt(wqp));
+                   wqp->wqp_prepostid.id, wqp_refcnt(wqp));
                wq_prepost_invalidate(wqp);
                while (wqp_refcnt(wqp) > 1) {
-                       int do_spl = waitq_irq_safe(waitq);
-
                        /*
                         * Some other thread must have raced us to grab a link
                         * object reference before we invalidated it. This
@@ -4093,22 +3829,20 @@ int waitq_clear_prepost_locked(struct waitq *waitq, spl_t *s)
                        disable_preemption();
 
                        waitq_unlock(waitq);
-                       if (s && do_spl)
-                               splx(*s);
                        dropped_lock = 1;
                        /*
                         * don't yield here, just spin and assume the other
                         * consumer is already on core...
                         */
                        delay(1);
-                       if (s && do_spl)
-                               *s = splsched();
+
                        waitq_lock(waitq);
 
                        enable_preemption();
                }
-               if (wqp_refcnt(wqp) > 0 && wqp->wqp_prepostid.id == wqp_id)
+               if (wqp_refcnt(wqp) > 0 && wqp->wqp_prepostid.id == wqp_id) {
                        wq_prepost_put(wqp);
+               }
        }
 
        return dropped_lock;
@@ -4121,21 +3855,16 @@ int waitq_clear_prepost_locked(struct waitq *waitq, spl_t *s)
  *     'waitq' is not locked
  *     may disable and re-enable interrupts
  */
-void waitq_clear_prepost(struct waitq *waitq)
+void
+waitq_clear_prepost(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
-       spl_t s;
-       int do_spl = waitq_irq_safe(waitq);
-
        assert(waitq_valid(waitq));
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
 
-       if (do_spl)
-               s = splsched();
        waitq_lock(waitq);
        /* it doesn't matter to us if the lock is dropped here */
-       (void)waitq_clear_prepost_locked(waitq, &s);
+       (void)waitq_clear_prepost_locked(waitq);
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
-       if (do_spl)
-               splx(s);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -4144,21 +3873,23 @@ void waitq_clear_prepost(struct waitq *waitq)
  * Conditions:
  *     'waitq' is unlocked
  */
-uint64_t waitq_get_prepost_id(struct waitq *waitq)
+uint64_t
+waitq_get_prepost_id(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
        struct wq_prepost *wqp;
        uint64_t wqp_id = 0;
-       spl_t s;
 
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
                return 0;
+       }
+
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               s = splsched();
        waitq_lock(waitq);
 
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
                goto out_unlock;
+       }
 
        if (waitq->waitq_prepost_id) {
                wqp_id = waitq->waitq_prepost_id;
@@ -4167,16 +3898,13 @@ uint64_t waitq_get_prepost_id(struct waitq *waitq)
 
        /* don't hold a spinlock while allocating a prepost object */
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               splx(s);
 
        wqp = wq_prepost_alloc(WQP_WQ, 1);
-       if (!wqp)
+       if (!wqp) {
                return 0;
+       }
 
        /* re-acquire the waitq lock */
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               s = splsched();
        waitq_lock(waitq);
 
        if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
@@ -4202,31 +3930,31 @@ uint64_t waitq_get_prepost_id(struct waitq *waitq)
 
 out_unlock:
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               splx(s);
 
        return wqp_id;
 }
 
 
-static int waitq_inset_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx, struct setid_link *link)
+static int
+waitq_inset_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx, struct waitq_link *link)
 {
        uint64_t setid = *(uint64_t *)ctx;
-       int ltype = sl_type(link);
+       int wqltype = wql_type(link);
        (void)waitq;
-       if (ltype == SLT_WQS && link->sl_set_id.id == setid) {
+       if (wqltype == WQL_WQS && link->wql_setid.id == setid) {
                wqdbg_v("  waitq already in set 0x%llx", setid);
                return WQ_ITERATE_FOUND;
-       } else if (ltype == SLT_LINK) {
+       } else if (wqltype == WQL_LINK) {
                /*
                 * break out early if we see a link that points to the setid
                 * in question. This saves us a step in the
                 * iteration/recursion
                 */
-               wqdbg_v("  waitq already in set 0x%llx (SLT_LINK)", setid);
-               if (link->sl_link.sl_left_setid == setid ||
-                   link->sl_link.sl_right_setid == setid)
+               wqdbg_v("  waitq already in set 0x%llx (WQL_LINK)", setid);
+               if (link->wql_link.left_setid == setid ||
+                   link->wql_link.right_setid == setid) {
                        return WQ_ITERATE_FOUND;
+               }
        }
 
        return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
@@ -4239,69 +3967,68 @@ static int waitq_inset_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx, struct setid_link *lin
  *     neither 'waitq' nor 'wqset' is not locked
  *     may disable and re-enable interrupts while locking 'waitq'
  */
-boolean_t waitq_member(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset)
+boolean_t
+waitq_member(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
        kern_return_t kr = WQ_ITERATE_SUCCESS;
        uint64_t setid;
-       spl_t s;
 
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
                panic("Invalid waitq: %p", waitq);
+       }
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
 
-       if (!waitqs_is_set(wqset))
+       if (!waitqs_is_set(wqset)) {
                return FALSE;
+       }
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               s = splsched();
        waitq_lock(waitq);
 
-       setid = wqset->wqset_id;
-       if (!setid)
+       if (!waitqs_is_linked(wqset)) {
                goto out_unlock;
+       }
+
+       setid = wqset->wqset_id;
 
        /* fast path: most waitqs are members of only 1 set */
        if (waitq->waitq_set_id == setid) {
                waitq_unlock(waitq);
-               if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-                       splx(s);
                return TRUE;
        }
 
        /* walk the link table and look for the Set ID of wqset */
-       kr = walk_setid_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
-                             SLT_ALL, (void *)&setid, waitq_inset_cb);
+       kr = walk_waitq_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
+           WQL_ALL, (void *)&setid, waitq_inset_cb);
 
 out_unlock:
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               splx(s);
-
-       if (kr == WQ_ITERATE_FOUND)
-               return TRUE;
-       return FALSE;
+       return kr == WQ_ITERATE_FOUND;
 }
 
 /**
  * Returns true is the given waitq is a member of at least 1 set
  */
-boolean_t waitq_in_set(struct waitq *waitq)
+boolean_t
+waitq_in_set(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
-       struct setid_link *link;
+       struct waitq_link *link;
        boolean_t inset = FALSE;
-       spl_t s;
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               s = splsched();
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+               return FALSE;
+       }
+
        waitq_lock(waitq);
 
-       if (!waitq->waitq_set_id)
+       if (!waitq->waitq_set_id) {
                goto out_unlock;
+       }
 
-       link = lt_get_link(waitq->waitq_set_id);
+       link = wql_get_link(waitq->waitq_set_id);
        if (link) {
                /* if we get here, the waitq is in _at_least_one_ set */
                inset = TRUE;
-               lt_put_link(link);
+               wql_put_link(link);
        } else {
                /* we can just optimize this for next time */
                waitq->waitq_set_id = 0;
@@ -4309,8 +4036,6 @@ boolean_t waitq_in_set(struct waitq *waitq)
 
 out_unlock:
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               splx(s);
        return inset;
 }
 
@@ -4322,9 +4047,10 @@ out_unlock:
  *     'waitq' is not locked
  *     may (rarely) block if link table needs to grow
  */
-uint64_t waitq_link_reserve(struct waitq *waitq)
+uint64_t
+waitq_link_reserve(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
-       struct setid_link *link;
+       struct waitq_link *link;
        uint64_t reserved_id = 0;
 
        assert(get_preemption_level() == 0 && waitq_wait_possible(current_thread()));
@@ -4333,14 +4059,15 @@ uint64_t waitq_link_reserve(struct waitq *waitq)
         * We've asserted that the caller can block, so we enforce a
         * minimum-free table element policy here.
         */
-       lt_ensure_free_space();
+       wql_ensure_free_space();
 
        (void)waitq;
-       link = lt_alloc_link(WQT_RESERVED);
-       if (!link)
+       link = wql_alloc_link(LT_RESERVED);
+       if (!link) {
                return 0;
+       }
 
-       reserved_id = link->sl_set_id.id;
+       reserved_id = link->wql_setid.id;
 
        return reserved_id;
 }
@@ -4348,25 +4075,28 @@ uint64_t waitq_link_reserve(struct waitq *waitq)
 /**
  * release a pre-allocated waitq link structure
  */
-void waitq_link_release(uint64_t id)
+void
+waitq_link_release(uint64_t id)
 {
-       struct setid_link *link;
+       struct waitq_link *link;
 
