]> git.saurik.com Git - apple/xnu.git/blobdiff - osfmk/vm/vm_fault.c
xnu-7195.60.75.tar.gz
[apple/xnu.git] / osfmk / vm / vm_fault.c
index d20d7a3657af37d1b4033ae179ee8236a7aeb572..43814d16ee0d6dcfe424ddd333feb86ce0169aa8 100644 (file)
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000-2009 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000-2020 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
  *
  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
- * 
+ *
  * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
  * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
  * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
  * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
  * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
  * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
- * 
+ *
  * Please obtain a copy of the License at
  * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
- * 
+ *
  * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
  * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
  * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
  * limitations under the License.
- * 
+ *
  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
  */
 /*
  * @OSF_COPYRIGHT@
  */
-/* 
+/*
  * Mach Operating System
  * Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989,1988,1987 Carnegie Mellon University
  * All Rights Reserved.
- * 
+ *
  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
  * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
- * 
+ *
  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
  * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
- * 
+ *
  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
- * 
+ *
  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
  *  School of Computer Science
  *  Carnegie Mellon University
  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
- * 
+ *
  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
  * the rights to redistribute these changes.
  */
 
 #include <mach/mach_types.h>
 #include <mach/kern_return.h>
-#include <mach/message.h>      /* for error codes */
+#include <mach/message.h>       /* for error codes */
 #include <mach/vm_param.h>
 #include <mach/vm_behavior.h>
 #include <mach/memory_object.h>
-                               /* For memory_object_data_{request,unlock} */
+/* For memory_object_data_{request,unlock} */
 #include <mach/sdt.h>
 
 #include <kern/kern_types.h>
 #include <kern/thread.h>
 #include <kern/sched_prim.h>
 #include <kern/host.h>
-#include <kern/xpr.h>
 #include <kern/mach_param.h>
 #include <kern/macro_help.h>
 #include <kern/zalloc.h>
 #include <kern/misc_protos.h>
+#include <kern/policy_internal.h>
 
 #include <vm/vm_compressor.h>
 #include <vm/vm_compressor_pager.h>
 #include <vm/vm_protos.h>
 #include <vm/vm_external.h>
 #include <vm/memory_object.h>
-#include <vm/vm_purgeable_internal.h>  /* Needed by some vm_page.h macros */
+#include <vm/vm_purgeable_internal.h>   /* Needed by some vm_page.h macros */
 #include <vm/vm_shared_region.h>
 
 #include <sys/codesign.h>
+#include <sys/reason.h>
+#include <sys/signalvar.h>
 
-#include <libsa/sys/timers.h>  /* for struct timespec */
+#include <san/kasan.h>
 
-#define VM_FAULT_CLASSIFY      0
+#define VM_FAULT_CLASSIFY       0
 
 #define TRACEFAULTPAGE 0 /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 
-unsigned int   vm_object_pagein_throttle = 16;
+int vm_protect_privileged_from_untrusted = 1;
+
+unsigned int    vm_object_pagein_throttle = 16;
 
 /*
- * We apply a hard throttle to the demand zero rate of tasks that we believe are running out of control which 
+ * We apply a hard throttle to the demand zero rate of tasks that we believe are running out of control which
  * kicks in when swap space runs out.  64-bit programs have massive address spaces and can leak enormous amounts
  * of memory if they're buggy and can run the system completely out of swap space.  If this happens, we
  * impose a hard throttle on them to prevent them from taking the last bit of memory left.  This helps
- * keep the UI active so that the user has a chance to kill the offending task before the system 
+ * keep the UI active so that the user has a chance to kill the offending task before the system
  * completely hangs.
  *
  * The hard throttle is only applied when the system is nearly completely out of swap space and is only applied
@@ -129,55 +133,69 @@ unsigned int      vm_object_pagein_throttle = 16;
 
 extern void throttle_lowpri_io(int);
 
-uint64_t vm_hard_throttle_threshold;
+extern struct vnode *vnode_pager_lookup_vnode(memory_object_t);
 
+uint64_t vm_hard_throttle_threshold;
 
 
-#define NEED_TO_HARD_THROTTLE_THIS_TASK()      (vm_wants_task_throttled(current_task()) ||     \
-                                                (vm_page_free_count < vm_page_throttle_limit && \
-                                                 proc_get_effective_thread_policy(current_thread(), TASK_POLICY_IO) > THROTTLE_LEVEL_THROTTLED))
+OS_ALWAYS_INLINE
+boolean_t
+NEED_TO_HARD_THROTTLE_THIS_TASK(void)
+{
+       return vm_wants_task_throttled(current_task()) ||
+              ((vm_page_free_count < vm_page_throttle_limit ||
+              HARD_THROTTLE_LIMIT_REACHED()) &&
+              proc_get_effective_thread_policy(current_thread(), TASK_POLICY_IO) >= THROTTLE_LEVEL_THROTTLED);
+}
 
+#define HARD_THROTTLE_DELAY     10000   /* 10000 us == 10 ms */
+#define SOFT_THROTTLE_DELAY     200     /* 200 us == .2 ms */
 
-#define HARD_THROTTLE_DELAY    5000    /* 5000 us == 5 ms */
-#define SOFT_THROTTLE_DELAY    200     /* 200 us == .2 ms */
+#define VM_PAGE_CREATION_THROTTLE_PERIOD_SECS   6
+#define VM_PAGE_CREATION_THROTTLE_RATE_PER_SEC  20000
 
-#define        VM_PAGE_CREATION_THROTTLE_PERIOD_SECS   6
-#define        VM_PAGE_CREATION_THROTTLE_RATE_PER_SEC  20000
 
+#define VM_STAT_DECOMPRESSIONS()        \
+MACRO_BEGIN                             \
+       VM_STAT_INCR(decompressions);       \
+       current_thread()->decompressions++; \
+MACRO_END
 
 boolean_t current_thread_aborted(void);
 
 /* Forward declarations of internal routines. */
 static kern_return_t vm_fault_wire_fast(
-                               vm_map_t        map,
-                               vm_map_offset_t va,
-                               vm_prot_t       prot,
-                               vm_map_entry_t  entry,
-                               pmap_t          pmap,
-                               vm_map_offset_t pmap_addr,
-                               ppnum_t         *physpage_p);
+       vm_map_t        map,
+       vm_map_offset_t va,
+       vm_prot_t       prot,
+       vm_tag_t        wire_tag,
+       vm_map_entry_t  entry,
+       pmap_t          pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t pmap_addr,
+       ppnum_t         *physpage_p);
 
 static kern_return_t vm_fault_internal(
-               vm_map_t        map,
-               vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
-               vm_prot_t       caller_prot,
-               boolean_t       change_wiring,
-               int             interruptible,
-               pmap_t          pmap,
-               vm_map_offset_t pmap_addr,
-               ppnum_t         *physpage_p);
+       vm_map_t        map,
+       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
+       vm_prot_t       caller_prot,
+       boolean_t       change_wiring,
+       vm_tag_t        wire_tag,
+       int             interruptible,
+       pmap_t          pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t pmap_addr,
+       ppnum_t         *physpage_p);
 
 static void vm_fault_copy_cleanup(
-                               vm_page_t       page,
-                               vm_page_t       top_page);
+       vm_page_t       page,
+       vm_page_t       top_page);
 
 static void vm_fault_copy_dst_cleanup(
-                               vm_page_t       page);
+       vm_page_t       page);
 
-#if    VM_FAULT_CLASSIFY
-extern void vm_fault_classify(vm_object_t      object,
-                         vm_object_offset_t    offset,
-                         vm_prot_t             fault_type);
+#if     VM_FAULT_CLASSIFY
+extern void vm_fault_classify(vm_object_t       object,
+    vm_object_offset_t    offset,
+    vm_prot_t             fault_type);
 
 extern void vm_fault_classify_init(void);
 #endif
@@ -191,18 +209,36 @@ unsigned long vm_cs_query_modified = 0;
 unsigned long vm_cs_validated_dirtied = 0;
 unsigned long vm_cs_bitmap_validated = 0;
 
-void vm_pre_fault(vm_map_offset_t);
+void vm_pre_fault(vm_map_offset_t, vm_prot_t);
 
-extern int not_in_kdp;
 extern char *kdp_compressor_decompressed_page;
-extern addr64_t        kdp_compressor_decompressed_page_paddr;
-extern ppnum_t kdp_compressor_decompressed_page_ppnum;
+extern addr64_t kdp_compressor_decompressed_page_paddr;
+extern ppnum_t  kdp_compressor_decompressed_page_ppnum;
+
+struct vmrtfr {
+       int vmrtfr_maxi;
+       int vmrtfr_curi;
+       int64_t vmrtf_total;
+       vm_rtfault_record_t *vm_rtf_records;
+} vmrtfrs;
+#define VMRTF_DEFAULT_BUFSIZE (4096)
+#define VMRTF_NUM_RECORDS_DEFAULT (VMRTF_DEFAULT_BUFSIZE / sizeof(vm_rtfault_record_t))
+TUNABLE(int, vmrtf_num_records, "vm_rtfault_records", VMRTF_NUM_RECORDS_DEFAULT);
+
+static void vm_rtfrecord_lock(void);
+static void vm_rtfrecord_unlock(void);
+static void vm_record_rtfault(thread_t, uint64_t, vm_map_offset_t, int);
+
+extern lck_grp_t vm_page_lck_grp_bucket;
+extern lck_attr_t vm_page_lck_attr;
+LCK_SPIN_DECLARE_ATTR(vm_rtfr_slock, &vm_page_lck_grp_bucket, &vm_page_lck_attr);
 
 /*
  *     Routine:        vm_fault_init
  *     Purpose:
  *             Initialize our private data structures.
  */
+__startup_func
 void
 vm_fault_init(void)
 {
@@ -217,44 +253,48 @@ vm_fault_init(void)
         * The formula here simply uses the number of gigabytes of ram to adjust the percentage.
         */
 
-       vm_hard_throttle_threshold = sane_size * (35 - MIN((int)(sane_size / (1024*1024*1024)), 25)) / 100;
+       vm_hard_throttle_threshold = sane_size * (35 - MIN((int)(sane_size / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)), 25)) / 100;
 
        /*
         * Configure compressed pager behavior. A boot arg takes precedence over a device tree entry.
         */
 
-       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("vm_compressor", &vm_compressor_temp, sizeof (vm_compressor_temp))) {
-               for ( i = 0; i < VM_PAGER_MAX_MODES; i++) {
-                       if (vm_compressor_temp > 0 && 
-                           ((vm_compressor_temp & ( 1 << i)) == vm_compressor_temp)) {
+       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("vm_compressor", &vm_compressor_temp, sizeof(vm_compressor_temp))) {
+               for (i = 0; i < VM_PAGER_MAX_MODES; i++) {
+                       if (((vm_compressor_temp & (1 << i)) == vm_compressor_temp)) {
                                need_default_val = FALSE;
                                vm_compressor_mode = vm_compressor_temp;
                                break;
                        }
                }
-               if (need_default_val)
+               if (need_default_val) {
                        printf("Ignoring \"vm_compressor\" boot arg %d\n", vm_compressor_temp);
-       } 
+               }
+       }
        if (need_default_val) {
                /* If no boot arg or incorrect boot arg, try device tree. */
                PE_get_default("kern.vm_compressor", &vm_compressor_mode, sizeof(vm_compressor_mode));
        }
-       PE_parse_boot_argn("vm_compressor_threads", &vm_compressor_thread_count, sizeof (vm_compressor_thread_count));
-
-       if (PE_parse_boot_argn("vm_compressor_immediate", &vm_compressor_temp, sizeof (vm_compressor_temp)))
-               vm_compressor_immediate_preferred_override = TRUE;
-       else {
-               if (PE_get_default("kern.vm_compressor_immediate", &vm_compressor_temp, sizeof(vm_compressor_temp)))
-                       vm_compressor_immediate_preferred_override = TRUE;
-       }
-       if (vm_compressor_immediate_preferred_override == TRUE) {
-               if (vm_compressor_temp)
-                       vm_compressor_immediate_preferred = TRUE;
-               else
-                       vm_compressor_immediate_preferred = FALSE;
-       }
        printf("\"vm_compressor_mode\" is %d\n", vm_compressor_mode);
+
+       PE_parse_boot_argn("vm_protect_privileged_from_untrusted",
+           &vm_protect_privileged_from_untrusted,
+           sizeof(vm_protect_privileged_from_untrusted));
+}
+
+__startup_func
+static void
+vm_rtfault_record_init(void)
+{
+       size_t size;
+
+       vmrtf_num_records = MAX(vmrtf_num_records, 1);
+       size = vmrtf_num_records * sizeof(vm_rtfault_record_t);
+       vmrtfrs.vm_rtf_records = zalloc_permanent(size,
+           ZALIGN(vm_rtfault_record_t));
+       vmrtfrs.vmrtfr_maxi = vmrtf_num_records - 1;
 }
+STARTUP(ZALLOC, STARTUP_RANK_MIDDLE, vm_rtfault_record_init);
 
 /*
  *     Routine:        vm_fault_cleanup
@@ -272,14 +312,14 @@ vm_fault_init(void)
  */
 void
 vm_fault_cleanup(
-       register vm_object_t    object,
-       register vm_page_t      top_page)
+       vm_object_t     object,
+       vm_page_t       top_page)
 {
        vm_object_paging_end(object);
-       vm_object_unlock(object);
+       vm_object_unlock(object);
 
        if (top_page != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-               object = top_page->object;
+               object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(top_page);
 
                vm_object_lock(object);
                VM_PAGE_FREE(top_page);
@@ -288,38 +328,20 @@ vm_fault_cleanup(
        }
 }
 
-#if    MACH_CLUSTER_STATS
-#define MAXCLUSTERPAGES 16
-struct {
-       unsigned long pages_in_cluster;
-       unsigned long pages_at_higher_offsets;
-       unsigned long pages_at_lower_offsets;
-} cluster_stats_in[MAXCLUSTERPAGES];
-#define CLUSTER_STAT(clause)   clause
-#define CLUSTER_STAT_HIGHER(x) \
-       ((cluster_stats_in[(x)].pages_at_higher_offsets)++)
-#define CLUSTER_STAT_LOWER(x)  \
-        ((cluster_stats_in[(x)].pages_at_lower_offsets)++)
-#define CLUSTER_STAT_CLUSTER(x)        \
-       ((cluster_stats_in[(x)].pages_in_cluster)++)
-#else  /* MACH_CLUSTER_STATS */
-#define CLUSTER_STAT(clause)
-#endif /* MACH_CLUSTER_STATS */
-
 #define ALIGNED(x) (((x) & (PAGE_SIZE_64 - 1)) == 0)
 
 
-boolean_t      vm_page_deactivate_behind = TRUE;
-/* 
- * default sizes given VM_BEHAVIOR_DEFAULT reference behavior 
+boolean_t       vm_page_deactivate_behind = TRUE;
+/*
+ * default sizes given VM_BEHAVIOR_DEFAULT reference behavior
  */
-#define VM_DEFAULT_DEACTIVATE_BEHIND_WINDOW    128
-#define VM_DEFAULT_DEACTIVATE_BEHIND_CLUSTER   16              /* don't make this too big... */
+#define VM_DEFAULT_DEACTIVATE_BEHIND_WINDOW     128
+#define VM_DEFAULT_DEACTIVATE_BEHIND_CLUSTER    16              /* don't make this too big... */
                                                                 /* we use it to size an array on the stack */
 
 int vm_default_behind = VM_DEFAULT_DEACTIVATE_BEHIND_WINDOW;
 
-#define MAX_SEQUENTIAL_RUN     (1024 * 1024 * 1024)
+#define MAX_SEQUENTIAL_RUN      (1024 * 1024 * 1024)
 
 /*
  * vm_page_is_sequential
@@ -333,90 +355,101 @@ int vm_default_behind = VM_DEFAULT_DEACTIVATE_BEHIND_WINDOW;
 static
 void
 vm_fault_is_sequential(
-       vm_object_t             object,
-       vm_object_offset_t      offset,
-       vm_behavior_t           behavior)
+       vm_object_t             object,
+       vm_object_offset_t      offset,
+       vm_behavior_t           behavior)
 {
-        vm_object_offset_t     last_alloc;
-       int                     sequential;
-       int                     orig_sequential;
+       vm_object_offset_t      last_alloc;
+       int                     sequential;
+       int                     orig_sequential;
 
-        last_alloc = object->last_alloc;
+       last_alloc = object->last_alloc;
        sequential = object->sequential;
        orig_sequential = sequential;
 
+       offset = vm_object_trunc_page(offset);
+       if (offset == last_alloc && behavior != VM_BEHAVIOR_RANDOM) {
+               /* re-faulting in the same page: no change in behavior */
+               return;
+       }
+
        switch (behavior) {
        case VM_BEHAVIOR_RANDOM:
-               /*
+               /*
                 * reset indicator of sequential behavior
                 */
-               sequential = 0;
-               break;
+               sequential = 0;
+               break;
 
        case VM_BEHAVIOR_SEQUENTIAL:
-               if (offset && last_alloc == offset - PAGE_SIZE_64) {
-                       /*
+               if (offset && last_alloc == offset - PAGE_SIZE_64) {
+                       /*
                         * advance indicator of sequential behavior
                         */
-                       if (sequential < MAX_SEQUENTIAL_RUN)
-                               sequential += PAGE_SIZE;
+                       if (sequential < MAX_SEQUENTIAL_RUN) {
+                               sequential += PAGE_SIZE;
+                       }
                } else {
-                       /*
+                       /*
                         * reset indicator of sequential behavior
                         */
-                       sequential = 0;
+                       sequential = 0;
                }
-               break;
+               break;
 
        case VM_BEHAVIOR_RSEQNTL:
-               if (last_alloc && last_alloc == offset + PAGE_SIZE_64) {
-                       /*
+               if (last_alloc && last_alloc == offset + PAGE_SIZE_64) {
+                       /*
                         * advance indicator of sequential behavior
                         */
-                       if (sequential > -MAX_SEQUENTIAL_RUN)
-                               sequential -= PAGE_SIZE;
+                       if (sequential > -MAX_SEQUENTIAL_RUN) {
+                               sequential -= PAGE_SIZE;
+                       }
                } else {
-                       /*
+                       /*
                         * reset indicator of sequential behavior
                         */
-                       sequential = 0;
+                       sequential = 0;
                }
-               break;
+               break;
 
        case VM_BEHAVIOR_DEFAULT:
        default:
-               if (offset && last_alloc == (offset - PAGE_SIZE_64)) {
-                       /*
+               if (offset && last_alloc == (offset - PAGE_SIZE_64)) {
+                       /*
                         * advance indicator of sequential behavior
                         */
-                       if (sequential < 0)
-                               sequential = 0;
-                       if (sequential < MAX_SEQUENTIAL_RUN)
-                               sequential += PAGE_SIZE;
-
+                       if (sequential < 0) {
+                               sequential = 0;
+                       }
+                       if (sequential < MAX_SEQUENTIAL_RUN) {
+                               sequential += PAGE_SIZE;
+                       }
                } else if (last_alloc && last_alloc == (offset + PAGE_SIZE_64)) {
-                       /*
+                       /*
                         * advance indicator of sequential behavior
                         */
-                       if (sequential > 0)
-                               sequential = 0;
-                       if (sequential > -MAX_SEQUENTIAL_RUN)
-                               sequential -= PAGE_SIZE;
+                       if (sequential > 0) {
+                               sequential = 0;
+                       }
+                       if (sequential > -MAX_SEQUENTIAL_RUN) {
+                               sequential -= PAGE_SIZE;
+                       }
                } else {
-                       /*
+                       /*
                         * reset indicator of sequential behavior
                         */
-                       sequential = 0;
+                       sequential = 0;
                }
-               break;
+               break;
        }
        if (sequential != orig_sequential) {
-               if (!OSCompareAndSwap(orig_sequential, sequential, (UInt32 *)&object->sequential)) {
-                       /*
+               if (!OSCompareAndSwap(orig_sequential, sequential, (UInt32 *)&object->sequential)) {
+                       /*
                         * if someone else has already updated object->sequential
                         * don't bother trying to update it or object->last_alloc
                         */
-                       return;
+                       return;
                }
        }
        /*
@@ -451,61 +484,65 @@ int vm_page_deactivate_behind_count = 0;
 static
 boolean_t
 vm_fault_deactivate_behind(
-       vm_object_t             object,
-       vm_object_offset_t      offset,
-       vm_behavior_t           behavior)
+       vm_object_t             object,
+       vm_object_offset_t      offset,
+       vm_behavior_t           behavior)
 {
-       int             n;
-       int             pages_in_run = 0;
-       int             max_pages_in_run = 0;
-       int             sequential_run;
-       int             sequential_behavior = VM_BEHAVIOR_SEQUENTIAL;
-       vm_object_offset_t      run_offset = 0;
-       vm_object_offset_t      pg_offset = 0;
-       vm_page_t       m;
-       vm_page_t       page_run[VM_DEFAULT_DEACTIVATE_BEHIND_CLUSTER];
+       int             n;
+       int             pages_in_run = 0;
+       int             max_pages_in_run = 0;
+       int             sequential_run;
+       int             sequential_behavior = VM_BEHAVIOR_SEQUENTIAL;
+       vm_object_offset_t      run_offset = 0;
+       vm_object_offset_t      pg_offset = 0;
+       vm_page_t       m;
+       vm_page_t       page_run[VM_DEFAULT_DEACTIVATE_BEHIND_CLUSTER];
 
        pages_in_run = 0;
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0018, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) vm_fault_deactivate_behind); /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0018, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) vm_fault_deactivate_behind); /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
-
-       if (object == kernel_object || vm_page_deactivate_behind == FALSE) {
+       if (object == kernel_object || vm_page_deactivate_behind == FALSE || (vm_object_trunc_page(offset) != offset)) {
                /*
                 * Do not deactivate pages from the kernel object: they
                 * are not intended to become pageable.
                 * or we've disabled the deactivate behind mechanism
+                * or we are dealing with an offset that is not aligned to
+                * the system's PAGE_SIZE because in that case we will
+                * handle the deactivation on the aligned offset and, thus,
+                * the full PAGE_SIZE page once. This helps us avoid the redundant
+                * deactivates and the extra faults.
                 */
                return FALSE;
        }
        if ((sequential_run = object->sequential)) {
-                 if (sequential_run < 0) {
-                         sequential_behavior = VM_BEHAVIOR_RSEQNTL;
-                         sequential_run = 0 - sequential_run;
-                 } else {
-                         sequential_behavior = VM_BEHAVIOR_SEQUENTIAL;
-                 }
+               if (sequential_run < 0) {
+                       sequential_behavior = VM_BEHAVIOR_RSEQNTL;
+                       sequential_run = 0 - sequential_run;
+               } else {
+                       sequential_behavior = VM_BEHAVIOR_SEQUENTIAL;
+               }
        }
        switch (behavior) {
        case VM_BEHAVIOR_RANDOM:
                break;
        case VM_BEHAVIOR_SEQUENTIAL:
-               if (sequential_run >= (int)PAGE_SIZE) {
+               if (sequential_run >= (int)PAGE_SIZE) {
                        run_offset = 0 - PAGE_SIZE_64;
                        max_pages_in_run = 1;
                }
                break;
        case VM_BEHAVIOR_RSEQNTL:
-               if (sequential_run >= (int)PAGE_SIZE) {
+               if (sequential_run >= (int)PAGE_SIZE) {
                        run_offset = PAGE_SIZE_64;
                        max_pages_in_run = 1;
                }
                break;
        case VM_BEHAVIOR_DEFAULT:
        default:
-       {       vm_object_offset_t behind = vm_default_behind * PAGE_SIZE_64;
+       {       vm_object_offset_t behind = vm_default_behind * PAGE_SIZE_64;
 
-               /*
+               /*
                 * determine if the run of sequential accesss has been
                 * long enough on an object with default access behavior
                 * to consider it for deactivation
@@ -516,27 +553,26 @@ vm_fault_deactivate_behind(
                         * in this kind of odd fashion in order to prevent wrap around
                         * at the end points
                         */
-                       if (sequential_behavior == VM_BEHAVIOR_SEQUENTIAL) {
-                               if (offset >= behind) {
+                       if (sequential_behavior == VM_BEHAVIOR_SEQUENTIAL) {
+                               if (offset >= behind) {
                                        run_offset = 0 - behind;
                                        pg_offset = PAGE_SIZE_64;
                                        max_pages_in_run = VM_DEFAULT_DEACTIVATE_BEHIND_CLUSTER;
                                }
                        } else {
-                               if (offset < -behind) {
+                               if (offset < -behind) {
                                        run_offset = behind;
                                        pg_offset = 0 - PAGE_SIZE_64;
                                        max_pages_in_run = VM_DEFAULT_DEACTIVATE_BEHIND_CLUSTER;
                                }
                        }
                }
-               break;
+               break;}
        }
-       }
-        for (n = 0; n < max_pages_in_run; n++) {
+       for (n = 0; n < max_pages_in_run; n++) {
                m = vm_page_lookup(object, offset + run_offset + (n * pg_offset));
 
-               if (m && !m->laundry && !m->busy && !m->no_cache && !m->throttled && !m->fictitious && !m->absent) {
+               if (m && !m->vmp_laundry && !m->vmp_busy && !m->vmp_no_cache && (m->vmp_q_state != VM_PAGE_ON_THROTTLED_Q) && !m->vmp_fictitious && !m->vmp_absent) {
                        page_run[pages_in_run++] = m;
 
                        /*
@@ -550,21 +586,20 @@ vm_fault_deactivate_behind(
                         * in the past (TLB caches don't hang around for very long), and of course could just as easily
                         * have happened before we did the deactivate_behind.
                         */
-                       pmap_clear_refmod_options(m->phys_page, VM_MEM_REFERENCED, PMAP_OPTIONS_NOFLUSH, (void *)NULL);
+                       pmap_clear_refmod_options(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m), VM_MEM_REFERENCED, PMAP_OPTIONS_NOFLUSH, (void *)NULL);
                }
        }
        if (pages_in_run) {
                vm_page_lockspin_queues();
 
                for (n = 0; n < pages_in_run; n++) {
-
                        m = page_run[n];
 
                        vm_page_deactivate_internal(m, FALSE);
 
                        vm_page_deactivate_behind_count++;
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0019, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) m);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0019, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) m);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
                }
                vm_page_unlock_queues();
@@ -576,40 +611,41 @@ vm_fault_deactivate_behind(
 
 
 #if (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG)
-uint32_t       vm_page_creation_throttled_hard = 0;
-uint32_t       vm_page_creation_throttled_soft = 0;
-uint64_t       vm_page_creation_throttle_avoided = 0;
+uint32_t        vm_page_creation_throttled_hard = 0;
+uint32_t        vm_page_creation_throttled_soft = 0;
+uint64_t        vm_page_creation_throttle_avoided = 0;
 #endif /* DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG */
 
 static int
 vm_page_throttled(boolean_t page_kept)
 {
-        clock_sec_t     elapsed_sec;
-        clock_sec_t     tv_sec;
-        clock_usec_t    tv_usec;
-       
+       clock_sec_t     elapsed_sec;
+       clock_sec_t     tv_sec;
+       clock_usec_t    tv_usec;
+
        thread_t thread = current_thread();
-       
-       if (thread->options & TH_OPT_VMPRIV)
-               return (0);
+
+       if (thread->options & TH_OPT_VMPRIV) {
+               return 0;
+       }
 
        if (thread->t_page_creation_throttled) {
                thread->t_page_creation_throttled = 0;
-               
-               if (page_kept == FALSE)
+
+               if (page_kept == FALSE) {
                        goto no_throttle;
+               }
        }
        if (NEED_TO_HARD_THROTTLE_THIS_TASK()) {
 #if (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG)
                thread->t_page_creation_throttled_hard++;
                OSAddAtomic(1, &vm_page_creation_throttled_hard);
 #endif /* DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG */
-               return (HARD_THROTTLE_DELAY);
+               return HARD_THROTTLE_DELAY;
        }
 
-       if ((vm_page_free_count < vm_page_throttle_limit || ((COMPRESSED_PAGER_IS_ACTIVE || DEFAULT_FREEZER_COMPRESSED_PAGER_IS_ACTIVE) && SWAPPER_NEEDS_TO_UNTHROTTLE())) &&
+       if ((vm_page_free_count < vm_page_throttle_limit || (VM_CONFIG_COMPRESSOR_IS_PRESENT && SWAPPER_NEEDS_TO_UNTHROTTLE())) &&
            thread->t_page_creation_count > (VM_PAGE_CREATION_THROTTLE_PERIOD_SECS * VM_PAGE_CREATION_THROTTLE_RATE_PER_SEC)) {
-               
                if (vm_page_free_wanted == 0 && vm_page_free_wanted_privileged == 0) {
 #if (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG)
                        OSAddAtomic64(1, &vm_page_creation_throttle_avoided);
@@ -622,7 +658,6 @@ vm_page_throttled(boolean_t page_kept)
 
                if (elapsed_sec <= VM_PAGE_CREATION_THROTTLE_PERIOD_SECS ||
                    (thread->t_page_creation_count / elapsed_sec) >= VM_PAGE_CREATION_THROTTLE_RATE_PER_SEC) {
-
                        if (elapsed_sec >= (3 * VM_PAGE_CREATION_THROTTLE_PERIOD_SECS)) {
                                /*
                                 * we'll reset our stats to give a well behaved app
@@ -630,28 +665,28 @@ vm_page_throttled(boolean_t page_kept)
                                 * over a long period of time a chance to get out of
                                 * the throttled state... we reset the counter and timestamp
                                 * so that if it stays under the rate limit for the next second
-                                * it will be back in our good graces... if it exceeds it, it 
+                                * it will be back in our good graces... if it exceeds it, it
                                 * will remain in the throttled state
                                 */
                                thread->t_page_creation_time = tv_sec;
                                thread->t_page_creation_count = VM_PAGE_CREATION_THROTTLE_RATE_PER_SEC * (VM_PAGE_CREATION_THROTTLE_PERIOD_SECS - 1);
                        }
-                       ++vm_page_throttle_count;
+                       VM_PAGEOUT_DEBUG(vm_page_throttle_count, 1);
 
                        thread->t_page_creation_throttled = 1;
 
-                       if ((COMPRESSED_PAGER_IS_ACTIVE || DEFAULT_FREEZER_COMPRESSED_PAGER_IS_ACTIVE) && HARD_THROTTLE_LIMIT_REACHED()) {
+                       if (VM_CONFIG_COMPRESSOR_IS_PRESENT && HARD_THROTTLE_LIMIT_REACHED()) {
 #if (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG)
                                thread->t_page_creation_throttled_hard++;
                                OSAddAtomic(1, &vm_page_creation_throttled_hard);
 #endif /* DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG */
-                               return (HARD_THROTTLE_DELAY);
+                               return HARD_THROTTLE_DELAY;
                        } else {
 #if (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG)
                                thread->t_page_creation_throttled_soft++;
                                OSAddAtomic(1, &vm_page_creation_throttled_soft);
 #endif /* DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG */
-                               return (SOFT_THROTTLE_DELAY);
+                               return SOFT_THROTTLE_DELAY;
                        }
                }
                thread->t_page_creation_time = tv_sec;
@@ -660,7 +695,7 @@ vm_page_throttled(boolean_t page_kept)
 no_throttle:
        thread->t_page_creation_count++;
 
-       return (0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -670,49 +705,30 @@ no_throttle:
  * cleanup is based on being called from vm_fault_page
  *
  * object must be locked
- * object == m->object
+ * object == m->vmp_object
  */
 static vm_fault_return_t
-vm_fault_check(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t m, vm_page_t first_m, boolean_t interruptible_state, boolean_t page_throttle)
+vm_fault_check(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t m, vm_page_t first_m, wait_interrupt_t interruptible_state, boolean_t page_throttle)
 {
        int throttle_delay;
 
-        if (object->shadow_severed ||
+       if (object->shadow_severed ||
            VM_OBJECT_PURGEABLE_FAULT_ERROR(object)) {
-               /*
+               /*
                 * Either:
                 * 1. the shadow chain was severed,
                 * 2. the purgeable object is volatile or empty and is marked
                 *    to fault on access while volatile.
                 * Just have to return an error at this point
                 */
-               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL)
-                       VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
+               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
+                       VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
+               }
                vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
 
                thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-               return (VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR);
-       }
-       if (vm_backing_store_low) {
-               /*
-                * are we protecting the system from
-                * backing store exhaustion.  If so
-                * sleep unless we are privileged.
-                */
-               if (!(current_task()->priv_flags & VM_BACKING_STORE_PRIV)) {
-
-                       if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL)
-                               VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
-                       vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
-
-                       assert_wait((event_t)&vm_backing_store_low, THREAD_UNINT);
-
-                       thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
-                       thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
-
-                       return (VM_FAULT_RETRY);
-               }
+               return VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR;
        }
        if (page_throttle == TRUE) {
                if ((throttle_delay = vm_page_throttled(FALSE))) {
@@ -720,8 +736,9 @@ vm_fault_check(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t m, vm_page_t first_m, boolean_t int
                         * we're throttling zero-fills...
                         * treat this as if we couldn't grab a page
                         */
-                       if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL)
+                       if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
                                VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
+                       }
                        vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
 
                        VM_DEBUG_EVENT(vmf_check_zfdelay, VMF_CHECK_ZFDELAY, DBG_FUNC_NONE, throttle_delay, 0, 0, 0);
@@ -734,24 +751,58 @@ vm_fault_check(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t m, vm_page_t first_m, boolean_t int
                        }
                        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                       return (VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE);
+                       return VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE;
                }
        }
-       return (VM_FAULT_SUCCESS);
+       return VM_FAULT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Clear the code signing bits on the given page_t
+ */
+static void
+vm_fault_cs_clear(vm_page_t m)
+{
+       m->vmp_cs_validated = VMP_CS_ALL_FALSE;
+       m->vmp_cs_tainted = VMP_CS_ALL_FALSE;
+       m->vmp_cs_nx = VMP_CS_ALL_FALSE;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Enqueues the given page on the throttled queue.
+ * The caller must hold the vm_page_queue_lock and it will be held on return.
+ */
+static void
+vm_fault_enqueue_throttled_locked(vm_page_t m)
+{
+       LCK_MTX_ASSERT(&vm_page_queue_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+       assert(!VM_PAGE_WIRED(m));
+
+       /*
+        * can't be on the pageout queue since we don't
+        * have a pager to try and clean to
+        */
+       vm_page_queues_remove(m, TRUE);
+       vm_page_check_pageable_safe(m);
+       vm_page_queue_enter(&vm_page_queue_throttled, m, vmp_pageq);
+       m->vmp_q_state = VM_PAGE_ON_THROTTLED_Q;
+       vm_page_throttled_count++;
+}
 
 /*
  * do the work to zero fill a page and
  * inject it into the correct paging queue
  *
- * m->object must be locked
+ * m->vmp_object must be locked
  * page queue lock must NOT be held
  */
 static int
 vm_fault_zero_page(vm_page_t m, boolean_t no_zero_fill)
 {
-        int my_fault = DBG_ZERO_FILL_FAULT;
+       int my_fault = DBG_ZERO_FILL_FAULT;
+       vm_object_t     object;
+
+       object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m);
 
        /*
         * This is is a zero-fill page fault...
@@ -765,55 +816,38 @@ vm_fault_zero_page(vm_page_t m, boolean_t no_zero_fill)
         * execution.  i.e. it is the responsibility
         * of higher layers to call for an instruction
         * sync after changing the contents and before
-        * sending a program into this area.  We 
+        * sending a program into this area.  We
         * choose this approach for performance
         */
-       m->pmapped = TRUE;
-
-       m->cs_validated = FALSE;
-       m->cs_tainted = FALSE;
-       m->cs_nx = FALSE;
+       vm_fault_cs_clear(m);
+       m->vmp_pmapped = TRUE;
 
        if (no_zero_fill == TRUE) {
                my_fault = DBG_NZF_PAGE_FAULT;
 
-               if (m->absent && m->busy)
-                       return (my_fault);
+               if (m->vmp_absent && m->vmp_busy) {
+                       return my_fault;
+               }
        } else {
                vm_page_zero_fill(m);
 
                VM_STAT_INCR(zero_fill_count);
                DTRACE_VM2(zfod, int, 1, (uint64_t *), NULL);
        }
-       assert(!m->laundry);
-       assert(m->object != kernel_object);
-       //assert(m->pageq.next == NULL && m->pageq.prev == NULL);
-
-       if (!VM_DYNAMIC_PAGING_ENABLED(memory_manager_default) &&
-               (m->object->purgable == VM_PURGABLE_DENY ||
-                m->object->purgable == VM_PURGABLE_NONVOLATILE ||
-                m->object->purgable == VM_PURGABLE_VOLATILE )) {
-
+       assert(!m->vmp_laundry);
+       assert(object != kernel_object);
+       //assert(m->vmp_pageq.next == 0 && m->vmp_pageq.prev == 0);
+       if (!VM_DYNAMIC_PAGING_ENABLED() &&
+           (object->purgable == VM_PURGABLE_DENY ||
+           object->purgable == VM_PURGABLE_NONVOLATILE ||
+           object->purgable == VM_PURGABLE_VOLATILE)) {
                vm_page_lockspin_queues();
-
-               if (!VM_DYNAMIC_PAGING_ENABLED(memory_manager_default)) {
-                       assert(!VM_PAGE_WIRED(m));
-
-                       /*
-                        * can't be on the pageout queue since we don't
-                        * have a pager to try and clean to
-                        */
-                       assert(!m->pageout_queue);
-
-                       vm_page_queues_remove(m);
-                       vm_page_check_pageable_safe(m);
-                       queue_enter(&vm_page_queue_throttled, m, vm_page_t, pageq);
-                       m->throttled = TRUE;
-                       vm_page_throttled_count++;
+               if (!VM_DYNAMIC_PAGING_ENABLED()) {
+                       vm_fault_enqueue_throttled_locked(m);
                }
                vm_page_unlock_queues();
        }
-       return (my_fault);
+       return my_fault;
 }
 
