]> git.saurik.com Git - apple/xnu.git/blobdiff - bsd/kern/kern_exec.c
xnu-4903.270.47.tar.gz
[apple/xnu.git] / bsd / kern / kern_exec.c
index 20b1f0317a610aa49e332cbc21555defa5903312..fea51a17250fa9fab4a580963ef3e88012ab9bbb 100644 (file)
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000-2011 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000-2013 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
  *
  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
- * 
+ *
  * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
  * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
  * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
  * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
  * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
  * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
- * 
+ *
  * Please obtain a copy of the License at
  * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
- * 
+ *
  * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
  * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
  * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
  * limitations under the License.
- * 
+ *
  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
  */
 /* Copyright (c) 1995 NeXT Computer, Inc. All Rights Reserved */
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
  * All rights reserved.  The CMU software License Agreement specifies
  * the terms and conditions for use and redistribution.
  */
+
 /*-
  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1991, 1993
  *     The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
 #include <sys/malloc.h>
 #include <sys/namei.h>
 #include <sys/mount_internal.h>
-#include <sys/vnode_internal.h>                
+#include <sys/vnode_internal.h>
 #include <sys/file_internal.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/uio_internal.h>
 #include <sys/aio_kern.h>
 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
 #include <sys/persona.h>
+#include <sys/reason.h>
 #if SYSV_SHM
-#include <sys/shm_internal.h>          /* shmexec() */
+#include <sys/shm_internal.h>           /* shmexec() */
 #endif
-#include <sys/ubc_internal.h>          /* ubc_map() */
+#include <sys/ubc_internal.h>           /* ubc_map() */
 #include <sys/spawn.h>
 #include <sys/spawn_internal.h>
 #include <sys/process_policy.h>
 #include <sys/codesign.h>
+#include <sys/random.h>
 #include <crypto/sha1.h>
 
 #include <libkern/libkern.h>
 #include <kern/assert.h>
 #include <kern/task.h>
 #include <kern/coalition.h>
+#include <kern/policy_internal.h>
 #include <kern/kalloc.h>
 
+#include <os/log.h>
+
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-#include <security/mac.h>
+#include <security/mac_framework.h>
 #include <security/mac_mach_internal.h>
 #endif
 
 #include <sys/kern_memorystatus.h>
 #endif
 
+#include <IOKit/IOBSD.h>
+
+extern boolean_t vm_darkwake_mode;
+
 #if CONFIG_DTRACE
 /* Do not include dtrace.h, it redefines kmem_[alloc/free] */
-extern void (*dtrace_fasttrap_exec_ptr)(proc_t);
+extern void dtrace_proc_exec(proc_t);
 extern void (*dtrace_proc_waitfor_exec_ptr)(proc_t);
-extern void (*dtrace_helpers_cleanup)(proc_t);
-extern void dtrace_lazy_dofs_destroy(proc_t);
 
 /*
  * Since dtrace_proc_waitfor_exec_ptr can be added/removed in dtrace_subr.c,
@@ -174,22 +181,36 @@ static void (*dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook)(proc_t) = NULL;
 #endif
 
 /* support for child creation in exec after vfork */
-thread_t fork_create_child(task_t parent_task, coalition_t *parent_coalition, proc_t child_proc, int inherit_memory, int is64bit);
+thread_t fork_create_child(task_t parent_task,
+    coalition_t *parent_coalition,
+    proc_t child_proc,
+    int inherit_memory,
+    int is_64bit_addr,
+    int is_64bit_data,
+    int in_exec);
 void vfork_exit(proc_t p, int rv);
 extern void proc_apply_task_networkbg_internal(proc_t, thread_t);
+extern void task_set_did_exec_flag(task_t task);
+extern void task_clear_exec_copy_flag(task_t task);
+proc_t proc_exec_switch_task(proc_t p, task_t old_task, task_t new_task, thread_t new_thread);
+boolean_t task_is_active(task_t);
+boolean_t thread_is_active(thread_t thread);
+void thread_copy_resource_info(thread_t dst_thread, thread_t src_thread);
+void *ipc_importance_exec_switch_task(task_t old_task, task_t new_task);
+extern void ipc_importance_release(void *elem);
 
 /*
  * Mach things for which prototypes are unavailable from Mach headers
  */
-void           ipc_task_reset(
-                       task_t          task);
-void           ipc_thread_reset(
-                       thread_t        thread);
+void            ipc_task_reset(
+       task_t          task);
+void            ipc_thread_reset(
+       thread_t        thread);
 kern_return_t ipc_object_copyin(
-       ipc_space_t             space,
-       mach_port_name_t        name,
-       mach_msg_type_name_t    msgt_name,
-       ipc_object_t            *objectp);
+       ipc_space_t             space,
+       mach_port_name_t        name,
+       mach_msg_type_name_t    msgt_name,
+       ipc_object_t            *objectp);
 void ipc_port_release_send(ipc_port_t);
 
 #if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
@@ -197,7 +218,6 @@ void task_importance_update_owner_info(task_t);
 #endif
 
 extern struct savearea *get_user_regs(thread_t);
-extern kern_return_t machine_thread_neon_state_initialize(thread_t thread);
 
 __attribute__((noinline)) int __EXEC_WAITING_ON_TASKGATED_CODE_SIGNATURE_UPCALL__(mach_port_t task_access_port, int32_t new_pid);
 
@@ -219,7 +239,7 @@ __attribute__((noinline)) int __EXEC_WAITING_ON_TASKGATED_CODE_SIGNATURE_UPCALL_
  *                     activator in exec_activate_image() before treating
  *                     it as malformed/corrupt.
  */
-#define EAI_ITERLIMIT          3
+#define EAI_ITERLIMIT           3
 
 /*
  * For #! interpreter parsing
@@ -229,12 +249,23 @@ __attribute__((noinline)) int __EXEC_WAITING_ON_TASKGATED_CODE_SIGNATURE_UPCALL_
 
 extern vm_map_t bsd_pageable_map;
 extern const struct fileops vnops;
+extern int nextpidversion;
 
-#define        USER_ADDR_ALIGN(addr, val) \
+#define USER_ADDR_ALIGN(addr, val) \
        ( ( (user_addr_t)(addr) + (val) - 1) \
-               & ~((val) - 1) )
+               & ~((val) - 1) )
 
-struct image_params;   /* Forward */
+/* Platform Code Exec Logging */
+static int platform_exec_logging = 0;
+
+SYSCTL_DECL(_security_mac);
+
+SYSCTL_INT(_security_mac, OID_AUTO, platform_exec_logging, CTLFLAG_RW, &platform_exec_logging, 0,
+    "log cdhashes for all platform binary executions");
+
+static os_log_t peLog = OS_LOG_DEFAULT;
+
+struct image_params;    /* Forward */
 static int exec_activate_image(struct image_params *imgp);
 static int exec_copyout_strings(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t *stackp);
 static int load_return_to_errno(load_return_t lrtn);
@@ -242,18 +273,18 @@ static int execargs_alloc(struct image_params *imgp);
 static int execargs_free(struct image_params *imgp);
 static int exec_check_permissions(struct image_params *imgp);
 static int exec_extract_strings(struct image_params *imgp);
-static int exec_add_apple_strings(struct image_params *imgp);
+static int exec_add_apple_strings(struct image_params *imgp, const load_result_t *load_result);
 static int exec_handle_sugid(struct image_params *imgp);
 static int sugid_scripts = 0;
-SYSCTL_INT (_kern, OID_AUTO, sugid_scripts, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_LOCKED, &sugid_scripts, 0, "");
+SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, sugid_scripts, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_LOCKED, &sugid_scripts, 0, "");
 static kern_return_t create_unix_stack(vm_map_t map, load_result_t* load_result, proc_t p);
 static int copyoutptr(user_addr_t ua, user_addr_t ptr, int ptr_size);
 static void exec_resettextvp(proc_t, struct image_params *);
 static int check_for_signature(proc_t, struct image_params *);
 static void exec_prefault_data(proc_t, struct image_params *, load_result_t *);
-static errno_t exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags, boolean_t * portwatch_present, ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports);
+static errno_t exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, boolean_t * portwatch_present, ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports);
 static errno_t exec_handle_spawnattr_policy(proc_t p, int psa_apptype, uint64_t psa_qos_clamp, uint64_t psa_darwin_role,
-                             ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports, int portwatch_count);
+    ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports, int portwatch_count);
 
 /*
  * exec_add_user_string
@@ -277,35 +308,36 @@ static int
 exec_add_user_string(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t str, int seg, boolean_t is_ncargs)
 {
        int error = 0;
-       
+
        do {
                size_t len = 0;
                int space;
-               
-               if (is_ncargs)
+
+               if (is_ncargs) {
                        space = imgp->ip_argspace; /* by definition smaller than ip_strspace */
-               else
+               } else {
                        space = imgp->ip_strspace;
-               
+               }
+
                if (space <= 0) {
                        error = E2BIG;
                        break;
                }
-               
+
                if (!UIO_SEG_IS_USER_SPACE(seg)) {
-                       char *kstr = CAST_DOWN(char *,str);     /* SAFE */
+                       char *kstr = CAST_DOWN(char *, str);     /* SAFE */
                        error = copystr(kstr, imgp->ip_strendp, space, &len);
-               } else  {
+               } else {
                        error = copyinstr(str, imgp->ip_strendp, space, &len);
                }
 
                imgp->ip_strendp += len;
                imgp->ip_strspace -= len;
-               if (is_ncargs)
+               if (is_ncargs) {
                        imgp->ip_argspace -= len;
-               
+               }
        } while (error == ENAMETOOLONG);
-       
+
        return error;
 }
 
@@ -313,7 +345,7 @@ exec_add_user_string(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t str, int seg, boolea
  * dyld is now passed the executable path as a getenv-like variable
  * in the same fashion as the stack_guard and malloc_entropy keys.
  */
-#define        EXECUTABLE_KEY "executable_path="
+#define EXECUTABLE_KEY "executable_path="
 
 /*
  * exec_save_path
@@ -362,13 +394,13 @@ exec_save_path(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t path, int seg, const char
 
        len = MIN(MAXPATHLEN, imgp->ip_strspace);
 
-       switch(seg) {
+       switch (seg) {
        case UIO_USERSPACE32:
-       case UIO_USERSPACE64:   /* Same for copyin()... */
+       case UIO_USERSPACE64:   /* Same for copyin()... */
                error = copyinstr(path, imgp->ip_strings + strlen(EXECUTABLE_KEY), len, &len);
                break;
        case UIO_SYSSPACE:
-               kpath = CAST_DOWN(char *,path); /* SAFE */
+               kpath = CAST_DOWN(char *, path); /* SAFE */
                error = copystr(kpath, imgp->ip_strings + strlen(EXECUTABLE_KEY), len, &len);
                break;
        default:
@@ -388,7 +420,7 @@ exec_save_path(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t path, int seg, const char
                }
        }
 
-       return(error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -396,7 +428,7 @@ exec_save_path(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t path, int seg, const char
  *
  * If we detect a shell script, we need to reset the string area
  * state so that the interpreter can be saved onto the stack.
-
+ *
  * Parameters; struct image_params *           image parameter block
  *
  * Returns:    int                     0       Success
@@ -413,9 +445,9 @@ exec_reset_save_path(struct image_params *imgp)
 {
        imgp->ip_strendp = imgp->ip_strings;
        imgp->ip_argspace = NCARGS;
-       imgp->ip_strspace = ( NCARGS + PAGE_SIZE );
+       imgp->ip_strspace = (NCARGS + PAGE_SIZE);
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -446,10 +478,6 @@ exec_shell_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
        char *ihp;
        char *line_startp, *line_endp;
        char *interp;
-       proc_t p;
-       struct fileproc *fp;
-       int fd;
-       int error;
 
        /*
         * Make sure it's a shell script.  If we've already redirected
@@ -458,12 +486,12 @@ exec_shell_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
        if (vdata[0] != '#' ||
            vdata[1] != '!' ||
            (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_INTERPRET) != 0) {
-               return (-1);
+               return -1;
        }
 
        if (imgp->ip_origcputype != 0) {
                /* Fat header previously matched, don't allow shell script inside */
-               return (-1);
+               return -1;
        }
 
        imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_INTERPRET;
@@ -479,10 +507,10 @@ exec_shell_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
        }
 
        /* Try to find the first non-whitespace character */
-       for( ihp = &vdata[2]; ihp < &vdata[IMG_SHSIZE]; ihp++ ) {
+       for (ihp = &vdata[2]; ihp < &vdata[IMG_SHSIZE]; ihp++) {
                if (IS_EOL(*ihp)) {
                        /* Did not find interpreter, "#!\n" */
-                       return (ENOEXEC);
+                       return ENOEXEC;
                } else if (IS_WHITESPACE(*ihp)) {
                        /* Whitespace, like "#!    /bin/sh\n", keep going. */
                } else {
@@ -493,13 +521,13 @@ exec_shell_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
 
        if (ihp == &vdata[IMG_SHSIZE]) {
                /* All whitespace, like "#!           " */
-               return (ENOEXEC);
+               return ENOEXEC;
        }
 
        line_startp = ihp;
 
        /* Try to find the end of the interpreter+args string */
-       for ( ; ihp < &vdata[IMG_SHSIZE]; ihp++ ) {
+       for (; ihp < &vdata[IMG_SHSIZE]; ihp++) {
                if (IS_EOL(*ihp)) {
                        /* Got it */
                        break;
@@ -510,7 +538,7 @@ exec_shell_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
 
        if (ihp == &vdata[IMG_SHSIZE]) {
                /* A long line, like "#! blah blah blah" without end */
-               return (ENOEXEC);
+               return ENOEXEC;
        }
 
        /* Backtrack until we find the last non-whitespace */
@@ -530,35 +558,44 @@ exec_shell_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
 
        /* copy the interpreter name */
        interp = imgp->ip_interp_buffer;
-       for ( ihp = line_startp; (ihp < line_endp) && !IS_WHITESPACE(*ihp); ihp++)
+       for (ihp = line_startp; (ihp < line_endp) && !IS_WHITESPACE(*ihp); ihp++) {
                *interp++ = *ihp;
+       }
        *interp = '\0';
 
        exec_reset_save_path(imgp);
        exec_save_path(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(imgp->ip_interp_buffer),
-                                                       UIO_SYSSPACE, NULL);
+           UIO_SYSSPACE, NULL);
 
        /* Copy the entire interpreter + args for later processing into argv[] */
        interp = imgp->ip_interp_buffer;
-       for ( ihp = line_startp; (ihp < line_endp); ihp++)
+       for (ihp = line_startp; (ihp < line_endp); ihp++) {
                *interp++ = *ihp;
+       }
        *interp = '\0';
 
+#if !SECURE_KERNEL
        /*
-        * If we have a SUID oder SGID script, create a file descriptor
+        * If we have an SUID or SGID script, create a file descriptor
         * from the vnode and pass /dev/fd/%d instead of the actual
         * path name so that the script does not get opened twice
         */
        if (imgp->ip_origvattr->va_mode & (VSUID | VSGID)) {
+               proc_t p;
+               struct fileproc *fp;
+               int fd;
+               int error;
+
                p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
                error = falloc(p, &fp, &fd, imgp->ip_vfs_context);
-               if (error)
-                       return(error);
+               if (error) {
+                       return error;
+               }
 
                fp->f_fglob->fg_flag = FREAD;
                fp->f_fglob->fg_ops = &vnops;
                fp->f_fglob->fg_data = (caddr_t)imgp->ip_vp;
-               
+
                proc_fdlock(p);
                procfdtbl_releasefd(p, fd, NULL);
                fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 1);
@@ -567,8 +604,9 @@ exec_shell_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
 
                imgp->ip_interp_sugid_fd = fd;
        }
+#endif
 
-       return (-3);
+       return -3;
 }
 
 
@@ -594,7 +632,7 @@ exec_shell_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
  *             activators should not be given the opportunity to attempt
  *             to activate the image.
  *
- *             If we find an encapsulated binary, we make no assertions
+ *              If we find an encapsulated binary, we make no assertions
  *             about its  validity; instead, we leave that up to a rescan
  *             for an activator to claim it, and, if it is claimed by one,
  *             that activator is responsible for determining validity.
@@ -612,7 +650,8 @@ exec_fat_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
 
        if (imgp->ip_origcputype != 0) {
                /* Fat header previously matched, don't allow another fat file inside */
-               return (-1);
+               error = -1; /* not claimed */
+               goto bad;
        }
 
        /* Make sure it's a fat binary */
@@ -648,9 +687,9 @@ exec_fat_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
                        }
 
                        lret = fatfile_getbestarch_for_cputype(pref,
-                                                       (vm_offset_t)fat_header,
-                                                       PAGE_SIZE,
-                                                       &fat_arch);
+                           (vm_offset_t)fat_header,
+                           PAGE_SIZE,
+                           &fat_arch);
                        if (lret == LOAD_SUCCESS) {
                                goto use_arch;
                        }
@@ -664,8 +703,8 @@ exec_fat_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
 regular_grading:
        /* Look up our preferred architecture in the fat file. */
        lret = fatfile_getbestarch((vm_offset_t)fat_header,
-                               PAGE_SIZE,
-                               &fat_arch);
+           PAGE_SIZE,
+           &fat_arch);
        if (lret != LOAD_SUCCESS) {
                error = load_return_to_errno(lret);
                goto bad;
@@ -674,9 +713,9 @@ regular_grading:
 use_arch:
        /* Read the Mach-O header out of fat_arch */
        error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, imgp->ip_vp, imgp->ip_vdata,
-                       PAGE_SIZE, fat_arch.offset,
-                       UIO_SYSSPACE, (IO_UNIT|IO_NODELOCKED),
-                       cred, &resid, p);
+           PAGE_SIZE, fat_arch.offset,
+           UIO_SYSSPACE, (IO_UNIT | IO_NODELOCKED),
+           cred, &resid, p);
        if (error) {
                goto bad;
        }
@@ -694,20 +733,27 @@ use_arch:
 
 bad:
        kauth_cred_unref(&cred);
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 static int
-activate_thread_state(thread_t thread, load_result_t *result)
+activate_exec_state(task_t task, proc_t p, thread_t thread, load_result_t *result)
 {
        int ret;
 
+       task_set_dyld_info(task, MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS, 0);
+       task_set_64bit(task, result->is_64bit_addr, result->is_64bit_data);
+       if (result->is_64bit_addr) {
+               OSBitOrAtomic(P_LP64, &p->p_flag);
+       } else {
+               OSBitAndAtomic(~((uint32_t)P_LP64), &p->p_flag);
+       }
+
        ret = thread_state_initialize(thread);
        if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }
 
-
        if (result->threadstate) {
                uint32_t *ts = result->threadstate;
                uint32_t total_size = result->threadstate_sz;
@@ -731,6 +777,31 @@ activate_thread_state(thread_t thread, load_result_t *result)
 }
 
 
+/*
+ * Set p->p_comm and p->p_name to the name passed to exec
+ */
+static void
+set_proc_name(struct image_params *imgp, proc_t p)
+{
+       int p_name_len = sizeof(p->p_name) - 1;
+
+       if (imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen > p_name_len) {
+               imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen = p_name_len;
+       }
+
+       bcopy((caddr_t)imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, (caddr_t)p->p_name,
+           (unsigned)imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen);
+       p->p_name[imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen] = '\0';
+
+       if (imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen > MAXCOMLEN) {
+               imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen = MAXCOMLEN;
+       }
+
+       bcopy((caddr_t)imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, (caddr_t)p->p_comm,
+           (unsigned)imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen);
+       p->p_comm[imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen] = '\0';
+}
+
 /*
  * exec_mach_imgact
  *
@@ -758,27 +829,28 @@ static int
 exec_mach_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
 {
        struct mach_header *mach_header = (struct mach_header *)imgp->ip_vdata;
-       proc_t                  p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
-       int                     error = 0;
-       task_t                  task;
-       task_t                  new_task = NULL; /* protected by vfexec */
-       thread_t                thread;
-       struct uthread          *uthread;
+       proc_t                  p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
+       int                     error = 0;
+       task_t                  task;
+       task_t                  new_task = NULL; /* protected by vfexec */
+       thread_t                thread;
+       struct uthread          *uthread;
        vm_map_t old_map = VM_MAP_NULL;
-       vm_map_t map;
-       load_return_t           lret;
-       load_result_t           load_result;
+       vm_map_t map = VM_MAP_NULL;
+       load_return_t           lret;
+       load_result_t           load_result = {};
        struct _posix_spawnattr *psa = NULL;
-       int                     spawn = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_SPAWN);
-       int                     vfexec = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_VFORK_EXEC);
-       int                     p_name_len;
+       int                     spawn = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_SPAWN);
+       int                     vfexec = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_VFORK_EXEC);
+       int                     exec = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_EXEC);
+       os_reason_t             exec_failure_reason = OS_REASON_NULL;
 
        /*
         * make sure it's a Mach-O 1.0 or Mach-O 2.0 binary; the difference
         * is a reserved field on the end, so for the most part, we can
         * treat them as if they were identical. Reverse-endian Mach-O
         * binaries are recognized but not compatible.
-        */
+        */
        if ((mach_header->magic == MH_CIGAM) ||
            (mach_header->magic == MH_CIGAM_64)) {
                error = EBADARCH;
@@ -799,7 +871,7 @@ exec_mach_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
        if (imgp->ip_origcputype != 0) {
                /* Fat header previously had an idea about this thin file */
                if (imgp->ip_origcputype != mach_header->cputype ||
-                       imgp->ip_origcpusubtype != mach_header->cpusubtype) {
+                   imgp->ip_origcpusubtype != mach_header->cpusubtype) {
                        error = EBADARCH;
                        goto bad;
                }
@@ -812,8 +884,9 @@ exec_mach_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
        thread = current_thread();
        uthread = get_bsdthread_info(thread);
 
-       if ((mach_header->cputype & CPU_ARCH_ABI64) == CPU_ARCH_ABI64)
-               imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_IS_64BIT;
+       if ((mach_header->cputype & CPU_ARCH_ABI64) == CPU_ARCH_ABI64) {
+               imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_IS_64BIT_ADDR | IMGPF_IS_64BIT_DATA;
+       }
 
        /* If posix_spawn binprefs exist, respect those prefs. */
        psa = (struct _posix_spawnattr *) imgp->ip_px_sa;
@@ -846,16 +919,14 @@ grade:
                goto bad;
        }
 
+
        /* Copy in arguments/environment from the old process */
        error = exec_extract_strings(imgp);
-       if (error)
-               goto bad;
-
-       error = exec_add_apple_strings(imgp);
-       if (error)
+       if (error) {
                goto bad;
+       }
 
-       AUDIT_ARG(argv, imgp->ip_startargv, imgp->ip_argc, 
+       AUDIT_ARG(argv, imgp->ip_startargv, imgp->ip_argc,
            imgp->ip_endargv - imgp->ip_startargv);
        AUDIT_ARG(envv, imgp->ip_endargv, imgp->ip_envc,
            imgp->ip_endenvv - imgp->ip_endargv);
@@ -867,36 +938,26 @@ grade:
         * obtained indirectly from the image_params vfs_context_t, is the
         * new child process.
         */
-       if (vfexec || spawn) {
-               if (vfexec) {
-                       imgp->ip_new_thread = fork_create_child(task, NULL, p, FALSE, (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT));
-                       if (imgp->ip_new_thread == NULL) {
-                               error = ENOMEM;
-                               goto bad;
-                       }
+       if (vfexec) {
+               imgp->ip_new_thread = fork_create_child(task,
+                   NULL,
+                   p,
+                   FALSE,
+                   (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT_ADDR),
+                   (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT_DATA),
+                   FALSE);
+               /* task and thread ref returned, will be released in __mac_execve */
+               if (imgp->ip_new_thread == NULL) {
+                       error = ENOMEM;
+                       goto bad;
                }
-
-               /* reset local idea of thread, uthread, task */
-               thread = imgp->ip_new_thread;
-               uthread = get_bsdthread_info(thread);
-               task = new_task = get_threadtask(thread);
-               map = get_task_map(task);
-       } else {
-               map = VM_MAP_NULL;
        }
 
-       /*
-        * We set these flags here; this is OK, since if we fail after
-        * this point, we have already destroyed the parent process anyway.
-        */
-       task_set_dyld_info(task, MACH_VM_MIN_ADDRESS, 0);
-       if (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT) {
-               task_set_64bit(task, TRUE);
-               OSBitOrAtomic(P_LP64, &p->p_flag);
-       } else {
-               task_set_64bit(task, FALSE);
-               OSBitAndAtomic(~((uint32_t)P_LP64), &p->p_flag);
-       }
+
+       /* reset local idea of thread, uthread, task */
+       thread = imgp->ip_new_thread;
+       uthread = get_bsdthread_info(thread);
+       task = new_task = get_threadtask(thread);
 
