]> git.saurik.com Git - apple/xnu.git/blobdiff - bsd/kern/kern_exec.c
xnu-2782.1.97.tar.gz
[apple/xnu.git] / bsd / kern / kern_exec.c
index dde1b3c40f124e912847571272c89a3079c436ad..3d2710538031d4d0903c33131eb019954f62193e 100644 (file)
@@ -33,8 +33,6 @@
  * the terms and conditions for use and redistribution.
  */
  
-#include <cputypes.h>
-
 /*-
  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1991, 1993
  *     The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 #include <sys/ubc_internal.h>          /* ubc_map() */
 #include <sys/spawn.h>
 #include <sys/spawn_internal.h>
+#include <sys/process_policy.h>
 #include <sys/codesign.h>
 #include <crypto/sha1.h>
 
+#include <libkern/libkern.h>
+
 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
 
 #include <ipc/ipc_types.h>
 #include <kern/affinity.h>
 #include <kern/assert.h>
 #include <kern/task.h>
+#include <kern/coalition.h>
 
 #if CONFIG_MACF
 #include <security/mac.h>
 #include <vm/vm_protos.h>
 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
 #include <vm/vm_fault.h>
+#include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
 
 #include <kdp/kdp_dyld.h>
 
 #if CONFIG_DTRACE
 /* Do not include dtrace.h, it redefines kmem_[alloc/free] */
 extern void (*dtrace_fasttrap_exec_ptr)(proc_t);
+extern void (*dtrace_proc_waitfor_exec_ptr)(proc_t);
 extern void (*dtrace_helpers_cleanup)(proc_t);
 extern void dtrace_lazy_dofs_destroy(proc_t);
 
+/*
+ * Since dtrace_proc_waitfor_exec_ptr can be added/removed in dtrace_subr.c,
+ * we will store its value before actually calling it.
+ */
+static void (*dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook)(proc_t) = NULL;
+
 #include <sys/dtrace_ptss.h>
 #endif
 
 /* support for child creation in exec after vfork */
-thread_t fork_create_child(task_t parent_task, proc_t child_proc, int inherit_memory, int is64bit);
+thread_t fork_create_child(task_t parent_task, coalition_t parent_coalition, proc_t child_proc, int inherit_memory, int is64bit);
 void vfork_exit(proc_t p, int rv);
 int setsigvec(proc_t, thread_t, int, struct __kern_sigaction *, boolean_t in_sigstart);
 extern void proc_apply_task_networkbg_internal(proc_t, thread_t);
-int task_set_cpuusage(task_t task, uint64_t percentage, uint64_t interval, uint64_t deadline, int scope);
 
 /*
  * Mach things for which prototypes are unavailable from Mach headers
@@ -182,8 +191,13 @@ kern_return_t ipc_object_copyin(
        ipc_object_t            *objectp);
 void ipc_port_release_send(ipc_port_t);
 
+#if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
+void task_importance_update_owner_info(task_t);
+#endif
+
 extern struct savearea *get_user_regs(thread_t);
 
+__attribute__((noinline)) int __EXEC_WAITING_ON_TASKGATED_CODE_SIGNATURE_UPCALL__(mach_port_t task_access_port, int32_t new_pid);
 
 #include <kern/thread.h>
 #include <kern/task.h>
@@ -212,7 +226,7 @@ extern struct savearea *get_user_regs(thread_t);
 #define IS_EOL(ch) ((ch == '#') || (ch == '\n'))
 
 extern vm_map_t bsd_pageable_map;
-extern struct fileops vnops;
+extern const struct fileops vnops;
 
 #define        ROUND_PTR(type, addr)   \
        (type *)( ( (uintptr_t)(addr) + 16 - 1) \
@@ -235,26 +249,9 @@ static int copyoutptr(user_addr_t ua, user_addr_t ptr, int ptr_size);
 static void exec_resettextvp(proc_t, struct image_params *);
 static int check_for_signature(proc_t, struct image_params *);
 static void exec_prefault_data(proc_t, struct image_params *, load_result_t *);
-
-#if !CONFIG_EMBEDDED
-
-/* Identify process during exec and opt into legacy behaviors */
-
-struct legacy_behavior {
-    uuid_t    process_uuid;
-    uint32_t  legacy_mask;
-};
-
-static const struct legacy_behavior legacy_behaviors[] =
-{
-       {{ 0xF8, 0x7C, 0xC3, 0x67, 0xFB, 0x68, 0x37, 0x93, 0xBC, 0x34, 0xB2, 0xB6, 0x05, 0x2B, 0xCD, 0xE2 }, PROC_LEGACY_BEHAVIOR_IOTHROTTLE },
-       {{ 0x0B, 0x4E, 0xDF, 0xD8, 0x76, 0xD1, 0x3D, 0x4D, 0x9D, 0xD7, 0x37, 0x43, 0x1C, 0xA8, 0xFB, 0x26 }, PROC_LEGACY_BEHAVIOR_IOTHROTTLE },
-};
-#endif /* !CONFIG_EMBEDDED */
-
-/* We don't want this one exported */
-__private_extern__
-int  open1(vfs_context_t, struct nameidata *, int, struct vnode_attr *, int32_t *);
+static errno_t exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags, boolean_t * portwatch_present, ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports);
+static errno_t exec_handle_spawnattr_policy(proc_t p, int psa_apptype, uint64_t psa_qos_clamp,
+                             ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports, int portwatch_count);
 
 /*
  * exec_add_user_string
@@ -539,7 +536,6 @@ exec_shell_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
                        return(error);
 
                fp->f_fglob->fg_flag = FREAD;
-               fp->f_fglob->fg_type = DTYPE_VNODE;
                fp->f_fglob->fg_ops = &vnops;
                fp->f_fglob->fg_data = (caddr_t)imgp->ip_vp;
                
@@ -601,6 +597,44 @@ exec_fat_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
                goto bad;
        }
 
+#if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
+       if (cpu_type() == CPU_TYPE_ARM64) {
+               uint32_t fat_nfat_arch = OSSwapBigToHostInt32(fat_header->nfat_arch);
+               struct fat_arch *archs;
+               int vfexec = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_VFORK_EXEC);
+               int spawn = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_SPAWN);
+
+               archs = (struct fat_arch *)(imgp->ip_vdata + sizeof(struct fat_header));
+
+               /* ip_vdata always has PAGE_SIZE of data */
+               if (PAGE_SIZE >= (sizeof(struct fat_header) + (fat_nfat_arch + 1) * sizeof(struct fat_arch))) {
+                       if (fat_nfat_arch > 0
+                               && OSSwapBigToHostInt32(archs[fat_nfat_arch].cputype) == CPU_TYPE_ARM64) {
+
+                               /* rdar://problem/15001727 */
+                               printf("Attempt to execute malformed binary %s\n", imgp->ip_strings);
+
+                               proc_lock(p);
+                               p->p_csflags |= CS_KILLED;
+                               proc_unlock(p);
+
+                               /*
+                                * We can't stop the system call, so make sure the child never executes
+                                * For vfork exec, the current implementation has not set up the thread in the
+                                * child process, so we cannot signal it. Return an error code in that case.
+                                */
+                               if (!vfexec && !spawn) {
+                                       psignal(p, SIGKILL);
+                                       error = 0;
+                               } else {
+                                       error = EBADEXEC;
+                               }
+                               goto bad;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+
        /* If posix_spawn binprefs exist, respect those prefs. */
        psa = (struct _posix_spawnattr *) imgp->ip_px_sa;
        if (psa != NULL && psa->psa_binprefs[0] != 0) {
@@ -709,7 +743,6 @@ exec_mach_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
        struct mach_header *mach_header = (struct mach_header *)imgp->ip_vdata;
        proc_t                  p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
        int                     error = 0;
-       int                     vfexec = 0;
        task_t                  task;
        task_t                  new_task = NULL; /* protected by vfexec */
        thread_t                thread;
@@ -719,8 +752,8 @@ exec_mach_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
        load_return_t           lret;
        load_result_t           load_result;
        struct _posix_spawnattr *psa = NULL;
-       int spawn = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_SPAWN);
-       int apptype = 0;
+       int                     spawn = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_SPAWN);
+       int                     vfexec = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_VFORK_EXEC);
 
        /*
         * make sure it's a Mach-O 1.0 or Mach-O 2.0 binary; the difference
@@ -756,15 +789,6 @@ exec_mach_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
        thread = current_thread();
        uthread = get_bsdthread_info(thread);
 
-       /*
-        * Save off the vfexec state up front; we have to do this, because
-        * we need to know if we were in this state initially subsequent to
-        * creating the backing task, thread, and uthread for the child
-        * process (from the vfs_context_t from in img_parms).
-        */
-       if (uthread->uu_flag & UT_VFORK)
-               vfexec = 1;      /* Mark in exec */
-
        if ((mach_header->cputype & CPU_ARCH_ABI64) == CPU_ARCH_ABI64)
                imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_IS_64BIT;
 
@@ -794,8 +818,7 @@ exec_mach_imgact(struct image_params *imgp)
                goto bad;
        }
 grade:
-       if (!grade_binary(imgp->ip_origcputype & ~CPU_SUBTYPE_LIB64, 
-                               imgp->ip_origcpusubtype & ~CPU_SUBTYPE_MASK)) {
+       if (!grade_binary(imgp->ip_origcputype, imgp->ip_origcpusubtype & ~CPU_SUBTYPE_MASK)) {
                error = EBADARCH;
                goto bad;
        }
@@ -823,7 +846,7 @@ grade:
         */
        if (vfexec || spawn) {
                if (vfexec) {
-                       imgp->ip_new_thread = fork_create_child(task, p, FALSE, (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT));
+                       imgp->ip_new_thread = fork_create_child(task, COALITION_NULL, p, FALSE, (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT));
                        if (imgp->ip_new_thread == NULL) {
                                error = ENOMEM;
                                goto bad;
@@ -858,6 +881,10 @@ grade:
         * NOTE: An error after this point  indicates we have potentially
         * destroyed or overwritten some process state while attempting an
         * execve() following a vfork(), which is an unrecoverable condition.
+        * We send the new process an immediate SIGKILL to avoid it executing
+        * any instructions in the mutated address space. For true spawns,
+        * this is not the case, and "too late" is still not too late to
+        * return an error code to the parent process.
         */
 