 
@@ -827,7 +861,7 @@ vm_fault_zero_page(vm_page_t m, boolean_t no_zero_fill)
  *             The required permissions for the page is given
  *             in "fault_type".  Desired permissions are included
  *             in "protection".
- *             fault_info is passed along to determine pagein cluster 
+ *             fault_info is passed along to determine pagein cluster
  *             limits... it contains the expected reference pattern,
  *             cluster size if available, etc...
  *
@@ -859,9 +893,9 @@ vm_fault_zero_page(vm_page_t m, boolean_t no_zero_fill)
  *             The "result_page" is also left busy.  It is not removed
  *             from the pageout queues.
  *     Special Case:
- *             A return value of VM_FAULT_SUCCESS_NO_PAGE means that the 
+ *             A return value of VM_FAULT_SUCCESS_NO_PAGE means that the
  *             fault succeeded but there's no VM page (i.e. the VM object
- *             does not actually hold VM pages, but device memory or
+ *              does not actually hold VM pages, but device memory or
  *             large pages).  The object is still locked and we still hold a
  *             paging_in_progress reference.
  */
@@ -871,121 +905,94 @@ unsigned int vm_fault_page_forced_retry = 0;
 vm_fault_return_t
 vm_fault_page(
        /* Arguments: */
-       vm_object_t     first_object,   /* Object to begin search */
-       vm_object_offset_t first_offset,        /* Offset into object */
-       vm_prot_t       fault_type,     /* What access is requested */
-       boolean_t       must_be_resident,/* Must page be resident? */
-       boolean_t       caller_lookup,  /* caller looked up page */
+       vm_object_t     first_object,   /* Object to begin search */
+       vm_object_offset_t first_offset,        /* Offset into object */
+       vm_prot_t       fault_type,     /* What access is requested */
+       boolean_t       must_be_resident,/* Must page be resident? */
+       boolean_t       caller_lookup,  /* caller looked up page */
        /* Modifies in place: */
-       vm_prot_t       *protection,    /* Protection for mapping */
-       vm_page_t       *result_page,   /* Page found, if successful */
+       vm_prot_t       *protection,    /* Protection for mapping */
+       vm_page_t       *result_page,   /* Page found, if successful */
        /* Returns: */
-       vm_page_t       *top_page,      /* Page in top object, if
-                                        * not result_page.  */
+       vm_page_t       *top_page,      /* Page in top object, if
+                                         * not result_page.  */
        int             *type_of_fault, /* if non-null, fill in with type of fault
-                                        * COW, zero-fill, etc... returned in trace point */
+                                         * COW, zero-fill, etc... returned in trace point */
        /* More arguments: */
-       kern_return_t   *error_code,    /* code if page is in error */
-       boolean_t       no_zero_fill,   /* don't zero fill absent pages */
-       boolean_t       data_supply,    /* treat as data_supply if 
-                                        * it is a write fault and a full
-                                        * page is provided */
+       kern_return_t   *error_code,    /* code if page is in error */
+       boolean_t       no_zero_fill,   /* don't zero fill absent pages */
+       boolean_t       data_supply,    /* treat as data_supply if
+                                         * it is a write fault and a full
+                                         * page is provided */
        vm_object_fault_info_t fault_info)
 {
-       vm_page_t               m;
-       vm_object_t             object;
-       vm_object_offset_t      offset;
-       vm_page_t               first_m;
-       vm_object_t             next_object;
-       vm_object_t             copy_object;
-       boolean_t               look_for_page;
-       boolean_t               force_fault_retry = FALSE;
-       vm_prot_t               access_required = fault_type;
-       vm_prot_t               wants_copy_flag;
-       CLUSTER_STAT(int pages_at_higher_offsets;)
-       CLUSTER_STAT(int pages_at_lower_offsets;)
-       kern_return_t           wait_result;
-       boolean_t               interruptible_state;
-       boolean_t               data_already_requested = FALSE;
-       vm_behavior_t           orig_behavior;
-       vm_size_t               orig_cluster_size;
-       vm_fault_return_t       error;
-       int                     my_fault;
-       uint32_t                try_failed_count;
-       int                     interruptible; /* how may fault be interrupted? */
-       int                     external_state = VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_UNKNOWN;
-       memory_object_t         pager;
-       vm_fault_return_t       retval;
+       vm_page_t               m;
+       vm_object_t             object;
+       vm_object_offset_t      offset;
+       vm_page_t               first_m;
+       vm_object_t             next_object;
+       vm_object_t             copy_object;
+       boolean_t               look_for_page;
+       boolean_t               force_fault_retry = FALSE;
+       vm_prot_t               access_required = fault_type;
+       vm_prot_t               wants_copy_flag;
+       kern_return_t           wait_result;
+       wait_interrupt_t        interruptible_state;
+       boolean_t               data_already_requested = FALSE;
+       vm_behavior_t           orig_behavior;
+       vm_size_t               orig_cluster_size;
+       vm_fault_return_t       error;
+       int                     my_fault;
+       uint32_t                try_failed_count;
+       int                     interruptible; /* how may fault be interrupted? */
+       int                     external_state = VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_UNKNOWN;
+       memory_object_t         pager;
+       vm_fault_return_t       retval;
+       int                     grab_options;
 
 /*
- * MACH page map - an optional optimization where a bit map is maintained
- * by the VM subsystem for internal objects to indicate which pages of
- * the object currently reside on backing store.  This existence map
- * duplicates information maintained by the vnode pager.  It is 
- * created at the time of the first pageout against the object, i.e. 
- * at the same time pager for the object is created.  The optimization
- * is designed to eliminate pager interaction overhead, if it is 
- * 'known' that the page does not exist on backing store.
- *
- * MUST_ASK_PAGER() evaluates to TRUE if the page specified by object/offset is 
- * either marked as paged out in the existence map for the object or no 
- * existence map exists for the object.  MUST_ASK_PAGER() is one of the
- * criteria in the decision to invoke the pager.   It is also used as one
- * of the criteria to terminate the scan for adjacent pages in a clustered
- * pagein operation.  Note that MUST_ASK_PAGER() always evaluates to TRUE for
- * permanent objects.  Note also that if the pager for an internal object 
- * has not been created, the pager is not invoked regardless of the value 
- * of MUST_ASK_PAGER() and that clustered pagein scans are only done on an object
- * for which a pager has been created.
+ * MUST_ASK_PAGER() evaluates to TRUE if the page specified by object/offset is
+ * marked as paged out in the compressor pager or the pager doesn't exist.
+ * Note also that if the pager for an internal object
+ * has not been created, the pager is not invoked regardless of the value
+ * of MUST_ASK_PAGER().
  *
  * PAGED_OUT() evaluates to TRUE if the page specified by the object/offset
- * is marked as paged out in the existence map for the object.  PAGED_OUT()
+ * is marked as paged out in the compressor pager.
  * PAGED_OUT() is used to determine if a page has already been pushed
  * into a copy object in order to avoid a redundant page out operation.
  */
-#if MACH_PAGEMAP
-#define MUST_ASK_PAGER(o, f, s)                                        \
-       ((vm_external_state_get((o)->existence_map, (f))        \
-         != VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_ABSENT) &&                       \
-        (s = (VM_COMPRESSOR_PAGER_STATE_GET((o), (f))))        \
-        != VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_ABSENT)
-#define PAGED_OUT(o, f)                                                \
-       ((vm_external_state_get((o)->existence_map, (f))        \
-         == VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_EXISTS) ||                       \
-        (VM_COMPRESSOR_PAGER_STATE_GET((o), (f))               \
-         == VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_EXISTS))
-#else /* MACH_PAGEMAP */
-#define MUST_ASK_PAGER(o, f, s)                                        \
+#define MUST_ASK_PAGER(o, f, s)                                 \
        ((s = VM_COMPRESSOR_PAGER_STATE_GET((o), (f))) != VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_ABSENT)
+
 #define PAGED_OUT(o, f) \
        (VM_COMPRESSOR_PAGER_STATE_GET((o), (f)) == VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_EXISTS)
-#endif /* MACH_PAGEMAP */
 
 /*
  *     Recovery actions
  */
-#define RELEASE_PAGE(m)                                        \
-       MACRO_BEGIN                                     \
-       PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);                            \
-       if (!m->active && !m->inactive && !m->throttled) {              \
-               vm_page_lockspin_queues();                              \
-               if (!m->active && !m->inactive && !m->throttled) {      \
-                       if (COMPRESSED_PAGER_IS_ACTIVE) \
-                                vm_page_deactivate(m);                  \
-                        else                                           \
-                               vm_page_activate(m);                    \
-               }                                                       \
-               vm_page_unlock_queues();                                \
-       }                                                               \
+#define RELEASE_PAGE(m)                                 \
+       MACRO_BEGIN                                     \
+       PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);                            \
+       if ( !VM_PAGE_PAGEABLE(m)) {                    \
+               vm_page_lockspin_queues();              \
+               if ( !VM_PAGE_PAGEABLE(m)) {            \
+                       if (VM_CONFIG_COMPRESSOR_IS_ACTIVE)     \
+                               vm_page_deactivate(m);          \
+                       else                                    \
+                               vm_page_activate(m);            \
+               }                                               \
+               vm_page_unlock_queues();                        \
+       }                                                       \
        MACRO_END
 
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0002, (unsigned int) first_object, (unsigned int) first_offset); /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0002, (unsigned int) first_object, (unsigned int) first_offset); /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
 
        interruptible = fault_info->interruptible;
        interruptible_state = thread_interrupt_level(interruptible);
+
        /*
         *      INVARIANTS (through entire routine):
         *
@@ -1017,11 +1024,6 @@ vm_fault_page(
        first_m = VM_PAGE_NULL;
        access_required = fault_type;
 
-
-       XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-               "vm_f_page: obj 0x%X, offset 0x%X, type %d, prot %d\n",
-               object, offset, fault_type, *protection, 0);
-
        /*
         * default type of fault
         */
@@ -1029,17 +1031,25 @@ vm_fault_page(
 
        while (TRUE) {
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0003, (unsigned int) 0, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0003, (unsigned int) 0, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
+
+               grab_options = 0;
+#if CONFIG_SECLUDED_MEMORY
+               if (object->can_grab_secluded) {
+                       grab_options |= VM_PAGE_GRAB_SECLUDED;
+               }
+#endif /* CONFIG_SECLUDED_MEMORY */
+
                if (!object->alive) {
-                       /*
+                       /*
                         * object is no longer valid
                         * clean up and return error
                         */
                        vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
                        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                       return (VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR);
+                       return VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR;
                }
 
                if (!object->pager_created && object->phys_contiguous) {
@@ -1065,8 +1075,8 @@ vm_fault_page(
                        vm_object_paging_end(object);
                        while (object->blocked_access) {
                                vm_object_sleep(object,
-                                               VM_OBJECT_EVENT_UNBLOCKED,
-                                               THREAD_UNINT);
+                                   VM_OBJECT_EVENT_UNBLOCKED,
+                                   THREAD_UNINT);
                        }
                        vm_fault_page_blocked_access++;
                        vm_object_paging_begin(object);
@@ -1087,47 +1097,44 @@ vm_fault_page(
                        m = *result_page;
                        caller_lookup = FALSE; /* no longer valid after that */
                } else {
-                       m = vm_page_lookup(object, offset);
+                       m = vm_page_lookup(object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset));
                }
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0004, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) object);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0004, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) object);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
                if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-
-                       if (m->busy) {
-                               /*
+                       if (m->vmp_busy) {
+                               /*
                                 * The page is being brought in,
                                 * wait for it and then retry.
                                 */
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0005, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0005, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
                                wait_result = PAGE_SLEEP(object, m, interruptible);
 
-                               XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-                                   "vm_f_page: block busy obj 0x%X, offset 0x%X, page 0x%X\n",
-                                   object, offset,
-                                   m, 0, 0);
                                counter(c_vm_fault_page_block_busy_kernel++);
 
                                if (wait_result != THREAD_AWAKENED) {
                                        vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
                                        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                                       if (wait_result == THREAD_RESTART)
-                                               return (VM_FAULT_RETRY);
-                                       else
-                                               return (VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED);
+                                       if (wait_result == THREAD_RESTART) {
+                                               return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
+                                       } else {
+                                               return VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED;
+                                       }
                                }
                                continue;
                        }
-                       if (m->laundry) {
-                               m->pageout = FALSE;
+                       if (m->vmp_laundry) {
+                               m->vmp_free_when_done = FALSE;
 
-                               if (!m->cleaning) 
+                               if (!m->vmp_cleaning) {
                                        vm_pageout_steal_laundry(m, FALSE);
+                               }
                        }
-                       if (m->phys_page == vm_page_guard_addr) {
+                       if (VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m) == vm_page_guard_addr) {
                                /*
                                 * Guard page: off limits !
                                 */
@@ -1138,12 +1145,13 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                         * be just to wire or unwire it.
                                         * Let's pretend it succeeded...
                                         */
-                                       m->busy = TRUE;
+                                       m->vmp_busy = TRUE;
                                        *result_page = m;
                                        assert(first_m == VM_PAGE_NULL);
                                        *top_page = first_m;
-                                       if (type_of_fault)
+                                       if (type_of_fault) {
                                                *type_of_fault = DBG_GUARD_FAULT;
+                                       }
                                        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
                                        return VM_FAULT_SUCCESS;
                                } else {
@@ -1157,41 +1165,42 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                }
                        }
 
-                       if (m->error) {
-                               /*
+                       if (m->vmp_error) {
+                               /*
                                 * The page is in error, give up now.
                                 */
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0006, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) error_code);      /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0006, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) error_code);      /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
-                               if (error_code)
-                                       *error_code = KERN_MEMORY_ERROR;
+                               if (error_code) {
+                                       *error_code = KERN_MEMORY_ERROR;
+                               }
                                VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
 
                                vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
                                thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                               return (VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR);
+                               return VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR;
                        }
-                       if (m->restart) {
-                               /*
+                       if (m->vmp_restart) {
+                               /*
                                 * The pager wants us to restart
                                 * at the top of the chain,
                                 * typically because it has moved the
                                 * page to another pager, then do so.
                                 */
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0007, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0007, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
                                VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
 
                                vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
                                thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                               return (VM_FAULT_RETRY);
+                               return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
                        }
-                       if (m->absent) {
-                               /*
+                       if (m->vmp_absent) {
+                               /*
                                 * The page isn't busy, but is absent,
                                 * therefore it's deemed "unavailable".
                                 *
@@ -1200,7 +1209,7 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                 * next object (if there is one).
                                 */
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0008, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) object->shadow);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0008, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) object->shadow);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
                                next_object = object->shadow;
 
@@ -1216,23 +1225,18 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                        /*
                                         * check for any conditions that prevent
                                         * us from creating a new zero-fill page
-                                        * vm_fault_check will do all of the 
+                                        * vm_fault_check will do all of the
                                         * fault cleanup in the case of an error condition
                                         * including resetting the thread_interrupt_level
                                         */
                                        error = vm_fault_check(object, m, first_m, interruptible_state, (type_of_fault == NULL) ? TRUE : FALSE);
 
-                                       if (error != VM_FAULT_SUCCESS)
-                                               return (error);
-
-                                       XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-                                           "vm_f_page: zero obj 0x%X, off 0x%X, page 0x%X, first_obj 0x%X\n",
-                                               object, offset,
-                                               m,
-                                               first_object, 0);
+                                       if (error != VM_FAULT_SUCCESS) {
+                                               return error;
+                                       }
 
                                        if (object != first_object) {
-                                               /*
+                                               /*
                                                 * free the absent page we just found
                                                 */
                                                VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
@@ -1244,7 +1248,7 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                                vm_object_unlock(object);
 
                                                /*
-                                                * grab the original page we 
+                                                * grab the original page we
                                                 * 'soldered' in place and
                                                 * retake lock on 'first_object'
                                                 */
@@ -1256,15 +1260,16 @@ vm_fault_page(
 
                                                vm_object_lock(object);
                                        } else {
-                                               /*
+                                               /*
                                                 * we're going to use the absent page we just found
                                                 * so convert it to a 'busy' page
                                                 */
-                                               m->absent = FALSE;
-                                               m->busy = TRUE;
+                                               m->vmp_absent = FALSE;
+                                               m->vmp_busy = TRUE;
+                                       }
+                                       if (fault_info->mark_zf_absent && no_zero_fill == TRUE) {
+                                               m->vmp_absent = TRUE;
                                        }
-                                       if (fault_info->mark_zf_absent && no_zero_fill == TRUE)
-                                               m->absent = TRUE;
                                        /*
                                         * zero-fill the page and put it on
                                         * the correct paging queue
@@ -1273,28 +1278,20 @@ vm_fault_page(
 
                                        break;
                                } else {
-                                       if (must_be_resident)
+                                       if (must_be_resident) {
                                                vm_object_paging_end(object);
-                                       else if (object != first_object) {
+                                       else if (object != first_object) {
                                                vm_object_paging_end(object);
                                                VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
                                        } else {
                                                first_m = m;
-                                               m->absent = FALSE;
-                                               m->busy = TRUE;
+                                               m->vmp_absent = FALSE;
+                                               m->vmp_busy = TRUE;
 
                                                vm_page_lockspin_queues();
-
-                                               assert(!m->pageout_queue);
-                                               vm_page_queues_remove(m);
-
+                                               vm_page_queues_remove(m, FALSE);
                                                vm_page_unlock_queues();
                                        }
-                                       XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-                                           "vm_f_page: unavail obj 0x%X, off 0x%X, next_obj 0x%X, newoff 0x%X\n",
-                                               object, offset,
-                                               next_object,
-                                               offset+object->vo_shadow_offset,0);
 
                                        offset += object->vo_shadow_offset;
                                        fault_info->lo_offset += object->vo_shadow_offset;
@@ -1305,7 +1302,7 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                        vm_object_unlock(object);
                                        object = next_object;
                                        vm_object_paging_begin(object);
-                                       
+
                                        /*
                                         * reset to default type of fault
                                         */
@@ -1314,7 +1311,7 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                        continue;
                                }
                        }
-                       if ((m->cleaning)
+                       if ((m->vmp_cleaning)
                            && ((object != first_object) || (object->copy != VM_OBJECT_NULL))
                            && (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE)) {
                                /*
@@ -1328,26 +1325,22 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                 * wired mapping.
                                 */
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0009, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) offset);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0009, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) offset);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
-                               XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-                                   "vm_f_page: cleaning obj 0x%X, offset 0x%X, page 0x%X\n",
-                                       object, offset,
-                                       m, 0, 0);
                                /*
                                 * take an extra ref so that object won't die
                                 */
                                vm_object_reference_locked(object);
 
                                vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
-                               
+
                                counter(c_vm_fault_page_block_backoff_kernel++);
                                vm_object_lock(object);
                                assert(object->ref_count > 0);
 
-                               m = vm_page_lookup(object, offset);
+                               m = vm_page_lookup(object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset));
 
-                               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL && m->cleaning) {
+                               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL && m->vmp_cleaning) {
                                        PAGE_ASSERT_WAIT(m, interruptible);
 
                                        vm_object_unlock(object);
@@ -1361,17 +1354,17 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                        vm_object_deallocate(object);
                                        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                                       return (VM_FAULT_RETRY);
+                                       return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
                                }
                        }
-                       if (type_of_fault == NULL && m->speculative &&
+                       if (type_of_fault == NULL && (m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_ON_SPECULATIVE_Q) &&
                            !(fault_info != NULL && fault_info->stealth)) {
-                               /*
+                               /*
                                 * If we were passed a non-NULL pointer for
                                 * "type_of_fault", than we came from
                                 * vm_fault... we'll let it deal with
                                 * this condition, since it
-                                * needs to see m->speculative to correctly
+                                * needs to see m->vmp_speculative to correctly
                                 * account the pageins, otherwise...
                                 * take it off the speculative queue, we'll
                                 * let the caller of vm_fault_page deal
@@ -1381,37 +1374,15 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                 * it wants a "stealth" fault, we also leave
                                 * the page in the speculative queue.
                                 */
-                               vm_page_lockspin_queues();
-                               if (m->speculative)
-                                       vm_page_queues_remove(m);
-                               vm_page_unlock_queues();
-                       }
-
-                       if (m->encrypted) {
-                               /*
-                                * ENCRYPTED SWAP:
-                                * the user needs access to a page that we
-                                * encrypted before paging it out.
-                                * Decrypt the page now.
-                                * Keep it busy to prevent anyone from
-                                * accessing it during the decryption.
-                                */
-                               m->busy = TRUE;
-                               vm_page_decrypt(m, 0);
-                               assert(object == m->object);
-                               assert(m->busy);
-                               PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);
-
-                               /*
-                                * Retry from the top, in case
-                                * something changed while we were
-                                * decrypting.
-                                */
-                               continue;
+                               vm_page_lockspin_queues();
+                               if (m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_ON_SPECULATIVE_Q) {
+                                       vm_page_queues_remove(m, FALSE);
+                               }
+                               vm_page_unlock_queues();
                        }
-                       ASSERT_PAGE_DECRYPTED(m);
+                       assert(object == VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m));
 
-                       if (m->object->code_signed) {
+                       if (object->code_signed) {
                                /*
                                 * CODE SIGNING:
                                 * We just paged in a page from a signed
@@ -1431,18 +1402,15 @@ vm_fault_page(
                         * remove the page from the queue, but not the object
                         */
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF000B, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF000B, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
-                       XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-                           "vm_f_page: found page obj 0x%X, offset 0x%X, page 0x%X\n",
-                               object, offset, m, 0, 0);
-                       assert(!m->busy);
-                       assert(!m->absent);
+                       assert(!m->vmp_busy);
+                       assert(!m->vmp_absent);
 
-                       m->busy = TRUE;
+                       m->vmp_busy = TRUE;
                        break;
                }
-               
+
 
                /*
                 * we get here when there is no page present in the object at
@@ -1451,6 +1419,7 @@ vm_fault_page(
                 * this object can provide the data or we're the top object...
                 * object is locked;  m == NULL
                 */
+
                if (must_be_resident) {
                        if (fault_type == VM_PROT_NONE &&
                            object == kernel_object) {
@@ -1470,40 +1439,42 @@ vm_fault_page(
                        goto dont_look_for_page;
                }
 
-#if !MACH_PAGEMAP
+               /* Don't expect to fault pages into the kernel object. */
+               assert(object != kernel_object);
+
                data_supply = FALSE;
-#endif /* !MACH_PAGEMAP */
 
-               look_for_page = (object->pager_created && (MUST_ASK_PAGER(object, offset, external_state) == TRUE) && !data_supply);
-               
+               look_for_page = (object->pager_created && (MUST_ASK_PAGER(object, offset, external_state) == TRUE) && !data_supply);
+
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-               dbgTrace(0xBEEF000C, (unsigned int) look_for_page, (unsigned int) object);      /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+               dbgTrace(0xBEEF000C, (unsigned int) look_for_page, (unsigned int) object);      /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
                if (!look_for_page && object == first_object && !object->phys_contiguous) {
                        /*
                         * Allocate a new page for this object/offset pair as a placeholder
                         */
-                       m = vm_page_grab();
+                       m = vm_page_grab_options(grab_options);
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF000D, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) object);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF000D, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) object);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
                        if (m == VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-
                                vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
                                thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                               return (VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE);
+                               return VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE;
                        }
 
                        if (fault_info && fault_info->batch_pmap_op == TRUE) {
-                               vm_page_insert_internal(m, object, offset, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
+                               vm_page_insert_internal(m, object,
+                                   vm_object_trunc_page(offset),
+                                   VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
                        } else {
-                               vm_page_insert(m, object, offset);
+                               vm_page_insert(m, object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset));
                        }
                }
                if (look_for_page) {
-                       kern_return_t   rc;
-                       int             my_fault_type;
+                       kern_return_t   rc;
+                       int             my_fault_type;
 
                        /*
                         *      If the memory manager is not ready, we
@@ -1511,14 +1482,11 @@ vm_fault_page(
                         */
                        if (!object->pager_ready) {
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF000E, (unsigned int) 0, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF000E, (unsigned int) 0, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
-                               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL)
-                                       VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
-
-                               XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-                               "vm_f_page: ready wait obj 0x%X, offset 0x%X\n",
-                                       object, offset, 0, 0, 0);
+                               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
+                                       VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
+                               }
 
                                /*
                                 * take an extra ref so object won't die
@@ -1534,8 +1502,9 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                        wait_result = vm_object_assert_wait(object, VM_OBJECT_EVENT_PAGER_READY, interruptible);
 
                                        vm_object_unlock(object);
-                                       if (wait_result == THREAD_WAITING)
+                                       if (wait_result == THREAD_WAITING) {
                                                wait_result = thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
+                                       }
                                        vm_object_deallocate(object);
 
                                        goto backoff;
@@ -1544,7 +1513,7 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                        vm_object_deallocate(object);
                                        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                                       return (VM_FAULT_RETRY);
+                                       return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
                                }
                        }
                        if (!object->internal && !object->phys_contiguous && object->paging_in_progress > vm_object_pagein_throttle) {
@@ -1554,10 +1523,11 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                 * wait for them to be resolved now.
                                 */
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0010, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0010, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
-                               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL)
+                               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
                                        VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
+                               }
                                /*
                                 * take an extra ref so object won't die
                                 */
@@ -1571,7 +1541,7 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                assert(object->ref_count > 0);
 
                                if (object->paging_in_progress >= vm_object_pagein_throttle) {
-                                       vm_object_assert_wait(object, VM_OBJECT_EVENT_PAGING_ONLY_IN_PROGRESS, interruptible);
+                                       vm_object_assert_wait(object, VM_OBJECT_EVENT_PAGING_ONLY_IN_PROGRESS, interruptible);
 
                                        vm_object_unlock(object);
                                        wait_result = thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
@@ -1583,40 +1553,39 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                        vm_object_deallocate(object);
                                        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                                       return (VM_FAULT_RETRY);
+                                       return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
                                }
                        }
-                       if (object->internal &&
-                           (COMPRESSED_PAGER_IS_ACTIVE
-                            || DEFAULT_FREEZER_COMPRESSED_PAGER_IS_ACTIVE)) {
+                       if (object->internal) {
                                int compressed_count_delta;
 
+                               assert(VM_CONFIG_COMPRESSOR_IS_PRESENT);
+
                                if (m == VM_PAGE_NULL) {
                                        /*
                                         * Allocate a new page for this object/offset pair as a placeholder
                                         */
-                                       m = vm_page_grab();
+                                       m = vm_page_grab_options(grab_options);
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF000D, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) object);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF000D, (unsigned int) m, (unsigned int) object);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
                                        if (m == VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-
                                                vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
                                                thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                                               return (VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE);
+                                               return VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE;
                                        }
 
-                                       m->absent = TRUE;
+                                       m->vmp_absent = TRUE;
                                        if (fault_info && fault_info->batch_pmap_op == TRUE) {
-                                               vm_page_insert_internal(m, object, offset, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
+                                               vm_page_insert_internal(m, object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset), VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
                                        } else {
-                                               vm_page_insert(m, object, offset);
+                                               vm_page_insert(m, object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset));
                                        }
                                }
-                               assert(m->busy);
-                                       
-                               m->absent = TRUE;
+                               assert(m->vmp_busy);
+
+                               m->vmp_absent = TRUE;
                                pager = object->pager;
 
                                assert(object->paging_in_progress > 0);
@@ -1625,13 +1594,13 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                rc = vm_compressor_pager_get(
                                        pager,
                                        offset + object->paging_offset,
-                                       m->phys_page,
+                                       VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m),
                                        &my_fault_type,
                                        0,
                                        &compressed_count_delta);
 
                                if (type_of_fault == NULL) {
-                                       int     throttle_delay;
+                                       int     throttle_delay;
 
                                        /*
                                         * we weren't called from vm_fault, so we
@@ -1656,10 +1625,10 @@ vm_fault_page(
 
                                switch (rc) {
                                case KERN_SUCCESS:
-                                       m->absent = FALSE;
-                                       m->dirty = TRUE;
-                                       if ((m->object->wimg_bits &
-                                            VM_WIMG_MASK) !=
+                                       m->vmp_absent = FALSE;
+                                       m->vmp_dirty = TRUE;
+                                       if ((object->wimg_bits &
+                                           VM_WIMG_MASK) !=
                                            VM_WIMG_USE_DEFAULT) {
                                                /*
                                                 * If the page is not cacheable,
@@ -1668,9 +1637,9 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                                 * after the decompression.
                                                 */
                                                pmap_sync_page_attributes_phys(
-                                                       m->phys_page);
+                                                       VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m));
                                        } else {
-                                               m->written_by_kernel = TRUE;
+                                               m->vmp_written_by_kernel = TRUE;
                                        }
 
                                        /*
@@ -1681,33 +1650,34 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                         * "compressed purgeable" ledger, so
                                         * update that now.
                                         */
-                                       if ((object->purgable !=
-                                            VM_PURGABLE_DENY) &&
-                                           (object->vo_purgeable_owner !=
-                                            NULL)) {
+                                       if (((object->purgable !=
+                                           VM_PURGABLE_DENY) ||
+                                           object->vo_ledger_tag) &&
+                                           (object->vo_owner !=
+                                           NULL)) {
                                                /*
                                                 * One less compressed
-                                                * purgeable page.
+                                                * purgeable/tagged page.
                                                 */
-                                               vm_purgeable_compressed_update(
+                                               vm_object_owner_compressed_update(
                                                        object,
                                                        -1);
                                        }
 
                                        break;
                                case KERN_MEMORY_FAILURE:
-                                       m->unusual = TRUE;
-                                       m->error = TRUE;
-                                       m->absent = FALSE;
+                                       m->vmp_unusual = TRUE;
+                                       m->vmp_error = TRUE;
+                                       m->vmp_absent = FALSE;
                                        break;
                                case KERN_MEMORY_ERROR:
-                                       assert(m->absent);
+                                       assert(m->vmp_absent);
                                        break;
                                default:
                                        panic("vm_fault_page(): unexpected "
-                                             "error %d from "
-                                             "vm_compressor_pager_get()\n",
-                                             rc);
+                                           "error %d from "
+                                           "vm_compressor_pager_get()\n",
+                                           rc);
                                }
                                PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);
 
@@ -1715,19 +1685,19 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                goto data_requested;
                        }
                        my_fault_type = DBG_PAGEIN_FAULT;
-               
+
                        if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
                                VM_PAGE_FREE(m);
                                m = VM_PAGE_NULL;
                        }
 
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0012, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) 0);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0012, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) 0);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
 
                        /*
                         * It's possible someone called vm_object_destroy while we weren't
-                        * holding the object lock.  If that has happened, then bail out 
+                        * holding the object lock.  If that has happened, then bail out
                         * here.
                         */
 
@@ -1744,6 +1714,10 @@ vm_fault_page(
                         * so we can release the object lock.
                         */
 
+                       if (object->object_is_shared_cache) {
+                               set_thread_rwlock_boost();
+                       }
+
                        vm_object_unlock(object);
 
                        /*
@@ -1757,15 +1731,11 @@ vm_fault_page(
                         * and its pushing pages up into a copy of
                         * the object that it manages.
                         */
-                       if (object->copy_strategy == MEMORY_OBJECT_COPY_CALL && object != first_object)
+                       if (object->copy_strategy == MEMORY_OBJECT_COPY_CALL && object != first_object) {
                                wants_copy_flag = VM_PROT_WANTS_COPY;
-                       else
+                       } else {
                                wants_copy_flag = VM_PROT_NONE;
-
-                       XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-                           "vm_f_page: data_req obj 0x%X, offset 0x%X, page 0x%X, acc %d\n",
-                               object, offset, m,
-                               access_required | wants_copy_flag, 0);
+                       }
 
                        if (object->copy == first_object) {
                                /*
@@ -1786,8 +1756,8 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                 * the fault w/o having to go through memory_object_data_request again
                                 */
                                assert(first_m != VM_PAGE_NULL);
-                               assert(first_m->object == first_object);
-                                       
+                               assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(first_m) == first_object);
+
                                vm_object_lock(first_object);
                                VM_PAGE_FREE(first_m);
                                vm_object_paging_end(first_object);
@@ -1811,7 +1781,7 @@ vm_fault_page(
                         */
                        rc = memory_object_data_request(
                                pager,
-                               offset + object->paging_offset,
+                               vm_object_trunc_page(offset) + object->paging_offset,
                                PAGE_SIZE,
                                access_required | wants_copy_flag,
                                (memory_object_fault_info_t)fault_info);
@@ -1819,24 +1789,28 @@ vm_fault_page(
                        if (data_already_requested == TRUE) {
                                fault_info->behavior = orig_behavior;
                                fault_info->cluster_size = orig_cluster_size;
-                       } else
+                       } else {
                                data_already_requested = TRUE;
+                       }
 
                        DTRACE_VM2(maj_fault, int, 1, (uint64_t *), NULL);
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0013, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) rc); /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+                       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0013, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) rc); /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
                        vm_object_lock(object);
 
-               data_requested:
-                       if (rc != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+                       if (object->object_is_shared_cache) {
+                               clear_thread_rwlock_boost();
+                       }
 
+data_requested:
+                       if (rc != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                                vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
                                thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                               return ((rc == MACH_SEND_INTERRUPTED) ?
-                                       VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED :
-                                       VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR);
+                               return (rc == MACH_SEND_INTERRUPTED) ?
+                                      VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED :
+                                      VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR;
                        } else {
                                clock_sec_t     tv_sec;
                                clock_usec_t    tv_usec;
@@ -1848,23 +1822,21 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                }
                        }
                        if ((interruptible != THREAD_UNINT) && (current_thread()->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_ABORT)) {
-
                                vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
                                thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                               return (VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED);
+                               return VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED;
                        }
                        if (force_fault_retry == TRUE) {
-
                                vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
                                thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                               return (VM_FAULT_RETRY);
+                               return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
                        }
                        if (m == VM_PAGE_NULL && object->phys_contiguous) {
                                /*
                                 * No page here means that the object we
-                                * initially looked up was "physically 
+                                * initially looked up was "physically
                                 * contiguous" (i.e. device memory).  However,
                                 * with Virtual VRAM, the object might not
                                 * be backed by that device memory anymore,
@@ -1875,7 +1847,7 @@ vm_fault_page(
                                 * page fault against the object's new backing
                                 * store (different memory object).
                                 */
-                       phys_contig_object:
+phys_contig_object:
                                goto done;
                        }
                        /*
@@ -1894,24 +1866,20 @@ vm_fault_page(
                }
 dont_look_for_page:
                /*
-                * We get here if the object has no pager, or an existence map 
+                * We get here if the object has no pager, or an existence map
                 * exists and indicates the page isn't present on the pager
                 * or we're unwiring a page.  If a pager exists, but there
-                * is no existence map, then the m->absent case above handles
+                * is no existence map, then the m->vmp_absent case above handles
                 * the ZF case when the pager can't provide the page
                 */
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0014, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) m);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0014, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) m);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
-               if (object == first_object)
+               if (object == first_object) {
                        first_m = m;
-               else
+               } else {
                        assert(m == VM_PAGE_NULL);
-
-               XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-                   "vm_f_page: no pager obj 0x%X, offset 0x%X, page 0x%X, next_obj 0x%X\n",
-                       object, offset, m,
-                       object->shadow, 0);
+               }
 
                next_object = object->shadow;
 
@@ -1931,46 +1899,48 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                                vm_object_lock(object);
                        }
                        m = first_m;
-                       assert(m->object == object);
+                       assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m) == object);
                        first_m = VM_PAGE_NULL;
 
                        /*
                         * check for any conditions that prevent
                         * us from creating a new zero-fill page
-                        * vm_fault_check will do all of the 
+                        * vm_fault_check will do all of the
                         * fault cleanup in the case of an error condition
                         * including resetting the thread_interrupt_level
                         */
                        error = vm_fault_check(object, m, first_m, interruptible_state, (type_of_fault == NULL) ? TRUE : FALSE);
 
-                       if (error != VM_FAULT_SUCCESS)
-                               return (error);
+                       if (error != VM_FAULT_SUCCESS) {
+                               return error;
+                       }
 
                        if (m == VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-                               m = vm_page_grab();
+                               m = vm_page_grab_options(grab_options);
 
                                if (m == VM_PAGE_NULL) {
                                        vm_fault_cleanup(object, VM_PAGE_NULL);
                                        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                                       return (VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE);
+                                       return VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE;
                                }
-                               vm_page_insert(m, object, offset);
+                               vm_page_insert(m, object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset));
+                       }
+                       if (fault_info->mark_zf_absent && no_zero_fill == TRUE) {
+                               m->vmp_absent = TRUE;
                        }
-                       if (fault_info->mark_zf_absent && no_zero_fill == TRUE)
-                               m->absent = TRUE;
 
                        my_fault = vm_fault_zero_page(m, no_zero_fill);
 
                        break;
-
                } else {
-                       /*
+                       /*
                         * Move on to the next object.  Lock the next
                         * object before unlocking the current one.
                         */
-                       if ((object != first_object) || must_be_resident)
+                       if ((object != first_object) || must_be_resident) {
                                vm_object_paging_end(object);
+                       }
 
                        offset += object->vo_shadow_offset;
                        fault_info->lo_offset += object->vo_shadow_offset;
@@ -2004,26 +1974,14 @@ dont_look_for_page:
         */
 
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0015, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) m);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+       dbgTrace(0xBEEF0015, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) m);  /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
-#if    EXTRA_ASSERTIONS
-       assert(m->busy && !m->absent);
+#if     EXTRA_ASSERTIONS
+       assert(m->vmp_busy && !m->vmp_absent);
        assert((first_m == VM_PAGE_NULL) ||
-              (first_m->busy && !first_m->absent &&
-               !first_m->active && !first_m->inactive));
-#endif /* EXTRA_ASSERTIONS */
-
-       /*
-        * ENCRYPTED SWAP:
-        * If we found a page, we must have decrypted it before we
-        * get here...
-        */
-       ASSERT_PAGE_DECRYPTED(m);
-
-       XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-           "vm_f_page: FOUND obj 0x%X, off 0x%X, page 0x%X, 1_obj 0x%X, 1_m 0x%X\n",
-               object, offset, m,
-               first_object, first_m);
+           (first_m->vmp_busy && !first_m->vmp_absent &&
+           !first_m->vmp_active && !first_m->vmp_inactive && !first_m->vmp_secluded));
+#endif  /* EXTRA_ASSERTIONS */
 
        /*
         * If the page is being written, but isn't
@@ -2032,11 +1990,10 @@ dont_look_for_page:
         * by the top-level object.
         */
        if (object != first_object) {
-
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0016, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) fault_type); /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0016, (unsigned int) object, (unsigned int) fault_type); /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
-               if (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
+               if (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
                        vm_page_t copy_m;
 
                        /*
@@ -2045,25 +2002,6 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                         */
                        assert(!must_be_resident);
 
-                       /*
-                        * are we protecting the system from
-                        * backing store exhaustion.  If so
-                        * sleep unless we are privileged.
-                        */
-                       if (vm_backing_store_low) {
-                               if (!(current_task()->priv_flags & VM_BACKING_STORE_PRIV)) {
-
-                                       RELEASE_PAGE(m);
-                                       vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
-
-                                       assert_wait((event_t)&vm_backing_store_low, THREAD_UNINT);
-
-                                       thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
-                                       thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
-
-                                       return (VM_FAULT_RETRY);
-                               }
-                       }
                        /*
                         * If we try to collapse first_object at this
                         * point, we may deadlock when we try to get
@@ -2083,7 +2021,7 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                        /*
                         * Allocate a page for the copy
                         */
-                       copy_m = vm_page_grab();
+                       copy_m = vm_page_grab_options(grab_options);
 
                        if (copy_m == VM_PAGE_NULL) {
                                RELEASE_PAGE(m);
@@ -2091,12 +2029,8 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                                vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
                                thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                               return (VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE);
+                               return VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE;
                        }
-                       XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-                           "vm_f_page: page_copy obj 0x%X, offset 0x%X, m 0x%X, copy_m 0x%X\n",
-                               object, offset,
-                               m, copy_m, 0);
 
                        vm_page_copy(m, copy_m);
 
@@ -2112,20 +2046,31 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                         * access to this page, then we could
                         * avoid the pmap_disconnect() call.
                         */
-                       if (m->pmapped)
-                               pmap_disconnect(m->phys_page);
+                       if (m->vmp_pmapped) {
+                               pmap_disconnect(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m));
+                       }
 