-       if (id == 0)
+       if (id == 0) {
                return;
+       }
 
-       link = lt_get_reserved(id, SLT_LINK);
-       if (!link)
+       link = wql_get_reserved(id, WQL_LINK);
+       if (!link) {
                return;
+       }
 
        /*
         * if we successfully got a link object, then we know
         * it's not been marked valid, and can be released with
-        * a standard lt_put_link() which should free the element.
+        * a standard wql_put_link() which should free the element.
         */
-       lt_put_link(link);
-#if CONFIG_WAITQ_STATS
-       g_linktable.nreserved_releases += 1;
+       wql_put_link(link);
+#if CONFIG_LTABLE_STATS
+       g_wqlinktable.nreserved_releases += 1;
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -4377,13 +4107,16 @@ void waitq_link_release(uint64_t id)
  *     'waitq' is locked
  *     caller should have a reference to the 'link' object
  */
-static kern_return_t waitq_link_internal(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                        uint64_t setid, struct setid_link *link)
+static kern_return_t
+waitq_link_internal(struct waitq *waitq,
+    uint64_t setid, struct waitq_link *link)
 {
-       struct setid_link *qlink;
+       struct waitq_link *qlink;
        kern_return_t kr;
 
        assert(waitq_held(waitq));
+       assert(setid != 0);
+       assert(setid != WQSET_NOT_LINKED);
 
        /*
         * If the waitq_set_id field is empty, then this waitq is not
@@ -4395,7 +4128,7 @@ static kern_return_t waitq_link_internal(struct waitq *waitq,
                return KERN_SUCCESS;
        }
 
-       qlink = lt_get_link(waitq->waitq_set_id);
+       qlink = wql_get_link(waitq->waitq_set_id);
        if (!qlink) {
                /*
                 * The set to which this wait queue belonged has been
@@ -4404,17 +4137,18 @@ static kern_return_t waitq_link_internal(struct waitq *waitq,
                waitq->waitq_set_id = setid;
                return KERN_SUCCESS;
        }
-       lt_put_link(qlink);
+       wql_put_link(qlink);
 
        /*
         * Check to see if it's already a member of the set.
         *
         * TODO: check for cycles!
         */
-       kr = walk_setid_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
-                             SLT_ALL, (void *)&setid, waitq_inset_cb);
-       if (kr == WQ_ITERATE_FOUND)
-               return kr;
+       kr = walk_waitq_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
+           WQL_ALL, (void *)&setid, waitq_inset_cb);
+       if (kr == WQ_ITERATE_FOUND) {
+               return KERN_ALREADY_IN_SET;
+       }
 
        /*
         * This wait queue is a member of at least one set already,
@@ -4425,11 +4159,11 @@ static kern_return_t waitq_link_internal(struct waitq *waitq,
         * this link object. That's OK because the next time we use that
         * object we'll just ignore it.
         */
-       link->sl_link.sl_left_setid = setid;
-       link->sl_link.sl_right_setid = waitq->waitq_set_id;
-       sl_set_valid(link);
+       link->wql_link.left_setid = setid;
+       link->wql_link.right_setid = waitq->waitq_set_id;
+       wql_mkvalid(link);
 
-       waitq->waitq_set_id = link->sl_set_id.id;
+       waitq->waitq_set_id = link->wql_setid.id;
 
        return KERN_SUCCESS;
 }
@@ -4444,60 +4178,61 @@ static kern_return_t waitq_link_internal(struct waitq *waitq,
  *     may (rarely) block on link table allocation if the table has to grow,
  *     and no 'reserved_link' object is passed.
  *
+ *     may block and acquire wqset lock if the wqset passed has no link.
+ *
  * Notes:
  *     The caller can guarantee that this function will never block by
- *     pre-allocating a link table object and passing its ID in 'reserved_link'
+ *     - pre-allocating a link table object and passing its ID in 'reserved_link'
+ *      - and pre-allocating the waitq set link calling waitq_set_lazy_init_link.
+ *      It is not possible to provide a reserved_link without having also linked
+ *     the wqset.
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_link(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset,
-                        waitq_lock_state_t lock_state, uint64_t *reserved_link)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_link(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset,
+    waitq_lock_state_t lock_state, uint64_t *reserved_link)
 {
        kern_return_t kr;
-       struct setid_link *link;
+       struct waitq_link *link;
        int should_lock = (lock_state == WAITQ_SHOULD_LOCK);
-       spl_t s;
 
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq) || waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
                panic("Invalid waitq: %p", waitq);
+       }
 
-       if (!waitqs_is_set(wqset))
+       if (!waitqs_is_set(wqset)) {
                return KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+       }
 
-       wqdbg_v("Link waitq %p to wqset 0x%llx",
-               (void *)VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq), wqset->wqset_id);
-
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq) && (!reserved_link || *reserved_link == 0)) {
-               /*
-                * wait queues that need IRQs disabled cannot block waiting
-                * for table growth to complete. Even though this is rare,
-                * we require all these waitqs to pass in a reserved link
-                * object to avoid the potential to block.
-                */
-               panic("Global/IRQ-safe waitq %p cannot link to %p without"
-                     "reserved object!", waitq, wqset);
+       if (!reserved_link || *reserved_link == 0) {
+               if (!waitqs_is_linked(wqset)) {
+                       waitq_set_lazy_init_link(wqset);
+               }
        }
 
+       wqdbg_v("Link waitq %p to wqset 0x%llx",
+           (void *)VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq), wqset->wqset_id);
+
        /*
         * We _might_ need a new link object here, so we'll grab outside
         * the lock because the alloc call _might_ block.
         *
-        * If the caller reserved a link beforehand, then lt_get_link
+        * If the caller reserved a link beforehand, then wql_get_link
         * is guaranteed not to block because the caller holds an extra
         * reference to the link which, in turn, hold a reference to the
         * link table.
         */
        if (reserved_link && *reserved_link != 0) {
-               link = lt_get_reserved(*reserved_link, SLT_LINK);
+               link = wql_get_reserved(*reserved_link, WQL_LINK);
                /* always consume the caller's reference */
                *reserved_link = 0;
        } else {
-               link = lt_alloc_link(SLT_LINK);
+               link = wql_alloc_link(WQL_LINK);
        }
-       if (!link)
+       if (!link) {
                return KERN_NO_SPACE;
+       }
 
        if (should_lock) {
-               if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-                       s = splsched();
                waitq_lock(waitq);
        }
 
@@ -4505,11 +4240,9 @@ kern_return_t waitq_link(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset,
 
        if (should_lock) {
                waitq_unlock(waitq);
-               if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-                       splx(s);
        }
 
-       lt_put_link(link);
+       wql_put_link(link);
 
        return kr;
 }
@@ -4519,7 +4252,7 @@ kern_return_t waitq_link(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset,
  *         this function also prunes invalid objects from the tree
  *
  * Conditions:
- *     MUST be called from walk_setid_links link table walk
+ *     MUST be called from walk_waitq_links link table walk
  *     'waitq' is locked
  *
  * Notes:
@@ -4527,11 +4260,12 @@ kern_return_t waitq_link(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset,
  *     unused or unnecessary links. See comments below for different
  *     scenarios.
  */
-static inline int waitq_maybe_remove_link(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                         uint64_t setid,
-                                         struct setid_link *parent,
-                                         struct setid_link *left,
-                                         struct setid_link *right)
+static inline int
+waitq_maybe_remove_link(struct waitq *waitq,
+    uint64_t setid,
+    struct waitq_link *parent,
+    struct waitq_link *left,
+    struct waitq_link *right)
 {
        uint64_t *wq_setid = &waitq->waitq_set_id;
 