        /*
@@ -870,6 +897,11 @@ grade:
                goto badtoolate;
        }
 
+       proc_lock(p);
+       p->p_cputype = imgp->ip_origcputype;
+       p->p_cpusubtype = imgp->ip_origcpusubtype;
+       proc_unlock(p);
+
        vm_map_set_user_wire_limit(get_task_map(task), p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur);
 
        /* 
@@ -877,9 +909,10 @@ grade:
         * requested them on exec.
         */
        if (load_result.csflags & CS_VALID) {
-               imgp->ip_csflags |= load_result.csflags &
+               imgp->ip_csflags |= load_result.csflags & 
                        (CS_VALID|
-                        CS_HARD|CS_KILL|CS_EXEC_SET_HARD|CS_EXEC_SET_KILL);
+                        CS_HARD|CS_KILL|CS_ENFORCEMENT|CS_REQUIRE_LV|CS_DYLD_PLATFORM|
+                        CS_EXEC_SET_HARD|CS_EXEC_SET_KILL|CS_EXEC_SET_ENFORCEMENT);
        } else {
                imgp->ip_csflags &= ~CS_VALID;
        }
@@ -888,6 +921,10 @@ grade:
                imgp->ip_csflags |= CS_HARD;
        if (p->p_csflags & CS_EXEC_SET_KILL)
                imgp->ip_csflags |= CS_KILL;
+       if (p->p_csflags & CS_EXEC_SET_ENFORCEMENT)
+               imgp->ip_csflags |= CS_ENFORCEMENT;
+       if (p->p_csflags & CS_EXEC_SET_INSTALLER)
+               imgp->ip_csflags |= CS_INSTALLER;
 
 
        /*
@@ -907,15 +944,20 @@ grade:
         * deal with set[ug]id.
         */
        error = exec_handle_sugid(imgp);
+       if (error) {
+               goto badtoolate;
+       }       
+
+       /*
+        * deal with voucher on exec-calling thread.
+        */
+       if (imgp->ip_new_thread == NULL)
+               thread_set_mach_voucher(current_thread(), IPC_VOUCHER_NULL);
 
        /* Make sure we won't interrupt ourself signalling a partial process */
        if (!vfexec && !spawn && (p->p_lflag & P_LTRACED))
                psignal(p, SIGTRAP);
 
-       if (error) {
-               goto badtoolate;
-       }
-       
        if (load_result.unixproc &&
                create_unix_stack(get_task_map(task),
                                  &load_result,
@@ -955,8 +997,8 @@ grade:
                error = copyoutptr(load_result.mach_header, ap, new_ptr_size);
 
                if (error) {
-                       if (vfexec || spawn)
-                               vm_map_switch(old_map);
+                       if (vfexec || spawn)
+                               vm_map_switch(old_map);
                        goto badtoolate;
                }
                task_set_dyld_info(task, load_result.all_image_info_addr,
@@ -1017,30 +1059,15 @@ grade:
 
        pal_dbg_set_task_name( p->task );
 
-       memcpy(&p->p_uuid[0], &load_result.uuid[0], sizeof(p->p_uuid));
-
-#if !CONFIG_EMBEDDED
-       unsigned int i;
-
-       if (!vfexec && !spawn) {
-               if (p->p_legacy_behavior & PROC_LEGACY_BEHAVIOR_IOTHROTTLE) {
-                       throttle_legacy_process_decr();
-               }
-       }
-
-       p->p_legacy_behavior = 0;
-       for (i=0; i < sizeof(legacy_behaviors)/sizeof(legacy_behaviors[0]); i++) {
-               if (0 == uuid_compare(legacy_behaviors[i].process_uuid, p->p_uuid)) {
-                       p->p_legacy_behavior = legacy_behaviors[i].legacy_mask;
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
-
-       if (p->p_legacy_behavior & PROC_LEGACY_BEHAVIOR_IOTHROTTLE) {
-               throttle_legacy_process_incr();
-       }
+#if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
+       /* 
+        * Update the pid an proc name for importance base if any
+        */
+       task_importance_update_owner_info(p->task);
 #endif
 
+       memcpy(&p->p_uuid[0], &load_result.uuid[0], sizeof(p->p_uuid));
+
 // <rdar://6598155> dtrace code cleanup needed
 #if CONFIG_DTRACE
        /*
@@ -1073,8 +1100,8 @@ grade:
         */
        proc_lock(p);
        if (p->p_dtrace_probes && dtrace_fasttrap_exec_ptr) {
-               (*dtrace_fasttrap_exec_ptr)(p);
-       }
+               (*dtrace_fasttrap_exec_ptr)(p);
+       }
        proc_unlock(p);
 #endif
 
@@ -1117,54 +1144,6 @@ grade:
                        proc_unlock(p);
                        (void) task_suspend(p->task);
                }
-#if CONFIG_EMBEDDED
-               if ((psa->psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_IOS_RESV1_APP_START) || (psa->psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_IOS_APPLE_DAEMON_START) || (psa->psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_IOS_APP_START)) {
-                       if ((psa->psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_IOS_RESV1_APP_START))
-                               apptype = PROC_POLICY_IOS_RESV1_APPTYPE;
-                       else if (psa->psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_IOS_APPLE_DAEMON_START)
-                               apptype = PROC_POLICY_IOS_APPLE_DAEMON;
-                       else if (psa->psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_IOS_APP_START)
-                               apptype = PROC_POLICY_IOS_APPTYPE;
-                       else
-                               apptype = PROC_POLICY_OSX_APPTYPE_NONE;
-                       proc_set_task_apptype(p->task, apptype, imgp->ip_new_thread);
-                       if (apptype == PROC_POLICY_IOS_RESV1_APPTYPE)
-                               proc_apply_task_networkbg_internal(p, NULL);
-                       }
-
-               if (psa->psa_apptype & POSIX_SPAWN_APPTYPE_IOS_APPLEDAEMON) {
-                       apptype = PROC_POLICY_IOS_APPLE_DAEMON;
-                       proc_set_task_apptype(p->task, apptype, imgp->ip_new_thread);
-               }
-#else /* CONFIG_EMBEDDED */
-               if ((psa->psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_OSX_TALAPP_START) || (psa->psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_OSX_DBCLIENT_START)) {
-                       if ((psa->psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_OSX_TALAPP_START))
-                               apptype = PROC_POLICY_OSX_APPTYPE_TAL;
-                       else if (psa->psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_OSX_DBCLIENT_START)
-                               apptype = PROC_POLICY_OSX_APPTYPE_DBCLIENT;
-                       else
-                               apptype = PROC_POLICY_OSX_APPTYPE_NONE;
-                       proc_set_task_apptype(p->task, apptype, NULL);
-                       if ((apptype == PROC_POLICY_OSX_APPTYPE_TAL) || 
-                               (apptype == PROC_POLICY_OSX_APPTYPE_DBCLIENT)) {
-                               proc_apply_task_networkbg_internal(p, NULL);
-                       }
-               }
-               if ((psa->psa_apptype & POSIX_SPAWN_APPTYPE_OSX_TAL) ||
-                               (psa->psa_apptype & POSIX_SPAWN_APPTYPE_OSX_WIDGET)) {
-                       if ((psa->psa_apptype & POSIX_SPAWN_APPTYPE_OSX_TAL))
-                               apptype = PROC_POLICY_OSX_APPTYPE_TAL;
-                       else if (psa->psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_APPTYPE_OSX_WIDGET)
-                               apptype = PROC_POLICY_OSX_APPTYPE_DBCLIENT;
-                       else
-                               apptype = PROC_POLICY_OSX_APPTYPE_NONE;
-                       proc_set_task_apptype(p->task, apptype, imgp->ip_new_thread);
-                       if ((apptype == PROC_POLICY_OSX_APPTYPE_TAL) || 
-                               (apptype == PROC_POLICY_OSX_APPTYPE_DBCLIENT)) {
-                               proc_apply_task_networkbg_internal(p, NULL);
-                       }
-               }
-#endif /* CONFIG_EMBEDDED */
        }
 
        /*
@@ -1188,15 +1167,32 @@ grade:
                psignal_vfork(p, new_task, thread, SIGTRAP);
        }
 
+       goto done;
+
 badtoolate:
-if (!spawn)
-       proc_knote(p, NOTE_EXEC);
+       /* Don't allow child process to execute any instructions */
+       if (!spawn) {
+               if (vfexec) {
+                       psignal_vfork(p, new_task, thread, SIGKILL);
+               } else {
+                       psignal(p, SIGKILL);
+               }
 
-       if (vfexec || spawn) {
+               /* We can't stop this system call at this point, so just pretend we succeeded */
+               error = 0;
+       }
+       
+done:
+       if (!spawn) {
+               /* notify only if it has not failed due to FP Key error */
+               if ((p->p_lflag & P_LTERM_DECRYPTFAIL) == 0)
+                       proc_knote(p, NOTE_EXEC);
+       }
+
+       /* Drop extra references for cases where we don't expect the caller to clean up */
+       if (vfexec || (spawn && error == 0)) {
                task_deallocate(new_task);
                thread_deallocate(thread);
-               if (error)
-                       error = 0;
        }
 
 bad:
@@ -1252,7 +1248,7 @@ struct execsw {
 static int
 exec_activate_image(struct image_params *imgp)
 {
-       struct nameidata nd;
+       struct nameidata *ndp = NULL;
        int error;
        int resid;
        int once = 1;   /* save SGUID-ness for interpreted files */
@@ -1262,7 +1258,7 @@ exec_activate_image(struct image_params *imgp)
 
        error = execargs_alloc(imgp);
        if (error)
-               goto bad;
+               goto bad_notrans;
        
        error = exec_save_path(imgp, imgp->ip_user_fname, imgp->ip_seg);
        if (error) {
@@ -1272,15 +1268,21 @@ exec_activate_image(struct image_params *imgp)
        /* Use imgp->ip_strings, which contains the copyin-ed exec path */
        DTRACE_PROC1(exec, uintptr_t, imgp->ip_strings);
 
