]> git.saurik.com Git - apple/xnu.git/blobdiff - bsd/netinet/flow_divert.c
xnu-3789.1.32.tar.gz
[apple/xnu.git] / bsd / netinet / flow_divert.c
index 76e29f8d607a50027fec5e7b0856e9db2c77a13b..a918039f2e1a8414db8aa5a79b0ac3e8f6736e7a 100644 (file)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012-2015 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012-2016 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
  *
  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
  * 
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@
 #include <dev/random/randomdev.h>
 #include <libkern/crypto/sha1.h>
 #include <libkern/crypto/crypto_internal.h>
+#include <os/log.h>
 
 #define FLOW_DIVERT_CONNECT_STARTED            0x00000001
 #define FLOW_DIVERT_READ_CLOSED                        0x00000002
 #define FLOW_DIVERT_TUNNEL_RD_CLOSED   0x00000008
 #define FLOW_DIVERT_TUNNEL_WR_CLOSED   0x00000010
 #define FLOW_DIVERT_TRANSFERRED                        0x00000020
+#define FLOW_DIVERT_HAS_HMAC            0x00000040
 
-#define FDLOG(level, pcb, format, ...) do {                                                                                    \
-       if (level <= (pcb)->log_level) {                                                                                                \
-               log((level > LOG_NOTICE ? LOG_NOTICE : level), "%s (%u): " format "\n", __FUNCTION__, (pcb)->hash, __VA_ARGS__);        \
-       }                                                                                                                                                               \
-} while (0)
+#define FDLOG(level, pcb, format, ...) \
+       os_log_with_type(OS_LOG_DEFAULT, flow_divert_syslog_type_to_oslog_type(level), "(%u): " format "\n", (pcb)->hash, __VA_ARGS__)
 
-#define FDLOG0(level, pcb, msg) do {                                                                                           \
-       if (level <= (pcb)->log_level) {                                                                                                \
-               log((level > LOG_NOTICE ? LOG_NOTICE : level), "%s (%u): %s\n", __FUNCTION__, (pcb)->hash, msg);                                \
-       }                                                                                                                                                               \
-} while (0)
+#define FDLOG0(level, pcb, msg) \
+       os_log_with_type(OS_LOG_DEFAULT, flow_divert_syslog_type_to_oslog_type(level), "(%u): " msg "\n", (pcb)->hash)
 
 #define FDRETAIN(pcb)                  if ((pcb) != NULL) OSIncrementAtomic(&(pcb)->ref_count)
 #define FDRELEASE(pcb)                                                                                                         \
@@ -94,7 +90,7 @@
 #define FDLOCK(pcb)                                            lck_mtx_lock(&(pcb)->mtx)
 #define FDUNLOCK(pcb)                                  lck_mtx_unlock(&(pcb)->mtx)
 
-#define FD_CTL_SENDBUFF_SIZE                   (2 * FLOW_DIVERT_CHUNK_SIZE)
+#define FD_CTL_SENDBUFF_SIZE                   (128 * 1024)
 #define FD_CTL_RCVBUFF_SIZE                            (128 * 1024)
 
 #define GROUP_BIT_CTL_ENQUEUE_BLOCKED  0
 #define GROUP_COUNT_MAX                                        32
 #define FLOW_DIVERT_MAX_NAME_SIZE              4096
 #define FLOW_DIVERT_MAX_KEY_SIZE               1024
-
-#define DNS_SERVICE_GROUP_UNIT                 (GROUP_COUNT_MAX + 1)
+#define FLOW_DIVERT_MAX_TRIE_MEMORY            (1024 * 1024)
 
 struct flow_divert_trie_node
 {
        uint16_t start;
        uint16_t length;
        uint16_t child_map;
-       uint32_t group_unit;
-};
-
-struct flow_divert_trie
-{
-       struct flow_divert_trie_node *nodes;
-       uint16_t *child_maps;
-       uint8_t *bytes;
-       void *memory;
-       size_t nodes_count;
-       size_t child_maps_count;
-       size_t bytes_count;
-       size_t nodes_free_next;
-       size_t child_maps_free_next;
-       size_t bytes_free_next;
-       uint16_t root;
 };
 
 #define CHILD_MAP_SIZE                 256
@@ -139,7 +118,6 @@ static struct flow_divert_pcb               nil_pcb;
 decl_lck_rw_data(static, g_flow_divert_group_lck);
 static struct flow_divert_group                **g_flow_divert_groups                  = NULL;
 static uint32_t                                                g_active_group_count                    = 0;
-static struct flow_divert_trie         g_signing_id_trie;
 
 static lck_grp_attr_t                          *flow_divert_grp_attr                   = NULL;
 static lck_attr_t                                      *flow_divert_mtx_attr                   = NULL;
@@ -185,6 +163,17 @@ flow_divert_has_pcb_local_address(const struct inpcb *inp);
 static void
 flow_divert_disconnect_socket(struct socket *so);
 
+static inline uint8_t
+flow_divert_syslog_type_to_oslog_type(int syslog_type)
+{
+       switch (syslog_type) {
+               case LOG_ERR: return OS_LOG_TYPE_ERROR;
+               case LOG_INFO: return OS_LOG_TYPE_INFO;
+               case LOG_DEBUG: return OS_LOG_TYPE_DEBUG;
+               default: return OS_LOG_TYPE_DEFAULT;
+       }
+}
+
 static inline int
 flow_divert_pcb_cmp(const struct flow_divert_pcb *pcb_a, const struct flow_divert_pcb *pcb_b)
 {
@@ -210,8 +199,6 @@ flow_divert_packet_type2str(uint8_t packet_type)
                        return "read notification";
                case FLOW_DIVERT_PKT_PROPERTIES_UPDATE:
                        return "properties update";
-               case FLOW_DIVERT_PKT_APP_MAP_UPDATE:
-                       return "app map update";
                case FLOW_DIVERT_PKT_APP_MAP_CREATE:
                        return "app map create";
                default:
@@ -353,6 +340,12 @@ flow_divert_pcb_destroy(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb)
        if (fd_cb->connect_token != NULL) {
                mbuf_freem(fd_cb->connect_token);
        }
+       if (fd_cb->connect_packet != NULL) {
+               mbuf_freem(fd_cb->connect_packet);
+       }
+       if (fd_cb->app_data != NULL) {
+               FREE(fd_cb->app_data, M_TEMP);
+       }
        FREE_ZONE(fd_cb, sizeof(*fd_cb), M_FLOW_DIVERT_PCB);
 }
 
@@ -411,7 +404,7 @@ flow_divert_packet_append_tlv(mbuf_t packet, uint8_t type, uint32_t length, cons
 
        error = mbuf_copyback(packet, mbuf_pkthdr_len(packet), sizeof(net_length), &net_length, MBUF_DONTWAIT);
        if (error) {
-               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "failed to append the length (%lu)", length);
+               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "failed to append the length (%u)", length);
                return error;
        }
 
@@ -838,17 +831,106 @@ flow_divert_trie_search(struct flow_divert_trie *trie, uint8_t *string_bytes)
        return NULL_TRIE_IDX;
 }
 
