[apple/xnu.git] / osfmk / i386 / pcb.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2000 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
 * 
 * The contents of this file constitute Original Code as defined in and
 * are subject to the Apple Public Source License Version 1.1 (the
 * "License").  You may not use this file except in compliance with the
 * License.  Please obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.apple.com/publicsource and read it before using this file.
 * 
 * This Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
 * distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.  Please see the
 * License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
 * under the License.
 * 
 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
 */
/*
 * @OSF_COPYRIGHT@
 */
/* 
 * Mach Operating System
 * Copyright (c) 1991,1990 Carnegie Mellon University
 * All Rights Reserved.
 * 
 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
 * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
 * 
 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
 * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
 * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 * 
 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
 * 
 *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
 *  School of Computer Science
 *  Carnegie Mellon University
 *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
 * 
 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
 * the rights to redistribute these changes.
 */

#include <cpus.h>
#include <mach_rt.h>
#include <mach_debug.h>
#include <mach_ldebug.h>

#include <sys/kdebug.h>

#include <mach/kern_return.h>
#include <mach/thread_status.h>
#include <mach/vm_param.h>
#include <mach/rpc.h>

#include <kern/counters.h>
#include <kern/mach_param.h>
#include <kern/task.h>
#include <kern/thread.h>
#include <kern/thread_act.h>
#include <kern/thread_swap.h>
#include <kern/sched_prim.h>
#include <kern/misc_protos.h>
#include <kern/assert.h>
#include <kern/spl.h>
#include <ipc/ipc_port.h>
#include <vm/vm_kern.h>
#include <vm/pmap.h>

#include <i386/thread.h>
#include <i386/eflags.h>
#include <i386/proc_reg.h>
#include <i386/seg.h>
#include <i386/tss.h>
#include <i386/user_ldt.h>
#include <i386/fpu.h>
#include <i386/iopb_entries.h>

/*
 * Maps state flavor to number of words in the state:
 */
unsigned int state_count[] = {
        /* FLAVOR_LIST */ 0,
        i386_NEW_THREAD_STATE_COUNT,
        i386_FLOAT_STATE_COUNT,
        i386_ISA_PORT_MAP_STATE_COUNT,
        i386_V86_ASSIST_STATE_COUNT,
        i386_REGS_SEGS_STATE_COUNT,
        i386_THREAD_SYSCALL_STATE_COUNT,
        /* THREAD_STATE_NONE */ 0,
        i386_SAVED_STATE_COUNT,
};

/* Forward */

void act_machine_throughcall(thread_act_t thr_act);
extern thread_t         Switch_context(
                                thread_t                old,
                                void                    (*cont)(void),
                                thread_t                new);
extern void             Thread_continue(void);
extern void             Load_context(
                                thread_t                thread);

/*
 * consider_machine_collect:
 *
 *      Try to collect machine-dependent pages
 */
void
consider_machine_collect()
{
}

void
consider_machine_adjust()
{
}


/*
 *      machine_kernel_stack_init:
 *
 *      Initialize a kernel stack which has already been
 *      attached to its thread_activation.
 */

void
machine_kernel_stack_init(
        thread_t        thread,
        void            (*start_pos)(thread_t))
{
        thread_act_t    thr_act = thread->top_act;
        vm_offset_t     stack;

        assert(thr_act);
        stack = thread->kernel_stack;
        assert(stack);

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        if (watchacts & WA_PCB) {
                printf("machine_kernel_stack_init(thr=%x,stk=%x,start_pos=%x)\n",
                                thread,stack,start_pos);
                printf("\tstack_iks=%x, stack_iel=%x\n",
                        STACK_IKS(stack), STACK_IEL(stack));
        }
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

        /*
         *      We want to run at start_pos, giving it as an argument
         *      the return value from Load_context/Switch_context.
         *      Thread_continue takes care of the mismatch between
         *      the argument-passing/return-value conventions.
         *      This function will not return normally,
         *      so we don`t have to worry about a return address.
         */
        STACK_IKS(stack)->k_eip = (int) Thread_continue;
        STACK_IKS(stack)->k_ebx = (int) start_pos;
        STACK_IKS(stack)->k_esp = (int) STACK_IEL(stack);