@@ -4555,31 +4289,31 @@ static inline int waitq_maybe_remove_link(struct waitq *waitq,
         * waitq_set_id of the original waitq to point to the side of the
         * parent that is still valid. We then discard the parent link object.
         */
-       if (*wq_setid == parent->sl_set_id.id) {
+       if (*wq_setid == parent->wql_setid.id) {
                if (!left && !right) {
                        /* completely invalid children */
-                       lt_invalidate(parent);
+                       wql_invalidate(parent);
                        wqdbg_v("S1, L+R");
                        *wq_setid = 0;
                        return WQ_ITERATE_INVALID;
-               } else if (!left || left->sl_set_id.id == setid) {
+               } else if (!left || left->wql_setid.id == setid) {
                        /*
                         * left side matches we know it points either to the
                         * WQS we're unlinking, or to an invalid object:
                         * no need to invalidate it
                         */
-                       *wq_setid = right ? right->sl_set_id.id : 0;
-                       lt_invalidate(parent);
+                       *wq_setid = right ? right->wql_setid.id : 0;
+                       wql_invalidate(parent);
                        wqdbg_v("S1, L");
                        return left ? WQ_ITERATE_UNLINKED : WQ_ITERATE_INVALID;
-               } else if (!right || right->sl_set_id.id == setid) {
+               } else if (!right || right->wql_setid.id == setid) {
                        /*
                         * if right side matches we know it points either to the
                         * WQS we're unlinking, or to an invalid object:
                         * no need to invalidate it
                         */
-                       *wq_setid = left ? left->sl_set_id.id : 0;
-                       lt_invalidate(parent);
+                       *wq_setid = left ? left->wql_setid.id : 0;
+                       wql_invalidate(parent);
                        wqdbg_v("S1, R");
                        return right ? WQ_ITERATE_UNLINKED : WQ_ITERATE_INVALID;
                }
@@ -4614,78 +4348,78 @@ static inline int waitq_maybe_remove_link(struct waitq *waitq,
         * middle link (left or right) and point the parent link directly to
         * the remaining leaf node.
         */
-       if (left && sl_type(left) == SLT_LINK) {
+       if (left && wql_type(left) == WQL_LINK) {
                uint64_t Ll, Lr;
-               struct setid_link *linkLl, *linkLr;
-               assert(left->sl_set_id.id != setid);
-               Ll = left->sl_link.sl_left_setid;
-               Lr = left->sl_link.sl_right_setid;
-               linkLl = lt_get_link(Ll);
-               linkLr = lt_get_link(Lr);
+               struct waitq_link *linkLl, *linkLr;
+               assert(left->wql_setid.id != setid);
+               Ll = left->wql_link.left_setid;
+               Lr = left->wql_link.right_setid;
+               linkLl = wql_get_link(Ll);
+               linkLr = wql_get_link(Lr);
                if (!linkLl && !linkLr) {
                        /*
                         * The left object points to two invalid objects!
                         * We can invalidate the left w/o touching the parent.
                         */
-                       lt_invalidate(left);
+                       wql_invalidate(left);
                        wqdbg_v("S2, Ll+Lr");
                        return WQ_ITERATE_INVALID;
                } else if (!linkLl || Ll == setid) {
                        /* Ll is invalid and/or the wait queue set we're looking for */
-                       parent->sl_link.sl_left_setid = Lr;
-                       lt_invalidate(left);
-                       lt_put_link(linkLl);
-                       lt_put_link(linkLr);
+                       parent->wql_link.left_setid = Lr;
+                       wql_invalidate(left);
+                       wql_put_link(linkLl);
+                       wql_put_link(linkLr);
                        wqdbg_v("S2, Ll");
                        return linkLl ? WQ_ITERATE_UNLINKED : WQ_ITERATE_INVALID;
                } else if (!linkLr || Lr == setid) {
                        /* Lr is invalid and/or the wait queue set we're looking for */
-                       parent->sl_link.sl_left_setid = Ll;
-                       lt_invalidate(left);
-                       lt_put_link(linkLr);
-                       lt_put_link(linkLl);
+                       parent->wql_link.left_setid = Ll;
+                       wql_invalidate(left);
+                       wql_put_link(linkLr);
+                       wql_put_link(linkLl);
                        wqdbg_v("S2, Lr");
                        return linkLr ? WQ_ITERATE_UNLINKED : WQ_ITERATE_INVALID;
                }
-               lt_put_link(linkLl);
-               lt_put_link(linkLr);
+               wql_put_link(linkLl);
+               wql_put_link(linkLr);
        }
 
-       if (right && sl_type(right) == SLT_LINK) {
+       if (right && wql_type(right) == WQL_LINK) {
                uint64_t Rl, Rr;
-               struct setid_link *linkRl, *linkRr;
-               assert(right->sl_set_id.id != setid);
-               Rl = right->sl_link.sl_left_setid;
-               Rr = right->sl_link.sl_right_setid;
-               linkRl = lt_get_link(Rl);
-               linkRr = lt_get_link(Rr);
+               struct waitq_link *linkRl, *linkRr;
+               assert(right->wql_setid.id != setid);
+               Rl = right->wql_link.left_setid;
+               Rr = right->wql_link.right_setid;
+               linkRl = wql_get_link(Rl);
+               linkRr = wql_get_link(Rr);
                if (!linkRl && !linkRr) {
                        /*
                         * The right object points to two invalid objects!
                         * We can invalidate the right w/o touching the parent.
                         */
-                       lt_invalidate(right);
+                       wql_invalidate(right);
                        wqdbg_v("S2, Rl+Rr");
                        return WQ_ITERATE_INVALID;
                } else if (!linkRl || Rl == setid) {
                        /* Rl is invalid and/or the wait queue set we're looking for */
-                       parent->sl_link.sl_right_setid = Rr;
-                       lt_invalidate(right);
-                       lt_put_link(linkRl);
-                       lt_put_link(linkRr);
+                       parent->wql_link.right_setid = Rr;
+                       wql_invalidate(right);
+                       wql_put_link(linkRl);
+                       wql_put_link(linkRr);
                        wqdbg_v("S2, Rl");
                        return linkRl ? WQ_ITERATE_UNLINKED : WQ_ITERATE_INVALID;
                } else if (!linkRr || Rr == setid) {
                        /* Rr is invalid and/or the wait queue set we're looking for */
-                       parent->sl_link.sl_right_setid = Rl;
-                       lt_invalidate(right);
-                       lt_put_link(linkRl);
-                       lt_put_link(linkRr);
+                       parent->wql_link.right_setid = Rl;
+                       wql_invalidate(right);
+                       wql_put_link(linkRl);
+                       wql_put_link(linkRr);
                        wqdbg_v("S2, Rr");
                        return linkRr ? WQ_ITERATE_UNLINKED : WQ_ITERATE_INVALID;
                }
-               lt_put_link(linkRl);
-               lt_put_link(linkRr);
+               wql_put_link(linkRl);
+               wql_put_link(linkRr);
        }
 
        return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
@@ -4695,34 +4429,37 @@ static inline int waitq_maybe_remove_link(struct waitq *waitq,
  * link table walk callback that unlinks 'waitq' from 'ctx->setid'
  *
  * Conditions:
- *     called from walk_setid_links
+ *     called from walk_waitq_links
  *     'waitq' is locked
  *
  * Notes:
  *     uses waitq_maybe_remove_link() to compress the linktable and
  *     perform the actual unlinking
  */
-static int waitq_unlink_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
-                          struct setid_link *link)
+static int
+waitq_unlink_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
+    struct waitq_link *link)
 {
        uint64_t setid = *((uint64_t *)ctx);
-       struct setid_link *right, *left;
+       struct waitq_link *right, *left;
        int ret = 0;
 
-       if (sl_type(link) != SLT_LINK)
+       if (wql_type(link) != WQL_LINK) {
                return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
+       }
 
-       do  {
-               left  = lt_get_link(link->sl_link.sl_left_setid);
-               right = lt_get_link(link->sl_link.sl_right_setid);
+       do {
+               left  = wql_get_link(link->wql_link.left_setid);
+               right = wql_get_link(link->wql_link.right_setid);
 
                ret = waitq_maybe_remove_link(waitq, setid, link, left, right);
 
-               lt_put_link(left);
-               lt_put_link(right);
+               wql_put_link(left);
+               wql_put_link(right);
 
-               if (!sl_is_valid(link))
+               if (!wql_is_valid(link)) {
                        return WQ_ITERATE_INVALID;
+               }
                /* A ret value of UNLINKED will break us out of table walk */
        } while (ret == WQ_ITERATE_INVALID);
 
@@ -4738,13 +4475,15 @@ static int waitq_unlink_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
  *     'wqset' may be NULL
  *     (ctx)->unlink_wqset is locked
  */
-static int waitq_unlink_prepost_cb(struct waitq_set __unused *wqset, void *ctx,
-                                  struct wq_prepost *wqp, struct waitq *waitq)
+static int
+waitq_unlink_prepost_cb(struct waitq_set __unused *wqset, void *ctx,
+    struct wq_prepost *wqp, struct waitq *waitq)
 {
        struct wq_unlink_ctx *ulctx = (struct wq_unlink_ctx *)ctx;
 