-       NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, OP_LOOKUP, FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF | AUDITVNPATH1,
+       MALLOC(ndp, struct nameidata *, sizeof(*ndp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
+       if (ndp == NULL) {
+               error = ENOMEM;
+               goto bad_notrans;
+       }
+
+       NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, OP_LOOKUP, FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF | AUDITVNPATH1,
                   UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(imgp->ip_strings), imgp->ip_vfs_context);
 
 again:
-       error = namei(&nd);
+       error = namei(ndp);
        if (error)
                goto bad_notrans;
-       imgp->ip_ndp = &nd;     /* successful namei(); call nameidone() later */
-       imgp->ip_vp = nd.ni_vp; /* if set, need to vnode_put() at some point */
+       imgp->ip_ndp = ndp;     /* successful namei(); call nameidone() later */
+       imgp->ip_vp = ndp->ni_vp;       /* if set, need to vnode_put() at some point */
 
        /*
         * Before we start the transition from binary A to binary B, make
@@ -1294,7 +1296,7 @@ again:
                proc_unlock(p);
                goto bad_notrans;
        }
-       error = proc_transstart(p, 1);
+       error = proc_transstart(p, 1, 0);
        proc_unlock(p);
        if (error)
                goto bad_notrans;
@@ -1348,16 +1350,24 @@ encapsulated_binary:
                        }
                        mac_vnode_label_copy(imgp->ip_vp->v_label,
                                             imgp->ip_scriptlabelp);
+
+                       /*
+                        * Take a ref of the script vnode for later use.
+                        */
+                       if (imgp->ip_scriptvp)
+                               vnode_put(imgp->ip_scriptvp);
+                       if (vnode_getwithref(imgp->ip_vp) == 0)
+                               imgp->ip_scriptvp = imgp->ip_vp;
 #endif
 
-                       nameidone(&nd);
+                       nameidone(ndp);
 
                        vnode_put(imgp->ip_vp);
                        imgp->ip_vp = NULL;     /* already put */
                        imgp->ip_ndp = NULL; /* already nameidone */
 
                        /* Use imgp->ip_strings, which exec_shell_imgact reset to the interpreter */
-                       NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, OP_LOOKUP, FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF,
+                       NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, OP_LOOKUP, FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF,
                                   UIO_SYSSPACE, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(imgp->ip_strings), imgp->ip_vfs_context);
 
                        proc_transend(p, 0);
@@ -1375,7 +1385,7 @@ encapsulated_binary:
        if (error == 0 && kauth_authorize_fileop_has_listeners()) {
                kauth_authorize_fileop(vfs_context_ucred(imgp->ip_vfs_context),
                                        KAUTH_FILEOP_EXEC,
-                                       (uintptr_t)nd.ni_vp, 0);
+                                       (uintptr_t)ndp->ni_vp, 0);
        }
 
 bad:
@@ -1386,10 +1396,86 @@ bad_notrans:
                execargs_free(imgp);
        if (imgp->ip_ndp)
                nameidone(imgp->ip_ndp);
+       if (ndp)
+               FREE(ndp, M_TEMP);
 
        return (error);
 }
 
+
+/*
+ * exec_handle_spawnattr_policy
+ *
+ * Description: Decode and apply the posix_spawn apptype, qos clamp, and watchport ports to the task.
+ *
+ * Parameters:  proc_t p                process to apply attributes to
+ *              int psa_apptype         posix spawn attribute apptype
+ *
+ * Returns:     0                       Success
+ */
+static errno_t
+exec_handle_spawnattr_policy(proc_t p, int psa_apptype, uint64_t psa_qos_clamp,
+                             ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports, int portwatch_count)
+{
+       int apptype     = TASK_APPTYPE_NONE;
+       int qos_clamp   = THREAD_QOS_UNSPECIFIED;
+
+       if ((psa_apptype & POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_MASK) != 0) {
+               int proctype = psa_apptype & POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_MASK;
+
+               switch(proctype) {
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_INTERACTIVE:
+                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_INTERACTIVE;
+                               break;
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_STANDARD:
+                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_STANDARD;
+                               break;
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_ADAPTIVE:
+                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_ADAPTIVE;
+                               break;
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_BACKGROUND:
+                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_DAEMON_BACKGROUND;
+                               break;
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_APP_DEFAULT:
+                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_APP_DEFAULT;
+                               break;
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_APP_TAL:
+                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_APP_TAL;
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               apptype = TASK_APPTYPE_NONE;
+                               /* TODO: Should an invalid value here fail the spawn? */
+                               break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (psa_qos_clamp != POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_CLAMP_NONE) {
+               switch (psa_qos_clamp) {
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_CLAMP_UTILITY:
+                               qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_UTILITY;
+                               break;
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_CLAMP_BACKGROUND:
+                               qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_BACKGROUND;
+                               break;
+                       case POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_CLAMP_MAINTENANCE:
+                               qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_MAINTENANCE;
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               qos_clamp = THREAD_QOS_UNSPECIFIED;
+                               /* TODO: Should an invalid value here fail the spawn? */
+                               break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (psa_apptype != TASK_APPTYPE_NONE || qos_clamp != THREAD_QOS_UNSPECIFIED) {
+               proc_set_task_spawnpolicy(p->task, apptype, qos_clamp,
+                                         portwatch_ports, portwatch_count);
+       }
+
+       return (0);
+}
+
+
 /*
  * exec_handle_port_actions
  *
@@ -1405,7 +1491,7 @@ bad_notrans:
  *             ENOTSUP                 Illegal posix_spawn attr flag was set
  */
 static errno_t
-exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
+exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags, boolean_t * portwatch_present, ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports)
 {
        _posix_spawn_port_actions_t pacts = imgp->ip_px_spa;
        proc_t p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
@@ -1415,13 +1501,17 @@ exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
        errno_t ret = 0;
        int i;
 
+       *portwatch_present = FALSE;
+
        for (i = 0; i < pacts->pspa_count; i++) {
                act = &pacts->pspa_actions[i];
 
                if (ipc_object_copyin(get_task_ipcspace(current_task()),
                    act->new_port, MACH_MSG_TYPE_COPY_SEND,
-                   (ipc_object_t *) &port) != KERN_SUCCESS)
-                       return (EINVAL);
+                   (ipc_object_t *) &port) != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+                       ret = EINVAL;
+                       goto done;
+               }
 
                switch (act->port_type) {
                case PSPA_SPECIAL:
@@ -1429,7 +1519,7 @@ exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                        if (!(psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_SETEXEC))
                                ret = ENOTSUP;
                        else if (task_set_special_port(task,
-                           act->which, port) != KERN_SUCCESS)
+                       act->which, port) != KERN_SUCCESS)
                                ret = EINVAL;
                        break;
 
@@ -1438,8 +1528,8 @@ exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                        if (!(psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_SETEXEC))
                                ret = ENOTSUP;
                        else if (task_set_exception_ports(task, 
-                           act->mask, port, act->behavior, 
-                           act->flavor) != KERN_SUCCESS)
+                       act->mask, port, act->behavior, 
+                       act->flavor) != KERN_SUCCESS)
                                ret = EINVAL;
                        break;
 #if CONFIG_AUDIT
@@ -1447,6 +1537,15 @@ exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                        ret = audit_session_spawnjoin(p, port);
                        break;
 #endif
+               case PSPA_IMP_WATCHPORTS:
+                       if (portwatch_ports != NULL) {
+                               *portwatch_present = TRUE;
+                               /* hold on to this till end of spawn */
+                               portwatch_ports[i] = port;
+                               ret = 0;
+                       } else
+                               ipc_port_release_send(port);
+                       break;
                default:
                        ret = EINVAL;
                        break;
@@ -1460,6 +1559,9 @@ exec_handle_port_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                }
        }
 
+done:
+       if (0 != ret)
+               DTRACE_PROC1(spawn__port__failure, mach_port_name_t, act->new_port);
        return (ret);
 }
 
@@ -1503,28 +1605,41 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                         * context of UIO_SYSSPACE, and casts the address
                         * argument to a user_addr_t.
                         */
-                       struct vnode_attr va;
-                       struct nameidata nd;
+                       char *bufp = NULL;
+                       struct vnode_attr *vap;
+                       struct nameidata *ndp;
                        int mode = psfa->psfaa_openargs.psfao_mode;
                        struct dup2_args dup2a;
                        struct close_nocancel_args ca;
                        int origfd;
 
-                       VATTR_INIT(&va);
+                       MALLOC(bufp, char *, sizeof(*vap) + sizeof(*ndp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
+                       if (bufp == NULL) {
+                               error = ENOMEM;
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       vap = (struct vnode_attr *) bufp;
+                       ndp = (struct nameidata *) (bufp + sizeof(*vap));
+
+                       VATTR_INIT(vap);
                        /* Mask off all but regular access permissions */
                        mode = ((mode &~ p->p_fd->fd_cmask) & ALLPERMS) & ~S_ISTXT;
-                       VATTR_SET(&va, va_mode, mode & ACCESSPERMS);
+                       VATTR_SET(vap, va_mode, mode & ACCESSPERMS);
 
-                       NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, OP_OPEN, FOLLOW | AUDITVNPATH1, UIO_SYSSPACE,
+                       NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, OP_OPEN, FOLLOW | AUDITVNPATH1, UIO_SYSSPACE,
                               CAST_USER_ADDR_T(psfa->psfaa_openargs.psfao_path),
                               imgp->ip_vfs_context);
 
                        error = open1(imgp->ip_vfs_context, 
-                                       &nd,
+                                       ndp,
                                        psfa->psfaa_openargs.psfao_oflag,
-                                       &va,
+                                       vap,
+                                       fileproc_alloc_init, NULL,
                                        ival);
 
+                       FREE(bufp, M_TEMP);
+
                        /*
                         * If there's an error, or we get the right fd by
                         * accident, then drop out here.  This is easier than
@@ -1588,20 +1703,27 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
                        break;
 
                case PSFA_INHERIT: {
-                       struct fileproc *fp;
-                       int fd = psfa->psfaa_filedes;
+                       struct fcntl_nocancel_args fcntla;
 