        /*
         *      Point top of kernel stack to user`s registers.
         */
        STACK_IEL(stack)->saved_state = &thr_act->mact.pcb->iss;
}


#if     NCPUS > 1
#define curr_gdt(mycpu)         (mp_gdt[mycpu])
#define curr_ktss(mycpu)        (mp_ktss[mycpu])
#else
#define curr_gdt(mycpu)         (gdt)
#define curr_ktss(mycpu)        (&ktss)
#endif

#define gdt_desc_p(mycpu,sel) \
        ((struct real_descriptor *)&curr_gdt(mycpu)[sel_idx(sel)])

void
act_machine_switch_pcb( thread_act_t new_act )
{
        pcb_t                   pcb = new_act->mact.pcb;
        int                     mycpu;
    {
        register iopb_tss_t     tss = pcb->ims.io_tss;
        vm_offset_t             pcb_stack_top;

        assert(new_act->thread != NULL);
        assert(new_act->thread->kernel_stack != 0);
        STACK_IEL(new_act->thread->kernel_stack)->saved_state =
                &new_act->mact.pcb->iss;

        /*
         *      Save a pointer to the top of the "kernel" stack -
         *      actually the place in the PCB where a trap into
         *      kernel mode will push the registers.
         *      The location depends on V8086 mode.  If we are
         *      not in V8086 mode, then a trap into the kernel
         *      won`t save the v86 segments, so we leave room.
         */

        pcb_stack_top = (pcb->iss.efl & EFL_VM)
                        ? (int) (&pcb->iss + 1)
                        : (int) (&pcb->iss.v86_segs);

        mp_disable_preemption();
        mycpu = cpu_number();

        if (tss == 0) {
            /*
             *  No per-thread IO permissions.
             *  Use standard kernel TSS.
             */
            if (!(gdt_desc_p(mycpu,KERNEL_TSS)->access & ACC_TSS_BUSY))
                set_tr(KERNEL_TSS);
            curr_ktss(mycpu)->esp0 = pcb_stack_top;
        }
        else {
            /*
             * Set the IO permissions.  Use this thread`s TSS.
             */
            *gdt_desc_p(mycpu,USER_TSS)
                = *(struct real_descriptor *)tss->iopb_desc;
            tss->tss.esp0 = pcb_stack_top;
            set_tr(USER_TSS);
            gdt_desc_p(mycpu,KERNEL_TSS)->access &= ~ ACC_TSS_BUSY;
        }
    }

    {
        register user_ldt_t     ldt = pcb->ims.ldt;
        /*
         * Set the thread`s LDT.
         */
        if (ldt == 0) {
            /*
             * Use system LDT.
             */
            set_ldt(KERNEL_LDT);
        }
        else {
            /*
             * Thread has its own LDT.
             */
            *gdt_desc_p(mycpu,USER_LDT) = ldt->desc;
            set_ldt(USER_LDT);
        }
    }
        mp_enable_preemption();
        /*
         * Load the floating-point context, if necessary.
         */
        fpu_load_context(pcb);

}

/*
 * flush out any lazily evaluated HW state in the
 * owning thread's context, before termination.
 */
void
thread_machine_flush( thread_act_t cur_act )
{
    fpflush(cur_act);
}

/*
 * Switch to the first thread on a CPU.
 */
void
load_context(
        thread_t                new)
{
        act_machine_switch_pcb(new->top_act);
        Load_context(new);
}

/*
 * Number of times we needed to swap an activation back in before
 * switching to it.
 */
int switch_act_swapins = 0;

