]> git.saurik.com Git - apple/xnu.git/blobdiff - bsd/kern/kern_exit.c
xnu-7195.81.3.tar.gz
[apple/xnu.git] / bsd / kern / kern_exit.c
index 3d17f687c108126913aff2c2d25c116e0d81a69e..c38e6a898048958db26776e01fa875d69314eeb0 100644 (file)
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000-2011 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000-2016 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
  *
  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
- * 
+ *
  * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
  * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
  * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
  * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
  * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
  * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
- * 
+ *
  * Please obtain a copy of the License at
  * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
- * 
+ *
  * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
  * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
  * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
  * limitations under the License.
- * 
+ *
  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
  */
 /* Copyright (c) 1995, 1997 Apple Computer, Inc. All Rights Reserved */
  * is included in support of clause 2.2 (b) of the Apple Public License,
  * Version 2.0.
  */
+
 #include <machine/reg.h>
 #include <machine/psl.h>
+#include <stdatomic.h>
 
 #include "compat_43.h"
 
 #include <sys/malloc.h>
 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
+#include <sys/proc_info.h>
+#include <sys/reason.h>
+#include <sys/_types/_timeval64.h>
 #include <sys/user.h>
 #include <sys/aio_kern.h>
 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
 #include <sys/kdebug.h>
-#include <sys/filedesc.h>      /* fdfree */
-#if SYSV_SHM
-#include <sys/shm_internal.h>  /* shmexit */
-#endif
-#include <sys/acct.h>          /* acct_process */
+#include <sys/filedesc.h> /* fdfree */
+#include <sys/acct.h> /* acct_process */
+#include <sys/codesign.h>
+#include <sys/event.h> /* kevent_proc_copy_uptrs */
+#include <sys/sdt.h>
 
 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
 #include <bsm/audit_kevents.h>
 
 #include <mach/mach_types.h>
+#include <mach/task.h>
+#include <mach/thread_act.h>
 
+#include <kern/exc_resource.h>
 #include <kern/kern_types.h>
 #include <kern/kalloc.h>
 #include <kern/task.h>
+#include <corpses/task_corpse.h>
 #include <kern/thread.h>
 #include <kern/thread_call.h>
 #include <kern/sched_prim.h>
 #include <kern/assert.h>
-#include <sys/codesign.h>
+#include <kern/policy_internal.h>
+#include <kern/exc_guard.h>
 
-#if VM_PRESSURE_EVENTS
-#include <kern/vm_pressure.h>
-#endif
+#include <vm/vm_protos.h>
+#include <os/log.h>
 
+#include <pexpert/pexpert.h>
+
+#if SYSV_SHM
+#include <sys/shm_internal.h>   /* shmexit */
+#endif /* SYSV_SHM */
+#if CONFIG_PERSONAS
+#include <sys/persona.h>
+#endif /* CONFIG_PERSONAS */
 #if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS
 #include <sys/kern_memorystatus.h>
-#endif
-
+#endif /* CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS */
 #if CONFIG_DTRACE
 /* Do not include dtrace.h, it redefines kmem_[alloc/free] */
-extern void (*dtrace_fasttrap_exit_ptr)(proc_t);
-extern void (*dtrace_helpers_cleanup)(proc_t);
-extern void dtrace_lazy_dofs_destroy(proc_t);
-
+void dtrace_proc_exit(proc_t p);
 #include <sys/dtrace_ptss.h>
-#endif
-
+#endif /* CONFIG_DTRACE */
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-#include <security/mac.h>
+#include <security/mac_framework.h>
+#include <security/mac_mach_internal.h>
 #include <sys/syscall.h>
-#endif
+#endif /* CONFIG_MACF */
 
-#include <mach/mach_types.h>
-#include <mach/task.h>
-#include <mach/thread_act.h>
-
-#include <vm/vm_protos.h>
-
-#include <sys/sdt.h>
-
-extern boolean_t init_task_died;
-extern char init_task_failure_data[];
+#if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS
+static void proc_memorystatus_remove(proc_t p);
+#endif /* CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS */
 void proc_prepareexit(proc_t p, int rv, boolean_t perf_notify);
+void gather_populate_corpse_crashinfo(proc_t p, task_t corpse_task,
+    mach_exception_data_type_t code, mach_exception_data_type_t subcode,
+    uint64_t *udata_buffer, int num_udata, void *reason);
+mach_exception_data_type_t proc_encode_exit_exception_code(proc_t p);
 void vfork_exit(proc_t p, int rv);
-void vproc_exit(proc_t p);
 __private_extern__ void munge_user64_rusage(struct rusage *a_rusage_p, struct user64_rusage *a_user_rusage_p);
 __private_extern__ void munge_user32_rusage(struct rusage *a_rusage_p, struct user32_rusage *a_user_rusage_p);
 static int reap_child_locked(proc_t parent, proc_t child, int deadparent, int reparentedtoinit, int locked, int droplock);
+static void populate_corpse_crashinfo(proc_t p, task_t corpse_task,
+    struct rusage_superset *rup, mach_exception_data_type_t code,
+    mach_exception_data_type_t subcode, uint64_t *udata_buffer,
+    int num_udata, os_reason_t reason);
+static void proc_update_corpse_exception_codes(proc_t p, mach_exception_data_type_t *code, mach_exception_data_type_t *subcode);
+extern int proc_pidpathinfo_internal(proc_t p, uint64_t arg, char *buffer, uint32_t buffersize, int32_t *retval);
+static __attribute__((noinline)) void launchd_crashed_panic(proc_t p, int rv);
+extern void proc_piduniqidentifierinfo(proc_t p, struct proc_uniqidentifierinfo *p_uniqidinfo);
+extern void task_coalition_ids(task_t task, uint64_t ids[COALITION_NUM_TYPES]);
+extern uint64_t get_task_phys_footprint_limit(task_t);
+int proc_list_uptrs(void *p, uint64_t *udata_buffer, int size);
+extern uint64_t task_corpse_get_crashed_thread_id(task_t corpse_task);
+
+ZONE_DECLARE(zombie_zone, "zombie",
+    sizeof(struct rusage_superset), ZC_NOENCRYPT);
+
 
 /*
  * Things which should have prototypes in headers, but don't
  */
-void   proc_exit(proc_t p);
-int    wait1continue(int result);
-int    waitidcontinue(int result);
+void    proc_exit(proc_t p);
+int     wait1continue(int result);
+int     waitidcontinue(int result);
 kern_return_t sys_perf_notify(thread_t thread, int pid);
 kern_return_t task_exception_notify(exception_type_t exception,
-       mach_exception_data_type_t code, mach_exception_data_type_t subcode);
-void   delay(int);
+    mach_exception_data_type_t code, mach_exception_data_type_t subcode);
+kern_return_t task_violated_guard(mach_exception_code_t, mach_exception_subcode_t, void *);
+void    delay(int);
 void gather_rusage_info(proc_t p, rusage_info_current *ru, int flavor);
 
+#if __has_feature(ptrauth_calls)
+int exit_with_pac_exception(proc_t p, exception_type_t exception, mach_exception_code_t code,
+    mach_exception_subcode_t subcode);
+#endif /* __has_feature(ptrauth_calls) */
+
+
 /*
  * NOTE: Source and target may *NOT* overlap!
  * XXX Should share code with bsd/dev/ppc/unix_signal.c
@@ -177,31 +208,31 @@ void gather_rusage_info(proc_t p, rusage_info_current *ru, int flavor);
 void
 siginfo_user_to_user32(user_siginfo_t *in, user32_siginfo_t *out)
 {
-       out->si_signo   = in->si_signo;
-       out->si_errno   = in->si_errno;
-       out->si_code    = in->si_code;
-       out->si_pid     = in->si_pid;
-       out->si_uid     = in->si_uid;
-       out->si_status  = in->si_status;
-       out->si_addr    = CAST_DOWN_EXPLICIT(user32_addr_t,in->si_addr);
+       out->si_signo   = in->si_signo;
+       out->si_errno   = in->si_errno;
+       out->si_code    = in->si_code;
+       out->si_pid     = in->si_pid;
+       out->si_uid     = in->si_uid;
+       out->si_status  = in->si_status;
+       out->si_addr    = CAST_DOWN_EXPLICIT(user32_addr_t, in->si_addr);
        /* following cast works for sival_int because of padding */
-       out->si_value.sival_ptr = CAST_DOWN_EXPLICIT(user32_addr_t,in->si_value.sival_ptr);
-       out->si_band    = in->si_band;                  /* range reduction */
+       out->si_value.sival_ptr = CAST_DOWN_EXPLICIT(user32_addr_t, in->si_value.sival_ptr);
+       out->si_band    = (user32_long_t)in->si_band;                  /* range reduction */
 }
 
 void
 siginfo_user_to_user64(user_siginfo_t *in, user64_siginfo_t *out)
 {
-       out->si_signo   = in->si_signo;
-       out->si_errno   = in->si_errno;
-       out->si_code    = in->si_code;
-       out->si_pid     = in->si_pid;
-       out->si_uid     = in->si_uid;
-       out->si_status  = in->si_status;
-       out->si_addr    = in->si_addr;
+       out->si_signo   = in->si_signo;
+       out->si_errno   = in->si_errno;
+       out->si_code    = in->si_code;
+       out->si_pid     = in->si_pid;
+       out->si_uid     = in->si_uid;
+       out->si_status  = in->si_status;
+       out->si_addr    = in->si_addr;
        /* following cast works for sival_int because of padding */
-       out->si_value.sival_ptr = in->si_value.sival_ptr;
-       out->si_band    = in->si_band;                  /* range reduction */
+       out->si_value.sival_ptr = in->si_value.sival_ptr;
+       out->si_band    = in->si_band;                  /* range reduction */
 }
 
 static int
@@ -209,32 +240,610 @@ copyoutsiginfo(user_siginfo_t *native, boolean_t is64, user_addr_t uaddr)
 {
        if (is64) {
                user64_siginfo_t sinfo64;
-                               
-               bzero(&sinfo64, sizeof (sinfo64));
+
+               bzero(&sinfo64, sizeof(sinfo64));
                siginfo_user_to_user64(native, &sinfo64);
-               return (copyout(&sinfo64, uaddr, sizeof (sinfo64)));
+               return copyout(&sinfo64, uaddr, sizeof(sinfo64));
        } else {
                user32_siginfo_t sinfo32;
 