-                       if (m->clustered) {
+                       if (m->vmp_clustered) {
                                VM_PAGE_COUNT_AS_PAGEIN(m);
                                VM_PAGE_CONSUME_CLUSTERED(m);
                        }
-                       assert(!m->cleaning);
+                       assert(!m->vmp_cleaning);
 
                        /*
                         * We no longer need the old page or object.
                         */
                        RELEASE_PAGE(m);
 
+                       /*
+                        * This check helps with marking the object as having a sequential pattern
+                        * Normally we'll miss doing this below because this fault is about COW to
+                        * the first_object i.e. bring page in from disk, push to object above but
+                        * don't update the file object's sequential pattern.
+                        */
+                       if (object->internal == FALSE) {
+                               vm_fault_is_sequential(object, offset, fault_info->behavior);
+                       }
+
                        vm_object_paging_end(object);
                        vm_object_unlock(object);
 
@@ -2144,13 +2089,13 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                         */
                        VM_PAGE_FREE(first_m);
                        first_m = VM_PAGE_NULL;
-                       
+
                        /*
                         * and replace it with the
                         * page we just copied into
                         */
-                       assert(copy_m->busy);
-                       vm_page_insert(copy_m, object, offset);
+                       assert(copy_m->vmp_busy);
+                       vm_page_insert(copy_m, object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset));
                        SET_PAGE_DIRTY(copy_m, TRUE);
 
                        m = copy_m;
@@ -2159,13 +2104,13 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                         * way, let's try to collapse the top object.
                         * But we have to play ugly games with
                         * paging_in_progress to do that...
-                        */     
-                       vm_object_paging_end(object); 
-                       vm_object_collapse(object, offset, TRUE);
+                        */
+                       vm_object_paging_end(object);
+                       vm_object_collapse(object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset), TRUE);
                        vm_object_paging_begin(object);
-
-               } else
-                       *protection &= (~VM_PROT_WRITE);
+               } else {
+                       *protection &= (~VM_PROT_WRITE);
+               }
        }
        /*
         * Now check whether the page needs to be pushed into the
@@ -2177,11 +2122,11 @@ dont_look_for_page:
        try_failed_count = 0;
 
        while ((copy_object = first_object->copy) != VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
-               vm_object_offset_t      copy_offset;
-               vm_page_t               copy_m;
+               vm_object_offset_t      copy_offset;
+               vm_page_t               copy_m;
 
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0017, (unsigned int) copy_object, (unsigned int) fault_type);    /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+               dbgTrace(0xBEEF0017, (unsigned int) copy_object, (unsigned int) fault_type);    /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
                /*
                 * If the page is being written, but hasn't been
@@ -2196,18 +2141,18 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                 * If the page was guaranteed to be resident,
                 * we must have already performed the copy.
                 */
-               if (must_be_resident)
+               if (must_be_resident) {
                        break;
+               }
 
                /*
                 * Try to get the lock on the copy_object.
                 */
                if (!vm_object_lock_try(copy_object)) {
-
                        vm_object_unlock(object);
                        try_failed_count++;
 
-                       mutex_pause(try_failed_count);  /* wait a bit */
+                       mutex_pause(try_failed_count);  /* wait a bit */
                        vm_object_lock(object);
 
                        continue;
@@ -2225,17 +2170,18 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                 * Does the page exist in the copy?
                 */
                copy_offset = first_offset - copy_object->vo_shadow_offset;
+               copy_offset = vm_object_trunc_page(copy_offset);
 
-               if (copy_object->vo_size <= copy_offset)
+               if (copy_object->vo_size <= copy_offset) {
                        /*
                         * Copy object doesn't cover this page -- do nothing.
                         */
                        ;
-               else if ((copy_m = vm_page_lookup(copy_object, copy_offset)) != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
+               else if ((copy_m = vm_page_lookup(copy_object, copy_offset)) != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
                        /*
                         * Page currently exists in the copy object
                         */
-                       if (copy_m->busy) {
+                       if (copy_m->vmp_busy) {
                                /*
                                 * If the page is being brought
                                 * in, wait for it and then retry.
@@ -2257,13 +2203,8 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                                copy_object->ref_count--;
                                assert(copy_object->ref_count > 0);
                                copy_m = vm_page_lookup(copy_object, copy_offset);
-                               /*
-                                * ENCRYPTED SWAP:
-                                * it's OK if the "copy_m" page is encrypted,
-                                * because we're not moving it nor handling its
-                                * contents.
-                                */
-                               if (copy_m != VM_PAGE_NULL && copy_m->busy) {
+
+                               if (copy_m != VM_PAGE_NULL && copy_m->vmp_busy) {
                                        PAGE_ASSERT_WAIT(copy_m, interruptible);
 
                                        vm_object_unlock(copy_object);
@@ -2276,11 +2217,10 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                                        vm_object_deallocate(copy_object);
                                        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                                       return (VM_FAULT_RETRY);
+                                       return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
                                }
                        }
-               }
-               else if (!PAGED_OUT(copy_object, copy_offset)) {
+               } else if (!PAGED_OUT(copy_object, copy_offset)) {
                        /*
                         * If PAGED_OUT is TRUE, then the page used to exist
                         * in the copy-object, and has already been paged out.
@@ -2289,32 +2229,7 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                         * for example) or it hasn't been paged out.
                         * (VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_UNKNOWN||VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_ABSENT)
                         * We must copy the page to the copy object.
-                        */
-
-                       if (vm_backing_store_low) {
-                               /*
-                                * we are protecting the system from
-                                * backing store exhaustion.  If so
-                                * sleep unless we are privileged.
-                                */
-                               if (!(current_task()->priv_flags & VM_BACKING_STORE_PRIV)) {
-                                       assert_wait((event_t)&vm_backing_store_low, THREAD_UNINT);
-
-                                       RELEASE_PAGE(m);
-                                       VM_OBJ_RES_DECR(copy_object);
-                                       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(copy_object);
-                                       copy_object->ref_count--;
-                                       assert(copy_object->ref_count > 0);
-
-                                       vm_object_unlock(copy_object);
-                                       vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
-                                       thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
-                                       thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
-
-                                       return (VM_FAULT_RETRY);
-                               }
-                       }
-                       /*
+                        *
                         * Allocate a page for the copy
                         */
                        copy_m = vm_page_alloc(copy_object, copy_offset);
@@ -2331,23 +2246,24 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                                vm_fault_cleanup(object, first_m);
                                thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-                               return (VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE);
+                               return VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE;
                        }
                        /*
                         * Must copy page into copy-object.
                         */
                        vm_page_copy(m, copy_m);
-                       
+
                        /*
                         * If the old page was in use by any users
                         * of the copy-object, it must be removed
                         * from all pmaps.  (We can't know which
                         * pmaps use it.)
                         */
-                       if (m->pmapped)
-                               pmap_disconnect(m->phys_page);
+                       if (m->vmp_pmapped) {
+                               pmap_disconnect(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m));
+                       }
 
-                       if (m->clustered) {
+                       if (m->vmp_clustered) {
                                VM_PAGE_COUNT_AS_PAGEIN(m);
                                VM_PAGE_CONSUME_CLUSTERED(m);
                        }
@@ -2356,101 +2272,32 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                         * page out this page, using the "initialize"
                         * option.  Else, we use the copy.
                         */
-                       if ((!copy_object->pager_ready)
-#if MACH_PAGEMAP
-                           || vm_external_state_get(copy_object->existence_map, copy_offset) == VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_ABSENT
-#endif
+                       if ((!copy_object->pager_ready)
                            || VM_COMPRESSOR_PAGER_STATE_GET(copy_object, copy_offset) == VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_ABSENT
                            ) {
-
                                vm_page_lockspin_queues();
-                               assert(!m->cleaning);
+                               assert(!m->vmp_cleaning);
                                vm_page_activate(copy_m);
                                vm_page_unlock_queues();
 
                                SET_PAGE_DIRTY(copy_m, TRUE);
                                PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(copy_m);
+                       } else {
+                               assert(copy_m->vmp_busy == TRUE);
+                               assert(!m->vmp_cleaning);
 
-                       } else if (copy_object->internal &&
-                                  (DEFAULT_PAGER_IS_ACTIVE || DEFAULT_FREEZER_IS_ACTIVE)) {
                                /*
-                                * For internal objects check with the pager to see
-                                * if the page already exists in the backing store.
-                                * If yes, then we can drop the copy page. If not,
-                                * then we'll activate it, mark it dirty and keep it
-                                * around.
+                                * dirty is protected by the object lock
                                 */
-                               
-                               kern_return_t kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
-
-                               memory_object_t copy_pager = copy_object->pager;
-                               assert(copy_pager != MEMORY_OBJECT_NULL);
-                               vm_object_paging_begin(copy_object);
-
-                               vm_object_unlock(copy_object);
-
-                               kr = memory_object_data_request(
-                                       copy_pager,
-                                       copy_offset + copy_object->paging_offset,
-                                       0, /* Only query the pager. */
-                                       VM_PROT_READ,
-                                       NULL);
-                               
-                               vm_object_lock(copy_object);
-
-                               vm_object_paging_end(copy_object);
+                               SET_PAGE_DIRTY(copy_m, TRUE);
 
                                /*
-                                * Since we dropped the copy_object's lock,
-                                * check whether we'll have to deallocate 
-                                * the hard way.
+                                * The page is already ready for pageout:
+                                * not on pageout queues and busy.
+                                * Unlock everything except the
+                                * copy_object itself.
                                 */
-                               if ((copy_object->shadow != object) || (copy_object->ref_count == 1)) {
-                                       vm_object_unlock(copy_object);
-                                       vm_object_deallocate(copy_object);
-                                       vm_object_lock(object);
-
-                                       continue;
-                               }
-                               if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * The pager has the page. We don't want to overwrite
-                                        * that page by sending this one out to the backing store.
-                                        * So we drop the copy page.
-                                        */
-                                       VM_PAGE_FREE(copy_m);
-
-                               } else {
-                                       /*
-                                        * The pager doesn't have the page. We'll keep this one
-                                        * around in the copy object. It might get sent out to 
-                                        * the backing store under memory pressure.      
-                                        */
-                                       vm_page_lockspin_queues();
-                                       assert(!m->cleaning);
-                                       vm_page_activate(copy_m);
-                                       vm_page_unlock_queues();
-
-                                       SET_PAGE_DIRTY(copy_m, TRUE);
-                                       PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(copy_m);
-                               } 
-                       } else {
-                               
-                               assert(copy_m->busy == TRUE);
-                               assert(!m->cleaning);
-
-                               /*
-                                * dirty is protected by the object lock
-                                */
-                               SET_PAGE_DIRTY(copy_m, TRUE);
-
-                               /*
-                                * The page is already ready for pageout:
-                                * not on pageout queues and busy.
-                                * Unlock everything except the
-                                * copy_object itself.
-                                */
-                               vm_object_unlock(object);
+                               vm_object_unlock(object);
 
                                /*
                                 * Write the page to the copy-object,
@@ -2490,8 +2337,8 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                         * wait result].  Can't turn off the page's
                         * busy bit because we're not done with it.
                         */
-                       if (m->wanted) {
-                               m->wanted = FALSE;
+                       if (m->vmp_wanted) {
+                               m->vmp_wanted = FALSE;
                                thread_wakeup_with_result((event_t) m, THREAD_RESTART);
                        }
                }
@@ -2506,7 +2353,7 @@ dont_look_for_page:
                copy_object->ref_count--;
                assert(copy_object->ref_count > 0);
 
-               VM_OBJ_RES_DECR(copy_object);   
+               VM_OBJ_RES_DECR(copy_object);
                vm_object_unlock(copy_object);
 
                break;
@@ -2516,36 +2363,44 @@ done:
        *result_page = m;
        *top_page = first_m;
 
-       XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-               "vm_f_page: DONE obj 0x%X, offset 0x%X, m 0x%X, first_m 0x%X\n",
-               object, offset, m, first_m, 0);
-
        if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
+               assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m) == object);
+
                retval = VM_FAULT_SUCCESS;
 
                if (my_fault == DBG_PAGEIN_FAULT) {
-
                        VM_PAGE_COUNT_AS_PAGEIN(m);
 
-                       if (m->object->internal)
+                       if (object->internal) {
                                my_fault = DBG_PAGEIND_FAULT;
-                       else
+                       } else {
                                my_fault = DBG_PAGEINV_FAULT;
+                       }
 
-                       /*
+                       /*
                         * evaluate access pattern and update state
                         * vm_fault_deactivate_behind depends on the
                         * state being up to date
                         */
-                       vm_fault_is_sequential(object, offset, fault_info->behavior);
-
+                       vm_fault_is_sequential(object, offset, fault_info->behavior);
+                       vm_fault_deactivate_behind(object, offset, fault_info->behavior);
+               } else if (type_of_fault == NULL && my_fault == DBG_CACHE_HIT_FAULT) {
+                       /*
+                        * we weren't called from vm_fault, so handle the
+                        * accounting here for hits in the cache
+                        */
+                       if (m->vmp_clustered) {
+                               VM_PAGE_COUNT_AS_PAGEIN(m);
+                               VM_PAGE_CONSUME_CLUSTERED(m);
+                       }
+                       vm_fault_is_sequential(object, offset, fault_info->behavior);
                        vm_fault_deactivate_behind(object, offset, fault_info->behavior);
                } else if (my_fault == DBG_COMPRESSOR_FAULT || my_fault == DBG_COMPRESSOR_SWAPIN_FAULT) {
-
-                       VM_STAT_INCR(decompressions);
+                       VM_STAT_DECOMPRESSIONS();
+               }
+               if (type_of_fault) {
+                       *type_of_fault = my_fault;
                }
-               if (type_of_fault)
-                       *type_of_fault = my_fault;
        } else {
                retval = VM_FAULT_SUCCESS_NO_VM_PAGE;
                assert(first_m == VM_PAGE_NULL);
@@ -2555,21 +2410,27 @@ done:
        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
 #if TRACEFAULTPAGE
-       dbgTrace(0xBEEF001A, (unsigned int) VM_FAULT_SUCCESS, 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
+       dbgTrace(0xBEEF001A, (unsigned int) VM_FAULT_SUCCESS, 0);       /* (TEST/DEBUG) */
 #endif
        return retval;
 
 backoff:
        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
-       if (wait_result == THREAD_INTERRUPTED)
-               return (VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED);
-       return (VM_FAULT_RETRY);
+       if (wait_result == THREAD_INTERRUPTED) {
+               return VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED;
+       }
+       return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
 
-#undef RELEASE_PAGE
+#undef  RELEASE_PAGE
 }
 
 
+extern int panic_on_cs_killed;
+extern int proc_selfpid(void);
+extern char *proc_name_address(void *p);
+unsigned long cs_enter_tainted_rejected = 0;
+unsigned long cs_enter_tainted_accepted = 0;
 
 /*
  * CODE SIGNING:
@@ -2579,424 +2440,640 @@ backoff:
  * 3. the page belongs to a code-signed object
  * 4. the page has not been validated yet or has been mapped for write.
  */
-#define VM_FAULT_NEED_CS_VALIDATION(pmap, page)                                \
-       ((pmap) != kernel_pmap /*1*/ &&                                 \
-        !(page)->cs_tainted /*2*/ &&                                   \
-        (page)->object->code_signed /*3*/ &&                           \
-        (!(page)->cs_validated || (page)->wpmapped /*4*/))
-
-
-/*
- * page queue lock must NOT be held
- * m->object must be locked
- *
- * NOTE: m->object could be locked "shared" only if we are called
- * from vm_fault() as part of a soft fault.  If so, we must be
- * careful not to modify the VM object in any way that is not
- * legal under a shared lock...
- */
-extern int proc_selfpid(void);
-extern char *proc_name_address(void *p);
-unsigned long cs_enter_tainted_rejected = 0;
-unsigned long cs_enter_tainted_accepted = 0;
-kern_return_t
-vm_fault_enter(vm_page_t m,
-              pmap_t pmap,
-              vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
-              vm_prot_t prot,
-              vm_prot_t caller_prot,
-              boolean_t wired,
-              boolean_t change_wiring,
-              boolean_t no_cache,
-              boolean_t cs_bypass,
-              __unused int      user_tag,
-              int       pmap_options,
-              boolean_t *need_retry,
-              int *type_of_fault)
+static bool
+vm_fault_cs_need_validation(
+       pmap_t pmap,
+       vm_page_t page,
+       vm_object_t page_obj,
+       vm_map_size_t fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset)
 {
-       kern_return_t   kr, pe_result;
-       boolean_t       previously_pmapped = m->pmapped;
-       boolean_t       must_disconnect = 0;
-       boolean_t       map_is_switched, map_is_switch_protected;
-       int             cs_enforcement_enabled;
-       vm_prot_t       fault_type;
-       
-       fault_type = change_wiring ? VM_PROT_NONE : caller_prot;
-
-       vm_object_lock_assert_held(m->object);
-#if DEBUG
-       lck_mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_NOTOWNED);
-#endif /* DEBUG */
-
-       if (m->phys_page == vm_page_guard_addr) {
-               assert(m->fictitious);
-               return KERN_SUCCESS;
+       if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
+               /* 1 - not user space */
+               return false;
        }
-
-       if (*type_of_fault == DBG_ZERO_FILL_FAULT) {
-
-               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(m->object);
-
-       } else if ((fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0) {
-               /*
-                * This is not a "write" fault, so we
-                * might not have taken the object lock
-                * exclusively and we might not be able
-                * to update the "wpmapped" bit in
-                * vm_fault_enter().
-                * Let's just grant read access to
-                * the page for now and we'll
-                * soft-fault again if we need write
-                * access later...
-                */
-               prot &= ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
+       if (!page_obj->code_signed) {
+               /* 3 - page does not belong to a code-signed object */
+               return false;
        }
-       if (m->pmapped == FALSE) {
-
-               if (m->clustered) {
-                       if (*type_of_fault == DBG_CACHE_HIT_FAULT) {
-                               /*
-                                * found it in the cache, but this
-                                * is the first fault-in of the page (m->pmapped == FALSE)
-                                * so it must have come in as part of
-                                * a cluster... account 1 pagein against it
-                                */
-                               if (m->object->internal)
-                                       *type_of_fault = DBG_PAGEIND_FAULT;
-                               else
-                                       *type_of_fault = DBG_PAGEINV_FAULT;
-                               
-                               VM_PAGE_COUNT_AS_PAGEIN(m);
-                       }
-                       VM_PAGE_CONSUME_CLUSTERED(m);
+       if (fault_page_size == PAGE_SIZE) {
+               /* looking at the whole page */
+               assertf(fault_phys_offset == 0,
+                   "fault_page_size 0x%llx fault_phys_offset 0x%llx\n",
+                   (uint64_t)fault_page_size,
+                   (uint64_t)fault_phys_offset);
+               if (page->vmp_cs_tainted == VMP_CS_ALL_TRUE) {
+                       /* 2 - page is all tainted */
+                       return false;
+               }
+               if (page->vmp_cs_validated == VMP_CS_ALL_TRUE &&
+                   !page->vmp_wpmapped) {
+                       /* 4 - already fully validated and never mapped writable */
+                       return false;
+               }
+       } else {
+               /* looking at a specific sub-page */
+               if (VMP_CS_TAINTED(page, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset)) {
+                       /* 2 - sub-page was already marked as tainted */
+                       return false;
+               }
+               if (VMP_CS_VALIDATED(page, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset) &&
+                   !page->vmp_wpmapped) {
+                       /* 4 - already validated and never mapped writable */
+                       return false;
                }
        }
+       /* page needs to be validated */
+       return true;
+}
 
-       if (*type_of_fault != DBG_COW_FAULT) {
-               DTRACE_VM2(as_fault, int, 1, (uint64_t *), NULL);
 
-               if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
-                       DTRACE_VM2(kernel_asflt, int, 1, (uint64_t *), NULL);
-               }
+static bool
+vm_fault_cs_page_immutable(
+       vm_page_t m,
+       vm_map_size_t fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset,
+       vm_prot_t prot __unused)
+{
+       if (VMP_CS_VALIDATED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset)
+           /*&& ((prot) & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)*/) {
+               return true;
        }
+       return false;
+}
 
-       /* Validate code signature if necessary. */
-       if (VM_FAULT_NEED_CS_VALIDATION(pmap, m)) {
-               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(m->object);
+static bool
+vm_fault_cs_page_nx(
+       vm_page_t m,
+       vm_map_size_t fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset)
+{
+       return VMP_CS_NX(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset);
+}
 
-               if (m->cs_validated) {
+/*
+ * Check if the page being entered into the pmap violates code signing.
+ */
+static kern_return_t
+vm_fault_cs_check_violation(
+       bool cs_bypass,
+       vm_object_t object,
+       vm_page_t m,
+       pmap_t pmap,
+       vm_prot_t prot,
+       vm_prot_t caller_prot,
+       vm_map_size_t fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset,
+       vm_object_fault_info_t fault_info,
+       bool map_is_switched,
+       bool map_is_switch_protected,
+       bool *cs_violation)
+{
+#if !PMAP_CS
+#pragma unused(caller_prot)
+#pragma unused(fault_info)
+#endif /* !PMAP_CS */
+       int             cs_enforcement_enabled;
+       if (!cs_bypass &&
+           vm_fault_cs_need_validation(pmap, m, object,
+           fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset)) {
+               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
+
+               if (VMP_CS_VALIDATED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset)) {
                        vm_cs_revalidates++;
                }
 
-               /* VM map is locked, so 1 ref will remain on VM object - 
+               /* VM map is locked, so 1 ref will remain on VM object -
                 * so no harm if vm_page_validate_cs drops the object lock */
-               vm_page_validate_cs(m);
-       }
 
-#define page_immutable(m,prot) ((m)->cs_validated /*&& ((prot) & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)*/)
-#define page_nx(m) ((m)->cs_nx)
+               vm_page_validate_cs(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset);
+       }
 
-       map_is_switched = ((pmap != vm_map_pmap(current_task()->map)) &&
-                          (pmap == vm_map_pmap(current_thread()->map)));
-       map_is_switch_protected = current_thread()->map->switch_protect;
-       
        /* If the map is switched, and is switch-protected, we must protect
-        * some pages from being write-faulted: immutable pages because by 
+        * some pages from being write-faulted: immutable pages because by
         * definition they may not be written, and executable pages because that
         * would provide a way to inject unsigned code.
         * If the page is immutable, we can simply return. However, we can't
         * immediately determine whether a page is executable anywhere. But,
         * we can disconnect it everywhere and remove the executable protection
-        * from the current map. We do that below right before we do the 
+        * from the current map. We do that below right before we do the
         * PMAP_ENTER.
         */
-       cs_enforcement_enabled = cs_enforcement(NULL);
+       if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
+               /* kernel fault: cs_enforcement does not apply */
+               cs_enforcement_enabled = 0;
+       } else {
+               cs_enforcement_enabled = pmap_get_vm_map_cs_enforced(pmap);
+       }
 
-       if(cs_enforcement_enabled && map_is_switched && 
-          map_is_switch_protected && page_immutable(m, prot) && 
-          (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE))
-       {
+       if (cs_enforcement_enabled && map_is_switched &&
+           map_is_switch_protected &&
+           vm_fault_cs_page_immutable(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset, prot) &&
+           (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE)) {
                return KERN_CODESIGN_ERROR;
        }
 
-       if (cs_enforcement_enabled && page_nx(m) && (prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)) {
-               if (cs_debug)
+       if (cs_enforcement_enabled &&
+           vm_fault_cs_page_nx(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset) &&
+           (prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)) {
+               if (cs_debug) {
                        printf("page marked to be NX, not letting it be mapped EXEC\n");
+               }
                return KERN_CODESIGN_ERROR;
        }
 
        /* A page could be tainted, or pose a risk of being tainted later.
         * Check whether the receiving process wants it, and make it feel
         * the consequences (that hapens in cs_invalid_page()).
-        * For CS Enforcement, two other conditions will 
-        * cause that page to be tainted as well: 
+        * For CS Enforcement, two other conditions will
+        * cause that page to be tainted as well:
         * - pmapping an unsigned page executable - this means unsigned code;
         * - writeable mapping of a validated page - the content of that page
         *   can be changed without the kernel noticing, therefore unsigned
         *   code can be created
         */
-       if (!cs_bypass &&
-           (m->cs_tainted ||
-            (cs_enforcement_enabled &&
-             (/* The page is unsigned and wants to be executable */
-              (!m->cs_validated && (prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE))  ||
-              /* The page should be immutable, but is in danger of being modified
-               * This is the case where we want policy from the code directory -
-               * is the page immutable or not? For now we have to assume that 
-               * code pages will be immutable, data pages not.
-               * We'll assume a page is a code page if it has a code directory 
-               * and we fault for execution.
-               * That is good enough since if we faulted the code page for
-               * writing in another map before, it is wpmapped; if we fault
-               * it for writing in this map later it will also be faulted for executing 
-               * at the same time; and if we fault for writing in another map
-               * later, we will disconnect it from this pmap so we'll notice
-               * the change.
-               */
-             (page_immutable(m, prot) && ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) || m->wpmapped))
-             ))
-                   )) 
-       {
-               /* We will have a tainted page. Have to handle the special case
-                * of a switched map now. If the map is not switched, standard
-                * procedure applies - call cs_invalid_page().
-                * If the map is switched, the real owner is invalid already.
-                * There is no point in invalidating the switching process since
-                * it will not be executing from the map. So we don't call
-                * cs_invalid_page() in that case. */
-               boolean_t reject_page;
-               if(map_is_switched) { 
-                       assert(pmap==vm_map_pmap(current_thread()->map));
-                       assert(!(prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) || (map_is_switch_protected == FALSE));
-                       reject_page = FALSE;
-               } else {
-                       if (cs_debug > 5)
-                               printf("vm_fault: signed: %s validate: %s tainted: %s wpmapped: %s slid: %s prot: 0x%x\n", 
-                                      m->object->code_signed ? "yes" : "no",
-                                      m->cs_validated ? "yes" : "no",
-                                      m->cs_tainted ? "yes" : "no",
-                                      m->wpmapped ? "yes" : "no",
-                                      m->slid ? "yes" : "no",
-                                      (int)prot);
-                       reject_page = cs_invalid_page((addr64_t) vaddr);
+       if (cs_bypass) {
+               /* code-signing is bypassed */
+               *cs_violation = FALSE;
+       } else if (VMP_CS_TAINTED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset)) {
+               /* tainted page */
+               *cs_violation = TRUE;
+       } else if (!cs_enforcement_enabled) {
+               /* no further code-signing enforcement */
+               *cs_violation = FALSE;
+       } else if (vm_fault_cs_page_immutable(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset, prot) &&
+           ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) ||
+           m->vmp_wpmapped)) {
+               /*
+                * The page should be immutable, but is in danger of being
+                * modified.
+                * This is the case where we want policy from the code
+                * directory - is the page immutable or not? For now we have
+                * to assume that code pages will be immutable, data pages not.
+                * We'll assume a page is a code page if it has a code directory
+                * and we fault for execution.
+                * That is good enough since if we faulted the code page for
+                * writing in another map before, it is wpmapped; if we fault
+                * it for writing in this map later it will also be faulted for
+                * executing at the same time; and if we fault for writing in
+                * another map later, we will disconnect it from this pmap so
+                * we'll notice the change.
+                */
+               *cs_violation = TRUE;
+       } else if (!VMP_CS_VALIDATED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset) &&
+           (prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)
+           ) {
+               *cs_violation = TRUE;
+       } else {
+               *cs_violation = FALSE;
+       }
+       return KERN_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Handles a code signing violation by either rejecting the page or forcing a disconnect.
+ * @param must_disconnect This value will be set to true if the caller must disconnect
+ * this page.
+ * @return If this function does not return KERN_SUCCESS, the caller must abort the page fault.
+ */
+static kern_return_t
+vm_fault_cs_handle_violation(
+       vm_object_t object,
+       vm_page_t m,
+       pmap_t pmap,
+       vm_prot_t prot,
+       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
+       vm_map_size_t fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset,
+       bool map_is_switched,
+       bool map_is_switch_protected,
+       bool *must_disconnect)
+{
+#if !MACH_ASSERT
+#pragma unused(pmap)
+#pragma unused(map_is_switch_protected)
+#endif /* !MACH_ASSERT */
+       /*
+        * We will have a tainted page. Have to handle the special case
+        * of a switched map now. If the map is not switched, standard
+        * procedure applies - call cs_invalid_page().
+        * If the map is switched, the real owner is invalid already.
+        * There is no point in invalidating the switching process since
+        * it will not be executing from the map. So we don't call
+        * cs_invalid_page() in that case.
+        */
+       boolean_t reject_page, cs_killed;
+       kern_return_t kr;
+       if (map_is_switched) {
+               assert(pmap == vm_map_pmap(current_thread()->map));
+               assert(!(prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) || (map_is_switch_protected == FALSE));
+               reject_page = FALSE;
+       } else {
+               if (cs_debug > 5) {
+                       printf("vm_fault: signed: %s validate: %s tainted: %s wpmapped: %s prot: 0x%x\n",
+                           object->code_signed ? "yes" : "no",
+                           VMP_CS_VALIDATED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset) ? "yes" : "no",
+                           VMP_CS_TAINTED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset) ? "yes" : "no",
+                           m->vmp_wpmapped ? "yes" : "no",
+                           (int)prot);
                }
-               
-               if (reject_page) {
-                       /* reject the invalid page: abort the page fault */
-                       int                     pid;
-                       const char              *procname;
-                       task_t                  task;
-                       vm_object_t             file_object, shadow;
-                       vm_object_offset_t      file_offset;
-                       char                    *pathname, *filename;
-                       vm_size_t               pathname_len, filename_len;
-                       boolean_t               truncated_path;
+               reject_page = cs_invalid_page((addr64_t) vaddr, &cs_killed);
+       }
+
+       if (reject_page) {
+               /* reject the invalid page: abort the page fault */
+               int                     pid;
+               const char              *procname;
+               task_t                  task;
+               vm_object_t             file_object, shadow;
+               vm_object_offset_t      file_offset;
+               char                    *pathname, *filename;
+               vm_size_t               pathname_len, filename_len;
+               boolean_t               truncated_path;
 #define __PATH_MAX 1024
-                       struct timespec         mtime, cs_mtime;
-
-                       kr = KERN_CODESIGN_ERROR;
-                       cs_enter_tainted_rejected++;
-
-                       /* get process name and pid */
-                       procname = "?";
-                       task = current_task();
-                       pid = proc_selfpid();
-                       if (task->bsd_info != NULL)
-                               procname = proc_name_address(task->bsd_info);
-
-                       /* get file's VM object */
-                       file_object = m->object;
-                       file_offset = m->offset;
-                       for (shadow = file_object->shadow;
-                            shadow != VM_OBJECT_NULL;
-                            shadow = file_object->shadow) {
-                               vm_object_lock_shared(shadow);
-                               if (file_object != m->object) {
-                                       vm_object_unlock(file_object);
-                               }
-                               file_offset += file_object->vo_shadow_offset;
-                               file_object = shadow;
-                       }
+               struct timespec         mtime, cs_mtime;
+               int                     shadow_depth;
+               os_reason_t             codesigning_exit_reason = OS_REASON_NULL;
+
+               kr = KERN_CODESIGN_ERROR;
+               cs_enter_tainted_rejected++;
+
+               /* get process name and pid */
+               procname = "?";
+               task = current_task();
+               pid = proc_selfpid();
+               if (task->bsd_info != NULL) {
+                       procname = proc_name_address(task->bsd_info);
+               }
 
-                       mtime.tv_sec = 0;
-                       mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
-                       cs_mtime.tv_sec = 0;
-                       cs_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
+               /* get file's VM object */
+               file_object = object;
+               file_offset = m->vmp_offset;
+               for (shadow = file_object->shadow,
+                   shadow_depth = 0;
+                   shadow != VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+                   shadow = file_object->shadow,
+                   shadow_depth++) {
+                       vm_object_lock_shared(shadow);
+                       if (file_object != object) {
+                               vm_object_unlock(file_object);
+                       }
+                       file_offset += file_object->vo_shadow_offset;
+                       file_object = shadow;
+               }
 
-                       /* get file's pathname and/or filename */
-                       pathname = NULL;
-                       filename = NULL;
-                       pathname_len = 0;
-                       filename_len = 0;
-                       truncated_path = FALSE;
-                       /* no pager -> no file -> no pathname, use "<nil>" in that case */
-                       if (file_object->pager != NULL) {
-                               pathname = (char *)kalloc(__PATH_MAX * 2);
-                               if (pathname) {
-                                       pathname[0] = '\0';
-                                       pathname_len = __PATH_MAX;
-                                       filename = pathname + pathname_len;
-                                       filename_len = __PATH_MAX;
-                               }
-                               vnode_pager_get_object_name(file_object->pager,
-                                                           pathname,
-                                                           pathname_len,
-                                                           filename,
-                                                           filename_len,
-                                                           &truncated_path);
-                               if (pathname) {
+               mtime.tv_sec = 0;
+               mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
+               cs_mtime.tv_sec = 0;
+               cs_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
+
+               /* get file's pathname and/or filename */
+               pathname = NULL;
+               filename = NULL;
+               pathname_len = 0;
+               filename_len = 0;
+               truncated_path = FALSE;
+               /* no pager -> no file -> no pathname, use "<nil>" in that case */
+               if (file_object->pager != NULL) {
+                       pathname = kheap_alloc(KHEAP_TEMP, __PATH_MAX * 2, Z_WAITOK);
+                       if (pathname) {
+                               pathname[0] = '\0';
+                               pathname_len = __PATH_MAX;
+                               filename = pathname + pathname_len;
+                               filename_len = __PATH_MAX;
+
+                               if (vnode_pager_get_object_name(file_object->pager,
+                                   pathname,
+                                   pathname_len,
+                                   filename,
+                                   filename_len,
+                                   &truncated_path) == KERN_SUCCESS) {
                                        /* safety first... */
-                                       pathname[__PATH_MAX-1] = '\0';
-                                       filename[__PATH_MAX-1] = '\0';
+                                       pathname[__PATH_MAX - 1] = '\0';
+                                       filename[__PATH_MAX - 1] = '\0';
+
+                                       vnode_pager_get_object_mtime(file_object->pager,
+                                           &mtime,
+                                           &cs_mtime);
+                               } else {
+                                       kheap_free(KHEAP_TEMP, pathname, __PATH_MAX * 2);
+                                       pathname = NULL;
+                                       filename = NULL;
+                                       pathname_len = 0;
+                                       filename_len = 0;
+                                       truncated_path = FALSE;
                                }
-                               vnode_pager_get_object_mtime(file_object->pager,
-                                                            &mtime,
-                                                            &cs_mtime);
-                       }
-                       printf("CODE SIGNING: process %d[%s]: "
-                              "rejecting invalid page at address 0x%llx "
-                              "from offset 0x%llx in file \"%s%s%s\" "
-                              "(cs_mtime:%lu.%ld %s mtime:%lu.%ld) "
-                              "(signed:%d validated:%d tainted:%d "
-                              "wpmapped:%d slid:%d)\n",
-                              pid, procname, (addr64_t) vaddr,
-                              file_offset,
-                              (pathname ? pathname : "<nil>"),
-                              (truncated_path ? "/.../" : ""),
-                              (truncated_path ? filename : ""),
-                              cs_mtime.tv_sec, cs_mtime.tv_nsec,
-                              ((cs_mtime.tv_sec == mtime.tv_sec &&
-                                cs_mtime.tv_nsec == mtime.tv_nsec)
-                               ? "=="
-                               : "!="),
-                              mtime.tv_sec, mtime.tv_nsec,
-                              m->object->code_signed,
-                              m->cs_validated,
-                              m->cs_tainted,
-                              m->wpmapped,
-                              m->slid);
-                       if (file_object != m->object) {
-                               vm_object_unlock(file_object);
-                       }
-                       if (pathname_len != 0) {
-                               kfree(pathname, __PATH_MAX * 2);
-                               pathname = NULL;
-                               filename = NULL;
                        }
-               } else {
-                       /* proceed with the invalid page */
-                       kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
-                       if (!m->cs_validated) {
-                               /*
-                                * This page has not been validated, so it
-                                * must not belong to a code-signed object
-                                * and should not be forcefully considered
-                                * as tainted.
-                                * We're just concerned about it here because
-                                * we've been asked to "execute" it but that
-                                * does not mean that it should cause other
-                                * accesses to fail.
-                                * This happens when a debugger sets a
-                                * breakpoint and we then execute code in
-                                * that page.  Marking the page as "tainted"
-                                * would cause any inspection tool ("leaks",
-                                * "vmmap", "CrashReporter", ...) to get killed
-                                * due to code-signing violation on that page,
-                                * even though they're just reading it and not
-                                * executing from it.
-                                */
-                               assert(!m->object->code_signed);
+               }
+               printf("CODE SIGNING: process %d[%s]: "
+                   "rejecting invalid page at address 0x%llx "
+                   "from offset 0x%llx in file \"%s%s%s\" "
+                   "(cs_mtime:%lu.%ld %s mtime:%lu.%ld) "
+                   "(signed:%d validated:%d tainted:%d nx:%d "
+                   "wpmapped:%d dirty:%d depth:%d)\n",
+                   pid, procname, (addr64_t) vaddr,
+                   file_offset,
+                   (pathname ? pathname : "<nil>"),
+                   (truncated_path ? "/.../" : ""),
+                   (truncated_path ? filename : ""),
+                   cs_mtime.tv_sec, cs_mtime.tv_nsec,
+                   ((cs_mtime.tv_sec == mtime.tv_sec &&
+                   cs_mtime.tv_nsec == mtime.tv_nsec)
+                   ? "=="
+                   : "!="),
+                   mtime.tv_sec, mtime.tv_nsec,
+                   object->code_signed,
+                   VMP_CS_VALIDATED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset),
+                   VMP_CS_TAINTED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset),
+                   VMP_CS_NX(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset),
+                   m->vmp_wpmapped,
+                   m->vmp_dirty,
+                   shadow_depth);
+
+               /*
+                * We currently only generate an exit reason if cs_invalid_page directly killed a process. If cs_invalid_page
+                * did not kill the process (more the case on desktop), vm_fault_enter will not satisfy the fault and whether the
+                * process dies is dependent on whether there is a signal handler registered for SIGSEGV and how that handler
+                * will deal with the segmentation fault.
+                */
+               if (cs_killed) {
+                       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                           pid, OS_REASON_CODESIGNING, CODESIGNING_EXIT_REASON_INVALID_PAGE, 0, 0);
+
+                       codesigning_exit_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_CODESIGNING, CODESIGNING_EXIT_REASON_INVALID_PAGE);
+                       if (codesigning_exit_reason == NULL) {
+                               printf("vm_fault_enter: failed to allocate codesigning exit reason\n");
                        } else {
-                               /*
-                                * Page might have been tainted before or not;
-                                * now it definitively is. If the page wasn't
-                                * tainted, we must disconnect it from all
-                                * pmaps later, to force existing mappings
-                                * through that code path for re-consideration
-                                * of the validity of that page.
-                                */
-                               must_disconnect = !m->cs_tainted;
-                               m->cs_tainted = TRUE;
+                               mach_vm_address_t data_addr = 0;
+                               struct codesigning_exit_reason_info *ceri = NULL;
+                               uint32_t reason_buffer_size_estimate = kcdata_estimate_required_buffer_size(1, sizeof(*ceri));
+
+                               if (os_reason_alloc_buffer_noblock(codesigning_exit_reason, reason_buffer_size_estimate)) {
+                                       printf("vm_fault_enter: failed to allocate buffer for codesigning exit reason\n");
+                               } else {
+                                       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(&codesigning_exit_reason->osr_kcd_descriptor,
+                                           EXIT_REASON_CODESIGNING_INFO, sizeof(*ceri), &data_addr)) {
+                                               ceri = (struct codesigning_exit_reason_info *)data_addr;
+                                               static_assert(__PATH_MAX == sizeof(ceri->ceri_pathname));
+
+                                               ceri->ceri_virt_addr = vaddr;
+                                               ceri->ceri_file_offset = file_offset;
+                                               if (pathname) {
+                                                       strncpy((char *)&ceri->ceri_pathname, pathname, sizeof(ceri->ceri_pathname));
+                                               } else {
+                                                       ceri->ceri_pathname[0] = '\0';
+                                               }
+                                               if (filename) {
+                                                       strncpy((char *)&ceri->ceri_filename, filename, sizeof(ceri->ceri_filename));
+                                               } else {
+                                                       ceri->ceri_filename[0] = '\0';
+                                               }
+                                               ceri->ceri_path_truncated = (truncated_path ? 1 : 0);
+                                               ceri->ceri_codesig_modtime_secs = cs_mtime.tv_sec;
+                                               ceri->ceri_codesig_modtime_nsecs = cs_mtime.tv_nsec;
+                                               ceri->ceri_page_modtime_secs = mtime.tv_sec;
+                                               ceri->ceri_page_modtime_nsecs = mtime.tv_nsec;
+                                               ceri->ceri_object_codesigned = (object->code_signed);
+                                               ceri->ceri_page_codesig_validated = VMP_CS_VALIDATED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset);
+                                               ceri->ceri_page_codesig_tainted = VMP_CS_TAINTED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset);
+                                               ceri->ceri_page_codesig_nx = VMP_CS_NX(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset);
+                                               ceri->ceri_page_wpmapped = (m->vmp_wpmapped);
+                                               ceri->ceri_page_slid = 0;
+                                               ceri->ceri_page_dirty = (m->vmp_dirty);
+                                               ceri->ceri_page_shadow_depth = shadow_depth;
+                                       } else {
+#if DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT
+                                               panic("vm_fault_enter: failed to allocate kcdata for codesigning exit reason");
+#else
+                                               printf("vm_fault_enter: failed to allocate kcdata for codesigning exit reason\n");
+#endif /* DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT */
+                                               /* Free the buffer */
+                                               os_reason_alloc_buffer_noblock(codesigning_exit_reason, 0);
+                                       }
+                               }
                        }
-                       cs_enter_tainted_accepted++;
+
+                       set_thread_exit_reason(current_thread(), codesigning_exit_reason, FALSE);
                }
-               if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                       if (cs_debug) {
-                               printf("CODESIGNING: vm_fault_enter(0x%llx): "
-                                      "*** INVALID PAGE ***\n",
-                                      (long long)vaddr);
-                       }
-#if !SECURE_KERNEL
-                       if (cs_enforcement_panic) {
-                               panic("CODESIGNING: panicking on invalid page\n");
-                       }
-#endif
+               if (panic_on_cs_killed &&
+                   object->object_is_shared_cache) {
+                       char *tainted_contents;
+                       vm_map_offset_t src_vaddr;
+                       src_vaddr = (vm_map_offset_t) phystokv((pmap_paddr_t)VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m) << PAGE_SHIFT);
+                       tainted_contents = kalloc(PAGE_SIZE);
+                       bcopy((const char *)src_vaddr, tainted_contents, PAGE_SIZE);
+                       printf("CODE SIGNING: tainted page %p phys 0x%x phystokv 0x%llx copied to %p\n", m, VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m), (uint64_t)src_vaddr, tainted_contents);
+                       panic("CODE SIGNING: process %d[%s]: "
+                           "rejecting invalid page (phys#0x%x) at address 0x%llx "
+                           "from offset 0x%llx in file \"%s%s%s\" "
+                           "(cs_mtime:%lu.%ld %s mtime:%lu.%ld) "
+                           "(signed:%d validated:%d tainted:%d nx:%d"
+                           "wpmapped:%d dirty:%d depth:%d)\n",
+                           pid, procname,
+                           VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m),
+                           (addr64_t) vaddr,
+                           file_offset,
+                           (pathname ? pathname : "<nil>"),
+                           (truncated_path ? "/.../" : ""),
+                           (truncated_path ? filename : ""),
+                           cs_mtime.tv_sec, cs_mtime.tv_nsec,
+                           ((cs_mtime.tv_sec == mtime.tv_sec &&
+                           cs_mtime.tv_nsec == mtime.tv_nsec)
+                           ? "=="
+                           : "!="),
+                           mtime.tv_sec, mtime.tv_nsec,
+                           object->code_signed,
+                           VMP_CS_VALIDATED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset),
+                           VMP_CS_TAINTED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset),
+                           VMP_CS_NX(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset),
+                           m->vmp_wpmapped,
+                           m->vmp_dirty,
+                           shadow_depth);
+               }
+
+               if (file_object != object) {
+                       vm_object_unlock(file_object);
+               }
+               if (pathname_len != 0) {
+                       kheap_free(KHEAP_TEMP, pathname, __PATH_MAX * 2);
+                       pathname = NULL;
+                       filename = NULL;
                }
-               
        } else {
-               /* proceed with the valid page */
+               /* proceed with the invalid page */
                kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
+               if (!VMP_CS_VALIDATED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset) &&
+                   !object->code_signed) {
+                       /*
+                        * This page has not been (fully) validated but
+                        * does not belong to a code-signed object
+                        * so it should not be forcefully considered
+                        * as tainted.
+                        * We're just concerned about it here because
+                        * we've been asked to "execute" it but that
+                        * does not mean that it should cause other
+                        * accesses to fail.
+                        * This happens when a debugger sets a
+                        * breakpoint and we then execute code in
+                        * that page.  Marking the page as "tainted"
+                        * would cause any inspection tool ("leaks",
+                        * "vmmap", "CrashReporter", ...) to get killed
+                        * due to code-signing violation on that page,
+                        * even though they're just reading it and not
+                        * executing from it.
+                        */
+               } else {
+                       /*
+                        * Page might have been tainted before or not;
+                        * now it definitively is. If the page wasn't
+                        * tainted, we must disconnect it from all
+                        * pmaps later, to force existing mappings
+                        * through that code path for re-consideration
+                        * of the validity of that page.
+                        */
+                       if (!VMP_CS_TAINTED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset)) {
+                               *must_disconnect = TRUE;
+                               VMP_CS_SET_TAINTED(m, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset, TRUE);
+                       }
+               }
+               cs_enter_tainted_accepted++;
+       }
+       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+               if (cs_debug) {
+                       printf("CODESIGNING: vm_fault_enter(0x%llx): "
+                           "*** INVALID PAGE ***\n",
+                           (long long)vaddr);
+               }
+#if !SECURE_KERNEL
+               if (cs_enforcement_panic) {
+                       panic("CODESIGNING: panicking on invalid page\n");
+               }
+#endif
        }
+       return kr;
+}
 