+struct uuid_search_info {
+       uuid_t target_uuid;
+       char *found_signing_id;
+       boolean_t found_multiple_signing_ids;
+       proc_t found_proc;
+};
+
+static int
+flow_divert_find_proc_by_uuid_callout(proc_t p, void *arg)
+{
+       struct uuid_search_info *info = (struct uuid_search_info *)arg;
+       int result = PROC_RETURNED_DONE; /* By default, we didn't find the process */
+
+       if (info->found_signing_id != NULL) {
+               if (!info->found_multiple_signing_ids) {
+                       /* All processes that were found had the same signing identifier, so just claim this first one and be done. */
+                       info->found_proc = p;
+                       result = PROC_CLAIMED_DONE;
+               } else {
+                       uuid_string_t uuid_str;
+                       uuid_unparse(info->target_uuid, uuid_str);
+                       FDLOG(LOG_WARNING, &nil_pcb, "Found multiple processes with UUID %s with different signing identifiers", uuid_str);
+               }
+               FREE(info->found_signing_id, M_TEMP);
+               info->found_signing_id = NULL;
+       }
+
+       if (result == PROC_RETURNED_DONE) {
+               uuid_string_t uuid_str;
+               uuid_unparse(info->target_uuid, uuid_str);
+               FDLOG(LOG_WARNING, &nil_pcb, "Failed to find a process with UUID %s", uuid_str);
+       }
+
+       return result;
+}
+
 static int
-flow_divert_get_src_proc(struct socket *so, proc_t *proc, boolean_t match_delegate)
+flow_divert_find_proc_by_uuid_filter(proc_t p, void *arg)
+{
+       struct uuid_search_info *info = (struct uuid_search_info *)arg;
+       int include = 0;
+
+       if (info->found_multiple_signing_ids) {
+               return include;
+       }
+
+       include = (uuid_compare(p->p_uuid, info->target_uuid) == 0);
+       if (include) {
+               const char *signing_id = cs_identity_get(p);
+               if (signing_id != NULL) {
+                       FDLOG(LOG_INFO, &nil_pcb, "Found process %d with signing identifier %s", p->p_pid, signing_id);
+                       size_t signing_id_size = strlen(signing_id) + 1;
+                       if (info->found_signing_id == NULL) {
+                               MALLOC(info->found_signing_id, char *, signing_id_size, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+                               memcpy(info->found_signing_id, signing_id, signing_id_size);
+                       } else if (memcmp(signing_id, info->found_signing_id, signing_id_size)) {
+                               info->found_multiple_signing_ids = TRUE;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       info->found_multiple_signing_ids = TRUE;
+               }
+               include = !info->found_multiple_signing_ids;
+       }
+
+       return include;
+}
+
+static proc_t
+flow_divert_find_proc_by_uuid(uuid_t uuid)
+{
+       struct uuid_search_info info;
+
+       if (LOG_INFO <= nil_pcb.log_level) {
+               uuid_string_t uuid_str;
+               uuid_unparse(uuid, uuid_str);
+               FDLOG(LOG_INFO, &nil_pcb, "Looking for process with UUID %s", uuid_str);
+       }
+
+       memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+       info.found_proc = PROC_NULL;
+       uuid_copy(info.target_uuid, uuid);
+
+       proc_iterate(PROC_ALLPROCLIST, flow_divert_find_proc_by_uuid_callout, &info, flow_divert_find_proc_by_uuid_filter, &info);
+
+       return info.found_proc;
+}
+
+static int
+flow_divert_get_src_proc(struct socket *so, proc_t *proc)
 {
        int release = 0;
 
-       if (!match_delegate && 
-           (so->so_flags & SOF_DELEGATED) &&
-           (*proc == PROC_NULL || (*proc)->p_pid != so->e_pid))
-       {
-               *proc = proc_find(so->e_pid);
-               release = 1;
+       if (so->so_flags & SOF_DELEGATED) {
+               if ((*proc)->p_pid != so->e_pid) {
+                       *proc = proc_find(so->e_pid);
+                       release = 1;
+               } else if (uuid_compare((*proc)->p_uuid, so->e_uuid)) {
+                       *proc = flow_divert_find_proc_by_uuid(so->e_uuid);
+                       release = 1;
+               }
        } else if (*proc == PROC_NULL) {
                *proc = current_proc();
        }
@@ -902,10 +984,104 @@ flow_divert_send_packet(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, mbuf_t packet, Boolean en
 }
 
 static int
-flow_divert_send_connect(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, struct sockaddr *to, mbuf_t connect_packet)
+flow_divert_create_connect_packet(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, struct sockaddr *to, struct socket *so, proc_t p, mbuf_t *out_connect_packet)
 {
        int                             error                   = 0;
        int                             flow_type               = 0;
+       char                    *signing_id = NULL;
+       int                             free_signing_id = 0;
+       mbuf_t                  connect_packet = NULL;
+       proc_t                  src_proc = p;
+       int                             release_proc = 0;
+
+       error = flow_divert_packet_init(fd_cb, FLOW_DIVERT_PKT_CONNECT, &connect_packet);
+       if (error) {
+               goto done;
+       }
+
+       error = EPERM;
+
+       if (fd_cb->connect_token != NULL && (fd_cb->flags & FLOW_DIVERT_HAS_HMAC)) {
+               uint32_t sid_size = 0;
+               int find_error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(fd_cb->connect_token, 0, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, 0, NULL, &sid_size);
+               if (find_error == 0 && sid_size > 0) {
+                       MALLOC(signing_id, char *, sid_size + 1, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
+                       if (signing_id != NULL) {
+                               flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(fd_cb->connect_token, 0, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, sid_size, signing_id, NULL);
+                               FDLOG(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "Got %s from token", signing_id);
+                               free_signing_id = 1;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       socket_unlock(so, 0);
+
+       if (signing_id == NULL) {
+               release_proc = flow_divert_get_src_proc(so, &src_proc);
+               if (src_proc != PROC_NULL) {
+                       proc_lock(src_proc);
+                       if (src_proc->p_csflags & (CS_VALID|CS_DEBUGGED)) {
+                               const char * cs_id;
+                               cs_id = cs_identity_get(src_proc);
+                               signing_id = __DECONST(char *, cs_id);
+                       } else {
+                               FDLOG0(LOG_WARNING, fd_cb, "Signature is invalid");
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       FDLOG0(LOG_WARNING, fd_cb, "Failed to determine the current proc");
+               }
+       } else {
+               src_proc = PROC_NULL;
+       }
+
+       if (signing_id != NULL) {
+               uint16_t result = NULL_TRIE_IDX;
+               lck_rw_lock_shared(&fd_cb->group->lck);
+               result = flow_divert_trie_search(&fd_cb->group->signing_id_trie, (uint8_t *)signing_id);
+               lck_rw_done(&fd_cb->group->lck);
+               if (result != NULL_TRIE_IDX) {
+                       error = 0;
+                       FDLOG(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "%s matched", signing_id);
+
+                       error = flow_divert_packet_append_tlv(connect_packet, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, strlen(signing_id), signing_id);
+                       if (error == 0) {
+                               if (src_proc != PROC_NULL) {
+                                       unsigned char cdhash[SHA1_RESULTLEN];
+                                       error = proc_getcdhash(src_proc, cdhash);
+                                       if (error == 0) {
+                                               error = flow_divert_packet_append_tlv(connect_packet, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_CDHASH, sizeof(cdhash), cdhash);
+                                               if (error) {
+                                                       FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "failed to append the cdhash: %d", error);
+                                               }
+                                       } else {
+                                               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "failed to get the cdhash: %d", error);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "failed to append the signing ID: %d", error);
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       FDLOG(LOG_WARNING, fd_cb, "%s did not match", signing_id);
+               }
+       } else {
+               FDLOG0(LOG_WARNING, fd_cb, "Failed to get the code signing identity");
+       }
+
+       if (src_proc != PROC_NULL) {
+               proc_unlock(src_proc);
+               if (release_proc) {
+                       proc_rele(src_proc);
+               }
+       }
+       socket_lock(so, 0);
+
+       if (free_signing_id) {
+               FREE(signing_id, M_TEMP);
+       }
+
+       if (error) {
+               goto done;
+       }
 
        error = flow_divert_packet_append_tlv(connect_packet,
                                              FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_TRAFFIC_CLASS,
@@ -985,21 +1161,44 @@ flow_divert_send_connect(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, struct sockaddr *to, mbu
                }
        }
 