        /*
         *      Load the Mach-O file.
@@ -914,9 +975,29 @@ grade:
         * Actually load the image file we previously decided to load.
         */
        lret = load_machfile(imgp, mach_header, thread, &map, &load_result);
-
        if (lret != LOAD_SUCCESS) {
                error = load_return_to_errno(lret);
+
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                   p->p_pid, OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_BAD_MACHO, 0, 0);
+               if (lret == LOAD_BADMACHO_UPX) {
+                       /* set anything that might be useful in the crash report */
+                       set_proc_name(imgp, p);
+
+                       exec_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_UPX);
+                       exec_failure_reason->osr_flags |= OS_REASON_FLAG_GENERATE_CRASH_REPORT;
+                       exec_failure_reason->osr_flags |= OS_REASON_FLAG_CONSISTENT_FAILURE;
+               } else if (lret == LOAD_BADARCH_X86) {
+                       /* set anything that might be useful in the crash report */
+                       set_proc_name(imgp, p);
+
+                       exec_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_NO32EXEC);
+                       exec_failure_reason->osr_flags |= OS_REASON_FLAG_GENERATE_CRASH_REPORT;
+                       exec_failure_reason->osr_flags |= OS_REASON_FLAG_CONSISTENT_FAILURE;
+               } else {
+                       exec_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_BAD_MACHO);
+               }
+
                goto badtoolate;
        }
 
@@ -927,90 +1008,128 @@ grade:
 
        vm_map_set_user_wire_limit(map, p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur);
 
-       /* 
+       /*
         * Set code-signing flags if this binary is signed, or if parent has
         * requested them on exec.
         */
        if (load_result.csflags & CS_VALID) {
-               imgp->ip_csflags |= load_result.csflags & 
-                       (CS_VALID|
-                        CS_HARD|CS_KILL|CS_RESTRICT|CS_ENFORCEMENT|CS_REQUIRE_LV|CS_DYLD_PLATFORM|
-                        CS_EXEC_SET_HARD|CS_EXEC_SET_KILL|CS_EXEC_SET_ENFORCEMENT);
+               imgp->ip_csflags |= load_result.csflags &
+                   (CS_VALID | CS_SIGNED | CS_DEV_CODE |
+                   CS_HARD | CS_KILL | CS_RESTRICT | CS_ENFORCEMENT | CS_REQUIRE_LV |
+                   CS_FORCED_LV | CS_ENTITLEMENTS_VALIDATED | CS_DYLD_PLATFORM | CS_RUNTIME |
+                   CS_ENTITLEMENT_FLAGS |
+                   CS_EXEC_SET_HARD | CS_EXEC_SET_KILL | CS_EXEC_SET_ENFORCEMENT);
        } else {
                imgp->ip_csflags &= ~CS_VALID;
        }
 
-       if (p->p_csflags & CS_EXEC_SET_HARD)
+       if (p->p_csflags & CS_EXEC_SET_HARD) {
                imgp->ip_csflags |= CS_HARD;
-       if (p->p_csflags & CS_EXEC_SET_KILL)
+       }
+       if (p->p_csflags & CS_EXEC_SET_KILL) {
                imgp->ip_csflags |= CS_KILL;
-       if (p->p_csflags & CS_EXEC_SET_ENFORCEMENT)
+       }
+       if (p->p_csflags & CS_EXEC_SET_ENFORCEMENT) {
                imgp->ip_csflags |= CS_ENFORCEMENT;
-       if (p->p_csflags & CS_EXEC_SET_INSTALLER)
-               imgp->ip_csflags |= CS_INSTALLER;
+       }
+       if (p->p_csflags & CS_EXEC_INHERIT_SIP) {
+               if (p->p_csflags & CS_INSTALLER) {
+                       imgp->ip_csflags |= CS_INSTALLER;
+               }
+               if (p->p_csflags & CS_DATAVAULT_CONTROLLER) {
+                       imgp->ip_csflags |= CS_DATAVAULT_CONTROLLER;
+               }
+               if (p->p_csflags & CS_NVRAM_UNRESTRICTED) {
+                       imgp->ip_csflags |= CS_NVRAM_UNRESTRICTED;
+               }
+       }
 
        /*
         * Set up the system reserved areas in the new address space.
         */
-       vm_map_exec(map, task, (void *)p->p_fd->fd_rdir, cpu_type());
+       int cpu_subtype;
+       cpu_subtype = 0; /* all cpu_subtypes use the same shared region */
+       vm_map_exec(map, task, load_result.is_64bit_addr, (void *)p->p_fd->fd_rdir, cpu_type(), cpu_subtype);
 
        /*
         * Close file descriptors which specify close-on-exec.
         */
-       fdexec(p, psa != NULL ? psa->psa_flags : 0);
+       fdexec(p, psa != NULL ? psa->psa_flags : 0, exec);
 
        /*
         * deal with set[ug]id.
         */
        error = exec_handle_sugid(imgp);
        if (error) {
-               if (spawn || !vfexec) {
-                       vm_map_deallocate(map);
-               }
+               vm_map_deallocate(map);
+
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                   p->p_pid, OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_SUGID_FAILURE, 0, 0);
+               exec_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_SUGID_FAILURE);
                goto badtoolate;
        }
 
        /*
         * Commit to new map.
         *
-        * Swap the new map for the old, which consumes our new map reference but
-        * each leaves us responsible for the old_map reference.  That lets us get
-        * off the pmap associated with it, and then we can release it.
+        * Swap the new map for the old for target task, which consumes
+        * our new map reference but each leaves us responsible for the
+        * old_map reference.  That lets us get off the pmap associated
+        * with it, and then we can release it.
+        *
+        * The map needs to be set on the target task which is different
+        * than current task, thus swap_task_map is used instead of
+        * vm_map_switch.
         */
-       if (!vfexec) {
-               old_map = swap_task_map(task, thread, map, !spawn);
-               vm_map_deallocate(old_map);
-       }
+       old_map = swap_task_map(task, thread, map);
+       vm_map_deallocate(old_map);
+       old_map = NULL;
 
-       lret = activate_thread_state(thread, &load_result);
+       lret = activate_exec_state(task, p, thread, &load_result);
        if (lret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                   p->p_pid, OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_ACTV_THREADSTATE, 0, 0);
+               exec_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_ACTV_THREADSTATE);
                goto badtoolate;
        }
 
        /*
         * deal with voucher on exec-calling thread.
         */
-       if (imgp->ip_new_thread == NULL)
+       if (imgp->ip_new_thread == NULL) {
                thread_set_mach_voucher(current_thread(), IPC_VOUCHER_NULL);
+       }
 
        /* Make sure we won't interrupt ourself signalling a partial process */
-       if (!vfexec && !spawn && (p->p_lflag & P_LTRACED))
+       if (!vfexec && !spawn && (p->p_lflag & P_LTRACED)) {
                psignal(p, SIGTRAP);
+       }
 
        if (load_result.unixproc &&
-               create_unix_stack(get_task_map(task),
-                                 &load_result,
-                                 p) != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+           create_unix_stack(get_task_map(task),
+           &load_result,
+           p) != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                error = load_return_to_errno(LOAD_NOSPACE);
+
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                   p->p_pid, OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_STACK_ALLOC, 0, 0);
+               exec_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_STACK_ALLOC);
                goto badtoolate;
        }
 
-       if (vfexec || spawn) {
-               old_map = vm_map_switch(get_task_map(task));
+       error = exec_add_apple_strings(imgp, &load_result);
+       if (error) {
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                   p->p_pid, OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_APPLE_STRING_INIT, 0, 0);
+               exec_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_APPLE_STRING_INIT);
+               goto badtoolate;
        }
 
+       /* Switch to target task's map to copy out strings */
+       old_map = vm_map_switch(get_task_map(task));
+
        if (load_result.unixproc) {
-               user_addr_t     ap;
+               user_addr_t     ap;
 
                /*
                 * Copy the strings area out into the new process address
@@ -1019,8 +1138,11 @@ grade:
                ap = p->user_stack;
                error = exec_copyout_strings(imgp, &ap);
                if (error) {
-                       if (vfexec || spawn)
-                               vm_map_switch(old_map);
+                       vm_map_switch(old_map);
+
+                       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                           p->p_pid, OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_COPYOUT_STRINGS, 0, 0);
+                       exec_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_COPYOUT_STRINGS);
                        goto badtoolate;
                }
                /* Set the stack */
@@ -1028,16 +1150,19 @@ grade:
        }
 
        if (load_result.dynlinker) {
-               uint64_t        ap;
-               int                     new_ptr_size = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT) ? 8 : 4;
+               uint64_t        ap;
+               int                     new_ptr_size = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT_ADDR) ? 8 : 4;
 
                /* Adjust the stack */
                ap = thread_adjuserstack(thread, -new_ptr_size);
                error = copyoutptr(load_result.mach_header, ap, new_ptr_size);
 
                if (error) {
-                       if (vfexec || spawn)
-                               vm_map_switch(old_map);
+                       vm_map_switch(old_map);
+
+                       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                           p->p_pid, OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_COPYOUT_DYNLINKER, 0, 0);
+                       exec_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_COPYOUT_DYNLINKER);
                        goto badtoolate;
                }
                task_set_dyld_info(task, load_result.all_image_info_addr,
@@ -1047,9 +1172,7 @@ grade:
        /* Avoid immediate VM faults back into kernel */
        exec_prefault_data(p, imgp, &load_result);
 
-       if (vfexec || spawn) {
-               vm_map_switch(old_map);
-       }
+       vm_map_switch(old_map);
 
        /* Stop profiling */
        stopprofclock(p);
@@ -1067,8 +1190,9 @@ grade:
 
 #if SYSV_SHM
        /* FIXME: Till vmspace inherit is fixed: */
-       if (!vfexec && p->vm_shm)
+       if (!vfexec && p->vm_shm) {
                shmexec(p);
+       }
 #endif
 #if SYSV_SEM
        /* Clean up the semaphores */
@@ -1080,89 +1204,97 @@ grade:
         */
        p->p_acflag &= ~AFORK;
 
+       set_proc_name(imgp, p);
+
+#if CONFIG_SECLUDED_MEMORY
+       if (secluded_for_apps &&
+           load_result.platform_binary) {
+               if (strncmp(p->p_name,
+                   "Camera",
+                   sizeof(p->p_name)) == 0) {
+                       task_set_could_use_secluded_mem(task, TRUE);
+               } else {
+                       task_set_could_use_secluded_mem(task, FALSE);
+               }
+               if (strncmp(p->p_name,
+                   "mediaserverd",
+                   sizeof(p->p_name)) == 0) {
+                       task_set_could_also_use_secluded_mem(task, TRUE);
+               }
+       }
+#endif /* CONFIG_SECLUDED_MEMORY */
+
+#if __arm64__
+       if (load_result.legacy_footprint) {
+#if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
+               printf("%s: %d[%s] legacy footprint (mach-o)\n",
+                   __FUNCTION__, p->p_pid, p->p_name);
+#endif /* DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG */
+               task_set_legacy_footprint(task, TRUE);
+       }
+#endif /* __arm64__ */
+
+       pal_dbg_set_task_name(task);
+
        /*
-        * Set p->p_comm and p->p_name to the name passed to exec
+        * The load result will have already been munged by AMFI to include the
+        * platform binary flag if boot-args dictated it (AMFI will mark anything
+        * that doesn't go through the upcall path as a platform binary if its
+        * enforcement is disabled).
         */
-       p_name_len = sizeof(p->p_name) - 1;
-       if(imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen > p_name_len)
-               imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen = p_name_len;
-       bcopy((caddr_t)imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, (caddr_t)p->p_name,
-               (unsigned)imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen);
-       p->p_name[imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen] = '\0';
+       if (load_result.platform_binary) {
+               if (cs_debug) {
+                       printf("setting platform binary on task: pid = %d\n", p->p_pid);
+               }
 
-       if (imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen > MAXCOMLEN)
-               imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen = MAXCOMLEN;
-       bcopy((caddr_t)imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, (caddr_t)p->p_comm,
-               (unsigned)imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen);
-       p->p_comm[imgp->ip_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen] = '\0';
+               /*
+                * We must use 'task' here because the proc's task has not yet been
+                * switched to the new one.
+                */
+               task_set_platform_binary(task, TRUE);
+       } else {
+               if (cs_debug) {
+                       printf("clearing platform binary on task: pid = %d\n", p->p_pid);
+               }
 
-       pal_dbg_set_task_name( p->task );
+               task_set_platform_binary(task, FALSE);
+       }
 
 #if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
-       /* 
+       /*
         * Update the pid an proc name for importance base if any
         */
-       task_importance_update_owner_info(p->task);
+       task_importance_update_owner_info(task);
 #endif
 
        memcpy(&p->p_uuid[0], &load_result.uuid[0], sizeof(p->p_uuid));
 
-// <rdar://6598155> dtrace code cleanup needed
 #if CONFIG_DTRACE
-       /*
-        * Invalidate any predicate evaluation already cached for this thread by DTrace.
-        * That's because we've just stored to p_comm and DTrace refers to that when it
-        * evaluates the "execname" special variable. uid and gid may have changed as well.
-        */
-       dtrace_set_thread_predcache(current_thread(), 0);
-
-       /*
-        * Free any outstanding lazy dof entries. It is imperative we
-        * always call dtrace_lazy_dofs_destroy, rather than null check
-        * and call if !NULL. If we NULL test, during lazy dof faulting
-        * we can race with the faulting code and proceed from here to
-        * beyond the helpers cleanup. The lazy dof faulting will then
-        * install new helpers which no longer belong to this process!
-        */
-       dtrace_lazy_dofs_destroy(p);
-
-
-       /*
-        * Clean up any DTrace helpers for the process.
-        */
-       if (p->p_dtrace_helpers != NULL && dtrace_helpers_cleanup) {
-               (*dtrace_helpers_cleanup)(p);
-       }
-       
-       /*
-        * Cleanup the DTrace provider associated with this process.
-        */
-       proc_lock(p);
-       if (p->p_dtrace_probes && dtrace_fasttrap_exec_ptr) {
-               (*dtrace_fasttrap_exec_ptr)(p);
-       }
-       proc_unlock(p);
+       dtrace_proc_exec(p);
 #endif
 
        if (kdebug_enable) {
-               long dbg_arg1, dbg_arg2, dbg_arg3, dbg_arg4;
+               long args[4] = {};
+
+               uintptr_t fsid = 0, fileid = 0;
+               if (imgp->ip_vattr) {
+                       uint64_t fsid64 = vnode_get_va_fsid(imgp->ip_vattr);
+                       fsid   = fsid64;
+                       fileid = imgp->ip_vattr->va_fileid;
+                       // check for (unexpected) overflow and trace zero in that case
+                       if (fsid != fsid64 || fileid != imgp->ip_vattr->va_fileid) {
+                               fsid = fileid = 0;
+                       }
+               }
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST1(TRACE_DATA_EXEC, p->p_pid, fsid, fileid, 0,
+                   (uintptr_t)thread_tid(thread));
 
                /*
                 * Collect the pathname for tracing
                 */
-               kdbg_trace_string(p, &dbg_arg1, &dbg_arg2, &dbg_arg3, &dbg_arg4);
-
-               if (vfexec || spawn) {
-                       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT1(TRACE_DATA_EXEC | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
-                                       p->p_pid ,0,0,0, (uintptr_t)thread_tid(thread));
-                       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT1(TRACE_STRING_EXEC | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
-                                       dbg_arg1, dbg_arg2, dbg_arg3, dbg_arg4, (uintptr_t)thread_tid(thread));
-               } else {
-                       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(TRACE_DATA_EXEC | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
-                                       p->p_pid ,0,0,0,0);
-                       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(TRACE_STRING_EXEC | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
-                                       dbg_arg1, dbg_arg2, dbg_arg3, dbg_arg4, 0);
-               }
+               kdbg_trace_string(p, &args[0], &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST1(TRACE_STRING_EXEC, args[0], args[1],
+                   args[2], args[3], (uintptr_t)thread_tid(thread));
        }
 
        /*
@@ -1175,7 +1307,7 @@ grade:
                        proc_lock(p);
                        p->p_stat = SSTOP;
                        proc_unlock(p);
-                       (void) task_suspend_internal(p->task);
+                       (void) task_suspend_internal(task);
                }
        }
 
@@ -1206,35 +1338,37 @@ badtoolate:
        /* Don't allow child process to execute any instructions */
        if (!spawn) {
                if (vfexec) {
-                       psignal_vfork(p, new_task, thread, SIGKILL);
+                       assert(exec_failure_reason != OS_REASON_NULL);
+                       psignal_vfork_with_reason(p, new_task, thread, SIGKILL, exec_failure_reason);
+                       exec_failure_reason = OS_REASON_NULL;
                } else {
-                       psignal(p, SIGKILL);
+                       assert(exec_failure_reason != OS_REASON_NULL);
+                       psignal_with_reason(p, SIGKILL, exec_failure_reason);
+                       exec_failure_reason = OS_REASON_NULL;
+
+                       if (exec) {
+                               /* Terminate the exec copy task */
+                               task_terminate_internal(task);
+                       }
                }
 
                /* We can't stop this system call at this point, so just pretend we succeeded */
                error = 0;
-       }
-       
-done:
-       if (!spawn) {
-               /* notify only if it has not failed due to FP Key error */
-               if ((p->p_lflag & P_LTERM_DECRYPTFAIL) == 0)
-                       proc_knote(p, NOTE_EXEC);
-       }
-
-       /* Drop extra references for cases where we don't expect the caller to clean up */
-       if (vfexec || (spawn && error == 0)) {
-               task_deallocate(new_task);
-               thread_deallocate(thread);
+       } else {
+               os_reason_free(exec_failure_reason);
+               exec_failure_reason = OS_REASON_NULL;
        }
 
+done:
        if (load_result.threadstate) {
                kfree(load_result.threadstate, load_result.threadstate_sz);
                load_result.threadstate = NULL;
        }
 
 bad:
-       return(error);
+       /* If we hit this, we likely would have leaked an exit reason */
+       assert(exec_failure_reason == OS_REASON_NULL);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -1251,9 +1385,9 @@ struct execsw {
        int (*ex_imgact)(struct image_params *);
        const char *ex_name;
 } execsw[] = {
-       { exec_mach_imgact,             "Mach-o Binary" },
-       { exec_fat_imgact,              "Fat Binary" },
-       { exec_shell_imgact,            "Interpreter Script" },
+       { exec_mach_imgact, "Mach-o Binary" },
+       { exec_fat_imgact, "Fat Binary" },
+       { exec_shell_imgact, "Interpreter Script" },
        { NULL, NULL}
 };
 
@@ -1263,7 +1397,8 @@ struct execsw {
  *
  * Description:        Iterate through the available image activators, and activate
  *             the image associated with the imgp structure.  We start with
- *             the
+ *             the activator for Mach-o binaries followed by that for Fat binaries
+ *             for Interpreter scripts.
  *
  * Parameters: struct image_params *   Image parameter block
  *
@@ -1291,15 +1426,16 @@ exec_activate_image(struct image_params *imgp)
        const char *excpath;
        int error;
        int resid;
-       int once = 1;   /* save SGUID-ness for interpreted files */
+       int once = 1;   /* save SGUID-ness for interpreted files */
        int i;
        int itercount = 0;
        proc_t p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
 
        error = execargs_alloc(imgp);
-       if (error)
+       if (error) {
                goto bad_notrans;
-       
+       }
+
        error = exec_save_path(imgp, imgp->ip_user_fname, imgp->ip_seg, &excpath);
        if (error) {
                goto bad_notrans;
@@ -1315,14 +1451,15 @@ exec_activate_image(struct image_params *imgp)
        }
 
        NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, OP_LOOKUP, FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF | AUDITVNPATH1,
-                  UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(excpath), imgp->ip_vfs_context);
+           UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(excpath), imgp->ip_vfs_context);
 
 again:
        error = namei(ndp);
-       if (error)
+       if (error) {
                goto bad_notrans;
-       imgp->ip_ndp = ndp;     /* successful namei(); call nameidone() later */
-       imgp->ip_vp = ndp->ni_vp;       /* if set, need to vnode_put() at some point */
+       }
+       imgp->ip_ndp = ndp;     /* successful namei(); call nameidone() later */
+       imgp->ip_vp = ndp->ni_vp;       /* if set, need to vnode_put() at some point */
 
        /*
         * Before we start the transition from binary A to binary B, make
@@ -1339,12 +1476,14 @@ again:
        }
        error = proc_transstart(p, 1, 0);
        proc_unlock(p);
-       if (error)
+       if (error) {
                goto bad_notrans;
+       }
 
        error = exec_check_permissions(imgp);
-       if (error)
+       if (error) {
                goto bad;
+       }
 
        /* Copy; avoid invocation of an interpreter overwriting the original */
        if (once) {
@@ -1353,11 +1492,12 @@ again:
        }
 
        error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, imgp->ip_vp, imgp->ip_vdata, PAGE_SIZE, 0,
-                       UIO_SYSSPACE, IO_NODELOCKED,
-                       vfs_context_ucred(imgp->ip_vfs_context),
-                       &resid, vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context));
-       if (error)
+           UIO_SYSSPACE, IO_NODELOCKED,
+           vfs_context_ucred(imgp->ip_vfs_context),
+           &resid, vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context));
+       if (error) {
                goto bad;
+       }
 
        if (resid) {
                memset(imgp->ip_vdata + (PAGE_SIZE - resid), 0x0, resid);
@@ -1370,50 +1510,52 @@ encapsulated_binary:
                goto bad;
        }
        error = -1;
-       for(i = 0; error == -1 && execsw[i].ex_imgact != NULL; i++) {
-
+       for (i = 0; error == -1 && execsw[i].ex_imgact != NULL; i++) {
                error = (*execsw[i].ex_imgact)(imgp);
 
                switch (error) {
                /* case -1: not claimed: continue */
-               case -2:                /* Encapsulated binary, imgp->ip_XXX set for next iteration */
+               case -2:                /* Encapsulated binary, imgp->ip_XXX set for next iteration */
                        goto encapsulated_binary;
 
-               case -3:                /* Interpreter */
+               case -3:                /* Interpreter */
 #if CONFIG_MACF
                        /*
                         * Copy the script label for later use. Note that
                         * the label can be different when the script is
                         * actually read by the interpreter.
                         */
-                       if (imgp->ip_scriptlabelp)
+                       if (imgp->ip_scriptlabelp) {
                                mac_vnode_label_free(imgp->ip_scriptlabelp);
+                       }
                        imgp->ip_scriptlabelp = mac_vnode_label_alloc();
                        if (imgp->ip_scriptlabelp == NULL) {
                                error = ENOMEM;
                                break;
                        }
                        mac_vnode_label_copy(imgp->ip_vp->v_label,
-                                            imgp->ip_scriptlabelp);
+                           imgp->ip_scriptlabelp);
 
                        /*
                         * Take a ref of the script vnode for later use.
                         */
-                       if (imgp->ip_scriptvp)
+                       if (imgp->ip_scriptvp) {
                                vnode_put(imgp->ip_scriptvp);
-                       if (vnode_getwithref(imgp->ip_vp) == 0)
+                       }
+                       if (vnode_getwithref(imgp->ip_vp) == 0) {
                                imgp->ip_scriptvp = imgp->ip_vp;
+                       }
 #endif
 
                        nameidone(ndp);
 
                        vnode_put(imgp->ip_vp);
-                       imgp->ip_vp = NULL;     /* already put */
+                       imgp->ip_vp = NULL;     /* already put */
                        imgp->ip_ndp = NULL; /* already nameidone */
 
                        /* Use excpath, which exec_shell_imgact reset to the interpreter */
                        NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, OP_LOOKUP, FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF,
-                                  UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(excpath), imgp->ip_vfs_context);
+                           UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(excpath), imgp->ip_vfs_context);
 
                        proc_transend(p, 0);
                        goto again;
@@ -1423,39 +1565,36 @@ encapsulated_binary:
                }
        }
 
-       /*
-        * Call out to allow 3rd party notification of exec. 
-        * Ignore result of kauth_authorize_fileop call.
-        */
-       if (error == 0 && kauth_authorize_fileop_has_listeners()) {
-               kauth_authorize_fileop(vfs_context_ucred(imgp->ip_vfs_context),
-                                       KAUTH_FILEOP_EXEC,
-                                       (uintptr_t)ndp->ni_vp, 0);
-       }
-
        if (error == 0) {
-               /*
-                * Reset atm context from task
-                */
-               task_atm_reset(p->task);
+               if (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_INTERPRET && ndp->ni_vp) {
+                       AUDIT_ARG(vnpath, ndp->ni_vp, ARG_VNODE2);
+               }
 
                /*
-                * Reset old bank context from task
+                * Call out to allow 3rd party notification of exec.
+                * Ignore result of kauth_authorize_fileop call.
                 */
-               task_bank_reset(p->task);
+               if (kauth_authorize_fileop_has_listeners()) {
+                       kauth_authorize_fileop(vfs_context_ucred(imgp->ip_vfs_context),
+                           KAUTH_FILEOP_EXEC,
+                           (uintptr_t)ndp->ni_vp, 0);
+               }
        }
 bad:
        proc_transend(p, 0);
 
 bad_notrans:
-       if (imgp->ip_strings)
+       if (imgp->ip_strings) {
                execargs_free(imgp);
-       if (imgp->ip_ndp)
+       }
+       if (imgp->ip_ndp) {
                nameidone(imgp->ip_ndp);
-       if (ndp)
+       }
+       if (ndp) {
                FREE(ndp, M_TEMP);
+       }
 