-       boolean_t       page_queues_locked = FALSE;
-#define __VM_PAGE_LOCKSPIN_QUEUES_IF_NEEDED()  \
-MACRO_BEGIN                                    \
-       if (! page_queues_locked) {             \
-               page_queues_locked = TRUE;      \
-               vm_page_lockspin_queues();      \
-       }                                       \
+/*
+ * Check that the code signature is valid for the given page being inserted into
+ * the pmap.
+ *
+ * @param must_disconnect This value will be set to true if the caller must disconnect
+ * this page.
+ * @return If this function does not return KERN_SUCCESS, the caller must abort the page fault.
+ */
+static kern_return_t
+vm_fault_validate_cs(
+       bool cs_bypass,
+       vm_object_t object,
+       vm_page_t m,
+       pmap_t pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
+       vm_prot_t prot,
+       vm_prot_t caller_prot,
+       vm_map_size_t fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset,
+       vm_object_fault_info_t fault_info,
+       bool *must_disconnect)
+{
+       bool map_is_switched, map_is_switch_protected, cs_violation;
+       kern_return_t kr;
+       /* Validate code signature if necessary. */
+       map_is_switched = ((pmap != vm_map_pmap(current_task()->map)) &&
+           (pmap == vm_map_pmap(current_thread()->map)));
+       map_is_switch_protected = current_thread()->map->switch_protect;
+       kr = vm_fault_cs_check_violation(cs_bypass, object, m, pmap,
+           prot, caller_prot, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset, fault_info,
+           map_is_switched, map_is_switch_protected, &cs_violation);
+       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+               return kr;
+       }
+       if (cs_violation) {
+               kr = vm_fault_cs_handle_violation(object, m, pmap, prot, vaddr,
+                   fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset,
+                   map_is_switched, map_is_switch_protected, must_disconnect);
+       }
+       return kr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Enqueue the page on the appropriate paging queue.
+ */
+static void
+vm_fault_enqueue_page(
+       vm_object_t object,
+       vm_page_t m,
+       bool wired,
+       bool change_wiring,
+       vm_tag_t wire_tag,
+       bool no_cache,
+       int *type_of_fault,
+       kern_return_t kr)
+{
+       assert((m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_USED_BY_COMPRESSOR) || object != compressor_object);
+       boolean_t       page_queues_locked = FALSE;
+       boolean_t       previously_pmapped = m->vmp_pmapped;
+#define __VM_PAGE_LOCKSPIN_QUEUES_IF_NEEDED()   \
+MACRO_BEGIN                                     \
+       if (! page_queues_locked) {             \
+               page_queues_locked = TRUE;      \
+               vm_page_lockspin_queues();      \
+       }                                       \
 MACRO_END
-#define __VM_PAGE_UNLOCK_QUEUES_IF_NEEDED()    \
-MACRO_BEGIN                                    \
-       if (page_queues_locked) {               \
-               page_queues_locked = FALSE;     \
-               vm_page_unlock_queues();        \
-       }                                       \
+#define __VM_PAGE_UNLOCK_QUEUES_IF_NEEDED()     \
+MACRO_BEGIN                                     \
+       if (page_queues_locked) {               \
+               page_queues_locked = FALSE;     \
+               vm_page_unlock_queues();        \
+       }                                       \
 MACRO_END
 
-       /*
-        * Hold queues lock to manipulate
-        * the page queues.  Change wiring
-        * case is obvious.
-        */
-       assert(m->compressor || m->object != compressor_object);
-       if (m->compressor) {
+#if CONFIG_BACKGROUND_QUEUE
+       vm_page_update_background_state(m);
+#endif
+       if (m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_USED_BY_COMPRESSOR) {
                /*
                 * Compressor pages are neither wired
                 * nor pageable and should never change.
                 */
-               assert(m->object == compressor_object);
+               assert(object == compressor_object);
        } else if (change_wiring) {
-               __VM_PAGE_LOCKSPIN_QUEUES_IF_NEEDED();
+               __VM_PAGE_LOCKSPIN_QUEUES_IF_NEEDED();
 
                if (wired) {
                        if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                               vm_page_wire(m, VM_PROT_MEMORY_TAG(caller_prot), TRUE);
+                               vm_page_wire(m, wire_tag, TRUE);
                        }
                } else {
-                       vm_page_unwire(m, TRUE);
+                       vm_page_unwire(m, TRUE);
                }
                /* we keep the page queues lock, if we need it later */
-
        } else {
-               if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                       __VM_PAGE_LOCKSPIN_QUEUES_IF_NEEDED();
-                       vm_page_deactivate(m);
+               if (object->internal == TRUE) {
+                       /*
+                        * don't allow anonymous pages on
+                        * the speculative queues
+                        */
+                       no_cache = FALSE;
+               }
+               if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+                       __VM_PAGE_LOCKSPIN_QUEUES_IF_NEEDED();
+                       vm_page_deactivate(m);
                        /* we keep the page queues lock, if we need it later */
-               } else if (((!m->active && !m->inactive) ||
-                           m->clean_queue ||
-                           no_cache) &&
-                          !VM_PAGE_WIRED(m) && !m->throttled) {
-
+               } else if (((m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_NOT_ON_Q) ||
+                   (m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_ON_SPECULATIVE_Q) ||
+                   (m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_ON_INACTIVE_CLEANED_Q) ||
+                   ((m->vmp_q_state != VM_PAGE_ON_THROTTLED_Q) && no_cache)) &&
+                   !VM_PAGE_WIRED(m)) {
                        if (vm_page_local_q &&
-                           !no_cache &&
                            (*type_of_fault == DBG_COW_FAULT ||
-                            *type_of_fault == DBG_ZERO_FILL_FAULT) ) {
-                               struct vpl      *lq;
-                               uint32_t        lid;
+                           *type_of_fault == DBG_ZERO_FILL_FAULT)) {
+                               struct vpl      *lq;
+                               uint32_t        lid;
+
+                               assert(m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_NOT_ON_Q);
 
                                __VM_PAGE_UNLOCK_QUEUES_IF_NEEDED();
-                               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(m->object);
+                               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
 
                                /*
                                 * we got a local queue to stuff this
@@ -3009,31 +3086,30 @@ MACRO_END
                                 * we'll use the current cpu number to
                                 * select the queue note that we don't
                                 * need to disable preemption... we're
-                                * going to behind the local queue's
+                                * going to be behind the local queue's
                                 * lock to do the real work
                                 */
                                lid = cpu_number();
 
-                               lq = &vm_page_local_q[lid].vpl_un.vpl;
+                               lq = zpercpu_get_cpu(vm_page_local_q, lid);
 
                                VPL_LOCK(&lq->vpl_lock);
 
                                vm_page_check_pageable_safe(m);
-                               queue_enter(&lq->vpl_queue, m,
-                                           vm_page_t, pageq);
-                               m->local = TRUE;
-                               m->local_id = lid;
+                               vm_page_queue_enter(&lq->vpl_queue, m, vmp_pageq);
+                               m->vmp_q_state = VM_PAGE_ON_ACTIVE_LOCAL_Q;
+                               m->vmp_local_id = lid;
                                lq->vpl_count++;
-                                       
-                               if (m->object->internal)
+
+                               if (object->internal) {
                                        lq->vpl_internal_count++;
-                               else
+                               } else {
                                        lq->vpl_external_count++;
+                               }
 
                                VPL_UNLOCK(&lq->vpl_lock);
 
-                               if (lq->vpl_count > vm_page_local_q_soft_limit)
-                               {
+                               if (lq->vpl_count > vm_page_local_q_soft_limit) {
                                        /*
                                         * we're beyond the soft limit
                                         * for the local queue
@@ -3053,7 +3129,6 @@ MACRO_END
                                        vm_page_reactivate_local(lid, FALSE, FALSE);
                                }
                        } else {
-
                                __VM_PAGE_LOCKSPIN_QUEUES_IF_NEEDED();
 
                                /*
@@ -3061,15 +3136,14 @@ MACRO_END
                                 * page queue lock
                                 */
                                if (!VM_PAGE_WIRED(m)) {
-                                       if (m->clean_queue) {
-                                               vm_page_queues_remove(m);
+                                       if (m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_ON_INACTIVE_CLEANED_Q) {
+                                               vm_page_queues_remove(m, FALSE);
 
-                                               vm_pageout_cleaned_reactivated++;
-                                               vm_pageout_cleaned_fault_reactivated++;
+                                               VM_PAGEOUT_DEBUG(vm_pageout_cleaned_reactivated, 1);
+                                               VM_PAGEOUT_DEBUG(vm_pageout_cleaned_fault_reactivated, 1);
                                        }
 
-                                       if ((!m->active &&
-                                            !m->inactive) ||
+                                       if (!VM_PAGE_ACTIVE_OR_INACTIVE(m) ||
                                            no_cache) {
                                                /*
                                                 * If this is a no_cache mapping
@@ -3081,20 +3155,18 @@ MACRO_END
                                                 * that they can be readily
                                                 * recycled if free memory runs
                                                 * low.  Otherwise the page is
-                                                * activated as normal. 
+                                                * activated as normal.
                                                 */
 
                                                if (no_cache &&
                                                    (!previously_pmapped ||
-                                                    m->no_cache)) {
-                                                       m->no_cache = TRUE;
+                                                   m->vmp_no_cache)) {
+                                                       m->vmp_no_cache = TRUE;
 
-                                                       if (!m->speculative) 
+                                                       if (m->vmp_q_state != VM_PAGE_ON_SPECULATIVE_Q) {
                                                                vm_page_speculate(m, FALSE);
-
-                                               } else if (!m->active &&
-                                                          !m->inactive) {
-
+                                                       }
+                                               } else if (!VM_PAGE_ACTIVE_OR_INACTIVE(m)) {
                                                        vm_page_activate(m);
                                                }
                                        }
@@ -3105,189 +3177,503 @@ MACRO_END
        }
        /* we're done with the page queues lock, if we ever took it */
        __VM_PAGE_UNLOCK_QUEUES_IF_NEEDED();
+}
 
-
-       /* If we have a KERN_SUCCESS from the previous checks, we either have
-        * a good page, or a tainted page that has been accepted by the process.
-        * In both cases the page will be entered into the pmap.
-        * If the page is writeable, we need to disconnect it from other pmaps
-        * now so those processes can take note.
+/*
+ * Sets the pmmpped, xpmapped, and wpmapped bits on the vm_page_t and updates accounting.
+ * @return true if the page needs to be sync'ed via pmap_sync-page_data_physo
+ * before being inserted into the pmap.
+ */
+static bool
+vm_fault_enter_set_mapped(
+       vm_object_t object,
+       vm_page_t m,
+       vm_prot_t prot,
+       vm_prot_t fault_type)
+{
+       bool page_needs_sync = false;
+       /*
+        * NOTE: we may only hold the vm_object lock SHARED
+        * at this point, so we need the phys_page lock to
+        * properly serialize updating the pmapped and
+        * xpmapped bits
         */
-       if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS) {
+       if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) && !m->vmp_xpmapped) {
+               ppnum_t phys_page = VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m);
+
+               pmap_lock_phys_page(phys_page);
+               m->vmp_pmapped = TRUE;
+
+               if (!m->vmp_xpmapped) {
+                       m->vmp_xpmapped = TRUE;
+
+                       pmap_unlock_phys_page(phys_page);
 
-               /*
-                * NOTE: we may only hold the vm_object lock SHARED
-                * at this point, so we need the phys_page lock to 
-                * properly serialize updating the pmapped and
-                * xpmapped bits
+                       if (!object->internal) {
+                               OSAddAtomic(1, &vm_page_xpmapped_external_count);
+                       }
+
+#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__)
+                       page_needs_sync = true;
+#else
+                       if (object->internal &&
+                           object->pager != NULL) {
+                               /*
+                                * This page could have been
+                                * uncompressed by the
+                                * compressor pager and its
+                                * contents might be only in
+                                * the data cache.
+                                * Since it's being mapped for
+                                * "execute" for the fist time,
+                                * make sure the icache is in
+                                * sync.
+                                */
+                               assert(VM_CONFIG_COMPRESSOR_IS_PRESENT);
+                               page_needs_sync = true;
+                       }
+#endif
+               } else {
+                       pmap_unlock_phys_page(phys_page);
+               }
+       } else {
+               if (m->vmp_pmapped == FALSE) {
+                       ppnum_t phys_page = VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m);
+
+                       pmap_lock_phys_page(phys_page);
+                       m->vmp_pmapped = TRUE;
+                       pmap_unlock_phys_page(phys_page);
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
+               if (m->vmp_wpmapped == FALSE) {
+                       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
+                       if (!object->internal && object->pager) {
+                               task_update_logical_writes(current_task(), PAGE_SIZE, TASK_WRITE_DEFERRED, vnode_pager_lookup_vnode(object->pager));
+                       }
+                       m->vmp_wpmapped = TRUE;
+               }
+       }
+       return page_needs_sync;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Try to enter the given page into the pmap.
+ * Will retry without execute permission iff PMAP_CS is enabled and we encounter
+ * a codesigning failure on a non-execute fault.
+ */
+static kern_return_t
+vm_fault_attempt_pmap_enter(
+       pmap_t pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
+       vm_map_size_t fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset,
+       vm_page_t m,
+       vm_prot_t *prot,
+       vm_prot_t caller_prot,
+       vm_prot_t fault_type,
+       bool wired,
+       int pmap_options)
+{
+#if !PMAP_CS
+#pragma unused(caller_prot)
+#endif /* !PMAP_CS */
+       kern_return_t kr;
+       if (fault_page_size != PAGE_SIZE) {
+               DEBUG4K_FAULT("pmap %p va 0x%llx pa 0x%llx (0x%llx+0x%llx) prot 0x%x fault_type 0x%x\n", pmap, (uint64_t)vaddr, (uint64_t)((((pmap_paddr_t)VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m)) << PAGE_SHIFT) + fault_phys_offset), (uint64_t)(((pmap_paddr_t)VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m)) << PAGE_SHIFT), (uint64_t)fault_phys_offset, *prot, fault_type);
+               assertf((!(fault_phys_offset & FOURK_PAGE_MASK) &&
+                   fault_phys_offset < PAGE_SIZE),
+                   "0x%llx\n", (uint64_t)fault_phys_offset);
+       } else {
+               assertf(fault_phys_offset == 0,
+                   "0x%llx\n", (uint64_t)fault_phys_offset);
+       }
+
+       PMAP_ENTER_OPTIONS(pmap, vaddr,
+           fault_phys_offset,
+           m, *prot, fault_type, 0,
+           wired,
+           pmap_options,
+           kr);
+       return kr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Enter the given page into the pmap.
+ * The map must be locked shared.
+ * The vm object must NOT be locked.
+ *
+ * @param need_retry if not null, avoid making a (potentially) blocking call into
+ * the pmap layer. When such a call would be necessary, return true in this boolean instead.
+ */
+static kern_return_t
+vm_fault_pmap_enter(
+       pmap_t pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
+       vm_map_size_t fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset,
+       vm_page_t m,
+       vm_prot_t *prot,
+       vm_prot_t caller_prot,
+       vm_prot_t fault_type,
+       bool wired,
+       int pmap_options,
+       boolean_t *need_retry)
+{
+       kern_return_t kr;
+       if (need_retry != NULL) {
+               /*
+                * Although we don't hold a lock on this object, we hold a lock
+                * on the top object in the chain. To prevent a deadlock, we
+                * can't allow the pmap layer to block.
+                */
+               pmap_options |= PMAP_OPTIONS_NOWAIT;
+       }
+       kr = vm_fault_attempt_pmap_enter(pmap, vaddr,
+           fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset,
+           m, prot, caller_prot, fault_type, wired, pmap_options);
+       if (kr == KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE) {
+               if (need_retry) {
+                       /*
+                        * There's nothing we can do here since we hold the
+                        * lock on the top object in the chain. The caller
+                        * will need to deal with this by dropping that lock and retrying.
+                        */
+                       *need_retry = TRUE;
+                       vm_pmap_enter_retried++;
+               }
+       }
+       return kr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Enter the given page into the pmap.
+ * The vm map must be locked shared.
+ * The vm object must be locked exclusive, unless this is a soft fault.
+ * For a soft fault, the object must be locked shared or exclusive.
+ *
+ * @param need_retry if not null, avoid making a (potentially) blocking call into
+ * the pmap layer. When such a call would be necessary, return true in this boolean instead.
+ */
+static kern_return_t
+vm_fault_pmap_enter_with_object_lock(
+       vm_object_t object,
+       pmap_t pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
+       vm_map_size_t fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset,
+       vm_page_t m,
+       vm_prot_t *prot,
+       vm_prot_t caller_prot,
+       vm_prot_t fault_type,
+       bool wired,
+       int pmap_options,
+       boolean_t *need_retry)
+{
+       kern_return_t kr;
+       /*
+        * Prevent a deadlock by not
+        * holding the object lock if we need to wait for a page in
+        * pmap_enter() - <rdar://problem/7138958>
+        */
+       kr = vm_fault_attempt_pmap_enter(pmap, vaddr,
+           fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset,
+           m, prot, caller_prot, fault_type, wired, pmap_options | PMAP_OPTIONS_NOWAIT);
+#if __x86_64__
+       if (kr == KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT &&
+           pmap == PMAP_NULL &&
+           wired) {
+               /*
+                * Wiring a page in a pmap-less VM map:
+                * VMware's "vmmon" kernel extension does this
+                * to grab pages.
+                * Let it proceed even though the PMAP_ENTER() failed.
                 */
-               if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) && !m->xpmapped) {
+               kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
+       }
+#endif /* __x86_64__ */
 
-                       pmap_lock_phys_page(m->phys_page);
+       if (kr == KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE) {
+               if (need_retry) {
                        /*
-                        * go ahead and take the opportunity
-                        * to set 'pmapped' here so that we don't
-                        * need to grab this lock a 2nd time
-                        * just below
+                        * this will be non-null in the case where we hold the lock
+                        * on the top-object in this chain... we can't just drop
+                        * the lock on the object we're inserting the page into
+                        * and recall the PMAP_ENTER since we can still cause
+                        * a deadlock if one of the critical paths tries to
+                        * acquire the lock on the top-object and we're blocked
+                        * in PMAP_ENTER waiting for memory... our only recourse
+                        * is to deal with it at a higher level where we can
+                        * drop both locks.
                         */
-                       m->pmapped = TRUE;
-                       
-                       if (!m->xpmapped) {
+                       *need_retry = TRUE;
+                       vm_pmap_enter_retried++;
+                       goto done;
+               }
+               /*
+                * The nonblocking version of pmap_enter did not succeed.
+                * and we don't need to drop other locks and retry
+                * at the level above us, so
+                * use the blocking version instead. Requires marking
+                * the page busy and unlocking the object
+                */
+               boolean_t was_busy = m->vmp_busy;
 
-                               m->xpmapped = TRUE;
+               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
 
-                               pmap_unlock_phys_page(m->phys_page);
+               m->vmp_busy = TRUE;
+               vm_object_unlock(object);
 
-                               if (!m->object->internal)
-                                       OSAddAtomic(1, &vm_page_xpmapped_external_count);
+               PMAP_ENTER_OPTIONS(pmap, vaddr,
+                   fault_phys_offset,
+                   m, *prot, fault_type,
+                   0, wired,
+                   pmap_options, kr);
 
-                               if ((COMPRESSED_PAGER_IS_ACTIVE) &&
-                                   m->object->internal &&
-                                   m->object->pager != NULL) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * This page could have been
-                                        * uncompressed by the
-                                        * compressor pager and its
-                                        * contents might be only in
-                                        * the data cache.
-                                        * Since it's being mapped for
-                                        * "execute" for the fist time,
-                                        * make sure the icache is in
-                                        * sync.
-                                        */
-                                       pmap_sync_page_data_phys(m->phys_page);
-                               }
-                       } else
-                               pmap_unlock_phys_page(m->phys_page);
+               assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m) == object);
+
+               /* Take the object lock again. */
+               vm_object_lock(object);
+
+               /* If the page was busy, someone else will wake it up.
+                * Otherwise, we have to do it now. */
+               assert(m->vmp_busy);
+               if (!was_busy) {
+                       PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);
+               }
+               vm_pmap_enter_blocked++;
+       }
+
+done:
+       return kr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepare to enter a page into the pmap by checking CS, protection bits,
+ * and setting mapped bits on the page_t.
+ * Does not modify the page's paging queue.
+ *
+ * page queue lock must NOT be held
+ * m->vmp_object must be locked
+ *
+ * NOTE: m->vmp_object could be locked "shared" only if we are called
+ * from vm_fault() as part of a soft fault.
+ */
+static kern_return_t
+vm_fault_enter_prepare(
+       vm_page_t m,
+       pmap_t pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
+       vm_prot_t *prot,
+       vm_prot_t caller_prot,
+       vm_map_size_t fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset,
+       boolean_t change_wiring,
+       vm_prot_t fault_type,
+       vm_object_fault_info_t fault_info,
+       int *type_of_fault,
+       bool *page_needs_data_sync)
+{
+       kern_return_t   kr;
+       bool            is_tainted = false;
+       vm_object_t     object;
+       boolean_t       cs_bypass = fault_info->cs_bypass;
+
+       object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m);
+
+       vm_object_lock_assert_held(object);
+
+#if KASAN
+       if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
+               kasan_notify_address(vaddr, PAGE_SIZE);
+       }
+#endif
+
+       LCK_MTX_ASSERT(&vm_page_queue_lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_NOTOWNED);
+
+       if (*type_of_fault == DBG_ZERO_FILL_FAULT) {
+               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
+       } else if ((fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0 &&
+           !change_wiring &&
+           (!m->vmp_wpmapped
+#if VM_OBJECT_ACCESS_TRACKING
+           || object->access_tracking
+#endif /* VM_OBJECT_ACCESS_TRACKING */
+           )) {
+               /*
+                * This is not a "write" fault, so we
+                * might not have taken the object lock
+                * exclusively and we might not be able
+                * to update the "wpmapped" bit in
+                * vm_fault_enter().
+                * Let's just grant read access to
+                * the page for now and we'll
+                * soft-fault again if we need write
+                * access later...
+                */
+
+               /* This had better not be a JIT page. */
+               if (!pmap_has_prot_policy(pmap, fault_info->pmap_options & PMAP_OPTIONS_TRANSLATED_ALLOW_EXECUTE, *prot)) {
+                       *prot &= ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
                } else {
-                       if (m->pmapped == FALSE) {
-                               pmap_lock_phys_page(m->phys_page);
-                               m->pmapped = TRUE;
-                               pmap_unlock_phys_page(m->phys_page);
+                       assert(cs_bypass);
+               }
+       }
+       if (m->vmp_pmapped == FALSE) {
+               if (m->vmp_clustered) {
+                       if (*type_of_fault == DBG_CACHE_HIT_FAULT) {
+                               /*
+                                * found it in the cache, but this
+                                * is the first fault-in of the page (m->vmp_pmapped == FALSE)
+                                * so it must have come in as part of
+                                * a cluster... account 1 pagein against it
+                                */
+                               if (object->internal) {
+                                       *type_of_fault = DBG_PAGEIND_FAULT;
+                               } else {
+                                       *type_of_fault = DBG_PAGEINV_FAULT;
+                               }
+
+                               VM_PAGE_COUNT_AS_PAGEIN(m);
                        }
+                       VM_PAGE_CONSUME_CLUSTERED(m);
                }
-               if (vm_page_is_slideable(m)) {
-                       boolean_t was_busy = m->busy;
+       }
 
-                       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(m->object);
+       if (*type_of_fault != DBG_COW_FAULT) {
+               DTRACE_VM2(as_fault, int, 1, (uint64_t *), NULL);
 
-                       m->busy = TRUE;
-                       kr = vm_page_slide(m, 0);
-                       assert(m->busy);
-                       if(!was_busy) {
-                               PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);
+               if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
+                       DTRACE_VM2(kernel_asflt, int, 1, (uint64_t *), NULL);
+               }
+       }
+
+       kr = vm_fault_validate_cs(cs_bypass, object, m, pmap, vaddr,
+           *prot, caller_prot, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset,
+           fault_info, &is_tainted);
+       if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS) {
+               /*
+                * We either have a good page, or a tainted page that has been accepted by the process.
+                * In both cases the page will be entered into the pmap.
+                */
+               *page_needs_data_sync = vm_fault_enter_set_mapped(object, m, *prot, fault_type);
+               if ((fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) && is_tainted) {
+                       /*
+                        * This page is tainted but we're inserting it anyways.
+                        * Since it's writeable, we need to disconnect it from other pmaps
+                        * now so those processes can take note.
+                        */
+
+                       /*
+                        * We can only get here
+                        * because of the CSE logic
+                        */
+                       assert(pmap_get_vm_map_cs_enforced(pmap));
+                       pmap_disconnect(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m));
+                       /*
+                        * If we are faulting for a write, we can clear
+                        * the execute bit - that will ensure the page is
+                        * checked again before being executable, which
+                        * protects against a map switch.
+                        * This only happens the first time the page
+                        * gets tainted, so we won't get stuck here
+                        * to make an already writeable page executable.
+                        */
+                       if (!cs_bypass) {
+                               assert(!pmap_has_prot_policy(pmap, fault_info->pmap_options & PMAP_OPTIONS_TRANSLATED_ALLOW_EXECUTE, *prot));
+                               *prot &= ~VM_PROT_EXECUTE;
                        }
-                       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                               /*
-                                * This page has not been slid correctly,
-                                * do not do the pmap_enter() !
-                                * Let vm_fault_enter() return the error
-                                * so the caller can fail the fault.
-                                */
-                               goto after_the_pmap_enter;
+               }
+               assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m) == object);
+
+#if VM_OBJECT_ACCESS_TRACKING
+               if (object->access_tracking) {
+                       DTRACE_VM2(access_tracking, vm_map_offset_t, vaddr, int, fault_type);
+                       if (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
+                               object->access_tracking_writes++;
+                               vm_object_access_tracking_writes++;
+                       } else {
+                               object->access_tracking_reads++;
+                               vm_object_access_tracking_reads++;
                        }
                }
+#endif /* VM_OBJECT_ACCESS_TRACKING */
+       }
 
-               if (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
+       return kr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * page queue lock must NOT be held
+ * m->vmp_object must be locked
+ *
+ * NOTE: m->vmp_object could be locked "shared" only if we are called
+ * from vm_fault() as part of a soft fault.  If so, we must be
+ * careful not to modify the VM object in any way that is not
+ * legal under a shared lock...
+ */
+kern_return_t
+vm_fault_enter(
+       vm_page_t m,
+       pmap_t pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
+       vm_map_size_t fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset,
+       vm_prot_t prot,
+       vm_prot_t caller_prot,
+       boolean_t wired,
+       boolean_t change_wiring,
+       vm_tag_t  wire_tag,
+       vm_object_fault_info_t fault_info,
+       boolean_t *need_retry,
+       int *type_of_fault)
+{
+       kern_return_t   kr;
+       vm_object_t     object;
+       bool            page_needs_data_sync;
+       vm_prot_t       fault_type;
+       int             pmap_options = fault_info->pmap_options;
 
-                       if (m->wpmapped == FALSE) {
-                               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(m->object);
+       if (VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m) == vm_page_guard_addr) {
+               assert(m->vmp_fictitious);
+               return KERN_SUCCESS;
+       }
 
-                               m->wpmapped = TRUE;
-                       }
-                       if (must_disconnect) {
-                               /*
-                                * We can only get here 
-                                * because of the CSE logic
-                                */
-                               assert(cs_enforcement_enabled);
-                               pmap_disconnect(m->phys_page);
-                               /* 
-                                * If we are faulting for a write, we can clear
-                                * the execute bit - that will ensure the page is
-                                * checked again before being executable, which
-                                * protects against a map switch.
-                                * This only happens the first time the page
-                                * gets tainted, so we won't get stuck here 
-                                * to make an already writeable page executable.
-                                */
-                               if (!cs_bypass){
-                                       prot &= ~VM_PROT_EXECUTE;
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
+       fault_type = change_wiring ? VM_PROT_NONE : caller_prot;
 
-               /* Prevent a deadlock by not
-                * holding the object lock if we need to wait for a page in
-                * pmap_enter() - <rdar://problem/7138958> */
-               PMAP_ENTER_OPTIONS(pmap, vaddr, m, prot, fault_type, 0,
-                                  wired,
-                                  pmap_options | PMAP_OPTIONS_NOWAIT,
-                                  pe_result);
+       kr = vm_fault_enter_prepare(m, pmap, vaddr, &prot, caller_prot,
+           fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset, change_wiring, fault_type,
+           fault_info, type_of_fault, &page_needs_data_sync);
+       object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m);
 
-               if(pe_result == KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE) {
+       vm_fault_enqueue_page(object, m, wired, change_wiring, wire_tag, fault_info->no_cache, type_of_fault, kr);
 
-                       if (need_retry) {
-                               /*
-                                * this will be non-null in the case where we hold the lock
-                                * on the top-object in this chain... we can't just drop
-                                * the lock on the object we're inserting the page into
-                                * and recall the PMAP_ENTER since we can still cause
-                                * a deadlock if one of the critical paths tries to 
-                                * acquire the lock on the top-object and we're blocked
-                                * in PMAP_ENTER waiting for memory... our only recourse
-                                * is to deal with it at a higher level where we can 
-                                * drop both locks.
-                                */
-                               *need_retry = TRUE;
-                               vm_pmap_enter_retried++;
-                               goto after_the_pmap_enter;
-                       }
-                       /* The nonblocking version of pmap_enter did not succeed.
-                        * and we don't need to drop other locks and retry
-                        * at the level above us, so 
-                        * use the blocking version instead. Requires marking
-                        * the page busy and unlocking the object */
-                       boolean_t was_busy = m->busy;
-
-                       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(m->object);
-
-                       m->busy = TRUE;
-                       vm_object_unlock(m->object);
-                       
-                       PMAP_ENTER_OPTIONS(pmap, vaddr, m, prot, fault_type,
-                                          0, wired,
-                                          pmap_options, pe_result);
-                               
-                       /* Take the object lock again. */
-                       vm_object_lock(m->object);
-                       
-                       /* If the page was busy, someone else will wake it up.
-                        * Otherwise, we have to do it now. */
-                       assert(m->busy);
-                       if(!was_busy) {
-                               PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);
-                       }
-                       vm_pmap_enter_blocked++;
+       if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS) {
+               if (page_needs_data_sync) {
+                       pmap_sync_page_data_phys(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m));
                }
+
+               kr = vm_fault_pmap_enter_with_object_lock(object, pmap, vaddr,
+                   fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset, m,
+                   &prot, caller_prot, fault_type, wired, pmap_options, need_retry);
        }
 
-after_the_pmap_enter:
        return kr;
 }
 
 void
-vm_pre_fault(vm_map_offset_t vaddr)
+vm_pre_fault(vm_map_offset_t vaddr, vm_prot_t prot)
 {
        if (pmap_find_phys(current_map()->pmap, vaddr) == 0) {
-
-               vm_fault(current_map(), /* map */
-                       vaddr,          /* vaddr */
-                       VM_PROT_READ, /* fault_type */
-                       FALSE, /* change_wiring */
-                       THREAD_UNINT, /* interruptible */
-                       NULL, /* caller_pmap */
-                       0 /* caller_pmap_addr */);
+               vm_fault(current_map(),      /* map */
+                   vaddr,                   /* vaddr */
+                   prot,                    /* fault_type */
+                   FALSE,                   /* change_wiring */
+                   VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE,     /* tag - not wiring */
+                   THREAD_UNINT,            /* interruptible */
+                   NULL,                    /* caller_pmap */
+                   0 /* caller_pmap_addr */);
        }
 }
 
@@ -3306,93 +3692,314 @@ vm_pre_fault(vm_map_offset_t vaddr)
  *             and deallocated when leaving vm_fault.
  */
 