+       if (fd_cb->local_address != NULL) {
+               error = EALREADY;
+               goto done;
+       } else {
+               struct inpcb *inp = sotoinpcb(so);
+               if (flow_divert_has_pcb_local_address(inp)) {
+                       error = flow_divert_inp_to_sockaddr(inp, &fd_cb->local_address);
+                       if (error) {
+                               FDLOG0(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "failed to get the local socket address.");
+                               goto done;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
        if (fd_cb->local_address != NULL) {
                /* socket is bound. */
-                error = flow_divert_packet_append_tlv(connect_packet, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_LOCAL_ADDR,
-                                                       sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage), fd_cb->local_address);
-                if (error) {
-                        goto done;
-                }
-        }
+               error = flow_divert_packet_append_tlv(connect_packet, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_LOCAL_ADDR,
+                                                     sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage), fd_cb->local_address);
+               if (error) {
+                       goto done;
+               }
+       }
 
-       error = flow_divert_send_packet(fd_cb, connect_packet, TRUE);
-       if (error) {
-               goto done;
+       if (so->so_flags1 & SOF1_DATA_IDEMPOTENT) {
+               uint32_t flags = FLOW_DIVERT_TOKEN_FLAG_TFO;
+               error = flow_divert_packet_append_tlv(connect_packet, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_FLAGS, sizeof(flags), &flags);
+               if (error) {
+                       goto done;
+               }
        }
 
 done:
+       if (!error) {
+               *out_connect_packet = connect_packet;
+       } else if (connect_packet != NULL) {
+               mbuf_freem(connect_packet);
+       }
+
        return error;
 }
 
@@ -1248,7 +1447,7 @@ flow_divert_send_buffered_data(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, Boolean force)
                                }
                        }
                        data_len = mbuf_pkthdr_len(m);
-                       FDLOG(LOG_DEBUG, fd_cb, "mbuf_copym() data_len = %u", data_len);
+                       FDLOG(LOG_DEBUG, fd_cb, "mbuf_copym() data_len = %lu", data_len);
                        error = mbuf_copym(m, 0, data_len, MBUF_DONTWAIT, &data);
                        if (error) {
                                FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "mbuf_copym failed: %d", error);
@@ -1294,7 +1493,7 @@ flow_divert_send_app_data(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, mbuf_t data, struct soc
                size_t  sent            = 0;
                mbuf_t  remaining_data  = data;
                mbuf_t  pkt_data        = NULL;
-               while (sent < to_send) {
+               while (sent < to_send && remaining_data != NULL) {
                        size_t  pkt_data_len;
 
                        pkt_data = remaining_data;
@@ -1355,7 +1554,7 @@ flow_divert_send_app_data(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, mbuf_t data, struct soc
                if (to_send) {
                        error = flow_divert_send_data_packet(fd_cb, data, to_send, toaddr, FALSE);
                        if (error) {
-                               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "flow_divert_send_data_packet failed. send data size = %u", to_send);
+                               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "flow_divert_send_data_packet failed. send data size = %lu", to_send);
                        } else {
                                fd_cb->send_window -= to_send;
                        }
@@ -1458,6 +1657,7 @@ flow_divert_handle_connect_result(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, mbuf_t packet,
        int                                                     out_if_index            = 0;
        struct sockaddr_storage         remote_address;
        uint32_t                                        send_window;
+       uint32_t                                        app_data_length         = 0;
 
        memset(&local_address, 0, sizeof(local_address));
        memset(&remote_address, 0, sizeof(remote_address));
@@ -1478,32 +1678,37 @@ flow_divert_handle_connect_result(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, mbuf_t packet,
 
        error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_CTL_UNIT, sizeof(ctl_unit), &ctl_unit, NULL);
        if (error) {
-               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "failed to get the control unit: %d", error);
-               return;
+               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No control unit provided in the connect result");
        }
 
        error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_LOCAL_ADDR, sizeof(local_address), &local_address, NULL);
        if (error) {
-               FDLOG0(LOG_NOTICE, fd_cb, "No local address provided");
+               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No local address provided");
        }
 
        error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_REMOTE_ADDR, sizeof(remote_address), &remote_address, NULL);
        if (error) {
-               FDLOG0(LOG_NOTICE, fd_cb, "No remote address provided");
+               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No remote address provided");
        }
 
        error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_OUT_IF_INDEX, sizeof(out_if_index), &out_if_index, NULL);
        if (error) {
-               FDLOG0(LOG_NOTICE, fd_cb, "No output if index provided");
+               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No output if index provided");
        }
 
+       error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_APP_DATA, 0, NULL, &app_data_length);
+       if (error) {
+               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No application data provided in connect result");
+       }
+
+       error = 0;
        connect_error   = ntohl(connect_error);
        ctl_unit                = ntohl(ctl_unit);
 
        lck_rw_lock_shared(&g_flow_divert_group_lck);
 
-       if (connect_error == 0) {
-               if (ctl_unit == 0 || ctl_unit >= GROUP_COUNT_MAX) {
+       if (connect_error == 0 && ctl_unit > 0) {
+               if (ctl_unit >= GROUP_COUNT_MAX) {
                        FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "Connect result contains an invalid control unit: %u", ctl_unit);
                        error = EINVAL;
                } else if (g_flow_divert_groups == NULL || g_active_group_count == 0) {
@@ -1556,6 +1761,27 @@ flow_divert_handle_connect_result(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, mbuf_t packet,
                        goto set_socket_state;
                }
 
+               if (app_data_length > 0) {
+                       uint8_t *app_data = NULL;
+                       MALLOC(app_data, uint8_t *, app_data_length, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+                       if (app_data != NULL) {
+                               error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_APP_DATA, app_data_length, app_data, NULL);
+                               if (error == 0) {
+                                       FDLOG(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "Got %u bytes of app data from the connect result", app_data_length);
+                                       if (fd_cb->app_data != NULL) {
+                                               FREE(fd_cb->app_data, M_TEMP);
+                                       }
+                                       fd_cb->app_data = app_data;
+                                       fd_cb->app_data_length = app_data_length;
+                               } else {
+                                       FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "Failed to copy %u bytes of application data from the connect result packet", app_data_length);
+                                       FREE(app_data, M_TEMP);
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "Failed to allocate a buffer of size %u to hold the application data from the connect result", app_data_length);
+                       }
+               }
+
                ifnet_head_lock_shared();
                if (out_if_index > 0 && out_if_index <= if_index) {
                        ifp = ifindex2ifnet[out_if_index];
@@ -1577,23 +1803,24 @@ flow_divert_handle_connect_result(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, mbuf_t packet,
                        goto set_socket_state;
                }
 