-               bzero(&sinfo32, sizeof (sinfo32));
+               bzero(&sinfo32, sizeof(sinfo32));
                siginfo_user_to_user32(native, &sinfo32);
-               return (copyout(&sinfo32, uaddr, sizeof (sinfo32)));
+               return copyout(&sinfo32, uaddr, sizeof(sinfo32));
+       }
+}
+
+void
+gather_populate_corpse_crashinfo(proc_t p, task_t corpse_task,
+    mach_exception_data_type_t code, mach_exception_data_type_t subcode,
+    uint64_t *udata_buffer, int num_udata, void *reason)
+{
+       struct rusage_superset rup;
+
+       gather_rusage_info(p, &rup.ri, RUSAGE_INFO_CURRENT);
+       rup.ri.ri_phys_footprint = 0;
+       populate_corpse_crashinfo(p, corpse_task, &rup, code, subcode,
+           udata_buffer, num_udata, reason);
+}
+
+static void
+proc_update_corpse_exception_codes(proc_t p, mach_exception_data_type_t *code, mach_exception_data_type_t *subcode)
+{
+       mach_exception_data_type_t code_update = *code;
+       mach_exception_data_type_t subcode_update = *subcode;
+       if (p->p_exit_reason == OS_REASON_NULL) {
+               return;
+       }
+
+       switch (p->p_exit_reason->osr_namespace) {
+       case OS_REASON_JETSAM:
+               if (p->p_exit_reason->osr_code == JETSAM_REASON_MEMORY_PERPROCESSLIMIT) {
+                       /* Update the code with EXC_RESOURCE code for high memory watermark */
+                       EXC_RESOURCE_ENCODE_TYPE(code_update, RESOURCE_TYPE_MEMORY);
+                       EXC_RESOURCE_ENCODE_FLAVOR(code_update, FLAVOR_HIGH_WATERMARK);
+                       EXC_RESOURCE_HWM_ENCODE_LIMIT(code_update, ((get_task_phys_footprint_limit(p->task)) >> 20));
+                       subcode_update = 0;
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               break;
+       default:
+               break;
+       }
+
+       *code = code_update;
+       *subcode = subcode_update;
+       return;
+}
+
+mach_exception_data_type_t
+proc_encode_exit_exception_code(proc_t p)
+{
+       uint64_t subcode = 0;
+
+       if (p->p_exit_reason == OS_REASON_NULL) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* Embed first 32 bits of osr_namespace and osr_code in exception code */
+       ENCODE_OSR_NAMESPACE_TO_MACH_EXCEPTION_CODE(subcode, p->p_exit_reason->osr_namespace);
+       ENCODE_OSR_CODE_TO_MACH_EXCEPTION_CODE(subcode, p->p_exit_reason->osr_code);
+       return (mach_exception_data_type_t)subcode;
+}
+
+static void
+populate_corpse_crashinfo(proc_t p, task_t corpse_task, struct rusage_superset *rup,
+    mach_exception_data_type_t code, mach_exception_data_type_t subcode,
+    uint64_t *udata_buffer, int num_udata, os_reason_t reason)
+{
+       mach_vm_address_t uaddr = 0;
+       mach_exception_data_type_t exc_codes[EXCEPTION_CODE_MAX];
+       exc_codes[0] = code;
+       exc_codes[1] = subcode;
+       cpu_type_t cputype;
+       struct proc_uniqidentifierinfo p_uniqidinfo;
+       struct proc_workqueueinfo pwqinfo;
+       int retval = 0;
+       uint64_t crashed_threadid = task_corpse_get_crashed_thread_id(corpse_task);
+       unsigned int pflags = 0;
+       uint64_t max_footprint_mb;
+       uint64_t max_footprint;
+
+       uint64_t ledger_internal;
+       uint64_t ledger_internal_compressed;
+       uint64_t ledger_iokit_mapped;
+       uint64_t ledger_alternate_accounting;
+       uint64_t ledger_alternate_accounting_compressed;
+       uint64_t ledger_purgeable_nonvolatile;
+       uint64_t ledger_purgeable_nonvolatile_compressed;
+       uint64_t ledger_page_table;
+       uint64_t ledger_phys_footprint;
+       uint64_t ledger_phys_footprint_lifetime_max;
+       uint64_t ledger_network_nonvolatile;
+       uint64_t ledger_network_nonvolatile_compressed;
+       uint64_t ledger_wired_mem;
+       uint64_t ledger_tagged_footprint;
+       uint64_t ledger_tagged_footprint_compressed;
+       uint64_t ledger_media_footprint;
+       uint64_t ledger_media_footprint_compressed;
+       uint64_t ledger_graphics_footprint;
+       uint64_t ledger_graphics_footprint_compressed;
+       uint64_t ledger_neural_footprint;
+       uint64_t ledger_neural_footprint_compressed;
+
+       void *crash_info_ptr = task_get_corpseinfo(corpse_task);
+
+#if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS
+       int memstat_dirty_flags = 0;
+#endif
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_EXCEPTION_CODES, sizeof(exc_codes), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, exc_codes, sizeof(exc_codes));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_PID, sizeof(p->p_pid), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->p_pid, sizeof(p->p_pid));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_PPID, sizeof(p->p_ppid), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->p_ppid, sizeof(p->p_ppid));
+       }
+
+       /* Don't include the crashed thread ID if there's an exit reason that indicates it's irrelevant */
+       if ((p->p_exit_reason == OS_REASON_NULL) || !(p->p_exit_reason->osr_flags & OS_REASON_FLAG_NO_CRASHED_TID)) {
+               if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_CRASHED_THREADID, sizeof(uint64_t), &uaddr)) {
+                       kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &crashed_threadid, sizeof(uint64_t));
+               }
+       }
+
+       static_assert(sizeof(struct proc_uniqidentifierinfo) == sizeof(struct crashinfo_proc_uniqidentifierinfo));
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS ==
+           kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_BSDINFOWITHUNIQID, sizeof(struct proc_uniqidentifierinfo), &uaddr)) {
+               proc_piduniqidentifierinfo(p, &p_uniqidinfo);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p_uniqidinfo, sizeof(struct proc_uniqidentifierinfo));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_RUSAGE_INFO, sizeof(rusage_info_current), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &rup->ri, sizeof(rusage_info_current));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_PROC_CSFLAGS, sizeof(p->p_csflags), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->p_csflags, sizeof(p->p_csflags));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_PROC_NAME, sizeof(p->p_comm), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->p_comm, sizeof(p->p_comm));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_PROC_STARTTIME, sizeof(p->p_start), &uaddr)) {
+               struct timeval64 t64;
+               t64.tv_sec = (int64_t)p->p_start.tv_sec;
+               t64.tv_usec = (int64_t)p->p_start.tv_usec;
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &t64, sizeof(t64));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_USERSTACK, sizeof(p->user_stack), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->user_stack, sizeof(p->user_stack));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_ARGSLEN, sizeof(p->p_argslen), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->p_argslen, sizeof(p->p_argslen));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_PROC_ARGC, sizeof(p->p_argc), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->p_argc, sizeof(p->p_argc));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_PROC_PATH, MAXPATHLEN, &uaddr)) {
+               char *buf = zalloc_flags(ZV_NAMEI, Z_WAITOK | Z_ZERO);
+               proc_pidpathinfo_internal(p, 0, buf, MAXPATHLEN, &retval);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, buf, MAXPATHLEN);
+               zfree(ZV_NAMEI, buf);
+       }
+
+       pflags = p->p_flag & (P_LP64 | P_SUGID | P_TRANSLATED);
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_PROC_FLAGS, sizeof(pflags), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &pflags, sizeof(pflags));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_UID, sizeof(p->p_uid), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->p_uid, sizeof(p->p_uid));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_GID, sizeof(p->p_gid), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->p_gid, sizeof(p->p_gid));
+       }
+
+       cputype = cpu_type() & ~CPU_ARCH_MASK;
+       if (IS_64BIT_PROCESS(p)) {
+               cputype |= CPU_ARCH_ABI64;
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_CPUTYPE, sizeof(cpu_type_t), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &cputype, sizeof(cpu_type_t));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_MEMORY_LIMIT, sizeof(max_footprint_mb), &uaddr)) {
+               max_footprint = get_task_phys_footprint_limit(p->task);
+               max_footprint_mb = max_footprint >> 20;
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &max_footprint_mb, sizeof(max_footprint_mb));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_PHYS_FOOTPRINT_LIFETIME_MAX, sizeof(ledger_phys_footprint_lifetime_max), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_phys_footprint_lifetime_max = get_task_phys_footprint_lifetime_max(p->task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_phys_footprint_lifetime_max, sizeof(ledger_phys_footprint_lifetime_max));
+       }
+
+       // In the forking case, the current ledger info is copied into the corpse while the original task is suspended for consistency
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_INTERNAL, sizeof(ledger_internal), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_internal = get_task_internal(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_internal, sizeof(ledger_internal));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED, sizeof(ledger_internal_compressed), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_internal_compressed = get_task_internal_compressed(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_internal_compressed, sizeof(ledger_internal_compressed));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_IOKIT_MAPPED, sizeof(ledger_iokit_mapped), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_iokit_mapped = get_task_iokit_mapped(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_iokit_mapped, sizeof(ledger_iokit_mapped));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_ALTERNATE_ACCOUNTING, sizeof(ledger_alternate_accounting), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_alternate_accounting = get_task_alternate_accounting(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_alternate_accounting, sizeof(ledger_alternate_accounting));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_ALTERNATE_ACCOUNTING_COMPRESSED, sizeof(ledger_alternate_accounting_compressed), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_alternate_accounting_compressed = get_task_alternate_accounting_compressed(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_alternate_accounting_compressed, sizeof(ledger_alternate_accounting_compressed));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_PURGEABLE_NONVOLATILE, sizeof(ledger_purgeable_nonvolatile), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_purgeable_nonvolatile = get_task_purgeable_nonvolatile(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_purgeable_nonvolatile, sizeof(ledger_purgeable_nonvolatile));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_PURGEABLE_NONVOLATILE_COMPRESSED, sizeof(ledger_purgeable_nonvolatile_compressed), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_purgeable_nonvolatile_compressed = get_task_purgeable_nonvolatile_compressed(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_purgeable_nonvolatile_compressed, sizeof(ledger_purgeable_nonvolatile_compressed));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_PAGE_TABLE, sizeof(ledger_page_table), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_page_table = get_task_page_table(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_page_table, sizeof(ledger_page_table));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_PHYS_FOOTPRINT, sizeof(ledger_phys_footprint), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_phys_footprint = get_task_phys_footprint(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_phys_footprint, sizeof(ledger_phys_footprint));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_NETWORK_NONVOLATILE, sizeof(ledger_network_nonvolatile), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_network_nonvolatile = get_task_network_nonvolatile(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_network_nonvolatile, sizeof(ledger_network_nonvolatile));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_NETWORK_NONVOLATILE_COMPRESSED, sizeof(ledger_network_nonvolatile_compressed), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_network_nonvolatile_compressed = get_task_network_nonvolatile_compressed(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_network_nonvolatile_compressed, sizeof(ledger_network_nonvolatile_compressed));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_WIRED_MEM, sizeof(ledger_wired_mem), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_wired_mem = get_task_wired_mem(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_wired_mem, sizeof(ledger_wired_mem));
+       }
+
+       bzero(&pwqinfo, sizeof(struct proc_workqueueinfo));
+       retval = fill_procworkqueue(p, &pwqinfo);
+       if (retval == 0) {
+               if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_WORKQUEUEINFO, sizeof(struct proc_workqueueinfo), &uaddr)) {
+                       kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &pwqinfo, sizeof(struct proc_workqueueinfo));
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_RESPONSIBLE_PID, sizeof(p->p_responsible_pid), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->p_responsible_pid, sizeof(p->p_responsible_pid));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_PROC_PERSONA_ID, sizeof(uid_t), &uaddr)) {
+               uid_t persona_id = proc_persona_id(p);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &persona_id, sizeof(persona_id));
+       }
+
+#if CONFIG_COALITIONS
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr_for_array(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_COALITION_ID, sizeof(uint64_t), COALITION_NUM_TYPES, &uaddr)) {
+               uint64_t coalition_ids[COALITION_NUM_TYPES];
+               task_coalition_ids(p->task, coalition_ids);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, coalition_ids, sizeof(coalition_ids));
+       }
+#endif /* CONFIG_COALITIONS */
+
+#if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS
+       memstat_dirty_flags = memorystatus_dirty_get(p, FALSE);
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_DIRTY_FLAGS, sizeof(memstat_dirty_flags), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &memstat_dirty_flags, sizeof(memstat_dirty_flags));
+       }
+#endif
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_MEMORY_LIMIT_INCREASE, sizeof(p->p_memlimit_increase), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->p_memlimit_increase, sizeof(p->p_memlimit_increase));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_TAGGED_FOOTPRINT, sizeof(ledger_tagged_footprint), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_tagged_footprint = get_task_tagged_footprint(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_tagged_footprint, sizeof(ledger_tagged_footprint));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_TAGGED_FOOTPRINT_COMPRESSED, sizeof(ledger_tagged_footprint_compressed), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_tagged_footprint_compressed = get_task_tagged_footprint_compressed(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_tagged_footprint_compressed, sizeof(ledger_tagged_footprint_compressed));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_MEDIA_FOOTPRINT, sizeof(ledger_media_footprint), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_media_footprint = get_task_media_footprint(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_media_footprint, sizeof(ledger_media_footprint));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_MEDIA_FOOTPRINT_COMPRESSED, sizeof(ledger_media_footprint_compressed), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_media_footprint_compressed = get_task_media_footprint_compressed(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_media_footprint_compressed, sizeof(ledger_media_footprint_compressed));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_GRAPHICS_FOOTPRINT, sizeof(ledger_graphics_footprint), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_graphics_footprint = get_task_graphics_footprint(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_graphics_footprint, sizeof(ledger_graphics_footprint));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_GRAPHICS_FOOTPRINT_COMPRESSED, sizeof(ledger_graphics_footprint_compressed), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_graphics_footprint_compressed = get_task_graphics_footprint_compressed(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_graphics_footprint_compressed, sizeof(ledger_graphics_footprint_compressed));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_NEURAL_FOOTPRINT, sizeof(ledger_neural_footprint), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_neural_footprint = get_task_neural_footprint(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_neural_footprint, sizeof(ledger_neural_footprint));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_LEDGER_NEURAL_FOOTPRINT_COMPRESSED, sizeof(ledger_neural_footprint_compressed), &uaddr)) {
+               ledger_neural_footprint_compressed = get_task_neural_footprint_compressed(corpse_task);
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ledger_neural_footprint_compressed, sizeof(ledger_neural_footprint_compressed));
+       }
+
+       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_MEMORYSTATUS_EFFECTIVE_PRIORITY, sizeof(p->p_memstat_effectivepriority), &uaddr)) {
+               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &p->p_memstat_effectivepriority, sizeof(p->p_memstat_effectivepriority));
+       }
+
+       if (p->p_exit_reason != OS_REASON_NULL && reason == OS_REASON_NULL) {
+               reason = p->p_exit_reason;
+       }
+       if (reason != OS_REASON_NULL) {
+               if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, EXIT_REASON_SNAPSHOT, sizeof(struct exit_reason_snapshot), &uaddr)) {
+                       struct exit_reason_snapshot ers = {
+                               .ers_namespace = reason->osr_namespace,
+                               .ers_code = reason->osr_code,
+                               .ers_flags = reason->osr_flags
+                       };
+
+                       kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, &ers, sizeof(ers));
+               }
+
+               if (reason->osr_kcd_buf != 0) {
+                       uint32_t reason_buf_size = (uint32_t)kcdata_memory_get_used_bytes(&reason->osr_kcd_descriptor);
+                       assert(reason_buf_size != 0);
+
+                       if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr(crash_info_ptr, KCDATA_TYPE_NESTED_KCDATA, reason_buf_size, &uaddr)) {
+                               kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, reason->osr_kcd_buf, reason_buf_size);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (num_udata > 0) {
+               if (KERN_SUCCESS == kcdata_get_memory_addr_for_array(crash_info_ptr, TASK_CRASHINFO_UDATA_PTRS,
+                   sizeof(uint64_t), num_udata, &uaddr)) {
+                       kcdata_memcpy(crash_info_ptr, uaddr, udata_buffer, sizeof(uint64_t) * num_udata);
+               }
        }
 }
 