                        /*
                         * Check to see if the descriptor exists, and
                         * ensure it's -not- marked as close-on-exec.
-                        * [Less code than the equivalent F_GETFD/F_SETFD.]
+                        *
+                        * Attempting to "inherit" a guarded fd will
+                        * result in a error.
                         */
-                       proc_fdlock(p);
-                       if ((error = fp_lookup(p, fd, &fp, 1)) == 0) {
-                               *fdflags(p, fd) &= ~UF_EXCLOSE;
-                               (void) fp_drop(p, fd, fp, 1);
+                       fcntla.fd = psfa->psfaa_filedes;
+                       fcntla.cmd = F_GETFD;
+                       if ((error = fcntl_nocancel(p, &fcntla, ival)) != 0)
+                               break;
+
+                       if ((ival[0] & FD_CLOEXEC) == FD_CLOEXEC) {
+                               fcntla.fd = psfa->psfaa_filedes;
+                               fcntla.cmd = F_SETFD;
+                               fcntla.arg = ival[0] & ~FD_CLOEXEC;
+                               error = fcntl_nocancel(p, &fcntla, ival);
                        }
-                       proc_fdunlock(p);
+
                        }
                        break;
 
@@ -1612,8 +1734,15 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
 
                /* All file actions failures are considered fatal, per POSIX */
 
-               if (error)
+               if (error) {
+                       if (PSFA_OPEN == psfa->psfaa_type) {
+                               DTRACE_PROC1(spawn__open__failure, uintptr_t,
+                                   psfa->psfaa_openargs.psfao_path);
+                       } else {
+                               DTRACE_PROC1(spawn__fd__failure, int, psfa->psfaa_filedes);
+                       }
                        break;
+               }
        }
 
        if (error != 0 || (psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_CLOEXEC_DEFAULT) == 0)
@@ -1651,6 +1780,102 @@ exec_handle_file_actions(struct image_params *imgp, short psa_flags)
        return (0);
 }
 
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+/*
+ * exec_spawnattr_getmacpolicyinfo
+ */
+void *
+exec_spawnattr_getmacpolicyinfo(const void *macextensions, const char *policyname, size_t *lenp)
+{
+       const struct _posix_spawn_mac_policy_extensions *psmx = macextensions;
+       int i;
+
+       if (psmx == NULL)
+               return NULL;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < psmx->psmx_count; i++) {
+               const _ps_mac_policy_extension_t *extension = &psmx->psmx_extensions[i];
+               if (strncmp(extension->policyname, policyname, sizeof(extension->policyname)) == 0) {
+                       if (lenp != NULL)
+                               *lenp = extension->datalen;
+                       return extension->datap;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (lenp != NULL)
+               *lenp = 0;
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+static int
+spawn_copyin_macpolicyinfo(const struct user__posix_spawn_args_desc *px_args, _posix_spawn_mac_policy_extensions_t *psmxp)
+{
+       _posix_spawn_mac_policy_extensions_t psmx = NULL;
+       int error = 0;
+       int copycnt = 0;
+       int i = 0;
+
+       *psmxp = NULL;
+
+       if (px_args->mac_extensions_size < PS_MAC_EXTENSIONS_SIZE(1) ||
+           px_args->mac_extensions_size > PAGE_SIZE) {
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto bad;
+       }
+
+       MALLOC(psmx, _posix_spawn_mac_policy_extensions_t, px_args->mac_extensions_size, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+       if ((error = copyin(px_args->mac_extensions, psmx, px_args->mac_extensions_size)) != 0)
+               goto bad;
+
+       if (PS_MAC_EXTENSIONS_SIZE(psmx->psmx_count) > px_args->mac_extensions_size) {
+               error = EINVAL;
+               goto bad;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < psmx->psmx_count; i++) {
+               _ps_mac_policy_extension_t *extension = &psmx->psmx_extensions[i];
+               if (extension->datalen == 0 || extension->datalen > PAGE_SIZE) {
+                       error = EINVAL;
+                       goto bad;
+               }
+       }
+
+       for (copycnt = 0; copycnt < psmx->psmx_count; copycnt++) {
+               _ps_mac_policy_extension_t *extension = &psmx->psmx_extensions[copycnt];
+               void *data = NULL;
+
+               MALLOC(data, void *, extension->datalen, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+               if ((error = copyin(extension->data, data, extension->datalen)) != 0) {
+                       FREE(data, M_TEMP);
+                       goto bad;
+               }
+               extension->datap = data;
+       }
+
+       *psmxp = psmx;
+       return 0;
+
+bad:
+       if (psmx != NULL) {
+               for (i = 0; i < copycnt; i++)
+                       FREE(psmx->psmx_extensions[i].datap, M_TEMP);
+               FREE(psmx, M_TEMP);
+       }
+       return error;
+}
+
+static void
+spawn_free_macpolicyinfo(_posix_spawn_mac_policy_extensions_t psmx)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       if (psmx == NULL)
+               return;
+       for (i = 0; i < psmx->psmx_count; i++)
+               FREE(psmx->psmx_extensions[i].datap, M_TEMP);
+       FREE(psmx, M_TEMP);
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
 
 /*
  * posix_spawn
@@ -1703,6 +1928,9 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        boolean_t spawn_no_exec = FALSE;
        boolean_t proc_transit_set = TRUE;
        boolean_t exec_done = FALSE;
+       int portwatch_count = 0;
+       ipc_port_t * portwatch_ports = NULL;
+       vm_size_t px_sa_offset = offsetof(struct _posix_spawnattr, psa_ports); 
 
        /*
         * Allocate a big chunk for locals instead of using stack since these  
@@ -1727,6 +1955,7 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        imgp->ip_flags = (is_64 ? IMGPF_WAS_64BIT : IMGPF_NONE);
        imgp->ip_p_comm = alt_p_comm;           /* for PowerPC */
        imgp->ip_seg = (is_64 ? UIO_USERSPACE64 : UIO_USERSPACE32);
+       imgp->ip_mac_return = 0;
 
        if (uap->adesc != USER_ADDR_NULL) {
                if(is_64) {
@@ -1746,17 +1975,23 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        px_args.file_actions = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(px_args32.file_actions);
                        px_args.port_actions_size = px_args32.port_actions_size;
                        px_args.port_actions = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(px_args32.port_actions);
+                       px_args.mac_extensions_size = px_args32.mac_extensions_size;
+                       px_args.mac_extensions = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(px_args32.mac_extensions);
                }
                if (error)
                        goto bad;
 
                if (px_args.attr_size != 0) {
                        /* 
-                        * This could lose some of the port_actions pointer, 
-                        * but we already have it from px_args. 
+                        * We are not copying the port_actions pointer, 
+                        * because we already have it from px_args. 
+                        * This is a bit fragile: <rdar://problem/16427422>
                         */
-                       if ((error = copyin(px_args.attrp, &px_sa, sizeof(px_sa))) != 0)
+
+                       if ((error = copyin(px_args.attrp, &px_sa, px_sa_offset) != 0)) 
                        goto bad;
+               
+                       bzero( (void *)( (unsigned long) &px_sa + px_sa_offset), sizeof(px_sa) - px_sa_offset );        
 
                        imgp->ip_px_sa = &px_sa;
                }
@@ -1778,6 +2013,12 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        if ((error = copyin(px_args.file_actions, px_sfap, 
                                                        px_args.file_actions_size)) != 0)
                                goto bad;
+
+                       /* Verify that the action count matches the struct size */
+                       if (PSF_ACTIONS_SIZE(px_sfap->psfa_act_count) != px_args.file_actions_size) {
+                               error = EINVAL;
+                               goto bad;
+                       }
                }
                if (px_args.port_actions_size != 0) {
                        /* Limit port_actions to one page of data */
@@ -1798,7 +2039,19 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                        if ((error = copyin(px_args.port_actions, px_spap, 
                                                        px_args.port_actions_size)) != 0)
                                goto bad;
+
+                       /* Verify that the action count matches the struct size */
+                       if (PS_PORT_ACTIONS_SIZE(px_spap->pspa_count) != px_args.port_actions_size) {
+                               error = EINVAL;
+                               goto bad;
+                       }
                }
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+               if (px_args.mac_extensions_size != 0) {
+                       if ((error = spawn_copyin_macpolicyinfo(&px_args, (_posix_spawn_mac_policy_extensions_t *)&imgp->ip_px_smpx)) != 0)
+                               goto bad;
+               }
+#endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
        }
 
        /* set uthread to parent */
@@ -1822,14 +2075,63 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
         * and execve().
         */
        if (imgp->ip_px_sa == NULL || !(px_sa.psa_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_SETEXEC)){
-               if ((error = fork1(p, &imgp->ip_new_thread, PROC_CREATE_SPAWN)) != 0)
+
+               /*
+                * Set the new task's coalition, if it is requested.
+                * TODO: privilege check - 15365900
+                */
+               coalition_t coal = COALITION_NULL;
+#if CONFIG_COALITIONS
+               if (imgp->ip_px_sa) {
+                       uint64_t cid = px_sa.psa_coalitionid;
+                       if (cid != 0) {
+#if COALITION_DEBUG
+                               printf("%s: searching for coalition ID %llu\n", __func__, cid);
+#endif
+                               coal = coalition_find_and_activate_by_id(cid);
+                               if (coal == COALITION_NULL) {
+#if COALITION_DEBUG
+                                       printf("%s: could not find coalition ID %llu (perhaps it has been terminated or reaped)\n", __func__, cid);
+#endif
+                                       error = ESRCH;
+                                       goto bad;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+#endif /* CONFIG_COALITIONS */
+
+               error = fork1(p, &imgp->ip_new_thread, PROC_CREATE_SPAWN, coal);
+
+               if (error != 0) {
+                       if (coal != COALITION_NULL) {
+#if CONFIG_COALITIONS
+                               coalition_remove_active(coal);
+                               coalition_release(coal);
+#endif /* CONFIG_COALITIONS */
+                       }
                        goto bad;
+               }
                imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_SPAWN;  /* spawn w/o exec */
                spawn_no_exec = TRUE;           /* used in later tests */
+
+               if (coal != COALITION_NULL) {
+#if CONFIG_COALITIONS
+                       coalition_remove_active(coal);
+                       coalition_release(coal);
+#endif /* CONFIG_COALITIONS */
+               }
        }
 
-       if (spawn_no_exec)
+       if (spawn_no_exec) {
                p = (proc_t)get_bsdthreadtask_info(imgp->ip_new_thread);
+               
+               /*
+                * We had to wait until this point before firing the
+                * proc:::create probe, otherwise p would not point to the
+                * child process.
+                */
+               DTRACE_PROC1(create, proc_t, p);
+       }
        assert(p != NULL);
 
        /* By default, the thread everyone plays with is the parent */
@@ -1862,14 +2164,35 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        }
 