-               old_group = fd_cb->group;
+               if (grp != NULL) {
+                       old_group = fd_cb->group;
 
-               lck_rw_lock_exclusive(&old_group->lck);
-               lck_rw_lock_exclusive(&grp->lck);
+                       lck_rw_lock_exclusive(&old_group->lck);
+                       lck_rw_lock_exclusive(&grp->lck);
 
-               RB_REMOVE(fd_pcb_tree, &old_group->pcb_tree, fd_cb);
-               if (RB_INSERT(fd_pcb_tree, &grp->pcb_tree, fd_cb) != NULL) {
-                       panic("group with unit %u already contains a connection with hash %u", grp->ctl_unit, fd_cb->hash);
-               }
+                       RB_REMOVE(fd_pcb_tree, &old_group->pcb_tree, fd_cb);
+                       if (RB_INSERT(fd_pcb_tree, &grp->pcb_tree, fd_cb) != NULL) {
+                               panic("group with unit %u already contains a connection with hash %u", grp->ctl_unit, fd_cb->hash);
+                       }
 
-               fd_cb->group = grp;
+                       fd_cb->group = grp;
 
-               lck_rw_done(&grp->lck);
-               lck_rw_done(&old_group->lck);
+                       lck_rw_done(&grp->lck);
+                       lck_rw_done(&old_group->lck);
+               }
 
                fd_cb->send_window = ntohl(send_window);
-               flow_divert_send_buffered_data(fd_cb, FALSE);
 
 set_socket_state:
                if (!connect_error && !error) {
@@ -1612,6 +1839,7 @@ set_socket_state:
                        }
                        flow_divert_disconnect_socket(fd_cb->so);
                } else {
+                       flow_divert_send_buffered_data(fd_cb, FALSE);
                        soisconnected(fd_cb->so);
                }
 
@@ -1821,7 +2049,7 @@ flow_divert_handle_group_init(struct flow_divert_group *group, mbuf_t packet, in
        }
 
        if (key_size == 0 || key_size > FLOW_DIVERT_MAX_KEY_SIZE) {
-               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "Invalid key size: %lu", key_size);
+               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "Invalid key size: %u", key_size);
                return;
        }
 
@@ -1854,6 +2082,7 @@ flow_divert_handle_properties_update(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, mbuf_t packe
        struct sockaddr_storage         local_address;
        int                                                     out_if_index            = 0;
        struct sockaddr_storage         remote_address;
+       uint32_t                                        app_data_length         = 0;
 
        FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "received a properties update");
 
@@ -1862,32 +2091,36 @@ flow_divert_handle_properties_update(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, mbuf_t packe
 
        error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_LOCAL_ADDR, sizeof(local_address), &local_address, NULL);
        if (error) {
-               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No local address provided");
+               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No local address provided in properties update");
        }
 
        error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_REMOTE_ADDR, sizeof(remote_address), &remote_address, NULL);
        if (error) {
-               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No remote address provided");
+               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No remote address provided in properties update");
        }
 
        error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_OUT_IF_INDEX, sizeof(out_if_index), &out_if_index, NULL);
        if (error) {
-               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No output if index provided");
+               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No output if index provided in properties update");
+       }
+
+       error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_APP_DATA, 0, NULL, &app_data_length);
+       if (error) {
+               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "No application data provided in properties update");
        }
 
        FDLOCK(fd_cb);
        if (fd_cb->so != NULL) {
-               struct inpcb                            *inp = NULL;
-               struct ifnet                            *ifp = NULL;
-
                socket_lock(fd_cb->so, 0);
 
-               inp = sotoinpcb(fd_cb->so);
-
                if (local_address.ss_family != 0) {
                        if (local_address.ss_len > sizeof(local_address)) {
                                local_address.ss_len = sizeof(local_address);
                        }
+                       if (fd_cb->local_address != NULL) {
+                               FREE(fd_cb->local_address, M_SONAME);
+                               fd_cb->local_address = NULL;
+                       }
                        fd_cb->local_address = dup_sockaddr((struct sockaddr *)&local_address, 1);
                }
 
@@ -1895,18 +2128,49 @@ flow_divert_handle_properties_update(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, mbuf_t packe
                        if (remote_address.ss_len > sizeof(remote_address)) {
                                remote_address.ss_len = sizeof(remote_address);
                        }
+                       if (fd_cb->remote_address != NULL) {
+                               FREE(fd_cb->remote_address, M_SONAME);
+                               fd_cb->remote_address = NULL;
+                       }
                        fd_cb->remote_address = dup_sockaddr((struct sockaddr *)&remote_address, 1);
                }
 
-               ifnet_head_lock_shared();
-               if (out_if_index > 0 && out_if_index <= if_index) {
-                       ifp = ifindex2ifnet[out_if_index];
+               if (out_if_index > 0) {
+                       struct inpcb *inp = NULL;
+                       struct ifnet *ifp = NULL;
+
+                       inp = sotoinpcb(fd_cb->so);
+
+                       ifnet_head_lock_shared();
+                       if (out_if_index <= if_index) {
+                               ifp = ifindex2ifnet[out_if_index];
+                       }
+
+                       if (ifp != NULL) {
+                               inp->inp_last_outifp = ifp;
+                       }
+                       ifnet_head_done();
                }
 
-               if (ifp != NULL) {
-                       inp->inp_last_outifp = ifp;
+               if (app_data_length > 0) {
+                       uint8_t *app_data = NULL;
+                       MALLOC(app_data, uint8_t *, app_data_length, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+                       if (app_data != NULL) {
+                               error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_APP_DATA, app_data_length, app_data, NULL);
+                               if (error == 0) {
+                                       if (fd_cb->app_data != NULL) {
+                                               FREE(fd_cb->app_data, M_TEMP);
+                                       }
+                                       fd_cb->app_data = app_data;
+                                       fd_cb->app_data_length = app_data_length;
+                               } else {
+                                       FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "Failed to copy %u bytes of application data from the properties update packet", app_data_length);
+                                       FREE(app_data, M_TEMP);
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "Failed to allocate a buffer of size %u to hold the application data from the properties update", app_data_length);
+                       }
                }
-               ifnet_head_done();
 
                socket_unlock(fd_cb->so, 0);
        }
@@ -1914,7 +2178,7 @@ flow_divert_handle_properties_update(struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb, mbuf_t packe
 }
 
 static void
-flow_divert_handle_app_map_create(mbuf_t packet, int offset)
+flow_divert_handle_app_map_create(struct flow_divert_group *group, mbuf_t packet, int offset)
 {
        size_t bytes_mem_size;
        size_t child_maps_mem_size;
@@ -1925,21 +2189,27 @@ flow_divert_handle_app_map_create(mbuf_t packet, int offset)
        size_t nodes_mem_size;
        int prefix_count = 0;
        int signing_id_count = 0;
+       size_t trie_memory_size = 0;
 
-       lck_rw_lock_exclusive(&g_flow_divert_group_lck);
+       lck_rw_lock_exclusive(&group->lck);
 