+/*
+ * We only parse exit reason kcdata blobs for launchd when it dies
+ * and we're going to panic.
+ *
+ * Meant to be called immediately before panicking.
+ */
+char *
+launchd_exit_reason_get_string_desc(os_reason_t exit_reason)
+{
+       kcdata_iter_t iter;
+
+       if (exit_reason == OS_REASON_NULL || exit_reason->osr_kcd_buf == NULL ||
+           exit_reason->osr_bufsize == 0) {
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       iter = kcdata_iter(exit_reason->osr_kcd_buf, exit_reason->osr_bufsize);
+       if (!kcdata_iter_valid(iter)) {
+#if DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT
+               printf("launchd exit reason has invalid exit reason buffer\n");
+#endif
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       if (kcdata_iter_type(iter) != KCDATA_BUFFER_BEGIN_OS_REASON) {
+#if DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT
+               printf("launchd exit reason buffer type mismatch, expected %d got %d\n",
+                   KCDATA_BUFFER_BEGIN_OS_REASON, kcdata_iter_type(iter));
+#endif
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       iter = kcdata_iter_find_type(iter, EXIT_REASON_USER_DESC);
+       if (!kcdata_iter_valid(iter)) {
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       return (char *)kcdata_iter_payload(iter);
+}
+
+__abortlike
+static void
+launchd_crashed_panic(proc_t p, int rv)
+{
+       char *launchd_exit_reason_desc = launchd_exit_reason_get_string_desc(p->p_exit_reason);
+
+       if (p->p_exit_reason == OS_REASON_NULL) {
+               printf("pid 1 exited -- no exit reason available -- (signal %d, exit %d)\n",
+                   WTERMSIG(rv), WEXITSTATUS(rv));
+       } else {
+               printf("pid 1 exited -- exit reason namespace %d subcode 0x%llx, description %s\n",
+                   p->p_exit_reason->osr_namespace, p->p_exit_reason->osr_code, launchd_exit_reason_desc ?
+                   launchd_exit_reason_desc : "none");
+       }
+
+       const char *launchd_crashed_prefix_str;
+
+       if (strnstr(p->p_name, "preinit", sizeof(p->p_name))) {
+               launchd_crashed_prefix_str = "LTE preinit process exited";
+       } else {
+               launchd_crashed_prefix_str = "initproc exited";
+       }
+
+#if (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG) && CONFIG_COREDUMP
+       /*
+        * For debugging purposes, generate a core file of initproc before
+        * panicking. Leave at least 300 MB free on the root volume, and ignore
+        * the process's corefile ulimit. fsync() the file to ensure it lands on disk
+        * before the panic hits.
+        */
+
+       int             err;
+       uint64_t        coredump_start = mach_absolute_time();
+       uint64_t        coredump_end;
+       clock_sec_t     tv_sec;
+       clock_usec_t    tv_usec;
+       uint32_t        tv_msec;
+
+
+       err = coredump(p, 300, COREDUMP_IGNORE_ULIMIT | COREDUMP_FULLFSYNC);
+
+       coredump_end = mach_absolute_time();
+
+       absolutetime_to_microtime(coredump_end - coredump_start, &tv_sec, &tv_usec);
+
+       tv_msec = tv_usec / 1000;
+
+       if (err != 0) {
+               printf("Failed to generate initproc core file: error %d, took %d.%03d seconds\n",
+                   err, (uint32_t)tv_sec, tv_msec);
+       } else {
+               printf("Generated initproc core file in %d.%03d seconds\n",
+                   (uint32_t)tv_sec, tv_msec);
+       }
+#endif /* (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG) && CONFIG_COREDUMP */
+
+       sync(p, (void *)NULL, (int *)NULL);
+
+       if (p->p_exit_reason == OS_REASON_NULL) {
+               panic_with_options(0, NULL, DEBUGGER_OPTION_INITPROC_PANIC, "%s -- no exit reason available -- (signal %d, exit status %d %s)",
+                   launchd_crashed_prefix_str, WTERMSIG(rv), WEXITSTATUS(rv), ((p->p_csflags & CS_KILLED) ? "CS_KILLED" : ""));
+       } else {
+               panic_with_options(0, NULL, DEBUGGER_OPTION_INITPROC_PANIC, "%s %s -- exit reason namespace %d subcode 0x%llx description: %." LAUNCHD_PANIC_REASON_STRING_MAXLEN "s",
+                   ((p->p_csflags & CS_KILLED) ? "CS_KILLED" : ""),
+                   launchd_crashed_prefix_str, p->p_exit_reason->osr_namespace, p->p_exit_reason->osr_code,
+                   launchd_exit_reason_desc ? launchd_exit_reason_desc : "none");
+       }
+}
+
+#define OS_REASON_IFLAG_USER_FAULT 0x1
+
+#define OS_REASON_TOTAL_USER_FAULTS_PER_PROC  5
+
+static int
+abort_with_payload_internal(proc_t p,
+    uint32_t reason_namespace, uint64_t reason_code,
+    user_addr_t payload, uint32_t payload_size,
+    user_addr_t reason_string, uint64_t reason_flags,
+    uint32_t internal_flags)
+{
+       os_reason_t exit_reason = OS_REASON_NULL;
+       kern_return_t kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
+
+       if (internal_flags & OS_REASON_IFLAG_USER_FAULT) {
+               uint32_t old_value = atomic_load_explicit(&p->p_user_faults,
+                   memory_order_relaxed);
+               for (;;) {
+                       if (old_value >= OS_REASON_TOTAL_USER_FAULTS_PER_PROC) {
+                               return EQFULL;
+                       }
+                       // this reloads the value in old_value
+                       if (atomic_compare_exchange_strong_explicit(&p->p_user_faults,
+                           &old_value, old_value + 1, memory_order_relaxed,
+                           memory_order_relaxed)) {
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_CREATE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+           p->p_pid, reason_namespace,
+           reason_code, 0, 0);
+
+       exit_reason = build_userspace_exit_reason(reason_namespace, reason_code,
+           payload, payload_size, reason_string, reason_flags | OS_REASON_FLAG_ABORT);
+
+       if (internal_flags & OS_REASON_IFLAG_USER_FAULT) {
+               mach_exception_code_t code = 0;
+
+               EXC_GUARD_ENCODE_TYPE(code, GUARD_TYPE_USER); /* simulated EXC_GUARD */
+               EXC_GUARD_ENCODE_FLAVOR(code, 0);
+               EXC_GUARD_ENCODE_TARGET(code, reason_namespace);
+
+               if (exit_reason == OS_REASON_NULL) {
+                       kr = KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE;
+               } else {
+                       kr = task_violated_guard(code, reason_code, exit_reason);
+               }
+               os_reason_free(exit_reason);
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * We use SIGABRT (rather than calling exit directly from here) so that
+                * the debugger can catch abort_with_{reason,payload} calls.
+                */
+               psignal_try_thread_with_reason(p, current_thread(), SIGABRT, exit_reason);
+       }
+
+       switch (kr) {
+       case KERN_SUCCESS:
+               return 0;
+       case KERN_NOT_SUPPORTED:
+               return ENOTSUP;
+       case KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT:
+               return EINVAL;
+       case KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE:
+       default:
+               return EBUSY;
+       }
+}
+
+int
+abort_with_payload(struct proc *cur_proc, struct abort_with_payload_args *args,
+    __unused void *retval)
+{
+       abort_with_payload_internal(cur_proc, args->reason_namespace,
+           args->reason_code, args->payload, args->payload_size,
+           args->reason_string, args->reason_flags, 0);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int
+os_fault_with_payload(struct proc *cur_proc,
+    struct os_fault_with_payload_args *args, __unused int *retval)
+{
+       return abort_with_payload_internal(cur_proc, args->reason_namespace,
+                  args->reason_code, args->payload, args->payload_size,
+                  args->reason_string, args->reason_flags, OS_REASON_IFLAG_USER_FAULT);
+}
+
+
 /*
  * exit --
  *     Death of process.
  */
+__attribute__((noreturn))
 void
 exit(proc_t p, struct exit_args *uap, int *retval)
 {
-       exit1(p, W_EXITCODE(uap->rval, 0), retval);
+       p->p_xhighbits = ((uint32_t)(uap->rval) & 0xFF000000) >> 24;
+       exit1(p, W_EXITCODE((uint32_t)uap->rval, 0), retval);
 
        thread_exception_return();
        /* NOTREACHED */
-       while (TRUE)
+       while (TRUE) {
                thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
+       }
        /* NOTREACHED */
 }
 
@@ -251,7 +860,17 @@ exit1(proc_t p, int rv, int *retval)
 
 int
 exit1_internal(proc_t p, int rv, int *retval, boolean_t thread_can_terminate, boolean_t perf_notify,
-              int jetsam_flags)
+    int jetsam_flags)
+{
+       return exit_with_reason(p, rv, retval, thread_can_terminate, perf_notify, jetsam_flags, OS_REASON_NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * NOTE: exit_with_reason drops a reference on the passed exit_reason
+ */
+int
+exit_with_reason(proc_t p, int rv, int *retval, boolean_t thread_can_terminate, boolean_t perf_notify,
+    int jetsam_flags, struct os_reason *exit_reason)
 {
        thread_t self = current_thread();
        struct task *task = p->task;
@@ -264,69 +883,81 @@ exit1_internal(proc_t p, int rv, int *retval, boolean_t thread_can_terminate, bo
         * right here.
         */
 
-        ut = get_bsdthread_info(self);
-        if (ut->uu_flag & UT_VFORK) {
+       ut = get_bsdthread_info(self);
+       if ((p == current_proc()) &&
+           (ut->uu_flag & UT_VFORK)) {
+               os_reason_free(exit_reason);
                if (!thread_can_terminate) {
                        return EINVAL;
                }
 
                vfork_exit(p, rv);
-               vfork_return(p , retval, p->p_pid);
+               vfork_return(p, retval, p->p_pid);
                unix_syscall_return(0);
                /* NOT REACHED */
-        }
+       }
 
-       /* 
+       /*
         * The parameter list of audit_syscall_exit() was augmented to
         * take the Darwin syscall number as the first parameter,
         * which is currently required by mac_audit_postselect().
         */
 
-       /* 
+       /*
         * The BSM token contains two components: an exit status as passed
-        * to exit(), and a return value to indicate what sort of exit it 
+        * to exit(), and a return value to indicate what sort of exit it
         * was.  The exit status is WEXITSTATUS(rv), but it's not clear
-        * what the return value is.
+        * what the return value is.
         */
        AUDIT_ARG(exit, WEXITSTATUS(rv), 0);
+       /*
+        * TODO: what to audit here when jetsam calls exit and the uthread,
+        * 'ut' does not belong to the proc, 'p'.
+        */
        AUDIT_SYSCALL_EXIT(SYS_exit, p, ut, 0); /* Exit is always successfull */
 
        DTRACE_PROC1(exit, int, CLD_EXITED);
 
        /* mark process is going to exit and pull out of DBG/disk throttle */
        /* TODO: This should be done after becoming exit thread */
-       proc_set_task_policy(p->task, THREAD_NULL, TASK_POLICY_ATTRIBUTE,
-                            TASK_POLICY_TERMINATED, TASK_POLICY_ENABLE);
+       proc_set_task_policy(p->task, TASK_POLICY_ATTRIBUTE,
+           TASK_POLICY_TERMINATED, TASK_POLICY_ENABLE);
 
-        proc_lock(p);
-       error = proc_transstart(p, 1, ((jetsam_flags & P_JETSAM_VNODE) ? 1 : 0));
+       proc_lock(p);
+       error = proc_transstart(p, 1, (jetsam_flags ? 1 : 0));
        if (error == EDEADLK) {
-               /* Temp: If deadlock error, then it implies multithreaded exec is
-                * in progress. Instread of letting exit continue and 
-                * corrupting the freed memory, let the exit thread
-                * return. This will save corruption in remote case.
+               /*
+                * If proc_transstart() returns EDEADLK, then another thread
+                * is either exec'ing or exiting. Return an error and allow
+                * the other thread to continue.
                 */
                proc_unlock(p);
-               if (current_proc() == p){
-                       if (p->exit_thread == self)
+               os_reason_free(exit_reason);
+               if (current_proc() == p) {
+                       if (p->exit_thread == self) {
                                printf("exit_thread failed to exit, leaving process %s[%d] in unkillable limbo\n",
-                                      p->p_comm, p->p_pid);
-                       thread_exception_return();
-               } else {
-                       /* external termination like jetsam */
-                       return(error);
+                                   p->p_comm, p->p_pid);
+                       }
+
+                       if (thread_can_terminate) {
+                               thread_exception_return();
+                       }
                }
+
+               return error;
        }
 
        while (p->exit_thread != self) {
                if (sig_try_locked(p) <= 0) {
                        proc_transend(p, 1);
+                       os_reason_free(exit_reason);
+
                        if (get_threadtask(self) != task) {
                                proc_unlock(p);
-                               return(0);
-                        }
+                               return 0;
+                       }
                        proc_unlock(p);
-                       
+
                        thread_terminate(self);
                        if (!thread_can_terminate) {
                                return 0;
@@ -337,32 +968,16 @@ exit1_internal(proc_t p, int rv, int *retval, boolean_t thread_can_terminate, bo
                }
                sig_lock_to_exit(p);
        }
-       if (p == initproc && current_proc() == p) {
-               proc_unlock(p);
-               printf("pid 1 exited (signal %d, exit %d)",
-                   WTERMSIG(rv), WEXITSTATUS(rv));
-#if (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG)
-               int err;
-               /*
-                * For debugging purposes, generate a core file of initproc before
-                * panicking. Leave at least 300 MB free on the root volume, and ignore
-                * the process's corefile ulimit.
-                */
-               if ((err = coredump(p, 300, 1)) != 0) {
-                       printf("Failed to generate initproc core file: error %d", err);
-               } else {
-                       printf("Generated initproc core file");
-                       sync(p, (void *)NULL, (int *)NULL);
-               }
-#endif
-               init_task_died = TRUE;
-               panic("%s died\nState at Last Exception:\n\n%s", 
-                                                       (p->p_comm[0] != '\0' ?
-                                                               p->p_comm :
-                                                               "launchd"),
-                                                       init_task_failure_data);
+
+       if (exit_reason != OS_REASON_NULL) {
+               KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXITREASON_COMMIT) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
+                   p->p_pid, exit_reason->osr_namespace,
+                   exit_reason->osr_code, 0, 0);
        }
 
+       assert(p->p_exit_reason == OS_REASON_NULL);
+       p->p_exit_reason = exit_reason;
+
        p->p_lflag |= P_LEXIT;
        p->p_xstat = rv;
        p->p_lflag |= jetsam_flags;
@@ -375,39 +990,85 @@ exit1_internal(proc_t p, int rv, int *retval, boolean_t thread_can_terminate, bo
        /* Last thread to terminate will call proc_exit() */
        task_terminate_internal(task);
 
-       return(0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
+#if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS
+/*
+ * Remove this process from jetsam bands for freezing or exiting. Note this will block, if the process
+ * is currently being frozen.
+ * The proc_list_lock is held by the caller.
+ * NB: If the process should be ineligible for future freezing or jetsaming the caller should first set
+ * the p_listflag P_LIST_EXITED bit.
+ */
+static void
+proc_memorystatus_remove(proc_t p)
+{
+       LCK_MTX_ASSERT(proc_list_mlock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
+       while (memorystatus_remove(p) == EAGAIN) {
+               os_log(OS_LOG_DEFAULT, "memorystatus_remove: Process[%d] tried to exit while being frozen. Blocking exit until freeze completes.", p->p_pid);
+               msleep(&p->p_memstat_state, proc_list_mlock, PWAIT, "proc_memorystatus_remove", NULL);
+       }
+}
+#endif
+
 void
-proc_prepareexit(proc_t p, int rv, boolean_t perf_notify) 
+proc_prepareexit(proc_t p, int rv, boolean_t perf_notify)
 {
-       mach_exception_data_type_t code, subcode;
+       mach_exception_data_type_t code = 0, subcode = 0;
+
        struct uthread *ut;
        thread_t self = current_thread();
        ut = get_bsdthread_info(self);
        struct rusage_superset *rup;
+       int kr = 0;
+       int create_corpse = FALSE;
 