        /* Has spawn port actions? */
-       if (imgp->ip_px_spa != NULL) { 
-               /* 
-                * The check for the POSIX_SPAWN_SETEXEC flag is done in 
-                * exec_handle_port_actions().
+       if (imgp->ip_px_spa != NULL) {
+               boolean_t is_adaptive = FALSE;
+               boolean_t portwatch_present = FALSE;
+
+               /* Will this process become adaptive? The apptype isn't ready yet, so we can't look there. */
+               if (imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL && px_sa.psa_apptype == POSIX_SPAWN_PROC_TYPE_DAEMON_ADAPTIVE)
+                       is_adaptive = TRUE;
+
+               /*
+                * portwatch only:
+                * Allocate a place to store the ports we want to bind to the new task
+                * We can't bind them until after the apptype is set.
                 */
+               if (px_spap->pspa_count != 0 && is_adaptive) {
+                       portwatch_count = px_spap->pspa_count;
+                       MALLOC(portwatch_ports, ipc_port_t *, (sizeof(ipc_port_t) * portwatch_count), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
+               } else {
+                       portwatch_ports = NULL;
+               }
+
                if ((error = exec_handle_port_actions(imgp,
-                   imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL ? px_sa.psa_flags : 0)) != 0) 
+                   imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL ? px_sa.psa_flags : 0, &portwatch_present, portwatch_ports)) != 0) 
                        goto bad;
+
+               if (portwatch_present == FALSE && portwatch_ports != NULL) {
+                       FREE(portwatch_ports, M_TEMP);
+                       portwatch_ports = NULL;
+                       portwatch_count = 0;
+               }
        }
 
        /* Has spawn attr? */
@@ -1916,6 +2239,11 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                /*
                 * Disable ASLR for the spawned process.
                 */
+               /*
+                * But only do so if we are not embedded; embedded allows for a
+                * boot-arg (-disable_aslr) to deal with this (which itself is
+                * only honored on DEVELOPMENT or DEBUG builds of xnu).
+                */
                if (px_sa.psa_flags & _POSIX_SPAWN_DISABLE_ASLR)
                        OSBitOrAtomic(P_DISABLE_ASLR, &p->p_flag);
 
@@ -1958,7 +2286,7 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
         * Activate the image
         */
        error = exec_activate_image(imgp);
-
+       
        if (error == 0) {
                /* process completed the exec */
                exec_done = TRUE;
@@ -2023,21 +2351,29 @@ posix_spawn(proc_t ap, struct posix_spawn_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                 * Userland gives us interval in seconds, and the kernel SPI expects nanoseconds.
                 */
                if (px_sa.psa_cpumonitor_percent != 0) {
+                       /*
+                        * Always treat a CPU monitor activation coming from spawn as entitled. Requiring
+                        * an entitlement to configure the monitor a certain way seems silly, since
+                        * whomever is turning it on could just as easily choose not to do so.
+                        *
+                        * XXX - Ignore the parameters that we get from userland. The spawnattr method of
+                        * activating the monitor always gets the system default parameters. Once we have
+                        * an explicit spawn SPI for configuring the defaults, we can revert this to
+                        * respect the params passed in from userland.
+                        */
                        error = proc_set_task_ruse_cpu(p->task,
                                        TASK_POLICY_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_NOTIFY_EXC,
-                                       px_sa.psa_cpumonitor_percent,
-                                       px_sa.psa_cpumonitor_interval * NSEC_PER_SEC,
-                                       0);
+                                       PROC_POLICY_CPUMON_DEFAULTS, 0,
+                                       0, TRUE);
                }
        }
 
 bad:
+
        if (error == 0) {
                /* reset delay idle sleep status if set */
-#if !CONFIG_EMBEDDED
                if ((p->p_flag & P_DELAYIDLESLEEP) == P_DELAYIDLESLEEP)
                        OSBitAndAtomic(~((uint32_t)P_DELAYIDLESLEEP), &p->p_flag);
-#endif /* !CONFIG_EMBEDDED */
                /* upon  successful spawn, re/set the proc control state */
                if (imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL) {
                        switch (px_sa.psa_pcontrol) {
@@ -2055,18 +2391,15 @@ bad:
                                        p->p_pcaction = 0;
                                        break;
                        };
-#if !CONFIG_EMBEDDED
-                       if ((px_sa.psa_apptype & POSIX_SPAWN_APPTYPE_DELAYIDLESLEEP) != 0)
-                               OSBitOrAtomic(P_DELAYIDLESLEEP, &p->p_flag);
-#endif /* !CONFIG_EMBEDDED */
                }
                exec_resettextvp(p, imgp);
                
-#if CONFIG_EMBEDDED
+#if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS && CONFIG_JETSAM
                /* Has jetsam attributes? */
-               if (imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL) {
-                       memorystatus_list_change((px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_USE_EFFECTIVE_PRIORITY),
-                                       p->p_pid, px_sa.psa_priority, -1, px_sa.psa_high_water_mark);
+               if (imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL && (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_SET)) {
+                       memorystatus_update(p, px_sa.psa_priority, 0, (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_USE_EFFECTIVE_PRIORITY),
+                           TRUE, px_sa.psa_high_water_mark, (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_HIWATER_BACKGROUND), 
+                                           (px_sa.psa_jetsam_flags & POSIX_SPAWN_JETSAM_MEMLIMIT_FATAL));
                }
 #endif
        }
@@ -2093,8 +2426,54 @@ bad:
                /* flag the 'fork' has occurred */
                proc_knote(p->p_pptr, NOTE_FORK | p->p_pid);
                /* then flag exec has occurred */
-               proc_knote(p, NOTE_EXEC);
-               DTRACE_PROC1(create, proc_t, p);
+               /* notify only if it has not failed due to FP Key error */
+               if ((p->p_lflag & P_LTERM_DECRYPTFAIL) == 0)
+                       proc_knote(p, NOTE_EXEC);
+       } else {
+               /* reset the importance attribute from our previous life */
+               task_importance_reset(p->task);
+
+               /* reset atm context from task */
+               task_atm_reset(p->task);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Apply the spawnattr policy, apptype (which primes the task for importance donation),
+        * and bind any portwatch ports to the new task.
+        * This must be done after the exec so that the child's thread is ready,
+        * and after the in transit state has been released, because priority is
+        * dropped here so we need to be prepared for a potentially long preemption interval
+        *
+        * TODO: Consider splitting this up into separate phases
+        */
+       if (error == 0 && imgp->ip_px_sa != NULL) {
+               struct _posix_spawnattr *psa = (struct _posix_spawnattr *) imgp->ip_px_sa;
+
+               exec_handle_spawnattr_policy(p, psa->psa_apptype, psa->psa_qos_clamp,
+                                             portwatch_ports, portwatch_count);
+       }
+
+       /* Apply the main thread qos */
+       if (error == 0) {
+               thread_t main_thread = (imgp->ip_new_thread != NULL) ? imgp->ip_new_thread : current_thread();
+
+               task_set_main_thread_qos(p->task, main_thread);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Release any ports we kept around for binding to the new task
+        * We need to release the rights even if the posix_spawn has failed.
+        */
+       if (portwatch_ports != NULL) {
+               for (int i = 0; i < portwatch_count; i++) {
+                       ipc_port_t port = NULL;
+                       if ((port = portwatch_ports[i]) != NULL) {
+                               ipc_port_release_send(port);
+                       }
+               }
+               FREE(portwatch_ports, M_TEMP);
+               portwatch_ports = NULL;
+               portwatch_count = 0;
        }
 
        /*
@@ -2119,6 +2498,8 @@ bad:
        if (imgp != NULL) {
                if (imgp->ip_vp)
                        vnode_put(imgp->ip_vp);
+               if (imgp->ip_scriptvp)
+                       vnode_put(imgp->ip_scriptvp);
                if (imgp->ip_strings)
                        execargs_free(imgp);
                if (imgp->ip_px_sfa != NULL)
@@ -2127,6 +2508,8 @@ bad:
                        FREE(imgp->ip_px_spa, M_TEMP);
                
 #if CONFIG_MACF
+               if (imgp->ip_px_smpx != NULL)
+                       spawn_free_macpolicyinfo(imgp->ip_px_smpx);
                if (imgp->ip_execlabelp)
                        mac_cred_label_free(imgp->ip_execlabelp);
                if (imgp->ip_scriptlabelp)
@@ -2134,34 +2517,48 @@ bad:
 #endif
        }
 
-       if (error) {
-               DTRACE_PROC1(exec__failure, int, error);
+#if CONFIG_DTRACE
+       if (spawn_no_exec) {
+               /*
+                * In the original DTrace reference implementation,
+                * posix_spawn() was a libc routine that just
+                * did vfork(2) then exec(2).  Thus the proc::: probes
+                * are very fork/exec oriented.  The details of this
+                * in-kernel implementation of posix_spawn() is different
+                * (while producing the same process-observable effects)
+                * particularly w.r.t. errors, and which thread/process
+                * is constructing what on behalf of whom.
+                */
+               if (error) {
+                       DTRACE_PROC1(spawn__failure, int, error);
+               } else {
+                       DTRACE_PROC(spawn__success);
+                       /*
+                        * Some DTrace scripts, e.g. newproc.d in
+                        * /usr/bin, rely on the the 'exec-success'
+                        * probe being fired in the child after the
+                        * new process image has been constructed
+                        * in order to determine the associated pid.
+                        *
+                        * So, even though the parent built the image
+                        * here, for compatibility, mark the new thread
+                        * so 'exec-success' fires on it as it leaves
+                        * the kernel.
+                        */
+                       dtrace_thread_didexec(imgp->ip_new_thread);
+               }
        } else {
-            /*
-            * <rdar://6609474> temporary - so dtrace call to current_proc()
-            * returns the child process instead of the parent.
-            */
-           if (imgp != NULL && imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_SPAWN) {
-               p->p_lflag |= P_LINVFORK;
-               p->p_vforkact = current_thread();
-               uthread->uu_proc = p;
-               uthread->uu_flag |= UT_VFORK;
-           }
-           
-           DTRACE_PROC(exec__success);
-           
-           /*
-            * <rdar://6609474> temporary - so dtrace call to current_proc()
-            * returns the child process instead of the parent.
-            */
-           if (imgp != NULL && imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_SPAWN) {
-               p->p_lflag &= ~P_LINVFORK;
-               p->p_vforkact = NULL;
-               uthread->uu_proc = PROC_NULL;
-               uthread->uu_flag &= ~UT_VFORK;
-           }
+               if (error) {
+                       DTRACE_PROC1(exec__failure, int, error);
+               } else {
+                       DTRACE_PROC(exec__success);
+               }
        }
 