        /* Re-set the current trie */
-       if (g_signing_id_trie.memory != NULL) {
-               FREE(g_signing_id_trie.memory, M_TEMP);
+       if (group->signing_id_trie.memory != NULL) {
+               FREE(group->signing_id_trie.memory, M_TEMP);
        }
-       memset(&g_signing_id_trie, 0, sizeof(g_signing_id_trie));
-       g_signing_id_trie.root = NULL_TRIE_IDX;
+       memset(&group->signing_id_trie, 0, sizeof(group->signing_id_trie));
+       group->signing_id_trie.root = NULL_TRIE_IDX;
 
        memset(&new_trie, 0, sizeof(new_trie));
 
        /* Get the number of shared prefixes in the new set of signing ID strings */
        flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_PREFIX_COUNT, sizeof(prefix_count), &prefix_count, NULL);
 
+       if (prefix_count < 0) {
+               lck_rw_done(&group->lck);
+               return;
+       }
+
        /* Compute the number of signing IDs and the total amount of bytes needed to store them */
        for (cursor = flow_divert_packet_find_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, &error, 0);
             cursor >= 0;
@@ -1952,7 +2222,7 @@ flow_divert_handle_app_map_create(mbuf_t packet, int offset)
        }
 
        if (signing_id_count == 0) {
-               lck_rw_done(&g_flow_divert_group_lck);
+               lck_rw_done(&group->lck);
                return;
        }
 
@@ -1966,10 +2236,18 @@ flow_divert_handle_app_map_create(mbuf_t packet, int offset)
        child_maps_mem_size = (sizeof(*new_trie.child_maps) * CHILD_MAP_SIZE * new_trie.child_maps_count);
        bytes_mem_size = (sizeof(*new_trie.bytes) * new_trie.bytes_count);
 
-       MALLOC(new_trie.memory, void *, nodes_mem_size + child_maps_mem_size + bytes_mem_size, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+       trie_memory_size = nodes_mem_size + child_maps_mem_size + bytes_mem_size;
+       if (trie_memory_size > FLOW_DIVERT_MAX_TRIE_MEMORY) {
+               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "Trie memory size (%lu) is too big (maximum is %u)", trie_memory_size, FLOW_DIVERT_MAX_TRIE_MEMORY);
+               lck_rw_done(&group->lck);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       MALLOC(new_trie.memory, void *, trie_memory_size, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
        if (new_trie.memory == NULL) {
                FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "Failed to allocate %lu bytes of memory for the signing ID trie",
                      nodes_mem_size + child_maps_mem_size + bytes_mem_size);
+               lck_rw_done(&group->lck);
                return;
        }
 
@@ -1996,20 +2274,10 @@ flow_divert_handle_app_map_create(mbuf_t packet, int offset)
                uint32_t sid_size = 0;
                flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, cursor, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, 0, NULL, &sid_size);
                if (new_trie.bytes_free_next + sid_size <= new_trie.bytes_count) {
-                       boolean_t is_dns;
                        uint16_t new_node_idx;
                        flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, cursor, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, sid_size, &TRIE_BYTE(&new_trie, new_trie.bytes_free_next), NULL);
-                       is_dns = (sid_size == sizeof(FLOW_DIVERT_DNS_SERVICE_SIGNING_ID) - 1 && 
-                                 !memcmp(&TRIE_BYTE(&new_trie, new_trie.bytes_free_next),
-                                         FLOW_DIVERT_DNS_SERVICE_SIGNING_ID,
-                                         sid_size));
                        new_node_idx = flow_divert_trie_insert(&new_trie, new_trie.bytes_free_next, sid_size);
-                       if (new_node_idx != NULL_TRIE_IDX) {
-                               if (is_dns) {
-                                       FDLOG(LOG_INFO, &nil_pcb, "Setting group unit for %s to %d", FLOW_DIVERT_DNS_SERVICE_SIGNING_ID, DNS_SERVICE_GROUP_UNIT);
-                                       TRIE_NODE(&new_trie, new_node_idx).group_unit = DNS_SERVICE_GROUP_UNIT;
-                               }
-                       } else {
+                       if (new_node_idx == NULL_TRIE_IDX) {
                                insert_error = EINVAL;
                                break;
                        }
@@ -2021,72 +2289,12 @@ flow_divert_handle_app_map_create(mbuf_t packet, int offset)
        }
 
        if (!insert_error) {
-               g_signing_id_trie = new_trie;
+               group->signing_id_trie = new_trie;
        } else {
                FREE(new_trie.memory, M_TEMP);
        }
 
-       lck_rw_done(&g_flow_divert_group_lck);
-}
-
-static void
-flow_divert_handle_app_map_update(struct flow_divert_group *group, mbuf_t packet, int offset)
-{
-       int error = 0;
-       int cursor;
-       size_t max_size = 0;
-       uint8_t *signing_id;
-       uint32_t ctl_unit;
-
-       lck_rw_lock_shared(&group->lck);
-       ctl_unit = group->ctl_unit;
        lck_rw_done(&group->lck);
-
-       for (cursor = flow_divert_packet_find_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, &error, 0);
-            cursor >= 0;
-            cursor = flow_divert_packet_find_tlv(packet, cursor, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, &error, 1))
-       {
-               uint32_t sid_size = 0;
-               flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet, cursor, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, 0, NULL, &sid_size);
-               if (sid_size > max_size) {
-                       max_size = sid_size;
-               }
-       }
-
-       MALLOC(signing_id, uint8_t *, max_size + 1, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
-       if (signing_id == NULL) {
-               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "Failed to allocate a string to hold the signing ID (size %lu)", max_size);
-               return;
-       }
-
-       for (cursor = flow_divert_packet_find_tlv(packet, offset, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, &error, 0);
-            cursor >= 0;
-            cursor = flow_divert_packet_find_tlv(packet, cursor, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, &error, 1))
-       {
-               uint32_t signing_id_len = 0;
-               uint16_t node;
-
-               flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(packet,
-                               cursor, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, max_size, signing_id, &signing_id_len);
-
-               signing_id[signing_id_len] = '\0';
-
-               lck_rw_lock_exclusive(&g_flow_divert_group_lck);
-
-               node = flow_divert_trie_search(&g_signing_id_trie, signing_id);
-               if (node != NULL_TRIE_IDX) {
-                       if (TRIE_NODE(&g_signing_id_trie, node).group_unit != DNS_SERVICE_GROUP_UNIT) {
-                               FDLOG(LOG_INFO, &nil_pcb, "Setting %s to ctl unit %u", signing_id, group->ctl_unit);
-                               TRIE_NODE(&g_signing_id_trie, node).group_unit = ctl_unit;
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "Failed to find signing ID %s", signing_id);
-               }
-
-               lck_rw_done(&g_flow_divert_group_lck);
-       }
-
-       FREE(signing_id, M_TEMP);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -2103,7 +2311,7 @@ flow_divert_input(mbuf_t packet, struct flow_divert_group *group)
        }
 