-       /* If a core should be generated, notify crash reporter */
-       if (hassigprop(WTERMSIG(rv), SA_CORE) || ((p->p_csflags & CS_KILLED) != 0)) {
-               /* 
+       if (p == initproc) {
+               launchd_crashed_panic(p, rv);
+               /* NOTREACHED */
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Generate a corefile/crashlog if:
+        *      The process doesn't have an exit reason that indicates no crash report should be created
+        *      AND any of the following are true:
+        *      - The process was terminated due to a fatal signal that generates a core
+        *      - The process was killed due to a code signing violation
+        *      - The process has an exit reason that indicates we should generate a crash report
+        *
+        * The first condition is necessary because abort_with_reason()/payload() use SIGABRT
+        * (which normally triggers a core) but may indicate that no crash report should be created.
+        */
+       if (!(PROC_HAS_EXITREASON(p) && (PROC_EXITREASON_FLAGS(p) & OS_REASON_FLAG_NO_CRASH_REPORT)) &&
+           (hassigprop(WTERMSIG(rv), SA_CORE) || ((p->p_csflags & CS_KILLED) != 0) ||
+           (PROC_HAS_EXITREASON(p) && (PROC_EXITREASON_FLAGS(p) &
+           OS_REASON_FLAG_GENERATE_CRASH_REPORT)))) {
+               /*
                 * Workaround for processes checking up on PT_DENY_ATTACH:
                 * should be backed out post-Leopard (details in 5431025).
                 */
-               if ((SIGSEGV == WTERMSIG(rv)) && 
-                               (p->p_pptr->p_lflag & P_LNOATTACH)) {
+               if ((SIGSEGV == WTERMSIG(rv)) &&
+                   (p->p_pptr->p_lflag & P_LNOATTACH)) {
                        goto skipcheck;
                }
 
                /*
                 * Crash Reporter looks for the signal value, original exception
-                * type, and low 20 bits of the original code in code[0] 
-                * (8, 4, and 20 bits respectively). code[1] is unmodified. 
+                * type, and low 20 bits of the original code in code[0]
+                * (8, 4, and 20 bits respectively). code[1] is unmodified.
                 */
                code = ((WTERMSIG(rv) & 0xff) << 24) |
-                       ((ut->uu_exception & 0x0f) << 20) | 
-                       ((int)ut->uu_code & 0xfffff);
+                   ((ut->uu_exception & 0x0f) << 20) |
+                   ((int)ut->uu_code & 0xfffff);
                subcode = ut->uu_subcode;
-               (void) task_exception_notify(EXC_CRASH, code, subcode);
+
+               kr = task_exception_notify(EXC_CRASH, code, subcode);
+
+               /* Nobody handled EXC_CRASH?? remember to make corpse */
+               if (kr != 0) {
+                       create_corpse = TRUE;
+               }
        }
 
 skipcheck:
@@ -416,6 +1077,22 @@ skipcheck:
                (void)sys_perf_notify(self, p->p_pid);
        }
 
+
+       /* stash the usage into corpse data if making_corpse == true */
+       if (create_corpse == TRUE) {
+               kr = task_mark_corpse(p->task);
+               if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+                       if (kr == KERN_NO_SPACE) {
+                               printf("Process[%d] has no vm space for corpse info.\n", p->p_pid);
+                       } else if (kr == KERN_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
+                               printf("Process[%d] was destined to be corpse. But corpse is disabled by config.\n", p->p_pid);
+                       } else {
+                               printf("Process[%d] crashed: %s. Too many corpses being created.\n", p->p_pid, p->p_comm);
+                       }
+                       create_corpse = FALSE;
+               }
+       }
+
        /*
         * Before this process becomes a zombie, stash resource usage
         * stats in the proc for external observers to query
@@ -423,20 +1100,40 @@ skipcheck:
         *
         * If the zombie allocation fails, just punt the stats.
         */
-       MALLOC_ZONE(rup, struct rusage_superset *,
-                       sizeof (*rup), M_ZOMBIE, M_WAITOK);
-       if (rup != NULL) {
-               gather_rusage_info(p, &rup->ri, RUSAGE_INFO_CURRENT);
-               rup->ri.ri_phys_footprint = 0;
-               rup->ri.ri_proc_exit_abstime = mach_absolute_time();
+       rup = zalloc(zombie_zone);
+       gather_rusage_info(p, &rup->ri, RUSAGE_INFO_CURRENT);
+       rup->ri.ri_phys_footprint = 0;
+       rup->ri.ri_proc_exit_abstime = mach_absolute_time();
+       /*
+        * Make the rusage_info visible to external observers
+        * only after it has been completely filled in.
+        */
+       p->p_ru = rup;
+
+       if (create_corpse) {
+               int est_knotes = 0, num_knotes = 0;
+               uint64_t *buffer = NULL;
+               uint32_t buf_size = 0;
+
+               /* Get all the udata pointers from kqueue */
+               est_knotes = kevent_proc_copy_uptrs(p, NULL, 0);
+               if (est_knotes > 0) {
+                       buf_size = (uint32_t)((est_knotes + 32) * sizeof(uint64_t));
+                       buffer = kheap_alloc(KHEAP_TEMP, buf_size, Z_WAITOK);
+                       num_knotes = kevent_proc_copy_uptrs(p, buffer, buf_size);
+                       if (num_knotes > est_knotes + 32) {
+                               num_knotes = est_knotes + 32;
+                       }
+               }
 
-               /*
-                * Make the rusage_info visible to external observers
-                * only after it has been completely filled in.
-                */
-               p->p_ru = rup;
+               /* Update the code, subcode based on exit reason */
+               proc_update_corpse_exception_codes(p, &code, &subcode);
+               populate_corpse_crashinfo(p, p->task, rup,
+                   code, subcode, buffer, num_knotes, NULL);
+               if (buffer != NULL) {
+                       kheap_free(KHEAP_TEMP, buffer, buf_size);
+               }
        }
-
        /*
         * Remove proc from allproc queue and from pidhash chain.
         * Need to do this before we do anything that can block.
@@ -447,17 +1144,16 @@ skipcheck:
        proc_list_lock();
 
 #if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS
-       memorystatus_remove(p, TRUE);
+       proc_memorystatus_remove(p);
 #endif
 
        LIST_REMOVE(p, p_list);
-       LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&zombproc, p, p_list); /* Place onto zombproc. */
+       LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&zombproc, p, p_list); /* Place onto zombproc. */
        /* will not be visible via proc_find */
        p->p_listflag |= P_LIST_EXITED;
 
        proc_list_unlock();
 
-
 #ifdef PGINPROF
        vmsizmon();
 #endif
@@ -472,7 +1168,7 @@ skipcheck:
        proc_unlock(p);
 }
 
-void 
+void
 proc_exit(proc_t p)
 {
        proc_t q;
@@ -490,7 +1186,7 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
 
        proc_lock(p);
        proc_transstart(p, 1, 0);
-       if!(p->p_lflag & P_LEXIT)) {
+       if (!(p->p_lflag & P_LEXIT)) {
                /*
                 * This can happen if a thread_terminate() occurs
                 * in a single-threaded process.
@@ -498,7 +1194,7 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                p->p_lflag |= P_LEXIT;
                proc_transend(p, 1);
                proc_unlock(p);
-               proc_prepareexit(p, 0, TRUE);   
+               proc_prepareexit(p, 0, TRUE);
                (void) task_terminate_internal(task);
                proc_lock(p);
        } else {
@@ -514,68 +1210,34 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
         */
        if ((p->p_lflag & P_LINSIGNAL) || (p->p_sigwaitcnt > 0)) {
                p->p_sigwaitcnt++;
-               while ((p->p_lflag & P_LINSIGNAL) || (p->p_sigwaitcnt > 1)) 
+               while ((p->p_lflag & P_LINSIGNAL) || (p->p_sigwaitcnt > 1)) {
                        msleep(&p->p_sigmask, &p->p_mlock, PWAIT, "proc_sigdrain", NULL);
+               }
                p->p_sigwaitcnt--;
        }
 
        proc_unlock(p);
-       pid = p->p_pid;
-       exitval = p->p_xstat;
-       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_COMMON, 
-               BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXIT) | DBG_FUNC_START,
-               pid, exitval, 0, 0, 0);
-
-#if CONFIG_DTRACE
-       /*
-        * Free any outstanding lazy dof entries. It is imperative we
-        * always call dtrace_lazy_dofs_destroy, rather than null check
-        * and call if !NULL. If we NULL test, during lazy dof faulting
-        * we can race with the faulting code and proceed from here to
-        * beyond the helpers cleanup. The lazy dof faulting will then
-        * install new helpers which will never be cleaned up, and leak.
-        */
-       dtrace_lazy_dofs_destroy(p);
-
-       /*
-        * Clean up any DTrace helper actions or probes for the process.
-        */
-       if (p->p_dtrace_helpers != NULL) {
-               (*dtrace_helpers_cleanup)(p);
-       }
-
-       /*
-        * Clean up any DTrace probes associated with this process.
-        */
-       /*
-        * APPLE NOTE: We release ptss pages/entries in dtrace_fasttrap_exit_ptr(),
-        * call this after dtrace_helpers_cleanup()
-        */
-       proc_lock(p);
-       if (p->p_dtrace_probes && dtrace_fasttrap_exit_ptr) {
-               (*dtrace_fasttrap_exit_ptr)(p);
-       }
-       proc_unlock(p);
-#endif
-
-       nspace_proc_exit(p);
+       pid = p->p_pid;
+       exitval = p->p_xstat;
+       KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_COMMON,
+           BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXIT) | DBG_FUNC_START,
+           pid, exitval, 0, 0, 0);
 
-#if VM_PRESSURE_EVENTS
-       vm_pressure_proc_cleanup(p);
+#if CONFIG_DTRACE
+       dtrace_proc_exit(p);
 #endif
 
        /*
         * need to cancel async IO requests that can be cancelled and wait for those
         * already active.  MAY BLOCK!
         */
-       
+
        proc_refdrain(p);
 
        /* if any pending cpu limits action, clear it */
        task_clear_cpuusage(p->task, TRUE);
 
-       workqueue_mark_exiting(p);
-       workqueue_exit(p);
+       workq_mark_exiting(p);
 
        _aio_exit( p );
 
@@ -585,8 +1247,14 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
         */
        fdfree(p);
 
+       /*
+        * Once all the knotes, kqueues & workloops are destroyed, get rid of the
+        * workqueue.
+        */
+       workq_exit(p);
+
        if (uth->uu_lowpri_window) {
-               /*
+               /*
                 * task is marked as a low priority I/O type
                 * and the I/O we issued while in flushing files on close
                 * collided with normal I/O operations...
@@ -596,23 +1264,31 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                throttle_lowpri_io(0);
        }
 
+       if (p->p_lflag & P_LNSPACE_RESOLVER) {
+               /*
+                * The namespace resolver is exiting; there may be
+                * outstanding materialization requests to clean up.
+                */
+               nspace_resolver_exited(p);
+       }
+
 #if SYSV_SHM
        /* Close ref SYSV Shared memory*/
-       if (p->vm_shm)
+       if (p->vm_shm) {
                shmexit(p);
+       }
 #endif
 #if SYSV_SEM
        /* Release SYSV semaphores */
        semexit(p);
 #endif
-       
+
 #if PSYNCH
        pth_proc_hashdelete(p);
 #endif /* PSYNCH */
 
        sessp = proc_session(p);
        if (SESS_LEADER(p, sessp)) {
-
                if (sessp->s_ttyvp != NULLVP) {
                        struct vnode *ttyvp;
                        int ttyvid;
@@ -631,17 +1307,6 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                        if ((tp != TTY_NULL) && (tp->t_session == sessp)) {
                                session_unlock(sessp);
 
-                               /*
-                                * We're going to SIGHUP the foreground process
-                                * group. It can't change from this point on
-                                * until the revoke is complete.
-                                * The process group changes under both the tty
-                                * lock and proc_list_lock but we need only one
-                                */
-                               tty_lock(tp);
-                               ttysetpgrphup(tp);
-                               tty_unlock(tp);
-
                                tty_pgsignal(tp, SIGHUP, 1);
 
                                session_lock(sessp);
@@ -663,7 +1328,8 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                                        (void) ttywait(tp);
                                        tty_unlock(tp);
                                }
-                               context.vc_thread = proc_thread(p); /* XXX */
+
+                               context.vc_thread = NULL;
                                context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_proc_ref(p);
                                VNOP_REVOKE(ttyvp, REVOKEALL, &context);
                                if (cttyflag) {
@@ -681,14 +1347,6 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                                ttyvp = NULLVP;
                        }
                        if (tp) {
-                               /*
-                                * This is cleared even if not set. This is also done in
-                                * spec_close to ensure that the flag is cleared.
-                                */
-                               tty_lock(tp);
-                               ttyclrpgrphup(tp);
-                               tty_unlock(tp);
-
                                ttyfree(tp);
                        }
                }
@@ -702,7 +1360,13 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
        fixjobc(p, pg, 0);
        pg_rele(pg);
 
-       p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_FSIZE].rlim_cur = RLIM_INFINITY;
+       /*
+        * Change RLIMIT_FSIZE for accounting/debugging. proc_limitsetcur_internal() will COW the current plimit
+        * before making changes if the current plimit is shared. The COW'ed plimit will be freed
+        * below by calling proc_limitdrop().
+        */
+       proc_limitsetcur_internal(p, RLIMIT_FSIZE, RLIM_INFINITY);
+
        (void)acct_process(p);
 
        proc_list_lock();
@@ -710,8 +1374,9 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
        if ((p->p_listflag & P_LIST_EXITCOUNT) == P_LIST_EXITCOUNT) {
                p->p_listflag &= ~P_LIST_EXITCOUNT;
                proc_shutdown_exitcount--;
-               if (proc_shutdown_exitcount == 0)
+               if (proc_shutdown_exitcount == 0) {
                        wakeup(&proc_shutdown_exitcount);
+               }
        }
 