+       if ((dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook = dtrace_proc_waitfor_exec_ptr) != NULL)
+               (*dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook)(p);
+#endif
+
        /* Return to both the parent and the child? */
        if (imgp != NULL && spawn_no_exec) {
                /*
@@ -2196,7 +2593,7 @@ bad:
                } else {
 
                        /*
-                        * Return" to the child
+                        * Return to the child
                         *
                         * Note: the image activator earlier dropped the
                         * task/thread references to the newly spawned
@@ -2243,6 +2640,8 @@ execve(proc_t p, struct execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        struct __mac_execve_args muap;
        int err;
 
+       memoryshot(VM_EXECVE, DBG_FUNC_NONE);
+
        muap.fname = uap->fname;
        muap.argp = uap->argp;
        muap.envp = uap->envp;
@@ -2289,6 +2688,7 @@ __mac_execve(proc_t p, struct __mac_execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        char alt_p_comm[sizeof(p->p_comm)] = {0};       /* for PowerPC */
        int is_64 = IS_64BIT_PROCESS(p);
        struct vfs_context context;
+       struct uthread  *uthread;
 
        context.vc_thread = current_thread();
        context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_proc_ref(p);      /* XXX must NOT be kauth_cred_get() */
@@ -2315,6 +2715,12 @@ __mac_execve(proc_t p, struct __mac_execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        imgp->ip_flags = (is_64 ? IMGPF_WAS_64BIT : IMGPF_NONE) | ((p->p_flag & P_DISABLE_ASLR) ? IMGPF_DISABLE_ASLR : IMGPF_NONE);
        imgp->ip_p_comm = alt_p_comm;           /* for PowerPC */
        imgp->ip_seg = (is_64 ? UIO_USERSPACE64 : UIO_USERSPACE32);
+       imgp->ip_mac_return = 0;
+
+       uthread = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
+       if (uthread->uu_flag & UT_VFORK) {
+               imgp->ip_flags |= IMGPF_VFORK_EXEC;
+       }
 
 #if CONFIG_MACF
        if (uap->mac_p != USER_ADDR_NULL) {
@@ -2340,6 +2746,8 @@ __mac_execve(proc_t p, struct __mac_execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
        }       
        if (imgp->ip_vp != NULLVP)
                vnode_put(imgp->ip_vp);
+       if (imgp->ip_scriptvp != NULLVP)
+               vnode_put(imgp->ip_scriptvp);
        if (imgp->ip_strings)
                execargs_free(imgp);
 #if CONFIG_MACF
@@ -2349,14 +2757,27 @@ __mac_execve(proc_t p, struct __mac_execve_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
                mac_vnode_label_free(imgp->ip_scriptlabelp);
 #endif
        if (!error) {
-               struct uthread  *uthread;
-
                /* Sever any extant thread affinity */
                thread_affinity_exec(current_thread());
 
+               thread_t main_thread = (imgp->ip_new_thread != NULL) ? imgp->ip_new_thread : current_thread();          
+
+               task_set_main_thread_qos(p->task, main_thread);
+
+               /* reset task importance */
+               task_importance_reset(p->task);
+
+               /* reset atm context from task */
+               task_atm_reset(p->task);
+
                DTRACE_PROC(exec__success);
-               uthread = get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
-               if (uthread->uu_flag & UT_VFORK) {
+
+#if CONFIG_DTRACE
+               if ((dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook = dtrace_proc_waitfor_exec_ptr) != NULL)
+                       (*dtrace_proc_waitfor_hook)(p);
+#endif
+
+               if (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_VFORK_EXEC) {
                        vfork_return(p, retval, p->p_pid);
                        (void)thread_resume(imgp->ip_new_thread);
                }
@@ -2909,7 +3330,7 @@ bad:
 }
 
 static char *
-random_hex_str(char *str, int len)
+random_hex_str(char *str, int len, boolean_t embedNUL)
 {
        uint64_t low, high, value;
        int idx;
@@ -2927,6 +3348,14 @@ random_hex_str(char *str, int len)
        high = random();
        value = high << 32 | low;
 
+       if (embedNUL) {
+               /*
+                * Zero a byte to protect against C string vulnerabilities
+                * e.g. for userland __stack_chk_guard.
+                */ 
+               value &= ~(0xffull << 8);
+       }
+
        str[0] = '0';
        str[1] = 'x';
        for (idx = 2; idx < len - 1; idx++) {
@@ -2956,6 +3385,11 @@ random_hex_str(char *str, int len)
 #define        ENTROPY_VALUES 2
 #define ENTROPY_KEY "malloc_entropy="
 
+/*
+ * System malloc engages nanozone for UIAPP.
+ */
+#define NANO_ENGAGE_KEY "MallocNanoZone=1"
+
 #define PFZ_KEY "pfz="
 extern user32_addr_t commpage_text32_location;
 extern user64_addr_t commpage_text64_location;
@@ -2978,7 +3412,7 @@ exec_add_apple_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
        if( imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT) {
                new_ptr_size = 8;
                snprintf(pfz_string, sizeof(pfz_string),PFZ_KEY "0x%llx",commpage_text64_location);
-       }else{
+       } else {
                snprintf(pfz_string, sizeof(pfz_string),PFZ_KEY "0x%x",commpage_text32_location);
        }
 
@@ -2991,13 +3425,31 @@ exec_add_apple_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
                goto bad;
        imgp->ip_applec++;
 
+       /* adding the NANO_ENGAGE_KEY key */
+       if (imgp->ip_px_sa) {
+               int proc_flags = (((struct _posix_spawnattr *) imgp->ip_px_sa)->psa_flags);
+
+               if ((proc_flags & _POSIX_SPAWN_NANO_ALLOCATOR) == _POSIX_SPAWN_NANO_ALLOCATOR) {
+                       char uiapp_string[strlen(NANO_ENGAGE_KEY) + 1];
+
+                       snprintf(uiapp_string, sizeof(uiapp_string), NANO_ENGAGE_KEY);
+                       error = exec_add_user_string(imgp, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(uiapp_string),UIO_SYSSPACE,FALSE);
+                       if (error)
+                               goto bad;
+                       imgp->ip_applec++;
+               }
+       }
+
        /*
         * Supply libc with a collection of random values to use when
         * implementing -fstack-protector.
+        *
+        * (The first random string always contains an embedded NUL so that
+        * __stack_chk_guard also protects against C string vulnerabilities)
         */
        (void)strlcpy(guard_vec, GUARD_KEY, sizeof (guard_vec));
        for (i = 0; i < GUARD_VALUES; i++) {
-               random_hex_str(guard, sizeof (guard));
+               random_hex_str(guard, sizeof (guard), i == 0);
                if (i)
                        (void)strlcat(guard_vec, ",", sizeof (guard_vec));
                (void)strlcat(guard_vec, guard, sizeof (guard_vec));
@@ -3013,7 +3465,7 @@ exec_add_apple_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
         */
        (void)strlcpy(entropy_vec, ENTROPY_KEY, sizeof(entropy_vec));
        for (i = 0; i < ENTROPY_VALUES; i++) {
-               random_hex_str(entropy, sizeof (entropy));
+               random_hex_str(entropy, sizeof (entropy), FALSE);
                if (i)
                        (void)strlcat(entropy_vec, ",", sizeof (entropy_vec));
                (void)strlcat(entropy_vec, entropy, sizeof (entropy_vec));
@@ -3095,6 +3547,13 @@ exec_check_permissions(struct image_params *imgp)
        if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID) || (p->p_lflag & P_LTRACED))
                vap->va_mode &= ~(VSUID | VSGID);
 
+       /*
+        * Disable _POSIX_SPAWN_ALLOW_DATA_EXEC and _POSIX_SPAWN_DISABLE_ASLR
+        * flags for setuid/setgid binaries.
+        */
+       if (vap->va_mode & (VSUID | VSGID))
+               imgp->ip_flags &= ~(IMGPF_ALLOW_DATA_EXEC | IMGPF_DISABLE_ASLR);
+
 #if CONFIG_MACF
        error = mac_vnode_check_exec(imgp->ip_vfs_context, vp, imgp);
        if (error)
@@ -3160,9 +3619,11 @@ exec_handle_sugid(struct image_params *imgp)
        proc_t                  p = vfs_context_proc(imgp->ip_vfs_context);
        int                     i;
        int                     leave_sugid_clear = 0;
+       int                     mac_reset_ipc = 0;
        int                     error = 0;
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-       int                     mac_transition;
+       int                     mac_transition, disjoint_cred = 0;
+       int             label_update_return = 0;
 
        /*
         * Determine whether a call to update the MAC label will result in the
@@ -3176,8 +3637,12 @@ exec_handle_sugid(struct image_params *imgp)
        mac_transition = mac_cred_check_label_update_execve(
                                                        imgp->ip_vfs_context,
                                                        imgp->ip_vp,
+                                                       imgp->ip_arch_offset,
+                                                       imgp->ip_scriptvp,
                                                        imgp->ip_scriptlabelp,
-                                                       imgp->ip_execlabelp, p);
+                                                       imgp->ip_execlabelp,
+                                                       p,
+                                                       imgp->ip_px_smpx);
 #endif
 
        OSBitAndAtomic(~((uint32_t)P_SUGID), &p->p_flag);
@@ -3242,12 +3707,19 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                 * modifying any others sharing it.
                 */
                if (mac_transition) { 
-                       kauth_cred_t    my_cred;
-                       if (kauth_proc_label_update_execve(p,
+                       kauth_proc_label_update_execve(p,
                                                imgp->ip_vfs_context,
                                                imgp->ip_vp, 
+                                               imgp->ip_arch_offset,
+                                               imgp->ip_scriptvp,
                                                imgp->ip_scriptlabelp,
-                                               imgp->ip_execlabelp)) {
+                                               imgp->ip_execlabelp,
+                                               &imgp->ip_csflags,
+                                               imgp->ip_px_smpx,
+                                               &disjoint_cred, /* will be non zero if disjoint */
+                                               &label_update_return);
+
+                       if (disjoint_cred) {
                                /*
                                 * If updating the MAC label resulted in a
                                 * disjoint credential, flag that we need to
@@ -3259,22 +3731,13 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                                 */
                                leave_sugid_clear = 0;
                        }
-
-                       my_cred = kauth_cred_proc_ref(p);
-                       mac_task_label_update_cred(my_cred, p->task);
-                       kauth_cred_unref(&my_cred);
+                       
+                       imgp->ip_mac_return = label_update_return;
                }
-#endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
+               
+               mac_reset_ipc = mac_proc_check_inherit_ipc_ports(p, p->p_textvp, p->p_textoff, imgp->ip_vp, imgp->ip_arch_offset, imgp->ip_scriptvp);
 