        if (mbuf_pkthdr_len(packet) > FD_CTL_RCVBUFF_SIZE) {
-               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "got a bad packet, length (%lu) > %lu", mbuf_pkthdr_len(packet), FD_CTL_RCVBUFF_SIZE);
+               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "got a bad packet, length (%lu) > %d", mbuf_pkthdr_len(packet), FD_CTL_RCVBUFF_SIZE);
                error = EINVAL;
                goto done;
        }
@@ -2123,10 +2331,7 @@ flow_divert_input(mbuf_t packet, struct flow_divert_group *group)
                                flow_divert_handle_group_init(group, packet, sizeof(hdr));
                                break;
                        case FLOW_DIVERT_PKT_APP_MAP_CREATE:
-                               flow_divert_handle_app_map_create(packet, sizeof(hdr));
-                               break;
-                       case FLOW_DIVERT_PKT_APP_MAP_UPDATE:
-                               flow_divert_handle_app_map_update(group, packet, sizeof(hdr));
+                               flow_divert_handle_app_map_create(group, packet, sizeof(hdr));
                                break;
                        default:
                                FDLOG(LOG_WARNING, &nil_pcb, "got an unknown message type: %d", hdr.packet_type);
@@ -2199,6 +2404,7 @@ flow_divert_close_all(struct flow_divert_group *group)
                        flow_divert_pcb_remove(fd_cb);
                        flow_divert_update_closed_state(fd_cb, SHUT_RDWR, TRUE);
                        fd_cb->so->so_error = ECONNABORTED;
+                       flow_divert_disconnect_socket(fd_cb->so);
                        socket_unlock(fd_cb->so, 0);
                }
                FDUNLOCK(fd_cb);
@@ -2529,8 +2735,7 @@ flow_divert_connect_out(struct socket *so, struct sockaddr *to, proc_t p)
        struct inpcb                    *inp    = sotoinpcb(so);
        struct sockaddr_in              *sinp;
        mbuf_t                                  connect_packet = NULL;
-       char                                    *signing_id = NULL;
-       int                                             free_signing_id = 0;
+       int                                             do_send = 1;
 
        VERIFY((so->so_flags & SOF_FLOW_DIVERT) && so->so_fd_pcb != NULL);
 
@@ -2552,12 +2757,6 @@ flow_divert_connect_out(struct socket *so, struct sockaddr *to, proc_t p)
                goto done;
        }
 
-       sinp = (struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)to;
-       if (sinp->sin_family == AF_INET && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(sinp->sin_addr.s_addr))) {
-               error = EAFNOSUPPORT;
-               goto done;
-       }
-
        if ((fd_cb->flags & FLOW_DIVERT_CONNECT_STARTED) && !(fd_cb->flags & FLOW_DIVERT_TRANSFERRED)) {
                error = EALREADY;
                goto done;
@@ -2572,124 +2771,48 @@ flow_divert_connect_out(struct socket *so, struct sockaddr *to, proc_t p)
                }
        }
 
-       if (fd_cb->local_address != NULL) {
-                error = EALREADY;
-                goto done;
-        } else {
-                if (flow_divert_has_pcb_local_address(inp)) {
-                        error = flow_divert_inp_to_sockaddr(inp, &fd_cb->local_address);
-                        if (error) {
-                                FDLOG0(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "failed to get the local socket address.");
-                                goto done;
-                        }
-                }
-        }
-
-
-       error = flow_divert_packet_init(fd_cb, FLOW_DIVERT_PKT_CONNECT, &connect_packet);
-       if (error) {
-               goto done;
-       }
-
-       error = EPERM;
+       FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "Connecting");
 
-       if (fd_cb->connect_token != NULL) {
-               uint32_t sid_size = 0;
-               int find_error = flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(fd_cb->connect_token, 0, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, 0, NULL, &sid_size);
-               if (find_error == 0 && sid_size > 0) {
-                       MALLOC(signing_id, char *, sid_size + 1, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
-                       if (signing_id != NULL) {
-                               flow_divert_packet_get_tlv(fd_cb->connect_token, 0, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, sid_size, signing_id, NULL);
-                               FDLOG(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "Got %s from token", signing_id);
-                               free_signing_id = 1;
-                       }
+       if (fd_cb->connect_packet == NULL) {
+               if (to == NULL) {
+                       FDLOG0(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "No destination address available when creating connect packet");
+                       error = EINVAL;
+                       goto done;
                }
-       }
 
-       socket_unlock(so, 0);
-       if (g_signing_id_trie.root != NULL_TRIE_IDX) {
-               proc_t src_proc = p;
-               int release_proc = 0;
-                       
-               if (signing_id == NULL) {
-                       release_proc = flow_divert_get_src_proc(so, &src_proc, FALSE);
-                       if (src_proc != PROC_NULL) {
-                               proc_lock(src_proc);
-                               if (src_proc->p_csflags & CS_VALID) {
-                    const char * cs_id;
-                    cs_id = cs_identity_get(src_proc);
-                    signing_id = __DECONST(char *, cs_id);
-                               } else {
-                                       FDLOG0(LOG_WARNING, fd_cb, "Signature is invalid");
-                               }
-                       } else {
-                               FDLOG0(LOG_WARNING, fd_cb, "Failed to determine the current proc");
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       src_proc = PROC_NULL;
+               sinp = (struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)to;
+               if (sinp->sin_family == AF_INET && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(sinp->sin_addr.s_addr))) {
+                       error = EAFNOSUPPORT;
+                       goto done;
                }
 
-               if (signing_id != NULL) {
-                       uint16_t result = NULL_TRIE_IDX;
-                       lck_rw_lock_shared(&g_flow_divert_group_lck);
-                       result = flow_divert_trie_search(&g_signing_id_trie, (uint8_t *)signing_id);
-                       lck_rw_done(&g_flow_divert_group_lck);
-                       if (result != NULL_TRIE_IDX) {
-                               error = 0;
-                               FDLOG(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "%s matched", signing_id);
-
-                               error = flow_divert_packet_append_tlv(connect_packet, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_SIGNING_ID, strlen(signing_id), signing_id);
-                               if (error == 0) {
-                                       if (src_proc != PROC_NULL) {
-                                               unsigned char cdhash[SHA1_RESULTLEN];
-                                               error = proc_getcdhash(src_proc, cdhash);
-                                               if (error == 0) {
-                                                       error = flow_divert_packet_append_tlv(connect_packet, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_CDHASH, sizeof(cdhash), cdhash);
-                                                       if (error) {
-                                                               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "failed to append the cdhash: %d", error);
-                                                       }
-                                               } else {
-                                                       FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "failed to get the cdhash: %d", error);
-                                               }
-                                       }
-                               } else {
-                                       FDLOG(LOG_ERR, fd_cb, "failed to append the signing ID: %d", error);
-                               }
-                       } else {
-                               FDLOG(LOG_WARNING, fd_cb, "%s did not match", signing_id);
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       FDLOG0(LOG_WARNING, fd_cb, "Failed to get the code signing identity");
+               error = flow_divert_create_connect_packet(fd_cb, to, so, p, &connect_packet);
+               if (error) {
+                       goto done;
                }
 
-               if (src_proc != PROC_NULL) {
-                       proc_unlock(src_proc);
-                       if (release_proc) {
-                               proc_rele(src_proc);
-                       }
+               if (so->so_flags1 & SOF1_PRECONNECT_DATA) {
+                       FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "Delaying sending the connect packet until send or receive");
+                       do_send = 0;
                }
        } else {
-               FDLOG0(LOG_WARNING, fd_cb, "The signing ID trie is empty");
-       }
-       socket_lock(so, 0);
-
-       if (free_signing_id) {
-               FREE(signing_id, M_TEMP);
+               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "Sending saved connect packet");
+               connect_packet = fd_cb->connect_packet;
+               fd_cb->connect_packet = NULL;
        }
 