        /* wait till parentrefs are dropped and grant no more */
@@ -719,8 +1384,9 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
        while ((q = p->p_children.lh_first) != NULL) {
                int reparentedtoinit = (q->p_listflag & P_LIST_DEADPARENT) ? 1 : 0;
                if (q->p_stat == SZOMB) {
-                       if (p != q->p_pptr)
+                       if (p != q->p_pptr) {
                                panic("parent child linkage broken");
+                       }
                        /* check for sysctl zomb lookup */
                        while ((q->p_listflag & P_LIST_WAITING) == P_LIST_WAITING) {
                                msleep(&q->p_stat, proc_list_mlock, PWAIT, "waitcoll", 0);
@@ -732,15 +1398,15 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                         * the reference here exclusively and their can be
                         * no waiters. So there is no need for a wakeup
                         * after we are done.  Also the reap frees the structure
-                        * and the proc struct cannot be used for wakeups as well. 
+                        * and the proc struct cannot be used for wakeups as well.
                         * It is safe to use q here as this is system reap
                         */
                        (void)reap_child_locked(p, q, 1, reparentedtoinit, 1, 0);
                } else {
                        /*
-                       * Traced processes are killed
-                       * since their existence means someone is messing up.
-                       */
+                        * Traced processes are killed
+                        * since their existence means someone is messing up.
+                        */
                        if (q->p_lflag & P_LTRACED) {
                                struct proc *opp;
 
@@ -750,8 +1416,9 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                                 * the time we drop the list_lock and attempt
                                 * to acquire its proc_lock.
                                 */
-                               if (proc_ref_locked(q) != q)
+                               if (proc_ref_locked(q) != q) {
                                        continue;
+                               }
 
                                proc_list_unlock();
 
@@ -779,15 +1446,15 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
 
                                        proc_unlock(q);
                                        /*
-                                       * The sigwait_thread could be stopped at a
-                                       * breakpoint. Wake it up to kill.
-                                       * Need to do this as it could be a thread which is not
-                                       * the first thread in the task. So any attempts to kill
-                                       * the process would result into a deadlock on q->sigwait.
-                                       */
+                                        * The sigwait_thread could be stopped at a
+                                        * breakpoint. Wake it up to kill.
+                                        * Need to do this as it could be a thread which is not
+                                        * the first thread in the task. So any attempts to kill
+                                        * the process would result into a deadlock on q->sigwait.
+                                        */
                                        thread_resume(thread);
                                        clear_wait(thread, THREAD_INTERRUPTED);
-                                       threadsignal(thread, SIGKILL, 0);
+                                       threadsignal(thread, SIGKILL, 0, TRUE);
                                } else {
                                        proc_unlock(q);
                                }
@@ -805,6 +1472,15 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
        proc_childdrainend(p);
        proc_list_unlock();
 
+#if CONFIG_MACF
+       /*
+        * Notify MAC policies that proc is dead.
+        * This should be replaced with proper label management
+        * (rdar://problem/32126399).
+        */
+       mac_proc_notify_exit(p);
+#endif
+
        /*
         * Release reference to text vnode
         */
@@ -820,10 +1496,10 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
         * structure, this information is lost.
         */
        if (p->p_ru != NULL) {
-           calcru(p, &p->p_stats->p_ru.ru_utime, &p->p_stats->p_ru.ru_stime, NULL);
-           p->p_ru->ru = p->p_stats->p_ru;
+               calcru(p, &p->p_stats->p_ru.ru_utime, &p->p_stats->p_ru.ru_stime, NULL);
+               p->p_ru->ru = p->p_stats->p_ru;
 
-           ruadd(&(p->p_ru->ru), &p->p_stats->p_cru);
+               ruadd(&(p->p_ru->ru), &p->p_stats->p_cru);
        }
 
        /*
@@ -842,35 +1518,18 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                }
        }
 
-       proc_spinlock(p);
-       if (thread_call_cancel(p->p_rcall))
-               p->p_ractive--;
-
-       while (p->p_ractive > 0) {
-               proc_spinunlock(p);
-               
-               delay(1);
-
-               proc_spinlock(p);
-       }
-       proc_spinunlock(p);
-
-       thread_call_free(p->p_rcall);
-       p->p_rcall = NULL;
+       proc_free_realitimer(p);
 
        /*
         * Other substructures are freed from wait().
         */
-       FREE_ZONE(p->p_stats, sizeof *p->p_stats, M_PSTATS);
+       zfree(proc_stats_zone, p->p_stats);
        p->p_stats = NULL;
 
-       FREE_ZONE(p->p_sigacts, sizeof *p->p_sigacts, M_SIGACTS);
+       zfree(proc_sigacts_zone, p->p_sigacts);
        p->p_sigacts = NULL;
 
-       proc_limitdrop(p, 1);
-       p->p_limit = NULL;
-
-       vm_purgeable_disown(p->task);
+       proc_limitdrop(p);
 
        /*
         * Finish up by terminating the task
@@ -892,29 +1551,28 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
         */
        pp = proc_parent(p);
        if (pp->p_flag & P_NOCLDWAIT) {
-
                if (p->p_ru != NULL) {
                        proc_lock(pp);
 #if 3839178
-               /*
-                * If the parent is ignoring SIGCHLD, then POSIX requires
-                * us to not add the resource usage to the parent process -
-                * we are only going to hand it off to init to get reaped.
-                * We should contest the standard in this case on the basis
-                * of RLIMIT_CPU.
-                */
-#else  /* !3839178 */
-               /*
-                * Add child resource usage to parent before giving
-                * zombie to init.  If we were unable to allocate a
-                * zombie structure, this information is lost.
-                */
+                       /*
+                        * If the parent is ignoring SIGCHLD, then POSIX requires
+                        * us to not add the resource usage to the parent process -
+                        * we are only going to hand it off to init to get reaped.
+                        * We should contest the standard in this case on the basis
+                        * of RLIMIT_CPU.
+                        */
+#else   /* !3839178 */
+                       /*
+                        * Add child resource usage to parent before giving
+                        * zombie to init.  If we were unable to allocate a
+                        * zombie structure, this information is lost.
+                        */
                        ruadd(&pp->p_stats->p_cru, &p->p_ru->ru);
-#endif /* !3839178 */
+#endif  /* !3839178 */
                        update_rusage_info_child(&pp->p_stats->ri_child, &p->p_ru->ri);
                        proc_unlock(pp);
                }
-               
+
                /* kernel can reap this one, no need to move it to launchd */
                proc_list_lock();
                p->p_listflag |= P_LIST_DEADPARENT;
@@ -924,6 +1582,8 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                if (pp != initproc) {
                        proc_lock(pp);
                        pp->si_pid = p->p_pid;
+                       pp->p_xhighbits = p->p_xhighbits;
+                       p->p_xhighbits = 0;
                        pp->si_status = p->p_xstat;
                        pp->si_code = CLD_EXITED;
                        /*
@@ -939,17 +1599,18 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                 * The write is to an int and is coherent. Also parent is
                 *  keyed off of list lock for reaping
                 */
+               DTRACE_PROC2(exited, proc_t, p, int, exitval);
                KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_COMMON,
-                       BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXIT) | DBG_FUNC_END,
-                       pid, exitval, 0, 0, 0);
+                   BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXIT) | DBG_FUNC_END,
+                   pid, exitval, 0, 0, 0);
                p->p_stat = SZOMB;
-               /* 
+               /*
                 * The current process can be reaped so, no one
                 * can depend on this
                 */
 
                psignal(pp, SIGCHLD);
-       
+
                /* and now wakeup the parent */
                proc_list_lock();
                wakeup((caddr_t)pp);
@@ -962,10 +1623,11 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                 * The write is to an int and is coherent. Also parent is
                 *  keyed off of list lock for reaping
                 */
+               DTRACE_PROC2(exited, proc_t, p, int, exitval);
                proc_list_lock();
                KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT_IST(KDEBUG_COMMON,
-                       BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXIT) | DBG_FUNC_END,
-                       pid, exitval, 0, 0, 0);
+                   BSDDBG_CODE(DBG_BSD_PROC, BSD_PROC_EXIT) | DBG_FUNC_END,
+                   pid, exitval, 0, 0, 0);
                /* check for sysctl zomb lookup */
                while ((p->p_listflag & P_LIST_WAITING) == P_LIST_WAITING) {
                        msleep(&p->p_stat, proc_list_mlock, PWAIT, "waitcoll", 0);
@@ -980,14 +1642,14 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
                 * the reference here exclusively and their can be
                 * no waiters. So there is no need for a wakeup
                 * after we are done. AlsO  the reap frees the structure
-                * and the proc struct cannot be used for wakeups as well. 
+                * and the proc struct cannot be used for wakeups as well.
                 * It is safe to use p here as this is system reap
                 */
                (void)reap_child_locked(pp, p, 1, 0, 1, 1);
                /* list lock dropped by reap_child_locked */
        }
        if (uth->uu_lowpri_window) {
-               /*
+               /*
                 * task is marked as a low priority I/O type and we've
                 * somehow picked up another throttle during exit processing...
                 * no need to throttle this thread since its going away
@@ -997,7 +1659,6 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
        }
 
        proc_rele(pp);
-
 }
 
 
@@ -1020,20 +1681,21 @@ proc_exit(proc_t p)
 static int
 reap_child_locked(proc_t parent, proc_t child, int deadparent, int reparentedtoinit, int locked, int droplock)
 {
-       proc_t trace_parent = PROC_NULL;        /* Traced parent process, if tracing */
+       proc_t trace_parent = PROC_NULL;        /* Traced parent process, if tracing */
 
-       if (locked == 1)
+       if (locked == 1) {
                proc_list_unlock();
-       
+       }
+
        /*
         * If we got the child via a ptrace 'attach',
         * we need to give it back to the old parent.
         *
         * Exception: someone who has been reparented to launchd before being
         * ptraced can simply be reaped, refer to radar 5677288
-        *      p_oppid                  -> ptraced
-        *      trace_parent == initproc -> away from launchd
-        *      reparentedtoinit         -> came to launchd by reparenting
+        *      p_oppid                  -> ptraced
+        *      trace_parent == initproc -> away from launchd
+        *      reparentedtoinit         -> came to launchd by reparenting
         */
        if (child->p_oppid) {
                int knote_hint;
@@ -1046,13 +1708,12 @@ reap_child_locked(proc_t parent, proc_t child, int deadparent, int reparentedtoi
                proc_unlock(child);
 
                if ((trace_parent = proc_find(oppid))
-                       && !((trace_parent == initproc) && reparentedtoinit)) {
-                               
+                   && !((trace_parent == initproc) && reparentedtoinit)) {
                        if (trace_parent != initproc) {
-                               /* 
-                                * proc internal fileds  and p_ucred usage safe 
-                                * here as child is dead and is not reaped or 
-                                * reparented yet 
+                               /*
+                                * proc internal fileds  and p_ucred usage safe
+                                * here as child is dead and is not reaped or
+                                * reparented yet
                                 */
                                proc_lock(trace_parent);
                                trace_parent->si_pid = child->p_pid;
@@ -1062,10 +1723,10 @@ reap_child_locked(proc_t parent, proc_t child, int deadparent, int reparentedtoi
                                proc_unlock(trace_parent);
                        }
                        proc_reparentlocked(child, trace_parent, 1, 0);
-                       
+
                        /* resend knote to original parent (and others) after reparenting */
                        proc_knote(child, knote_hint);
-                       
+
                        psignal(trace_parent, SIGCHLD);
                        proc_list_lock();
                        wakeup((caddr_t)trace_parent);
@@ -1073,9 +1734,10 @@ reap_child_locked(proc_t parent, proc_t child, int deadparent, int reparentedtoi
                        wakeup(&child->p_stat);
                        proc_list_unlock();
                        proc_rele(trace_parent);
-                       if ((locked == 1) && (droplock == 0))
+                       if ((locked == 1) && (droplock == 0)) {
                                proc_list_lock();
-                       return (0);
+                       }
+                       return 0;
                }
 
                /*
@@ -1090,7 +1752,7 @@ reap_child_locked(proc_t parent, proc_t child, int deadparent, int reparentedtoi
                        proc_rele(trace_parent);
                }
        }
-       
+
 #pragma clang diagnostic push
 #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
        proc_knote(child, NOTE_REAP);
@@ -1110,11 +1772,11 @@ reap_child_locked(proc_t parent, proc_t child, int deadparent, int reparentedtoi
                 * of RLIMIT_CPU.
                 */
                if (!(parent->p_flag & P_NOCLDWAIT))
-#endif /* 3839178 */
-                       ruadd(&parent->p_stats->p_cru, &child->p_ru->ru);
+#endif  /* 3839178 */
+               ruadd(&parent->p_stats->p_cru, &child->p_ru->ru);
                update_rusage_info_child(&parent->p_stats->ri_child, &child->p_ru->ri);
                proc_unlock(parent);
-               FREE_ZONE(child->p_ru, sizeof *child->p_ru, M_ZOMBIE);
+               zfree(zombie_zone, child->p_ru);
                child->p_ru = NULL;
        } else {
                printf("Warning : lost p_ru for %s\n", child->p_comm);
@@ -1128,22 +1790,16 @@ reap_child_locked(proc_t parent, proc_t child, int deadparent, int reparentedtoi
         * and refernce is dropped after these calls down below
         * (locking protection is provided by list lock held in chgproccnt)
         */
-       (void)chgproccnt(kauth_cred_getruid(child->p_ucred), -1);
-
-#if CONFIG_LCTX
-       ALLLCTX_LOCK;
-       leavelctx(child);
-       ALLLCTX_UNLOCK;
-#endif
-
+#if CONFIG_PERSONAS
        /*
-        * Free up credentials.
+        * persona_proc_drop calls chgproccnt(-1) on the persona uid,
+        * and (+1) on the child->p_ucred uid
         */
-       if (IS_VALID_CRED(child->p_ucred)) {
-               kauth_cred_unref(&child->p_ucred);
-       }
+       persona_proc_drop(child);
+#endif
+       (void)chgproccnt(kauth_cred_getruid(child->p_ucred), -1);
 
-       /*  XXXX Note NOT SAFE TO USE p_ucred from this point onwards */
+       os_reason_free(child->p_exit_reason);
 