-       if (waitq != ulctx->unlink_wq)
+       if (waitq != ulctx->unlink_wq) {
                return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
+       }
 
        if (wqp_type(wqp) == WQP_WQ &&
            wqp->wqp_prepostid.id == ulctx->unlink_wqset->wqset_prepost_id) {
@@ -4776,14 +4515,14 @@ static int waitq_unlink_prepost_cb(struct waitq_set __unused *wqset, void *ctx,
  *     may (rarely) spin in prepost clear and drop/re-acquire 'waitq' lock
  *     (see waitq_clear_prepost_locked)
  */
-static kern_return_t waitq_unlink_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                        struct waitq_set *wqset,
-                                        spl_t *s)
+static kern_return_t
+waitq_unlink_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
+    struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
        uint64_t setid;
        kern_return_t kr;
 
-       setid = wqset->wqset_id;
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
 
        if (waitq->waitq_set_id == 0) {
                /*
@@ -4792,11 +4531,22 @@ static kern_return_t waitq_unlink_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
                 * This is an artifact of not cleaning up after kqueues when
                 * they prepost into select sets...
                 */
-               if (waitq->waitq_prepost_id != 0)
-                       (void)waitq_clear_prepost_locked(waitq, s);
+               if (waitq->waitq_prepost_id != 0) {
+                       (void)waitq_clear_prepost_locked(waitq);
+               }
+               return KERN_NOT_IN_SET;
+       }
+
+       if (!waitqs_is_linked(wqset)) {
+               /*
+                * No link has been allocated for the wqset,
+                * so no waitq could have been linked to it.
+                */
                return KERN_NOT_IN_SET;
        }
 
+       setid = wqset->wqset_id;
+
        if (waitq->waitq_set_id == setid) {
                waitq->waitq_set_id = 0;
                /*
@@ -4805,7 +4555,7 @@ static kern_return_t waitq_unlink_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
                 * matter if this function drops and re-acquires the lock
                 * because we're not manipulating waitq state any more.
                 */
-               (void)waitq_clear_prepost_locked(waitq, s);
+               (void)waitq_clear_prepost_locked(waitq);
                return KERN_SUCCESS;
        }
 
@@ -4824,19 +4574,21 @@ static kern_return_t waitq_unlink_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
         *       A, and set A belonged to set B. You can't remove the waitq
         *       from set B.
         */
-       kr = walk_setid_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
-                             SLT_LINK, (void *)&setid, waitq_unlink_cb);
+       kr = walk_waitq_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
+           WQL_LINK, (void *)&setid, waitq_unlink_cb);
 
        if (kr == WQ_ITERATE_UNLINKED) {
                struct wq_unlink_ctx ulctx;
-               int do_spl = 0;
 
                kr = KERN_SUCCESS; /* found it and dis-associated it */
 
-               if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq) && waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q)) {
-                       *s = splsched();
-                       do_spl = 1;
+               /* don't look for preposts if it's not prepost-enabled */
+               if (!wqset->wqset_q.waitq_prepost) {
+                       goto out;
                }
+
+               assert(!waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q));
+
                waitq_set_lock(wqset);
                /*
                 * clear out any prepost from waitq into wqset
@@ -4846,14 +4598,13 @@ static kern_return_t waitq_unlink_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
                ulctx.unlink_wq = waitq;
                ulctx.unlink_wqset = wqset;
                (void)wq_prepost_iterate(wqset->wqset_prepost_id, (void *)&ulctx,
-                                        waitq_unlink_prepost_cb);
+                   waitq_unlink_prepost_cb);
                waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-               if (do_spl)
-                       splx(*s);
        } else {
                kr = KERN_NOT_IN_SET; /* waitq is _not_ associated with wqset */
        }
 
+out:
        return kr;
 }
 
@@ -4866,10 +4617,10 @@ static kern_return_t waitq_unlink_locked(struct waitq *waitq,
  *     may (rarely) spin in prepost clear
  *     (see waitq_clear_prepost_locked)
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_unlink(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_unlink(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
        kern_return_t kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
-       spl_t s;
 
        assert(waitqs_is_set(wqset));
 
@@ -4877,22 +4628,20 @@ kern_return_t waitq_unlink(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset)
         * we allow the waitq to be invalid because the caller may be trying
         * to clear out old/dirty state
         */
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
                return KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+       }
 
        wqdbg_v("unlink waitq %p from set 0x%llx",
-               (void *)VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq), wqset->wqset_id);
+           (void *)VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq), wqset->wqset_id);
+
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               s = splsched();
        waitq_lock(waitq);
 
-       kr = waitq_unlink_locked(waitq, wqset, &s);
+       kr = waitq_unlink_locked(waitq, wqset);
 
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               splx(s);
-
        return kr;
 }
 
@@ -4903,7 +4652,8 @@ kern_return_t waitq_unlink(struct waitq *waitq, struct waitq_set *wqset)
  *     'wqset' is unlocked
  *     wqp_id may be valid or invalid
  */
-void waitq_unlink_by_prepost_id(uint64_t wqp_id, struct waitq_set *wqset)
+void
+waitq_unlink_by_prepost_id(uint64_t wqp_id, struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
        struct wq_prepost *wqp;
 
@@ -4911,7 +4661,6 @@ void waitq_unlink_by_prepost_id(uint64_t wqp_id, struct waitq_set *wqset)
        wqp = wq_prepost_get(wqp_id);
        if (wqp) {
                struct waitq *wq;
-               spl_t s;
 
                wq = wqp->wqp_wq.wqp_wq_ptr;
 
@@ -4922,55 +4671,91 @@ void waitq_unlink_by_prepost_id(uint64_t wqp_id, struct waitq_set *wqset)
                 * complete the unlink operation atomically to avoid a race
                 * with waitq_unlink[_all].
                 */
-               if (waitq_irq_safe(wq))
-                       s = splsched();
+               assert(!waitq_irq_safe(wq));
+
                waitq_lock(wq);
                wq_prepost_put(wqp);
 
                if (!waitq_valid(wq)) {
                        /* someone already tore down this waitq! */
                        waitq_unlock(wq);
-                       if (waitq_irq_safe(wq))
-                               splx(s);
                        enable_preemption();
                        return;
                }
 
                /* this _may_ drop the wq lock, but that's OK */
-               waitq_unlink_locked(wq, wqset, &s);
+               waitq_unlink_locked(wq, wqset);
 
                waitq_unlock(wq);
-               if (waitq_irq_safe(wq))
-                       splx(s);
        }
        enable_preemption();
        return;
 }
 
 
+/**
+ * reference and lock a waitq by its prepost ID
+ *
+ * Conditions:
+ *     wqp_id may be valid or invalid
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ *     a locked waitq if wqp_id was valid
+ *     NULL on failure
+ */
+struct waitq *
+waitq_lock_by_prepost_id(uint64_t wqp_id)
+{
+       struct waitq *wq = NULL;
+       struct wq_prepost *wqp;
+
+       disable_preemption();
+       wqp = wq_prepost_get(wqp_id);
+       if (wqp) {
+               wq = wqp->wqp_wq.wqp_wq_ptr;
+
+               assert(!waitq_irq_safe(wq));
+
+               waitq_lock(wq);
+               wq_prepost_put(wqp);
+
+               if (!waitq_valid(wq)) {
+                       /* someone already tore down this waitq! */
+                       waitq_unlock(wq);
+                       enable_preemption();
+                       return NULL;
+               }
+       }
+       enable_preemption();
+       return wq;
+}
+
+
 /**
  * unlink 'waitq' from all sets to which it belongs
  *
  * Conditions:
- *     'waitq' is locked
+ *     'waitq' is locked on entry
+ *     returns with waitq lock dropped
  *
  * Notes:
- *     may drop and re-acquire the waitq lock
  *     may (rarely) spin (see waitq_clear_prepost_locked)
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_unlink_all_locked(struct waitq *waitq, uint64_t *old_set_id,
-                                     spl_t *s, int *dropped_lock)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_unlink_all_unlock(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
+       uint64_t old_set_id = 0;
        wqdbg_v("unlink waitq %p from all sets",
-               (void *)VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq));
-
-       *old_set_id = 0;
+           (void *)VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq));
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
 