-extern int _map_enter_debug;
+extern uint64_t get_current_unique_pid(void);
 
 unsigned long vm_fault_collapse_total = 0;
 unsigned long vm_fault_collapse_skipped = 0;
 
 
 kern_return_t
-vm_fault(
-       vm_map_t        map,
-       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
-       vm_prot_t       fault_type,
-       boolean_t       change_wiring,
-       int             interruptible,
-       pmap_t          caller_pmap,
-       vm_map_offset_t caller_pmap_addr)
+vm_fault_external(
+       vm_map_t        map,
+       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
+       vm_prot_t       fault_type,
+       boolean_t       change_wiring,
+       int             interruptible,
+       pmap_t          caller_pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t caller_pmap_addr)
 {
        return vm_fault_internal(map, vaddr, fault_type, change_wiring,
-                                interruptible, caller_pmap, caller_pmap_addr,
-                                NULL);
+                  change_wiring ? vm_tag_bt() : VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE,
+                  interruptible, caller_pmap, caller_pmap_addr,
+                  NULL);
+}
+
+kern_return_t
+vm_fault(
+       vm_map_t        map,
+       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
+       vm_prot_t       fault_type,
+       boolean_t       change_wiring,
+       vm_tag_t        wire_tag,               /* if wiring must pass tag != VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE */
+       int             interruptible,
+       pmap_t          caller_pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t caller_pmap_addr)
+{
+       return vm_fault_internal(map, vaddr, fault_type, change_wiring, wire_tag,
+                  interruptible, caller_pmap, caller_pmap_addr,
+                  NULL);
+}
+
+static boolean_t
+current_proc_is_privileged(void)
+{
+       return csproc_get_platform_binary(current_proc());
+}
+
+uint64_t vm_copied_on_read = 0;
+
+/*
+ * Cleanup after a vm_fault_enter.
+ * At this point, the fault should either have failed (kr != KERN_SUCCESS)
+ * or the page should be in the pmap and on the correct paging queue.
+ *
+ * Precondition:
+ * map must be locked shared.
+ * m_object must be locked.
+ * If top_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL, it must be locked.
+ * real_map must be locked.
+ *
+ * Postcondition:
+ * map will be unlocked
+ * m_object will be unlocked
+ * top_object will be unlocked
+ * If real_map != map, it will be unlocked
+ */
+static void
+vm_fault_complete(
+       vm_map_t map,
+       vm_map_t real_map,
+       vm_object_t object,
+       vm_object_t m_object,
+       vm_page_t m,
+       vm_map_offset_t offset,
+       vm_map_offset_t trace_real_vaddr,
+       vm_object_fault_info_t fault_info,
+       vm_prot_t caller_prot,
+#if CONFIG_DTRACE
+       vm_map_offset_t real_vaddr,
+#else
+       __unused vm_map_offset_t real_vaddr,
+#endif /* CONFIG_DTRACE */
+       int type_of_fault,
+       boolean_t need_retry,
+       kern_return_t kr,
+       ppnum_t *physpage_p,
+       vm_prot_t prot,
+       vm_object_t top_object,
+       boolean_t need_collapse,
+       vm_map_offset_t cur_offset,
+       vm_prot_t fault_type,
+       vm_object_t *written_on_object,
+       memory_object_t *written_on_pager,
+       vm_object_offset_t *written_on_offset)
+{
+       int     event_code = 0;
+       vm_map_lock_assert_shared(map);
+       vm_object_lock_assert_held(m_object);
+       if (top_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
+               vm_object_lock_assert_held(top_object);
+       }
+       vm_map_lock_assert_held(real_map);
+
+       if (m_object->internal) {
+               event_code = (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_WORKINGSET, VM_REAL_FAULT_ADDR_INTERNAL));
+       } else if (m_object->object_is_shared_cache) {
+               event_code = (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_WORKINGSET, VM_REAL_FAULT_ADDR_SHAREDCACHE));
+       } else {
+               event_code = (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_WORKINGSET, VM_REAL_FAULT_ADDR_EXTERNAL));
+       }
+
+       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_TRACE, event_code, trace_real_vaddr, (fault_info->user_tag << 16) | (caller_prot << 8) | type_of_fault, m->vmp_offset, get_current_unique_pid(), 0);
+       if (need_retry == FALSE) {
+               KDBG_FILTERED(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_WORKINGSET, VM_REAL_FAULT_FAST), get_current_unique_pid(), 0, 0, 0, 0);
+       }
+       DTRACE_VM6(real_fault, vm_map_offset_t, real_vaddr, vm_map_offset_t, m->vmp_offset, int, event_code, int, caller_prot, int, type_of_fault, int, fault_info->user_tag);
+       if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS &&
+           physpage_p != NULL) {
+               /* for vm_map_wire_and_extract() */
+               *physpage_p = VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m);
+               if (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
+                       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(m_object);
+                       m->vmp_dirty = TRUE;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (top_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
+               /*
+                * It's safe to drop the top object
+                * now that we've done our
+                * vm_fault_enter().  Any other fault
+                * in progress for that virtual
+                * address will either find our page
+                * and translation or put in a new page
+                * and translation.
+                */
+               vm_object_unlock(top_object);
+               top_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+       }
+
+       if (need_collapse == TRUE) {
+               vm_object_collapse(object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset), TRUE);
+       }
+
+       if (need_retry == FALSE &&
+           (type_of_fault == DBG_PAGEIND_FAULT || type_of_fault == DBG_PAGEINV_FAULT || type_of_fault == DBG_CACHE_HIT_FAULT)) {
+               /*
+                * evaluate access pattern and update state
+                * vm_fault_deactivate_behind depends on the
+                * state being up to date
+                */
+               vm_fault_is_sequential(m_object, cur_offset, fault_info->behavior);
+
+               vm_fault_deactivate_behind(m_object, cur_offset, fault_info->behavior);
+       }
+       /*
+        * That's it, clean up and return.
+        */
+       if (m->vmp_busy) {
+               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(m_object);
+               PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);
+       }
+
+       if (need_retry == FALSE && !m_object->internal && (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE)) {
+               vm_object_paging_begin(m_object);
+
+               assert(*written_on_object == VM_OBJECT_NULL);
+               *written_on_object = m_object;
+               *written_on_pager = m_object->pager;
+               *written_on_offset = m_object->paging_offset + m->vmp_offset;
+       }
+       vm_object_unlock(object);
+
+       vm_map_unlock_read(map);
+       if (real_map != map) {
+               vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+       }
 }
 
+static inline int
+vm_fault_type_for_tracing(boolean_t need_copy_on_read, int type_of_fault)
+{
+       if (need_copy_on_read && type_of_fault == DBG_COW_FAULT) {
+               return DBG_COR_FAULT;
+       }
+       return type_of_fault;
+}
 
 kern_return_t
 vm_fault_internal(
-       vm_map_t        map,
-       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
-       vm_prot_t       caller_prot,
-       boolean_t       change_wiring,
-       int             interruptible,
-       pmap_t          caller_pmap,
-       vm_map_offset_t caller_pmap_addr,
-       ppnum_t         *physpage_p)
+       vm_map_t        map,
+       vm_map_offset_t vaddr,
+       vm_prot_t       caller_prot,
+       boolean_t       change_wiring,
+       vm_tag_t        wire_tag,               /* if wiring must pass tag != VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE */
+       int             interruptible,
+       pmap_t          caller_pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t caller_pmap_addr,
+       ppnum_t         *physpage_p)
 {
-       vm_map_version_t        version;        /* Map version for verificiation */
-       boolean_t               wired;          /* Should mapping be wired down? */
-       vm_object_t             object;         /* Top-level object */
-       vm_object_offset_t      offset;         /* Top-level offset */
-       vm_prot_t               prot;           /* Protection for mapping */
-       vm_object_t             old_copy_object; /* Saved copy object */
-       vm_page_t               result_page;    /* Result of vm_fault_page */
-       vm_page_t               top_page;       /* Placeholder page */
-       kern_return_t           kr;
-
-       vm_page_t               m;      /* Fast access to result_page */
-       kern_return_t           error_code;
-       vm_object_t             cur_object;
-       vm_object_offset_t      cur_offset;
-       vm_page_t               cur_m;
-       vm_object_t             new_object;
+       vm_map_version_t        version;        /* Map version for verificiation */
+       boolean_t               wired;          /* Should mapping be wired down? */
+       vm_object_t             object;         /* Top-level object */
+       vm_object_offset_t      offset;         /* Top-level offset */
+       vm_prot_t               prot;           /* Protection for mapping */
+       vm_object_t             old_copy_object; /* Saved copy object */
+       vm_page_t               result_page;    /* Result of vm_fault_page */
+       vm_page_t               top_page;       /* Placeholder page */
+       kern_return_t           kr;
+
+       vm_page_t               m;      /* Fast access to result_page */
+       kern_return_t           error_code;
+       vm_object_t             cur_object;
+       vm_object_t             m_object = NULL;
+       vm_object_offset_t      cur_offset;
+       vm_page_t               cur_m;
+       vm_object_t             new_object;
        int                     type_of_fault;
-       pmap_t                  pmap;
-       boolean_t               interruptible_state;
-       vm_map_t                real_map = map;
-       vm_map_t                original_map = map;
-       vm_prot_t               fault_type;
-       vm_prot_t               original_fault_type;
-       struct vm_object_fault_info fault_info;
-       boolean_t               need_collapse = FALSE;
-       boolean_t               need_retry = FALSE;
-       boolean_t               *need_retry_ptr = NULL;
-       int                     object_lock_type = 0;
-       int                     cur_object_lock_type;
-       vm_object_t             top_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
-       int                     throttle_delay;
-       int                     compressed_count_delta;
-
-
-       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_TRACE, 
-                     (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_VM, 2)) | DBG_FUNC_START,
-                             ((uint64_t)vaddr >> 32),
-                             vaddr,
-                             (map == kernel_map),
-                             0,
-                             0);
+       pmap_t                  pmap;
+       wait_interrupt_t        interruptible_state;
+       vm_map_t                real_map = map;
+       vm_map_t                original_map = map;
+       bool                    object_locks_dropped = FALSE;
+       vm_prot_t               fault_type;
+       vm_prot_t               original_fault_type;
+       struct vm_object_fault_info fault_info = {};
+       bool                    need_collapse = FALSE;
+       boolean_t               need_retry = FALSE;
+       boolean_t               *need_retry_ptr = NULL;
+       uint8_t                 object_lock_type = 0;
+       uint8_t                 cur_object_lock_type;
+       vm_object_t             top_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+       vm_object_t             written_on_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+       memory_object_t         written_on_pager = NULL;
+       vm_object_offset_t      written_on_offset = 0;
+       int                     throttle_delay;
+       int                     compressed_count_delta;
+       uint8_t                 grab_options;
+       bool                    need_copy;
+       bool                    need_copy_on_read;
+       vm_map_offset_t         trace_vaddr;
+       vm_map_offset_t         trace_real_vaddr;
+       vm_map_size_t           fault_page_size;
+       vm_map_size_t           fault_page_mask;
+       vm_map_offset_t         fault_phys_offset;
+       vm_map_offset_t         real_vaddr;
+       bool                    resilient_media_retry = FALSE;
+       vm_object_t             resilient_media_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+       vm_object_offset_t      resilient_media_offset = (vm_object_offset_t)-1;
+       bool                    page_needs_data_sync = false;
+       /*
+        * Was the VM object contended when vm_map_lookup_locked locked it?
+        * If so, the zero fill path will drop the lock
+        * NB: Ideally we would always drop the lock rather than rely on
+        * this heuristic, but vm_object_unlock currently takes > 30 cycles.
+        */
+       bool                    object_is_contended = false;
+
+       real_vaddr = vaddr;
+       trace_real_vaddr = vaddr;
+
+       if (VM_MAP_PAGE_SIZE(original_map) < PAGE_SIZE) {
+               fault_phys_offset = (vm_map_offset_t)-1;
+               fault_page_size = VM_MAP_PAGE_SIZE(original_map);
+               fault_page_mask = VM_MAP_PAGE_MASK(original_map);
+               if (fault_page_size < PAGE_SIZE) {
+                       DEBUG4K_FAULT("map %p vaddr 0x%llx caller_prot 0x%x\n", map, (uint64_t)trace_real_vaddr, caller_prot);
+                       vaddr = vm_map_trunc_page(vaddr, fault_page_mask);
+               }
+       } else {
+               fault_phys_offset = 0;
+               fault_page_size = PAGE_SIZE;
+               fault_page_mask = PAGE_MASK;
+               vaddr = vm_map_trunc_page(vaddr, PAGE_MASK);
+       }
+
+       if (map == kernel_map) {
+               trace_vaddr = VM_KERNEL_ADDRHIDE(vaddr);
+               trace_real_vaddr = VM_KERNEL_ADDRHIDE(trace_real_vaddr);
+       } else {
+               trace_vaddr = vaddr;
+       }
+
+       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_TRACE,
+           (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_VM, 2)) | DBG_FUNC_START,
+           ((uint64_t)trace_vaddr >> 32),
+           trace_vaddr,
+           (map == kernel_map),
+           0,
+           0);
 
        if (get_preemption_level() != 0) {
-               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_TRACE, 
-                                     (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_VM, 2)) | DBG_FUNC_END,
-                                     ((uint64_t)vaddr >> 32),
-                                     vaddr,
-                                     KERN_FAILURE,
-                                     0,
-                                     0);
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_TRACE,
+                   (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_VM, 2)) | DBG_FUNC_END,
+                   ((uint64_t)trace_vaddr >> 32),
+                   trace_vaddr,
+                   KERN_FAILURE,
+                   0,
+                   0);
+
+               return KERN_FAILURE;
+       }
 
-               return (KERN_FAILURE);
+       thread_t cthread = current_thread();
+       bool      rtfault = (cthread->sched_mode == TH_MODE_REALTIME);
+       uint64_t fstart = 0;
+
+       if (rtfault) {
+               fstart = mach_continuous_time();
        }
-       
+
        interruptible_state = thread_interrupt_level(interruptible);
 
        fault_type = (change_wiring ? VM_PROT_NONE : caller_prot);
@@ -3401,14 +4008,29 @@ vm_fault_internal(
        current_task()->faults++;
        original_fault_type = fault_type;
 
-       if (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE)
-               object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
-       else
-               object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED;
+       need_copy = FALSE;
+       if (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
+               need_copy = TRUE;
+       }
+
+       if (need_copy || change_wiring) {
+               object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
+       } else {
+               object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED;
+       }
 
        cur_object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED;
 
+       if ((map == kernel_map) && (caller_prot & VM_PROT_WRITE)) {
+               if (compressor_map) {
+                       if ((vaddr >= vm_map_min(compressor_map)) && (vaddr < vm_map_max(compressor_map))) {
+                               panic("Write fault on compressor map, va: %p type: %u bounds: %p->%p", (void *) vaddr, caller_prot, (void *) vm_map_min(compressor_map), (void *) vm_map_max(compressor_map));
+                       }
+               }
+       }
 RetryFault:
+       assert(written_on_object == VM_OBJECT_NULL);
+
        /*
         * assume we will hit a page in the cache
         * otherwise, explicitly override with
@@ -3424,17 +4046,32 @@ RetryFault:
        map = original_map;
        vm_map_lock_read(map);
 
-       kr = vm_map_lookup_locked(&map, vaddr, fault_type,
-                                 object_lock_type, &version,
-                                 &object, &offset, &prot, &wired,
-                                 &fault_info,
-                                 &real_map);
+       if (resilient_media_retry) {
+               /*
+                * If we have to insert a fake zero-filled page to hide
+                * a media failure to provide the real page, we need to
+                * resolve any pending copy-on-write on this mapping.
+                * VM_PROT_COPY tells vm_map_lookup_locked() to deal
+                * with that even if this is not a "write" fault.
+                */
+               need_copy = TRUE;
+               object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
+       }
 
+       kr = vm_map_lookup_locked(&map, vaddr,
+           (fault_type | (need_copy ? VM_PROT_COPY : 0)),
+           object_lock_type, &version,
+           &object, &offset, &prot, &wired,
+           &fault_info,
+           &real_map,
+           &object_is_contended);
 
        if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                vm_map_unlock_read(map);
                goto done;
        }
+
+
        pmap = real_map->pmap;
        fault_info.interruptible = interruptible;
        fault_info.stealth = FALSE;
@@ -3442,31 +4079,67 @@ RetryFault:
        fault_info.mark_zf_absent = FALSE;
        fault_info.batch_pmap_op = FALSE;
 
+       if (resilient_media_retry) {
+               /*
+                * We're retrying this fault after having detected a media
+                * failure from a "resilient_media" mapping.
+                * Check that the mapping is still pointing at the object
+                * that just failed to provide a page.
+                */
+               assert(resilient_media_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL);
+               assert(resilient_media_offset != (vm_object_offset_t)-1);
+               if (object != VM_OBJECT_NULL &&
+                   object == resilient_media_object &&
+                   offset == resilient_media_offset &&
+                   fault_info.resilient_media) {
+                       /*
+                        * This mapping still points at the same object
+                        * and is still "resilient_media": proceed in
+                        * "recovery-from-media-failure" mode, where we'll
+                        * insert a zero-filled page in the top object.
+                        */
+//                     printf("RESILIENT_MEDIA %s:%d recovering for object %p offset 0x%llx\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, object, offset);
+               } else {
+                       /* not recovering: reset state */
+//                     printf("RESILIENT_MEDIA %s:%d no recovery resilient %d object %p/%p offset 0x%llx/0x%llx\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, fault_info.resilient_media, object, resilient_media_object, offset, resilient_media_offset);
+                       resilient_media_retry = FALSE;
+                       /* release our extra reference on failed object */
+//                     printf("FBDP %s:%d resilient_media_object %p deallocate\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, resilient_media_object);
+                       vm_object_deallocate(resilient_media_object);
+                       resilient_media_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+                       resilient_media_offset = (vm_object_offset_t)-1;
+               }
+       } else {
+               assert(resilient_media_object == VM_OBJECT_NULL);
+               resilient_media_offset = (vm_object_offset_t)-1;
+       }
+
        /*
         * If the page is wired, we must fault for the current protection
         * value, to avoid further faults.
         */
        if (wired) {
                fault_type = prot | VM_PROT_WRITE;
+       }
+       if (wired || need_copy) {
                /*
                 * since we're treating this fault as a 'write'
                 * we must hold the top object lock exclusively
                 */
                if (object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-
-                       object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
+                       object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
 
                        if (vm_object_lock_upgrade(object) == FALSE) {
-                               /*
+                               /*
                                 * couldn't upgrade, so explictly
                                 * take the lock exclusively
                                 */
-                               vm_object_lock(object);
+                               vm_object_lock(object);
                        }
                }
        }
 
-#if    VM_FAULT_CLASSIFY
+#if     VM_FAULT_CLASSIFY
        /*
         *      Temporary data gathering code
         */
@@ -3486,7 +4159,7 @@ RetryFault:
         *      and use the original fault path (which doesn't hold
         *      the map lock, and relies on busy pages).
         *      The give up cases include:
-        *              - Have to talk to pager.
+        *              - Have to talk to pager.
         *              - Page is busy, absent or in error.
         *              - Pager has locked out desired access.
         *              - Fault needs to be restarted.
@@ -3494,7 +4167,7 @@ RetryFault:
         *
         *      The code is an infinite loop that moves one level down
         *      the shadow chain each time.  cur_object and cur_offset
-        *      refer to the current object being examined. object and offset
+        *      refer to the current object being examined. object and offset
         *      are the original object from the map.  The loop is at the
         *      top level if and only if object and cur_object are the same.
         *
@@ -3504,6 +4177,26 @@ RetryFault:
         *
         */
 
+#if defined(__arm64__)
+       /*
+        * Fail if reading an execute-only page in a
+        * pmap that enforces execute-only protection.
+        */
+       if (fault_type == VM_PROT_READ &&
+           (prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) &&
+           !(prot & VM_PROT_READ) &&
+           pmap_enforces_execute_only(pmap)) {
+               vm_object_unlock(object);
+               vm_map_unlock_read(map);
+               if (real_map != map) {
+                       vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+               }
+               kr = KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE;
+               goto done;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       fault_phys_offset = (vm_map_offset_t)offset - vm_map_trunc_page((vm_map_offset_t)offset, PAGE_MASK);
 
        /*
         * If this page is to be inserted in a copy delay object
@@ -3511,16 +4204,25 @@ RetryFault:
         * copy delay strategy is implemented in the slow fault page.
         */
        if (object->copy_strategy == MEMORY_OBJECT_COPY_DELAY &&
-           object->copy != VM_OBJECT_NULL && (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE))
-               goto handle_copy_delay;
+           object->copy != VM_OBJECT_NULL && (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE)) {
+               goto handle_copy_delay;
+       }
 
        cur_object = object;
        cur_offset = offset;
 
+       grab_options = 0;
+#if CONFIG_SECLUDED_MEMORY
+       if (object->can_grab_secluded) {
+               grab_options |= VM_PAGE_GRAB_SECLUDED;
+       }
+#endif /* CONFIG_SECLUDED_MEMORY */
+
        while (TRUE) {
                if (!cur_object->pager_created &&
-                   cur_object->phys_contiguous) /* superpage */
+                   cur_object->phys_contiguous) /* superpage */
                        break;
+               }
 
                if (cur_object->blocked_access) {
                        /*
@@ -3530,24 +4232,25 @@ RetryFault:
                        break;
                }
 
-               m = vm_page_lookup(cur_object, cur_offset);
+               m = vm_page_lookup(cur_object, vm_object_trunc_page(cur_offset));
+               m_object = NULL;
 
                if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-                       if (m->busy) {
-                               wait_result_t   result;
+                       m_object = cur_object;
+
+                       if (m->vmp_busy) {
+                               wait_result_t   result;
 
                                /*
                                 * in order to do the PAGE_ASSERT_WAIT, we must
                                 * have object that 'm' belongs to locked exclusively
                                 */
                                if (object != cur_object) {
-
                                        if (cur_object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-
-                                               cur_object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
+                                               cur_object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
 
                                                if (vm_object_lock_upgrade(cur_object) == FALSE) {
-                                                       /*
+                                                       /*
                                                         * couldn't upgrade so go do a full retry
                                                         * immediately since we can no longer be
                                                         * certain about cur_object (since we
@@ -3556,19 +4259,19 @@ RetryFault:
                                                         */
                                                        vm_object_unlock(object);
 
-                                                       vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                                                       if (real_map != map)
-                                                               vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                                                       vm_map_unlock_read(map);
+                                                       if (real_map != map) {
+                                                               vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                                                       }
 
                                                        goto RetryFault;
                                                }
                                        }
                                } else if (object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-
-                                       object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
+                                       object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
 
                                        if (vm_object_lock_upgrade(object) == FALSE) {
-                                               /*
+                                               /*
                                                 * couldn't upgrade, so explictly take the lock
                                                 * exclusively and go relookup the page since we
                                                 * will have dropped the object lock and
@@ -3577,14 +4280,14 @@ RetryFault:
                                                 * no need for a full retry since we're
                                                 * at the top level of the object chain
                                                 */
-                                               vm_object_lock(object);
+                                               vm_object_lock(object);
 
                                                continue;
                                        }
                                }
-                               if (m->pageout_queue && m->object->internal && COMPRESSED_PAGER_IS_ACTIVE) {
+                               if ((m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_ON_PAGEOUT_Q) && m_object->internal) {
                                        /*
-                                        * m->busy == TRUE and the object is locked exclusively
+                                        * m->vmp_busy == TRUE and the object is locked exclusively
                                         * if m->pageout_queue == TRUE after we acquire the
                                         * queues lock, we are guaranteed that it is stable on
                                         * the pageout queue and therefore reclaimable
@@ -3592,9 +4295,11 @@ RetryFault:
                                         * NOTE: this is only true for the internal pageout queue
                                         * in the compressor world
                                         */
+                                       assert(VM_CONFIG_COMPRESSOR_IS_PRESENT);
+
                                        vm_page_lock_queues();
 
-                                       if (m->pageout_queue) {
+                                       if (m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_ON_PAGEOUT_Q) {
                                                vm_pageout_throttle_up(m);
                                                vm_page_unlock_queues();
 
@@ -3603,30 +4308,33 @@ RetryFault:
                                        }
                                        vm_page_unlock_queues();
                                }
-                               if (object != cur_object)
+                               if (object != cur_object) {
                                        vm_object_unlock(object);
+                               }
 
                                vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                               if (real_map != map)
-                                       vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                               if (real_map != map) {
+                                       vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                               }
 
                                result = PAGE_ASSERT_WAIT(m, interruptible);
 
                                vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
 
                                if (result == THREAD_WAITING) {
-                                       result = thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
+                                       result = thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
 
                                        counter(c_vm_fault_page_block_busy_kernel++);
                                }
-                               if (result == THREAD_AWAKENED || result == THREAD_RESTART)
-                                       goto RetryFault;
+                               if (result == THREAD_AWAKENED || result == THREAD_RESTART) {
+                                       goto RetryFault;
+                               }
 
                                kr = KERN_ABORTED;
                                goto done;
                        }
 reclaimed_from_pageout:
-                       if (m->laundry) {
+                       if (m->vmp_laundry) {
                                if (object != cur_object) {
                                        if (cur_object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
                                                cur_object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
@@ -3635,14 +4343,13 @@ reclaimed_from_pageout:
                                                vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
 
                                                vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                                               if (real_map != map)
+                                               if (real_map != map) {
                                                        vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                                               }
 
                                                goto RetryFault;
                                        }
-
                                } else if (object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-
                                        object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
 
                                        if (vm_object_lock_upgrade(object) == FALSE) {
@@ -3660,163 +4367,63 @@ reclaimed_from_pageout:
                                                continue;
                                        }
                                }
-                               m->pageout = FALSE;
-                               
                                vm_pageout_steal_laundry(m, FALSE);
                        }
 
-                       if (m->phys_page == vm_page_guard_addr) {
+                       if (VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m) == vm_page_guard_addr) {
                                /*
                                 * Guard page: let the slow path deal with it
                                 */
                                break;
                        }
-                       if (m->unusual && (m->error || m->restart || m->private || m->absent)) {
-                               /*
+                       if (m->vmp_unusual && (m->vmp_error || m->vmp_restart || m->vmp_private || m->vmp_absent)) {
+                               /*
                                 * Unusual case... let the slow path deal with it
                                 */
                                break;
                        }
-                       if (VM_OBJECT_PURGEABLE_FAULT_ERROR(m->object)) {
-                               if (object != cur_object)
-                                       vm_object_unlock(object);
-                               vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                               if (real_map != map)
-                                       vm_map_unlock(real_map);
-                               vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
-                               kr = KERN_MEMORY_ERROR;
-                               goto done;
-                       }
-
-                       if (m->encrypted) {
-                               /*
-                                * ENCRYPTED SWAP:
-                                * We've soft-faulted (because it's not in the page
-                                * table) on an encrypted page.
-                                * Keep the page "busy" so that no one messes with
-                                * it during the decryption.
-                                * Release the extra locks we're holding, keep only
-                                * the page's VM object lock.
-                                *
-                                * in order to set 'busy' on 'm', we must
-                                * have object that 'm' belongs to locked exclusively
-                                */
-                               if (object != cur_object) {
+                       if (VM_OBJECT_PURGEABLE_FAULT_ERROR(m_object)) {
+                               if (object != cur_object) {
                                        vm_object_unlock(object);
-
-                                       if (cur_object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-
-                                               cur_object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
-
-                                               if (vm_object_lock_upgrade(cur_object) == FALSE) {
-                                                       /*
-                                                        * couldn't upgrade so go do a full retry
-                                                        * immediately since we've already dropped
-                                                        * the top object lock associated with this page
-                                                        * and the current one got dropped due to the
-                                                        * failed upgrade... the state is no longer valid
-                                                        */
-                                                       vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                                                       if (real_map != map)
-                                                               vm_map_unlock(real_map);
-
-                                                       goto RetryFault;
-                                               }
-                                       }
-                               } else if (object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-
-                                       object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
-
-                                       if (vm_object_lock_upgrade(object) == FALSE) {
-                                               /*
-                                                * couldn't upgrade, so explictly take the lock
-                                                * exclusively and go relookup the page since we
-                                                * will have dropped the object lock and
-                                                * a different thread could have inserted
-                                                * a page at this offset
-                                                * no need for a full retry since we're
-                                                * at the top level of the object chain
-                                                */
-                                               vm_object_lock(object);
-
-                                               continue;
-                                       }
                                }
-                               m->busy = TRUE;
-
                                vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                               if (real_map != map) 
+                               if (real_map != map) {
                                        vm_map_unlock(real_map);
-
-                               vm_page_decrypt(m, 0);
-
-                               assert(m->busy);
-                               PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);
-
-                               vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
-                               /*
-                                * Retry from the top, in case anything
-                                * changed while we were decrypting...
-                                */
-                               goto RetryFault;
-                       }
-                       ASSERT_PAGE_DECRYPTED(m);
-
-                       if(vm_page_is_slideable(m)) {
-                               /*
-                                * We might need to slide this page, and so,
-                                * we want to hold the VM object exclusively.
-                                */
-                               if (object != cur_object) {
-                                       if (cur_object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-                                               vm_object_unlock(object);
-                                               vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
-
-                                               cur_object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
-
-                                               vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                                               if (real_map != map)
-                                                       vm_map_unlock(real_map);
-
-                                               goto RetryFault;
-                                       }
-                               } else if (object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-
-                                       vm_object_unlock(object);
-                                       object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
-                                       vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                                       goto RetryFault;
                                }
+                               vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
+                               kr = KERN_MEMORY_ERROR;
+                               goto done;
                        }
+                       assert(m_object == VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m));
 
-                       if (VM_FAULT_NEED_CS_VALIDATION(map->pmap, m) ||
+                       if (vm_fault_cs_need_validation(map->pmap, m, m_object,
+                           PAGE_SIZE, 0) ||
                            (physpage_p != NULL && (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE))) {
-upgrade_for_validation:
+upgrade_lock_and_retry:
                                /*
                                 * We might need to validate this page
                                 * against its code signature, so we
                                 * want to hold the VM object exclusively.
                                 */
-                               if (object != cur_object) {
+                               if (object != cur_object) {
                                        if (cur_object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
                                                vm_object_unlock(object);
                                                vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
 
-                                               cur_object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
+                                               cur_object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
 
                                                vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                                               if (real_map != map)
+                                               if (real_map != map) {
                                                        vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                                               }
 
                                                goto RetryFault;
                                        }
-
                                } else if (object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-
-                                       object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
+                                       object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
 
                                        if (vm_object_lock_upgrade(object) == FALSE) {
-                                               /*
+                                               /*
                                                 * couldn't upgrade, so explictly take the lock
                                                 * exclusively and go relookup the page since we
                                                 * will have dropped the object lock and
@@ -3825,7 +4432,7 @@ upgrade_for_validation:
                                                 * no need for a full retry since we're
                                                 * at the top level of the object chain
                                                 */
-                                               vm_object_lock(object);
+                                               vm_object_lock(object);
 
                                                continue;
                                        }
@@ -3839,14 +4446,78 @@ upgrade_for_validation:
                         */
 
                        if (object == cur_object && object->copy == VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
-
                                goto FastPmapEnter;
                        }
 
-                       if ((fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0) {
+                       if (!need_copy &&
+                           !fault_info.no_copy_on_read &&
+                           cur_object != object &&
+                           !cur_object->internal &&
+                           !cur_object->pager_trusted &&
+                           vm_protect_privileged_from_untrusted &&
+                           !((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) &&
+                           cur_object->code_signed &&
+                           pmap_get_vm_map_cs_enforced(caller_pmap ? caller_pmap : pmap)) &&
+                           current_proc_is_privileged()) {
+                               /*
+                                * We're faulting on a page in "object" and
+                                * went down the shadow chain to "cur_object"
+                                * to find out that "cur_object"'s pager
+                                * is not "trusted", i.e. we can not trust it
+                                * to always return the same contents.
+                                * Since the target is a "privileged" process,
+                                * let's treat this as a copy-on-read fault, as
+                                * if it was a copy-on-write fault.
+                                * Once "object" gets a copy of this page, it
+                                * won't have to rely on "cur_object" to
+                                * provide the contents again.
+                                *
+                                * This is done by setting "need_copy" and
+                                * retrying the fault from the top with the
+                                * appropriate locking.
+                                *
+                                * Special case: if the mapping is executable
+                                * and the untrusted object is code-signed and
+                                * the process is "cs_enforced", we do not
+                                * copy-on-read because that would break
+                                * code-signing enforcement expectations (an
+                                * executable page must belong to a code-signed
+                                * object) and we can rely on code-signing
+                                * to re-validate the page if it gets evicted
+                                * and paged back in.
+                                */
+//                             printf("COPY-ON-READ %s:%d map %p va 0x%llx page %p object %p offset 0x%llx UNTRUSTED: need copy-on-read!\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, map, (uint64_t)vaddr, m, VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m), m->vmp_offset);
+                               vm_copied_on_read++;
+                               need_copy = TRUE;
+
+                               vm_object_unlock(object);
+                               vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
+                               object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
+                               vm_map_unlock_read(map);
+                               if (real_map != map) {
+                                       vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                               }
+                               goto RetryFault;
+                       }
+
+                       if (!(fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) && !need_copy) {
+                               if (!pmap_has_prot_policy(pmap, fault_info.pmap_options & PMAP_OPTIONS_TRANSLATED_ALLOW_EXECUTE, prot)) {
+                                       prot &= ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
+                               } else {
+                                       /*
+                                        * For a protection that the pmap cares
+                                        * about, we must hand over the full
+                                        * set of protections (so that the pmap
+                                        * layer can apply any desired policy).
+                                        * This means that cs_bypass must be
+                                        * set, as this can force us to pass
+                                        * RWX.
+                                        */
+                                       assert(fault_info.cs_bypass);
+                               }
 
-                               if (object != cur_object) {
-                                       /*
+                               if (object != cur_object) {
+                                       /*
                                         * We still need to hold the top object
                                         * lock here to prevent a race between
                                         * a read fault (taking only "shared"
@@ -3873,100 +4544,86 @@ upgrade_for_validation:
                                        object_lock_type = cur_object_lock_type;
                                }
 FastPmapEnter:
+                               assert(m_object == VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m));
+
                                /*
                                 * prepare for the pmap_enter...
                                 * object and map are both locked
                                 * m contains valid data
-                                * object == m->object
+                                * object == m->vmp_object
                                 * cur_object == NULL or it's been unlocked
                                 * no paging references on either object or cur_object
                                 */
-                               if (top_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL || object_lock_type != OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE)
+                               if (top_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL || object_lock_type != OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE) {
                                        need_retry_ptr = &need_retry;
-                               else
-                                       need_retry_ptr = NULL;
-
-                               if (caller_pmap) {
-                                       kr = vm_fault_enter(m,
-                                                           caller_pmap,
-                                                           caller_pmap_addr,
-                                                           prot,
-                                                           caller_prot,
-                                                           wired,
-                                                           change_wiring,
-                                                           fault_info.no_cache,
-                                                           fault_info.cs_bypass,
-                                                           fault_info.user_tag,
-                                                           fault_info.pmap_options,
-                                                           need_retry_ptr,
-                                                           &type_of_fault);
                                } else {
-                                       kr = vm_fault_enter(m,
-                                                           pmap,
-                                                           vaddr,
-                                                           prot,
-                                                           caller_prot,
-                                                           wired,
-                                                           change_wiring,
-                                                           fault_info.no_cache,
-                                                           fault_info.cs_bypass,
-                                                           fault_info.user_tag,
-                                                           fault_info.pmap_options,
-                                                           need_retry_ptr,
-                                                           &type_of_fault);
-                               }
-
-                               if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS &&
-                                   physpage_p != NULL) {
-                                       /* for vm_map_wire_and_extract() */
-                                       *physpage_p = m->phys_page;
-                                       if (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
-                                               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(
-                                                       m->object);
-                                               m->dirty = TRUE;
-                                       }
+                                       need_retry_ptr = NULL;
                                }
 
-                               if (top_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * It's safe to drop the top object
-                                        * now that we've done our
-                                        * vm_fault_enter().  Any other fault
-                                        * in progress for that virtual
-                                        * address will either find our page
-                                        * and translation or put in a new page
-                                        * and translation.
-                                        */
-                                       vm_object_unlock(top_object);
-                                       top_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+                               if (fault_page_size < PAGE_SIZE) {
+                                       DEBUG4K_FAULT("map %p original %p pmap %p va 0x%llx caller pmap %p va 0x%llx pa 0x%llx (0x%llx+0x%llx) prot 0x%x caller_prot 0x%x\n", map, original_map, pmap, (uint64_t)vaddr, caller_pmap, (uint64_t)caller_pmap_addr, (uint64_t)((((pmap_paddr_t)VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m)) << PAGE_SHIFT) + fault_phys_offset), (uint64_t)(((pmap_paddr_t)VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m)) << PAGE_SHIFT), (uint64_t)fault_phys_offset, prot, caller_prot);
+                                       assertf((!(fault_phys_offset & FOURK_PAGE_MASK) &&
+                                           fault_phys_offset < PAGE_SIZE),
+                                           "0x%llx\n", (uint64_t)fault_phys_offset);
+                               } else {
+                                       assertf(fault_phys_offset == 0,
+                                           "0x%llx\n", (uint64_t)fault_phys_offset);
                                }
 
-                               if (need_collapse == TRUE)
-                                       vm_object_collapse(object, offset, TRUE);
-                               
-                               if (need_retry == FALSE &&
-                                   (type_of_fault == DBG_PAGEIND_FAULT || type_of_fault == DBG_PAGEINV_FAULT || type_of_fault == DBG_CACHE_HIT_FAULT)) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * evaluate access pattern and update state
-                                        * vm_fault_deactivate_behind depends on the
-                                        * state being up to date
-                                        */
-                                       vm_fault_is_sequential(object, cur_offset, fault_info.behavior);
-
-                                       vm_fault_deactivate_behind(object, cur_offset, fault_info.behavior);
+                               if (caller_pmap) {
+                                       kr = vm_fault_enter(m,
+                                           caller_pmap,
+                                           caller_pmap_addr,
+                                           fault_page_size,
+                                           fault_phys_offset,
+                                           prot,
+                                           caller_prot,
+                                           wired,
+                                           change_wiring,
+                                           wire_tag,
+                                           &fault_info,
+                                           need_retry_ptr,
+                                           &type_of_fault);
+                               } else {
+                                       kr = vm_fault_enter(m,
+                                           pmap,
+                                           vaddr,
+                                           fault_page_size,
+                                           fault_phys_offset,
+                                           prot,
+                                           caller_prot,
+                                           wired,
+                                           change_wiring,
+                                           wire_tag,
+                                           &fault_info,
+                                           need_retry_ptr,
+                                           &type_of_fault);
                                }
-                               /*
-                                * That's it, clean up and return.
-                                */
-                               if (m->busy)
-                                       PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);
-
-                               vm_object_unlock(object);
-
-                               vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                               if (real_map != map)
-                                       vm_map_unlock(real_map);
 
+                               vm_fault_complete(
+                                       map,
+                                       real_map,
+                                       object,
+                                       m_object,
+                                       m,
+                                       offset,
+                                       trace_real_vaddr,
+                                       &fault_info,
+                                       caller_prot,
+                                       real_vaddr,
+                                       vm_fault_type_for_tracing(need_copy_on_read, type_of_fault),
+                                       need_retry,
+                                       kr,
+                                       physpage_p,
+                                       prot,
+                                       top_object,
+                                       need_collapse,
+                                       cur_offset,
+                                       fault_type,
+                                       &written_on_object,
+                                       &written_on_pager,
+                                       &written_on_offset);
+                               top_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
                                if (need_retry == TRUE) {
                                        /*
                                         * vm_fault_enter couldn't complete the PMAP_ENTER...
@@ -3979,7 +4636,7 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                                        (void)pmap_enter_options(
                                                pmap, vaddr, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                                PMAP_OPTIONS_NOENTER, NULL);
-                                       
+
                                        need_retry = FALSE;
                                        goto RetryFault;
                                }
@@ -3990,7 +4647,7 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                         */
                        assert(object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE);
 