-       if (error) {
-               goto done;
-       }
-
-       FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "Connecting");
+       if (do_send) {
+               error = flow_divert_send_packet(fd_cb, connect_packet, TRUE);
+               if (error) {
+                       goto done;
+               }
 
-       error = flow_divert_send_connect(fd_cb, to, connect_packet);
-       if (error) {
-               goto done;
+               fd_cb->flags |= FLOW_DIVERT_CONNECT_STARTED;
+       } else {
+               fd_cb->connect_packet = connect_packet;
+               connect_packet = NULL;
        }
 
-       fd_cb->flags |= FLOW_DIVERT_CONNECT_STARTED;
-
        soisconnecting(so);
 
 done:
@@ -2704,7 +2827,7 @@ flow_divert_connectx_out_common(struct socket *so, int af,
     struct sockaddr_list **src_sl, struct sockaddr_list **dst_sl,
     struct proc *p, uint32_t ifscope __unused, sae_associd_t aid __unused,
     sae_connid_t *pcid, uint32_t flags __unused, void *arg __unused,
-    uint32_t arglen __unused)
+    uint32_t arglen __unused, struct uio *auio, user_ssize_t *bytes_written)
 {
        struct sockaddr_entry *src_se = NULL, *dst_se = NULL;
        struct inpcb *inp = sotoinpcb(so);
@@ -2729,6 +2852,39 @@ flow_divert_connectx_out_common(struct socket *so, int af,
 
        error = flow_divert_connect_out(so, dst_se->se_addr, p);
 
+       if (error != 0) {
+               return error;
+       }
+
+       /* if there is data, send it */
+       if (auio != NULL) {
+               user_ssize_t datalen = 0;
+
+               socket_unlock(so, 0);
+
+               VERIFY(bytes_written != NULL);
+
+               datalen = uio_resid(auio);
+               error = so->so_proto->pr_usrreqs->pru_sosend(so, NULL, (uio_t)auio, NULL, NULL, 0);
+               socket_lock(so, 0);
+
+               if (error == 0 || error == EWOULDBLOCK) {
+                       *bytes_written = datalen - uio_resid(auio);
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * sosend returns EWOULDBLOCK if it's a non-blocking
+                * socket or a timeout occured (this allows to return
+                * the amount of queued data through sendit()).
+                *
+                * However, connectx() returns EINPROGRESS in case of a
+                * blocking socket. So we change the return value here.
+                */
+               if (error == EWOULDBLOCK) {
+                       error = EINPROGRESS;
+               }
+       }
+
        if (error == 0 && pcid != NULL) {
                *pcid = 1;      /* there is only 1 connection for a TCP */
        }
@@ -2744,7 +2900,7 @@ flow_divert_connectx_out(struct socket *so, struct sockaddr_list **src_sl,
 {
 #pragma unused(uio, bytes_written)
        return (flow_divert_connectx_out_common(so, AF_INET, src_sl, dst_sl,
-           p, ifscope, aid, pcid, flags, arg, arglen));
+           p, ifscope, aid, pcid, flags, arg, arglen, uio, bytes_written));
 }
 
 #if INET6
@@ -2756,7 +2912,7 @@ flow_divert_connectx6_out(struct socket *so, struct sockaddr_list **src_sl,
 {
 #pragma unused(uio, bytes_written)
        return (flow_divert_connectx_out_common(so, AF_INET6, src_sl, dst_sl,
-           p, ifscope, aid, pcid, flags, arg, arglen));
+           p, ifscope, aid, pcid, flags, arg, arglen, uio, bytes_written));
 }
 #endif /* INET6 */
 
@@ -2909,7 +3065,7 @@ flow_divert_in6_control(struct socket *so, u_long cmd, caddr_t data, struct ifne
 }
 
 static errno_t
-flow_divert_data_out(struct socket *so, int flags, mbuf_t data, struct sockaddr *to, mbuf_t control, struct proc *p __unused)
+flow_divert_data_out(struct socket *so, int flags, mbuf_t data, struct sockaddr *to, mbuf_t control, struct proc *p)
 {
        struct flow_divert_pcb  *fd_cb  = so->so_fd_pcb;
        int                                             error   = 0;
@@ -2942,10 +3098,15 @@ flow_divert_data_out(struct socket *so, int flags, mbuf_t data, struct sockaddr
        /* Implicit connect */
        if (!(fd_cb->flags & FLOW_DIVERT_CONNECT_STARTED)) {
                FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "implicit connect");
-               error = flow_divert_connect_out(so, to, NULL);
+               error = flow_divert_connect_out(so, to, p);
                if (error) {
                        goto done;
                }
+
+               if (so->so_flags1 & SOF1_DATA_IDEMPOTENT) {
+                       /* Open up the send window so that the data will get sent right away */
+                       fd_cb->send_window = mbuf_pkthdr_len(data);
+               }
        }
 
        FDLOG(LOG_DEBUG, fd_cb, "app wrote %lu bytes", mbuf_pkthdr_len(data));
@@ -2972,6 +3133,30 @@ done:
        return error;
 }
 
+static int
+flow_divert_preconnect(struct socket *so)
+{
+       struct flow_divert_pcb  *fd_cb  = so->so_fd_pcb;
+       int error = 0;
+
+       if (!(fd_cb->flags & FLOW_DIVERT_CONNECT_STARTED) && fd_cb->connect_packet != NULL) {
+               FDLOG0(LOG_INFO, fd_cb, "Pre-connect read: sending saved connect packet");
+               mbuf_t connect_packet = fd_cb->connect_packet;
+               fd_cb->connect_packet = NULL;
+
+               error = flow_divert_send_packet(fd_cb, connect_packet, TRUE);
+               if (error) {
+                       mbuf_freem(connect_packet);
+               }
+
+               fd_cb->flags |= FLOW_DIVERT_CONNECT_STARTED;
+       }
+
+       so->so_flags1 &= ~SOF1_PRECONNECT_DATA;
+
+       return error;
+}
+
 static void
 flow_divert_set_protosw(struct socket *so)
 {
@@ -3164,6 +3349,7 @@ flow_divert_token_set(struct socket *so, struct sockopt *sopt)
        uint32_t                                        key_unit                = 0;
        uint32_t                                        flow_id                 = 0;
        int                                                     error                   = 0;
+       int                                                     hmac_error              = 0;
        mbuf_t                                          token                   = NULL;
 
        if (so->so_flags & SOF_FLOW_DIVERT) {
@@ -3232,11 +3418,12 @@ flow_divert_token_set(struct socket *so, struct sockopt *sopt)
        }
 
        socket_unlock(so, 0);
-       error = flow_divert_packet_verify_hmac(token, (key_unit != 0 ? key_unit : ctl_unit));
+       hmac_error = flow_divert_packet_verify_hmac(token, (key_unit != 0 ? key_unit : ctl_unit));
        socket_lock(so, 0);
 