        /* it's not a member of any sets */
-       if (waitq->waitq_set_id == 0)
+       if (waitq->waitq_set_id == 0) {
+               waitq_unlock(waitq);
                return KERN_SUCCESS;
+       }
 
-       *old_set_id = waitq->waitq_set_id;
+       old_set_id = waitq->waitq_set_id;
        waitq->waitq_set_id = 0;
 
        /*
@@ -4979,9 +4764,19 @@ kern_return_t waitq_unlink_all_locked(struct waitq *waitq, uint64_t *old_set_id,
         * if it was added to another set and preposted to that set in the
         * time we drop the lock, the state will remain consistent.
         */
-       int dropped = waitq_clear_prepost_locked(waitq, s);
-       if (dropped_lock)
-               *dropped_lock = dropped;
+       (void)waitq_clear_prepost_locked(waitq);
+
+       waitq_unlock(waitq);
+
+       if (old_set_id) {
+               /*
+                * Walk the link table and invalidate each LINK object that
+                * used to connect this waitq to one or more sets: this works
+                * because WQL_LINK objects are private to each wait queue
+                */
+               (void)walk_waitq_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, old_set_id,
+                   WQL_LINK, NULL, waitq_unlink_all_cb);
+       }
 
        return KERN_SUCCESS;
 }
@@ -4995,34 +4790,25 @@ kern_return_t waitq_unlink_all_locked(struct waitq *waitq, uint64_t *old_set_id,
  *     may (rarely) spin
  *     (see waitq_unlink_all_locked, waitq_clear_prepost_locked)
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_unlink_all(struct waitq *waitq)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_unlink_all(struct waitq *waitq)
 {
        kern_return_t kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
-       uint64_t setid = 0;
-       spl_t s;
 
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
                panic("Invalid waitq: %p", waitq);
+       }
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               s = splsched();
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
        waitq_lock(waitq);
-       if (waitq_valid(waitq))
-               kr = waitq_unlink_all_locked(waitq, &setid, &s, NULL);
-       waitq_unlock(waitq);
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               splx(s);
-
-       if (setid) {
-               /*
-                * Walk the link table and invalidate each LINK object that
-                * used to connect this waitq to one or more sets: this works
-                * because SLT_LINK objects are private to each wait queue
-                */
-               (void)walk_setid_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, setid,
-                                      SLT_LINK, NULL, waitq_unlink_all_cb);
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
+               waitq_unlock(waitq);
+               return KERN_SUCCESS;
        }
 
+       kr = waitq_unlink_all_unlock(waitq);
+       /* waitq unlocked and set links deallocated */
+
        return kr;
 }
 
@@ -5031,16 +4817,17 @@ kern_return_t waitq_unlink_all(struct waitq *waitq)
  * unlink all waitqs from 'wqset'
  *
  * Conditions:
- *     'wqset' is not locked
+ *     'wqset' is locked on entry
+ *     'wqset' is unlocked on exit and spl is restored
+ *
+ * Note:
  *     may (rarely) spin/block (see waitq_clear_prepost_locked)
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_set_unlink_all(struct waitq_set *wqset)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_set_unlink_all_unlock(struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
-       struct setid_link *link;
-       uint64_t prepost_id, set_links_id = 0;
-       spl_t spl;
-
-       assert(waitqs_is_set(wqset));
+       struct waitq_link *link;
+       uint64_t prepost_id;
 
        wqdbg_v("unlink all queues from set 0x%llx", wqset->wqset_id);
 
@@ -5048,31 +4835,34 @@ kern_return_t waitq_set_unlink_all(struct waitq_set *wqset)
         * This operation does not require interaction with any of the set's
         * constituent wait queues. All we have to do is invalidate the SetID
         */
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q))
-               spl = splsched();
-       waitq_set_lock(wqset);
 
-       /* invalidate and re-alloc the link object first */
-       link = lt_get_link(wqset->wqset_id);
+       if (waitqs_is_linked(wqset)) {
+               /* invalidate and re-alloc the link object first */
+               link = wql_get_link(wqset->wqset_id);
 
-       /* we may have raced with a waitq_set_deinit: handle this */
-       if (!link) {
-               waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-               return KERN_SUCCESS;
-       }
+               /* we may have raced with a waitq_set_deinit: handle this */
+               if (!link) {
+                       waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
+                       return KERN_SUCCESS;
+               }
 
-       lt_invalidate(link);
+               wql_invalidate(link);
 
-       /* re-alloc the object to get a new generation ID */
-       lt_realloc_link(link, SLT_WQS);
-       link->sl_wqs.sl_set = wqset;
+               /* re-alloc the object to get a new generation ID */
+               wql_realloc_link(link, WQL_WQS);
+               link->wql_wqs.wql_set = wqset;
 
-       wqset->wqset_id = link->sl_set_id.id;
-       sl_set_valid(link);
-       lt_put_link(link);
+               wqset->wqset_id = link->wql_setid.id;
+               wql_mkvalid(link);
+               wql_put_link(link);
+       }
 
        /* clear any preposts attached to this set */
-       prepost_id = wqset->wqset_prepost_id;
+       prepost_id = 0;
+       if (wqset->wqset_q.waitq_prepost && wqset->wqset_prepost_id) {
+               prepost_id = wqset->wqset_prepost_id;
+       }
+       /* else { TODO: notify kqueue subsystem? } */
        wqset->wqset_prepost_id = 0;
 
        /*
@@ -5080,35 +4870,42 @@ kern_return_t waitq_set_unlink_all(struct waitq_set *wqset)
         * waitq sets may prepost to other sets if, for example, they are
         * associated with a kqueue which is in a select set.
         *
-        * This may drop and re-acquire the set lock, but that's OK because
-        * the resulting state will remain consistent.
-        */
-       waitq_unlink_all_locked(&wqset->wqset_q, &set_links_id, &spl, NULL);
-
-       waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q))
-               splx(spl);
-
-       /*
-        * release all the set link objects
+        * This releases all the set link objects
         * (links to other sets to which this set was previously added)
         */
-       if (set_links_id)
-               (void)walk_setid_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, &wqset->wqset_q,
-                                      set_links_id, SLT_LINK, NULL,
-                                      waitq_unlink_all_cb);
+       waitq_unlink_all_unlock(&wqset->wqset_q);
+       /* wqset->wqset_q unlocked */
 
        /* drop / unlink all the prepost table objects */
-       if (prepost_id)
+       if (prepost_id) {
                (void)wq_prepost_iterate(prepost_id, NULL,
-                                        wqset_clear_prepost_chain_cb);
+                   wqset_clear_prepost_chain_cb);
+       }
 
        return KERN_SUCCESS;
 }
 
+/**
+ * unlink all waitqs from 'wqset'
+ *
+ * Conditions:
+ *     'wqset' is not locked
+ *     may (rarely) spin/block (see waitq_clear_prepost_locked)
+ */
+kern_return_t
+waitq_set_unlink_all(struct waitq_set *wqset)
+{
+       assert(waitqs_is_set(wqset));
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q));
+
+       waitq_set_lock(wqset);
+       return waitq_set_unlink_all_unlock(wqset);
+       /* wqset unlocked and set links and preposts deallocated */
+}
 
-static int waitq_prepost_reserve_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
-                                   struct setid_link *link)
+static int
+waitq_prepost_reserve_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
+    struct waitq_link *link)
 {
        uint32_t *num = (uint32_t *)ctx;
        (void)waitq;
@@ -5118,20 +4915,21 @@ static int waitq_prepost_reserve_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
         * per waitq set (if the set was already preposted by another
         * waitq).
         */
-       if (sl_type(link) == SLT_WQS) {
+       if (wql_type(link) == WQL_WQS) {
                /*
                 * check to see if the associated waitq actually supports
                 * preposting
                 */
-               if (waitq_set_can_prepost(link->sl_wqs.sl_set))
+               if (waitq_set_can_prepost(link->wql_wqs.wql_set)) {
                        *num += 2;
+               }
        }
        return WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE;
 }
 