-                        /*
+                       /*
                         * If objects match, then
                         * object->copy must not be NULL (else control
                         * would be in previous code block), and we
@@ -3998,22 +4655,24 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                         * with which we can't cope with here.
                         */
                        if (cur_object == object) {
-                               /*
+                               /*
                                 * must take the slow path to
                                 * deal with the copy push
                                 */
                                break;
                        }
-                       
+
                        /*
                         * This is now a shadow based copy on write
                         * fault -- it requires a copy up the shadow
                         * chain.
                         */
-                       
+                       assert(m_object == VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m));
+
                        if ((cur_object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) &&
-                           VM_FAULT_NEED_CS_VALIDATION(NULL, m)) {
-                               goto upgrade_for_validation;
+                           vm_fault_cs_need_validation(NULL, m, m_object,
+                           PAGE_SIZE, 0)) {
+                               goto upgrade_lock_and_retry;
                        }
 
                        /*
@@ -4022,17 +4681,18 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                         * need to remember current page, as it's the
                         * source of the copy.
                         *
-                        * at this point we hold locks on both 
+                        * at this point we hold locks on both
                         * object and cur_object... no need to take
                         * paging refs or mark pages BUSY since
                         * we don't drop either object lock until
                         * the page has been copied and inserted
                         */
                        cur_m = m;
-                       m = vm_page_grab();
+                       m = vm_page_grab_options(grab_options);
+                       m_object = NULL;
 
                        if (m == VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-                               /*
+                               /*
                                 * no free page currently available...
                                 * must take the slow path
                                 */
@@ -4045,24 +4705,64 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                         *      the page copy.
                         */
                        vm_page_copy(cur_m, m);
-                       vm_page_insert(m, object, offset);
+                       vm_page_insert(m, object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset));
+                       if (VM_MAP_PAGE_MASK(map) != PAGE_MASK) {
+                               DEBUG4K_FAULT("map %p vaddr 0x%llx page %p [%p 0x%llx] copied to %p [%p 0x%llx]\n", map, (uint64_t)vaddr, cur_m, VM_PAGE_OBJECT(cur_m), cur_m->vmp_offset, m, VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m), m->vmp_offset);
+                       }
+                       m_object = object;
                        SET_PAGE_DIRTY(m, FALSE);
 
                        /*
                         * Now cope with the source page and object
                         */
-                       if (object->ref_count > 1 && cur_m->pmapped)
-                               pmap_disconnect(cur_m->phys_page);
-                       
-                       if (cur_m->clustered) {
+                       if (object->ref_count > 1 && cur_m->vmp_pmapped) {
+                               pmap_disconnect(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(cur_m));
+                       } else if (VM_MAP_PAGE_SIZE(map) < PAGE_SIZE) {
+                               /*
+                                * We've copied the full 16K page but we're
+                                * about to call vm_fault_enter() only for
+                                * the 4K chunk we're faulting on.  The other
+                                * three 4K chunks in that page could still
+                                * be pmapped in this pmap.
+                                * Since the VM object layer thinks that the
+                                * entire page has been dealt with and the
+                                * original page might no longer be needed,
+                                * it might collapse/bypass the original VM
+                                * object and free its pages, which would be
+                                * bad (and would trigger pmap_verify_free()
+                                * assertions) if the other 4K chunks are still
+                                * pmapped.
+                                */
+                               /*
+                                * XXX FBDP TODO4K: to be revisisted
+                                * Technically, we need to pmap_disconnect()
+                                * only the target pmap's mappings for the 4K
+                                * chunks of this 16K VM page.  If other pmaps
+                                * have PTEs on these chunks, that means that
+                                * the associated VM map must have a reference
+                                * on the VM object, so no need to worry about
+                                * those.
+                                * pmap_protect() for each 4K chunk would be
+                                * better but we'd have to check which chunks
+                                * are actually mapped before and after this
+                                * one.
+                                * A full-blown pmap_disconnect() is easier
+                                * for now but not efficient.
+                                */
+                               DEBUG4K_FAULT("pmap_disconnect() page %p object %p offset 0x%llx phys 0x%x\n", cur_m, VM_PAGE_OBJECT(cur_m), cur_m->vmp_offset, VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(cur_m));
+                               pmap_disconnect(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(cur_m));
+                       }
+
+                       if (cur_m->vmp_clustered) {
                                VM_PAGE_COUNT_AS_PAGEIN(cur_m);
                                VM_PAGE_CONSUME_CLUSTERED(cur_m);
+                               vm_fault_is_sequential(cur_object, cur_offset, fault_info.behavior);
                        }
                        need_collapse = TRUE;
 
                        if (!cur_object->internal &&
                            cur_object->copy_strategy == MEMORY_OBJECT_COPY_DELAY) {
-                               /*
+                               /*
                                 * The object from which we've just
                                 * copied a page is most probably backed
                                 * by a vnode.  We don't want to waste too
@@ -4070,25 +4770,26 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                                 * and create a bottleneck when several tasks
                                 * map the same file.
                                 */
-                               if (cur_object->copy == object) {
-                                       /*
+                               if (cur_object->copy == object) {
+                                       /*
                                         * Shared mapping or no COW yet.
                                         * We can never collapse a copy
                                         * object into its backing object.
                                         */
-                                       need_collapse = FALSE;
+                                       need_collapse = FALSE;
                                } else if (cur_object->copy == object->shadow &&
-                                          object->shadow->resident_page_count == 0) {
-                                       /*
+                                   object->shadow->resident_page_count == 0) {
+                                       /*
                                         * Shared mapping after a COW occurred.
                                         */
-                                       need_collapse = FALSE;
+                                       need_collapse = FALSE;
                                }
                        }
                        vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
 
-                       if (need_collapse == FALSE)
-                               vm_fault_collapse_skipped++;
+                       if (need_collapse == FALSE) {
+                               vm_fault_collapse_skipped++;
+                       }
                        vm_fault_collapse_total++;
 
                        type_of_fault = DBG_COW_FAULT;
@@ -4097,20 +4798,19 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                        current_task()->cow_faults++;
 
                        goto FastPmapEnter;
-
                } else {
                        /*
                         * No page at cur_object, cur_offset... m == NULL
                         */
                        if (cur_object->pager_created) {
-                               int     compressor_external_state = VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_UNKNOWN;
+                               vm_external_state_t compressor_external_state = VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_UNKNOWN;
 
-                               if (MUST_ASK_PAGER(cur_object, cur_offset, compressor_external_state) == TRUE) {
-                                       int             my_fault_type;
-                                       int             c_flags = C_DONT_BLOCK;
-                                       boolean_t       insert_cur_object = FALSE;
+                               if (MUST_ASK_PAGER(cur_object, cur_offset, compressor_external_state) == TRUE) {
+                                       int             my_fault_type;
+                                       uint8_t         c_flags = C_DONT_BLOCK;
+                                       bool            insert_cur_object = FALSE;
 
-                                       /*
+                                       /*
                                         * May have to talk to a pager...
                                         * if so, take the slow path by
                                         * doing a 'break' from the while (TRUE) loop
@@ -4118,8 +4818,9 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                                         * external_state will only be set to VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_EXISTS
                                         * if the compressor is active and the page exists there
                                         */
-                                       if (compressor_external_state != VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_EXISTS)
+                                       if (compressor_external_state != VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_EXISTS) {
                                                break;
+                                       }
 
                                        if (map == kernel_map || real_map == kernel_map) {
                                                /*
@@ -4130,15 +4831,14 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                                                break;
                                        }
                                        if (object != cur_object) {
-                                               if (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE)
+                                               if (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
                                                        c_flags |= C_KEEP;
-                                               else
+                                               } else {
                                                        insert_cur_object = TRUE;
+                                               }
                                        }
                                        if (insert_cur_object == TRUE) {
-
                                                if (cur_object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-
                                                        cur_object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
 
                                                        if (vm_object_lock_upgrade(cur_object) == FALSE) {
@@ -4152,14 +4852,14 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                                                                vm_object_unlock(object);
 
                                                                vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                                                               if (real_map != map)
+                                                               if (real_map != map) {
                                                                        vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                                                               }
 
                                                                goto RetryFault;
                                                        }
                                                }
                                        } else if (object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-
                                                object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
 
                                                if (object != cur_object) {
@@ -4177,8 +4877,9 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                                                        vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
 
                                                        vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                                                       if (real_map != map)
+                                                       if (real_map != map) {
                                                                vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                                                       }
 
                                                        goto RetryFault;
                                                }
@@ -4193,11 +4894,12 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                                                         * at the top level of the object chain
                                                         */
                                                        vm_object_lock(object);
-                                                       
+
                                                        continue;
                                                }
                                        }
-                                       m = vm_page_grab();
+                                       m = vm_page_grab_options(grab_options);
+                                       m_object = NULL;
 
                                        if (m == VM_PAGE_NULL) {
                                                /*
@@ -4212,11 +4914,11 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                                         * so no need to take a
                                         * "paging_in_progress" reference.
                                         */
-                                       boolean_t shared_lock;
+                                       bool      shared_lock;
                                        if ((object == cur_object &&
-                                            object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE) ||
+                                           object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE) ||
                                            (object != cur_object &&
-                                            cur_object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE)) {
+                                           cur_object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE)) {
                                                shared_lock = FALSE;
                                        } else {
                                                shared_lock = TRUE;
@@ -4224,9 +4926,9 @@ FastPmapEnter:
 
                                        kr = vm_compressor_pager_get(
                                                cur_object->pager,
-                                               (cur_offset +
-                                                cur_object->paging_offset),
-                                               m->phys_page,
+                                               (vm_object_trunc_page(cur_offset)
+                                               + cur_object->paging_offset),
+                                               VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m),
                                                &my_fault_type,
                                                c_flags,
                                                &compressed_count_delta);
@@ -4238,10 +4940,29 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                                                cur_object);
 
                                        if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                                               vm_page_release(m);
+                                               vm_page_release(m, FALSE);
+                                               m = VM_PAGE_NULL;
+                                       }
+                                       /*
+                                        * If vm_compressor_pager_get() returns
+                                        * KERN_MEMORY_FAILURE, then the
+                                        * compressed data is permanently lost,
+                                        * so return this error immediately.
+                                        */
+                                       if (kr == KERN_MEMORY_FAILURE) {
+                                               if (object != cur_object) {
+                                                       vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
+                                               }
+                                               vm_object_unlock(object);
+                                               vm_map_unlock_read(map);
+                                               if (real_map != map) {
+                                                       vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                                               }
+                                               goto done;
+                                       } else if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                                                break;
                                        }
-                                       m->dirty = TRUE;
+                                       m->vmp_dirty = TRUE;
 
                                        /*
                                         * If the object is purgeable, its
@@ -4269,45 +4990,50 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                                                 * no ledger update in that
                                                 * case.
                                                 */
-                                       } else if ((cur_object->purgable ==
-                                                   VM_PURGABLE_DENY) ||
-                                                  (cur_object->vo_purgeable_owner ==
-                                                   NULL)) {
+                                       } else if (((cur_object->purgable ==
+                                           VM_PURGABLE_DENY) &&
+                                           (!cur_object->vo_ledger_tag)) ||
+                                           (cur_object->vo_owner ==
+                                           NULL)) {
                                                /*
                                                 * "cur_object" is not purgeable
-                                                * or is not owned, so no
-                                                * purgeable ledgers to update.
+                                                * and is not ledger-taged, or
+                                                * there's no owner for it,
+                                                * so no owner's ledgers to
+                                                * update.
                                                 */
                                        } else {
                                                /*
                                                 * One less compressed
-                                                * purgeable page for
+                                                * purgeable/tagged page for
                                                 * cur_object's owner.
                                                 */
-                                               vm_purgeable_compressed_update(
+                                               vm_object_owner_compressed_update(
                                                        cur_object,
                                                        -1);
                                        }
 
                                        if (insert_cur_object) {
-                                               vm_page_insert(m, cur_object, cur_offset);
+                                               vm_page_insert(m, cur_object, vm_object_trunc_page(cur_offset));
+                                               m_object = cur_object;
                                        } else {
-                                               vm_page_insert(m, object, offset);
+                                               vm_page_insert(m, object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset));
+                                               m_object = object;
                                        }
 
-                                       if ((m->object->wimg_bits & VM_WIMG_MASK) != VM_WIMG_USE_DEFAULT) {
-                                                /*
+                                       if ((m_object->wimg_bits & VM_WIMG_MASK) != VM_WIMG_USE_DEFAULT) {
+                                               /*
                                                 * If the page is not cacheable,
                                                 * we can't let its contents
                                                 * linger in the data cache
                                                 * after the decompression.
                                                 */
-                                               pmap_sync_page_attributes_phys(m->phys_page);
+                                               pmap_sync_page_attributes_phys(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m));
                                        }
 
                                        type_of_fault = my_fault_type;
 
-                                       VM_STAT_INCR(decompressions);
+                                       VM_STAT_DECOMPRESSIONS();
 
                                        if (cur_object != object) {
                                                if (insert_cur_object) {
@@ -4329,97 +5055,237 @@ FastPmapEnter:
                                 * that the pager doesn't have this page
                                 */
                        }
-                       if (cur_object->shadow == VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
+                       if (cur_object->shadow == VM_OBJECT_NULL ||
+                           resilient_media_retry) {
                                /*
                                 * Zero fill fault.  Page gets
                                 * inserted into the original object.
                                 */
                                if (cur_object->shadow_severed ||
-                                   VM_OBJECT_PURGEABLE_FAULT_ERROR(cur_object))
-                               {
-                                       if (object != cur_object)
-                                               vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
+                                   VM_OBJECT_PURGEABLE_FAULT_ERROR(cur_object) ||
+                                   cur_object == compressor_object ||
+                                   cur_object == kernel_object ||
+                                   cur_object == vm_submap_object) {
+                                       if (object != cur_object) {
+                                               vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
+                                       }
                                        vm_object_unlock(object);
 
                                        vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                                       if (real_map != map)
+                                       if (real_map != map) {
                                                vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                                       }
 
                                        kr = KERN_MEMORY_ERROR;
                                        goto done;
                                }
-                               if (vm_backing_store_low) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * we are protecting the system from
-                                        * backing store exhaustion... 
-                                        * must take the slow path if we're
-                                        * not privileged
-                                        */
-                                       if (!(current_task()->priv_flags & VM_BACKING_STORE_PRIV))
-                                               break;
-                               }
-                               if (cur_object != object) {
+                               if (cur_object != object) {
                                        vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
 
                                        cur_object = object;
                                }
                                if (object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-
-                                       object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
+                                       object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
 
                                        if (vm_object_lock_upgrade(object) == FALSE) {
-                                               /*
+                                               /*
                                                 * couldn't upgrade so do a full retry on the fault
                                                 * since we dropped the object lock which
                                                 * could allow another thread to insert
                                                 * a page at this offset
                                                 */
-                                               vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                                               if (real_map != map)
-                                                       vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                                               vm_map_unlock_read(map);
+                                               if (real_map != map) {
+                                                       vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                                               }
 
                                                goto RetryFault;
                                        }
                                }
-                               m = vm_page_alloc(object, offset);
+                               if (!object->internal) {
+                                       panic("%s:%d should not zero-fill page at offset 0x%llx in external object %p", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, (uint64_t)offset, object);
+                               }
+                               m = vm_page_alloc(object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset));
+                               m_object = NULL;
 
                                if (m == VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-                                       /*
+                                       /*
                                         * no free page currently available...
                                         * must take the slow path
                                         */
                                        break;
                                }
+                               m_object = object;
 
                                /*
-                                * Now zero fill page...
-                                * the page is probably going to 
-                                * be written soon, so don't bother
-                                * to clear the modified bit
+                                * Zeroing the page and entering into it into the pmap
+                                * represents a significant amount of the zero fill fault handler's work.
                                 *
-                                *   NOTE: This code holds the map
-                                *   lock across the zero fill.
+                                * To improve fault scalability, we'll drop the object lock, if it appears contended,
+                                * now that we've inserted the page into the vm object.
+                                * Before dropping the lock, we need to check protection bits and set the
+                                * mapped bits on the page. Then we can mark the page busy, drop the lock,
+                                * zero it, and do the pmap enter. We'll need to reacquire the lock
+                                * to clear the busy bit and wake up any waiters.
                                 */
-                               type_of_fault = vm_fault_zero_page(m, map->no_zero_fill);
+                               vm_fault_cs_clear(m);
+                               m->vmp_pmapped = TRUE;
+                               if (map->no_zero_fill) {
+                                       type_of_fault = DBG_NZF_PAGE_FAULT;
+                               } else {
+                                       type_of_fault = DBG_ZERO_FILL_FAULT;
+                               }
+                               {
+                                       pmap_t destination_pmap;
+                                       vm_map_offset_t destination_pmap_vaddr;
+                                       vm_prot_t enter_fault_type;
+                                       if (caller_pmap) {
+                                               destination_pmap = caller_pmap;
+                                               destination_pmap_vaddr = caller_pmap_addr;
+                                       } else {
+                                               destination_pmap = pmap;
+                                               destination_pmap_vaddr = vaddr;
+                                       }
+                                       if (change_wiring) {
+                                               enter_fault_type = VM_PROT_NONE;
+                                       } else {
+                                               enter_fault_type = caller_prot;
+                                       }
+                                       kr = vm_fault_enter_prepare(m,
+                                           destination_pmap,
+                                           destination_pmap_vaddr,
+                                           &prot,
+                                           caller_prot,
+                                           fault_page_size,
+                                           fault_phys_offset,
+                                           change_wiring,
+                                           enter_fault_type,
+                                           &fault_info,
+                                           &type_of_fault,
+                                           &page_needs_data_sync);
+                                       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+                                               goto zero_fill_cleanup;
+                                       }
 
-                               goto FastPmapEnter;
-                       }
+                                       if (object_is_contended) {
+                                               /*
+                                                * At this point the page is in the vm object, but not on a paging queue.
+                                                * Since it's accessible to another thread but its contents are invalid
+                                                * (it hasn't been zeroed) mark it busy before dropping the object lock.
+                                                */
+                                               m->vmp_busy = TRUE;
+                                               vm_object_unlock(object);
+                                       }
+                                       if (type_of_fault == DBG_ZERO_FILL_FAULT) {
+                                               /*
+                                                * Now zero fill page...
+                                                * the page is probably going to
+                                                * be written soon, so don't bother
+                                                * to clear the modified bit
+                                                *
+                                                *   NOTE: This code holds the map
+                                                *   lock across the zero fill.
+                                                */
+                                               vm_page_zero_fill(m);
+                                               VM_STAT_INCR(zero_fill_count);
+                                               DTRACE_VM2(zfod, int, 1, (uint64_t *), NULL);
+                                       }
+                                       if (page_needs_data_sync) {
+                                               pmap_sync_page_data_phys(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m));
+                                       }
+
+                                       if (top_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
+                                               need_retry_ptr = &need_retry;
+                                       } else {
+                                               need_retry_ptr = NULL;
+                                       }
+                                       if (object_is_contended) {
+                                               kr = vm_fault_pmap_enter(destination_pmap, destination_pmap_vaddr,
+                                                   fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset,
+                                                   m, &prot, caller_prot, enter_fault_type, wired,
+                                                   fault_info.pmap_options, need_retry_ptr);
+                                               vm_object_lock(object);
+                                       } else {
+                                               kr = vm_fault_pmap_enter_with_object_lock(object, destination_pmap, destination_pmap_vaddr,
+                                                   fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset,
+                                                   m, &prot, caller_prot, enter_fault_type, wired,
+                                                   fault_info.pmap_options, need_retry_ptr);
+                                       }
+                               }
+zero_fill_cleanup:
+                               if (!VM_DYNAMIC_PAGING_ENABLED() &&
+                                   (object->purgable == VM_PURGABLE_DENY ||
+                                   object->purgable == VM_PURGABLE_NONVOLATILE ||
+                                   object->purgable == VM_PURGABLE_VOLATILE)) {
+                                       vm_page_lockspin_queues();
+                                       if (!VM_DYNAMIC_PAGING_ENABLED()) {
+                                               vm_fault_enqueue_throttled_locked(m);
+                                       }
+                                       vm_page_unlock_queues();
+                               }
+                               vm_fault_enqueue_page(object, m, wired, change_wiring, wire_tag, fault_info.no_cache, &type_of_fault, kr);
+
+                               vm_fault_complete(
+                                       map,
+                                       real_map,
+                                       object,
+                                       m_object,
+                                       m,
+                                       offset,
+                                       trace_real_vaddr,
+                                       &fault_info,
+                                       caller_prot,
+                                       real_vaddr,
+                                       type_of_fault,
+                                       need_retry,
+                                       kr,
+                                       physpage_p,
+                                       prot,
+                                       top_object,
+                                       need_collapse,
+                                       cur_offset,
+                                       fault_type,
+                                       &written_on_object,
+                                       &written_on_pager,
+                                       &written_on_offset);
+                               top_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+                               if (need_retry == TRUE) {
+                                       /*
+                                        * vm_fault_enter couldn't complete the PMAP_ENTER...
+                                        * at this point we don't hold any locks so it's safe
+                                        * to ask the pmap layer to expand the page table to
+                                        * accommodate this mapping... once expanded, we'll
+                                        * re-drive the fault which should result in vm_fault_enter
+                                        * being able to successfully enter the mapping this time around
+                                        */
+                                       (void)pmap_enter_options(
+                                               pmap, vaddr, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+                                               PMAP_OPTIONS_NOENTER, NULL);
+
+                                       need_retry = FALSE;
+                                       goto RetryFault;
+                               }
+                               goto done;
+                       }
                        /*
                         * On to the next level in the shadow chain
                         */
                        cur_offset += cur_object->vo_shadow_offset;
                        new_object = cur_object->shadow;
+                       fault_phys_offset = cur_offset - vm_object_trunc_page(cur_offset);
 
                        /*
                         * take the new_object's lock with the indicated state
                         */
-                       if (cur_object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED)
-                               vm_object_lock_shared(new_object);
-                       else
-                               vm_object_lock(new_object);
+                       if (cur_object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
+                               vm_object_lock_shared(new_object);
+                       } else {
+                               vm_object_lock(new_object);
+                       }
 
-                       if (cur_object != object)
+                       if (cur_object != object) {
                                vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
+                       }
 
                        cur_object = new_object;
 
@@ -4430,33 +5296,73 @@ FastPmapEnter:
         * Cleanup from fast fault failure.  Drop any object
         * lock other than original and drop map lock.
         */
-       if (object != cur_object)
+       if (object != cur_object) {
                vm_object_unlock(cur_object);
+       }
 
        /*
         * must own the object lock exclusively at this point
         */
        if (object_lock_type == OBJECT_LOCK_SHARED) {
-               object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
+               object_lock_type = OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE;
 
                if (vm_object_lock_upgrade(object) == FALSE) {
-                       /*
+                       /*
                         * couldn't upgrade, so explictly
                         * take the lock exclusively
                         * no need to retry the fault at this
                         * point since "vm_fault_page" will
                         * completely re-evaluate the state
                         */
-                       vm_object_lock(object);
+                       vm_object_lock(object);
                }
        }
 
 handle_copy_delay:
        vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-       if (real_map != map)
+       if (real_map != map) {
                vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+       }
+
+       if (__improbable(object == compressor_object ||
+           object == kernel_object ||
+           object == vm_submap_object)) {
+               /*
+                * These objects are explicitly managed and populated by the
+                * kernel.  The virtual ranges backed by these objects should
+                * either have wired pages or "holes" that are not supposed to
+                * be accessed at all until they get explicitly populated.
+                * We should never have to resolve a fault on a mapping backed
+                * by one of these VM objects and providing a zero-filled page
+                * would be wrong here, so let's fail the fault and let the
+                * caller crash or recover.
+                */
+               vm_object_unlock(object);
+               kr = KERN_MEMORY_ERROR;
+               goto done;
+       }
+
+       assert(object != compressor_object);
+       assert(object != kernel_object);
+       assert(object != vm_submap_object);
+
+       if (resilient_media_retry) {
+               /*
+                * We could get here if we failed to get a free page
+                * to zero-fill and had to take the slow path again.
+                * Reset our "recovery-from-failed-media" state.
+                */
+               assert(resilient_media_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL);
+               assert(resilient_media_offset != (vm_object_offset_t)-1);
+               /* release our extra reference on failed object */
+//             printf("FBDP %s:%d resilient_media_object %p deallocate\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, resilient_media_object);
+               vm_object_deallocate(resilient_media_object);
+               resilient_media_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+               resilient_media_offset = (vm_object_offset_t)-1;
+               resilient_media_retry = FALSE;
+       }
 
-       /*
+       /*
         * Make a reference to this object to
         * prevent its disposal while we are messing with
         * it.  Once we have the reference, the map is free
@@ -4466,18 +5372,17 @@ handle_copy_delay:
        vm_object_reference_locked(object);
        vm_object_paging_begin(object);
 
-       XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,"vm_fault -> vm_fault_page\n",0,0,0,0,0);
-
+       set_thread_pagein_error(cthread, 0);
        error_code = 0;
 
        result_page = VM_PAGE_NULL;
        kr = vm_fault_page(object, offset, fault_type,
-                          (change_wiring && !wired),
-                          FALSE, /* page not looked up */
-                          &prot, &result_page, &top_page,
-                          &type_of_fault,
-                          &error_code, map->no_zero_fill,
-                          FALSE, &fault_info);
+           (change_wiring && !wired),
+           FALSE,                /* page not looked up */
+           &prot, &result_page, &top_page,
+           &type_of_fault,
+           &error_code, map->no_zero_fill,
+           FALSE, &fault_info);
 
        /*
         * if kr != VM_FAULT_SUCCESS, then the paging reference
@@ -4489,87 +5394,137 @@ handle_copy_delay:
         *
         *      the object is returned locked with a paging reference
         *
-        *      if top_page != NULL, then it's BUSY and the 
+        *      if top_page != NULL, then it's BUSY and the
         *      object it belongs to has a paging reference
         *      but is returned unlocked
         */
        if (kr != VM_FAULT_SUCCESS &&
            kr != VM_FAULT_SUCCESS_NO_VM_PAGE) {
-               /*
-                * we didn't succeed, lose the object reference immediately.
-                */
-               vm_object_deallocate(object);
+               if (kr == VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR &&
+                   fault_info.resilient_media) {
+                       assertf(object->internal, "object %p", object);
+                       /*
+                        * This fault failed but the mapping was
+                        * "media resilient", so we'll retry the fault in
+                        * recovery mode to get a zero-filled page in the
+                        * top object.
+                        * Keep the reference on the failing object so
+                        * that we can check that the mapping is still
+                        * pointing to it when we retry the fault.
+                        */
+//                     printf("RESILIENT_MEDIA %s:%d: object %p offset 0x%llx recover from media error 0x%x kr 0x%x top_page %p result_page %p\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, object, offset, error_code, kr, top_page, result_page);
+                       assert(!resilient_media_retry); /* no double retry */
+                       assert(resilient_media_object == VM_OBJECT_NULL);
+                       assert(resilient_media_offset == (vm_object_offset_t)-1);
+                       resilient_media_retry = TRUE;
+                       resilient_media_object = object;
+                       resilient_media_offset = offset;
+//                     printf("FBDP %s:%d resilient_media_object %p offset 0x%llx kept reference\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, resilient_media_object, resilient_mmedia_offset);
+                       goto RetryFault;
+               } else {
+                       /*
+                        * we didn't succeed, lose the object reference
+                        * immediately.
+                        */
+                       vm_object_deallocate(object);
+                       object = VM_OBJECT_NULL; /* no longer valid */
+               }
 
                /*
                 * See why we failed, and take corrective action.
                 */
                switch (kr) {
                case VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE:
-                       if (vm_page_wait((change_wiring) ? 
-                                        THREAD_UNINT :
-                                        THREAD_ABORTSAFE))
+                       if (vm_page_wait((change_wiring) ?
+                           THREAD_UNINT :
+                           THREAD_ABORTSAFE)) {
                                goto RetryFault;
-                       /*
-                        * fall thru
-                        */
+                       }
+                       OS_FALLTHROUGH;
                case VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED:
                        kr = KERN_ABORTED;
                        goto done;
                case VM_FAULT_RETRY:
                        goto RetryFault;
                case VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR:
-                       if (error_code)
+                       if (error_code) {
                                kr = error_code;
-                       else
+                       } else {
                                kr = KERN_MEMORY_ERROR;
+                       }
                        goto done;
                default:
                        panic("vm_fault: unexpected error 0x%x from "
-                             "vm_fault_page()\n", kr);
+                           "vm_fault_page()\n", kr);
                }
        }
        m = result_page;
+       m_object = NULL;
 
        if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
+               m_object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m);
                assert((change_wiring && !wired) ?
-                   (top_page == VM_PAGE_NULL) :
-                   ((top_page == VM_PAGE_NULL) == (m->object == object)));
+                   (top_page == VM_PAGE_NULL) :
+                   ((top_page == VM_PAGE_NULL) == (m_object == object)));
        }
 
        /*
         * What to do with the resulting page from vm_fault_page
         * if it doesn't get entered into the physical map:
         */
-#define RELEASE_PAGE(m)                                        \
-       MACRO_BEGIN                                     \
-       PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);                            \
-       if (!m->active && !m->inactive && !m->throttled) {              \
-               vm_page_lockspin_queues();                              \
-               if (!m->active && !m->inactive && !m->throttled)        \
-                       vm_page_activate(m);                            \
-               vm_page_unlock_queues();                                \
-       }                                                               \
+#define RELEASE_PAGE(m)                                 \
+       MACRO_BEGIN                                     \
+       PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);                            \
+       if ( !VM_PAGE_PAGEABLE(m)) {                    \
+               vm_page_lockspin_queues();              \
+               if ( !VM_PAGE_PAGEABLE(m))              \
+                       vm_page_activate(m);            \
+               vm_page_unlock_queues();                \
+       }                                               \
        MACRO_END
 
+
+       object_locks_dropped = FALSE;
        /*
         * We must verify that the maps have not changed
-        * since our last lookup.
+        * since our last lookup. vm_map_verify() needs the
+        * map lock (shared) but we are holding object locks.
+        * So we do a try_lock() first and, if that fails, we
+        * drop the object locks and go in for the map lock again.
         */
-       if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-               old_copy_object = m->object->copy;
-               vm_object_unlock(m->object);
-       } else {
-               old_copy_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
-               vm_object_unlock(object);
+       if (!vm_map_try_lock_read(original_map)) {
+               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
+                       old_copy_object = m_object->copy;
+                       vm_object_unlock(m_object);
+               } else {
+                       old_copy_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+                       vm_object_unlock(object);
+               }
+
+               object_locks_dropped = TRUE;
+
+               vm_map_lock_read(original_map);
        }
 
-       /*
-        * no object locks are held at this point
-        */
        if ((map != original_map) || !vm_map_verify(map, &version)) {
-               vm_object_t             retry_object;
-               vm_object_offset_t      retry_offset;
-               vm_prot_t               retry_prot;
+               if (object_locks_dropped == FALSE) {
+                       if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
+                               old_copy_object = m_object->copy;
+                               vm_object_unlock(m_object);
+                       } else {
+                               old_copy_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+                               vm_object_unlock(object);
+                       }
+
+                       object_locks_dropped = TRUE;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * no object locks are held at this point
+                */
+               vm_object_t             retry_object;
+               vm_object_offset_t      retry_offset;
+               vm_prot_t               retry_prot;
 
                /*
                 * To avoid trying to write_lock the map while another
@@ -4581,41 +5536,43 @@ handle_copy_delay:
                 * take another fault.
                 */
                map = original_map;
-               vm_map_lock_read(map);
 
                kr = vm_map_lookup_locked(&map, vaddr,
-                                         fault_type & ~VM_PROT_WRITE,
-                                         OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE, &version,
-                                         &retry_object, &retry_offset, &retry_prot,
-                                         &wired,
-                                         &fault_info,
-                                         &real_map);
+                   fault_type & ~VM_PROT_WRITE,
+                   OBJECT_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE, &version,
+                   &retry_object, &retry_offset, &retry_prot,
+                   &wired,
+                   &fault_info,
+                   &real_map,
+                   NULL);
                pmap = real_map->pmap;
 
                if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                        vm_map_unlock_read(map);
 
                        if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-                               /*
+                               assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m) == m_object);
+
+                               /*
                                 * retake the lock so that
                                 * we can drop the paging reference
                                 * in vm_fault_cleanup and do the
                                 * PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE in RELEASE_PAGE
                                 */
-                               vm_object_lock(m->object);
+                               vm_object_lock(m_object);
 
                                RELEASE_PAGE(m);
 
-                               vm_fault_cleanup(m->object, top_page);
+                               vm_fault_cleanup(m_object, top_page);
                        } else {
-                               /*
+                               /*
                                 * retake the lock so that
                                 * we can drop the paging reference
                                 * in vm_fault_cleanup
                                 */
-                               vm_object_lock(object);
+                               vm_object_lock(object);
 
-                               vm_fault_cleanup(object, top_page);
+                               vm_fault_cleanup(object, top_page);
                        }
                        vm_object_deallocate(object);
 
@@ -4624,32 +5581,34 @@ handle_copy_delay:
                vm_object_unlock(retry_object);
 
                if ((retry_object != object) || (retry_offset != offset)) {
-
                        vm_map_unlock_read(map);
-                       if (real_map != map)
+                       if (real_map != map) {
                                vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                       }
 
                        if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-                               /*
+                               assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m) == m_object);
+
+                               /*
                                 * retake the lock so that
                                 * we can drop the paging reference
                                 * in vm_fault_cleanup and do the
                                 * PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE in RELEASE_PAGE
                                 */
-                               vm_object_lock(m->object);
+                               vm_object_lock(m_object);
 
                                RELEASE_PAGE(m);
 
-                               vm_fault_cleanup(m->object, top_page);
+                               vm_fault_cleanup(m_object, top_page);
                        } else {
-                               /*
+                               /*
                                 * retake the lock so that
                                 * we can drop the paging reference
                                 * in vm_fault_cleanup
                                 */
-                               vm_object_lock(object);
+                               vm_object_lock(object);
 
-                               vm_fault_cleanup(object, top_page);
+                               vm_fault_cleanup(object, top_page);
                        }
                        vm_object_deallocate(object);
 
@@ -4659,37 +5618,88 @@ handle_copy_delay:
                 * Check whether the protection has changed or the object
                 * has been copied while we left the map unlocked.
                 */
-               prot &= retry_prot;
+               if (pmap_has_prot_policy(pmap, fault_info.pmap_options & PMAP_OPTIONS_TRANSLATED_ALLOW_EXECUTE, retry_prot)) {
+                       /* If the pmap layer cares, pass the full set. */
+                       prot = retry_prot;
+               } else {
+                       prot &= retry_prot;
+               }
        }
-       if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-               vm_object_lock(m->object);
 
-               if (m->object->copy != old_copy_object) {
-                       /*
-                        * The copy object changed while the top-level object
-                        * was unlocked, so take away write permission.
-                        */
-                       prot &= ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
+       if (object_locks_dropped == TRUE) {
+               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
+                       vm_object_lock(m_object);
+
+                       if (m_object->copy != old_copy_object) {
+                               /*
+                                * The copy object changed while the top-level object
+                                * was unlocked, so take away write permission.
+                                */
+                               assert(!pmap_has_prot_policy(pmap, fault_info.pmap_options & PMAP_OPTIONS_TRANSLATED_ALLOW_EXECUTE, prot));
+                               prot &= ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       vm_object_lock(object);
                }
-       } else
-               vm_object_lock(object);
+
+               object_locks_dropped = FALSE;
+       }
+
+       if (!need_copy &&
+           !fault_info.no_copy_on_read &&
+           m != VM_PAGE_NULL &&
+           VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m) != object &&
+           !VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m)->pager_trusted &&
+           vm_protect_privileged_from_untrusted &&
+           !((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) &&
+           VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m)->code_signed &&
+           pmap_get_vm_map_cs_enforced(caller_pmap ? caller_pmap : pmap)) &&
+           current_proc_is_privileged()) {
+               /*
+                * We found the page we want in an "untrusted" VM object
+                * down the shadow chain.  Since the target is "privileged"
+                * we want to perform a copy-on-read of that page, so that the
+                * mapped object gets a stable copy and does not have to
+                * rely on the "untrusted" object to provide the same
+                * contents if the page gets reclaimed and has to be paged
+                * in again later on.
+                *
+                * Special case: if the mapping is executable and the untrusted
+                * object is code-signed and the process is "cs_enforced", we
+                * do not copy-on-read because that would break code-signing
+                * enforcement expectations (an executable page must belong
+                * to a code-signed object) and we can rely on code-signing
+                * to re-validate the page if it gets evicted and paged back in.
+                */
+//             printf("COPY-ON-READ %s:%d map %p vaddr 0x%llx obj %p offset 0x%llx found page %p (obj %p offset 0x%llx) UNTRUSTED -> need copy-on-read\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, map, (uint64_t)vaddr, object, offset, m, VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m), m->vmp_offset);
+               vm_copied_on_read++;
+               need_copy_on_read = TRUE;
+               need_copy = TRUE;
+       } else {
+               need_copy_on_read = FALSE;
+       }
 
        /*
         * If we want to wire down this page, but no longer have
         * adequate permissions, we must start all over.
+        * If we decided to copy-on-read, we must also start all over.
         */
-       if (wired && (fault_type != (prot | VM_PROT_WRITE))) {
-
-               vm_map_verify_done(map, &version);
-               if (real_map != map)
+       if ((wired && (fault_type != (prot | VM_PROT_WRITE))) ||
+           need_copy_on_read) {
+               vm_map_unlock_read(map);
+               if (real_map != map) {
                        vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+               }
 
                if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
+                       assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m) == m_object);
+
                        RELEASE_PAGE(m);
 
-                       vm_fault_cleanup(m->object, top_page);
-               } else
-                       vm_fault_cleanup(object, top_page);
+                       vm_fault_cleanup(m_object, top_page);
+               } else {
+                       vm_fault_cleanup(object, top_page);
+               }
 
                vm_object_deallocate(object);
 