        /*
         * Finally finished with old proc entry.
@@ -1152,12 +1808,13 @@ reap_child_locked(proc_t parent, proc_t child, int deadparent, int reparentedtoi
        leavepgrp(child);
 
        proc_list_lock();
-       LIST_REMOVE(child, p_list);     /* off zombproc */
+       LIST_REMOVE(child, p_list);     /* off zombproc */
        parent->p_childrencnt--;
        LIST_REMOVE(child, p_sibling);
        /* If there are no more children wakeup parent */
-       if ((deadparent != 0) && (LIST_EMPTY(&parent->p_children)))
-               wakeup((caddr_t)parent);        /* with list lock held */
+       if ((deadparent != 0) && (LIST_EMPTY(&parent->p_children))) {
+               wakeup((caddr_t)parent);        /* with list lock held */
+       }
        child->p_listflag &= ~P_LIST_WAITING;
        wakeup(&child->p_stat);
 
@@ -1177,28 +1834,29 @@ reap_child_locked(proc_t parent, proc_t child, int deadparent, int reparentedtoi
 
        proc_list_unlock();
 
-#if CONFIG_FINE_LOCK_GROUPS
+       /*
+        * Free up credentials.
+        */
+       if (IS_VALID_CRED(child->p_ucred)) {
+               kauth_cred_t tmp_ucred = child->p_ucred;
+               kauth_cred_unref(&tmp_ucred);
+               child->p_ucred = NOCRED;
+       }
+
        lck_mtx_destroy(&child->p_mlock, proc_mlock_grp);
+       lck_mtx_destroy(&child->p_ucred_mlock, proc_ucred_mlock_grp);
        lck_mtx_destroy(&child->p_fdmlock, proc_fdmlock_grp);
 #if CONFIG_DTRACE
        lck_mtx_destroy(&child->p_dtrace_sprlock, proc_lck_grp);
 #endif
        lck_spin_destroy(&child->p_slock, proc_slock_grp);
-#else /* CONFIG_FINE_LOCK_GROUPS */
-       lck_mtx_destroy(&child->p_mlock, proc_lck_grp);
-       lck_mtx_destroy(&child->p_fdmlock, proc_lck_grp);
-#if CONFIG_DTRACE
-       lck_mtx_destroy(&child->p_dtrace_sprlock, proc_lck_grp);
-#endif
-       lck_spin_destroy(&child->p_slock, proc_lck_grp);
-#endif /* CONFIG_FINE_LOCK_GROUPS */
-       workqueue_destroy_lock(child);
 
-       FREE_ZONE(child, sizeof *child, M_PROC);
-       if ((locked == 1) && (droplock == 0))
+       zfree(proc_zone, child);
+       if ((locked == 1) && (droplock == 0)) {
                proc_list_lock();
+       }
 
-       return (1);
+       return 1;
 }
 
 
@@ -1212,24 +1870,25 @@ wait1continue(int result)
        struct wait4_nocancel_args *uap;
        int *retval;
 
-       if (result)
-               return(result);
+       if (result) {
+               return result;
+       }
 
        p = current_proc();
        thread = current_thread();
        uth = (struct uthread *)get_bsdthread_info(thread);
 
-       wait4_data = &uth->uu_kevent.uu_wait4_data;
+       wait4_data = &uth->uu_save.uus_wait4_data;
        uap = wait4_data->args;
        retval = wait4_data->retval;
-       return(wait4_nocancel(p, uap, retval));
+       return wait4_nocancel(p, uap, retval);
 }
 
 int
 wait4(proc_t q, struct wait4_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 {
        __pthread_testcancel(1);
-       return(wait4_nocancel(q, (struct wait4_nocancel_args *)uap, retval));
+       return wait4_nocancel(q, (struct wait4_nocancel_args *)uap, retval);
 }
 
 int
@@ -1244,8 +1903,9 @@ wait4_nocancel(proc_t q, struct wait4_nocancel_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 
        AUDIT_ARG(pid, uap->pid);
 
-       if (uap->pid == 0)
+       if (uap->pid == 0) {
                uap->pid = -q->p_pgrpid;
+       }
 
 loop:
        proc_list_lock();
@@ -1253,19 +1913,28 @@ loop1:
        nfound = 0;
        sibling_count = 0;
 
-       for (p = q->p_children.lh_first; p != 0; p = p->p_sibling.le_next) {
-               if ( p->p_sibling.le_next != 0 )
+       PCHILDREN_FOREACH(q, p) {
+               if (p->p_sibling.le_next != 0) {
                        sibling_count++;
+               }
                if (uap->pid != WAIT_ANY &&
                    p->p_pid != uap->pid &&
-                   p->p_pgrpid != -(uap->pid))
+                   p->p_pgrpid != -(uap->pid)) {
                        continue;
+               }
 
                nfound++;
 
                /* XXX This is racy because we don't get the lock!!!! */
 
                if (p->p_listflag & P_LIST_WAITING) {
+                       /* we're not using a continuation here but we still need to stash
+                        * the args for stackshot. */
+                       uth = current_uthread();
+                       wait4_data = &uth->uu_save.uus_wait4_data;
+                       wait4_data->args = uap;
+                       thread_set_pending_block_hint(current_thread(), kThreadWaitOnProcess);
+
                        (void)msleep(&p->p_stat, proc_list_mlock, PWAIT, "waitcoll", 0);
                        goto loop1;
                }
@@ -1277,74 +1946,77 @@ loop1:
 
                        proc_list_unlock();
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0)
+                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0) {
                                goto out;
+                       }
 #endif
                        retval[0] = p->p_pid;
                        if (uap->status) {
                                /* Legacy apps expect only 8 bits of status */
-                               status = 0xffff & p->p_xstat;   /* convert to int */
+                               status = 0xffff & p->p_xstat;   /* convert to int */
                                error = copyout((caddr_t)&status,
-                                                       uap->status,
-                                                   sizeof(status));
-                               if (error) 
+                                   uap->status,
+                                   sizeof(status));
+                               if (error) {
                                        goto out;
+                               }
                        }
                        if (uap->rusage) {
                                if (p->p_ru == NULL) {
                                        error = ENOMEM;
                                } else {
                                        if (IS_64BIT_PROCESS(q)) {
-                                               struct user64_rusage    my_rusage;
+                                               struct user64_rusage    my_rusage = {};
                                                munge_user64_rusage(&p->p_ru->ru, &my_rusage);
                                                error = copyout((caddr_t)&my_rusage,
-                                                       uap->rusage,
-                                                       sizeof (my_rusage));
-                                       }
-                                       else {
-                                               struct user32_rusage    my_rusage;
+                                                   uap->rusage,
+                                                   sizeof(my_rusage));
+                                       } else {
+                                               struct user32_rusage    my_rusage = {};
                                                munge_user32_rusage(&p->p_ru->ru, &my_rusage);
                                                error = copyout((caddr_t)&my_rusage,
-                                                       uap->rusage,
-                                                       sizeof (my_rusage));
+                                                   uap->rusage,
+                                                   sizeof(my_rusage));
                                        }
                                }
                                /* information unavailable? */
-                               if (error) 
+                               if (error) {
                                        goto out;
+                               }
                        }
 
                        /* Conformance change for 6577252.
                         * When SIGCHLD is blocked and wait() returns because the status
-                        * of a child process is available and there are no other 
+                        * of a child process is available and there are no other
                         * children processes, then any pending SIGCHLD signal is cleared.
                         */
-                       if ( sibling_count == 0 ) {
+                       if (sibling_count == 0) {
                                int mask = sigmask(SIGCHLD);
                                uth = current_uthread();
 
-                               if ( (uth->uu_sigmask & mask) != 0 ) {
+                               if ((uth->uu_sigmask & mask) != 0) {
                                        /* we are blocking SIGCHLD signals.  clear any pending SIGCHLD.
-                                        * This locking looks funny but it is protecting access to the 
+                                        * This locking looks funny but it is protecting access to the
                                         * thread via p_uthlist.
                                         */
-                                       proc_lock(q); 
-                                       uth->uu_siglist &= ~mask;       /* clear pending signal */
+                                       proc_lock(q);
+                                       uth->uu_siglist &= ~mask;       /* clear pending signal */
                                        proc_unlock(q);
                                }
                        }
-                       
+
                        /* Clean up */
                        (void)reap_child_locked(q, p, 0, reparentedtoinit, 0, 0);
 
-                       return (0);
+                       return 0;
                }
                if (p->p_stat == SSTOP && (p->p_lflag & P_LWAITED) == 0 &&
                    (p->p_lflag & P_LTRACED || uap->options & WUNTRACED)) {
                        proc_list_unlock();
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0)
+                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0) {
                                goto out;
+                       }
 #endif
                        proc_lock(p);
                        p->p_lflag |= P_LWAITED;
@@ -1353,10 +2025,11 @@ loop1:
                        if (uap->status) {
                                status = W_STOPCODE(p->p_xstat);
                                error = copyout((caddr_t)&status,
-                                       uap->status,
+                                   uap->status,
                                    sizeof(status));
-                       } else
+                       } else {
                                error = 0;
+                       }
                        goto out;
                }
                /*
@@ -1367,8 +2040,9 @@ loop1:
                    (p->p_flag & P_CONTINUED)) {
                        proc_list_unlock();
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0)
+                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0) {
                                goto out;
+                       }
 #endif
 
                        /* Prevent other process for waiting for this event */
@@ -1377,10 +2051,11 @@ loop1:
                        if (uap->status) {
                                status = W_STOPCODE(SIGCONT);
                                error = copyout((caddr_t)&status,
-                                       uap->status,
+                                   uap->status,
                                    sizeof(status));
-                       } else
+                       } else {
                                error = 0;
+                       }
                        goto out;
                }
                p->p_listflag &= ~P_LIST_WAITING;
@@ -1389,23 +2064,25 @@ loop1:
        /* list lock is held when we get here any which way */
        if (nfound == 0) {
                proc_list_unlock();
-               return (ECHILD);
+               return ECHILD;
        }
 
        if (uap->options & WNOHANG) {
                retval[0] = 0;
                proc_list_unlock();
-               return (0);
+               return 0;
        }
 
        /* Save arguments for continuation. Backing storage is in uthread->uu_arg, and will not be deallocated */
        uth = current_uthread();
-       wait4_data = &uth->uu_kevent.uu_wait4_data;
+       wait4_data = &uth->uu_save.uus_wait4_data;
        wait4_data->args = uap;
        wait4_data->retval = retval;
 
-       if ((error = msleep0((caddr_t)q, proc_list_mlock, PWAIT | PCATCH | PDROP, "wait", 0, wait1continue)))
-               return (error);
+       thread_set_pending_block_hint(current_thread(), kThreadWaitOnProcess);
+       if ((error = msleep0((caddr_t)q, proc_list_mlock, PWAIT | PCATCH | PDROP, "wait", 0, wait1continue))) {
+               return error;
+       }
 
        goto loop;
 out:
@@ -1413,14 +2090,14 @@ out:
        p->p_listflag &= ~P_LIST_WAITING;
        wakeup(&p->p_stat);
        proc_list_unlock();
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 #if DEBUG
-#define ASSERT_LCK_MTX_OWNED(lock)     \
-                               lck_mtx_assert(lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED)
+#define ASSERT_LCK_MTX_OWNED(lock)      \
+                               lck_mtx_assert(lock, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED)
 #else
-#define ASSERT_LCK_MTX_OWNED(lock)     /* nothing */
+#define ASSERT_LCK_MTX_OWNED(lock)      /* nothing */
 #endif
 
 int
@@ -1433,17 +2110,18 @@ waitidcontinue(int result)
        struct waitid_nocancel_args *uap;
        int *retval;
 
-       if (result)
-               return (result);
+       if (result) {
+               return result;
+       }
 
        p = current_proc();
        thread = current_thread();
        uth = (struct uthread *)get_bsdthread_info(thread);
 
-       waitid_data = &uth->uu_kevent.uu_waitid_data;
+       waitid_data = &uth->uu_save.uus_waitid_data;
        uap = waitid_data->args;
        retval = waitid_data->retval;
-       return(waitid_nocancel(p, uap, retval));
+       return waitid_nocancel(p, uap, retval);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1463,14 +2141,14 @@ int
 waitid(proc_t q, struct waitid_args *uap, int32_t *retval)
 {
        __pthread_testcancel(1);
-       return (waitid_nocancel(q, (struct waitid_nocancel_args *)uap, retval));
+       return waitid_nocancel(q, (struct waitid_nocancel_args *)uap, retval);
 }
 
 int
 waitid_nocancel(proc_t q, struct waitid_nocancel_args *uap,
-       __unused int32_t *retval)
+    __unused int32_t *retval)
 {
-       user_siginfo_t  siginfo;        /* siginfo data to return to caller */
+       user_siginfo_t  siginfo;        /* siginfo data to return to caller */
        boolean_t caller64 = IS_64BIT_PROCESS(q);
        int nfound;
        proc_t p;
@@ -1479,16 +2157,17 @@ waitid_nocancel(proc_t q, struct waitid_nocancel_args *uap,
        struct _waitid_data *waitid_data;
 
        if (uap->options == 0 ||
-           (uap->options & ~(WNOHANG|WNOWAIT|WCONTINUED|WSTOPPED|WEXITED)))
-               return (EINVAL);        /* bits set that aren't recognized */
-
+           (uap->options & ~(WNOHANG | WNOWAIT | WCONTINUED | WSTOPPED | WEXITED))) {
+               return EINVAL;        /* bits set that aren't recognized */
+       }
        switch (uap->idtype) {
-       case P_PID:     /* child with process ID equal to... */
-       case P_PGID:    /* child with process group ID equal to... */
-               if (((int)uap->id) < 0)
-                       return (EINVAL);
+       case P_PID:     /* child with process ID equal to... */
+       case P_PGID:    /* child with process group ID equal to... */
+               if (((int)uap->id) < 0) {
+                       return EINVAL;
+               }
                break;
-       case P_ALL:     /* any child */
+       case P_ALL:     /* any child */
                break;
        }
 
@@ -1496,18 +2175,20 @@ loop:
        proc_list_lock();
 loop1:
        nfound = 0;
-       for (p = q->p_children.lh_first; p != 0; p = p->p_sibling.le_next) {
 