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -1471,7 +1610,7 @@ bad_notrans:
  */
 static errno_t
 exec_handle_spawnattr_policy(proc_t p, int psa_apptype, uint64_t psa_qos_clamp, uint64_t psa_darwin_role,
-                             ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports, int portwatch_count)
+    ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports, int portwatch_count)
 {
        int apptype     = TASK_APPTYPE_NONE;
        int qos_clamp   = THREAD_QOS_UNSPECIFIED;
@@ -1480,47 +1619,49 @@ exec_handle_spawnattr_policy(proc_t p, int psa_apptype, uint64_t psa_qos_clamp,
        if ((psa_apptype & POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_MASK) != 0) {
                int proctype = psa_apptype & POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_MASK;
 
-               switch(proctype) {
-                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_INTERACTIVE:
-                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_INTERACTIVE;
-                               break;
-                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_STANDARD:
-                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_STANDARD;
-                               break;
-                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_ADAPTIVE:
-                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_ADAPTIVE;
-                               break;
-                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_BACKGROUND:
-                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_BACKGROUND;
-                               break;
-                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_APP_DEFAULT:
-                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_APP_DEFAULT;
-                               break;
-                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_APP_TAL:
-                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_APP_TAL;
-                               break;
-                       default:
-                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_NONE;
-                               /* TODO: Should an invalid value here fail the spawn? */
-                               break;
+               switch (proctype) {
+               case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_INTERACTIVE:
+                       apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_INTERACTIVE;
+                       break;
+               case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_STANDARD:
+                       apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_STANDARD;
+                       break;
+               case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_ADAPTIVE:
+                       apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_ADAPTIVE;
+                       break;
+               case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_BACKGROUND:
+                       apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_BACKGROUND;
+                       break;
+               case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_APP_DEFAULT:
+                       apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_APP_DEFAULT;
+                       break;
+#if !CONFIG_EMBEDDED
+               case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_APP_TAL:
+                       apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_APP_TAL;
+                       break;
+#endif /* !CONFIG_EMBEDDED */
+               default:
+                       apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_NONE;
+                       /* TODO: Should an invalid value here fail the spawn? */
+                       break;
                }
        }
 
        if (psa_qos_clamp != POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_CLAMP_NONE) {
                switch (psa_qos_clamp) {
-                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_CLAMP_UTILITY:
-                               qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_UTILITY;
-                               break;
-                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_CLAMP_BACKGROUND:
-                               qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_BACKGROUND;
-                               break;
-                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_CLAMP_MAINTENANCE:
-                               qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_MAINTENANCE;
-                               break;
-                       default:
-                               qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_UNSPECIFIED;
-                               /* TODO: Should an invalid value here fail the spawn? */
-                               break;
+               case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_CLAMP_UTILITY:
+                       qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_UTILITY;
+                       break;
+               case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_CLAMP_BACKGROUND:
+                       qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_BACKGROUND;
+                       break;
+               case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_CLAMP_MAINTENANCE:
+                       qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_MAINTENANCE;
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_UNSPECIFIED;
+                       /* TODO: Should an invalid value here fail the spawn? */
+                       break;
                }
        }
 
@@ -1528,104 +1669,117 @@ exec_handle_spawnattr_policy(proc_t p, int psa_apptype, uint64_t psa_qos_clamp,
                proc_darwin_role_to_task_role(psa_darwin_role, &role);
        }
 
-       if (apptype   != TASK_APPTYPE_NONE      ||
+       if (apptype != TASK_APPTYPE_NONE ||
            qos_clamp != THREAD_QOS_UNSPECIFIED ||
-           role      != TASK_UNSPECIFIED) {
+           role != TASK_UNSPECIFIED) {
                proc_set_task_spawnpolicy(p->task, apptype, qos_clamp, role,
-                                         portwatch_ports, portwatch_count);
+                   portwatch_ports, portwatch_count);
        }
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
 /*
  * exec_handle_port_actions
  *
- * Description:        Go through the _posix_port_actions_t contents, 
- *             calling task_set_special_port, task_set_exception_ports
- *             and/or audit_session_spawnjoin for the current task.
+ * Description:        Go through the _posix_port_actions_t contents,
+ *              calling task_set_special_port, task_set_exception_ports
+ *              and/or audit_session_spawnjoin for the current task.
  *
  * Parameters: struct image_params *   Image parameter block
- *             short psa_flags         posix spawn attribute flags
  *
  * Returns:    0                       Success
- *             EINVAL                  Failure
- *             ENOTSUP                 Illegal posix_spawn attr flag was set
+ *              EINVAL                 Failure
+ *              ENOTSUP                        Illegal posix_spawn attr flag was set
  */
 static errno_t
-exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags, boolean_t * portwatch_present, ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports)
+exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, boolean_t * portwatch_present,
+    ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports)
 {
        _posix_spawn_port_actions_t pacts = imgp->ip_px_spa;
+#if CONFIG_AUDIT
        proc_t p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
+#endif
        _ps_port_action_t *act = NULL;
-       task_t task = p->task;
+       task_t task = get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread);
        ipc_port_t port = NULL;
        errno_t ret = 0;
        int i;
+       kern_return_t kr;
 
        *portwatch_present = FALSE;
 
        for (i = 0; i < pacts->pspa_count; i++) {
                act = &pacts->pspa_actions[i];
 
-               if (ipc_object_copyin(get_task_ipcspace(current_task()),
-                   act->new_port, MACH_MSG_TYPE_COPY_SEND,
-                   (ipc_object_t *) &port) != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                       ret = EINVAL;
-                       goto done;
+               if (MACH_PORT_VALID(act->new_port)) {
+                       kr = ipc_object_copyin(get_task_ipcspace(current_task()),
+                           act->new_port, MACH_MSG_TYPE_COPY_SEND,
+                           (ipc_object_t *) &port);
+
+                       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+                               ret = EINVAL;
+                               goto done;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       /* it's NULL or DEAD */
+                       port = CAST_MACH_NAME_TO_PORT(act->new_port);
                }
 
                switch (act->port_type) {
                case PSPA_SPECIAL:
-                       /* Only allowed when not under vfork */
-                       if (!(psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_SETEXEC))
-                               ret = ENOTSUP;
-                       else if (task_set_special_port(task,
-                       act->which, port) != KERN_SUCCESS)
+                       kr = task_set_special_port(task, act->which, port);
+
+                       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                                ret = EINVAL;
+                       }
                        break;
 
                case PSPA_EXCEPTION:
-                       /* Only allowed when not under vfork */
-                       if (!(psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_SETEXEC))
-                               ret = ENOTSUP;
-                       else if (task_set_exception_ports(task, 
-                       act->mask, port, act->behavior, 
-                       act->flavor) != KERN_SUCCESS)
+                       kr = task_set_exception_ports(task, act->mask, port,
+                           act->behavior, act->flavor);
+                       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                                ret = EINVAL;
+                       }
                        break;
 #if CONFIG_AUDIT
                case PSPA_AU_SESSION:
-                       ret = audit_session_spawnjoin(p, port);
+                       ret = audit_session_spawnjoin(p, task, port);
+                       if (ret) {
+                               /* audit_session_spawnjoin() has already dropped the reference in case of error. */
+                               goto done;
+                       }
+
                        break;
 #endif
                case PSPA_IMP_WATCHPORTS:
-                       if (portwatch_ports != NULL) {
+                       if (portwatch_ports != NULL && IPC_PORT_VALID(port)) {
                                *portwatch_present = TRUE;
                                /* hold on to this till end of spawn */
                                portwatch_ports[i] = port;
-                               ret = 0;
-                       } else
+                       } else {
                                ipc_port_release_send(port);
+                       }
+
                        break;
                default:
                        ret = EINVAL;
                        break;
                }
 
-               /* action failed, so release port resources */
-
-               if (ret) { 
+               if (ret) {
+                       /* action failed, so release port resources */
                        ipc_port_release_send(port);
                        break;
                }
        }
 
 done:
-       if (0 != ret)
+       if (0 != ret) {
                DTRACE_PROC1(spawn__port__failure, mach_port_name_t, act->new_port);
-       return (ret);
+       }
+       return ret;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1653,12 +1807,12 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
        int action;
        proc_t p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
        _posix_spawn_file_actions_t px_sfap = imgp->ip_px_sfa;
-       int ival[2];            /* dummy retval for system calls) */
+       int ival[2];            /* dummy retval for system calls) */
 
        for (action = 0; action < px_sfap->psfa_act_count; action++) {
-               _psfa_action_t *psfa = &px_sfap->psfa_act_acts[ action];
+               _psfa_action_t *psfa = &px_sfap->psfa_act_acts[action];
 
-               switch(psfa->psfaa_type) {
+               switch (psfa->psfaa_type) {
                case PSFA_OPEN: {
                        /*
                         * Open is different, in that it requires the use of
@@ -1687,19 +1841,19 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
 
                        VATTR_INIT(vap);
                        /* Mask off all but regular access permissions */
-                       mode = ((mode &p->p_fd->fd_cmask) & ALLPERMS) & ~S_ISTXT;
+                       mode = ((mode & ~p->p_fd->fd_cmask) & ALLPERMS) & ~S_ISTXT;
                        VATTR_SET(vap, va_mode, mode & ACCESSPERMS);
 
                        NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, OP_OPEN, FOLLOW | AUDITVNPATH1, UIO_SYSSPACE,
-                              CAST_USER_ADDR_T(psfa->psfaa_openargs.psfao_path),
-                              imgp->ip_vfs_context);
+                           CAST_USER_ADDR_T(psfa->psfaa_openargs.psfao_path),
+                           imgp->ip_vfs_context);
 
-                       error = open1(imgp->ip_vfs_context, 
-                                       ndp,
-                                       psfa->psfaa_openargs.psfao_oflag,
-                                       vap,
-                                       fileproc_alloc_init, NULL,
-                                       ival);
+                       error = open1(imgp->ip_vfs_context,
+                           ndp,
+                           psfa->psfaa_openargs.psfao_oflag,
+                           vap,
+                           fileproc_alloc_init, NULL,
+                           ival);
 
                        FREE(bufp, M_TEMP);
 
@@ -1709,8 +1863,9 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                         * reworking all the open code to preallocate fd
                         * slots, and internally taking one as an argument.
                         */
-                       if (error || ival[0] == psfa->psfaa_filedes)
+                       if (error || ival[0] == psfa->psfaa_filedes) {
                                break;
+                       }
 
                        origfd = ival[0];
                        /*
@@ -1728,8 +1883,9 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                         * fd we wanted, the error will stop us.
                         */
                        error = dup2(p, &dup2a, ival);
-                       if (error)
+                       if (error) {
                                break;
+                       }
 
                        /*
                         * Finally, close the original fd.
@@ -1737,8 +1893,8 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                        ca.fd = origfd;
 
                        error = close_nocancel(p, &ca, ival);
-                       }
-                       break;
+               }
+               break;
 
                case PSFA_DUP2: {
                        struct dup2_args dup2a;
@@ -1753,8 +1909,8 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                         * fd we wanted, the error will stop us.
                         */
                        error = dup2(p, &dup2a, ival);
-                       }
-                       break;
+               }
+               break;
 
                case PSFA_CLOSE: {
                        struct close_nocancel_args ca;
@@ -1762,8 +1918,8 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                        ca.fd = psfa->psfaa_filedes;
 
                        error = close_nocancel(p, &ca, ival);
-                       }
-                       break;
+               }
+               break;
 
                case PSFA_INHERIT: {
                        struct fcntl_nocancel_args fcntla;
@@ -1777,8 +1933,9 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                         */
                        fcntla.fd = psfa->psfaa_filedes;
                        fcntla.cmd = F_GETFD;
-                       if ((error = fcntl_nocancel(p, &fcntla, ival)) != 0)
+                       if ((error = fcntl_nocancel(p, &fcntla, ival)) != 0) {
                                break;
+                       }
 
                        if ((ival[0] & FD_CLOEXEC) == FD_CLOEXEC) {
                                fcntla.fd = psfa->psfaa_filedes;
@@ -1786,9 +1943,8 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                                fcntla.arg = ival[0] & ~FD_CLOEXEC;
                                error = fcntl_nocancel(p, &fcntla, ival);
                        }
-
-                       }
-                       break;
+               }
+               break;
 
                default:
                        error = EINVAL;
@@ -1800,7 +1956,7 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                if (error) {
                        if (PSFA_OPEN == psfa->psfaa_type) {
                                DTRACE_PROC1(spawn__open__failure, uintptr_t,
-                                   psfa->psfaa_openargs.psfao_path);
+                                   psfa->psfaa_openargs.psfao_path);
                        } else {
                                DTRACE_PROC1(spawn__fd__failure, int, psfa->psfaa_filedes);
                        }
@@ -1808,8 +1964,9 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                }
        }
 
-       if (error != 0 || (psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_CLOEXEC_DEFAULT) == 0)
-               return (error);
+       if (error != 0 || (psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_CLOEXEC_DEFAULT) == 0) {
+               return error;
+       }
 
        /*
         * If POSIX_SPAWN_CLOEXEC_DEFAULT is set, behave (during
@@ -1828,7 +1985,7 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                switch (psfa->psfaa_type) {
                case PSFA_DUP2:
                        fd = psfa->psfaa_openargs.psfao_oflag;
-                       /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+               /*FALLTHROUGH*/
                case PSFA_OPEN:
                case PSFA_INHERIT:
                        *fdflags(p, fd) |= UF_INHERIT;
@@ -1840,7 +1997,7 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
        }
        proc_fdunlock(p);
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 #if CONFIG_MACF
@@ -1853,20 +2010,23 @@ exec_spawnattr_getmacpolicyinfo(const void *macextensions, const char *policynam
        const struct _posix_spawn_mac_policy_extensions *psmx = macextensions;
        int i;
 
-       if (psmx == NULL)
+       if (psmx == NULL) {
                return NULL;
+       }
 
        for (i = 0; i < psmx->psmx_count; i++) {
                const _ps_mac_policy_extension_t *extension = &psmx->psmx_extensions[i];
                if (strncmp(extension->policyname, policyname, sizeof(extension->policyname)) == 0) {
-                       if (lenp != NULL)
+                       if (lenp != NULL) {
                                *lenp = extension->datalen;
+                       }
                        return extension->datap;
                }
        }
 
-       if (lenp != NULL)
+       if (lenp != NULL) {
                *lenp = 0;
+       }
        return NULL;
 }
 
@@ -1887,10 +2047,12 @@ spawn_copyin_macpolicyinfo(const struct user__posix_spawn_args_desc *px_args, _p
        }
 
        MALLOC(psmx, _posix_spawn_mac_policy_extensions_t, px_args->mac_extensions_size, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
-       if ((error = copyin(px_args->mac_extensions, psmx, px_args->mac_extensions_size)) != 0)
+       if ((error = copyin(px_args->mac_extensions, psmx, px_args->mac_extensions_size)) != 0) {
                goto bad;
+       }
 
-       if (PS_MAC_EXTENSIONS_SIZE(psmx->psmx_count) > px_args->mac_extensions_size) {
+       size_t extsize = PS_MAC_EXTENSIONS_SIZE(psmx->psmx_count);
+       if (extsize == 0 || extsize > px_args->mac_extensions_size) {
                error = EINVAL;
                goto bad;
        }
@@ -1920,8 +2082,9 @@ spawn_copyin_macpolicyinfo(const struct user__posix_spawn_args_desc *px_args, _p
 
 bad:
        if (psmx != NULL) {
-               for (i = 0; i < copycnt; i++)
+               for (i = 0; i < copycnt; i++) {
                        FREE(psmx->psmx_extensions[i].datap, M_TEMP);
+               }
                FREE(psmx, M_TEMP);
        }
        return error;
@@ -1932,16 +2095,19 @@ spawn_free_macpolicyinfo(_posix_spawn_mac_policy_extensions_t psmx)
 {
        int i;
 
-       if (psmx == NULL)
+       if (psmx == NULL) {
                return;
-       for (i = 0; i < psmx->psmx_count; i++)
+       }
+       for (i = 0; i < psmx->psmx_count; i++) {
                FREE(psmx->psmx_extensions[i].datap, M_TEMP);
+       }
        FREE(psmx, M_TEMP);
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
 
 #if CONFIG_COALITIONS
-static inline void spawn_coalitions_release_all(coalition_t coal[COALITION_NUM_TYPES])
+static inline void
+spawn_coalitions_release_all(coalition_t coal[COALITION_NUM_TYPES])
 {
        for (int c = 0; c < COALITION_NUM_TYPES; c++) {
                if (coal[c]) {
@@ -1953,7 +2119,8 @@ static inline void spawn_coalitions_release_all(coalition_t coal[COALITION_NUM_T
 #endif
 
 #if CONFIG_PERSONAS
-static int spawn_validate_persona(struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *px_persona)
+static int
+spawn_validate_persona(struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *px_persona)
 {
        int error = 0;
        struct persona *persona = NULL;
@@ -1963,8 +2130,9 @@ static int spawn_validate_persona(struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *px_persona)
         * TODO: rdar://problem/19981151
         * Add entitlement check!
         */
-       if (!kauth_cred_issuser(kauth_cred_get()))
+       if (!kauth_cred_issuser(kauth_cred_get())) {
                return EPERM;
+       }
 
        persona = persona_lookup(px_persona->pspi_id);
        if (!persona) {
@@ -1986,15 +2154,15 @@ static int spawn_validate_persona(struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *px_persona)
                        }
                }
                if (px_persona->pspi_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_PERSONA_GROUPS) {
-                       int ngroups = 0;
+                       unsigned ngroups = 0;
                        gid_t groups[NGROUPS_MAX];
 
                        if (persona_get_groups(persona, &ngroups, groups,
-                                              px_persona->pspi_ngroups) != 0) {
+                           px_persona->pspi_ngroups) != 0) {
                                error = EINVAL;
                                goto out;
                        }
-                       if (ngroups != (int)px_persona->pspi_ngroups) {
+                       if (ngroups != px_persona->pspi_ngroups) {
                                error = EINVAL;
                                goto out;
                        }
@@ -2012,29 +2180,33 @@ static int spawn_validate_persona(struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *px_persona)
        }
 
 out:
-       if (persona)
+       if (persona) {
                persona_put(persona);
+       }
 
        return error;
 }
 
-static int spawn_persona_adopt(proc_t p, struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *px_persona)
+static int
+spawn_persona_adopt(proc_t p, struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *px_persona)
 {
        int ret;
        kauth_cred_t cred;
        struct persona *persona = NULL;
        int override = !!(px_persona->pspi_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_PERSONA_FLAGS_OVERRIDE);
 
-       if (!override)
+       if (!override) {
                return persona_proc_adopt_id(p, px_persona->pspi_id, NULL);
+       }
 
        /*
         * we want to spawn into the given persona, but we want to override
         * the kauth with a different UID/GID combo
         */
        persona = persona_lookup(px_persona->pspi_id);
-       if (!persona)
+       if (!persona) {
                return ESRCH;
+       }
 
        cred = persona_get_cred(persona);
        if (!cred) {
@@ -2044,24 +2216,24 @@ static int spawn_persona_adopt(proc_t p, struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *px_pe
 
        if (px_persona->pspi_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_PERSONA_UID) {
                cred = kauth_cred_setresuid(cred,
-                                           px_persona->pspi_uid,
-                                           px_persona->pspi_uid,
-                                           px_persona->pspi_uid,
-                                           KAUTH_UID_NONE);
+                   px_persona->pspi_uid,
+                   px_persona->pspi_uid,
+                   px_persona->pspi_uid,
+                   KAUTH_UID_NONE);
        }
 
        if (px_persona->pspi_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_PERSONA_GID) {
                cred = kauth_cred_setresgid(cred,
-                                           px_persona->pspi_gid,
-                                           px_persona->pspi_gid,
-                                           px_persona->pspi_gid);
+                   px_persona->pspi_gid,
+                   px_persona->pspi_gid,
+                   px_persona->pspi_gid);
        }
 
        if (px_persona->pspi_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_PERSONA_GROUPS) {
                cred = kauth_cred_setgroups(cred,
-                                           px_persona->pspi_groups,
-                                           px_persona->pspi_ngroups,
-                                           px_persona->pspi_gmuid);
+                   px_persona->pspi_groups,
+                   px_persona->pspi_ngroups,
+                   px_persona->pspi_gmuid);
        }
 
        ret = persona_proc_adopt(p, persona, cred);
@@ -2072,49 +2244,21 @@ out:
 }
 #endif
 
-void
-proc_set_return_wait(proc_t p)
-{
-       proc_lock(p);
-       p->p_lflag |= P_LRETURNWAIT;
-       proc_unlock(p);
-}
-
-void
-proc_clear_return_wait(proc_t p, thread_t child_thread)
-{
-       proc_lock(p);
-
-       p->p_lflag &= ~P_LRETURNWAIT;
-       if (p->p_lflag & P_LRETURNWAITER) {
-               wakeup(&p->p_lflag);
-       }
-
-       proc_unlock(p);
-
-       (void)thread_resume(child_thread);
-}
-
-void
-proc_wait_to_return()
+#if __arm64__
+static inline void
+proc_legacy_footprint(proc_t p, task_t task, const char *caller)
 {
-       proc_t  p;
-
-       p = current_proc();
-       proc_lock(p);
+       boolean_t legacy_footprint_entitled;
 
-       if (p->p_lflag & P_LRETURNWAIT) {
-               p->p_lflag |= P_LRETURNWAITER;
-               do {
-                       msleep(&p->p_lflag, &p->p_mlock, 0,
-                               "thread_check_setup_complete", NULL);
-               } while (p->p_lflag & P_LRETURNWAIT);
-               p->p_lflag &= ~P_LRETURNWAITER;
+       legacy_footprint_entitled = IOTaskHasEntitlement(task,
+           "com.apple.private.memory.legacy_footprint");
+       if (legacy_footprint_entitled) {
+               printf("%s: %d[%s] legacy footprint (entitled)\n",
+                   caller, p->p_pid, p->p_name);
+               task_set_legacy_footprint(task, TRUE);
        }
-
-       proc_unlock(p);
-       thread_bootstrap_return();
 }
+#endif /* __arm64__ */
 
 /*
  * posix_spawn
@@ -2147,14 +2291,14 @@ proc_wait_to_return()
 int
 posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 {
-       proc_t p = ap;          /* quiet bogus GCC vfork() warning */
+       proc_t p = ap;          /* quiet bogus GCC vfork() warning */
        user_addr_t pid = uap->pid;
-       int ival[2];            /* dummy retval for setpgid() */
-       char *bufp = NULL; 
+       int ival[2];            /* dummy retval for setpgid() */
+       char *bufp = NULL;
        struct image_params *imgp;
        struct vnode_attr *vap;
        struct vnode_attr *origvap;
-       struct uthread  *uthread = 0;   /* compiler complains if not set to 0*/
+       struct uthread  *uthread = 0;   /* compiler complains if not set to 0*/
        int error, sig;
        int is_64 = IS_64BIT_PROCESS(p);
        struct vfs_context context;
@@ -2168,13 +2312,17 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        boolean_t exec_done = FALSE;
        int portwatch_count = 0;
        ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports = NULL;
-       vm_size_t px_sa_offset = offsetof(struct _posix_spawnattr, psa_ports); 
+       vm_size_t px_sa_offset = offsetof(struct _posix_spawnattr, psa_ports);
+       task_t old_task = current_task();
+       task_t new_task = NULL;
+       boolean_t should_release_proc_ref = FALSE;
+       void *inherit = NULL;
 #if CONFIG_PERSONAS
        struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *px_persona = NULL;
 #endif
 
        /*
-        * Allocate a big chunk for locals instead of using stack since these  
+        * Allocate a big chunk for locals instead of using stack since these
         * structures are pretty big.
         */
        MALLOC(bufp, char *, (sizeof(*imgp) + sizeof(*vap) + sizeof(*origvap)), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
@@ -2193,13 +2341,14 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        imgp->ip_vattr = vap;
        imgp->ip_origvattr = origvap;
        imgp->ip_vfs_context = &context;
-       imgp->ip_flags = (is_64 ? IMGPF_WAS_64BIT : IMGPF_NONE);
+       imgp->ip_flags = (is_64 ? IMGPF_WAS_64BIT_ADDR : IMGPF_NONE);
        imgp->ip_seg = (is_64 ? UIO_USERSPACE64 : UIO_USERSPACE32);
        imgp->ip_mac_return = 0;
        imgp->ip_px_persona = NULL;
+       imgp->ip_cs_error = OS_REASON_NULL;
 
        if (uap->adesc != USER_ADDR_NULL) {
-               if(is_64) {
+               if (is_64) {
                        error = copyin(uap->adesc, &px_args, sizeof(px_args));
                } else {
                        struct user32__posix_spawn_args_desc px_args32;
@@ -2223,28 +2372,31 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        px_args.persona_info_size = px_args32.persona_info_size;
                        px_args.persona_info = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(px_args32.persona_info);
                }
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto bad;
+               }
 
                if (px_args.attr_size != 0) {
-                       /* 
-                        * We are not copying the port_actions pointer, 
-                        * because we already have it from px_args. 
+                       /*
+                        * We are not copying the port_actions pointer,
+                        * because we already have it from px_args.
                         * This is a bit fragile: <rdar://problem/16427422>
                         */
 