-static int waitq_alloc_prepost_reservation(int nalloc, struct waitq *waitq,
-                                          spl_t *s, int *did_unlock,
-                                          struct wq_prepost **wqp)
+static int
+waitq_alloc_prepost_reservation(int nalloc, struct waitq *waitq,
+    int *did_unlock, struct wq_prepost **wqp)
 {
        struct wq_prepost *tmp;
        struct wqp_cache *cache;
@@ -5146,23 +4944,23 @@ static int waitq_alloc_prepost_reservation(int nalloc, struct waitq *waitq,
         */
        if (waitq) {
                disable_preemption();
-               cache = &PROCESSOR_DATA(current_processor(), wqp_cache);
-               if (nalloc <= (int)cache->avail)
+               cache = PERCPU_GET(wqp_cache);
+               if (nalloc <= (int)cache->avail) {
                        goto do_alloc;
+               }
                enable_preemption();
 
                /* unlock the waitq to perform the allocation */
                *did_unlock = 1;
                waitq_unlock(waitq);
-               if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-                       splx(*s);
        }
 
 do_alloc:
-       tmp = wq_prepost_alloc(WQT_RESERVED, nalloc);
-       if (!tmp)
+       tmp = wq_prepost_alloc(LT_RESERVED, nalloc);
+       if (!tmp) {
                panic("Couldn't reserve %d preposts for waitq @%p (wqp@%p)",
-                     nalloc, waitq, *wqp);
+                   nalloc, waitq, *wqp);
+       }
        if (*wqp) {
                /* link the two lists */
                int __assert_only rc;
@@ -5177,8 +4975,9 @@ do_alloc:
         * objects for callers such as selwakeup() that can be called with
         * spin locks held.
         */
-       if (get_preemption_level() == 0)
+       if (get_preemption_level() == 0) {
                wq_prepost_ensure_free_space();
+       }
 
        if (waitq) {
                if (*did_unlock == 0) {
@@ -5186,8 +4985,6 @@ do_alloc:
                        enable_preemption();
                } else {
                        /* otherwise: re-lock the waitq */
-                       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-                               *s = splsched();
                        waitq_lock(waitq);
                }
        }
@@ -5195,7 +4992,8 @@ do_alloc:
        return nalloc;
 }
 
-static int waitq_count_prepost_reservation(struct waitq *waitq, int extra, int keep_locked)
+static int
+waitq_count_prepost_reservation(struct waitq *waitq, int extra, int keep_locked)
 {
        int npreposts = 0;
 
@@ -5209,8 +5007,9 @@ static int waitq_count_prepost_reservation(struct waitq *waitq, int extra, int k
                npreposts = 3;
        } else {
                /* this queue has never been preposted before */
-               if (waitq->waitq_prepost_id == 0)
+               if (waitq->waitq_prepost_id == 0) {
                        npreposts = 3;
+               }
 
                /*
                 * Walk the set of table linkages associated with this waitq
@@ -5225,14 +5024,15 @@ static int waitq_count_prepost_reservation(struct waitq *waitq, int extra, int k
                 * situation is no worse than before and we've alleviated lock
                 * contention on any sets to which this waitq belongs.
                 */
-               (void)walk_setid_links(LINK_WALK_FULL_DAG_UNLOCKED,
-                                      waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
-                                      SLT_WQS, (void *)&npreposts,
-                                      waitq_prepost_reserve_cb);
+               (void)walk_waitq_links(LINK_WALK_FULL_DAG_UNLOCKED,
+                   waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
+                   WQL_WQS, (void *)&npreposts,
+                   waitq_prepost_reserve_cb);
        }
 
-       if (extra > 0)
+       if (extra > 0) {
                npreposts += extra;
+       }
 
        if (npreposts == 0 && !keep_locked) {
                /*
@@ -5265,10 +5065,7 @@ static int waitq_count_prepost_reservation(struct waitq *waitq, int extra, int k
  *
  * Notes:
  *     If 'lock_state' is WAITQ_KEEP_LOCKED, this function performs the pre-allocation
- *     atomically and returns 'waitq' locked. If the waitq requires
- *     interrupts to be disabled, then the output parameter 's' is set to the
- *     previous interrupt state (from splsched), and the caller is
- *     responsible to call splx().
+ *     atomically and returns 'waitq' locked.
  *
  *     This function attempts to pre-allocate precisely enough prepost
  *     objects based on the current set membership of 'waitq'. If the
@@ -5276,8 +5073,9 @@ static int waitq_count_prepost_reservation(struct waitq *waitq, int extra, int k
  *     is guaranteed to have enough pre-allocated prepost object to avoid
  *     any (rare) blocking in the wakeup path.
  */
-uint64_t waitq_prepost_reserve(struct waitq *waitq, int extra,
-                              waitq_lock_state_t lock_state, spl_t *s)
+uint64_t
+waitq_prepost_reserve(struct waitq *waitq, int extra,
+    waitq_lock_state_t lock_state)
 {
        uint64_t reserved = 0;
        uint64_t prev_setid = 0, prev_prepostid = 0;
@@ -5286,11 +5084,8 @@ uint64_t waitq_prepost_reserve(struct waitq *waitq, int extra,
        int keep_locked = (lock_state == WAITQ_KEEP_LOCKED);
        int unlocked = 0;
 
-       if (s)
-               *s = 0;
-
        wqdbg_v("Attempting to reserve prepost linkages for waitq %p (extra:%d)",
-               (void *)VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq), extra);
+           (void *)VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(waitq), extra);
 
        if (waitq == NULL && extra > 0) {
                /*
@@ -5299,24 +5094,17 @@ uint64_t waitq_prepost_reserve(struct waitq *waitq, int extra,
                 * and the set itself may need a new POST object in addition
                 * to the number of preposts requested by the caller
                 */
-               nalloc = waitq_alloc_prepost_reservation(extra + 2, NULL, NULL,
-                                                        &unlocked, &wqp);
+               nalloc = waitq_alloc_prepost_reservation(extra + 2, NULL,
+                   &unlocked, &wqp);
                assert(nalloc == extra + 2);
                return wqp->wqp_prepostid.id;
        }
 
        assert(lock_state == WAITQ_KEEP_LOCKED || lock_state == WAITQ_UNLOCK);
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               *s = splsched();
-       waitq_lock(waitq);
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
 
-       /* global queues are never part of any sets */
-       if (waitq_is_global(waitq)) {
-               if (keep_locked)
-                       goto out;
-               goto out_unlock;
-       }
+       waitq_lock(waitq);
 
        /* remember the set ID that we started with */
        prev_setid = waitq->waitq_set_id;
@@ -5327,27 +5115,30 @@ uint64_t waitq_prepost_reserve(struct waitq *waitq, int extra,
         * keep the set locked, then we don't have to reserve
         * anything!
         */
-       if (prev_setid == 0 && keep_locked)
+       if (prev_setid == 0 && keep_locked) {
                goto out;
+       }
 
        npreposts = waitq_count_prepost_reservation(waitq, extra, keep_locked);
 
        /* nothing for us to do! */
        if (npreposts == 0) {
-               if (keep_locked)
+               if (keep_locked) {
                        goto out;
+               }
                goto out_unlock;
        }
 
 try_alloc:
        /* this _may_ unlock and relock the waitq! */
-       nalloc = waitq_alloc_prepost_reservation(npreposts, waitq, s,
-                                                &unlocked, &wqp);
+       nalloc = waitq_alloc_prepost_reservation(npreposts, waitq,
+           &unlocked, &wqp);
 
        if (!unlocked) {
                /* allocation held the waitq lock: we'd done! */
-               if (keep_locked)
+               if (keep_locked) {
                        goto out;
+               }
                goto out_unlock;
        }
 
@@ -5367,9 +5158,10 @@ try_alloc:
         */
        if ((waitq->waitq_set_id == 0) ||
            (waitq->waitq_set_id == prev_setid &&
-            waitq->waitq_prepost_id == prev_prepostid)) {
-               if (keep_locked)
+           waitq->waitq_prepost_id == prev_prepostid)) {
+               if (keep_locked) {
                        goto out;
+               }
                goto out_unlock;
        }
 