+       PCHILDREN_FOREACH(q, p) {
                switch (uap->idtype) {
-               case P_PID:     /* child with process ID equal to... */
-                       if (p->p_pid != (pid_t)uap->id)
+               case P_PID:     /* child with process ID equal to... */
+                       if (p->p_pid != (pid_t)uap->id) {
                                continue;
+                       }
                        break;
-               case P_PGID:    /* child with process group ID equal to... */
-                       if (p->p_pgrpid != (pid_t)uap->id)
+               case P_PGID:    /* child with process group ID equal to... */
+                       if (p->p_pgrpid != (pid_t)uap->id) {
                                continue;
+                       }
                        break;
-               case P_ALL:     /* any child */
+               case P_ALL:     /* any child */
                        break;
                }
 
@@ -1519,71 +2200,86 @@ loop1:
                 */
                if (p->p_listflag & P_LIST_WAITING) {
                        (void) msleep(&p->p_stat, proc_list_mlock,
-                               PWAIT, "waitidcoll", 0);
+                           PWAIT, "waitidcoll", 0);
                        goto loop1;
                }
-               p->p_listflag |= P_LIST_WAITING;                /* mark busy */
+               p->p_listflag |= P_LIST_WAITING;                /* mark busy */
 
                nfound++;
 
-               bzero(&siginfo, sizeof (siginfo));
+               bzero(&siginfo, sizeof(siginfo));
 
                switch (p->p_stat) {
-               case SZOMB:             /* Exited */
-                       if (!(uap->options & WEXITED))
+               case SZOMB:             /* Exited */
+                       if (!(uap->options & WEXITED)) {
                                break;
+                       }
                        proc_list_unlock();
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0)
+                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0) {
                                goto out;
+                       }
 #endif
                        siginfo.si_signo = SIGCHLD;
                        siginfo.si_pid = p->p_pid;
-                       siginfo.si_status = WEXITSTATUS(p->p_xstat);
+
+                       /* If the child terminated abnormally due to a signal, the signum
+                        * needs to be preserved in the exit status.
+                        */
                        if (WIFSIGNALED(p->p_xstat)) {
                                siginfo.si_code = WCOREDUMP(p->p_xstat) ?
-                                       CLD_DUMPED : CLD_KILLED;
-                       } else
+                                   CLD_DUMPED : CLD_KILLED;
+                               siginfo.si_status = WTERMSIG(p->p_xstat);
+                       } else {
                                siginfo.si_code = CLD_EXITED;
+                               siginfo.si_status = WEXITSTATUS(p->p_xstat) & 0x00FFFFFF;
+                       }
+                       siginfo.si_status |= (((uint32_t)(p->p_xhighbits) << 24) & 0xFF000000);
+                       p->p_xhighbits = 0;
 
                        if ((error = copyoutsiginfo(&siginfo,
-                           caller64, uap->infop)) != 0)
+                           caller64, uap->infop)) != 0) {
                                goto out;
+                       }
 
                        /* Prevent other process for waiting for this event? */
                        if (!(uap->options & WNOWAIT)) {
                                (void) reap_child_locked(q, p, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-                               return (0);
+                               return 0;
                        }
                        goto out;
 
-               case SSTOP:             /* Stopped */
+               case SSTOP:             /* Stopped */
                        /*
                         * If we are not interested in stopped processes, then
                         * ignore this one.
                         */
-                       if (!(uap->options & WSTOPPED))
+                       if (!(uap->options & WSTOPPED)) {
                                break;
+                       }
 
                        /*
                         * If someone has already waited it, we lost a race
                         * to be the one to return status.
                         */
-                       if ((p->p_lflag & P_LWAITED) != 0)
+                       if ((p->p_lflag & P_LWAITED) != 0) {
                                break;
+                       }
                        proc_list_unlock();
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0)
+                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0) {
                                goto out;
+                       }
 #endif
                        siginfo.si_signo = SIGCHLD;
                        siginfo.si_pid = p->p_pid;
-                       siginfo.si_status = p->p_xstat; /* signal number */
+                       siginfo.si_status = p->p_xstat; /* signal number */
                        siginfo.si_code = CLD_STOPPED;
 
                        if ((error = copyoutsiginfo(&siginfo,
-                           caller64, uap->infop)) != 0)
+                           caller64, uap->infop)) != 0) {
                                goto out;
+                       }
 
                        /* Prevent other process for waiting for this event? */
                        if (!(uap->options & WNOWAIT)) {
@@ -1593,21 +2289,24 @@ loop1:
                        }
                        goto out;
 
-               default:                /* All other states => Continued */
-                       if (!(uap->options & WCONTINUED))
+               default:                /* All other states => Continued */
+                       if (!(uap->options & WCONTINUED)) {
                                break;
+                       }
 
                        /*
                         * If the flag isn't set, then this process has not
                         * been stopped and continued, or the status has
                         * already been reaped by another caller of waitid().
                         */
-                       if ((p->p_flag & P_CONTINUED) == 0)
+                       if ((p->p_flag & P_CONTINUED) == 0) {
                                break;
+                       }
                        proc_list_unlock();
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0)
+                       if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0) {
                                goto out;
+                       }
 #endif
                        siginfo.si_signo = SIGCHLD;
                        siginfo.si_code = CLD_CONTINUED;
@@ -1617,8 +2316,9 @@ loop1:
                        proc_unlock(p);
 
                        if ((error = copyoutsiginfo(&siginfo,
-                           caller64, uap->infop)) != 0)
+                           caller64, uap->infop)) != 0) {
                                goto out;
+                       }
 
                        /* Prevent other process for waiting for this event? */
                        if (!(uap->options & WNOWAIT)) {
@@ -1640,14 +2340,15 @@ loop1:
 
        if (nfound == 0) {
                proc_list_unlock();
-               return (ECHILD);
+               return ECHILD;
        }
 
        if (uap->options & WNOHANG) {
                proc_list_unlock();
 #if CONFIG_MACF
-               if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0)
-                       return (error);
+               if ((error = mac_proc_check_wait(q, p)) != 0) {
+                       return error;
+               }
 #endif
                /*
                 * The state of the siginfo structure in this case
@@ -1658,18 +2359,19 @@ loop1:
                 * WNOHANG" is to store a zero into si_pid before
                 * invocation, then check for a non-zero value afterwards.
                 */
-               return (0);
+               return 0;
        }
 
        /* Save arguments for continuation. Backing storage is in uthread->uu_arg, and will not be deallocated */
        uth = current_uthread();
-       waitid_data = &uth->uu_kevent.uu_waitid_data;
+       waitid_data = &uth->uu_save.uus_waitid_data;
        waitid_data->args = uap;
        waitid_data->retval = retval;
 
        if ((error = msleep0(q, proc_list_mlock,
-           PWAIT | PCATCH | PDROP, "waitid", 0, waitidcontinue)) != 0)
-               return (error);
+           PWAIT | PCATCH | PDROP, "waitid", 0, waitidcontinue)) != 0) {
+               return error;
+       }
 
        goto loop;
 out:
@@ -1677,50 +2379,57 @@ out:
        p->p_listflag &= ~P_LIST_WAITING;
        wakeup(&p->p_stat);
        proc_list_unlock();
-       return (error);
+       return error;
 }
 
 /*
  * make process 'parent' the new parent of process 'child'.
  */
 void
-proc_reparentlocked(proc_t child, proc_t parent, int cansignal, int locked)
+proc_reparentlocked(proc_t child, proc_t parent, int signallable, int locked)
 {
        proc_t oldparent = PROC_NULL;
 
-       if (child->p_pptr == parent)
+       if (child->p_pptr == parent) {
                return;
+       }
 
-       if (locked == 0)
+       if (locked == 0) {
                proc_list_lock();
+       }
 
        oldparent = child->p_pptr;
 #if __PROC_INTERNAL_DEBUG
-       if (oldparent == PROC_NULL)
+       if (oldparent == PROC_NULL) {
                panic("proc_reparent: process %p does not have a parent\n", child);
+       }
 #endif
 
        LIST_REMOVE(child, p_sibling);
 #if __PROC_INTERNAL_DEBUG
-       if (oldparent->p_childrencnt == 0)
+       if (oldparent->p_childrencnt == 0) {
                panic("process children count already 0\n");
+       }
 #endif
        oldparent->p_childrencnt--;
-#if __PROC_INTERNAL_DEBUG1
-       if (oldparent->p_childrencnt < 0)
+#if __PROC_INTERNAL_DEBUG
+       if (oldparent->p_childrencnt < 0) {
                panic("process children count -ve\n");
+       }
 #endif
        LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&parent->p_children, child, p_sibling);
-       parent->p_childrencnt++;        
+       parent->p_childrencnt++;
        child->p_pptr = parent;
        child->p_ppid = parent->p_pid;
 
        proc_list_unlock();
 
-       if ((cansignal != 0) && (initproc == parent) && (child->p_stat == SZOMB))
+       if ((signallable != 0) && (initproc == parent) && (child->p_stat == SZOMB)) {
                psignal(initproc, SIGCHLD);
-       if (locked == 1)
+       }
+       if (locked == 1) {
                proc_list_lock();
+       }
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1750,15 +2459,15 @@ vfork_exit_internal(proc_t p, int rv, int forceexit)
         * right here.
         */
 
-        ut = get_bsdthread_info(self);
+       ut = get_bsdthread_info(self);
 
 
        proc_lock(p);
-        if ((p->p_lflag & P_LPEXIT) == P_LPEXIT) {
-               /* 
-               * This happens when a parent exits/killed and vfork is in progress  
-               * other threads. But shutdown code for ex has already called exit1()
-               */
+       if ((p->p_lflag & P_LPEXIT) == P_LPEXIT) {
+               /*
+                * This happens when a parent exits/killed and vfork is in progress
+                * other threads. But shutdown code for ex has already called exit1()
+                */
                proc_unlock(p);
                return;
        }
@@ -1767,7 +2476,7 @@ vfork_exit_internal(proc_t p, int rv, int forceexit)
 
        if (forceexit == 0) {
                /*
-                * parent of a vfork child has already called exit() and the 
+                * parent of a vfork child has already called exit() and the
                 * thread that has vfork in proress terminates. So there is no
                 * separate address space here and it has already been marked for
                 * termination. This was never covered before and could cause problems
@@ -1787,11 +2496,11 @@ vfork_exit_internal(proc_t p, int rv, int forceexit)
        proc_list_lock();
 
 #if CONFIG_MEMORYSTATUS
-       memorystatus_remove(p, TRUE);
+       proc_memorystatus_remove(p);
 #endif
 
        LIST_REMOVE(p, p_list);
-       LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&zombproc, p, p_list); /* Place onto zombproc. */
+       LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&zombproc, p, p_list); /* Place onto zombproc. */
        /* will not be visible via proc_find */
        p->p_listflag |= P_LIST_EXITED;
 
@@ -1803,44 +2512,20 @@ vfork_exit_internal(proc_t p, int rv, int forceexit)
        p->p_sigignore = ~0;
        proc_unlock(p);
 
-       proc_spinlock(p);
-       if (thread_call_cancel(p->p_rcall))
-               p->p_ractive--;
-
-       while (p->p_ractive > 0) {
-               proc_spinunlock(p);
-               
-               delay(1);
-
-               proc_spinlock(p);
-       }
-       proc_spinunlock(p);
-
-       thread_call_free(p->p_rcall);
-       p->p_rcall = NULL;
-
        ut->uu_siglist = 0;
 
-       vproc_exit(p);
-}
+       /* begin vproc_exit */
 
-void 
-vproc_exit(proc_t p)
-{
        proc_t q;
        proc_t pp;
-       
+
        vnode_t tvp;
-#ifdef FIXME
-       struct task *task = p->task;
-#endif
+
        struct pgrp * pg;
        struct session *sessp;
        struct rusage_superset *rup;
 
-       /* XXX Zombie allocation may fail, in which case stats get lost */
-       MALLOC_ZONE(rup, struct rusage_superset *,
-                       sizeof (*rup), M_ZOMBIE, M_WAITOK);
+       rup = zalloc(zombie_zone);
 
        proc_refdrain(p);
 
@@ -1852,89 +2537,7 @@ vproc_exit(proc_t p)
 
        sessp = proc_session(p);
        if (SESS_LEADER(p, sessp)) {
-               
-               if (sessp->s_ttyvp != NULLVP) {
-                       struct vnode *ttyvp;
-                       int ttyvid;
-                       int cttyflag = 0;
-                       struct vfs_context context;
-                       struct tty *tp;
-
-                       /*
-                        * Controlling process.
-                        * Signal foreground pgrp,
-                        * drain controlling terminal
-                        * and revoke access to controlling terminal.
-                        */
-                       session_lock(sessp);
-                       tp = SESSION_TP(sessp);
-                       if ((tp != TTY_NULL) && (tp->t_session == sessp)) {
-                               session_unlock(sessp);
-
-                               /*
-                                * We're going to SIGHUP the foreground process
-                                * group. It can't change from this point on
-                                * until the revoke is complete.
-                                * The process group changes under both the tty
-                                * lock and proc_list_lock but we need only one
-                                */
-                               tty_lock(tp);
-                               ttysetpgrphup(tp);
-                               tty_unlock(tp);
-
-                               tty_pgsignal(tp, SIGHUP, 1);
-
-                               session_lock(sessp);
-                               tp = SESSION_TP(sessp);
-                       }
-                       cttyflag = sessp->s_flags & S_CTTYREF;
-                       sessp->s_flags &= ~S_CTTYREF;
-                       ttyvp = sessp->s_ttyvp;
-                       ttyvid = sessp->s_ttyvid;
-                       sessp->s_ttyvp = NULL;
-                       sessp->s_ttyvid = 0;
-                       sessp->s_ttyp = TTY_NULL;
-                       sessp->s_ttypgrpid = NO_PID;
-                       session_unlock(sessp);
-
-                      if ((ttyvp != NULLVP) && (vnode_getwithvid(ttyvp, ttyvid) == 0)) {
-                               if (tp != TTY_NULL) {
-                                       tty_lock(tp);
-                                       (void) ttywait(tp);
-                                       tty_unlock(tp);
-                               }
-                               context.vc_thread = proc_thread(p); /* XXX */
-                               context.vc_ucred = kauth_cred_proc_ref(p);
-                               VNOP_REVOKE(ttyvp, REVOKEALL, &context);
-                               if (cttyflag) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * Release the extra usecount taken in cttyopen.
-                                        * usecount should be released after VNOP_REVOKE is called.
-                                        * This usecount was taken to ensure that
-                                        * the VNOP_REVOKE results in a close to
-                                        * the tty since cttyclose is a no-op.
-                                        */
-                                       vnode_rele(ttyvp);
-                               }
-                               vnode_put(ttyvp);
-                               kauth_cred_unref(&context.vc_ucred);
-                               ttyvp = NULLVP;
-                       }
-                       if (tp) {
-                               /*
-                                * This is cleared even if not set. This is also done in
-                                * spec_close to ensure that the flag is cleared.
-                                */
-                               tty_lock(tp);
-                               ttyclrpgrphup(tp);
-                               tty_unlock(tp);
-
-                               ttyfree(tp);
-                       }
-               }
-               session_lock(sessp);
-               sessp->s_leader = NULL;
-               session_unlock(sessp);
+               panic("vfork child is session leader");
        }
        session_rele(sessp);
 