-                       if ((error = copyin(px_args.attrp, &px_sa, px_sa_offset) != 0)) 
-                       goto bad;
-               
-                       bzero( (void *)( (unsigned long) &px_sa + px_sa_offset), sizeof(px_sa) - px_sa_offset );        
+                       if ((error = copyin(px_args.attrp, &px_sa, px_sa_offset)) != 0) {
+                               goto bad;
+                       }
+
+                       bzero((void *)((unsigned long) &px_sa + px_sa_offset), sizeof(px_sa) - px_sa_offset );
 
                        imgp->ip_px_sa = &px_sa;
                }
                if (px_args.file_actions_size != 0) {
                        /* Limit file_actions to allowed number of open files */
                        int maxfa = (p->p_limit ? p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur : NOFILE);
+                       size_t maxfa_size = PSF_ACTIONS_SIZE(maxfa);
                        if (px_args.file_actions_size < PSF_ACTIONS_SIZE(1) ||
-                               px_args.file_actions_size > PSF_ACTIONS_SIZE(maxfa)) {
+                           maxfa_size == 0 || px_args.file_actions_size > maxfa_size) {
                                error = EINVAL;
                                goto bad;
                        }
@@ -2255,12 +2407,14 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        }
                        imgp->ip_px_sfa = px_sfap;
 
-                       if ((error = copyin(px_args.file_actions, px_sfap, 
-                                                       px_args.file_actions_size)) != 0)
+                       if ((error = copyin(px_args.file_actions, px_sfap,
+                           px_args.file_actions_size)) != 0) {
                                goto bad;
+                       }
 
                        /* Verify that the action count matches the struct size */
-                       if (PSF_ACTIONS_SIZE(px_sfap->psfa_act_count) != px_args.file_actions_size) {
+                       size_t psfsize = PSF_ACTIONS_SIZE(px_sfap->psfa_act_count);
+                       if (psfsize == 0 || psfsize != px_args.file_actions_size) {
                                error = EINVAL;
                                goto bad;
                        }
@@ -2268,25 +2422,27 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                if (px_args.port_actions_size != 0) {
                        /* Limit port_actions to one page of data */
                        if (px_args.port_actions_size < PS_PORT_ACTIONS_SIZE(1) ||
-                               px_args.port_actions_size > PAGE_SIZE) {
+                           px_args.port_actions_size > PAGE_SIZE) {
                                error = EINVAL;
                                goto bad;
                        }
 
-                       MALLOC(px_spap, _posix_spawn_port_actions_t, 
-                                       px_args.port_actions_size, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+                       MALLOC(px_spap, _posix_spawn_port_actions_t,
+                           px_args.port_actions_size, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
                        if (px_spap == NULL) {
                                error = ENOMEM;
                                goto bad;
                        }
                        imgp->ip_px_spa = px_spap;
 
-                       if ((error = copyin(px_args.port_actions, px_spap, 
-                                                       px_args.port_actions_size)) != 0)
+                       if ((error = copyin(px_args.port_actions, px_spap,
+                           px_args.port_actions_size)) != 0) {
                                goto bad;
+                       }
 
                        /* Verify that the action count matches the struct size */
-                       if (PS_PORT_ACTIONS_SIZE(px_spap->pspa_count) != px_args.port_actions_size) {
+                       size_t pasize = PS_PORT_ACTIONS_SIZE(px_spap->pspa_count);
+                       if (pasize == 0 || pasize != px_args.port_actions_size) {
                                error = EINVAL;
                                goto bad;
                        }
@@ -2300,7 +2456,7 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                                goto bad;
                        }
 
-                       MALLOC(px_persona, struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *, px_args.persona_info_size, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
+                       MALLOC(px_persona, struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *, px_args.persona_info_size, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
                        if (px_persona == NULL) {
                                error = ENOMEM;
                                goto bad;
@@ -2308,16 +2464,19 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        imgp->ip_px_persona = px_persona;
 
                        if ((error = copyin(px_args.persona_info, px_persona,
-                                           px_args.persona_info_size)) != 0)
+                           px_args.persona_info_size)) != 0) {
                                goto bad;
-                       if ((error = spawn_validate_persona(px_persona)) != 0)
+                       }
+                       if ((error = spawn_validate_persona(px_persona)) != 0) {
                                goto bad;
+                       }
                }
 #endif
 #if CONFIG_MACF
                if (px_args.mac_extensions_size != 0) {
-                       if ((error = spawn_copyin_macpolicyinfo(&px_args, (_posix_spawn_mac_policy_extensions_t *)&imgp->ip_px_smpx)) != 0)
+                       if ((error = spawn_copyin_macpolicyinfo(&px_args, (_posix_spawn_mac_policy_extensions_t *)&imgp->ip_px_smpx)) != 0) {
                                goto bad;
+                       }
                }
 #endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
        }
@@ -2331,8 +2490,8 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
         * which depends on it.
         */
        if (uthread->uu_flag & UT_VFORK) {
-           error = EINVAL;
-           goto bad;
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto bad;
        }
 
        /*
@@ -2342,8 +2501,7 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
         * which is one of the most expensive things about using fork()
         * and execve().
         */
-       if (imgp->ip_px_sa == NULL || !(px_sa.psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_SETEXEC)){
-
+       if (imgp->ip_px_sa == NULL || !(px_sa.psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_SETEXEC)) {
                /* Set the new task's coalition, if it is requested.  */
                coalition_t coal[COALITION_NUM_TYPES] = { COALITION_NULL };
 #if CONFIG_COALITIONS
@@ -2352,17 +2510,20 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                struct _posix_spawn_coalition_info coal_info;
                int coal_role[COALITION_NUM_TYPES];
 
-               if (imgp->ip_px_sa == NULL || !px_args.coal_info)
+               if (imgp->ip_px_sa == NULL || !px_args.coal_info) {
                        goto do_fork1;
+               }
 
                memset(&coal_info, 0, sizeof(coal_info));
 
-               if (px_args.coal_info_size > sizeof(coal_info))
+               if (px_args.coal_info_size > sizeof(coal_info)) {
                        px_args.coal_info_size = sizeof(coal_info);
+               }
                error = copyin(px_args.coal_info,
-                              &coal_info, px_args.coal_info_size);
-               if (error != 0)
+                   &coal_info, px_args.coal_info_size);
+               if (error != 0) {
                        goto bad;
+               }
 
                ncoals = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < COALITION_NUM_TYPES; i++) {
@@ -2375,8 +2536,8 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                                 */
                                if (!task_is_in_privileged_coalition(p->task, i)) {
                                        coal_dbg("ERROR: %d not in privilegd "
-                                                "coalition of type %d",
-                                                p->p_pid, i);
+                                           "coalition of type %d",
+                                           p->p_pid, i);
                                        spawn_coalitions_release_all(coal);
                                        error = EPERM;
                                        goto bad;
@@ -2391,7 +2552,7 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                                coal[i] = coalition_find_and_activate_by_id(cid);
                                if (coal[i] == COALITION_NULL) {
                                        coal_dbg("could not find coalition id:%llu "
-                                                "(perhaps it has been terminated or reaped)", cid);
+                                           "(perhaps it has been terminated or reaped)", cid);
                                        /*
                                         * release any other coalition's we
                                         * may have a reference to
@@ -2402,7 +2563,7 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                                }
                                if (coalition_type(coal[i]) != i) {
                                        coal_dbg("coalition with id:%lld is not of type:%d"
-                                                " (it's type:%d)", cid, i, coalition_type(coal[i]));
+                                           " (it's type:%d)", cid, i, coalition_type(coal[i]));
                                        error = ESRCH;
                                        goto bad;
                                }
@@ -2434,13 +2595,34 @@ do_fork1:
                 * caller's persona (if it exists)
                 */
                error = fork1(p, &imgp->ip_new_thread, PROC_CREATE_SPAWN, coal);
+               /* returns a thread and task reference */
 
+               if (error == 0) {
+                       new_task = get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread);
+               }
 #if CONFIG_COALITIONS
                /* set the roles of this task within each given coalition */
                if (error == 0) {
-                       kr = coalitions_set_roles(coal, get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread), coal_role);
-                       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS)
+                       kr = coalitions_set_roles(coal, new_task, coal_role);
+                       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                                error = EINVAL;
+                       }
+                       if (kdebug_debugid_enabled(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_COALITION,
+                           MACH_COALITION_ADOPT))) {
+                               for (i = 0; i < COALITION_NUM_TYPES; i++) {
+                                       if (coal[i] != COALITION_NULL) {
+                                               /*
+                                                * On 32-bit targets, uniqueid
+                                                * will get truncated to 32 bits
+                                                */
+                                               KDBG_RELEASE(MACHDBG_CODE(
+                                                           DBG_MACH_COALITION,
+                                                           MACH_COALITION_ADOPT),
+                                                   coalition_id(coal[i]),
+                                                   get_task_uniqueid(new_task));
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
                }
 
                /* drop our references and activations - fork1() now holds them */
@@ -2449,8 +2631,8 @@ do_fork1:
                if (error != 0) {
                        goto bad;
                }
-               imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_SPAWN;  /* spawn w/o exec */
-               spawn_no_exec = TRUE;           /* used in later tests */
+               imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_SPAWN;  /* spawn w/o exec */
+               spawn_no_exec = TRUE;           /* used in later tests */
 
 #if CONFIG_PERSONAS
                /*
@@ -2466,7 +2648,7 @@ do_fork1:
 #if 0
                if (!proc_has_persona(p) && imgp->ip_px_persona == NULL) {
                        MALLOC(px_persona, struct _posix_spawn_persona_info *,
-                              sizeof(*px_persona), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
+                           sizeof(*px_persona), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
                        if (px_persona == NULL) {
                                error = ENOMEM;
                                goto bad;
@@ -2476,11 +2658,52 @@ do_fork1:
                }
 #endif /* 0 */
 #endif /* CONFIG_PERSONAS */
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * For execve case, create a new task and thread
+                * which points to current_proc. The current_proc will point
+                * to the new task after image activation and proc ref drain.
+                *
+                * proc (current_proc) <-----  old_task (current_task)
+                *  ^ |                                ^
+                *  | |                                |
+                *  | ----------------------------------
+                *  |
+                *  --------- new_task (task marked as TF_EXEC_COPY)
+                *
+                * After image activation, the proc will point to the new task
+                * and would look like following.
+                *
+                * proc (current_proc)  <-----  old_task (current_task, marked as TPF_DID_EXEC)
+                *  ^ |
+                *  | |
+                *  | ----------> new_task
+                *  |               |
+                *  -----------------
+                *
+                * During exec any transition from new_task -> proc is fine, but don't allow
+                * transition from proc->task, since it will modify old_task.
+                */
+               imgp->ip_new_thread = fork_create_child(old_task,
+                   NULL,
+                   p,
+                   FALSE,
+                   p->p_flag & P_LP64,
+                   task_get_64bit_data(old_task),
+                   TRUE);
+               /* task and thread ref returned by fork_create_child */
+               if (imgp->ip_new_thread == NULL) {
+                       error = ENOMEM;
+                       goto bad;
+               }
+
+               new_task = get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread);
+               imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_EXEC;
        }
 
        if (spawn_no_exec) {
                p = (proc_t)get_bsdthreadtask_info(imgp->ip_new_thread);
-               
+
                /*
                 * We had to wait until this point before firing the
                 * proc:::create probe, otherwise p would not point to the
@@ -2490,16 +2713,8 @@ do_fork1:
        }
        assert(p != NULL);
 
-       /* By default, the thread everyone plays with is the parent */
-       context.vc_thread = current_thread();
-       context.vc_ucred = p->p_ucred;  /* XXX must NOT be kauth_cred_get() */
-
-       /*
-        * However, if we're not in the setexec case, redirect the context
-        * to the newly created process instead
-        */
-       if (spawn_no_exec)
-               context.vc_thread = imgp->ip_new_thread;
+       context.vc_thread = imgp->ip_new_thread;
+       context.vc_ucred = p->p_ucred;  /* XXX must NOT be kauth_cred_get() */
 
        /*
         * Post fdcopy(), pre exec_handle_sugid() - this is where we want
@@ -2515,8 +2730,9 @@ do_fork1:
                 * is handled in exec_handle_file_actions().
                 */
                if ((error = exec_handle_file_actions(imgp,
-                   imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL ? px_sa.psa_flags : 0)) != 0)
+                   imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL ? px_sa.psa_flags : 0)) != 0) {
                        goto bad;
+               }
        }
 
        /* Has spawn port actions? */
@@ -2525,8 +2741,9 @@ do_fork1:
                boolean_t portwatch_present = FALSE;
 
                /* Will this process become adaptive? The apptype isn't ready yet, so we can't look there. */
-               if (imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL && px_sa.psa_apptype == POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_ADAPTIVE)
+               if (imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL && px_sa.psa_apptype == POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_ADAPTIVE) {
                        is_adaptive = TRUE;
+               }
 
                /*
                 * portwatch only:
@@ -2540,9 +2757,9 @@ do_fork1:
                        portwatch_ports = NULL;
                }
 
-               if ((error = exec_handle_port_actions(imgp,
-                   imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL ? px_sa.psa_flags : 0, &portwatch_present, portwatch_ports)) != 0) 
+               if ((error = exec_handle_port_actions(imgp, &portwatch_present, portwatch_ports)) != 0) {
                        goto bad;
+               }
 
                if (portwatch_present == FALSE && portwatch_ports != NULL) {
                        FREE(portwatch_ports, M_TEMP);
@@ -2565,8 +2782,9 @@ do_fork1:
                         * Effectively, call setpgid() system call; works
                         * because there are no pointer arguments.
                         */
-                       if((error = setpgid(p, &spga, ival)) != 0)
+                       if ((error = setpgid(p, &spga, ival)) != 0) {
                                goto bad;
+                       }
                }
 
                /*
@@ -2578,18 +2796,35 @@ do_fork1:
                 * image will take precedence over the spawn attributes
                 * (re)setting them.
                 *
-                * The use of p_ucred is safe, since we are acting on the
-                * new process, and it has no threads other than the one
-                * we are creating for it.
+                * Modifications to p_ucred must be guarded using the
+                * proc's ucred lock. This prevents others from accessing
+                * a garbage credential.
                 */
-               if (px_sa.psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_RESETIDS) {
-                       kauth_cred_t my_cred = p->p_ucred;
+               while (px_sa.psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_RESETIDS) {
+                       kauth_cred_t my_cred = kauth_cred_proc_ref(p);
                        kauth_cred_t my_new_cred = kauth_cred_setuidgid(my_cred, kauth_cred_getruid(my_cred), kauth_cred_getrgid(my_cred));
-                       if (my_new_cred != my_cred) {
-                               p->p_ucred = my_new_cred;
-                               /* update cred on proc */
-                               PROC_UPDATE_CREDS_ONPROC(p);
+
+                       if (my_cred == my_new_cred) {
+                               kauth_cred_unref(&my_cred);
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       /* update cred on proc */
+                       proc_ucred_lock(p);
+
+                       if (p->p_ucred != my_cred) {
+                               proc_ucred_unlock(p);
+                               kauth_cred_unref(&my_new_cred);
+                               continue;
                        }
+
+                       /* donate cred reference on my_new_cred to p->p_ucred */
+                       p->p_ucred = my_new_cred;
+                       PROC_UPDATE_CREDS_ONPROC(p);
+                       proc_ucred_unlock(p);
+
+                       /* drop additional reference that was taken on the previous cred */
+                       kauth_cred_unref(&my_cred);
                }
 
 #if CONFIG_PERSONAS
@@ -2603,8 +2838,9 @@ do_fork1:
                         * being executed.
                         */
                        error = spawn_persona_adopt(p, imgp->ip_px_persona);
-                       if (error != 0)
+                       if (error != 0) {
                                goto bad;
+                       }
                }
 #endif /* CONFIG_PERSONAS */
 #if !SECURE_KERNEL
@@ -2618,16 +2854,23 @@ do_fork1:
                 * useful or necessary to disable ASLR on a per-process
                 * basis for unit testing and debugging.
                 */
-               if (px_sa.psa_flags & _POSIX_SPAWN_DISABLE_ASLR)
+               if (px_sa.psa_flags & _POSIX_SPAWN_DISABLE_ASLR) {
                        OSBitOrAtomic(P_DISABLE_ASLR, &p->p_flag);
+               }
 #endif /* !SECURE_KERNEL */
 
+               /* Randomize high bits of ASLR slide */
+               if (px_sa.psa_flags & _POSIX_SPAWN_HIGH_BITS_ASLR) {
+                       imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_HIGH_BITS_ASLR;
+               }
+
                /*
                 * Forcibly disallow execution from data pages for the spawned process
                 * even if it would otherwise be permitted by the architecture default.
                 */
-               if (px_sa.psa_flags & _POSIX_SPAWN_ALLOW_DATA_EXEC)
+               if (px_sa.psa_flags & _POSIX_SPAWN_ALLOW_DATA_EXEC) {
                        imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_ALLOW_DATA_EXEC;
+               }
        }
 
        /*
@@ -2635,10 +2878,11 @@ do_fork1:
         * _POSIX_SPAWN_DISABLE_ASLR attribute was found above or if
         * P_DISABLE_ASLR was inherited from the parent process.
         */
-       if (p->p_flag & P_DISABLE_ASLR)
+       if (p->p_flag & P_DISABLE_ASLR) {
                imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_DISABLE_ASLR;
+       }
 
-       /* 
+       /*
         * Clear transition flag so we won't hang if exec_activate_image() causes
         * an automount (and launchd does a proc sysctl to service it).
         *
@@ -2649,11 +2893,12 @@ do_fork1:
                proc_transit_set = 0;
        }
 
-#if MAC_SPAWN  /* XXX */
+#if MAC_SPAWN   /* XXX */
        if (uap->mac_p != USER_ADDR_NULL) {
                error = mac_execve_enter(uap->mac_p, imgp);
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto bad;
+               }
        }
 #endif
 
@@ -2661,7 +2906,22 @@ do_fork1:
         * Activate the image
         */
        error = exec_activate_image(imgp);
-       
+
+       if (error == 0 && !spawn_no_exec) {
+               p = proc_exec_switch_task(p, old_task, new_task, imgp->ip_new_thread);
+               /* proc ref returned */
+               should_release_proc_ref = TRUE;
+
+               /*
+                * Need to transfer pending watch port boosts to the new task while still making
+                * sure that the old task remains in the importance linkage. Create an importance
+                * linkage from old task to new task, then switch the task importance base
+                * of old task and new task. After the switch the port watch boost will be
+                * boosting the new task and new task will be donating importance to old task.
+                */
+               inherit = ipc_importance_exec_switch_task(old_task, new_task);
+       }
+
        if (error == 0) {
                /* process completed the exec */
                exec_done = TRUE;
@@ -2680,26 +2940,17 @@ do_fork1:
         * until after the image is activated.
         */
        if (!error && imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL) {
-               thread_t child_thread = current_thread();
-               uthread_t child_uthread = uthread;
-
-               /*
-                * If we created a new child thread, then the thread and
-                * uthread are different than the current ones; otherwise,
-                * we leave them, since we are in the exec case instead.
-                */
-               if (spawn_no_exec) {
-                       child_thread = imgp->ip_new_thread;
-                       child_uthread = get_bsdthread_info(child_thread);
-               }
+               thread_t child_thread = imgp->ip_new_thread;
+               uthread_t child_uthread = get_bsdthread_info(child_thread);
 
                /*
                 * Mask a list of signals, instead of them being unmasked, if
                 * they were unmasked in the parent; note that some signals
                 * are not maskable.
                 */
-               if (px_sa.psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_SETSIGMASK)
+               if (px_sa.psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_SETSIGMASK) {
                        child_uthread->uu_sigmask = (px_sa.psa_sigmask & ~sigcantmask);
+               }
                /*
                 * Default a list of signals instead of ignoring them, if
                 * they were ignored in the parent.  Note that we pass
@@ -2712,9 +2963,10 @@ do_fork1:
                        vec.sa_tramp = 0;
                        vec.sa_mask = 0;
                        vec.sa_flags = 0;
-                       for (sig = 0; sig < NSIG; sig++)
-                               if (px_sa.psa_sigdefault & (1 << sig)) {
-                                       error = setsigvec(p, child_thread, sig + 1, &vec, spawn_no_exec);
+                       for (sig = 1; sig < NSIG; sig++) {
+                               if (px_sa.psa_sigdefault & (1 << (sig - 1))) {
+                                       error = setsigvec(p, child_thread, sig, &vec, spawn_no_exec);
+                               }
                        }
                }
 
@@ -2732,10 +2984,10 @@ do_fork1:
                         * whomever is turning it on could just as easily choose not to do so.
                         */
                        error = proc_set_task_ruse_cpu(p->task,
-                                       TASK_POLICY_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_NOTIFY_EXC,
-                                       px_sa.psa_cpumonitor_percent,
-                                       px_sa.psa_cpumonitor_interval * NSEC_PER_SEC,
-                                       0, TRUE);
+                           TASK_POLICY_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_NOTIFY_EXC,
+                           px_sa.psa_cpumonitor_percent,
+                           px_sa.psa_cpumonitor_interval * NSEC_PER_SEC,
+                           0, TRUE);
                }
        }
 
@@ -2743,61 +2995,63 @@ bad:
 
        if (error == 0) {
                /* reset delay idle sleep status if set */
-               if ((p->p_flag & P_DELAYIDLESLEEP) == P_DELAYIDLESLEEP)
+#if !CONFIG_EMBEDDED
+               if ((p->p_flag & P_DELAYIDLESLEEP) == P_DELAYIDLESLEEP) {
                        OSBitAndAtomic(~((uint32_t)P_DELAYIDLESLEEP), &p->p_flag);
+               }
+#endif /* !CONFIG_EMBEDDED */
                /* upon  successful spawn, re/set the proc control state */
                if (imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL) {
                        switch (px_sa.psa_pcontrol) {
-                               case POSIX_SPAWN_PCONTROL_THROTTLE:
-                                       p->p_pcaction = P_PCTHROTTLE;
-                                       break;
-                               case POSIX_SPAWN_PCONTROL_SUSPEND:
-                                       p->p_pcaction = P_PCSUSP;
-                                       break;
-                               case POSIX_SPAWN_PCONTROL_KILL:
-                                       p->p_pcaction = P_PCKILL;
-                                       break;
-                               case POSIX_SPAWN_PCONTROL_NONE:
-                               default:
-                                       p->p_pcaction = 0;
-                                       break;
-                       };
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PCONTROL_THROTTLE:
+                               p->p_pcaction = P_PCTHROTTLE;
+                               break;
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PCONTROL_SUSPEND:
+                               p->p_pcaction = P_PCSUSP;
+                               break;
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PCONTROL_KILL:
+                               p->p_pcaction = P_PCKILL;
+                               break;
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PCONTROL_NONE:
+                       default:
+                               p->p_pcaction = 0;
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       ;
                }
                exec_resettextvp(p, imgp);
-               
-#if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS && CONFIG_JETSAM
+
+#if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS
                /* Has jetsam attributes? */
                if (imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL && (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_SET)) {
                        /*
                         * With 2-level high-water-mark support, POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_HIWATER_BACKGROUND is no
                         * longer relevant, as background limits are described via the inactive limit slots.
-                        * At the kernel layer, the flag is ignored.
                         *
                         * That said, however, if the POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_HIWATER_BACKGROUND is passed in,
                         * we attempt to mimic previous behavior by forcing the BG limit data into the
                         * inactive/non-fatal mode and force the active slots to hold system_wide/fatal mode.
-                        * The kernel layer will flag this mapping.
                         */
                        if (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_HIWATER_BACKGROUND) {
                                memorystatus_update(p, px_sa.psa_priority, 0,
-                                           (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_USE_EFFECTIVE_PRIORITY),
-                                           TRUE,
-                                           -1, TRUE,
-                                           px_sa.psa_memlimit_inactive, FALSE,
-                                           (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_HIWATER_BACKGROUND));
+                                   (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_USE_EFFECTIVE_PRIORITY),
+                                   TRUE,
+                                   -1, TRUE,
+                                   px_sa.psa_memlimit_inactive, FALSE);
                        } else {
                                memorystatus_update(p, px_sa.psa_priority, 0,
-                                           (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_USE_EFFECTIVE_PRIORITY),
-                                           TRUE,
-                                           px_sa.psa_memlimit_active,
-                                           (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_MEMLIMIT_ACTIVE_FATAL),
-                                           px_sa.psa_memlimit_inactive,
-                                           (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_MEMLIMIT_INACTIVE_FATAL),
-                                           (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_HIWATER_BACKGROUND));
+                                   (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_USE_EFFECTIVE_PRIORITY),
+                                   TRUE,
+                                   px_sa.psa_memlimit_active,
+                                   (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_MEMLIMIT_ACTIVE_FATAL),
+                                   px_sa.psa_memlimit_inactive,
+                                   (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_MEMLIMIT_INACTIVE_FATAL));
                        }
-
                }
-#endif /* CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS && CONFIG_JETSAM*/
+#endif /* CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS */
+               if (imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL && px_sa.psa_thread_limit > 0) {
+                       task_set_thread_limit(new_task, (uint16_t)px_sa.psa_thread_limit);
+               }
        }
 