@@ -4703,88 +5713,94 @@ handle_copy_delay:
                 * the pageout queues.  If the pageout daemon comes
                 * across the page, it will remove it from the queues.
                 */
+               if (fault_page_size < PAGE_SIZE) {
+                       DEBUG4K_FAULT("map %p original %p pmap %p va 0x%llx pa 0x%llx(0x%llx+0x%llx) prot 0x%x caller_prot 0x%x\n", map, original_map, pmap, (uint64_t)vaddr, (uint64_t)((((pmap_paddr_t)VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m)) << PAGE_SHIFT) + fault_phys_offset), (uint64_t)(((pmap_paddr_t)VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m)) << PAGE_SHIFT), (uint64_t)fault_phys_offset, prot, caller_prot);
+                       assertf((!(fault_phys_offset & FOURK_PAGE_MASK) &&
+                           fault_phys_offset < PAGE_SIZE),
+                           "0x%llx\n", (uint64_t)fault_phys_offset);
+               } else {
+                       assertf(fault_phys_offset == 0,
+                           "0x%llx\n", (uint64_t)fault_phys_offset);
+               }
                if (caller_pmap) {
                        kr = vm_fault_enter(m,
-                                           caller_pmap,
-                                           caller_pmap_addr,
-                                           prot,
-                                           caller_prot,
-                                           wired,
-                                           change_wiring,
-                                           fault_info.no_cache,
-                                           fault_info.cs_bypass,
-                                           fault_info.user_tag,
-                                           fault_info.pmap_options,
-                                           NULL,
-                                           &type_of_fault);
+                           caller_pmap,
+                           caller_pmap_addr,
+                           fault_page_size,
+                           fault_phys_offset,
+                           prot,
+                           caller_prot,
+                           wired,
+                           change_wiring,
+                           wire_tag,
+                           &fault_info,
+                           NULL,
+                           &type_of_fault);
                } else {
                        kr = vm_fault_enter(m,
-                                           pmap,
-                                           vaddr,
-                                           prot,
-                                           caller_prot,
-                                           wired,
-                                           change_wiring,
-                                           fault_info.no_cache,
-                                           fault_info.cs_bypass,
-                                           fault_info.user_tag,
-                                           fault_info.pmap_options,
-                                           NULL,
-                                           &type_of_fault);
+                           pmap,
+                           vaddr,
+                           fault_page_size,
+                           fault_phys_offset,
+                           prot,
+                           caller_prot,
+                           wired,
+                           change_wiring,
+                           wire_tag,
+                           &fault_info,
+                           NULL,
+                           &type_of_fault);
+               }
+               assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m) == m_object);
+
+               {
+                       int     event_code = 0;
+
+                       if (m_object->internal) {
+                               event_code = (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_WORKINGSET, VM_REAL_FAULT_ADDR_INTERNAL));
+                       } else if (m_object->object_is_shared_cache) {
+                               event_code = (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_WORKINGSET, VM_REAL_FAULT_ADDR_SHAREDCACHE));
+                       } else {
+                               event_code = (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_WORKINGSET, VM_REAL_FAULT_ADDR_EXTERNAL));
+                       }
+
+                       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_TRACE, event_code, trace_real_vaddr, (fault_info.user_tag << 16) | (caller_prot << 8) | vm_fault_type_for_tracing(need_copy_on_read, type_of_fault), m->vmp_offset, get_current_unique_pid(), 0);
+                       KDBG_FILTERED(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_WORKINGSET, VM_REAL_FAULT_SLOW), get_current_unique_pid(), 0, 0, 0, 0);
+
+                       DTRACE_VM6(real_fault, vm_map_offset_t, real_vaddr, vm_map_offset_t, m->vmp_offset, int, event_code, int, caller_prot, int, type_of_fault, int, fault_info.user_tag);
                }
                if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                        /* abort this page fault */
-                       vm_map_verify_done(map, &version);
-                       if (real_map != map)
+                       vm_map_unlock_read(map);
+                       if (real_map != map) {
                                vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+                       }
                        PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);
-                       vm_fault_cleanup(m->object, top_page);
+                       vm_fault_cleanup(m_object, top_page);
                        vm_object_deallocate(object);
                        goto done;
                }
                if (physpage_p != NULL) {
                        /* for vm_map_wire_and_extract() */
-                       *physpage_p = m->phys_page;
+                       *physpage_p = VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m);
                        if (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
-                               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(m->object);
-                               m->dirty = TRUE;
+                               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(m_object);
+                               m->vmp_dirty = TRUE;
                        }
                }
        } else {
+               vm_map_entry_t          entry;
+               vm_map_offset_t         laddr;
+               vm_map_offset_t         ldelta, hdelta;
 
-               vm_map_entry_t          entry;
-               vm_map_offset_t         laddr;
-               vm_map_offset_t         ldelta, hdelta;
-
-               /* 
+               /*
                 * do a pmap block mapping from the physical address
-                * in the object 
+                * in the object
                 */
 
-#ifdef ppc
-               /* While we do not worry about execution protection in   */
-               /* general, certian pages may have instruction execution */
-               /* disallowed.  We will check here, and if not allowed   */
-               /* to execute, we return with a protection failure.      */
-
-               if ((fault_type & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) &&
-                       (!pmap_eligible_for_execute((ppnum_t)(object->vo_shadow_offset >> 12)))) {
-
-                       vm_map_verify_done(map, &version);
-
-                       if (real_map != map)
-                               vm_map_unlock(real_map);
-
-                       vm_fault_cleanup(object, top_page);
-                       vm_object_deallocate(object);
-
-                       kr = KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE;
-                       goto done;
-               }
-#endif /* ppc */
-
-               if (real_map != map)
+               if (real_map != map) {
                        vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+               }
 
                if (original_map != map) {
                        vm_map_unlock_read(map);
@@ -4798,36 +5814,40 @@ handle_copy_delay:
                ldelta = 0xFFFFF000;
 
                while (vm_map_lookup_entry(map, laddr, &entry)) {
-                       if (ldelta > (laddr - entry->vme_start))
+                       if (ldelta > (laddr - entry->vme_start)) {
                                ldelta = laddr - entry->vme_start;
-                       if (hdelta > (entry->vme_end - laddr))
+                       }
+                       if (hdelta > (entry->vme_end - laddr)) {
                                hdelta = entry->vme_end - laddr;
+                       }
                        if (entry->is_sub_map) {
-                               
-                               laddr = ((laddr - entry->vme_start) 
-                                        + VME_OFFSET(entry));
+                               laddr = ((laddr - entry->vme_start)
+                                   + VME_OFFSET(entry));
                                vm_map_lock_read(VME_SUBMAP(entry));
 
-                               if (map != real_map)
+                               if (map != real_map) {
                                        vm_map_unlock_read(map);
+                               }
                                if (entry->use_pmap) {
                                        vm_map_unlock_read(real_map);
                                        real_map = VME_SUBMAP(entry);
                                }
                                map = VME_SUBMAP(entry);
-                               
                        } else {
                                break;
                        }
                }
 
-               if (vm_map_lookup_entry(map, laddr, &entry) && 
+               if (vm_map_lookup_entry(map, laddr, &entry) &&
                    (VME_OBJECT(entry) != NULL) &&
                    (VME_OBJECT(entry) == object)) {
-                       int superpage;
+                       uint16_t superpage;
 
                        if (!object->pager_created &&
-                           object->phys_contiguous) {
+                           object->phys_contiguous &&
+                           VME_OFFSET(entry) == 0 &&
+                           (entry->vme_end - entry->vme_start == object->vo_size) &&
+                           VM_MAP_PAGE_ALIGNED(entry->vme_start, (object->vo_size - 1))) {
                                superpage = VM_MEM_SUPERPAGE;
                        } else {
                                superpage = 0;
@@ -4836,11 +5856,11 @@ handle_copy_delay:
                        if (superpage && physpage_p) {
                                /* for vm_map_wire_and_extract() */
                                *physpage_p = (ppnum_t)
-                                       ((((vm_map_offset_t)
-                                          object->vo_shadow_offset)
-                                         + VME_OFFSET(entry)
-                                         + (laddr - entry->vme_start))
-                                        >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+                                   ((((vm_map_offset_t)
+                                   object->vo_shadow_offset)
+                                   + VME_OFFSET(entry)
+                                   + (laddr - entry->vme_start))
+                                   >> PAGE_SHIFT);
                        }
 
                        if (caller_pmap) {
@@ -4848,49 +5868,89 @@ handle_copy_delay:
                                 * Set up a block mapped area
                                 */
                                assert((uint32_t)((ldelta + hdelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT) == ((ldelta + hdelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT));
-                               pmap_map_block(caller_pmap, 
-                                              (addr64_t)(caller_pmap_addr - ldelta), 
-                                              (ppnum_t)((((vm_map_offset_t) (VME_OBJECT(entry)->vo_shadow_offset)) +
-                                                         VME_OFFSET(entry) + (laddr - entry->vme_start) - ldelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT),
-                                              (uint32_t)((ldelta + hdelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT), prot, 
-                                              (VM_WIMG_MASK & (int)object->wimg_bits) | superpage, 0);
-                       } else { 
+                               kr = pmap_map_block(caller_pmap,
+                                   (addr64_t)(caller_pmap_addr - ldelta),
+                                   (ppnum_t)((((vm_map_offset_t) (VME_OBJECT(entry)->vo_shadow_offset)) +
+                                   VME_OFFSET(entry) + (laddr - entry->vme_start) - ldelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT),
+                                   (uint32_t)((ldelta + hdelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT), prot,
+                                   (VM_WIMG_MASK & (int)object->wimg_bits) | superpage, 0);
+
+                               if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+                                       goto cleanup;
+                               }
+                       } else {
                                /*
                                 * Set up a block mapped area
                                 */
                                assert((uint32_t)((ldelta + hdelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT) == ((ldelta + hdelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT));
-                               pmap_map_block(real_map->pmap, 
-                                              (addr64_t)(vaddr - ldelta), 
-                                              (ppnum_t)((((vm_map_offset_t)(VME_OBJECT(entry)->vo_shadow_offset)) +
-                                                         VME_OFFSET(entry) + (laddr - entry->vme_start) - ldelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT),
-                                              (uint32_t)((ldelta + hdelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT), prot, 
-                                              (VM_WIMG_MASK & (int)object->wimg_bits) | superpage, 0);
+                               kr = pmap_map_block(real_map->pmap,
+                                   (addr64_t)(vaddr - ldelta),
+                                   (ppnum_t)((((vm_map_offset_t)(VME_OBJECT(entry)->vo_shadow_offset)) +
+                                   VME_OFFSET(entry) + (laddr - entry->vme_start) - ldelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT),
+                                   (uint32_t)((ldelta + hdelta) >> PAGE_SHIFT), prot,
+                                   (VM_WIMG_MASK & (int)object->wimg_bits) | superpage, 0);
+
+                               if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+                                       goto cleanup;
+                               }
                        }
                }
        }
 
+       /*
+        * Success
+        */
+       kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
+
+       /*
+        * TODO: could most of the done cases just use cleanup?
+        */
+cleanup:
        /*
         * Unlock everything, and return
         */
-       vm_map_verify_done(map, &version);
-       if (real_map != map)
+       vm_map_unlock_read(map);
+       if (real_map != map) {
                vm_map_unlock(real_map);
+       }
 
        if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
+               assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m) == m_object);
+
+               if (!m_object->internal && (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE)) {
+                       vm_object_paging_begin(m_object);
+
+                       assert(written_on_object == VM_OBJECT_NULL);
+                       written_on_object = m_object;
+                       written_on_pager = m_object->pager;
+                       written_on_offset = m_object->paging_offset + m->vmp_offset;
+               }
                PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);
 
-               vm_fault_cleanup(m->object, top_page);
-       } else
-               vm_fault_cleanup(object, top_page);
+               vm_fault_cleanup(m_object, top_page);
+       } else {
+               vm_fault_cleanup(object, top_page);
+       }
 
        vm_object_deallocate(object);
 
-#undef RELEASE_PAGE
+#undef  RELEASE_PAGE
 
-       kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
 done:
        thread_interrupt_level(interruptible_state);
 
+       if (resilient_media_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
+               assert(resilient_media_retry);
+               assert(resilient_media_offset != (vm_object_offset_t)-1);
+               /* release extra reference on failed object */
+//             printf("FBDP %s:%d resilient_media_object %p deallocate\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, resilient_media_object);
+               vm_object_deallocate(resilient_media_object);
+               resilient_media_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+               resilient_media_offset = (vm_object_offset_t)-1;
+               resilient_media_retry = FALSE;
+       }
+       assert(!resilient_media_retry);
+
        /*
         * Only I/O throttle on faults which cause a pagein/swapin.
         */
@@ -4898,30 +5958,48 @@ done:
                throttle_lowpri_io(1);
        } else {
                if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS && type_of_fault != DBG_CACHE_HIT_FAULT && type_of_fault != DBG_GUARD_FAULT) {
-
                        if ((throttle_delay = vm_page_throttled(TRUE))) {
-
                                if (vm_debug_events) {
-                                       if (type_of_fault == DBG_COMPRESSOR_FAULT)
+                                       if (type_of_fault == DBG_COMPRESSOR_FAULT) {
                                                VM_DEBUG_EVENT(vmf_compressordelay, VMF_COMPRESSORDELAY, DBG_FUNC_NONE, throttle_delay, 0, 0, 0);
-                                       else if (type_of_fault == DBG_COW_FAULT)
+                                       } else if (type_of_fault == DBG_COW_FAULT) {
                                                VM_DEBUG_EVENT(vmf_cowdelay, VMF_COWDELAY, DBG_FUNC_NONE, throttle_delay, 0, 0, 0);
-                                       else
+                                       } else {
                                                VM_DEBUG_EVENT(vmf_zfdelay, VMF_ZFDELAY, DBG_FUNC_NONE, throttle_delay, 0, 0, 0);
+                                       }
                                }
                                delay(throttle_delay);
                        }
                }
        }
-       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_TRACE, 
-                             (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_VM, 2)) | DBG_FUNC_END,
-                             ((uint64_t)vaddr >> 32),
-                             vaddr,
-                             kr,
-                             type_of_fault,
-                             0);
 
-       return (kr);
+       if (written_on_object) {
+               vnode_pager_dirtied(written_on_pager, written_on_offset, written_on_offset + PAGE_SIZE_64);
+
+               vm_object_lock(written_on_object);
+               vm_object_paging_end(written_on_object);
+               vm_object_unlock(written_on_object);
+
+               written_on_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
+       }
+
+       if (rtfault) {
+               vm_record_rtfault(cthread, fstart, trace_vaddr, type_of_fault);
+       }
+
+       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_TRACE,
+           (MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_VM, 2)) | DBG_FUNC_END,
+           ((uint64_t)trace_vaddr >> 32),
+           trace_vaddr,
+           kr,
+           vm_fault_type_for_tracing(need_copy_on_read, type_of_fault),
+           0);
+
+       if (fault_page_size < PAGE_SIZE && kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+               DEBUG4K_FAULT("map %p original %p vaddr 0x%llx -> 0x%x\n", map, original_map, (uint64_t)trace_real_vaddr, kr);
+       }
+
+       return kr;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4931,22 +6009,23 @@ done:
  */
 kern_return_t
 vm_fault_wire(
-       vm_map_t        map,
-       vm_map_entry_t  entry,
+       vm_map_t        map,
+       vm_map_entry_t  entry,
        vm_prot_t       prot,
-       pmap_t          pmap,
-       vm_map_offset_t pmap_addr,
-       ppnum_t         *physpage_p)
+       vm_tag_t        wire_tag,
+       pmap_t          pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t pmap_addr,
+       ppnum_t         *physpage_p)
 {
-
-       register vm_map_offset_t        va;
-       register vm_map_offset_t        end_addr = entry->vme_end;
-       register kern_return_t  rc;
+       vm_map_offset_t va;
+       vm_map_offset_t end_addr = entry->vme_end;
+       kern_return_t   rc;
+       vm_map_size_t   effective_page_size;
 
        assert(entry->in_transition);
 
-       if ((VME_OBJECT(entry) != NULL) && 
-           !entry->is_sub_map && 
+       if ((VME_OBJECT(entry) != NULL) &&
+           !entry->is_sub_map &&
            VME_OBJECT(entry)->phys_contiguous) {
                return KERN_SUCCESS;
        }
@@ -4957,37 +6036,40 @@ vm_fault_wire(
         *      page tables and such can be locked down as well.
         */
 
-       pmap_pageable(pmap, pmap_addr, 
-               pmap_addr + (end_addr - entry->vme_start), FALSE);
+       pmap_pageable(pmap, pmap_addr,
+           pmap_addr + (end_addr - entry->vme_start), FALSE);
 
        /*
         *      We simulate a fault to get the page and enter it
         *      in the physical map.
         */
 
-       for (va = entry->vme_start; va < end_addr; va += PAGE_SIZE) {
-               rc = vm_fault_wire_fast(map, va, prot, entry, pmap, 
-                                       pmap_addr + (va - entry->vme_start),
-                                       physpage_p);
+       effective_page_size = MIN(VM_MAP_PAGE_SIZE(map), PAGE_SIZE);
+       for (va = entry->vme_start;
+           va < end_addr;
+           va += effective_page_size) {
+               rc = vm_fault_wire_fast(map, va, prot, wire_tag, entry, pmap,
+                   pmap_addr + (va - entry->vme_start),
+                   physpage_p);
                if (rc != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                       rc = vm_fault_internal(map, va, prot, TRUE, 
-                                              ((pmap == kernel_pmap)
-                                               ? THREAD_UNINT
-                                               : THREAD_ABORTSAFE), 
-                                              pmap,
-                                              (pmap_addr +
-                                               (va - entry->vme_start)),
-                                              physpage_p);
+                       rc = vm_fault_internal(map, va, prot, TRUE, wire_tag,
+                           ((pmap == kernel_pmap)
+                           ? THREAD_UNINT
+                           : THREAD_ABORTSAFE),
+                           pmap,
+                           (pmap_addr +
+                           (va - entry->vme_start)),
+                           physpage_p);
                        DTRACE_VM2(softlock, int, 1, (uint64_t *), NULL);
                }
 
                if (rc != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                       struct vm_map_entry     tmp_entry = *entry;
+                       struct vm_map_entry     tmp_entry = *entry;
 
                        /* unwire wired pages */
                        tmp_entry.vme_end = va;
-                       vm_fault_unwire(map, 
-                               &tmp_entry, FALSE, pmap, pmap_addr);
+                       vm_fault_unwire(map,
+                           &tmp_entry, FALSE, pmap, pmap_addr);
 
                        return rc;
                }
@@ -5002,16 +6084,18 @@ vm_fault_wire(
  */
 void
 vm_fault_unwire(
-       vm_map_t        map,
-       vm_map_entry_t  entry,
-       boolean_t       deallocate,
-       pmap_t          pmap,
-       vm_map_offset_t pmap_addr)
+       vm_map_t        map,
+       vm_map_entry_t  entry,
+       boolean_t       deallocate,
+       pmap_t          pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t pmap_addr)
 {
-       register vm_map_offset_t        va;
-       register vm_map_offset_t        end_addr = entry->vme_end;
-       vm_object_t             object;
-       struct vm_object_fault_info fault_info;
+       vm_map_offset_t va;
+       vm_map_offset_t end_addr = entry->vme_end;
+       vm_object_t             object;
+       struct vm_object_fault_info fault_info = {};
+       unsigned int    unwired_pages;
+       vm_map_size_t   effective_page_size;
 
        object = (entry->is_sub_map) ? VM_OBJECT_NULL : VME_OBJECT(entry);
 
@@ -5021,13 +6105,13 @@ vm_fault_unwire(
         * anything to undo here.
         */
 
-       if (object != VM_OBJECT_NULL && object->phys_contiguous)
+       if (object != VM_OBJECT_NULL && object->phys_contiguous) {
                return;
+       }
 
        fault_info.interruptible = THREAD_UNINT;
        fault_info.behavior = entry->behavior;
        fault_info.user_tag = VME_ALIAS(entry);
-       fault_info.pmap_options = 0;
        if (entry->iokit_acct ||
            (!entry->is_sub_map && !entry->use_pmap)) {
                fault_info.pmap_options |= PMAP_OPTIONS_ALT_ACCT;
@@ -5036,58 +6120,54 @@ vm_fault_unwire(
        fault_info.hi_offset = (entry->vme_end - entry->vme_start) + VME_OFFSET(entry);
        fault_info.no_cache = entry->no_cache;
        fault_info.stealth = TRUE;
-       fault_info.io_sync = FALSE;
-       fault_info.cs_bypass = FALSE;
-       fault_info.mark_zf_absent = FALSE;
-       fault_info.batch_pmap_op = FALSE;
+
+       unwired_pages = 0;
 
        /*
         *      Since the pages are wired down, we must be able to
         *      get their mappings from the physical map system.
         */
 
-       for (va = entry->vme_start; va < end_addr; va += PAGE_SIZE) {
-
+       effective_page_size = MIN(VM_MAP_PAGE_SIZE(map), PAGE_SIZE);
+       for (va = entry->vme_start;
+           va < end_addr;
+           va += effective_page_size) {
                if (object == VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
                        if (pmap) {
-                               pmap_change_wiring(pmap, 
-                                                  pmap_addr + (va - entry->vme_start), FALSE);
+                               pmap_change_wiring(pmap,
+                                   pmap_addr + (va - entry->vme_start), FALSE);
                        }
-                       (void) vm_fault(map, va, VM_PROT_NONE, 
-                                       TRUE, THREAD_UNINT, pmap, pmap_addr);
+                       (void) vm_fault(map, va, VM_PROT_NONE,
+                           TRUE, VM_KERN_MEMORY_NONE, THREAD_UNINT, pmap, pmap_addr);
                } else {
-                       vm_prot_t       prot;
-                       vm_page_t       result_page;
-                       vm_page_t       top_page;
-                       vm_object_t     result_object;
+                       vm_prot_t       prot;
+                       vm_page_t       result_page;
+                       vm_page_t       top_page;
+                       vm_object_t     result_object;
                        vm_fault_return_t result;
 
-                       if (end_addr - va > (vm_size_t) -1) {
-                               /* 32-bit overflow */
-                               fault_info.cluster_size = (vm_size_t) (0 - PAGE_SIZE);
-                       } else {
-                               fault_info.cluster_size = (vm_size_t) (end_addr - va);
-                               assert(fault_info.cluster_size == end_addr - va);
+                       /* cap cluster size at maximum UPL size */
+                       upl_size_t cluster_size;
+                       if (os_sub_overflow(end_addr, va, &cluster_size)) {
+                               cluster_size = 0 - (upl_size_t)PAGE_SIZE;
                        }
+                       fault_info.cluster_size = cluster_size;
 
                        do {
                                prot = VM_PROT_NONE;
 
                                vm_object_lock(object);
                                vm_object_paging_begin(object);
-                               XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-                                       "vm_fault_unwire -> vm_fault_page\n",
-                                       0,0,0,0,0);
                                result_page = VM_PAGE_NULL;
-                               result = vm_fault_page(
+                               result = vm_fault_page(
                                        object,
                                        (VME_OFFSET(entry) +
-                                        (va - entry->vme_start)),
+                                       (va - entry->vme_start)),
                                        VM_PROT_NONE, TRUE,
                                        FALSE, /* page not looked up */
                                        &prot, &result_page, &top_page,
                                        (int *)0,
-                                       NULL, map->no_zero_fill, 
+                                       NULL, map->no_zero_fill,
                                        FALSE, &fault_info);
                        } while (result == VM_FAULT_RETRY);
 
@@ -5097,12 +6177,13 @@ vm_fault_unwire(
                         * move on to the next one in case the remaining pages are mapped from
                         * different objects.  During a forced unmount, the object is terminated
                         * so the alive flag will be false if this happens.  A forced unmount will
-                        * will occur when an external disk is unplugged before the user does an 
+                        * will occur when an external disk is unplugged before the user does an
                         * eject, so we don't want to panic in that situation.
                         */
 
-                       if (result == VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR && !object->alive)
+                       if (result == VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR && !object->alive) {
                                continue;
+                       }
 
                        if (result == VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR &&
                            object == kernel_object) {
@@ -5116,29 +6197,35 @@ vm_fault_unwire(
                                continue;
                        }
 
-                       if (result != VM_FAULT_SUCCESS)
+                       if (result != VM_FAULT_SUCCESS) {
                                panic("vm_fault_unwire: failure");
+                       }
 
-                       result_object = result_page->object;
+                       result_object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(result_page);
 
                        if (deallocate) {
-                               assert(result_page->phys_page !=
-                                      vm_page_fictitious_addr);
-                               pmap_disconnect(result_page->phys_page);
+                               assert(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(result_page) !=
+                                   vm_page_fictitious_addr);
+                               pmap_disconnect(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(result_page));
+                               if (VM_PAGE_WIRED(result_page)) {
+                                       unwired_pages++;
+                               }
                                VM_PAGE_FREE(result_page);
                        } else {
-                               if ((pmap) && (result_page->phys_page != vm_page_guard_addr))
-                                       pmap_change_wiring(pmap, 
+                               if ((pmap) && (VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(result_page) != vm_page_guard_addr)) {
+                                       pmap_change_wiring(pmap,
                                            pmap_addr + (va - entry->vme_start), FALSE);
+                               }
 
 
                                if (VM_PAGE_WIRED(result_page)) {
                                        vm_page_lockspin_queues();
                                        vm_page_unwire(result_page, TRUE);
                                        vm_page_unlock_queues();
+                                       unwired_pages++;
                                }
-                               if(entry->zero_wired_pages) {
-                                       pmap_zero_page(result_page->phys_page);
+                               if (entry->zero_wired_pages) {
+                                       pmap_zero_page(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(result_page));
                                        entry->zero_wired_pages = FALSE;
                                }
 
@@ -5154,9 +6241,23 @@ vm_fault_unwire(
         *      such may be unwired themselves.
         */
 
-       pmap_pageable(pmap, pmap_addr, 
-               pmap_addr + (end_addr - entry->vme_start), TRUE);
+       pmap_pageable(pmap, pmap_addr,
+           pmap_addr + (end_addr - entry->vme_start), TRUE);
 
+       if (kernel_object == object) {
+               /*
+                * Would like to make user_tag in vm_object_fault_info
+                * vm_tag_t (unsigned short) but user_tag derives its value from
+                * VME_ALIAS(entry) at a few places and VME_ALIAS, in turn, casts
+                * to an _unsigned int_ which is used by non-fault_info paths throughout the
+                * code at many places.
+                *
+                * So, for now, an explicit truncation to unsigned short (vm_tag_t).
+                */
+               assertf((fault_info.user_tag & VME_ALIAS_MASK) == fault_info.user_tag,
+                   "VM Tag truncated from 0x%x to 0x%x\n", fault_info.user_tag, (fault_info.user_tag & VME_ALIAS_MASK));
+               vm_tag_update_size((vm_tag_t) fault_info.user_tag, -ptoa_64(unwired_pages));
+       }
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5181,58 +6282,63 @@ vm_fault_unwire(
  */
 static kern_return_t
 vm_fault_wire_fast(
-       __unused vm_map_t       map,
-       vm_map_offset_t va,
-       vm_prot_t       caller_prot,
-       vm_map_entry_t  entry,
-       pmap_t          pmap,
-       vm_map_offset_t pmap_addr,
-       ppnum_t         *physpage_p)
+       __unused vm_map_t       map,
+       vm_map_offset_t va,
+       __unused vm_prot_t       caller_prot,
+       vm_tag_t        wire_tag,
+       vm_map_entry_t  entry,
+       pmap_t          pmap,
+       vm_map_offset_t pmap_addr,
+       ppnum_t         *physpage_p)
 {
-       vm_object_t             object;
-       vm_object_offset_t      offset;
-       register vm_page_t      m;
-       vm_prot_t               prot;
-       thread_t                thread = current_thread();
-       int                     type_of_fault;
-       kern_return_t           kr;
+       vm_object_t             object;
+       vm_object_offset_t      offset;
+       vm_page_t               m;
+       vm_prot_t               prot;
+       thread_t                thread = current_thread();
+       int                     type_of_fault;
+       kern_return_t           kr;
+       vm_map_size_t           fault_page_size;
+       vm_map_offset_t         fault_phys_offset;
+       struct vm_object_fault_info fault_info = {};
 
        VM_STAT_INCR(faults);
 
-       if (thread != THREAD_NULL && thread->task != TASK_NULL)
-         thread->task->faults++;
+       if (thread != THREAD_NULL && thread->task != TASK_NULL) {
+               thread->task->faults++;
+       }
 
 /*
  *     Recovery actions
  */
 
-#undef RELEASE_PAGE
-#define RELEASE_PAGE(m)        {                               \
-       PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);                            \
-       vm_page_lockspin_queues();                      \
-       vm_page_unwire(m, TRUE);                        \
-       vm_page_unlock_queues();                        \
+#undef  RELEASE_PAGE
+#define RELEASE_PAGE(m) {                               \
+       PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(m);                            \
+       vm_page_lockspin_queues();                      \
+       vm_page_unwire(m, TRUE);                        \
+       vm_page_unlock_queues();                        \
 }
 
 
-#undef UNLOCK_THINGS
-#define UNLOCK_THINGS  {                               \
-       vm_object_paging_end(object);                      \
-       vm_object_unlock(object);                          \
+#undef  UNLOCK_THINGS
+#define UNLOCK_THINGS   {                               \
+       vm_object_paging_end(object);                      \
+       vm_object_unlock(object);                          \
 }
 
-#undef UNLOCK_AND_DEALLOCATE
-#define UNLOCK_AND_DEALLOCATE  {                       \
-       UNLOCK_THINGS;                                  \
-       vm_object_deallocate(object);                   \
+#undef  UNLOCK_AND_DEALLOCATE
+#define UNLOCK_AND_DEALLOCATE   {                       \
+       UNLOCK_THINGS;                                  \
+       vm_object_deallocate(object);                   \
 }
 /*
  *     Give up and have caller do things the hard way.
  */
 
-#define GIVE_UP {                                      \
-       UNLOCK_AND_DEALLOCATE;                          \
-       return(KERN_FAILURE);                           \
+#define GIVE_UP {                                       \
+       UNLOCK_AND_DEALLOCATE;                          \
+       return(KERN_FAILURE);                           \
 }
 
 
@@ -5241,7 +6347,7 @@ vm_fault_wire_fast(
         */
        if (entry->is_sub_map) {
                assert(physpage_p == NULL);
-               return(KERN_FAILURE);
+               return KERN_FAILURE;
        }
 
        /*
@@ -5252,7 +6358,7 @@ vm_fault_wire_fast(
        offset = (va - entry->vme_start) + VME_OFFSET(entry);
        prot = entry->protection;
 
-       /*
+       /*
         *      Make a reference to this object to prevent its
         *      disposal while we are messing with it.
         */
@@ -5278,19 +6384,14 @@ vm_fault_wire_fast(
        /*
         *      Look for page in top-level object.  If it's not there or
         *      there's something going on, give up.
-        * ENCRYPTED SWAP: use the slow fault path, since we'll need to
-        * decrypt the page before wiring it down.
         */
-       m = vm_page_lookup(object, offset);
-       if ((m == VM_PAGE_NULL) || (m->busy) || (m->encrypted) ||
-           (m->unusual && ( m->error || m->restart || m->absent))) {
-
+       m = vm_page_lookup(object, vm_object_trunc_page(offset));
+       if ((m == VM_PAGE_NULL) || (m->vmp_busy) ||
+           (m->vmp_unusual && (m->vmp_error || m->vmp_restart || m->vmp_absent))) {
                GIVE_UP;
        }
-       ASSERT_PAGE_DECRYPTED(m);
-
-       if (m->fictitious &&
-           m->phys_page == vm_page_guard_addr) {
+       if (m->vmp_fictitious &&
+           VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m) == vm_page_guard_addr) {
                /*
                 * Guard pages are fictitious pages and are never
                 * entered into a pmap, so let's say it's been wired...
@@ -5301,19 +6402,19 @@ vm_fault_wire_fast(
 
        /*
         *      Wire the page down now.  All bail outs beyond this
-        *      point must unwire the page.  
+        *      point must unwire the page.
         */
 
        vm_page_lockspin_queues();
-       vm_page_wire(m, VM_PROT_MEMORY_TAG(caller_prot), TRUE);
+       vm_page_wire(m, wire_tag, TRUE);
        vm_page_unlock_queues();
 
        /*
         *      Mark page busy for other threads.
         */
-       assert(!m->busy);
-       m->busy = TRUE;
-       assert(!m->absent);
+       assert(!m->vmp_busy);
+       m->vmp_busy = TRUE;
+       assert(!m->vmp_absent);
 
        /*
         *      Give up if the page is being written and there's a copy object
@@ -5323,26 +6424,37 @@ vm_fault_wire_fast(
                GIVE_UP;
        }
 
+       fault_info.user_tag = VME_ALIAS(entry);
+       fault_info.pmap_options = 0;
+       if (entry->iokit_acct ||
+           (!entry->is_sub_map && !entry->use_pmap)) {
+               fault_info.pmap_options |= PMAP_OPTIONS_ALT_ACCT;
+       }
+
+       fault_page_size = MIN(VM_MAP_PAGE_SIZE(map), PAGE_SIZE);
+       fault_phys_offset = offset - vm_object_trunc_page(offset);
+
        /*
         *      Put this page into the physical map.
         */
        type_of_fault = DBG_CACHE_HIT_FAULT;
        kr = vm_fault_enter(m,
-                           pmap,
-                           pmap_addr,
-                           prot,
-                           prot,
-                           TRUE,
-                           FALSE,
-                           FALSE,
-                           FALSE,
-                           VME_ALIAS(entry),
-                           ((entry->iokit_acct ||
-                             (!entry->is_sub_map && !entry->use_pmap))
-                            ? PMAP_OPTIONS_ALT_ACCT
-                            : 0),
-                           NULL,
-                           &type_of_fault);
+           pmap,
+           pmap_addr,
+           fault_page_size,
+           fault_phys_offset,
+           prot,
+           prot,
+           TRUE,                  /* wired */
+           FALSE,                 /* change_wiring */
+           wire_tag,
+           &fault_info,
+           NULL,
+           &type_of_fault);
+       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+               RELEASE_PAGE(m);
+               GIVE_UP;
+       }
 
 done:
        /*
@@ -5352,10 +6464,11 @@ done:
        if (physpage_p) {
                /* for vm_map_wire_and_extract() */
                if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                       *physpage_p = m->phys_page;
+                       assert(object == VM_PAGE_OBJECT(m));
+                       *physpage_p = VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m);
                        if (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
-                               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(m->object);
-                               m->dirty = TRUE;
+                               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
+                               m->vmp_dirty = TRUE;
                        }
                } else {
                        *physpage_p = 0;
@@ -5366,7 +6479,6 @@ done:
        UNLOCK_AND_DEALLOCATE;
 
        return kr;
-
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5377,17 +6489,18 @@ done:
 
 static void
 vm_fault_copy_cleanup(
-       vm_page_t       page,
-       vm_page_t       top_page)
+       vm_page_t       page,
+       vm_page_t       top_page)
 {
-       vm_object_t     object = page->object;
+       vm_object_t     object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(page);
 
        vm_object_lock(object);
        PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(page);
-       if (!page->active && !page->inactive && !page->throttled) {
+       if (!VM_PAGE_PAGEABLE(page)) {
                vm_page_lockspin_queues();
-               if (!page->active && !page->inactive && !page->throttled)
+               if (!VM_PAGE_PAGEABLE(page)) {
                        vm_page_activate(page);
+               }
                vm_page_unlock_queues();
        }
        vm_fault_cleanup(object, top_page);
@@ -5395,17 +6508,17 @@ vm_fault_copy_cleanup(
 
 static void
 vm_fault_copy_dst_cleanup(
-       vm_page_t       page)
+       vm_page_t       page)
 {
-       vm_object_t     object;
+       vm_object_t     object;
 
        if (page != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-               object = page->object;
+               object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(page);
                vm_object_lock(object);
                vm_page_lockspin_queues();
                vm_page_unwire(page, TRUE);
                vm_page_unlock_queues();
-               vm_object_paging_end(object);   
+               vm_object_paging_end(object);
                vm_object_unlock(object);
        }
 }
@@ -5439,72 +6552,59 @@ vm_fault_copy_dst_cleanup(
  */
 kern_return_t
 vm_fault_copy(
-       vm_object_t             src_object,
-       vm_object_offset_t      src_offset,
-       vm_map_size_t           *copy_size,             /* INOUT */
-       vm_object_t             dst_object,
-       vm_object_offset_t      dst_offset,
-       vm_map_t                dst_map,
-       vm_map_version_t         *dst_version,
-       int                     interruptible)
+       vm_object_t             src_object,
+       vm_object_offset_t      src_offset,
+       vm_map_size_t           *copy_size,             /* INOUT */
+       vm_object_t             dst_object,
+       vm_object_offset_t      dst_offset,
+       vm_map_t                dst_map,
+       vm_map_version_t         *dst_version,
+       int                     interruptible)
 {
-       vm_page_t               result_page;
-       
-       vm_page_t               src_page;
-       vm_page_t               src_top_page;
-       vm_prot_t               src_prot;
+       vm_page_t               result_page;
+
+       vm_page_t               src_page;
+       vm_page_t               src_top_page;
+       vm_prot_t               src_prot;
 
-       vm_page_t               dst_page;
-       vm_page_t               dst_top_page;
-       vm_prot_t               dst_prot;
+       vm_page_t               dst_page;
+       vm_page_t               dst_top_page;
+       vm_prot_t               dst_prot;
 
-       vm_map_size_t           amount_left;
-       vm_object_t             old_copy_object;
-       kern_return_t           error = 0;
-       vm_fault_return_t       result;
+       vm_map_size_t           amount_left;
+       vm_object_t             old_copy_object;
+       vm_object_t             result_page_object = NULL;
+       kern_return_t           error = 0;
+       vm_fault_return_t       result;
 
-       vm_map_size_t           part_size;
-       struct vm_object_fault_info fault_info_src;
-       struct vm_object_fault_info fault_info_dst;
+       vm_map_size_t           part_size;
+       struct vm_object_fault_info fault_info_src = {};
+       struct vm_object_fault_info fault_info_dst = {};
 
        /*
         * In order not to confuse the clustered pageins, align
         * the different offsets on a page boundary.
         */
 
-#define        RETURN(x)                                       \
-       MACRO_BEGIN                                     \
-       *copy_size -= amount_left;                      \
-       MACRO_RETURN(x);                                \
+#define RETURN(x)                                       \
+       MACRO_BEGIN                                     \
+       *copy_size -= amount_left;                      \
+       MACRO_RETURN(x);                                \
        MACRO_END
 
        amount_left = *copy_size;
 
        fault_info_src.interruptible = interruptible;
        fault_info_src.behavior = VM_BEHAVIOR_SEQUENTIAL;
-       fault_info_src.user_tag  = 0;
-       fault_info_src.pmap_options = 0;
        fault_info_src.lo_offset = vm_object_trunc_page(src_offset);
        fault_info_src.hi_offset = fault_info_src.lo_offset + amount_left;
-       fault_info_src.no_cache   = FALSE;
        fault_info_src.stealth = TRUE;
-       fault_info_src.io_sync = FALSE;
-       fault_info_src.cs_bypass = FALSE;
-       fault_info_src.mark_zf_absent = FALSE;
-       fault_info_src.batch_pmap_op = FALSE;
 
        fault_info_dst.interruptible = interruptible;
        fault_info_dst.behavior = VM_BEHAVIOR_SEQUENTIAL;
-       fault_info_dst.user_tag  = 0;
-       fault_info_dst.pmap_options = 0;
        fault_info_dst.lo_offset = vm_object_trunc_page(dst_offset);
        fault_info_dst.hi_offset = fault_info_dst.lo_offset + amount_left;
-       fault_info_dst.no_cache   = FALSE;
        fault_info_dst.stealth = TRUE;
-       fault_info_dst.io_sync = FALSE;
-       fault_info_dst.cs_bypass = FALSE;
-       fault_info_dst.mark_zf_absent = FALSE;
-       fault_info_dst.batch_pmap_op = FALSE;
 
        do { /* while (amount_left > 0) */
                /*
@@ -5514,61 +6614,62 @@ vm_fault_copy(
                 * COW semantics if any.
                 */
 