@@ -5382,16 +5174,16 @@ try_alloc:
                goto try_alloc;
        }
 
-       if (keep_locked)
+       if (keep_locked) {
                goto out;
+       }
 
 out_unlock:
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               splx(*s);
 out:
-       if (wqp)
+       if (wqp) {
                reserved = wqp->wqp_prepostid.id;
+       }
 
        return reserved;
 }
@@ -5402,15 +5194,17 @@ out:
  * Conditions:
  *     may (rarely) spin waiting for prepost table growth memcpy
  */
-void waitq_prepost_release_reserve(uint64_t id)
+void
+waitq_prepost_release_reserve(uint64_t id)
 {
        struct wq_prepost *wqp;
 
        wqdbg_v("releasing reserved preposts starting at: 0x%llx", id);
 
        wqp = wq_prepost_rfirst(id);
-       if (!wqp)
+       if (!wqp) {
                return;
+       }
 
        wq_prepost_release_rlist(wqp);
 }
@@ -5422,29 +5216,37 @@ void waitq_prepost_release_reserve(uint64_t id)
  * Conditions:
  *     'wqset' is not locked
  */
-void waitq_set_clear_preposts(struct waitq_set *wqset)
+void
+waitq_set_clear_preposts(struct waitq_set *wqset)
 {
        uint64_t prepost_id;
        spl_t spl;
 
        assert(waitqs_is_set(wqset));
 
+       if (!wqset->wqset_q.waitq_prepost || !wqset->wqset_prepost_id) {
+               return;
+       }
+
        wqdbg_v("Clearing all preposted queues on waitq_set: 0x%llx",
-               wqset->wqset_id);
+           wqset->wqset_id);
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q))
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q)) {
                spl = splsched();
+       }
        waitq_set_lock(wqset);
        prepost_id = wqset->wqset_prepost_id;
        wqset->wqset_prepost_id = 0;
        waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q))
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q)) {
                splx(spl);
+       }
 
        /* drop / unlink all the prepost table objects */
-       if (prepost_id)
+       if (prepost_id) {
                (void)wq_prepost_iterate(prepost_id, NULL,
-                                        wqset_clear_prepost_chain_cb);
+                   wqset_clear_prepost_chain_cb);
+       }
 }
 
 
@@ -5458,38 +5260,32 @@ struct wq_it_ctx {
        void *input;
        void *ctx;
        waitq_iterator_t it;
-
-       spl_t *spl;
 };
 
-static int waitq_iterate_sets_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
-                                struct setid_link *link)
+static int
+waitq_iterate_sets_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
+    struct waitq_link *link)
 {
        struct wq_it_ctx *wctx = (struct wq_it_ctx *)(ctx);
        struct waitq_set *wqset;
        int ret;
-       spl_t spl;
 
        (void)waitq;
-       assert(sl_type(link) == SLT_WQS);
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
+       assert(wql_type(link) == WQL_WQS);
 
        /*
         * the waitq is locked, so we can just take the set lock
         * and call the iterator function
         */
-       wqset = link->sl_wqs.sl_set;
+       wqset = link->wql_wqs.wql_set;
        assert(wqset != NULL);
-
-       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq) && waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q))
-               spl = splsched();
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q));
        waitq_set_lock(wqset);
 
        ret = wctx->it(wctx->ctx, (struct waitq *)wctx->input, wqset);
 
        waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
-       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq) && waitq_irq_safe(&wqset->wqset_q))
-               splx(spl);
-
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -5500,13 +5296,13 @@ static int waitq_iterate_sets_cb(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx,
  *     Called from wq_prepost_foreach_locked
  *     (wqset locked, waitq _not_ locked)
  */
-static int wqset_iterate_prepost_cb(struct waitq_set *wqset, void *ctx,
-                                   struct wq_prepost *wqp, struct waitq *waitq)
+static int
+wqset_iterate_prepost_cb(struct waitq_set *wqset, void *ctx,
+    struct wq_prepost *wqp, struct waitq *waitq)
 {
        struct wq_it_ctx *wctx = (struct wq_it_ctx *)(ctx);
        uint64_t wqp_id;
        int ret;
-       spl_t s;
 
        (void)wqp;
 
@@ -5520,16 +5316,15 @@ static int wqset_iterate_prepost_cb(struct waitq_set *wqset, void *ctx,
         * to go. If not, we need to back off, check that the 'wqp' hasn't
         * been invalidated, and try to re-take the locks.
         */
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               s = splsched();
-       if (waitq_lock_try(waitq))
-               goto call_iterator;
+       assert(!waitq_irq_safe(waitq));
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               splx(s);
+       if (waitq_lock_try(waitq)) {
+               goto call_iterator;
+       }
 
-       if (!wqp_is_valid(wqp))
+       if (!wqp_is_valid(wqp)) {
                return WQ_ITERATE_RESTART;
+       }
 
        /* We are passed a prepost object with a reference on it. If neither
         * the waitq set nor the waitq require interrupts disabled, then we
@@ -5541,13 +5336,14 @@ static int wqset_iterate_prepost_cb(struct waitq_set *wqset, void *ctx,
        wq_prepost_put(wqp);
        waitq_set_unlock(wqset);
        wqdbg_v("dropped set:%p lock waiting for wqp:%p (0x%llx -> wq:%p)",
-               wqset, wqp, wqp->wqp_prepostid.id, waitq);
+           wqset, wqp, wqp->wqp_prepostid.id, waitq);
        delay(1);
        waitq_set_lock(wqset);
        wqp = wq_prepost_get(wqp_id);
-       if (!wqp)
+       if (!wqp) {
                /* someone cleared preposts while we slept! */
                return WQ_ITERATE_DROPPED;
+       }
 
        /*
         * TODO:
@@ -5570,16 +5366,11 @@ call_iterator:
 
        if (ret == WQ_ITERATE_BREAK_KEEP_LOCKED) {
                ret = WQ_ITERATE_BREAK;
-               if (wctx->spl)
-                       *(wctx->spl) = s;
                goto out;
        }
 
 out_unlock:
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               splx(s);
-
 out:
        return ret;
 }
@@ -5588,9 +5379,10 @@ out:
  * iterator over all sets to which the given waitq has been linked
  *
  * Conditions:
- *     'waitq' is locked
+ *      'waitq' is locked
  */
-int waitq_iterate_sets(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx, waitq_iterator_t it)
+int
+waitq_iterate_sets(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx, waitq_iterator_t it)
 {
        int ret;
        struct wq_it_ctx wctx = {
@@ -5598,13 +5390,15 @@ int waitq_iterate_sets(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx, waitq_iterator_t it)
                .ctx = ctx,
                .it = it,
        };
-       if (!it || !waitq)
+       if (!it || !waitq) {
                return KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+       }
 
-       ret = walk_setid_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
-                              SLT_WQS, (void *)&wctx, waitq_iterate_sets_cb);
-       if (ret == WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE)
+       ret = walk_waitq_links(LINK_WALK_ONE_LEVEL, waitq, waitq->waitq_set_id,
+           WQL_WQS, (void *)&wctx, waitq_iterate_sets_cb);
+       if (ret == WQ_ITERATE_CONTINUE) {
                ret = WQ_ITERATE_SUCCESS;
+       }
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -5612,24 +5406,25 @@ int waitq_iterate_sets(struct waitq *waitq, void *ctx, waitq_iterator_t it)
  * iterator over all preposts in the given wqset
  *
  * Conditions:
- *     'wqset' is locked
+ *      'wqset' is locked
  */
-int waitq_set_iterate_preposts(struct waitq_set *wqset,
-                              void *ctx, waitq_iterator_t it, spl_t *s)
+int
+waitq_set_iterate_preposts(struct waitq_set *wqset,
+    void *ctx, waitq_iterator_t it)
 {
        struct wq_it_ctx wctx = {
                .input = (void *)wqset,
                .ctx = ctx,
                .it = it,
-               .spl = s,
        };
-       if (!it || !wqset)
+       if (!it || !wqset) {
                return WQ_ITERATE_INVALID;
+       }
 
        assert(waitq_held(&wqset->wqset_q));
 
        return wq_prepost_foreach_locked(wqset, (void *)&wctx,
-                                        wqset_iterate_prepost_cb);
+                  wqset_iterate_prepost_cb);
 }
 
 
@@ -5639,41 +5434,40 @@ int waitq_set_iterate_preposts(struct waitq_set *wqset,
  *
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
+
 /**
  * declare a thread's intent to wait on 'waitq' for 'wait_event'
  *
  * Conditions:
  *     'waitq' is not locked
- *     will disable and re-enable interrupts while locking current_thread()
  */
-wait_result_t waitq_assert_wait64(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                 event64_t wait_event,
-                                 wait_interrupt_t interruptible,
-                                 uint64_t deadline)
+wait_result_t
+waitq_assert_wait64(struct waitq *waitq,
+    event64_t wait_event,
+    wait_interrupt_t interruptible,
+    uint64_t deadline)
 {
-       wait_result_t ret;
        thread_t thread = current_thread();
+       wait_result_t ret;
        spl_t s;
 