        /*
@@ -2809,8 +3063,9 @@ bad:
         * before check_for_signature(), which uses psignal.
         */
        if (spawn_no_exec) {
-               if (proc_transit_set)
+               if (proc_transit_set) {
                        proc_transend(p, 0);
+               }
 
                /*
                 * Drop the signal lock on the child which was taken on our
@@ -2821,15 +3076,14 @@ bad:
 
                /* flag the 'fork' has occurred */
                proc_knote(p->p_pptr, NOTE_FORK | p->p_pid);
-               /* then flag exec has occurred */
-               /* notify only if it has not failed due to FP Key error */
-               if ((p->p_lflag & P_LTERM_DECRYPTFAIL) == 0)
-                       proc_knote(p, NOTE_EXEC);
-       } else if (error == 0) {
-               /* reset the importance attribute from our previous life */
-               task_importance_reset(p->task);
        }
 
+       /* flag exec has occurred, notify only if it has not failed due to FP Key error */
+       if (!error && ((p->p_lflag & P_LTERM_DECRYPTFAIL) == 0)) {
+               proc_knote(p, NOTE_EXEC);
+       }
+
+
        if (error == 0) {
                /*
                 * We need to initialize the bank context behind the protection of
@@ -2840,11 +3094,19 @@ bad:
                error = proc_transstart(p, 0, 0);
 
                if (error == 0) {
-                       task_bank_init(p->task);
+                       task_bank_init(new_task);
                        proc_transend(p, 0);
                }
+
+#if __arm64__
+               proc_legacy_footprint(p, new_task, __FUNCTION__);
+#endif /* __arm64__ */
        }
 
+       /* Inherit task role from old task to new task for exec */
+       if (error == 0 && !spawn_no_exec) {
+               proc_inherit_task_role(new_task, old_task);
+       }
 
        /*
         * Apply the spawnattr policy, apptype (which primes the task for importance donation),
@@ -2859,14 +3121,34 @@ bad:
                struct _posix_spawnattr *psa = (struct _posix_spawnattr *) imgp->ip_px_sa;
 
                exec_handle_spawnattr_policy(p, psa->psa_apptype, psa->psa_qos_clamp, psa->psa_darwin_role,
-                                             portwatch_ports, portwatch_count);
+                   portwatch_ports, portwatch_count);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Apply the requested maximum address.
+        */
+       if (error == 0 && imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL) {
+               struct _posix_spawnattr *psa = (struct _posix_spawnattr *) imgp->ip_px_sa;
+
+               if (psa->psa_max_addr) {
+                       vm_map_set_max_addr(get_task_map(new_task), psa->psa_max_addr);
+               }
        }
 
-       /* Apply the main thread qos */
        if (error == 0) {
-               thread_t main_thread = (imgp->ip_new_thread != NULL) ? imgp->ip_new_thread : current_thread();
+               /* Apply the main thread qos */
+               thread_t main_thread = imgp->ip_new_thread;
+               task_set_main_thread_qos(new_task, main_thread);
 
-               task_set_main_thread_qos(p->task, main_thread);
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+               /*
+                * Processes with the MAP_JIT entitlement are permitted to have
+                * a jumbo-size map.
+                */
+               if (mac_proc_check_map_anon(p, 0, 0, 0, MAP_JIT, NULL) == 0) {
+                       vm_map_set_jumbo(get_task_map(new_task));
+               }
+#endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
        }
 
        /*
@@ -2901,31 +3183,49 @@ bad:
                if (imgp != NULL && spawn_no_exec && (p->p_lflag & P_LTRACED)) {
                        psignal_vfork(p, p->task, imgp->ip_new_thread, SIGTRAP);
                }
+
+               if (error == 0 && !spawn_no_exec) {
+                       KDBG(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXEC),
+                           p->p_pid);
+               }
        }
 
 
        if (imgp != NULL) {
-               if (imgp->ip_vp)
+               if (imgp->ip_vp) {
                        vnode_put(imgp->ip_vp);
-               if (imgp->ip_scriptvp)
+               }
+               if (imgp->ip_scriptvp) {
                        vnode_put(imgp->ip_scriptvp);
-               if (imgp->ip_strings)
+               }
+               if (imgp->ip_strings) {
                        execargs_free(imgp);
-               if (imgp->ip_px_sfa != NULL)
+               }
+               if (imgp->ip_px_sfa != NULL) {
                        FREE(imgp->ip_px_sfa, M_TEMP);
-               if (imgp->ip_px_spa != NULL)
+               }
+               if (imgp->ip_px_spa != NULL) {
                        FREE(imgp->ip_px_spa, M_TEMP);
+               }
 #if CONFIG_PERSONAS
-               if (imgp->ip_px_persona != NULL)
+               if (imgp->ip_px_persona != NULL) {
                        FREE(imgp->ip_px_persona, M_TEMP);
+               }
 #endif
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-               if (imgp->ip_px_smpx != NULL)
+               if (imgp->ip_px_smpx != NULL) {
                        spawn_free_macpolicyinfo(imgp->ip_px_smpx);
-               if (imgp->ip_execlabelp)
+               }
+               if (imgp->ip_execlabelp) {
                        mac_cred_label_free(imgp->ip_execlabelp);
-               if (imgp->ip_scriptlabelp)
+               }
+               if (imgp->ip_scriptlabelp) {
                        mac_vnode_label_free(imgp->ip_scriptlabelp);
+               }
+               if (imgp->ip_cs_error != OS_REASON_NULL) {
+                       os_reason_free(imgp->ip_cs_error);
+                       imgp->ip_cs_error = OS_REASON_NULL;
+               }
 #endif
        }
 
@@ -2963,21 +3263,46 @@ bad:
                if (error) {
                        DTRACE_PROC1(exec__failure, int, error);
                } else {
-                       DTRACE_PROC(exec__success);
+                       dtrace_thread_didexec(imgp->ip_new_thread);
                }
        }
 
-       if ((dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook = dtrace_proc_waitfor_exec_ptr) != NULL)
+       if ((dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook = dtrace_proc_waitfor_exec_ptr) != NULL) {
                (*dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook)(p);
+       }
+#endif
+
+#if CONFIG_AUDIT
+       if (!error && AUDIT_ENABLED() && p) {
+               /* Add the CDHash of the new process to the audit record */
+               uint8_t *cdhash = cs_get_cdhash(p);
+               if (cdhash) {
+                       AUDIT_ARG(data, cdhash, sizeof(uint8_t), CS_CDHASH_LEN);
+               }
+       }
 #endif
 
+       /*
+        * clear bsd_info from old task if it did exec.
+        */
+       if (task_did_exec(old_task)) {
+               set_bsdtask_info(old_task, NULL);
+       }
+
+       /* clear bsd_info from new task and terminate it if exec failed  */
+       if (new_task != NULL && task_is_exec_copy(new_task)) {
+               set_bsdtask_info(new_task, NULL);
+               task_terminate_internal(new_task);
+       }
+
        /* Return to both the parent and the child? */
        if (imgp != NULL && spawn_no_exec) {
                /*
                 * If the parent wants the pid, copy it out
                 */
-               if (pid != USER_ADDR_NULL)
+               if (pid != USER_ADDR_NULL) {
                        (void)suword(pid, p->p_pid);
+               }
                retval[0] = error;
 
                /*
@@ -2994,37 +3319,177 @@ bad:
                                p->exit_thread = current_thread();
                                proc_unlock(p);
                                exit1(p, 1, (int *)NULL);
-                               proc_clear_return_wait(p, imgp->ip_new_thread);
-                               if (exec_done == FALSE) {
-                                       task_deallocate(get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread));
-                                       thread_deallocate(imgp->ip_new_thread);
-                               }
                        } else {
                                /* someone is doing it for us; just skip it */
                                proc_unlock(p);
-                               proc_clear_return_wait(p, imgp->ip_new_thread);
                        }
-               } else {
-
-                       /*
-                        * Return to the child
-                        *
-                        * Note: the image activator earlier dropped the
-                        * task/thread references to the newly spawned
-                        * process; this is OK, since we still have suspended
-                        * queue references on them, so we should be fine
-                        * with the delayed resume of the thread here.
-                        */
-                       proc_clear_return_wait(p, imgp->ip_new_thread);
                }
        }
+
+       /*
+        * Do not terminate the current task, if proc_exec_switch_task did not
+        * switch the tasks, terminating the current task without the switch would
+        * result in loosing the SIGKILL status.
+        */
+       if (task_did_exec(old_task)) {
+               /* Terminate the current task, since exec will start in new task */
+               task_terminate_internal(old_task);
+       }
+
+       /* Release the thread ref returned by fork_create_child/fork1 */
+       if (imgp != NULL && imgp->ip_new_thread) {
+               /* wake up the new thread */
+               task_clear_return_wait(get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread));
+               thread_deallocate(imgp->ip_new_thread);
+               imgp->ip_new_thread = NULL;
+       }
+
+       /* Release the ref returned by fork_create_child/fork1 */
+       if (new_task) {
+               task_deallocate(new_task);
+               new_task = NULL;
+       }
+
+       if (should_release_proc_ref) {
+               proc_rele(p);
+       }
+
        if (bufp != NULL) {
                FREE(bufp, M_TEMP);
        }
-       
-       return(error);
+
+       if (inherit != NULL) {
+               ipc_importance_release(inherit);
+       }
+
+       return error;
 }
 
+/*
+ * proc_exec_switch_task
+ *
+ * Parameters:  p                      proc
+ *             old_task                task before exec
+ *             new_task                task after exec
+ *             new_thread              thread in new task
+ *
+ * Returns: proc.
+ *
+ * Note: The function will switch the task pointer of proc
+ * from old task to new task. The switch needs to happen
+ * after draining all proc refs and inside a proc translock.
+ * In the case of failure to switch the task, which might happen
+ * if the process received a SIGKILL or jetsam killed it, it will make
+ * sure that the new tasks terminates. User proc ref returned
+ * to caller.
+ *
+ * This function is called after point of no return, in the case
+ * failure to switch, it will terminate the new task and swallow the
+ * error and let the terminated process complete exec and die.
+ */
+proc_t
+proc_exec_switch_task(proc_t p, task_t old_task, task_t new_task, thread_t new_thread)
+{
+       int error = 0;
+       boolean_t task_active;
+       boolean_t proc_active;
+       boolean_t thread_active;
+       thread_t old_thread = current_thread();
+
+       /*
+        * Switch the task pointer of proc to new task.
+        * Before switching the task, wait for proc_refdrain.
+        * After the switch happens, the proc can disappear,
+        * take a ref before it disappears. Waiting for
+        * proc_refdrain in exec will block all other threads
+        * trying to take a proc ref, boost the current thread
+        * to avoid priority inversion.
+        */
+       thread_set_exec_promotion(old_thread);
+       p = proc_refdrain_with_refwait(p, TRUE);
+       /* extra proc ref returned to the caller */
+
+       assert(get_threadtask(new_thread) == new_task);
+       task_active = task_is_active(new_task);
+
+       /* Take the proc_translock to change the task ptr */
+       proc_lock(p);
+       proc_active = !(p->p_lflag & P_LEXIT);
+
+       /* Check if the current thread is not aborted due to SIGKILL */
+       thread_active = thread_is_active(old_thread);
+
+       /*
+        * Do not switch the task if the new task or proc is already terminated
+        * as a result of error in exec past point of no return
+        */
+       if (proc_active && task_active && thread_active) {
+               error = proc_transstart(p, 1, 0);
+               if (error == 0) {
+                       uthread_t new_uthread = get_bsdthread_info(new_thread);
+                       uthread_t old_uthread = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+
+                       /*
+                        * bsd_info of old_task will get cleared in execve and posix_spawn
+                        * after firing exec-success/error dtrace probe.
+                        */
+                       p->task = new_task;
+
+                       /* Clear dispatchqueue and workloop ast offset */
+                       p->p_dispatchqueue_offset = 0;
+                       p->p_dispatchqueue_serialno_offset = 0;
+                       p->p_return_to_kernel_offset = 0;
+
+                       /* Copy the signal state, dtrace state and set bsd ast on new thread */
+                       act_set_astbsd(new_thread);
+                       new_uthread->uu_siglist = old_uthread->uu_siglist;
+                       new_uthread->uu_sigwait = old_uthread->uu_sigwait;
+                       new_uthread->uu_sigmask = old_uthread->uu_sigmask;
+                       new_uthread->uu_oldmask = old_uthread->uu_oldmask;
+                       new_uthread->uu_vforkmask = old_uthread->uu_vforkmask;
+                       new_uthread->uu_exit_reason = old_uthread->uu_exit_reason;
+#if CONFIG_DTRACE
+                       new_uthread->t_dtrace_sig = old_uthread->t_dtrace_sig;
+                       new_uthread->t_dtrace_stop = old_uthread->t_dtrace_stop;
+                       new_uthread->t_dtrace_resumepid = old_uthread->t_dtrace_resumepid;
+                       assert(new_uthread->t_dtrace_scratch == NULL);
+                       new_uthread->t_dtrace_scratch = old_uthread->t_dtrace_scratch;
+
+                       old_uthread->t_dtrace_sig = 0;
+                       old_uthread->t_dtrace_stop = 0;
+                       old_uthread->t_dtrace_resumepid = 0;
+                       old_uthread->t_dtrace_scratch = NULL;
+#endif
+                       /* Copy the resource accounting info */
+                       thread_copy_resource_info(new_thread, current_thread());
+
+                       /* Clear the exit reason and signal state on old thread */
+                       old_uthread->uu_exit_reason = NULL;
+                       old_uthread->uu_siglist = 0;
+
+                       /* Add the new uthread to proc uthlist and remove the old one */
+                       TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&p->p_uthlist, new_uthread, uu_list);
+                       TAILQ_REMOVE(&p->p_uthlist, old_uthread, uu_list);
+
+                       task_set_did_exec_flag(old_task);
+                       task_clear_exec_copy_flag(new_task);
+
+                       task_copy_fields_for_exec(new_task, old_task);
+
+                       proc_transend(p, 1);
+               }
+       }
+
+       proc_unlock(p);
+       proc_refwake(p);
+       thread_clear_exec_promotion(old_thread);
+
+       if (error != 0 || !task_active || !proc_active || !thread_active) {
+               task_terminate_internal(new_task);
+       }
+
+       return p;
+}
 
 /*
  * execve
@@ -3062,7 +3527,7 @@ execve(proc_t p, struct execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        muap.mac_p = USER_ADDR_NULL;
        err = __mac_execve(p, &muap, retval);
 
-       return(err);
+       return err;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -3094,19 +3559,25 @@ execve(proc_t p, struct execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 int
 __mac_execve(proc_t p, struct __mac_execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 {
-       char *bufp = NULL; 
+       char *bufp = NULL;
        struct image_params *imgp;
        struct vnode_attr *vap;
        struct vnode_attr *origvap;
        int error;
        int is_64 = IS_64BIT_PROCESS(p);
        struct vfs_context context;
-       struct uthread  *uthread;
+       struct uthread  *uthread;
+       task_t old_task = current_task();
+       task_t new_task = NULL;
+       boolean_t should_release_proc_ref = FALSE;
+       boolean_t exec_done = FALSE;
+       boolean_t in_vfexec = FALSE;
+       void *inherit = NULL;
 
        context.vc_thread = current_thread();
-       context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_proc_ref(p);      /* XXX must NOT be kauth_cred_get() */
+       context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_proc_ref(p);      /* XXX must NOT be kauth_cred_get() */
 
-       /* Allocate a big chunk for locals instead of using stack since these  
+       /* Allocate a big chunk for locals instead of using stack since these
         * structures a pretty big.
         */
        MALLOC(bufp, char *, (sizeof(*imgp) + sizeof(*vap) + sizeof(*origvap)), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
@@ -3117,7 +3588,7 @@ __mac_execve(proc_t p, struct __mac_execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        }
        vap = (struct vnode_attr *) (bufp + sizeof(*imgp));
        origvap = (struct vnode_attr *) (bufp + sizeof(*imgp) + sizeof(*vap));
-       
+
        /* Initialize the common data in the image_params structure */
        imgp->ip_user_fname = uap->fname;
        imgp->ip_user_argv = uap->argp;
@@ -3125,14 +3596,10 @@ __mac_execve(proc_t p, struct __mac_execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        imgp->ip_vattr = vap;
        imgp->ip_origvattr = origvap;
        imgp->ip_vfs_context = &context;
-       imgp->ip_flags = (is_64 ? IMGPF_WAS_64BIT : IMGPF_NONE) | ((p->p_flag & P_DISABLE_ASLR) ? IMGPF_DISABLE_ASLR : IMGPF_NONE);
+       imgp->ip_flags = (is_64 ? IMGPF_WAS_64BIT_ADDR : IMGPF_NONE) | ((p->p_flag & P_DISABLE_ASLR) ? IMGPF_DISABLE_ASLR : IMGPF_NONE);
        imgp->ip_seg = (is_64 ? UIO_USERSPACE64 : UIO_USERSPACE32);
        imgp->ip_mac_return = 0;
-
-       uthread = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
-       if (uthread->uu_flag & UT_VFORK) {
-               imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_VFORK_EXEC;
-       }
+       imgp->ip_cs_error = OS_REASON_NULL;
 
 #if CONFIG_MACF
        if (uap->mac_p != USER_ADDR_NULL) {
@@ -3143,31 +3610,122 @@ __mac_execve(proc_t p, struct __mac_execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                }
        }
 #endif
+       uthread = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+       if (uthread->uu_flag & UT_VFORK) {
+               imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_VFORK_EXEC;
+               in_vfexec = TRUE;
+       } else {
+               imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_EXEC;
 
-       error = exec_activate_image(imgp);
+               /*
+                * For execve case, create a new task and thread
+                * which points to current_proc. The current_proc will point
+                * to the new task after image activation and proc ref drain.
+                *
+                * proc (current_proc) <-----  old_task (current_task)
+                *  ^ |                                ^
+                *  | |                                |
+                *  | ----------------------------------
+                *  |
+                *  --------- new_task (task marked as TF_EXEC_COPY)
+                *
+                * After image activation, the proc will point to the new task
+                * and would look like following.
+                *
+                * proc (current_proc)  <-----  old_task (current_task, marked as TPF_DID_EXEC)
+                *  ^ |
+                *  | |
+                *  | ----------> new_task
+                *  |               |
+                *  -----------------
+                *
+                * During exec any transition from new_task -> proc is fine, but don't allow
+                * transition from proc->task, since it will modify old_task.
+                */
+               imgp->ip_new_thread = fork_create_child(old_task,
+                   NULL,
+                   p,
+                   FALSE,
+                   p->p_flag & P_LP64,
+                   task_get_64bit_data(old_task),
+                   TRUE);
+               /* task and thread ref returned by fork_create_child */
+               if (imgp->ip_new_thread == NULL) {
+                       error = ENOMEM;
+                       goto exit_with_error;
+               }
 
-       kauth_cred_unref(&context.vc_ucred);
-       
-       /* Image not claimed by any activator? */
-       if (error == -1)
+               new_task = get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread);
+               context.vc_thread = imgp->ip_new_thread;
+       }
+
+       error = exec_activate_image(imgp);
+       /* thread and task ref returned for vfexec case */
+
+       if (imgp->ip_new_thread != NULL) {
+               /*
+                * task reference might be returned by exec_activate_image
+                * for vfexec.
+                */
+               new_task = get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread);
+       }
+
+       if (!error && !in_vfexec) {
+               p = proc_exec_switch_task(p, old_task, new_task, imgp->ip_new_thread);
+               /* proc ref returned */
+               should_release_proc_ref = TRUE;
+
+               /*
+                * Need to transfer pending watch port boosts to the new task while still making
+                * sure that the old task remains in the importance linkage. Create an importance
+                * linkage from old task to new task, then switch the task importance base
+                * of old task and new task. After the switch the port watch boost will be
+                * boosting the new task and new task will be donating importance to old task.
+                */
+               inherit = ipc_importance_exec_switch_task(old_task, new_task);
+       }
+
+       kauth_cred_unref(&context.vc_ucred);
+
+       /* Image not claimed by any activator? */
+       if (error == -1) {
                error = ENOEXEC;
+       }
+
+       if (!error) {
+               exec_done = TRUE;
+               assert(imgp->ip_new_thread != NULL);
 
-       if (error == 0) {
                exec_resettextvp(p, imgp);
                error = check_for_signature(p, imgp);
-       }       
-       if (imgp->ip_vp != NULLVP)
+       }
+
+       /* flag exec has occurred, notify only if it has not failed due to FP Key error */
+       if (exec_done && ((p->p_lflag & P_LTERM_DECRYPTFAIL) == 0)) {
+               proc_knote(p, NOTE_EXEC);
+       }
+
+       if (imgp->ip_vp != NULLVP) {
                vnode_put(imgp->ip_vp);
-       if (imgp->ip_scriptvp != NULLVP)
+       }
+       if (imgp->ip_scriptvp != NULLVP) {
                vnode_put(imgp->ip_scriptvp);
-       if (imgp->ip_strings)
+       }
+       if (imgp->ip_strings) {
                execargs_free(imgp);
+       }
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-       if (imgp->ip_execlabelp)
+       if (imgp->ip_execlabelp) {
                mac_cred_label_free(imgp->ip_execlabelp);
-       if (imgp->ip_scriptlabelp)
+       }
+       if (imgp->ip_scriptlabelp) {
                mac_vnode_label_free(imgp->ip_scriptlabelp);
+       }
 #endif
+       if (imgp->ip_cs_error != OS_REASON_NULL) {
+               os_reason_free(imgp->ip_cs_error);
+               imgp->ip_cs_error = OS_REASON_NULL;
+       }
 
        if (!error) {
                /*
@@ -3177,45 +3735,126 @@ __mac_execve(proc_t p, struct __mac_execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                 * aren't loaded until subsequent calls (including exec_resettextvp).
                 */
                error = proc_transstart(p, 0, 0);
-
-               if (!error) {
-                       task_bank_init(p->task);
-                       proc_transend(p, 0);
-               }
        }
 
        if (!error) {
+               task_bank_init(new_task);
+               proc_transend(p, 0);
+
+#if __arm64__
+               proc_legacy_footprint(p, new_task, __FUNCTION__);
+#endif /* __arm64__ */
+
                /* Sever any extant thread affinity */
                thread_affinity_exec(current_thread());
 
-               thread_t main_thread = (imgp->ip_new_thread != NULL) ? imgp->ip_new_thread : current_thread();
+               /* Inherit task role from old task to new task for exec */
+               if (!in_vfexec) {
+                       proc_inherit_task_role(new_task, old_task);
+               }
 
-               task_set_main_thread_qos(p->task, main_thread);
+               thread_t main_thread = imgp->ip_new_thread;
 
-               /* reset task importance */
-               task_importance_reset(p->task);
+               task_set_main_thread_qos(new_task, main_thread);
+
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+               /*
+                * Processes with the MAP_JIT entitlement are permitted to have
+                * a jumbo-size map.
+                */
+               if (mac_proc_check_map_anon(p, 0, 0, 0, MAP_JIT, NULL) == 0) {
+                       vm_map_set_jumbo(get_task_map(new_task));
+               }
+#endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
 
-               DTRACE_PROC(exec__success);
+               if (vm_darkwake_mode == TRUE) {
+                       /*
+                        * This process is being launched when the system
+                        * is in darkwake. So mark it specially. This will
+                        * cause all its pages to be entered in the background Q.
+                        */
+                       task_set_darkwake_mode(new_task, vm_darkwake_mode);
+               }
 
 #if CONFIG_DTRACE
-               if ((dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook = dtrace_proc_waitfor_exec_ptr) != NULL)
+               dtrace_thread_didexec(imgp->ip_new_thread);
+
+               if ((dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook = dtrace_proc_waitfor_exec_ptr) != NULL) {
                        (*dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook)(p);
+               }
 #endif
 