-               /*
-                * Have mach reset the task and thread ports.
-                * We don't want anyone who had the ports before
-                * a setuid exec to be able to access/control the
-                * task/thread after.
-                */
-               ipc_task_reset(p->task);
-               ipc_thread_reset((imgp->ip_new_thread != NULL) ?
-                                imgp->ip_new_thread : current_thread());
+#endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
 
                /*
                 * If 'leave_sugid_clear' is non-zero, then we passed the
@@ -3282,62 +3745,93 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                 * the previous cred was a member of the VSGID group, but
                 * that it was not the default at the time of the execve,
                 * and that the post-labelling credential was not disjoint.
-                * So we don't set the P_SUGID on the basis of simply
-                * running this code.
+                * So we don't set the P_SUGID or reset mach ports and fds 
+                * on the basis of simply running this code.
                 */
-               if (!leave_sugid_clear)
-                       OSBitOrAtomic(P_SUGID, &p->p_flag);
-
-               /*
-                * Radar 2261856; setuid security hole fix
-                * XXX For setuid processes, attempt to ensure that
-                * stdin, stdout, and stderr are already allocated.
-                * We do not want userland to accidentally allocate
-                * descriptors in this range which has implied meaning
-                * to libc.
-                */
-               for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+               if (mac_reset_ipc || !leave_sugid_clear) {
+                       /*
+                        * Have mach reset the task and thread ports.
+                        * We don't want anyone who had the ports before
+                        * a setuid exec to be able to access/control the
+                        * task/thread after.
+                        */
+                       ipc_task_reset(p->task);
+                       ipc_thread_reset((imgp->ip_new_thread != NULL) ?
+                                        imgp->ip_new_thread : current_thread());
+               }
 
-                       if (p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[i] != NULL)
-                               continue;
+               if (!leave_sugid_clear) {
+                       /*
+                        * Flag the process as setuid.
+                        */
+                       OSBitOrAtomic(P_SUGID, &p->p_flag);
 
                        /*
-                        * Do the kernel equivalent of
-                        *
-                        *      (void) open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);
+                        * Radar 2261856; setuid security hole fix
+                        * XXX For setuid processes, attempt to ensure that
+                        * stdin, stdout, and stderr are already allocated.
+                        * We do not want userland to accidentally allocate
+                        * descriptors in this range which has implied meaning
+                        * to libc.
                         */
+                       for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+
+                               if (p->p_fd->fd_ofiles[i] != NULL)
+                                       continue;
+
+                               /*
+                                * Do the kernel equivalent of
+                                *
+                                *      if i == 0
+                                *              (void) open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);
+                                *      else 
+                                *              (void) open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);
+                                */
 
-                       struct fileproc *fp;
-                       int indx;
+                               struct fileproc *fp;
+                               int indx;
+                               int flag;
+                               struct nameidata *ndp = NULL;
 
-                       if ((error = falloc(p,
-                           &fp, &indx, imgp->ip_vfs_context)) != 0)
-                               continue;
+                               if (i == 0)
+                                       flag = FREAD;
+                               else 
+                                       flag = FWRITE;
 
-                       struct nameidata nd1;
+                               if ((error = falloc(p,
+                                   &fp, &indx, imgp->ip_vfs_context)) != 0)
+                                       continue;
 
-                       NDINIT(&nd1, LOOKUP, OP_OPEN, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE,
-                           CAST_USER_ADDR_T("/dev/null"),
-                           imgp->ip_vfs_context);
+                               MALLOC(ndp, struct nameidata *, sizeof(*ndp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
+                               if (ndp == NULL) {
+                                       error = ENOMEM;
+                                       break;
+                               }
 
-                       if ((error = vn_open(&nd1, FREAD, 0)) != 0) {
-                               fp_free(p, indx, fp);
-                               break;
-                       }
+                               NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, OP_OPEN, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE,
+                                   CAST_USER_ADDR_T("/dev/null"),
+                                   imgp->ip_vfs_context);
+
+                               if ((error = vn_open(ndp, flag, 0)) != 0) {
+                                       fp_free(p, indx, fp);
+                                       break;
+                               }
 
-                       struct fileglob *fg = fp->f_fglob;
+                               struct fileglob *fg = fp->f_fglob;
 
-                       fg->fg_flag = FREAD;
-                       fg->fg_type = DTYPE_VNODE;
-                       fg->fg_ops = &vnops;
-                       fg->fg_data = nd1.ni_vp;
+                               fg->fg_flag = flag;
+                               fg->fg_ops = &vnops;
+                               fg->fg_data = ndp->ni_vp;
 
-                       vnode_put(nd1.ni_vp);
+                               vnode_put(ndp->ni_vp);
 
-                       proc_fdlock(p);
-                       procfdtbl_releasefd(p, indx, NULL);
-                       fp_drop(p, indx, fp, 1);
-                       proc_fdunlock(p);
+                               proc_fdlock(p);
+                               procfdtbl_releasefd(p, indx, NULL);
+                               fp_drop(p, indx, fp, 1);
+                               proc_fdunlock(p);
+
+                               FREE(ndp, M_TEMP);
+                       }
                }
        }
 #if CONFIG_MACF
@@ -3354,6 +3848,7 @@ handle_mac_transition:
                        goto handle_mac_transition;
                }
        }
+
 #endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
 
        /*
@@ -3461,9 +3956,12 @@ create_unix_stack(vm_map_t map, load_result_t* load_result,
 
 #include <sys/reboot.h>
 
-static char            init_program_name[128] = "/sbin/launchd";
-
-struct execve_args     init_exec_args;
+static const char * init_programs[] = {
+#if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
+       "/usr/local/sbin/launchd.development",
+#endif
+       "/sbin/launchd",
+};
 
 /*
  * load_init_program
@@ -3483,75 +3981,77 @@ struct execve_args      init_exec_args;
 void
 load_init_program(proc_t p)
 {
-       vm_offset_t     init_addr;
-       int             argc = 0;
+       vm_offset_t     init_addr, addr;
+       int             argc;
        uint32_t argv[3];
+       unsigned int i;
        int                     error;
        int             retval[2];
-
-       /*
-        * Copy out program name.
-        */
+       const char *init_program_name;
+       struct execve_args init_exec_args;
 
        init_addr = VM_MIN_ADDRESS;
-       (void) vm_allocate(current_map(), &init_addr, PAGE_SIZE,
-                               VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
+       (void) vm_allocate(current_map(), &init_addr, PAGE_SIZE, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if (init_addr == 0)
                init_addr++;
+                       
+       for (i = 0; i < sizeof(init_programs)/sizeof(init_programs[0]); i++) {
+       
+               init_program_name = init_programs[i];
+               addr = init_addr;
+               argc = 0;
 
-       (void) copyout((caddr_t) init_program_name, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(init_addr),
-                       (unsigned) sizeof(init_program_name)+1);
-
-       argv[argc++] = (uint32_t)init_addr;
-       init_addr += sizeof(init_program_name);
-       init_addr = (vm_offset_t)ROUND_PTR(char, init_addr);
+               /*
+                * Copy out program name.
+                */
+               (void) copyout(init_program_name, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(addr), strlen(init_program_name)+1);
 
-       /*
-        * Put out first (and only) argument, similarly.
-        * Assumes everything fits in a page as allocated
-        * above.
-        */
-       if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
-               const char *init_args = "-s";
+               argv[argc++] = (uint32_t)addr;
+               addr += strlen(init_program_name)+1;
+               addr = (vm_offset_t)ROUND_PTR(char, addr);
 
-               copyout(init_args, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(init_addr),
-                       strlen(init_args));
+               /*
+                * Put out first (and only) argument, similarly.
+                * Assumes everything fits in a page as allocated above.
+                */
+               if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
+                       const char *init_args = "-s";
 
-               argv[argc++] = (uint32_t)init_addr;
-               init_addr += strlen(init_args);
-               init_addr = (vm_offset_t)ROUND_PTR(char, init_addr);
+                       copyout(init_args, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(addr), strlen(init_args)+1);
 
-       }
+                       argv[argc++] = (uint32_t)addr;
+                       addr += strlen(init_args)+1;
+                       addr = (vm_offset_t)ROUND_PTR(char, addr);
+               }
 
-       /*
-        * Null-end the argument list
-        */
-       argv[argc] = 0;
-       
-       /*
-        * Copy out the argument list.
-        */
+               /*
+                * Null-end the argument list
+                */
+               argv[argc] = 0;
        
-       (void) copyout((caddr_t) argv, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(init_addr),
-                       (unsigned) sizeof(argv));
-
-       /*
-        * Set up argument block for fake call to execve.
-        */
+               /*
+                * Copy out the argument list.
+                */
+               (void) copyout(argv, CAST_USER_ADDR_T(addr), sizeof(argv));
 
-       init_exec_args.fname = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(argv[0]);
-       init_exec_args.argp = CAST_USER_ADDR_T((char **)init_addr);
-       init_exec_args.envp = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(0);
+               /*
+                * Set up argument block for fake call to execve.
+                */
+               init_exec_args.fname = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(argv[0]);
+               init_exec_args.argp = CAST_USER_ADDR_T((char **)addr);
+               init_exec_args.envp = CAST_USER_ADDR_T(0);
        
-       /*
-        * So that mach_init task is set with uid,gid 0 token 
-        */
-       set_security_token(p);
+               /*
+                * So that init task is set with uid,gid 0 token 
+                */
+               set_security_token(p);
 