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
                panic("Invalid waitq: %p", waitq);
+       }
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               s = splsched();
-       waitq_lock(waitq);
-
-       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
                s = splsched();
-       thread_lock(thread);
+       }
 
+       waitq_lock(waitq);
        ret = waitq_assert_wait64_locked(waitq, wait_event, interruptible,
-                                        TIMEOUT_URGENCY_SYS_NORMAL,
-                                        deadline, TIMEOUT_NO_LEEWAY, thread);
-
-       thread_unlock(thread);
+           TIMEOUT_URGENCY_SYS_NORMAL,
+           deadline, TIMEOUT_NO_LEEWAY, thread);
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
 
-       splx(s);
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+               splx(s);
+       }
 
        return ret;
 }
@@ -5685,35 +5479,34 @@ wait_result_t waitq_assert_wait64(struct waitq *waitq,
  *     'waitq' is not locked
  *     will disable and re-enable interrupts while locking current_thread()
  */
-wait_result_t waitq_assert_wait64_leeway(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                        event64_t wait_event,
-                                        wait_interrupt_t interruptible,
-                                        wait_timeout_urgency_t urgency,
-                                        uint64_t deadline,
-                                        uint64_t leeway)
+wait_result_t
+waitq_assert_wait64_leeway(struct waitq *waitq,
+    event64_t wait_event,
+    wait_interrupt_t interruptible,
+    wait_timeout_urgency_t urgency,
+    uint64_t deadline,
+    uint64_t leeway)
 {
        wait_result_t ret;
        thread_t thread = current_thread();
        spl_t s;
 
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
                panic("Invalid waitq: %p", waitq);
+       }
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
-               s = splsched();
-       waitq_lock(waitq);
-
-       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
                s = splsched();
-       thread_lock(thread);
+       }
 
+       waitq_lock(waitq);
        ret = waitq_assert_wait64_locked(waitq, wait_event, interruptible,
-                                        urgency, deadline, leeway, thread);
-
-       thread_unlock(thread);
+           urgency, deadline, leeway, thread);
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
 
-       splx(s);
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+               splx(s);
+       }
 
        return ret;
 }
@@ -5729,26 +5522,33 @@ wait_result_t waitq_assert_wait64_leeway(struct waitq *waitq,
  * Notes:
  *     will _not_ block if waitq is global (or not a member of any set)
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_one(struct waitq *waitq, event64_t wake_event,
-                                wait_result_t result, int priority)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_wakeup64_one(struct waitq *waitq, event64_t wake_event,
+    wait_result_t result, int priority)
 {
        kern_return_t kr;
        uint64_t reserved_preposts = 0;
        spl_t spl;
 
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
                panic("Invalid waitq: %p", waitq);
+       }
 
-       /* NOTE: this will _not_ reserve anything if waitq is global */
-       reserved_preposts = waitq_prepost_reserve(waitq, 0,
-                                                 WAITQ_KEEP_LOCKED, &spl);
+       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+               /* reserve preposts in addition to locking the waitq */
+               reserved_preposts = waitq_prepost_reserve(waitq, 0, WAITQ_KEEP_LOCKED);
+       } else {
+               spl = splsched();
+               waitq_lock(waitq);
+       }
 
        /* waitq is locked upon return */
        kr = waitq_wakeup64_one_locked(waitq, wake_event, result,
-                                      &reserved_preposts, priority, WAITQ_UNLOCK);
+           &reserved_preposts, priority, WAITQ_UNLOCK, WQ_OPTION_NONE);
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
                splx(spl);
+       }
 
        /* release any left-over prepost object (won't block/lock anything) */
        waitq_prepost_release_reserve(reserved_preposts);
@@ -5767,36 +5567,40 @@ kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_one(struct waitq *waitq, event64_t wake_event,
  * Notes:
  *     will _not_ block if waitq is global (or not a member of any set)
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_all(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                event64_t wake_event,
-                                wait_result_t result,
-                                int priority)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_wakeup64_all(struct waitq *waitq,
+    event64_t wake_event,
+    wait_result_t result,
+    int priority)
 {
        kern_return_t ret;
        uint64_t reserved_preposts = 0;
        spl_t s;
 
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
                panic("Invalid waitq: %p", waitq);
+       }
 
-       /* keep waitq locked upon return */
-       /* NOTE: this will _not_ reserve anything if waitq is global */
-       reserved_preposts = waitq_prepost_reserve(waitq, 0,
-                                                 WAITQ_KEEP_LOCKED, &s);
-
-       /* waitq is locked */
+       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+               /* reserve preposts in addition to locking waitq */
+               reserved_preposts = waitq_prepost_reserve(waitq, 0,
+                   WAITQ_KEEP_LOCKED);
+       } else {
+               s = splsched();
+               waitq_lock(waitq);
+       }
 
        ret = waitq_wakeup64_all_locked(waitq, wake_event, result,
-                                       &reserved_preposts, priority,
-                                       WAITQ_UNLOCK);
+           &reserved_preposts, priority,
+           WAITQ_UNLOCK);
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
                splx(s);
+       }
 
        waitq_prepost_release_reserve(reserved_preposts);
 
        return ret;
-
 }
 
 /**
@@ -5808,19 +5612,22 @@ kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_all(struct waitq *waitq,
  * Notes:
  *     May temporarily disable and re-enable interrupts
  */
-kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_thread(struct waitq *waitq,
-                                   event64_t wake_event,
-                                   thread_t thread,
-                                   wait_result_t result)
+kern_return_t
+waitq_wakeup64_thread(struct waitq *waitq,
+    event64_t wake_event,
+    thread_t thread,
+    wait_result_t result)
 {
        kern_return_t ret;
        spl_t s, th_spl;
 
-       if (!waitq_valid(waitq))
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
                panic("Invalid waitq: %p", waitq);
+       }
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
                s = splsched();
+       }
        waitq_lock(waitq);
 
        ret = waitq_select_thread_locked(waitq, wake_event, thread, &th_spl);
@@ -5829,7 +5636,7 @@ kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_thread(struct waitq *waitq,
        waitq_unlock(waitq);
 
        if (ret == KERN_SUCCESS) {
-               ret = thread_go(thread, result);
+               ret = thread_go(thread, result, WQ_OPTION_NONE);
                assert(ret == KERN_SUCCESS);
                thread_unlock(thread);
                splx(th_spl);
@@ -5839,8 +5646,67 @@ kern_return_t waitq_wakeup64_thread(struct waitq *waitq,
                waitq_stats_count_fail(waitq);
        }
 
-       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq))
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
                splx(s);
+       }
 
        return ret;
 }
+
+/**
+ * wakeup a single thread from a waitq that's waiting for a given event
+ * and return a reference to that thread
+ * returns THREAD_NULL if no thread was waiting
+ *
+ * Conditions:
+ *     'waitq' is not locked
+ *     may (rarely) block if 'waitq' is non-global and a member of 1 or more sets
+ *     may disable and re-enable interrupts
+ *
+ * Notes:
+ *     will _not_ block if waitq is global (or not a member of any set)
+ */
+thread_t
+waitq_wakeup64_identify(struct waitq    *waitq,
+    event64_t       wake_event,
+    wait_result_t   result,
+    int             priority)
+{
+       uint64_t reserved_preposts = 0;
+       spl_t thread_spl = 0;
+       thread_t thread;
+       spl_t spl;
+
+       if (!waitq_valid(waitq)) {
+               panic("Invalid waitq: %p", waitq);
+       }
+
+       if (!waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+               /* reserve preposts in addition to locking waitq */
+               reserved_preposts = waitq_prepost_reserve(waitq, 0, WAITQ_KEEP_LOCKED);
+       } else {
+               spl = splsched();
+               waitq_lock(waitq);
+       }
+
+       thread = waitq_wakeup64_identify_locked(waitq, wake_event, result,
+           &thread_spl, &reserved_preposts,
+           priority, WAITQ_UNLOCK);
+       /* waitq is unlocked, thread is locked */
+
+       if (thread != THREAD_NULL) {
+               thread_reference(thread);
+               thread_unlock(thread);
+               splx(thread_spl);
+       }
+
+       if (waitq_irq_safe(waitq)) {
+               splx(spl);
+       }
+
+       /* release any left-over prepost object (won't block/lock anything) */
+       waitq_prepost_release_reserve(reserved_preposts);
+
+       /* returns +1 ref to running thread or THREAD_NULL */
+       return thread;
+}