-               if (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_VFORK_EXEC) {
+#if CONFIG_AUDIT
+               if (!error && AUDIT_ENABLED() && p) {
+                       /* Add the CDHash of the new process to the audit record */
+                       uint8_t *cdhash = cs_get_cdhash(p);
+                       if (cdhash) {
+                               AUDIT_ARG(data, cdhash, sizeof(uint8_t), CS_CDHASH_LEN);
+                       }
+               }
+#endif
+
+               if (in_vfexec) {
                        vfork_return(p, retval, p->p_pid);
-                       proc_clear_return_wait(p, imgp->ip_new_thread);
                }
        } else {
                DTRACE_PROC1(exec__failure, int, error);
        }
 
 exit_with_error:
+
+       /*
+        * clear bsd_info from old task if it did exec.
+        */
+       if (task_did_exec(old_task)) {
+               set_bsdtask_info(old_task, NULL);
+       }
+
+       /* clear bsd_info from new task and terminate it if exec failed  */
+       if (new_task != NULL && task_is_exec_copy(new_task)) {
+               set_bsdtask_info(new_task, NULL);
+               task_terminate_internal(new_task);
+       }
+
+       if (imgp != NULL) {
+               /*
+                * Do not terminate the current task, if proc_exec_switch_task did not
+                * switch the tasks, terminating the current task without the switch would
+                * result in loosing the SIGKILL status.
+                */
+               if (task_did_exec(old_task)) {
+                       /* Terminate the current task, since exec will start in new task */
+                       task_terminate_internal(old_task);
+               }
+
+               /* Release the thread ref returned by fork_create_child */
+               if (imgp->ip_new_thread) {
+                       /* wake up the new exec thread */
+                       task_clear_return_wait(get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread));
+                       thread_deallocate(imgp->ip_new_thread);
+                       imgp->ip_new_thread = NULL;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Release the ref returned by fork_create_child */
+       if (new_task) {
+               task_deallocate(new_task);
+               new_task = NULL;
+       }
+
+       if (should_release_proc_ref) {
+               proc_rele(p);
+       }
+
        if (bufp != NULL) {
                FREE(bufp, M_TEMP);
        }
-       
-       return(error);
+
+       if (inherit != NULL) {
+               ipc_importance_release(inherit);
+       }
+
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -3245,11 +3884,11 @@ copyinptr(user_addr_t froma, user_addr_t *toptr, int ptr_size)
                unsigned int i;
 
                error = copyin(froma, &i, 4);
-               *toptr = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(i);   /* SAFE */
+               *toptr = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(i);   /* SAFE */
        } else {
                error = copyin(froma, toptr, 8);
        }
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -3274,13 +3913,13 @@ copyoutptr(user_addr_t ua, user_addr_t ptr, int ptr_size)
 
        if (ptr_size == 4) {
                /* 64 bit value containing 32 bit address */
-               unsigned int i = CAST_DOWN_EXPLICIT(unsigned int,ua);   /* SAFE */
+               unsigned int i = CAST_DOWN_EXPLICIT(unsigned int, ua);   /* SAFE */
 
                error = copyout(&i, ptr, 4);
        } else {
                error = copyout(&ua, ptr, 8);
        }
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -3362,25 +4001,25 @@ static int
 exec_copyout_strings(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t *stackp)
 {
        proc_t p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
-       int     ptr_size = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT) ? 8 : 4;
-       int     ptr_area_size;
+       int     ptr_size = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT_ADDR) ? 8 : 4;
+       int     ptr_area_size;
        void *ptr_buffer_start, *ptr_buffer;
        int string_size;
 
-       user_addr_t     string_area;    /* *argv[], *env[] */
-       user_addr_t     ptr_area;       /* argv[], env[], applev[] */
-       user_addr_t argc_area;  /* argc */
-       user_addr_t     stack;
+       user_addr_t     string_area;    /* *argv[], *env[] */
+       user_addr_t     ptr_area;       /* argv[], env[], applev[] */
+       user_addr_t argc_area;  /* argc */
+       user_addr_t     stack;
        int error;
 
        unsigned i;
        struct copyout_desc {
-               char    *start_string;
-               int             count;
+               char    *start_string;
+               int             count;
 #if CONFIG_DTRACE
-               user_addr_t     *dtrace_cookie;
+               user_addr_t     *dtrace_cookie;
 #endif
-               boolean_t       null_term;
+               boolean_t       null_term;
        } descriptors[] = {
                {
                        .start_string = imgp->ip_startargv,
@@ -3436,8 +4075,7 @@ exec_copyout_strings(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t *stackp)
         * Need room for one pointer for each string, plus
         * one for the NULLs terminating the argv, envv, and apple areas.
         */
-       ptr_area_size = (imgp->ip_argc + imgp->ip_envc + imgp->ip_applec + 3) *
-           ptr_size;
+       ptr_area_size = (imgp->ip_argc + imgp->ip_envc + imgp->ip_applec + 3) * ptr_size;
        stack -= ptr_area_size;
        ptr_area = stack;
 
@@ -3469,11 +4107,12 @@ exec_copyout_strings(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t *stackp)
         * Copy out the entire strings area.
         */
        error = copyout(imgp->ip_strings, string_area,
-                                                  string_size);
-       if (error)
+           string_size);
+       if (error) {
                goto bad;
+       }
 
-       for (i = 0; i < sizeof(descriptors)/sizeof(descriptors[0]); i++) {
+       for (i = 0; i < sizeof(descriptors) / sizeof(descriptors[0]); i++) {
                char *cur_string = descriptors[i].start_string;
                int j;
 
@@ -3491,14 +4130,14 @@ exec_copyout_strings(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t *stackp)
                 */
                for (j = 0; j < descriptors[i].count; j++) {
                        user_addr_t cur_address = string_area + (cur_string - imgp->ip_strings);
-                       
+
                        /* Copy out the pointer to the current string. Alignment has been verified  */
                        if (ptr_size == 8) {
                                *(uint64_t *)ptr_buffer = (uint64_t)cur_address;
                        } else {
                                *(uint32_t *)ptr_buffer = (uint32_t)cur_address;
                        }
-                       
+
                        ptr_buffer = (void *)((uintptr_t)ptr_buffer + ptr_size);
                        cur_string += strlen(cur_string) + 1; /* Only a NUL between strings in the same area */
                }
@@ -3509,7 +4148,7 @@ exec_copyout_strings(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t *stackp)
                        } else {
                                *(uint32_t *)ptr_buffer = 0;
                        }
-                       
+
                        ptr_buffer = (void *)((uintptr_t)ptr_buffer + ptr_size);
                }
        }
@@ -3518,17 +4157,19 @@ exec_copyout_strings(struct image_params *imgp, user_addr_t *stackp)
         * Copy out all our pointer arrays in bulk.
         */
        error = copyout(ptr_buffer_start, ptr_area,
-                                       ptr_area_size);
-       if (error)
+           ptr_area_size);
+       if (error) {
                goto bad;
+       }
 
        /* argc (int32, stored in a ptr_size area) */
        error = copyoutptr((user_addr_t)imgp->ip_argc, argc_area, ptr_size);
-       if (error)
+       if (error) {
                goto bad;
+       }
 
 bad:
-       return(error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -3563,14 +4204,14 @@ static int
 exec_extract_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
 {
        int error = 0;
-       int     ptr_size = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_WAS_64BIT) ? 8 : 4;
-       int new_ptr_size = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT) ? 8 : 4;
-       user_addr_t     argv = imgp->ip_user_argv;
-       user_addr_t     envv = imgp->ip_user_envv;
+       int     ptr_size = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_WAS_64BIT_ADDR) ? 8 : 4;
+       int new_ptr_size = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT_ADDR) ? 8 : 4;
+       user_addr_t     argv = imgp->ip_user_argv;
+       user_addr_t     envv = imgp->ip_user_envv;
 
        /*
         * Adjust space reserved for the path name by however much padding it
-        * needs. Doing this here since we didn't know if this would be a 32- 
+        * needs. Doing this here since we didn't know if this would be a 32-
         * or 64-bit process back in exec_save_path.
         */
        while (imgp->ip_strspace % new_ptr_size != 0) {
@@ -3585,8 +4226,8 @@ exec_extract_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
        imgp->ip_startargv = imgp->ip_strendp;
        imgp->ip_argc = 0;
 
-       if((imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_INTERPRET) != 0) {
-               user_addr_t     arg;
+       if ((imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_INTERPRET) != 0) {
+               user_addr_t     arg;
                char *argstart, *ch;
 
                /* First, the arguments in the "#!" string are tokenized and extracted. */
@@ -3617,8 +4258,9 @@ exec_extract_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
                        }
 
                        /* Error-check, regardless of whether this is the last interpreter arg or not */
-                       if (error)
+                       if (error) {
                                goto bad;
+                       }
                        if (imgp->ip_argspace < new_ptr_size) {
                                error = E2BIG;
                                goto bad;
@@ -3635,8 +4277,9 @@ exec_extract_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
                         * to locate their script arguments.
                         */
                        error = copyinptr(argv, &arg, ptr_size);
-                       if (error)
+                       if (error) {
                                goto bad;
+                       }
                        if (arg != 0LL) {
                                argv += ptr_size; /* consume without using */
                        }
@@ -3649,9 +4292,10 @@ exec_extract_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
                } else {
                        error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, imgp->ip_user_fname, imgp->ip_seg, TRUE);
                }
-               
-               if (error)
+
+               if (error) {
                        goto bad;
+               }
                if (imgp->ip_argspace < new_ptr_size) {
                        error = E2BIG;
                        goto bad;
@@ -3661,11 +4305,12 @@ exec_extract_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
        }
 
        while (argv != 0LL) {
-               user_addr_t     arg;
+               user_addr_t     arg;
 
                error = copyinptr(argv, &arg, ptr_size);
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto bad;
+               }
 
                if (arg == 0LL) {
                        break;
@@ -3674,18 +4319,19 @@ exec_extract_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
                argv += ptr_size;
 
                /*
-               * av[n...] = arg[n]
-               */
+                * av[n...] = arg[n]
+                */
                error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, arg, imgp->ip_seg, TRUE);
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto bad;
+               }
                if (imgp->ip_argspace < new_ptr_size) {
                        error = E2BIG;
                        goto bad;
                }
                imgp->ip_argspace -= new_ptr_size; /* to hold argv[] entry */
                imgp->ip_argc++;
-       }        
+       }
 
        /* Save space for argv[] NULL terminator */
        if (imgp->ip_argspace < new_ptr_size) {
@@ -3693,29 +4339,31 @@ exec_extract_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
                goto bad;
        }
        imgp->ip_argspace -= new_ptr_size;
-       
+
        /* Note where the args ends and env begins. */
        imgp->ip_endargv = imgp->ip_strendp;
        imgp->ip_envc = 0;
 
        /* Now, get the environment */
        while (envv != 0LL) {
-               user_addr_t     env;
+               user_addr_t     env;
 
                error = copyinptr(envv, &env, ptr_size);
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto bad;
+               }
 
                envv += ptr_size;
                if (env == 0LL) {
                        break;
                }
                /*
-               * av[n...] = env[n]
-               */
+                * av[n...] = env[n]
+                */
                error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, env, imgp->ip_seg, TRUE);
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
                        goto bad;
+               }
                if (imgp->ip_argspace < new_ptr_size) {
                        error = E2BIG;
                        goto bad;
@@ -3741,7 +4389,7 @@ exec_extract_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
                imgp->ip_strspace--;
                imgp->ip_argspace--;
        }
-       
+
        /* Note where the envv ends and applev begins. */
        imgp->ip_endenvv = imgp->ip_strendp;
 
@@ -3754,62 +4402,27 @@ bad:
        return error;
 }
 
-static char *
-random_hex_str(char *str, int len, boolean_t embedNUL)
-{
-       uint64_t low, high, value;
-       int idx;
-       char digit;
-
-       /* A 64-bit value will only take 16 characters, plus '0x' and NULL. */
-       if (len > 19)
-               len = 19;
-
-       /* We need enough room for at least 1 digit */
-       if (len < 4)
-               return (NULL);
-
-       low = random();
-       high = random();
-       value = high << 32 | low;
-
-       if (embedNUL) {
-               /*
-                * Zero a byte to protect against C string vulnerabilities
-                * e.g. for userland __stack_chk_guard.
-                */ 
-               value &= ~(0xffull << 8);
-       }
-
-       str[0] = '0';
-       str[1] = 'x';
-       for (idx = 2; idx < len - 1; idx++) {
-               digit = value & 0xf;
-               value = value >> 4;
-               if (digit < 10)
-                       str[idx] = '0' + digit;
-               else
-                       str[idx] = 'a' + (digit - 10);
-       }
-       str[idx] = '\0';
-       return (str);
-}
-
 /*
  * Libc has an 8-element array set up for stack guard values.  It only fills
  * in one of those entries, and both gcc and llvm seem to use only a single
  * 8-byte guard.  Until somebody needs more than an 8-byte guard value, don't
  * do the work to construct them.
  */
-#define        GUARD_VALUES 1
-#define        GUARD_KEY "stack_guard="
+#define GUARD_VALUES 1
+#define GUARD_KEY "stack_guard="
 
 /*
  * System malloc needs some entropy when it is initialized.
  */
-#define        ENTROPY_VALUES 2
+#define ENTROPY_VALUES 2
 #define ENTROPY_KEY "malloc_entropy="
 
+/*
+ * libplatform needs a random pointer-obfuscation value when it is initialized.
+ */
+#define PTR_MUNGE_VALUES 1
+#define PTR_MUNGE_KEY "ptr_munge="
+
 /*
  * System malloc engages nanozone for UIAPP.
  */
@@ -3818,49 +4431,87 @@ random_hex_str(char *str, int len, boolean_t embedNUL)
 #define PFZ_KEY "pfz="
 extern user32_addr_t commpage_text32_location;
 extern user64_addr_t commpage_text64_location;
+
+#define MAIN_STACK_VALUES 4
+#define MAIN_STACK_KEY "main_stack="
+
+#define FSID_KEY "executable_file="
+#define DYLD_FSID_KEY "dyld_file="
+#define CDHASH_KEY "executable_cdhash="
+
+#define FSID_MAX_STRING "0x1234567890abcdef,0x1234567890abcdef"
+
+#define HEX_STR_LEN 18 // 64-bit hex value "0x0123456701234567"
+
+static int
+exec_add_entropy_key(struct image_params *imgp,
+    const char *key,
+    int values,
+    boolean_t embedNUL)
+{
+       const int limit = 8;
+       uint64_t entropy[limit];
+       char str[strlen(key) + (HEX_STR_LEN + 1) * limit + 1];
+       if (values > limit) {
+               values = limit;
+       }
+
+       read_random(entropy, sizeof(entropy[0]) * values);
+
+       if (embedNUL) {
+               entropy[0] &= ~(0xffull << 8);
+       }
+
+       int len = snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s0x%llx", key, entropy[0]);
+       int remaining = sizeof(str) - len;
+       for (int i = 1; i < values && remaining > 0; ++i) {
+               int start = sizeof(str) - remaining;
+               len = snprintf(&str[start], remaining, ",0x%llx", entropy[i]);
+               remaining -= len;
+       }
+
+       return exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(str), UIO_SYSSPACE, FALSE);
+}
+
 /*
  * Build up the contents of the apple[] string vector
  */
 static int
-exec_add_apple_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
+exec_add_apple_strings(struct image_params *imgp,
+    const load_result_t *load_result)
 {
-       int i, error;
-       int new_ptr_size=4;
-       char guard[19];
-       char guard_vec[strlen(GUARD_KEY) + 19 * GUARD_VALUES + 1];
-
-       char entropy[19];
-       char entropy_vec[strlen(ENTROPY_KEY) + 19 * ENTROPY_VALUES + 1];
-
-       char pfz_string[strlen(PFZ_KEY) + 16 + 4 +1];
-       
-       if( imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT) {
-               new_ptr_size = 8;
-               snprintf(pfz_string, sizeof(pfz_string),PFZ_KEY "0x%llx",commpage_text64_location);
-       } else {
-               snprintf(pfz_string, sizeof(pfz_string),PFZ_KEY "0x%x",commpage_text32_location);
-       }
+       int error;
+       int img_ptr_size = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT_ADDR) ? 8 : 4;
 
        /* exec_save_path stored the first string */
        imgp->ip_applec = 1;
 
        /* adding the pfz string */
-       error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(pfz_string),UIO_SYSSPACE,FALSE);
-       if(error)
-               goto bad;
-       imgp->ip_applec++;
+       {
+               char pfz_string[strlen(PFZ_KEY) + HEX_STR_LEN + 1];
+
+               if (img_ptr_size == 8) {
+                       snprintf(pfz_string, sizeof(pfz_string), PFZ_KEY "0x%llx", commpage_text64_location);
+               } else {
+                       snprintf(pfz_string, sizeof(pfz_string), PFZ_KEY "0x%x", commpage_text32_location);
+               }
+               error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(pfz_string), UIO_SYSSPACE, FALSE);
+               if (error) {
+                       goto bad;
+               }
+               imgp->ip_applec++;
+       }
 
        /* adding the NANO_ENGAGE_KEY key */
        if (imgp->ip_px_sa) {
                int proc_flags = (((struct _posix_spawnattr *) imgp->ip_px_sa)->psa_flags);
 
                if ((proc_flags & _POSIX_SPAWN_NANO_ALLOCATOR) == _POSIX_SPAWN_NANO_ALLOCATOR) {
-                       char uiapp_string[strlen(NANO_ENGAGE_KEY) + 1];
-
-                       snprintf(uiapp_string, sizeof(uiapp_string), NANO_ENGAGE_KEY);
-                       error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(uiapp_string),UIO_SYSSPACE,FALSE);
-                       if (error)
+                       const char *nano_string = NANO_ENGAGE_KEY;
+                       error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(nano_string), UIO_SYSSPACE, FALSE);
+                       if (error) {
                                goto bad;
+                       }
                        imgp->ip_applec++;
                }
        }
@@ -3872,37 +4523,97 @@ exec_add_apple_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
         * (The first random string always contains an embedded NUL so that
         * __stack_chk_guard also protects against C string vulnerabilities)
         */
-       (void)strlcpy(guard_vec, GUARD_KEY, sizeof (guard_vec));
-       for (i = 0; i < GUARD_VALUES; i++) {
-               random_hex_str(guard, sizeof (guard), i == 0);
-               if (i)
-                       (void)strlcat(guard_vec, ",", sizeof (guard_vec));
-               (void)strlcat(guard_vec, guard, sizeof (guard_vec));
+       error = exec_add_entropy_key(imgp, GUARD_KEY, GUARD_VALUES, TRUE);
+       if (error) {
+               goto bad;
        }
+       imgp->ip_applec++;
 
-       error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(guard_vec), UIO_SYSSPACE, FALSE);
-       if (error)
+       /*
+        * Supply libc with entropy for system malloc.
+        */
+       error = exec_add_entropy_key(imgp, ENTROPY_KEY, ENTROPY_VALUES, FALSE);
+       if (error) {
                goto bad;
+       }
        imgp->ip_applec++;
 
        /*
-        * Supply libc with entropy for system malloc.
+        * Supply libpthread & libplatform with a random value to use for pointer
+        * obfuscation.
         */
-       (void)strlcpy(entropy_vec, ENTROPY_KEY, sizeof(entropy_vec));
-       for (i = 0; i < ENTROPY_VALUES; i++) {
-               random_hex_str(entropy, sizeof (entropy), FALSE);
-               if (i)
-                       (void)strlcat(entropy_vec, ",", sizeof (entropy_vec));
-               (void)strlcat(entropy_vec, entropy, sizeof (entropy_vec));
-       }
-       
-       error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(entropy_vec), UIO_SYSSPACE, FALSE);
-       if (error)
+       error = exec_add_entropy_key(imgp, PTR_MUNGE_KEY, PTR_MUNGE_VALUES, FALSE);
+       if (error) {
                goto bad;
+       }
        imgp->ip_applec++;
 
+       /*
+        * Add MAIN_STACK_KEY: Supplies the address and size of the main thread's
+        * stack if it was allocated by the kernel.
+        *
+        * The guard page is not included in this stack size as libpthread
+        * expects to add it back in after receiving this value.
+        */
+       if (load_result->unixproc) {
+               char stack_string[strlen(MAIN_STACK_KEY) + (HEX_STR_LEN + 1) * MAIN_STACK_VALUES + 1];
+               snprintf(stack_string, sizeof(stack_string),
+                   MAIN_STACK_KEY "0x%llx,0x%llx,0x%llx,0x%llx",
+                   (uint64_t)load_result->user_stack,
+                   (uint64_t)load_result->user_stack_size,
+                   (uint64_t)load_result->user_stack_alloc,
+                   (uint64_t)load_result->user_stack_alloc_size);
+               error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(stack_string), UIO_SYSSPACE, FALSE);
+               if (error) {
+                       goto bad;
+               }
+               imgp->ip_applec++;
+       }
+
+       if (imgp->ip_vattr) {
+               uint64_t fsid    = vnode_get_va_fsid(imgp->ip_vattr);
+               uint64_t fsobjid = imgp->ip_vattr->va_fileid;
+
+               char fsid_string[strlen(FSID_KEY) + strlen(FSID_MAX_STRING) + 1];
+               snprintf(fsid_string, sizeof(fsid_string),
+                   FSID_KEY "0x%llx,0x%llx", fsid, fsobjid);
+               error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(fsid_string), UIO_SYSSPACE, FALSE);
+               if (error) {
+                       goto bad;
+               }
+               imgp->ip_applec++;
+       }
+
+       if (imgp->ip_dyld_fsid || imgp->ip_dyld_fsobjid) {
+               char fsid_string[strlen(DYLD_FSID_KEY) + strlen(FSID_MAX_STRING) + 1];
+               snprintf(fsid_string, sizeof(fsid_string),
+                   DYLD_FSID_KEY "0x%llx,0x%llx", imgp->ip_dyld_fsid, imgp->ip_dyld_fsobjid);
+               error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(fsid_string), UIO_SYSSPACE, FALSE);
+               if (error) {
+                       goto bad;
+               }
+               imgp->ip_applec++;
+       }
+
+       uint8_t cdhash[SHA1_RESULTLEN];
+       int cdhash_errror = ubc_cs_getcdhash(imgp->ip_vp, imgp->ip_arch_offset, cdhash);
+       if (cdhash_errror == 0) {
+               char hash_string[strlen(CDHASH_KEY) + 2 * SHA1_RESULTLEN + 1];
+               strncpy(hash_string, CDHASH_KEY, sizeof(hash_string));
+               char *p = hash_string + sizeof(CDHASH_KEY) - 1;
+               for (int i = 0; i < SHA1_RESULTLEN; i++) {
+                       snprintf(p, 3, "%02x", (int) cdhash[i]);
+                       p += 2;
+               }
+               error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(hash_string), UIO_SYSSPACE, FALSE);
+               if (error) {
+                       goto bad;
+               }
+               imgp->ip_applec++;
+       }
+
        /* Align the tail of the combined applev area */
-       while (imgp->ip_strspace % new_ptr_size != 0) {
+       while (imgp->ip_strspace % img_ptr_size != 0) {
                *imgp->ip_strendp++ = '\0';
                imgp->ip_strspace--;
        }
@@ -3911,7 +4622,7 @@ bad:
        return error;
 }
 
-#define        unix_stack_size(p)      (p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_STACK].rlim_cur)
+#define unix_stack_size(p)      (p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_STACK].rlim_cur)
 
 /*
  * exec_check_permissions
@@ -3939,59 +4650,69 @@ exec_check_permissions(struct image_params *imgp)
        kauth_action_t action;
 
        /* Only allow execution of regular files */
-       if (!vnode_isreg(vp))
-               return (EACCES);
-       
+       if (!vnode_isreg(vp)) {
+               return EACCES;
+       }
+
        /* Get the file attributes that we will be using here and elsewhere */
        VATTR_INIT(vap);
        VATTR_WANTED(vap, va_uid);
        VATTR_WANTED(vap, va_gid);
        VATTR_WANTED(vap, va_mode);
        VATTR_WANTED(vap, va_fsid);
+       VATTR_WANTED(vap, va_fsid64);
        VATTR_WANTED(vap, va_fileid);
        VATTR_WANTED(vap, va_data_size);
-       if ((error = vnode_getattr(vp, vap, imgp->ip_vfs_context)) != 0)
-               return (error);
+       if ((error = vnode_getattr(vp, vap, imgp->ip_vfs_context)) != 0) {
+               return error;
+       }
 
        /*
         * Ensure that at least one execute bit is on - otherwise root
         * will always succeed, and we don't want to happen unless the
         * file really is executable.
         */
-       if (!vfs_authopaque(vnode_mount(vp)) && ((vap->va_mode & (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)) == 0))
-               return (EACCES);
+       if (!vfs_authopaque(vnode_mount(vp)) && ((vap->va_mode & (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)) == 0)) {
+               return EACCES;
+       }
 
        /* Disallow zero length files */
-       if (vap->va_data_size == 0)
-               return (ENOEXEC);
+       if (vap->va_data_size == 0) {
+               return ENOEXEC;
+       }
 
        imgp->ip_arch_offset = (user_size_t)0;
        imgp->ip_arch_size = vap->va_data_size;
 