@@ -1942,14 +2545,21 @@ vproc_exit(proc_t p)
        fixjobc(p, pg, 0);
        pg_rele(pg);
 
-       p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_FSIZE].rlim_cur = RLIM_INFINITY;
+       /*
+        * Change RLIMIT_FSIZE for accounting/debugging. proc_limitsetcur_internal() will COW the current plimit
+        * before making changes if the current plimit is shared. The COW'ed plimit will be freed
+        * below by calling proc_limitdrop().
+        */
+       proc_limitsetcur_internal(p, RLIMIT_FSIZE, RLIM_INFINITY);
 
        proc_list_lock();
+
        proc_childdrainstart(p);
        while ((q = p->p_children.lh_first) != NULL) {
                if (q->p_stat == SZOMB) {
-                       if (p != q->p_pptr)
+                       if (p != q->p_pptr) {
                                panic("parent child linkage broken");
+                       }
                        /* check for lookups by zomb sysctl */
                        while ((q->p_listflag & P_LIST_WAITING) == P_LIST_WAITING) {
                                msleep(&q->p_stat, proc_list_mlock, PWAIT, "waitcoll", 0);
@@ -1961,15 +2571,15 @@ vproc_exit(proc_t p)
                         * the reference here exclusively and their can be
                         * no waiters. So there is no need for a wakeup
                         * after we are done. AlsO  the reap frees the structure
-                        * and the proc struct cannot be used for wakeups as well. 
+                        * and the proc struct cannot be used for wakeups as well.
                         * It is safe to use q here as this is system reap
                         */
                        (void)reap_child_locked(p, q, 1, 0, 1, 0);
                } else {
                        /*
-                       * Traced processes are killed
-                       * since their existence means someone is messing up.
-                       */
+                        * Traced processes are killed
+                        * since their existence means someone is messing up.
+                        */
                        if (q->p_lflag & P_LTRACED) {
                                struct proc *opp;
 
@@ -1999,15 +2609,15 @@ vproc_exit(proc_t p)
 
                                        proc_unlock(q);
                                        /*
-                                       * The sigwait_thread could be stopped at a
-                                       * breakpoint. Wake it up to kill.
-                                       * Need to do this as it could be a thread which is not
-                                       * the first thread in the task. So any attempts to kill
-                                       * the process would result into a deadlock on q->sigwait.
-                                       */
+                                        * The sigwait_thread could be stopped at a
+                                        * breakpoint. Wake it up to kill.
+                                        * Need to do this as it could be a thread which is not
+                                        * the first thread in the task. So any attempts to kill
+                                        * the process would result into a deadlock on q->sigwait.
+                                        */
                                        thread_resume(thread);
                                        clear_wait(thread, THREAD_INTERRUPTED);
-                                       threadsignal(thread, SIGKILL, 0);
+                                       threadsignal(thread, SIGKILL, 0, TRUE);
                                } else {
                                        proc_unlock(q);
                                }
@@ -2039,39 +2649,39 @@ vproc_exit(proc_t p)
         * structure, this information is lost.
         */
        if (rup != NULL) {
-           rup->ru = p->p_stats->p_ru;
-           timerclear(&rup->ru.ru_utime);
-           timerclear(&rup->ru.ru_stime);
+               rup->ru = p->p_stats->p_ru;
+               timerclear(&rup->ru.ru_utime);
+               timerclear(&rup->ru.ru_stime);
 
 #ifdef  FIXME
-           if (task) {
-               mach_task_basic_info_data_t tinfo;
-               task_thread_times_info_data_t ttimesinfo;
-               int task_info_stuff, task_ttimes_stuff;
-               struct timeval ut,st;
-
-               task_info_stuff = MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO_COUNT;
-               task_info(task, MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO,
-                         &tinfo, &task_info_stuff);
-               p->p_ru->ru.ru_utime.tv_sec = tinfo.user_time.seconds;
-               p->p_ru->ru.ru_utime.tv_usec = tinfo.user_time.microseconds;
-               p->p_ru->ru.ru_stime.tv_sec = tinfo.system_time.seconds;
-               p->p_ru->ru.ru_stime.tv_usec = tinfo.system_time.microseconds;
-
-               task_ttimes_stuff = TASK_THREAD_TIMES_INFO_COUNT;
-               task_info(task, TASK_THREAD_TIMES_INFO,
-                         &ttimesinfo, &task_ttimes_stuff);
-
-               ut.tv_sec = ttimesinfo.user_time.seconds;
-               ut.tv_usec = ttimesinfo.user_time.microseconds;
-               st.tv_sec = ttimesinfo.system_time.seconds;
-               st.tv_usec = ttimesinfo.system_time.microseconds;
-               timeradd(&ut,&p->p_ru->ru.ru_utime,&p->p_ru->ru.ru_utime);
-                       timeradd(&st,&p->p_ru->ru.ru_stime,&p->p_ru->ru.ru_stime);
-           }
+               if (task) {
+                       mach_task_basic_info_data_t tinfo;
+                       task_thread_times_info_data_t ttimesinfo;
+                       int task_info_stuff, task_ttimes_stuff;
+                       struct timeval ut, st;
+
+                       task_info_stuff = MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO_COUNT;
+                       task_info(task, MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO,
+                           &tinfo, &task_info_stuff);
+                       p->p_ru->ru.ru_utime.tv_sec = tinfo.user_time.seconds;
+                       p->p_ru->ru.ru_utime.tv_usec = tinfo.user_time.microseconds;
+                       p->p_ru->ru.ru_stime.tv_sec = tinfo.system_time.seconds;
+                       p->p_ru->ru.ru_stime.tv_usec = tinfo.system_time.microseconds;
+
+                       task_ttimes_stuff = TASK_THREAD_TIMES_INFO_COUNT;
+                       task_info(task, TASK_THREAD_TIMES_INFO,
+                           &ttimesinfo, &task_ttimes_stuff);
+
+                       ut.tv_sec = ttimesinfo.user_time.seconds;
+                       ut.tv_usec = ttimesinfo.user_time.microseconds;
+                       st.tv_sec = ttimesinfo.system_time.seconds;
+                       st.tv_usec = ttimesinfo.system_time.microseconds;
+                       timeradd(&ut, &p->p_ru->ru.ru_utime, &p->p_ru->ru.ru_utime);
+                       timeradd(&st, &p->p_ru->ru.ru_stime, &p->p_ru->ru.ru_stime);
+               }
 #endif /* FIXME */
 
-           ruadd(&rup->ru, &p->p_stats->p_cru);
+               ruadd(&rup->ru, &p->p_stats->p_cru);
 
                gather_rusage_info(p, &rup->ri, RUSAGE_INFO_CURRENT);
                rup->ri.ri_phys_footprint = 0;
@@ -2104,17 +2714,21 @@ vproc_exit(proc_t p)
        pth_proc_hashdelete(p);
 #endif /* PSYNCH */
 
+       proc_free_realitimer(p);
+
        /*
         * Other substructures are freed from wait().
         */
-       FREE_ZONE(p->p_stats, sizeof *p->p_stats, M_PSTATS);
+       zfree(proc_stats_zone, p->p_stats);
        p->p_stats = NULL;
 
-       FREE_ZONE(p->p_sigacts, sizeof *p->p_sigacts, M_SIGACTS);
+       zfree(proc_sigacts_zone, p->p_sigacts);
        p->p_sigacts = NULL;
 
-       proc_limitdrop(p, 1);
-       p->p_limit = NULL;
+       FREE(p->p_subsystem_root_path, M_SBUF);
+       p->p_subsystem_root_path = NULL;
+
+       proc_limitdrop(p);
 
        /*
         * Finish up by terminating the task
@@ -2131,6 +2745,8 @@ vproc_exit(proc_t p)
                if (pp != initproc) {
                        proc_lock(pp);
                        pp->si_pid = p->p_pid;
+                       pp->p_xhighbits = p->p_xhighbits;
+                       p->p_xhighbits = 0;
                        pp->si_status = p->p_xstat;
                        pp->si_code = CLD_EXITED;
                        /*
@@ -2170,7 +2786,7 @@ vproc_exit(proc_t p)
                 * the reference here exclusively and their can be
                 * no waiters. So there is no need for a wakeup
                 * after we are done. AlsO  the reap frees the structure
-                * and the proc struct cannot be used for wakeups as well. 
+                * and the proc struct cannot be used for wakeups as well.
                 * It is safe to use p here as this is system reap
                 */
                (void)reap_child_locked(pp, p, 0, 0, 1, 1);
@@ -2179,16 +2795,19 @@ vproc_exit(proc_t p)
        proc_rele(pp);
 }
 
-                                               
+
 /*
  * munge_rusage
  *     LP64 support - long is 64 bits if we are dealing with a 64 bit user
  *     process.  We munge the kernel version of rusage into the
  *     64 bit version.
  */
-__private_extern__  void 
+__private_extern__  void
 munge_user64_rusage(struct rusage *a_rusage_p, struct user64_rusage *a_user_rusage_p)
 {
+       /* Zero-out struct so that padding is cleared */
+       bzero(a_user_rusage_p, sizeof(struct user64_rusage));
+
        /* timeval changes size, so utime and stime need special handling */
        a_user_rusage_p->ru_utime.tv_sec = a_rusage_p->ru_utime.tv_sec;
        a_user_rusage_p->ru_utime.tv_usec = a_rusage_p->ru_utime.tv_usec;
@@ -2215,30 +2834,68 @@ munge_user64_rusage(struct rusage *a_rusage_p, struct user64_rusage *a_user_rusa
 }
 
 /* For a 64-bit kernel and 32-bit userspace, munging may be needed */
-__private_extern__  void 
+__private_extern__  void
 munge_user32_rusage(struct rusage *a_rusage_p, struct user32_rusage *a_user_rusage_p)
 {
+       bzero(a_user_rusage_p, sizeof(struct user32_rusage));
+
        /* timeval changes size, so utime and stime need special handling */
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_utime.tv_sec = a_rusage_p->ru_utime.tv_sec;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_utime.tv_sec = (user32_time_t)a_rusage_p->ru_utime.tv_sec;
        a_user_rusage_p->ru_utime.tv_usec = a_rusage_p->ru_utime.tv_usec;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_stime.tv_sec = a_rusage_p->ru_stime.tv_sec;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_stime.tv_sec = (user32_time_t)a_rusage_p->ru_stime.tv_sec;
        a_user_rusage_p->ru_stime.tv_usec = a_rusage_p->ru_stime.tv_usec;
        /*
         * everything else can be a direct assign. We currently ignore
         * the loss of precision
         */
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_maxrss = a_rusage_p->ru_maxrss;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_ixrss = a_rusage_p->ru_ixrss;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_idrss = a_rusage_p->ru_idrss;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_isrss = a_rusage_p->ru_isrss;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_minflt = a_rusage_p->ru_minflt;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_majflt = a_rusage_p->ru_majflt;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_nswap = a_rusage_p->ru_nswap;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_inblock = a_rusage_p->ru_inblock;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_oublock = a_rusage_p->ru_oublock;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_msgsnd = a_rusage_p->ru_msgsnd;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_msgrcv = a_rusage_p->ru_msgrcv;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_nsignals = a_rusage_p->ru_nsignals;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_nvcsw = a_rusage_p->ru_nvcsw;
-       a_user_rusage_p->ru_nivcsw = a_rusage_p->ru_nivcsw;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_maxrss = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_maxrss;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_ixrss = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_ixrss;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_idrss = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_idrss;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_isrss = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_isrss;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_minflt = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_minflt;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_majflt = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_majflt;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_nswap = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_nswap;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_inblock = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_inblock;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_oublock = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_oublock;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_msgsnd = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_msgsnd;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_msgrcv = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_msgrcv;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_nsignals = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_nsignals;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_nvcsw = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_nvcsw;
+       a_user_rusage_p->ru_nivcsw = (user32_long_t)a_rusage_p->ru_nivcsw;
+}
+
+void
+kdp_wait4_find_process(thread_t thread, __unused event64_t wait_event, thread_waitinfo_t *waitinfo)
+{
+       assert(thread != NULL);
+       assert(waitinfo != NULL);
+
+       struct uthread *ut = get_bsdthread_info(thread);
+       waitinfo->context = 0;
+       // ensure wmesg is consistent with a thread waiting in wait4
+       assert(!strcmp(ut->uu_wmesg, "waitcoll") || !strcmp(ut->uu_wmesg, "wait"));
+       struct wait4_nocancel_args *args = ut->uu_save.uus_wait4_data.args;
+       // May not actually contain a pid; this is just the argument to wait4.
+       // See man wait4 for other valid wait4 arguments.
+       waitinfo->owner = args->pid;
+}
+
+#if __has_feature(ptrauth_calls)
+int
+exit_with_pac_exception(proc_t p, exception_type_t exception, mach_exception_code_t code,
+    mach_exception_subcode_t subcode)
+{
+       thread_t self = current_thread();
+       struct uthread *ut = get_bsdthread_info(self);
+
+       os_reason_t exception_reason = os_reason_create(OS_REASON_PAC_EXCEPTION, (uint64_t)code);
+       assert(exception_reason != OS_REASON_NULL);
+       exception_reason->osr_flags |= OS_REASON_FLAG_GENERATE_CRASH_REPORT;
+       ut->uu_exception = exception;
+       ut->uu_code = code;
+       ut->uu_subcode = subcode;
+
+       return exit_with_reason(p, W_EXITCODE(0, SIGKILL), (int *)NULL, TRUE, FALSE,
+                  0, exception_reason);
 }
+#endif /* __has_feature(ptrauth_calls) */