-       if (error) {
-               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "HMAC verfication failed: %d", error);
+       if (hmac_error && hmac_error != ENOENT) {
+               FDLOG(LOG_ERR, &nil_pcb, "HMAC verfication failed: %d", hmac_error);
+               error = hmac_error;
                goto done;
        }
 
@@ -3266,6 +3453,13 @@ flow_divert_token_set(struct socket *so, struct sockopt *sopt)
                error = flow_divert_attach(so, flow_id, ctl_unit);
        }
 
+       if (hmac_error == 0) {
+               struct flow_divert_pcb *fd_cb = so->so_fd_pcb;
+               if (fd_cb != NULL) {
+                       fd_cb->flags |= FLOW_DIVERT_HAS_HMAC;
+               }
+       }
+
 done:
        if (token != NULL) {
                mbuf_freem(token);
@@ -3314,6 +3508,13 @@ flow_divert_token_get(struct socket *so, struct sockopt *sopt)
                goto done;
        }
 
+       if (fd_cb->app_data != NULL) {
+               error = flow_divert_packet_append_tlv(token, FLOW_DIVERT_TLV_APP_DATA, fd_cb->app_data_length, fd_cb->app_data);
+               if (error) {
+                       goto done;
+               }
+       }
+
        socket_unlock(so, 0);
        lck_rw_lock_shared(&g_flow_divert_group_lck);
 
@@ -3347,6 +3548,12 @@ flow_divert_token_get(struct socket *so, struct sockopt *sopt)
                goto done;
        }
 
+       if (sopt->sopt_val == USER_ADDR_NULL) {
+               /* If the caller passed NULL to getsockopt, just set the size of the token and return */
+               sopt->sopt_valsize = mbuf_pkthdr_len(token);
+               goto done;
+       }
+
        error = soopt_mcopyout(sopt, token);
        if (error) {
                token = NULL;   /* For some reason, soopt_mcopyout() frees the mbuf if it fails */
@@ -3386,6 +3593,7 @@ flow_divert_kctl_connect(kern_ctl_ref kctlref __unused, struct sockaddr_ctl *sac
        RB_INIT(&new_group->pcb_tree);
        new_group->ctl_unit = sac->sc_unit;
        MBUFQ_INIT(&new_group->send_queue);
+       new_group->signing_id_trie.root = NULL_TRIE_IDX;
 
        lck_rw_lock_exclusive(&g_flow_divert_group_lck);
 
@@ -3422,7 +3630,6 @@ flow_divert_kctl_disconnect(kern_ctl_ref kctlref __unused, uint32_t unit, void *
 {
        struct flow_divert_group        *group  = NULL;
        errno_t                                         error   = 0;
-       uint16_t                                        node    = 0;
 
        if (unit >= GROUP_COUNT_MAX) {
                return EINVAL;
@@ -3451,6 +3658,14 @@ flow_divert_kctl_disconnect(kern_ctl_ref kctlref __unused, uint32_t unit, void *
                        group->token_key = NULL;
                        group->token_key_size = 0;
                }
+
+               /* Re-set the current trie */
+               if (group->signing_id_trie.memory != NULL) {
+                       FREE(group->signing_id_trie.memory, M_TEMP);
+               }
+               memset(&group->signing_id_trie, 0, sizeof(group->signing_id_trie));
+               group->signing_id_trie.root = NULL_TRIE_IDX;
+
                FREE_ZONE(group, sizeof(*group), M_FLOW_DIVERT_GROUP);
                g_flow_divert_groups[unit] = NULL;
                g_active_group_count--;
@@ -3463,13 +3678,6 @@ flow_divert_kctl_disconnect(kern_ctl_ref kctlref __unused, uint32_t unit, void *
                g_flow_divert_groups = NULL;
        }
 
-       /* Remove all signing IDs that point to this unit */
-       for (node = 0; node < g_signing_id_trie.nodes_count; node++) {
-               if (TRIE_NODE(&g_signing_id_trie, node).group_unit == unit) {
-                       TRIE_NODE(&g_signing_id_trie, node).group_unit = 0;
-               }
-       }
-
        lck_rw_done(&g_flow_divert_group_lck);
 
        return error;
@@ -3586,6 +3794,7 @@ flow_divert_init(void)
        g_flow_divert_in_usrreqs.pru_send = flow_divert_data_out;
        g_flow_divert_in_usrreqs.pru_shutdown = flow_divert_shutdown;
        g_flow_divert_in_usrreqs.pru_sockaddr = flow_divert_getsockaddr;
+       g_flow_divert_in_usrreqs.pru_preconnect = flow_divert_preconnect;
 
        g_flow_divert_in_protosw.pr_usrreqs = &g_flow_divert_in_usrreqs;
        g_flow_divert_in_protosw.pr_ctloutput = flow_divert_ctloutput;
@@ -3619,6 +3828,7 @@ flow_divert_init(void)
        g_flow_divert_in_udp_usrreqs.pru_sockaddr = flow_divert_getsockaddr;
        g_flow_divert_in_udp_usrreqs.pru_sosend_list = pru_sosend_list_notsupp;
        g_flow_divert_in_udp_usrreqs.pru_soreceive_list = pru_soreceive_list_notsupp;
+       g_flow_divert_in_udp_usrreqs.pru_preconnect = flow_divert_preconnect;
 
        g_flow_divert_in_udp_protosw.pr_usrreqs = &g_flow_divert_in_usrreqs;
        g_flow_divert_in_udp_protosw.pr_ctloutput = flow_divert_ctloutput;
@@ -3651,6 +3861,7 @@ flow_divert_init(void)
        g_flow_divert_in6_usrreqs.pru_send = flow_divert_data_out;
        g_flow_divert_in6_usrreqs.pru_shutdown = flow_divert_shutdown;
        g_flow_divert_in6_usrreqs.pru_sockaddr = flow_divert_getsockaddr;
+       g_flow_divert_in6_usrreqs.pru_preconnect = flow_divert_preconnect;
 
        g_flow_divert_in6_protosw.pr_usrreqs = &g_flow_divert_in6_usrreqs;
        g_flow_divert_in6_protosw.pr_ctloutput = flow_divert_ctloutput;
@@ -3684,6 +3895,7 @@ flow_divert_init(void)
        g_flow_divert_in6_udp_usrreqs.pru_sockaddr = flow_divert_getsockaddr;
        g_flow_divert_in6_udp_usrreqs.pru_sosend_list = pru_sosend_list_notsupp;
        g_flow_divert_in6_udp_usrreqs.pru_soreceive_list = pru_soreceive_list_notsupp;
+       g_flow_divert_in6_udp_usrreqs.pru_preconnect = flow_divert_preconnect;
 
        g_flow_divert_in6_udp_protosw.pr_usrreqs = &g_flow_divert_in6_udp_usrreqs;
        g_flow_divert_in6_udp_protosw.pr_ctloutput = flow_divert_ctloutput;
@@ -3726,9 +3938,6 @@ flow_divert_init(void)
 
        lck_rw_init(&g_flow_divert_group_lck, flow_divert_mtx_grp, flow_divert_mtx_attr);
 
-       memset(&g_signing_id_trie, 0, sizeof(g_signing_id_trie));
-       g_signing_id_trie.root = NULL_TRIE_IDX;
-
 done:
        if (g_init_result != 0) {
                if (flow_divert_mtx_attr != NULL) {