        /* Disable setuid-ness for traced programs or if MNT_NOSUID */
-       if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID) || (p->p_lflag & P_LTRACED))
+       if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID) || (p->p_lflag & P_LTRACED)) {
                vap->va_mode &= ~(VSUID | VSGID);
+       }
 
        /*
         * Disable _POSIX_SPAWN_ALLOW_DATA_EXEC and _POSIX_SPAWN_DISABLE_ASLR
         * flags for setuid/setgid binaries.
         */
-       if (vap->va_mode & (VSUID | VSGID))
+       if (vap->va_mode & (VSUID | VSGID)) {
                imgp->ip_flags &= ~(IMGPF_ALLOW_DATA_EXEC | IMGPF_DISABLE_ASLR);
+       }
 
 #if CONFIG_MACF
        error = mac_vnode_check_exec(imgp->ip_vfs_context, vp, imgp);
-       if (error)
-               return (error);
+       if (error) {
+               return error;
+       }
 #endif
 
-       /* Check for execute permission */
-       action = KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE;
-       /* Traced images must also be readable */
-       if (p->p_lflag & P_LTRACED)
-               action |= KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA;
-       if ((error = vnode_authorize(vp, NULL, action, imgp->ip_vfs_context)) != 0)
-               return (error);
+       /* Check for execute permission */
+       action = KAUTH_VNODE_EXECUTE;
+       /* Traced images must also be readable */
+       if (p->p_lflag & P_LTRACED) {
+               action |= KAUTH_VNODE_READ_DATA;
+       }
+       if ((error = vnode_authorize(vp, NULL, action, imgp->ip_vfs_context)) != 0) {
+               return error;
+       }
 
 #if 0
        /* Don't let it run if anyone had it open for writing */
@@ -3999,7 +4720,7 @@ exec_check_permissions(struct image_params *imgp)
        if (vp->v_writecount) {
                panic("going to return ETXTBSY %x", vp);
                vnode_unlock(vp);
-               return (ETXTBSY);
+               return ETXTBSY;
        }
        vnode_unlock(vp);
 #endif
@@ -4007,7 +4728,7 @@ exec_check_permissions(struct image_params *imgp)
 
        /* XXX May want to indicate to underlying FS that vnode is open */
 
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -4040,15 +4761,17 @@ exec_check_permissions(struct image_params *imgp)
 static int
 exec_handle_sugid(struct image_params *imgp)
 {
-       kauth_cred_t            cred = vfs_context_ucred(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
-       proc_t                  p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
-       int                     i;
-       int                     leave_sugid_clear = 0;
-       int                     mac_reset_ipc = 0;
-       int                     error = 0;
+       proc_t                  p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
+       kauth_cred_t            cred = vfs_context_ucred(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
+       kauth_cred_t            my_cred, my_new_cred;
+       int                     i;
+       int                     leave_sugid_clear = 0;
+       int                     mac_reset_ipc = 0;
+       int                     error = 0;
+       task_t                  task = NULL;
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-       int                     mac_transition, disjoint_cred = 0;
-       int             label_update_return = 0;
+       int                     mac_transition, disjoint_cred = 0;
+       int             label_update_return = 0;
 
        /*
         * Determine whether a call to update the MAC label will result in the
@@ -4060,14 +4783,14 @@ exec_handle_sugid(struct image_params *imgp)
         *              slow down the exec fast path for normal binaries.
         */
        mac_transition = mac_cred_check_label_update_execve(
-                                                       imgp->ip_vfs_context,
-                                                       imgp->ip_vp,
-                                                       imgp->ip_arch_offset,
-                                                       imgp->ip_scriptvp,
-                                                       imgp->ip_scriptlabelp,
-                                                       imgp->ip_execlabelp,
-                                                       p,
-                                                       imgp->ip_px_smpx);
+               imgp->ip_vfs_context,
+               imgp->ip_vp,
+               imgp->ip_arch_offset,
+               imgp->ip_scriptvp,
+               imgp->ip_scriptlabelp,
+               imgp->ip_execlabelp,
+               p,
+               imgp->ip_px_smpx);
 #endif
 
        OSBitAndAtomic(~((uint32_t)P_SUGID), &p->p_flag);
@@ -4087,16 +4810,16 @@ exec_handle_sugid(struct image_params *imgp)
         *              such a call.
         */
        if (((imgp->ip_origvattr->va_mode & VSUID) != 0 &&
-            kauth_cred_getuid(cred) != imgp->ip_origvattr->va_uid) ||
+           kauth_cred_getuid(cred) != imgp->ip_origvattr->va_uid) ||
            ((imgp->ip_origvattr->va_mode & VSGID) != 0 &&
-                ((kauth_cred_ismember_gid(cred, imgp->ip_origvattr->va_gid, &leave_sugid_clear) || !leave_sugid_clear) ||
-                (kauth_cred_getgid(cred) != imgp->ip_origvattr->va_gid)))) {
-
+           ((kauth_cred_ismember_gid(cred, imgp->ip_origvattr->va_gid, &leave_sugid_clear) || !leave_sugid_clear) ||
+           (kauth_cred_getgid(cred) != imgp->ip_origvattr->va_gid)))) {
 #if CONFIG_MACF
 /* label for MAC transition and neither VSUID nor VSGID */
 handle_mac_transition:
 #endif
 
+#if !SECURE_KERNEL
                /*
                 * Replace the credential with a copy of itself if euid or
                 * egid change.
@@ -4112,26 +4835,78 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                 *              membership resolution, then dropping their
                 *              effective privilege to that of the desired
                 *              final credential state.
+                *
+                * Modifications to p_ucred must be guarded using the
+                * proc's ucred lock. This prevents others from accessing
+                * a garbage credential.
                 */
-               if (imgp->ip_origvattr->va_mode & VSUID) {
-                       p->p_ucred  = kauth_cred_setresuid(p->p_ucred, KAUTH_UID_NONE, imgp->ip_origvattr->va_uid, imgp->ip_origvattr->va_uid, KAUTH_UID_NONE);
+               while (imgp->ip_origvattr->va_mode & VSUID) {
+                       my_cred = kauth_cred_proc_ref(p);
+                       my_new_cred = kauth_cred_setresuid(my_cred, KAUTH_UID_NONE, imgp->ip_origvattr->va_uid, imgp->ip_origvattr->va_uid, KAUTH_UID_NONE);
+
+                       if (my_new_cred == my_cred) {
+                               kauth_cred_unref(&my_cred);
+                               break;
+                       }
+
                        /* update cred on proc */
+                       proc_ucred_lock(p);
+
+                       if (p->p_ucred != my_cred) {
+                               proc_ucred_unlock(p);
+                               kauth_cred_unref(&my_new_cred);
+                               continue;
+                       }
+
+                       /* donate cred reference on my_new_cred to p->p_ucred */
+                       p->p_ucred = my_new_cred;
                        PROC_UPDATE_CREDS_ONPROC(p);
+                       proc_ucred_unlock(p);
+
+                       /* drop additional reference that was taken on the previous cred */
+                       kauth_cred_unref(&my_cred);
+
+                       break;
                }
-               if (imgp->ip_origvattr->va_mode & VSGID) {
-                       p->p_ucred = kauth_cred_setresgid(p->p_ucred, KAUTH_GID_NONE, imgp->ip_origvattr->va_gid, imgp->ip_origvattr->va_gid);
+
+               while (imgp->ip_origvattr->va_mode & VSGID) {
+                       my_cred = kauth_cred_proc_ref(p);
+                       my_new_cred = kauth_cred_setresgid(my_cred, KAUTH_GID_NONE, imgp->ip_origvattr->va_gid, imgp->ip_origvattr->va_gid);
+
+                       if (my_new_cred == my_cred) {
+                               kauth_cred_unref(&my_cred);
+                               break;
+                       }
+
                        /* update cred on proc */
+                       proc_ucred_lock(p);
+
+                       if (p->p_ucred != my_cred) {
+                               proc_ucred_unlock(p);
+                               kauth_cred_unref(&my_new_cred);
+                               continue;
+                       }
+
+                       /* donate cred reference on my_new_cred to p->p_ucred */
+                       p->p_ucred = my_new_cred;
                        PROC_UPDATE_CREDS_ONPROC(p);
+                       proc_ucred_unlock(p);
+
+                       /* drop additional reference that was taken on the previous cred */
+                       kauth_cred_unref(&my_cred);
+
+                       break;
                }
+#endif /* !SECURE_KERNEL */
 
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-               /* 
+               /*
                 * If a policy has indicated that it will transition the label,
                 * before making the call into the MAC policies, get a new
                 * duplicate credential, so they can modify it without
                 * modifying any others sharing it.
                 */
-               if (mac_transition) { 
+               if (mac_transition) {
                        /*
                         * This hook may generate upcalls that require
                         * importance donation from the kernel.
@@ -4140,16 +4915,16 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                        thread_t thread = current_thread();
                        thread_enable_send_importance(thread, TRUE);
                        kauth_proc_label_update_execve(p,
-                                               imgp->ip_vfs_context,
-                                               imgp->ip_vp, 
-                                               imgp->ip_arch_offset,
-                                               imgp->ip_scriptvp,
-                                               imgp->ip_scriptlabelp,
-                                               imgp->ip_execlabelp,
-                                               &imgp->ip_csflags,
-                                               imgp->ip_px_smpx,
-                                               &disjoint_cred, /* will be non zero if disjoint */
-                                               &label_update_return);
+                           imgp->ip_vfs_context,
+                           imgp->ip_vp,
+                           imgp->ip_arch_offset,
+                           imgp->ip_scriptvp,
+                           imgp->ip_scriptlabelp,
+                           imgp->ip_execlabelp,
+                           &imgp->ip_csflags,
+                           imgp->ip_px_smpx,
+                           &disjoint_cred,                     /* will be non zero if disjoint */
+                           &label_update_return);
                        thread_enable_send_importance(thread, FALSE);
 
                        if (disjoint_cred) {
@@ -4164,13 +4939,13 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                                 */
                                leave_sugid_clear = 0;
                        }
-                       
+
                        imgp->ip_mac_return = label_update_return;
                }
-               
+
                mac_reset_ipc = mac_proc_check_inherit_ipc_ports(p, p->p_textvp, p->p_textoff, imgp->ip_vp, imgp->ip_arch_offset, imgp->ip_scriptvp);
 
-#endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
+#endif  /* CONFIG_MACF */
 
                /*
                 * If 'leave_sugid_clear' is non-zero, then we passed the
@@ -4178,7 +4953,7 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                 * the previous cred was a member of the VSGID group, but
                 * that it was not the default at the time of the execve,
                 * and that the post-labelling credential was not disjoint.
-                * So we don't set the P_SUGID or reset mach ports and fds 
+                * So we don't set the P_SUGID or reset mach ports and fds
                 * on the basis of simply running this code.
                 */
                if (mac_reset_ipc || !leave_sugid_clear) {
@@ -4188,9 +4963,10 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                         * a setuid exec to be able to access/control the
                         * task/thread after.
                         */
-                       ipc_task_reset(p->task);
+                       ipc_task_reset((imgp->ip_new_thread != NULL) ?
+                           get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread) : p->task);
                        ipc_thread_reset((imgp->ip_new_thread != NULL) ?
-                                        imgp->ip_new_thread : current_thread());
+                           imgp->ip_new_thread : current_thread());
                }
 
                if (!leave_sugid_clear) {
@@ -4208,17 +4984,17 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                         * to libc.
                         */
                        for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-
-                               if (p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[i] != NULL)
+                               if (p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[i] != NULL) {
                                        continue;
+                               }
 
                                /*
                                 * Do the kernel equivalent of
                                 *
-                                *      if i == 0
-                                *              (void) open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);
-                                *      else 
-                                *              (void) open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);
+                                *      if i == 0
+                                *              (void) open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);
+                                *      else
+                                *              (void) open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);
                                 */
 
                                struct fileproc *fp;
@@ -4226,17 +5002,20 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                                int flag;
                                struct nameidata *ndp = NULL;
 
-                               if (i == 0)
+                               if (i == 0) {
                                        flag = FREAD;
-                               else 
+                               } else {
                                        flag = FWRITE;
+                               }
 
                                if ((error = falloc(p,
-                                   &fp, &indx, imgp->ip_vfs_context)) != 0)
+                                   &fp, &indx, imgp->ip_vfs_context)) != 0) {
                                        continue;
+                               }
 
                                MALLOC(ndp, struct nameidata *, sizeof(*ndp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
                                if (ndp == NULL) {
+                                       fp_free(p, indx, fp);
                                        error = ENOMEM;
                                        break;
                                }
@@ -4247,6 +5026,7 @@ handle_mac_transition:
 
                                if ((error = vn_open(ndp, flag, 0)) != 0) {
                                        fp_free(p, indx, fp);
+                                       FREE(ndp, M_TEMP);
                                        break;
                                }
 
@@ -4282,21 +5062,57 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                }
        }
 
-#endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
+#endif  /* CONFIG_MACF */
 
        /*
         * Implement the semantic where the effective user and group become
         * the saved user and group in exec'ed programs.
+        *
+        * Modifications to p_ucred must be guarded using the
+        * proc's ucred lock. This prevents others from accessing
+        * a garbage credential.
         */
-       p->p_ucred = kauth_cred_setsvuidgid(p->p_ucred, kauth_cred_getuid(p->p_ucred),  kauth_cred_getgid(p->p_ucred));
-       /* update cred on proc */
-       PROC_UPDATE_CREDS_ONPROC(p);
-       
+       for (;;) {
+               my_cred = kauth_cred_proc_ref(p);
+               my_new_cred = kauth_cred_setsvuidgid(my_cred, kauth_cred_getuid(my_cred), kauth_cred_getgid(my_cred));
+
+               if (my_new_cred == my_cred) {
+                       kauth_cred_unref(&my_cred);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               /* update cred on proc */
+               proc_ucred_lock(p);
+
+               if (p->p_ucred != my_cred) {
+                       proc_ucred_unlock(p);
+                       kauth_cred_unref(&my_new_cred);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               /* donate cred reference on my_new_cred to p->p_ucred */
+               p->p_ucred = my_new_cred;
+               PROC_UPDATE_CREDS_ONPROC(p);
+               proc_ucred_unlock(p);
+
+               /* drop additional reference that was taken on the previous cred */
+               kauth_cred_unref(&my_cred);
+
+               break;
+       }
+
+
        /* Update the process' identity version and set the security token */
-       p->p_idversion++;
-       set_security_token(p);
+       p->p_idversion = OSIncrementAtomic(&nextpidversion);
+
+       if (imgp->ip_new_thread != NULL) {
+               task = get_threadtask(imgp->ip_new_thread);
+       } else {
+               task = p->task;
+       }
+       set_security_token_task_internal(p, task);
 
-       return(error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 
@@ -4318,20 +5134,23 @@ handle_mac_transition:
  *             !KERN_SUCCESS           Mach failure code
  */
 static kern_return_t
-create_unix_stack(vm_map_t map, load_result_t* load_result, 
-                       proc_t p)
+create_unix_stack(vm_map_t map, load_result_t* load_result,
+    proc_t p)
 {
-       mach_vm_size_t          size, prot_size;
-       mach_vm_offset_t        addr, prot_addr;
-       kern_return_t           kr;
+       mach_vm_size_t          size, prot_size;
+       mach_vm_offset_t        addr, prot_addr;
+       kern_return_t           kr;
+
+       mach_vm_address_t       user_stack = load_result->user_stack;
 
-       mach_vm_address_t       user_stack = load_result->user_stack;
-       
        proc_lock(p);
        p->user_stack = user_stack;
+       if (load_result->custom_stack) {
+               p->p_lflag |= P_LCUSTOM_STACK;
+       }
        proc_unlock(p);
 
-       if (!load_result->prog_allocated_stack) {
+       if (load_result->user_stack_alloc_size > 0) {
                /*
                 * Allocate enough space for the maximum stack size we
                 * will ever authorize and an extra page to act as
@@ -4339,22 +5158,20 @@ create_unix_stack(vm_map_t map, load_result_t* load_result,
                 * vm_initial_limit_stack takes care of the extra guard page.
                 * Otherwise we must allocate it ourselves.
                 */
-
-               size = mach_vm_round_page(load_result->user_stack_size);
-               if (load_result->prog_stack_size)
-                       size += PAGE_SIZE;
+               if (mach_vm_round_page_overflow(load_result->user_stack_alloc_size, &size)) {
+                       return KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+               }
                addr = mach_vm_trunc_page(load_result->user_stack - size);
-               kr = mach_vm_allocate(map, &addr, size,
-                                       VM_MAKE_TAG(VM_MEMORY_STACK) |
-                                       VM_FLAGS_FIXED);
+               kr = mach_vm_allocate_kernel(map, &addr, size,
+                   VM_FLAGS_FIXED, VM_MEMORY_STACK);
                if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                       /* If can't allocate at default location, try anywhere */
+                       // Can't allocate at default location, try anywhere
                        addr = 0;
-                       kr = mach_vm_allocate(map, &addr, size,
-                                                                 VM_MAKE_TAG(VM_MEMORY_STACK) |
-                                                                 VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
-                       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS)
+                       kr = mach_vm_allocate_kernel(map, &addr, size,
+                           VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE, VM_MEMORY_STACK);
+                       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                                return kr;
+                       }
 
                        user_stack = addr + size;
                        load_result->user_stack = user_stack;
@@ -4364,22 +5181,29 @@ create_unix_stack(vm_map_t map, load_result_t* load_result,
                        proc_unlock(p);
                }
 
+               load_result->user_stack_alloc = addr;
+
                /*
                 * And prevent access to what's above the current stack
                 * size limit for this process.
                 */
-               prot_addr = addr;
-               if (load_result->prog_stack_size)
+               if (load_result->user_stack_size == 0) {
+                       proc_list_lock();
+                       load_result->user_stack_size = unix_stack_size(p);
+                       proc_list_unlock();
+                       prot_size = mach_vm_trunc_page(size - load_result->user_stack_size);
+               } else {
                        prot_size = PAGE_SIZE;
-               else
-                       prot_size = mach_vm_trunc_page(size - unix_stack_size(p));
+               }
+
+               prot_addr = addr;
                kr = mach_vm_protect(map,
-                                                        prot_addr,
-                                                        prot_size,
-                                                        FALSE,
-                                                        VM_PROT_NONE);
+                   prot_addr,
+                   prot_size,
+                   FALSE,
+                   VM_PROT_NONE);
                if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                       (void) mach_vm_deallocate(map, addr, size);
+                       (void)mach_vm_deallocate(map, addr, size);
                        return kr;
                }
        }
@@ -4400,24 +5224,24 @@ create_unix_stack(vm_map_t map, load_result_t* load_result,
  *             path                    NULL terminated path
  *
  * Returns:    KERN_SUCCESS            Success
- *             !KERN_SUCCESS           See execve/mac_execve for error codes
+ *             !KERN_SUCCESS           See execve/mac_execve for error codes
  *
  * Notes:      The process that is passed in is the first manufactured
  *             process on the system, and gets here via bsd_ast() firing
  *             for the first time.  This is done to ensure that bsd_init()
  *             has run to completion.
  *
- *             The address map of the first manufactured process is 32 bit.
- *             WHEN this becomes 64b, this code will fail; it needs to be
- *             made 64b capable.
+ *             The address map of the first manufactured process matches the
+ *             word width of the kernel. Once the self-exec completes, the
+ *             initproc might be different.
  */
 static int
 load_init_program_at_path(proc_t p, user_addr_t scratch_addr, const char* path)
 {
-       uint32_t argv[3];
-       uint32_t argc = 0;
        int retval[2];
+       int error;
        struct execve_args init_exec_args;
+       user_addr_t argv0 = USER_ADDR_NULL, argv1 = USER_ADDR_NULL;
 
        /*
         * Validate inputs and pre-conditions
@@ -4426,18 +5250,17 @@ load_init_program_at_path(proc_t p, user_addr_t scratch_addr, const char* path)
        assert(scratch_addr);
        assert(path);
 
-       if (IS_64BIT_PROCESS(p)) {
-               panic("Init against 64b primordial proc not implemented");
-       }
-
        /*
         * Copy out program name.
         */
        size_t path_length = strlen(path) + 1;
-       (void) copyout(path, scratch_addr, path_length);
+       argv0 = scratch_addr;
+       error = copyout(path, argv0, path_length);
+       if (error) {
+               return error;
+       }
 
-       argv[argc++] = (uint32_t)scratch_addr;
-       scratch_addr = USER_ADDR_ALIGN(scratch_addr + path_length, 16);
+       scratch_addr = USER_ADDR_ALIGN(scratch_addr + path_length, sizeof(user_addr_t));
 
        /*
         * Put out first (and only) argument, similarly.
@@ -4445,28 +5268,45 @@ load_init_program_at_path(proc_t p, user_addr_t scratch_addr, const char* path)
         */
        if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
                const char *init_args = "-s";
-               size_t init_args_length = strlen(init_args)+1;
+               size_t init_args_length = strlen(init_args) + 1;
 
-               copyout(init_args, scratch_addr, init_args_length);
+               argv1 = scratch_addr;
+               error = copyout(init_args, argv1, init_args_length);
+               if (error) {
+                       return error;
+               }
 
-               argv[argc++] = (uint32_t)scratch_addr;
-               scratch_addr = USER_ADDR_ALIGN(scratch_addr + init_args_length, 16);
+               scratch_addr = USER_ADDR_ALIGN(scratch_addr + init_args_length, sizeof(user_addr_t));
        }
 
-       /*
-        * Null-end the argument list
-        */
-       argv[argc] = 0;
-       
-       /*
-        * Copy out the argument list.
-        */
-       (void) copyout(argv, scratch_addr, sizeof(argv));
+       if (proc_is64bit(p)) {
+               user64_addr_t argv64bit[3] = {};
+
+               argv64bit[0] = argv0;
+               argv64bit[1] = argv1;
+               argv64bit[2] = USER_ADDR_NULL;
+
+               error = copyout(argv64bit, scratch_addr, sizeof(argv64bit));
+               if (error) {
+                       return error;
+               }
+       } else {
+               user32_addr_t argv32bit[3] = {};
+
+               argv32bit[0] = (user32_addr_t)argv0;
+               argv32bit[1] = (user32_addr_t)argv1;
+               argv32bit[2] = USER_ADDR_NULL;
+
+               error = copyout(argv32bit, scratch_addr, sizeof(argv32bit));
+               if (error) {
+                       return error;
+               }
+       }
 
        /*
         * Set up argument block for fake call to execve.
         */
-       init_exec_args.fname = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(argv[0]);
+       init_exec_args.fname = argv0;
        init_exec_args.argp = scratch_addr;
        init_exec_args.envp = USER_ADDR_NULL;
 
@@ -4483,7 +5323,6 @@ static const char * init_programs[] = {
        "/usr/local/sbin/launchd.debug",
 #endif
 #if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
-       /* Remove DEBUG conditional when <rdar://problem/17931977> is fixed */
        "/usr/local/sbin/launchd.development",
 #endif
        "/sbin/launchd",
@@ -4509,9 +5348,6 @@ static const char * init_programs[] = {
  *             the kcsuffix boot-arg, setting launchdsuffix to "" or "release"
  *             will force /sbin/launchd to be selected.
  *
- *             The DEBUG kernel will continue to check for a .development
- *             version until <rdar://problem/17931977> is fixed.
- *
  *              Search order by build:
  *
  * DEBUG       DEVELOPMENT     RELEASE         PATH
@@ -4526,12 +5362,14 @@ load_init_program(proc_t p)
 {
        uint32_t i;
        int error;
-       vm_offset_t scratch_addr = VM_MIN_ADDRESS;
+       vm_map_t map = current_map();
+       mach_vm_offset_t scratch_addr = 0;
+       mach_vm_size_t map_page_size = vm_map_page_size(map);
 
-       (void) vm_allocate(current_map(), &scratch_addr, PAGE_SIZE, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
-#if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS && CONFIG_JETSAM
+       (void) mach_vm_allocate_kernel(map, &scratch_addr, map_page_size, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE);
+#if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS
        (void) memorystatus_init_at_boot_snapshot();
-#endif /* CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS && CONFIG_JETSAM */
+#endif /* CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS */
 
 #if DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT
        /* Check for boot-arg suffix first */
@@ -4539,35 +5377,43 @@ load_init_program(proc_t p)
        if (PE_parse_boot_argn("launchdsuffix", launchd_suffix, sizeof(launchd_suffix))) {
                char launchd_path[128];
                boolean_t is_release_suffix = ((launchd_suffix[0] == 0) ||
-                                              (strcmp(launchd_suffix, "release") == 0));
+                   (strcmp(launchd_suffix, "release") == 0));
 
                if (is_release_suffix) {
-                       error = load_init_program_at_path(p, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(scratch_addr), "/sbin/launchd");
-                       if (!error)
+                       printf("load_init_program: attempting to load /sbin/launchd\n");
+                       error = load_init_program_at_path(p, (user_addr_t)scratch_addr, "/sbin/launchd");
+                       if (!error) {
                                return;
+                       }
 