-       RetryDestinationFault: ;
+RetryDestinationFault:;
 
-               dst_prot = VM_PROT_WRITE|VM_PROT_READ;
+               dst_prot = VM_PROT_WRITE | VM_PROT_READ;
 
                vm_object_lock(dst_object);
                vm_object_paging_begin(dst_object);
 
-               if (amount_left > (vm_size_t) -1) {
-                       /* 32-bit overflow */
-                       fault_info_dst.cluster_size = (vm_size_t) (0 - PAGE_SIZE);
-               } else {
-                       fault_info_dst.cluster_size = (vm_size_t) amount_left;
-                       assert(fault_info_dst.cluster_size == amount_left);
+               /* cap cluster size at maximum UPL size */
+               upl_size_t cluster_size;
+               if (os_convert_overflow(amount_left, &cluster_size)) {
+                       cluster_size = 0 - (upl_size_t)PAGE_SIZE;
                }
+               fault_info_dst.cluster_size = cluster_size;
 
-               XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,"vm_fault_copy -> vm_fault_page\n",0,0,0,0,0);
                dst_page = VM_PAGE_NULL;
                result = vm_fault_page(dst_object,
-                                      vm_object_trunc_page(dst_offset),
-                                      VM_PROT_WRITE|VM_PROT_READ,
-                                      FALSE,
-                                      FALSE, /* page not looked up */
-                                      &dst_prot, &dst_page, &dst_top_page,
-                                      (int *)0,
-                                      &error,
-                                      dst_map->no_zero_fill,
-                                      FALSE, &fault_info_dst);
+                   vm_object_trunc_page(dst_offset),
+                   VM_PROT_WRITE | VM_PROT_READ,
+                   FALSE,
+                   FALSE,                    /* page not looked up */
+                   &dst_prot, &dst_page, &dst_top_page,
+                   (int *)0,
+                   &error,
+                   dst_map->no_zero_fill,
+                   FALSE, &fault_info_dst);
                switch (result) {
                case VM_FAULT_SUCCESS:
                        break;
                case VM_FAULT_RETRY:
                        goto RetryDestinationFault;
                case VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE:
-                       if (vm_page_wait(interruptible))
+                       if (vm_page_wait(interruptible)) {
                                goto RetryDestinationFault;
-                       /* fall thru */
+                       }
+                       OS_FALLTHROUGH;
                case VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED:
                        RETURN(MACH_SEND_INTERRUPTED);
                case VM_FAULT_SUCCESS_NO_VM_PAGE:
                        /* success but no VM page: fail the copy */
                        vm_object_paging_end(dst_object);
                        vm_object_unlock(dst_object);
-                       /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+                       OS_FALLTHROUGH;
                case VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR:
-                       if (error)
-                               return (error);
-                       else
-                               return(KERN_MEMORY_ERROR);
+                       if (error) {
+                               return error;
+                       } else {
+                               return KERN_MEMORY_ERROR;
+                       }
                default:
                        panic("vm_fault_copy: unexpected error 0x%x from "
-                             "vm_fault_page()\n", result);
+                           "vm_fault_page()\n", result);
                }
-               assert ((dst_prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) != VM_PROT_NONE);
+               assert((dst_prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) != VM_PROT_NONE);
 
-               old_copy_object = dst_page->object->copy;
+               assert(dst_object == VM_PAGE_OBJECT(dst_page));
+               old_copy_object = dst_object->copy;
 
                /*
                 * There exists the possiblity that the source and
@@ -5577,7 +6678,7 @@ vm_fault_copy(
                 * same, the call to vm_fault_page() for the
                 * destination page will deadlock.  To prevent this we
                 * wire the page so we can drop busy without having
-                * the page daemon steal the page.  We clean up the 
+                * the page daemon steal the page.  We clean up the
                 * top page  but keep the paging reference on the object
                 * holding the dest page so it doesn't go away.
                 */
@@ -5586,7 +6687,7 @@ vm_fault_copy(
                vm_page_wire(dst_page, VM_KERN_MEMORY_OSFMK, TRUE);
                vm_page_unlock_queues();
                PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(dst_page);
-               vm_object_unlock(dst_page->object);
+               vm_object_unlock(dst_object);
 
                if (dst_top_page != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
                        vm_object_lock(dst_object);
@@ -5595,7 +6696,7 @@ vm_fault_copy(
                        vm_object_unlock(dst_object);
                }
 
-       RetrySourceFault: ;
+RetrySourceFault:;
 
                if (src_object == VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
                        /*
@@ -5607,7 +6708,7 @@ vm_fault_copy(
                } else {
                        vm_object_lock(src_object);
                        src_page = vm_page_lookup(src_object,
-                                                 vm_object_trunc_page(src_offset));
+                           vm_object_trunc_page(src_offset));
                        if (src_page == dst_page) {
                                src_prot = dst_prot;
                                result_page = VM_PAGE_NULL;
@@ -5615,24 +6716,19 @@ vm_fault_copy(
                                src_prot = VM_PROT_READ;
                                vm_object_paging_begin(src_object);
 
-                               if (amount_left > (vm_size_t) -1) {
-                                       /* 32-bit overflow */
-                                       fault_info_src.cluster_size = (vm_size_t) (0 - PAGE_SIZE);
-                               } else {
-                                       fault_info_src.cluster_size = (vm_size_t) amount_left;
-                                       assert(fault_info_src.cluster_size == amount_left);
+                               /* cap cluster size at maximum UPL size */
+                               if (os_convert_overflow(amount_left, &cluster_size)) {
+                                       cluster_size = 0 - (upl_size_t)PAGE_SIZE;
                                }
+                               fault_info_src.cluster_size = cluster_size;
 
-                               XPR(XPR_VM_FAULT,
-                                       "vm_fault_copy(2) -> vm_fault_page\n",
-                                       0,0,0,0,0);
                                result_page = VM_PAGE_NULL;
                                result = vm_fault_page(
-                                       src_object, 
+                                       src_object,
                                        vm_object_trunc_page(src_offset),
                                        VM_PROT_READ, FALSE,
                                        FALSE, /* page not looked up */
-                                       &src_prot, 
+                                       &src_prot,
                                        &result_page, &src_top_page,
                                        (int *)0, &error, FALSE,
                                        FALSE, &fault_info_src);
@@ -5643,9 +6739,10 @@ vm_fault_copy(
                                case VM_FAULT_RETRY:
                                        goto RetrySourceFault;
                                case VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE:
-                                       if (vm_page_wait(interruptible))
+                                       if (vm_page_wait(interruptible)) {
                                                goto RetrySourceFault;
-                                       /* fall thru */
+                                       }
+                                       OS_FALLTHROUGH;
                                case VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED:
                                        vm_fault_copy_dst_cleanup(dst_page);
                                        RETURN(MACH_SEND_INTERRUPTED);
@@ -5653,45 +6750,52 @@ vm_fault_copy(
                                        /* success but no VM page: fail */
                                        vm_object_paging_end(src_object);
                                        vm_object_unlock(src_object);
-                                       /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+                                       OS_FALLTHROUGH;
                                case VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR:
                                        vm_fault_copy_dst_cleanup(dst_page);
-                                       if (error)
-                                               return (error);
-                                       else
-                                               return(KERN_MEMORY_ERROR);
+                                       if (error) {
+                                               return error;
+                                       } else {
+                                               return KERN_MEMORY_ERROR;
+                                       }
                                default:
                                        panic("vm_fault_copy(2): unexpected "
-                                             "error 0x%x from "
-                                             "vm_fault_page()\n", result);
+                                           "error 0x%x from "
+                                           "vm_fault_page()\n", result);
                                }
 
-
+                               result_page_object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(result_page);
                                assert((src_top_page == VM_PAGE_NULL) ==
-                                      (result_page->object == src_object));
+                                   (result_page_object == src_object));
                        }
-                       assert ((src_prot & VM_PROT_READ) != VM_PROT_NONE);
-                       vm_object_unlock(result_page->object);
+                       assert((src_prot & VM_PROT_READ) != VM_PROT_NONE);
+                       vm_object_unlock(result_page_object);
                }
 
+               vm_map_lock_read(dst_map);
+
                if (!vm_map_verify(dst_map, dst_version)) {
-                       if (result_page != VM_PAGE_NULL && src_page != dst_page)
+                       vm_map_unlock_read(dst_map);
+                       if (result_page != VM_PAGE_NULL && src_page != dst_page) {
                                vm_fault_copy_cleanup(result_page, src_top_page);
+                       }
                        vm_fault_copy_dst_cleanup(dst_page);
                        break;
                }
+               assert(dst_object == VM_PAGE_OBJECT(dst_page));
 
-               vm_object_lock(dst_page->object);
+               vm_object_lock(dst_object);
 
-               if (dst_page->object->copy != old_copy_object) {
-                       vm_object_unlock(dst_page->object);
-                       vm_map_verify_done(dst_map, dst_version);
-                       if (result_page != VM_PAGE_NULL && src_page != dst_page)
+               if (dst_object->copy != old_copy_object) {
+                       vm_object_unlock(dst_object);
+                       vm_map_unlock_read(dst_map);
+                       if (result_page != VM_PAGE_NULL && src_page != dst_page) {
                                vm_fault_copy_cleanup(result_page, src_top_page);
+                       }
                        vm_fault_copy_dst_cleanup(dst_page);
                        break;
                }
-               vm_object_unlock(dst_page->object);
+               vm_object_unlock(dst_object);
 
                /*
                 *      Copy the page, and note that it is dirty
@@ -5699,11 +6803,10 @@ vm_fault_copy(
                 */
 
                if (!page_aligned(src_offset) ||
-                       !page_aligned(dst_offset) ||
-                       !page_aligned(amount_left)) {
-
-                       vm_object_offset_t      src_po,
-                                               dst_po;
+                   !page_aligned(dst_offset) ||
+                   !page_aligned(amount_left)) {
+                       vm_object_offset_t      src_po,
+                           dst_po;
 
                        src_po = src_offset - vm_object_trunc_page(src_offset);
                        dst_po = dst_offset - vm_object_trunc_page(dst_offset);
@@ -5713,7 +6816,7 @@ vm_fault_copy(
                        } else {
                                part_size = PAGE_SIZE - src_po;
                        }
-                       if (part_size > (amount_left)){
+                       if (part_size > (amount_left)) {
                                part_size = amount_left;
                        }
 
@@ -5721,51 +6824,50 @@ vm_fault_copy(
                                assert((vm_offset_t) dst_po == dst_po);
                                assert((vm_size_t) part_size == part_size);
                                vm_page_part_zero_fill(dst_page,
-                                                      (vm_offset_t) dst_po,
-                                                      (vm_size_t) part_size);
+                                   (vm_offset_t) dst_po,
+                                   (vm_size_t) part_size);
                        } else {
                                assert((vm_offset_t) src_po == src_po);
                                assert((vm_offset_t) dst_po == dst_po);
                                assert((vm_size_t) part_size == part_size);
                                vm_page_part_copy(result_page,
-                                                 (vm_offset_t) src_po,
-                                                 dst_page,
-                                                 (vm_offset_t) dst_po,
-                                                 (vm_size_t)part_size);
-                               if(!dst_page->dirty){
+                                   (vm_offset_t) src_po,
+                                   dst_page,
+                                   (vm_offset_t) dst_po,
+                                   (vm_size_t)part_size);
+                               if (!dst_page->vmp_dirty) {
                                        vm_object_lock(dst_object);
                                        SET_PAGE_DIRTY(dst_page, TRUE);
-                                       vm_object_unlock(dst_page->object);
+                                       vm_object_unlock(dst_object);
                                }
-
                        }
                } else {
                        part_size = PAGE_SIZE;
 
-                       if (result_page == VM_PAGE_NULL)
+                       if (result_page == VM_PAGE_NULL) {
                                vm_page_zero_fill(dst_page);
-                       else{
-                               vm_object_lock(result_page->object);
+                       } else {
+                               vm_object_lock(result_page_object);
                                vm_page_copy(result_page, dst_page);
-                               vm_object_unlock(result_page->object);
+                               vm_object_unlock(result_page_object);
 
-                               if(!dst_page->dirty){
+                               if (!dst_page->vmp_dirty) {
                                        vm_object_lock(dst_object);
                                        SET_PAGE_DIRTY(dst_page, TRUE);
-                                       vm_object_unlock(dst_page->object);
+                                       vm_object_unlock(dst_object);
                                }
                        }
-
                }
 
                /*
                 *      Unlock everything, and return
                 */
 
-               vm_map_verify_done(dst_map, dst_version);
+               vm_map_unlock_read(dst_map);
 
-               if (result_page != VM_PAGE_NULL && src_page != dst_page)
+               if (result_page != VM_PAGE_NULL && src_page != dst_page) {
                        vm_fault_copy_cleanup(result_page, src_top_page);
+               }
                vm_fault_copy_dst_cleanup(dst_page);
 
                amount_left -= part_size;
@@ -5774,12 +6876,12 @@ vm_fault_copy(
        } while (amount_left > 0);
 
        RETURN(KERN_SUCCESS);
-#undef RETURN
+#undef  RETURN
 
-       /*NOTREACHED*/  
+       /*NOTREACHED*/
 }
 
-#if    VM_FAULT_CLASSIFY
+#if     VM_FAULT_CLASSIFY
 /*
  *     Temporary statistics gathering support.
  */
@@ -5787,42 +6889,41 @@ vm_fault_copy(
 /*
  *     Statistics arrays:
  */
-#define VM_FAULT_TYPES_MAX     5
-#define        VM_FAULT_LEVEL_MAX      8
+#define VM_FAULT_TYPES_MAX      5
+#define VM_FAULT_LEVEL_MAX      8
 
-int    vm_fault_stats[VM_FAULT_TYPES_MAX][VM_FAULT_LEVEL_MAX];
+int     vm_fault_stats[VM_FAULT_TYPES_MAX][VM_FAULT_LEVEL_MAX];
 
-#define        VM_FAULT_TYPE_ZERO_FILL 0
-#define        VM_FAULT_TYPE_MAP_IN    1
-#define        VM_FAULT_TYPE_PAGER     2
-#define        VM_FAULT_TYPE_COPY      3
-#define        VM_FAULT_TYPE_OTHER     4
+#define VM_FAULT_TYPE_ZERO_FILL 0
+#define VM_FAULT_TYPE_MAP_IN    1
+#define VM_FAULT_TYPE_PAGER     2
+#define VM_FAULT_TYPE_COPY      3
+#define VM_FAULT_TYPE_OTHER     4
 
 
 void
-vm_fault_classify(vm_object_t          object,
-                 vm_object_offset_t    offset,
-                 vm_prot_t             fault_type)
+vm_fault_classify(vm_object_t           object,
+    vm_object_offset_t    offset,
+    vm_prot_t             fault_type)
 {
-       int             type, level = 0;
-       vm_page_t       m;
+       int             type, level = 0;
+       vm_page_t       m;
 
        while (TRUE) {
                m = vm_page_lookup(object, offset);
-               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {                
-                       if (m->busy || m->error || m->restart || m->absent) {
+               if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
+                       if (m->vmp_busy || m->vmp_error || m->vmp_restart || m->vmp_absent) {
                                type = VM_FAULT_TYPE_OTHER;
                                break;
                        }
                        if (((fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0) ||
                            ((level == 0) && object->copy == VM_OBJECT_NULL)) {
                                type = VM_FAULT_TYPE_MAP_IN;
-                               break;  
+                               break;
                        }
                        type = VM_FAULT_TYPE_COPY;
                        break;
-               }
-               else {
+               } else {
                        if (object->pager_created) {
                                type = VM_FAULT_TYPE_PAGER;
                                break;
@@ -5830,7 +6931,7 @@ vm_fault_classify(vm_object_t             object,
                        if (object->shadow == VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
                                type = VM_FAULT_TYPE_ZERO_FILL;
                                break;
-                       }
+                       }
 
                        offset += object->vo_shadow_offset;
                        object = object->shadow;
@@ -5839,8 +6940,9 @@ vm_fault_classify(vm_object_t             object,
                }
        }
 
-       if (level > VM_FAULT_LEVEL_MAX)
+       if (level > VM_FAULT_LEVEL_MAX) {
                level = VM_FAULT_LEVEL_MAX;
+       }
 
        vm_fault_stats[type][level] += 1;
 
@@ -5862,24 +6964,28 @@ vm_fault_classify_init(void)
 
        return;
 }
-#endif /* VM_FAULT_CLASSIFY */
+#endif  /* VM_FAULT_CLASSIFY */
 
 vm_offset_t
-kdp_lightweight_fault(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t cur_target_addr, uint32_t *fault_results)
+kdp_lightweight_fault(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t cur_target_addr)
 {
-#pragma unused(map, cur_target_addr, fault_results)
-
-       return 0;
-#if 0
-       vm_map_entry_t  entry;
-       vm_object_t     object;
-       vm_offset_t     object_offset;
-       vm_page_t       m;
-       int             compressor_external_state, compressed_count_delta;
-       int             compressor_flags = (C_DONT_BLOCK | C_KEEP | C_KDP);
-       int             my_fault_type = VM_PROT_READ;
-       kern_return_t   kr;
-
+       vm_map_entry_t  entry;
+       vm_object_t     object;
+       vm_offset_t     object_offset;
+       vm_page_t       m;
+       int             compressor_external_state, compressed_count_delta;
+       int             compressor_flags = (C_DONT_BLOCK | C_KEEP | C_KDP);
+       int             my_fault_type = VM_PROT_READ;
+       kern_return_t   kr;
+       int effective_page_mask, effective_page_size;
+
+       if (VM_MAP_PAGE_SHIFT(map) < PAGE_SHIFT) {
+               effective_page_mask = VM_MAP_PAGE_MASK(map);
+               effective_page_size = VM_MAP_PAGE_SIZE(map);
+       } else {
+               effective_page_mask = PAGE_MASK;
+               effective_page_size = PAGE_SIZE;
+       }
 
        if (not_in_kdp) {
                panic("kdp_lightweight_fault called from outside of debugger context");
@@ -5887,8 +6993,8 @@ kdp_lightweight_fault(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t cur_target_addr, uint32_t *fault
 
        assert(map != VM_MAP_NULL);
 
-       assert((cur_target_addr & PAGE_MASK) == 0);
-       if ((cur_target_addr & PAGE_MASK) != 0) {
+       assert((cur_target_addr & effective_page_mask) == 0);
+       if ((cur_target_addr & effective_page_mask) != 0) {
                return 0;
        }
 
@@ -5917,65 +7023,49 @@ kdp_lightweight_fault(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t cur_target_addr, uint32_t *fault
                }
 
                if (object->pager_created && (object->paging_in_progress ||
-                       object->activity_in_progress)) {
+                   object->activity_in_progress)) {
                        return 0;
                }
 
-               m = kdp_vm_page_lookup(object, object_offset);
+               m = kdp_vm_page_lookup(object, vm_object_trunc_page(object_offset));
 
                if (m != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
-
                        if ((object->wimg_bits & VM_WIMG_MASK) != VM_WIMG_DEFAULT) {
                                return 0;
                        }
 
-                       if (m->laundry || m->busy || m->pageout || m->absent || m->error || m->cleaning ||
-                               m->overwriting || m->restart || m->unusual) {
-                               return 0;
-                       }
-
-                       assert(!m->private);
-                       if (m->private) {
-                               return 0;
-                       }
-
-                       assert(!m->fictitious);
-                       if (m->fictitious) {
+                       if (m->vmp_laundry || m->vmp_busy || m->vmp_free_when_done || m->vmp_absent || m->vmp_error || m->vmp_cleaning ||
+                           m->vmp_overwriting || m->vmp_restart || m->vmp_unusual) {
                                return 0;
                        }
 
-                       assert(!m->encrypted);
-                       if (m->encrypted) {
+                       assert(!m->vmp_private);
+                       if (m->vmp_private) {
                                return 0;
                        }
 
-                       assert(!m->encrypted_cleaning);
-                       if (m->encrypted_cleaning) {
+                       assert(!m->vmp_fictitious);
+                       if (m->vmp_fictitious) {
                                return 0;
                        }
 
-                       assert(!m->compressor);
-                       if (m->compressor) {
+                       assert(m->vmp_q_state != VM_PAGE_USED_BY_COMPRESSOR);
+                       if (m->vmp_q_state == VM_PAGE_USED_BY_COMPRESSOR) {
                                return 0;
                        }
 
-                       if (fault_results) {
-                               *fault_results |= kThreadFaultedBT;
-                       }
-                       return ptoa(m->phys_page);
+                       return ptoa(VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(m));
                }
 
                compressor_external_state = VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_UNKNOWN;
 
                if (object->pager_created && MUST_ASK_PAGER(object, object_offset, compressor_external_state)) {
                        if (compressor_external_state == VM_EXTERNAL_STATE_EXISTS) {
-                               kr = vm_compressor_pager_get(object->pager, (object_offset + object->paging_offset),
-                                                               kdp_compressor_decompressed_page_ppnum, &my_fault_type,
-                                                               compressor_flags, &compressed_count_delta);
+                               kr = vm_compressor_pager_get(object->pager,
+                                   vm_object_trunc_page(object_offset + object->paging_offset),
+                                   kdp_compressor_decompressed_page_ppnum, &my_fault_type,
+                                   compressor_flags, &compressed_count_delta);
                                if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS) {
-                                       if (fault_results) {
-                                               *fault_results |= kThreadDecompressedBT;
-                                       }
                                        return kdp_compressor_decompressed_page_paddr;
                                } else {
                                        return 0;
@@ -5990,33 +7080,31 @@ kdp_lightweight_fault(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t cur_target_addr, uint32_t *fault
                object_offset += object->vo_shadow_offset;
                object = object->shadow;
        }
-#endif /* 0 */
 }
 
-
-#define CODE_SIGNING_CHUNK_SIZE 4096
-void
-vm_page_validate_cs_mapped(
-       vm_page_t       page,
-       const void      *kaddr)
+/*
+ * vm_page_validate_cs_fast():
+ * Performs a few quick checks to determine if the page's code signature
+ * really needs to be fully validated.  It could:
+ *     1. have been modified (i.e. automatically tainted),
+ *     2. have already been validated,
+ *     3. have already been found to be tainted,
+ *     4. no longer have a backing store.
+ * Returns FALSE if the page needs to be fully validated.
+ */
+static boolean_t
+vm_page_validate_cs_fast(
+       vm_page_t       page,
+       vm_map_size_t   fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset)
 {
-       vm_object_t             object;
-       vm_object_offset_t      offset, offset_in_page;
-       kern_return_t           kr;
-       memory_object_t         pager;
-       void                    *blobs;
-       boolean_t               validated;
-       unsigned                tainted;
-       int                     num_chunks, num_chunks_validated;
-
-       assert(page->busy);
-       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(page->object);
-
-       if (!cs_validation) {
-               return;
-       }
+       vm_object_t     object;
+
+       object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(page);
+       vm_object_lock_assert_held(object);
 
-       if (page->wpmapped && !page->cs_tainted) {
+       if (page->vmp_wpmapped &&
+           !VMP_CS_TAINTED(page, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset)) {
                /*
                 * This page was mapped for "write" access sometime in the
                 * past and could still be modifiable in the future.
@@ -6024,149 +7112,155 @@ vm_page_validate_cs_mapped(
                 * [ If the page was already found to be "tainted", no
                 * need to re-validate. ]
                 */
-               page->cs_validated = TRUE;
-               page->cs_tainted = TRUE;
+               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
+               VMP_CS_SET_VALIDATED(page, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset, TRUE);
+               VMP_CS_SET_TAINTED(page, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset, TRUE);
                if (cs_debug) {
-                       printf("CODESIGNING: vm_page_validate_cs: "
-                              "page %p obj %p off 0x%llx "
-                              "was modified\n",
-                              page, page->object, page->offset);
+                       printf("CODESIGNING: %s: "
+                           "page %p obj %p off 0x%llx "
+                           "was modified\n",
+                           __FUNCTION__,
+                           page, object, page->vmp_offset);
                }
                vm_cs_validated_dirtied++;
        }
 
-       if (page->cs_validated || page->cs_tainted) {
-               return;
+       if (VMP_CS_VALIDATED(page, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset) ||
+           VMP_CS_TAINTED(page, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset)) {
+               return TRUE;
        }
+       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
 
-       vm_cs_validates++;
+#if CHECK_CS_VALIDATION_BITMAP
+       kern_return_t kr;
 
-       object = page->object;
-       assert(object->code_signed);
-       offset = page->offset;
+       kr = vnode_pager_cs_check_validation_bitmap(
+               object->pager,
+               page->vmp_offset + object->paging_offset,
+               CS_BITMAP_CHECK);
+       if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS) {
+               page->vmp_cs_validated = VMP_CS_ALL_TRUE;
+               page->vmp_cs_tainted = VMP_CS_ALL_FALSE;
+               vm_cs_bitmap_validated++;
+               return TRUE;
+       }
+#endif /* CHECK_CS_VALIDATION_BITMAP */
 
        if (!object->alive || object->terminating || object->pager == NULL) {
                /*
                 * The object is terminating and we don't have its pager
                 * so we can't validate the data...
                 */
-               return;
+               return TRUE;
        }
+
+       /* we need to really validate this page */
+       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
+       return FALSE;
+}
+
+void
+vm_page_validate_cs_mapped_slow(
+       vm_page_t       page,
+       const void      *kaddr)
+{
+       vm_object_t             object;
+       memory_object_offset_t  mo_offset;
+       memory_object_t         pager;
+       struct vnode            *vnode;
+       int                     validated, tainted, nx;
+
+       assert(page->vmp_busy);
+       object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(page);
+       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
+
+       vm_cs_validates++;
+
        /*
         * Since we get here to validate a page that was brought in by
         * the pager, we know that this pager is all setup and ready
         * by now.
         */
+       assert(object->code_signed);
        assert(!object->internal);
        assert(object->pager != NULL);
        assert(object->pager_ready);
 
        pager = object->pager;
        assert(object->paging_in_progress);
-       kr = vnode_pager_get_object_cs_blobs(pager, &blobs);
-       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-               blobs = NULL;
-       }
+       vnode = vnode_pager_lookup_vnode(pager);
+       mo_offset = page->vmp_offset + object->paging_offset;
 
        /* verify the SHA1 hash for this page */
-       num_chunks_validated = 0;
-       for (offset_in_page = 0, num_chunks = 0;
-            offset_in_page < PAGE_SIZE_64;
-            offset_in_page += CODE_SIGNING_CHUNK_SIZE, num_chunks++) {
-               tainted = 0;
-               validated = cs_validate_page(blobs,
-                                            pager,
-                                            (object->paging_offset +
-                                             offset +
-                                             offset_in_page),
-                                            (const void *)((const char *)kaddr
-                                                           + offset_in_page),
-                                            &tainted);
-               if (validated) {
-                       num_chunks_validated++;
-               }
-               if (tainted & CS_VALIDATE_TAINTED) {
-                       page->cs_tainted = TRUE;
-               } 
-               if (tainted & CS_VALIDATE_NX) {
-                       page->cs_nx = TRUE;
-               }
-       }
-       /* page is validated only if all its chunks are */
-       if (num_chunks_validated == num_chunks) {
-               page->cs_validated = TRUE;
+       validated = 0;
+       tainted = 0;
+       nx = 0;
+       cs_validate_page(vnode,
+           pager,
+           mo_offset,
+           (const void *)((const char *)kaddr),
+           &validated,
+           &tainted,
+           &nx);
+
+       page->vmp_cs_validated |= validated;
+       page->vmp_cs_tainted |= tainted;
+       page->vmp_cs_nx |= nx;
+
+#if CHECK_CS_VALIDATION_BITMAP
+       if (page->vmp_cs_validated == VMP_CS_ALL_TRUE &&
+           page->vmp_cs_tainted == VMP_CS_ALL_FALSE) {
+               vnode_pager_cs_check_validation_bitmap(object->pager,
+                   mo_offset,
+                   CS_BITMAP_SET);
        }
+#endif /* CHECK_CS_VALIDATION_BITMAP */
 }
 
 void
-vm_page_validate_cs(
-       vm_page_t       page)
+vm_page_validate_cs_mapped(
+       vm_page_t       page,
+       vm_map_size_t   fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset,
+       const void      *kaddr)
 {
-       vm_object_t             object;
-       vm_object_offset_t      offset;
-       vm_map_offset_t         koffset;
-       vm_map_size_t           ksize;
-       vm_offset_t             kaddr;
-       kern_return_t           kr;
-       boolean_t               busy_page;
-       boolean_t               need_unmap;
-
-       vm_object_lock_assert_held(page->object);
-
-       if (!cs_validation) {
-               return;
-       }
-
-       if (page->wpmapped && !page->cs_tainted) {
-               vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(page->object);
-
-               /*
-                * This page was mapped for "write" access sometime in the
-                * past and could still be modifiable in the future.
-                * Consider it tainted.
-                * [ If the page was already found to be "tainted", no
-                * need to re-validate. ]
-                */
-               page->cs_validated = TRUE;
-               page->cs_tainted = TRUE;
-               if (cs_debug) {
-                       printf("CODESIGNING: vm_page_validate_cs: "
-                              "page %p obj %p off 0x%llx "
-                              "was modified\n",
-                              page, page->object, page->offset);
-               }
-               vm_cs_validated_dirtied++;
-       }
-
-       if (page->cs_validated || page->cs_tainted) {
-               return;
-       }
-
-       if (page->slid) {
-               panic("vm_page_validate_cs(%p): page is slid\n", page);
+       if (!vm_page_validate_cs_fast(page, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset)) {
+               vm_page_validate_cs_mapped_slow(page, kaddr);
        }
-       assert(!page->slid);
+}
 
-#if CHECK_CS_VALIDATION_BITMAP 
-       if ( vnode_pager_cs_check_validation_bitmap( page->object->pager, trunc_page(page->offset + page->object->paging_offset), CS_BITMAP_CHECK ) == KERN_SUCCESS) {
-               page->cs_validated = TRUE;
-               page->cs_tainted = FALSE;
-               vm_cs_bitmap_validated++;
+void
+vm_page_validate_cs(
+       vm_page_t       page,
+       vm_map_size_t   fault_page_size,
+       vm_map_offset_t fault_phys_offset)
+{
+       vm_object_t             object;
+       vm_object_offset_t      offset;
+       vm_map_offset_t         koffset;
+       vm_map_size_t           ksize;
+       vm_offset_t             kaddr;
+       kern_return_t           kr;
+       boolean_t               busy_page;
+       boolean_t               need_unmap;
+
+       object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(page);
+       vm_object_lock_assert_held(object);
+
+       if (vm_page_validate_cs_fast(page, fault_page_size, fault_phys_offset)) {
                return;
        }
-#endif
-       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(page->object);
+       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
 
-       object = page->object;
        assert(object->code_signed);
-       offset = page->offset;
+       offset = page->vmp_offset;
 
-       busy_page = page->busy;
+       busy_page = page->vmp_busy;
        if (!busy_page) {
                /* keep page busy while we map (and unlock) the VM object */
-               page->busy = TRUE;
+               page->vmp_busy = TRUE;
        }
-       
+
        /*
         * Take a paging reference on the VM object
         * to protect it from collapse or bypass,
@@ -6179,28 +7273,23 @@ vm_page_validate_cs(
        koffset = 0;
        need_unmap = FALSE;
        kr = vm_paging_map_object(page,
-                                 object,
-                                 offset,
-                                 VM_PROT_READ,
-                                 FALSE, /* can't unlock object ! */
-                                 &ksize,
-                                 &koffset,
-                                 &need_unmap);
+           object,
+           offset,
+           VM_PROT_READ,
+           FALSE,                       /* can't unlock object ! */
+           &ksize,
+           &koffset,
+           &need_unmap);
        if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-               panic("vm_page_validate_cs: could not map page: 0x%x\n", kr);
+               panic("%s: could not map page: 0x%x\n", __FUNCTION__, kr);
        }
        kaddr = CAST_DOWN(vm_offset_t, koffset);
 
        /* validate the mapped page */
-       vm_page_validate_cs_mapped(page, (const void *) kaddr);
+       vm_page_validate_cs_mapped_slow(page, (const void *) kaddr);
 
-#if CHECK_CS_VALIDATION_BITMAP 
-       if ( page->cs_validated == TRUE && page->cs_tainted == FALSE ) {
-               vnode_pager_cs_check_validation_bitmap( object->pager, trunc_page( offset + object->paging_offset), CS_BITMAP_SET );
-       }
-#endif
-       assert(page->busy);
-       assert(object == page->object);
+       assert(page->vmp_busy);
+       assert(object == VM_PAGE_OBJECT(page));
        vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
 
        if (!busy_page) {
@@ -6218,33 +7307,29 @@ vm_page_validate_cs(
 
 void
 vm_page_validate_cs_mapped_chunk(
-       vm_page_t       page,
-       const void      *kaddr,
-       vm_offset_t     chunk_offset,
-       boolean_t       *validated_p,
-       unsigned        *tainted_p)
+       vm_page_t       page,
+       const void      *kaddr,
+       vm_offset_t     chunk_offset,
+       vm_size_t       chunk_size,
+       boolean_t       *validated_p,
+       unsigned        *tainted_p)
 {
-       vm_object_t             object;
-       vm_object_offset_t      offset, offset_in_page;
-       kern_return_t           kr;
-       memory_object_t         pager;
-       void                    *blobs;
-       boolean_t               validated;
-       unsigned                tainted;
+       vm_object_t             object;
+       vm_object_offset_t      offset, offset_in_page;
+       memory_object_t         pager;
+       struct vnode            *vnode;
+       boolean_t               validated;
+       unsigned                tainted;
 
        *validated_p = FALSE;
        *tainted_p = 0;
 
-       assert(page->busy);
-       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(page->object);
-
-       if (!cs_validation) {
-               return;
-       }
+       assert(page->vmp_busy);
+       object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(page);
+       vm_object_lock_assert_exclusive(object);
 
-       object = page->object;
        assert(object->code_signed);
-       offset = page->offset;
+       offset = page->vmp_offset;
 
        if (!object->alive || object->terminating || object->pager == NULL) {
                /*
@@ -6264,25 +7349,22 @@ vm_page_validate_cs_mapped_chunk(
 
        pager = object->pager;
        assert(object->paging_in_progress);
-       kr = vnode_pager_get_object_cs_blobs(pager, &blobs);
-       if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
-               blobs = NULL;
-       }
+       vnode = vnode_pager_lookup_vnode(pager);
 
        /* verify the signature for this chunk */
        offset_in_page = chunk_offset;
        assert(offset_in_page < PAGE_SIZE);
-       assert((offset_in_page & (CODE_SIGNING_CHUNK_SIZE-1)) == 0);
 
        tainted = 0;
-       validated = cs_validate_page(blobs,
-                                    pager,
-                                    (object->paging_offset +
-                                     offset +
-                                     offset_in_page),
-                                    (const void *)((const char *)kaddr
-                                                   + offset_in_page),
-                                    &tainted);
+       validated = cs_validate_range(vnode,
+           pager,
+           (object->paging_offset +
+           offset +
+           offset_in_page),
+           (const void *)((const char *)kaddr
+           + offset_in_page),
+           chunk_size,
+           &tainted);
        if (validated) {
                *validated_p = TRUE;
        }
@@ -6290,3 +7372,108 @@ vm_page_validate_cs_mapped_chunk(
                *tainted_p = tainted;
        }
 }
+
+static void
+vm_rtfrecord_lock(void)
+{
+       lck_spin_lock(&vm_rtfr_slock);
+}
+
+static void
+vm_rtfrecord_unlock(void)
+{
+       lck_spin_unlock(&vm_rtfr_slock);
+}
+
+unsigned int
+vmrtfaultinfo_bufsz(void)
+{
+       return vmrtf_num_records * sizeof(vm_rtfault_record_t);
+}
+
+#include <kern/backtrace.h>
+
+__attribute__((noinline))
+static void
+vm_record_rtfault(thread_t cthread, uint64_t fstart, vm_map_offset_t fault_vaddr, int type_of_fault)
+{
+       uint64_t fend = mach_continuous_time();
+
+       uint64_t cfpc = 0;
+       uint64_t ctid = cthread->thread_id;
+       uint64_t cupid = get_current_unique_pid();
+
+       uintptr_t bpc = 0;
+       int btr = 0;
+       bool u64 = false;
+
+       /* Capture a single-frame backtrace; this extracts just the program
+        * counter at the point of the fault into "bpc", and should perform no
+        * further user stack traversals, thus avoiding copyin()s and further
+        * faults.
+        */
+       unsigned int bfrs = backtrace_thread_user(cthread, &bpc, 1U, &btr, &u64, NULL, false);
+
+       if ((btr == 0) && (bfrs > 0)) {
+               cfpc = bpc;
+       }
+
+       assert((fstart != 0) && fend >= fstart);
+       vm_rtfrecord_lock();
+       assert(vmrtfrs.vmrtfr_curi <= vmrtfrs.vmrtfr_maxi);
+
+       vmrtfrs.vmrtf_total++;
+       vm_rtfault_record_t *cvmr = &vmrtfrs.vm_rtf_records[vmrtfrs.vmrtfr_curi++];
+
+       cvmr->rtfabstime = fstart;
+       cvmr->rtfduration = fend - fstart;
+       cvmr->rtfaddr = fault_vaddr;
+       cvmr->rtfpc = cfpc;
+       cvmr->rtftype = type_of_fault;
+       cvmr->rtfupid = cupid;
+       cvmr->rtftid = ctid;
+
+       if (vmrtfrs.vmrtfr_curi > vmrtfrs.vmrtfr_maxi) {
+               vmrtfrs.vmrtfr_curi = 0;
+       }
+
+       vm_rtfrecord_unlock();
+}
+
+int
+vmrtf_extract(uint64_t cupid, __unused boolean_t isroot, unsigned long vrecordsz, void *vrecords, unsigned long *vmrtfrv)
+{
+       vm_rtfault_record_t *cvmrd = vrecords;
+       size_t residue = vrecordsz;
+       size_t numextracted = 0;
+       boolean_t early_exit = FALSE;
+
+       vm_rtfrecord_lock();
+
+       for (int vmfi = 0; vmfi <= vmrtfrs.vmrtfr_maxi; vmfi++) {
+               if (residue < sizeof(vm_rtfault_record_t)) {
+                       early_exit = TRUE;
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               if (vmrtfrs.vm_rtf_records[vmfi].rtfupid != cupid) {
+#if     DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
+                       if (isroot == FALSE) {
+                               continue;
+                       }
+#else
+                       continue;
+#endif /* DEVDEBUG */
+               }
+
+               *cvmrd = vmrtfrs.vm_rtf_records[vmfi];
+               cvmrd++;
+               residue -= sizeof(vm_rtfault_record_t);
+               numextracted++;
+       }
+
+       vm_rtfrecord_unlock();
+
+       *vmrtfrv = numextracted;
+       return early_exit;
+}