-       error = execve(p,&init_exec_args,retval);
-       if (error)
-               panic("Process 1 exec of %s failed, errno %d",
-                     init_program_name, error);
+               error = execve(p, &init_exec_args, retval);
+               if (!error)
+                       return;
+       }
+
+       panic("Process 1 exec of %s failed, errno %d", init_program_name, error);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -3595,6 +4095,7 @@ load_return_to_errno(load_return_t lrtn)
        case LOAD_IOERROR:
                return EIO;
        case LOAD_FAILURE:
+       case LOAD_DECRYPTFAIL:
        default:
                return EBADEXEC;
        }
@@ -3654,9 +4155,9 @@ execargs_lock_unlock(void) {
        lck_mtx_unlock(execargs_cache_lock);
 }
 
-static void
+static wait_result_t
 execargs_lock_sleep(void) {
-       lck_mtx_sleep(execargs_cache_lock, LCK_SLEEP_DEFAULT, &execargs_free_count, THREAD_UNINT);
+       return(lck_mtx_sleep(execargs_cache_lock, LCK_SLEEP_DEFAULT, &execargs_free_count, THREAD_INTERRUPTIBLE));
 }
 
 static kern_return_t
@@ -3695,14 +4196,19 @@ static int
 execargs_alloc(struct image_params *imgp)
 {
        kern_return_t kret;
+       wait_result_t res;
        int i, cache_index = -1;
 
        execargs_lock_lock();
 
        while (execargs_free_count == 0) {
                execargs_waiters++;
-               execargs_lock_sleep();
+               res = execargs_lock_sleep();
                execargs_waiters--;
+               if (res != THREAD_AWAKENED) {
+                       execargs_lock_unlock();
+                       return (EINTR);
+               }
        }
 
        execargs_free_count--;
@@ -3822,15 +4328,73 @@ exec_resettextvp(proc_t p, struct image_params *imgp)
 
 }
 
-static int 
+/*
+ * If the process is not signed or if it contains entitlements, we
+ * need to communicate through the task_access_port to taskgated.
+ *
+ * taskgated will provide a detached code signature if present, and
+ * will enforce any restrictions on entitlements.
+ */
+
+static boolean_t
+taskgated_required(proc_t p, boolean_t *require_success)
+{
+       size_t length;
+       void *blob;
+       int error;
+
+       if ((p->p_csflags & CS_VALID) == 0) {
+               *require_success = FALSE;
+               return TRUE;
+       }
+
+       error = cs_entitlements_blob_get(p, &blob, &length);
+       if (error == 0 && blob != NULL) {
+               /*
+                * fatal on the desktop when entitlements are present,
+                * unless we started in single-user mode 
+                */
+               if ((boothowto & RB_SINGLE) == 0)
+                       *require_success = TRUE;
+               /*
+                * Allow initproc to run without causing taskgated to launch
+                */
+               if (p == initproc) {
+                       *require_success = FALSE;
+                       return FALSE;
+               }
+
+               return TRUE;
+       }
+
+       *require_success = FALSE;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * __EXEC_WAITING_ON_TASKGATED_CODE_SIGNATURE_UPCALL__
+ * 
+ * Description: Waits for the userspace daemon to respond to the request
+ *             we made. Function declared non inline to be visible in
+ *             stackshots and spindumps as well as debugging.
+ */
+__attribute__((noinline)) int 
+__EXEC_WAITING_ON_TASKGATED_CODE_SIGNATURE_UPCALL__(mach_port_t task_access_port, int32_t new_pid)
+{
+       return find_code_signature(task_access_port, new_pid);
+}
+
+static int
 check_for_signature(proc_t p, struct image_params *imgp)
 {
-       void *blob = NULL;
-       size_t length = 0;
        mach_port_t port = NULL;
        kern_return_t kr = KERN_FAILURE;
        int error = EACCES;
+       boolean_t unexpected_failure = FALSE;
        unsigned char hash[SHA1_RESULTLEN];
+       boolean_t require_success = FALSE;
+       int spawn = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_SPAWN);
+       int vfexec = (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_VFORK_EXEC);
 
        /*
         * Override inherited code signing flags with the
@@ -3845,19 +4409,20 @@ check_for_signature(proc_t p, struct image_params *imgp)
        if(p->p_csflags & (CS_HARD|CS_KILL)) {
                vm_map_switch_protect(get_task_map(p->task), TRUE);
        }
-
-       /* If the process is not signed or if it contains
-        * entitlements, we need to communicate through the
-        * task_access_port to taskgated.  taskgated will provide a
-        * detached code signature if present, and will enforce any
-        * restrictions on entitlements.  taskgated returns
-        * KERN_SUCCESS if it has completed its work and the exec
-        * should continue, or KERN_FAILURE if the exec should fail.
+       
+       /*
+        * image activation may be failed due to policy
+        * which is unexpected but security framework does not
+        * approve of exec, kill and return immediately.
         */
-       error = cs_entitlements_blob_get(p, &blob, &length);
+       if (imgp->ip_mac_return != 0) {
+               error = imgp->ip_mac_return;
+               unexpected_failure = TRUE;
+               goto done;
+       }
 
-       /* if signed and no entitlements, then we're done here */
-       if ((p->p_csflags & CS_VALID) && NULL == blob) {
+       /* check if callout to taskgated is needed */
+       if (!taskgated_required(p, &require_success)) {
                error = 0;
                goto done;
        }
@@ -3865,18 +4430,31 @@ check_for_signature(proc_t p, struct image_params *imgp)
        kr = task_get_task_access_port(p->task, &port);
        if (KERN_SUCCESS != kr || !IPC_PORT_VALID(port)) {
                error = 0;
-#if !CONFIG_EMBEDDED
-               /* fatal on the desktop when entitlements are present */
-               if (NULL != blob)
+               if (require_success)
                        error = EACCES;
-#endif
                goto done;
        }
 
-       kr = find_code_signature(port, p->p_pid);
-       if (KERN_SUCCESS != kr) {
+       /*
+        * taskgated returns KERN_SUCCESS if it has completed its work
+        * and the exec should continue, KERN_FAILURE if the exec should 
+        * fail, or it may error out with different error code in an 
+        * event of mig failure (e.g. process was signalled during the 
+        * rpc call, taskgated died, mig server died etc.).
+        */
+
+       kr = __EXEC_WAITING_ON_TASKGATED_CODE_SIGNATURE_UPCALL__(port, p->p_pid);
+       switch (kr) {
+       case KERN_SUCCESS:
+               error = 0;
+               break;
+       case KERN_FAILURE:
                error = EACCES;
                goto done;
+       default:
+               error = EACCES;
+               unexpected_failure = TRUE;
+               goto done;
        }
 
        /* Only do this if exec_resettextvp() did not fail */
@@ -3893,9 +4471,17 @@ check_for_signature(proc_t p, struct image_params *imgp)
        }
 
 done:
-       if (0 != error)
+       if (0 != error) {
+               if (!unexpected_failure)
+                       p->p_csflags |= CS_KILLED;
                /* make very sure execution fails */
-               psignal(p, SIGKILL);
+               if (vfexec || spawn) {
+                       psignal_vfork(p, p->task, imgp->ip_new_thread, SIGKILL);
+                       error = 0;
+               } else {
+                       psignal(p, SIGKILL);
+               }
+       }
        return error;
 }
 
@@ -3917,11 +4503,12 @@ static void exec_prefault_data(proc_t p __unused, struct image_params *imgp, loa
        /*
         * Prefault executable or dyld entry point.
         */
-       vm_fault( current_map(),
-                         vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->entry_point),
-                         VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
-                         FALSE,
-                         THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+       vm_fault(current_map(),
+                vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->entry_point,
+                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
+                FALSE,
+                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
        
        if (imgp->ip_flags & IMGPF_IS_64BIT) {
                expected_all_image_infos_size = sizeof(struct user64_dyld_all_image_infos);
@@ -3942,18 +4529,20 @@ static void exec_prefault_data(proc_t p __unused, struct image_params *imgp, loa
                 * Pre-fault to avoid copyin() going through the trap handler
                 * and recovery path.
                 */
-               vm_fault( current_map(),
-                                 vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->all_image_info_addr),
-                                 VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
-                                 FALSE,
-                                 THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+               vm_fault(current_map(),
+                        vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->all_image_info_addr,
+                                          vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                        VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
+                        FALSE,
+                        THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
                if ((load_result->all_image_info_addr & PAGE_MASK) + expected_all_image_infos_size > PAGE_SIZE) {
                        /* all_image_infos straddles a page */
-                       vm_fault( current_map(),
-                                         vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->all_image_info_addr + expected_all_image_infos_size - 1),
-                                         VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
-                                         FALSE,
-                                         THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+                       vm_fault(current_map(),
+                                vm_map_trunc_page(load_result->all_image_info_addr + expected_all_image_infos_size - 1,
+                                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                                VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
+                                FALSE,
+                                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
                }
 
                ret = copyin(load_result->all_image_info_addr,
@@ -4004,26 +4593,30 @@ static void exec_prefault_data(proc_t p __unused, struct image_params *imgp, loa
                                        (uint64_t)dyld_all_image_infos_address);
 #endif
 
-                       vm_fault( current_map(),
-                                         vm_map_trunc_page(notification_address + dyld_slide_amount),
-                                         VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
-                                         FALSE,
-                                         THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
-                       vm_fault( current_map(),
-                                         vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_image_address + dyld_slide_amount),
-                                         VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
-                                         FALSE,
-                                         THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
-                       vm_fault( current_map(),
-                                         vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_version_address + dyld_slide_amount),
-                                         VM_PROT_READ,
-                                         FALSE,
-                                         THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
-                       vm_fault( current_map(),
-                                         vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_all_image_infos_address + dyld_slide_amount),
-                                         VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
-                                         FALSE,
-                                         THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+                       vm_fault(current_map(),
+                                vm_map_trunc_page(notification_address + dyld_slide_amount,
+                                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                                VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
+                                FALSE,
+                                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+                       vm_fault(current_map(),
+                                vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_image_address + dyld_slide_amount,
+                                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                                VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_EXECUTE,
+                                FALSE,
+                                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+                       vm_fault(current_map(),
+                                vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_version_address + dyld_slide_amount,
+                                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                                VM_PROT_READ,
+                                FALSE,
+                                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
+                       vm_fault(current_map(),
+                                vm_map_trunc_page(dyld_all_image_infos_address + dyld_slide_amount,
+                                                  vm_map_page_mask(current_map())),
+                                VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
+                                FALSE,
+                                THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 0);
                }
        }
 }