                        panic("Process 1 exec of launchd.release failed, errno %d", error);
                } else {
                        strlcpy(launchd_path, "/usr/local/sbin/launchd.", sizeof(launchd_path));
                        strlcat(launchd_path, launchd_suffix, sizeof(launchd_path));
 
-                       /* All the error data is lost in the loop below, don't
-                        * attempt to save it. */
-                       if (!load_init_program_at_path(p, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(scratch_addr), launchd_path)) {
+                       printf("load_init_program: attempting to load %s\n", launchd_path);
+                       error = load_init_program_at_path(p, (user_addr_t)scratch_addr, launchd_path);
+                       if (!error) {
                                return;
+                       } else {
+                               printf("load_init_program: failed loading %s: errno %d\n", launchd_path, error);
                        }
                }
        }
 #endif
 
        error = ENOENT;
-       for (i = 0; i < sizeof(init_programs)/sizeof(init_programs[0]); i++) {
-               error = load_init_program_at_path(p, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(scratch_addr), init_programs[i]);
-               if (!error)
+       for (i = 0; i < sizeof(init_programs) / sizeof(init_programs[0]); i++) {
+               printf("load_init_program: attempting to load %s\n", init_programs[i]);
+               error = load_init_program_at_path(p, (user_addr_t)scratch_addr, init_programs[i]);
+               if (!error) {
                        return;
+               } else {
+                       printf("load_init_program: failed loading %s: errno %d\n", init_programs[i], error);
+               }
        }
 
-       panic("Process 1 exec of %s failed, errno %d", ((i == 0) ? "<null>" : init_programs[i-1]), error);
+       panic("Process 1 exec of %s failed, errno %d", ((i == 0) ? "<null>" : init_programs[i - 1]), error);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4589,15 +5435,17 @@ load_init_program(proc_t p)
  *             EIO                     An I/O error occurred
  *             EBADEXEC                The executable is corrupt/unknown
  */
-static int 
+static int
 load_return_to_errno(load_return_t lrtn)
 {
        switch (lrtn) {
        case LOAD_SUCCESS:
                return 0;
        case LOAD_BADARCH:
+       case LOAD_BADARCH_X86:
                return EBADARCH;
        case LOAD_BADMACHO:
+       case LOAD_BADMACHO_UPX:
                return EBADMACHO;
        case LOAD_SHLIB:
                return ESHLIBVERS;
@@ -4662,29 +5510,34 @@ static int execargs_waiters = 0;
 lck_mtx_t *execargs_cache_lock;
 
 static void
-execargs_lock_lock(void) {
+execargs_lock_lock(void)
+{
        lck_mtx_lock_spin(execargs_cache_lock);
 }
 
 static void
-execargs_lock_unlock(void) {
+execargs_lock_unlock(void)
+{
        lck_mtx_unlock(execargs_cache_lock);
 }
 
 static wait_result_t
-execargs_lock_sleep(void) {
-       return(lck_mtx_sleep(execargs_cache_lock, LCK_SLEEP_DEFAULT, &execargs_free_count, THREAD_INTERRUPTIBLE));
+execargs_lock_sleep(void)
+{
+       return lck_mtx_sleep(execargs_cache_lock, LCK_SLEEP_DEFAULT, &execargs_free_count, THREAD_INTERRUPTIBLE);
 }
 
 static kern_return_t
-execargs_purgeable_allocate(char **execarg_address) {
-       kern_return_t kr = vm_allocate(bsd_pageable_map, (vm_offset_t *)execarg_address, BSD_PAGEABLE_SIZE_PER_EXEC, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE | VM_FLAGS_PURGABLE);
+execargs_purgeable_allocate(char **execarg_address)
+{
+       kern_return_t kr = vm_allocate_kernel(bsd_pageable_map, (vm_offset_t *)execarg_address, BSD_PAGEABLE_SIZE_PER_EXEC, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE | VM_FLAGS_PURGABLE, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE);
        assert(kr == KERN_SUCCESS);
        return kr;
 }
 
 static kern_return_t
-execargs_purgeable_reference(void *execarg_address) {
+execargs_purgeable_reference(void *execarg_address)
+{
        int state = VM_PURGABLE_NONVOLATILE;
        kern_return_t kr = vm_purgable_control(bsd_pageable_map, (vm_offset_t) execarg_address, VM_PURGABLE_SET_STATE, &state);
 
@@ -4693,7 +5546,8 @@ execargs_purgeable_reference(void *execarg_address) {
 }
 
 static kern_return_t
-execargs_purgeable_volatilize(void *execarg_address) {
+execargs_purgeable_volatilize(void *execarg_address)
+{
        int state = VM_PURGABLE_VOLATILE | VM_PURGABLE_ORDERING_OBSOLETE;
        kern_return_t kr;
        kr = vm_purgable_control(bsd_pageable_map, (vm_offset_t) execarg_address, VM_PURGABLE_SET_STATE, &state);
@@ -4704,7 +5558,8 @@ execargs_purgeable_volatilize(void *execarg_address) {
 }
 
 static void
-execargs_wakeup_waiters(void) {
+execargs_wakeup_waiters(void)
+{
        thread_wakeup(&execargs_free_count);
 }
 
@@ -4723,7 +5578,7 @@ execargs_alloc(struct image_params *imgp)
                execargs_waiters--;
                if (res != THREAD_AWAKENED) {
                        execargs_lock_unlock();
-                       return (EINTR);
+                       return EINTR;
                }
        }
 
@@ -4742,25 +5597,25 @@ execargs_alloc(struct image_params *imgp)
        assert(execargs_free_count >= 0);
 
        execargs_lock_unlock();
-       
+
        if (cache_index == -1) {
                kret = execargs_purgeable_allocate(&imgp->ip_strings);
-       }
-       else
+       } else {
                kret = execargs_purgeable_reference(imgp->ip_strings);
+       }
 
        assert(kret == KERN_SUCCESS);
        if (kret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-               return (ENOMEM);
+               return ENOMEM;
        }
 
        /* last page used to read in file headers */
-       imgp->ip_vdata = imgp->ip_strings + ( NCARGS + PAGE_SIZE );
+       imgp->ip_vdata = imgp->ip_strings + (NCARGS + PAGE_SIZE);
        imgp->ip_strendp = imgp->ip_strings;
        imgp->ip_argspace = NCARGS;
-       imgp->ip_strspace = ( NCARGS + PAGE_SIZE );
+       imgp->ip_strspace = (NCARGS + PAGE_SIZE);
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4782,7 +5637,7 @@ execargs_free(struct image_params *imgp)
        kern_return_t kret;
        int i;
        boolean_t needs_wakeup = FALSE;
-       
+
        kret = execargs_purgeable_volatilize(imgp->ip_strings);
 
        execargs_lock_lock();
@@ -4799,15 +5654,17 @@ execargs_free(struct image_params *imgp)
 
        assert(imgp->ip_strings == NULL);
 
-       if (execargs_waiters > 0)
+       if (execargs_waiters > 0) {
                needs_wakeup = TRUE;
-       
+       }
+
        execargs_lock_unlock();
 
-       if (needs_wakeup == TRUE)
+       if (needs_wakeup == TRUE) {
                execargs_wakeup_waiters();
+       }
 
-       return ((kret == KERN_SUCCESS ? 0 : EINVAL));
+       return kret == KERN_SUCCESS ? 0 : EINVAL;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -4821,8 +5678,9 @@ exec_resettextvp(proc_t p, struct image_params *imgp)
        vp = imgp->ip_vp;
        offset = imgp->ip_arch_offset;
 
-       if (vp == NULLVP)
+       if (vp == NULLVP) {
                panic("exec_resettextvp: expected valid vp");
+       }
 
        ret = vnode_ref(vp);
        proc_lock(p);
@@ -4830,83 +5688,47 @@ exec_resettextvp(proc_t p, struct image_params *imgp)
                p->p_textvp = vp;
                p->p_textoff = offset;
        } else {
-               p->p_textvp = NULLVP;   /* this is paranoia */
+               p->p_textvp = NULLVP;   /* this is paranoia */
                p->p_textoff = 0;
        }
        proc_unlock(p);
 
-       if ( tvp != NULLVP) {
+       if (tvp != NULLVP) {
                if (vnode_getwithref(tvp) == 0) {
                        vnode_rele(tvp);
                        vnode_put(tvp);
                }
-       }       
-
+       }
 }
 
-/*
- * If the process is not signed or if it contains entitlements, we
- * need to communicate through the task_access_port to taskgated.
- *
- * taskgated will provide a detached code signature if present, and
- * will enforce any restrictions on entitlements.
- */
+// Includes the 0-byte (therefore "SIZE" instead of "LEN").
+static const size_t CS_CDHASH_STRING_SIZE = CS_CDHASH_LEN * 2 + 1;
 
-static boolean_t
-taskgated_required(proc_t p, boolean_t *require_success)
+static void
+cdhash_to_string(char str[CS_CDHASH_STRING_SIZE], uint8_t const * const cdhash)
 {
-       size_t length;
-       void *blob;
-       int error;
-
-       if (cs_debug > 2)
-               csvnode_print_debug(p->p_textvp);
-
-       const int can_skip_taskgated = csproc_get_platform_binary(p) && !csproc_get_platform_path(p);
-       if (can_skip_taskgated) {
-               if (cs_debug) printf("taskgated not required for: %s\n", p->p_name);
-               *require_success = FALSE;
-               return FALSE;
-       }
-
-       if ((p->p_csflags & CS_VALID) == 0) {
-               *require_success = FALSE;
-               return TRUE;
-       }
+       static char const nibble[] = "0123456789abcdef";
 
-       error = cs_entitlements_blob_get(p, &blob, &length);
-       if (error == 0 && blob != NULL) {
-               /*
-                * fatal on the desktop when entitlements are present,
-                * unless we started in single-user mode 
-                */
-               if ((boothowto & RB_SINGLE) == 0)
-                       *require_success = TRUE;
-               /*
-                * Allow initproc to run without causing taskgated to launch
-                */
-               if (p == initproc) {
-                       *require_success = FALSE;
-                       return FALSE;
-               }
-
-               if (cs_debug) printf("taskgated required for: %s\n", p->p_name);
-
-               return TRUE;
+       /* Apparently still the safest way to get a hex representation
+        * of binary data.
+        * xnu's printf routines have %*D/%20D in theory, but "not really", see:
+        * <rdar://problem/33328859> confusion around %*D/%nD in printf
+        */
+       for (int i = 0; i < CS_CDHASH_LEN; ++i) {
+               str[i * 2] = nibble[(cdhash[i] & 0xf0) >> 4];
+               str[i * 2 + 1] = nibble[cdhash[i] & 0x0f];
        }
-
-       *require_success = FALSE;
-       return FALSE;
+       str[CS_CDHASH_STRING_SIZE - 1] = 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * __EXEC_WAITING_ON_TASKGATED_CODE_SIGNATURE_UPCALL__
- * 
+ *
  * Description: Waits for the userspace daemon to respond to the request
- *             we made. Function declared non inline to be visible in
+ *              we made. Function declared non inline to be visible in
  *             stackshots and spindumps as well as debugging.
  */
-__attribute__((noinline)) int 
+__attribute__((noinline)) int
 __EXEC_WAITING_ON_TASKGATED_CODE_SIGNATURE_UPCALL__(mach_port_t task_access_port, int32_t new_pid)
 {
        return find_code_signature(task_access_port, new_pid);
@@ -4919,10 +5741,11 @@ check_for_signature(proc_t p, struct image_params *imgp)
        kern_return_t kr = KERN_FAILURE;
        int error = EACCES;
        boolean_t unexpected_failure = FALSE;
-       unsigned char hash[SHA1_RESULTLEN];
+       struct cs_blob *csb;
        boolean_t require_success = FALSE;
        int spawn = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_SPAWN);
        int vfexec = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_VFORK_EXEC);
+       os_reason_t signature_failure_reason = OS_REASON_NULL;
 
        /*
         * Override inherited code signing flags with the
@@ -4934,40 +5757,59 @@ check_for_signature(proc_t p, struct image_params *imgp)
        proc_unlock(p);
 
        /* Set the switch_protect flag on the map */
-       if(p->p_csflags & (CS_HARD|CS_KILL)) {
+       if (p->p_csflags & (CS_HARD | CS_KILL)) {
                vm_map_switch_protect(get_task_map(p->task), TRUE);
        }
-       
+
        /*
         * image activation may be failed due to policy
         * which is unexpected but security framework does not
         * approve of exec, kill and return immediately.
         */
        if (imgp->ip_mac_return != 0) {
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                   p->p_pid, OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_SECURITY_POLICY, 0, 0);
+               signature_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_SECURITY_POLICY);
                error = imgp->ip_mac_return;
                unexpected_failure = TRUE;
                goto done;
        }
 
-       /* check if callout to taskgated is needed */
-       if (!taskgated_required(p, &require_success)) {
+       if (imgp->ip_cs_error != OS_REASON_NULL) {
+               signature_failure_reason = imgp->ip_cs_error;
+               imgp->ip_cs_error = OS_REASON_NULL;
+               error = EACCES;
+               goto done;
+       }
+
+       /* If the code signature came through the image activation path, we skip the
+        * taskgated / externally attached path. */
+       if (imgp->ip_csflags & CS_SIGNED) {
                error = 0;
                goto done;
        }
 
+       /* The rest of the code is for signatures that either already have been externally
+        * attached (likely, but not necessarily by a previous run through the taskgated
+        * path), or that will now be attached by taskgated. */
+
        kr = task_get_task_access_port(p->task, &port);
        if (KERN_SUCCESS != kr || !IPC_PORT_VALID(port)) {
                error = 0;
-               if (require_success)
+               if (require_success) {
+                       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                           p->p_pid, OS_REASON_CODESIGNING, CODESIGNING_EXIT_REASON_TASK_ACCESS_PORT, 0, 0);
+                       signature_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_CODESIGNING, CODESIGNING_EXIT_REASON_TASK_ACCESS_PORT);
                        error = EACCES;
+               }
                goto done;
        }
 
        /*
         * taskgated returns KERN_SUCCESS if it has completed its work
-        * and the exec should continue, KERN_FAILURE if the exec should 
-        * fail, or it may error out with different error code in an 
-        * event of mig failure (e.g. process was signalled during the 
+        * and the exec should continue, KERN_FAILURE if the exec should
+        * fail, or it may error out with different error code in an
+        * event of mig failure (e.g. process was signalled during the
         * rpc call, taskgated died, mig server died etc.).
         */
 
@@ -4978,38 +5820,93 @@ check_for_signature(proc_t p, struct image_params *imgp)
                break;
        case KERN_FAILURE:
                error = EACCES;
+
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                   p->p_pid, OS_REASON_CODESIGNING, CODESIGNING_EXIT_REASON_TASKGATED_INVALID_SIG, 0, 0);
+               signature_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_CODESIGNING, CODESIGNING_EXIT_REASON_TASKGATED_INVALID_SIG);
                goto done;
        default:
                error = EACCES;
+
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                   p->p_pid, OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_TASKGATED_OTHER, 0, 0);
+               signature_failure_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_EXEC, EXEC_EXIT_REASON_TASKGATED_OTHER);
                unexpected_failure = TRUE;
                goto done;
        }
 
        /* Only do this if exec_resettextvp() did not fail */
        if (p->p_textvp != NULLVP) {
-               /*
-                * If there's a new code directory, mark this process
-                * as signed.
-                */
-               if (0 == ubc_cs_getcdhash(p->p_textvp, p->p_textoff, hash)) {
-                       proc_lock(p);
-                       p->p_csflags |= CS_VALID;
-                       proc_unlock(p);
+               csb = ubc_cs_blob_get(p->p_textvp, -1, p->p_textoff);
+
+               if (csb != NULL) {
+                       /* As the enforcement we can do here is very limited, we only allow things that
+                        * are the only reason why this code path still exists:
+                        * Adhoc signed non-platform binaries without special cs_flags and without any
+                        * entitlements (unrestricted ones still pass AMFI). */
+                       if (
+                               /* Revalidate the blob if necessary through bumped generation count. */
+                               (ubc_cs_generation_check(p->p_textvp) == 0 ||
+                               ubc_cs_blob_revalidate(p->p_textvp, csb, imgp, 0) == 0) &&
+                               /* Only CS_ADHOC, no CS_KILL, CS_HARD etc. */
+                               (csb->csb_flags & CS_ALLOWED_MACHO) == CS_ADHOC &&
+                               /* If it has a CMS blob, it's not adhoc. The CS_ADHOC flag can lie. */
+                               csblob_find_blob_bytes((const uint8_t *)csb->csb_mem_kaddr, csb->csb_mem_size,
+                               CSSLOT_SIGNATURESLOT,
+                               CSMAGIC_BLOBWRAPPER) == NULL &&
+                               /* It could still be in a trust cache (unlikely with CS_ADHOC), or a magic path. */
+                               csb->csb_platform_binary == 0 &&
+                               /* No entitlements, not even unrestricted ones. */
+                               csb->csb_entitlements_blob == NULL) {
+                               proc_lock(p);
+                               p->p_csflags |= CS_SIGNED | CS_VALID;
+                               proc_unlock(p);
+                       } else {
+                               uint8_t cdhash[CS_CDHASH_LEN];
+                               char cdhash_string[CS_CDHASH_STRING_SIZE];
+                               proc_getcdhash(p, cdhash);
+                               cdhash_to_string(cdhash_string, cdhash);
+                               printf("ignoring detached code signature on '%s' with cdhash '%s' "
+                                   "because it is invalid, or not a simple adhoc signature.\n",
+                                   p->p_name, cdhash_string);
+                       }
                }
        }
 
 done:
-       if (0 != error) {
-               if (!unexpected_failure)
+       if (0 == error) {
+               /* The process's code signature related properties are
+                * fully set up, so this is an opportune moment to log
+                * platform binary execution, if desired. */
+               if (platform_exec_logging != 0 && csproc_get_platform_binary(p)) {
+                       uint8_t cdhash[CS_CDHASH_LEN];
+                       char cdhash_string[CS_CDHASH_STRING_SIZE];
+                       proc_getcdhash(p, cdhash);
+                       cdhash_to_string(cdhash_string, cdhash);
+
+                       os_log(peLog, "CS Platform Exec Logging: Executing platform signed binary "
+                           "'%s' with cdhash %s\n", p->p_name, cdhash_string);
+               }
+       } else {
+               if (!unexpected_failure) {
                        p->p_csflags |= CS_KILLED;
+               }
                /* make very sure execution fails */
                if (vfexec || spawn) {
-                       psignal_vfork(p, p->task, imgp->ip_new_thread, SIGKILL);
+                       assert(signature_failure_reason != OS_REASON_NULL);
+                       psignal_vfork_with_reason(p, p->task, imgp->ip_new_thread,
+                           SIGKILL, signature_failure_reason);
+                       signature_failure_reason = OS_REASON_NULL;
                        error = 0;
                } else {
-                       psignal(p, SIGKILL);
+                       assert(signature_failure_reason != OS_REASON_NULL);
+                       psignal_with_reason(p, SIGKILL, signature_failure_reason);
+                       signature_failure_reason = OS_REASON_NULL;
                }
        }
+
+       /* If we hit this, we likely would have leaked an exit reason */
+       assert(signature_failure_reason == OS_REASON_NULL);
        return error;
 }
 
@@ -5023,7 +5920,8 @@ done:
  * in the process' page tables, we prefault some pages if
  * possible. Errors are non-fatal.
  */
-static void exec_prefault_data(proc_t p __unused, struct image_params *imgp, load_result_t *load_result)
+static void
+exec_prefault_data(proc_t p __unused, struct image_params *imgp, load_result_t *load_result)
 {
        int ret;
        size_t expected_all_image_infos_size;
@@ -5032,13 +5930,13 @@ static void exec_prefault_data(proc_t p __unused, struct image_params *imgp, loa
         * Prefault executable or dyld entry point.
         */
        vm_fault(current_map(),
-                vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->entry_point,
-                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
-                VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
-                FALSE,
-                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
-       
-       if (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT) {
+           vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->entry_point,
+           vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+           VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
+           FALSE, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE,
+           THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+
+       if (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT_ADDR) {
                expected_all_image_infos_size = sizeof(struct user64_dyld_all_image_infos);
        } else {
                expected_all_image_infos_size = sizeof(struct user32_dyld_all_image_infos);
@@ -5046,11 +5944,11 @@ static void exec_prefault_data(proc_t p __unused, struct image_params *imgp, loa
 
        /* Decode dyld anchor structure from <mach-o/dyld_images.h> */
        if (load_result->dynlinker &&
-               load_result->all_image_info_addr &&
-               load_result->all_image_info_size >= expected_all_image_infos_size) {
+           load_result->all_image_info_addr &&
+           load_result->all_image_info_size >= expected_all_image_infos_size) {
                union {
-                       struct user64_dyld_all_image_infos      infos64;
-                       struct user32_dyld_all_image_infos      infos32;
+                       struct user64_dyld_all_image_infos      infos64;
+                       struct user32_dyld_all_image_infos      infos32;
                } all_image_infos;
 
                /*
@@ -5058,33 +5956,32 @@ static void exec_prefault_data(proc_t p __unused, struct image_params *imgp, loa
                 * and recovery path.
                 */
                vm_fault(current_map(),
-                        vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->all_image_info_addr,
-                                          vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
-                        VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
-                        FALSE,
-                        THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+                   vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->all_image_info_addr,
+                   vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                   VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
+                   FALSE, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE,
+                   THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
                if ((load_result->all_image_info_addr & PAGE_MASK) + expected_all_image_infos_size > PAGE_SIZE) {
                        /* all_image_infos straddles a page */
                        vm_fault(current_map(),
-                                vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->all_image_info_addr + expected_all_image_infos_size - 1,
-                                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
-                                VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
-                                FALSE,
-                                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+                           vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->all_image_info_addr + expected_all_image_infos_size - 1,
+                           vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                           VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
+                           FALSE, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE,
+                           THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
                }
 
                ret = copyin(load_result->all_image_info_addr,
-                                        &all_image_infos,
-                                        expected_all_image_infos_size);
-               if (ret == 0 && all_image_infos.infos32.version >= 9) {
-
+                   &all_image_infos,
+                   expected_all_image_infos_size);
+               if (ret == 0 && all_image_infos.infos32.version >= DYLD_ALL_IMAGE_INFOS_ADDRESS_MINIMUM_VERSION) {
                        user_addr_t notification_address;
                        user_addr_t dyld_image_address;
                        user_addr_t dyld_version_address;
                        user_addr_t dyld_all_image_infos_address;
                        user_addr_t dyld_slide_amount;
 
-                       if (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT) {
+                       if (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT_ADDR) {
                                notification_address = all_image_infos.infos64.notification;
                                dyld_image_address = all_image_infos.infos64.dyldImageLoadAddress;
                                dyld_version_address = all_image_infos.infos64.dyldVersion;
@@ -5113,38 +6010,38 @@ static void exec_prefault_data(proc_t p __unused, struct image_params *imgp, loa
 
 #if 0
                        kprintf("exec_prefault: 0x%016llx 0x%08x 0x%016llx 0x%016llx 0x%016llx 0x%016llx\n",
-                                       (uint64_t)load_result->all_image_info_addr,
-                                       all_image_infos.infos32.version,
-                                       (uint64_t)notification_address,
-                                       (uint64_t)dyld_image_address,
-                                       (uint64_t)dyld_version_address,
-                                       (uint64_t)dyld_all_image_infos_address);
+                           (uint64_t)load_result->all_image_info_addr,
+                           all_image_infos.infos32.version,
+                           (uint64_t)notification_address,
+                           (uint64_t)dyld_image_address,
+                           (uint64_t)dyld_version_address,
+                           (uint64_t)dyld_all_image_infos_address);
 #endif
 
                        vm_fault(current_map(),
-                                vm_map_trunc_page(notification_address + dyld_slide_amount,
-                                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
-                                VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
-                                FALSE,
-                                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+                           vm_map_trunc_page(notification_address + dyld_slide_amount,
+                           vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                           VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
+                           FALSE, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE,
+                           THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
                        vm_fault(current_map(),
-                                vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_image_address + dyld_slide_amount,
-                                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
-                                VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
-                                FALSE,
-                                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+                           vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_image_address + dyld_slide_amount,
+                           vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                           VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
+                           FALSE, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE,
+                           THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
                        vm_fault(current_map(),
-                                vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_version_address + dyld_slide_amount,
-                                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
-                                VM_PROT_READ,
-                                FALSE,
-                                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+                           vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_version_address + dyld_slide_amount,
+                           vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                           VM_PROT_READ,
+                           FALSE, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE,
+                           THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
                        vm_fault(current_map(),
-                                vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_all_image_infos_address + dyld_slide_amount,
-                                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
-                                VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
-                                FALSE,
-                                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+                           vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_all_image_infos_address + dyld_slide_amount,
+                           vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                           VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
+                           FALSE, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE,
+                           THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
                }
        }
 }