/*
 * machine_switch_act
 *
 * Machine-dependent details of activation switching.  Called with
 * RPC locks held and preemption disabled.
 */
void
machine_switch_act( 
        thread_t        thread,
        thread_act_t    old,
        thread_act_t    new,
        int                             cpu)
{
        /*
         *      Switch the vm, ast and pcb context. 
         *      Save FP registers if in use and set TS (task switch) bit.
         */
        fpu_save_context(thread);

        active_stacks[cpu] = thread->kernel_stack;
        ast_context(new, cpu);

        PMAP_SWITCH_CONTEXT(old, new, cpu);
        act_machine_switch_pcb(new);
}

/*
 * Switch to a new thread.
 * Save the old thread`s kernel state or continuation,
 * and return it.
 */
thread_t
switch_context(
        thread_t                old,
        void                    (*continuation)(void),
        thread_t                new)
{
        register thread_act_t   old_act = old->top_act,
                                new_act = new->top_act;

#if MACH_RT
        assert(old_act->kernel_loaded ||
               active_stacks[cpu_number()] == old_act->thread->kernel_stack);
        assert (get_preemption_level() == 1);
#endif
        check_simple_locks();

        /*
         *      Save FP registers if in use.
         */
        fpu_save_context(old);

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        if (watchacts & WA_SWITCH)
                printf("\tswitch_context(old=%x con=%x new=%x)\n",
                                            old, continuation, new);
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

        /*
         *      Switch address maps if need be, even if not switching tasks.
         *      (A server activation may be "borrowing" a client map.)
         */
    {
        int     mycpu = cpu_number();

        PMAP_SWITCH_CONTEXT(old_act, new_act, mycpu)
    }

        /*
         *      Load the rest of the user state for the new thread
         */
        act_machine_switch_pcb(new_act);
        return(Switch_context(old, continuation, new));
}

void
pcb_module_init(void)
{
        fpu_module_init();
        iopb_init();
}

void
pcb_init( register thread_act_t thr_act )
{
        register pcb_t pcb;

        assert(thr_act->mact.pcb == (pcb_t)0);
        pcb = thr_act->mact.pcb = &thr_act->mact.xxx_pcb;

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        if (watchacts & WA_PCB)
                printf("pcb_init(%x) pcb=%x\n", thr_act, pcb);
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

        /*
         *      We can't let random values leak out to the user.
         * (however, act_create() zeroed the entire thr_act, mact, pcb)
         * bzero((char *) pcb, sizeof *pcb);
         */
        simple_lock_init(&pcb->lock, ETAP_MISC_PCB);

        /*
         *      Guarantee that the bootstrapped thread will be in user
         *      mode.
         */
        pcb->iss.cs = USER_CS;
        pcb->iss.ss = USER_DS;
        pcb->iss.ds = USER_DS;
        pcb->iss.es = USER_DS;
        pcb->iss.fs = USER_DS;
        pcb->iss.gs = USER_DS;
        pcb->iss.efl = EFL_USER_SET;
}

/*
 * Adjust saved register state for thread belonging to task
 * created with kernel_task_create().
 */
void
pcb_user_to_kernel(
        thread_act_t thr_act)
{
        register pcb_t pcb = thr_act->mact.pcb;

        pcb->iss.cs = KERNEL_CS;
        pcb->iss.ss = KERNEL_DS;
        pcb->iss.ds = KERNEL_DS;
        pcb->iss.es = KERNEL_DS;
        pcb->iss.fs = KERNEL_DS;
        pcb->iss.gs = CPU_DATA;
}

void
pcb_terminate(
        register thread_act_t thr_act)
{
        register pcb_t  pcb = thr_act->mact.pcb;

        assert(pcb);

        if (pcb->ims.io_tss != 0)
                iopb_destroy(pcb->ims.io_tss);
        if (pcb->ims.ifps != 0)
                fp_free(pcb->ims.ifps);
        if (pcb->ims.ldt != 0)
                user_ldt_free(pcb->ims.ldt);
        thr_act->mact.pcb = (pcb_t)0;
}

/*
 *      pcb_collect:
 *
 *      Attempt to free excess pcb memory.
 */

void
pcb_collect(
        register thread_act_t  thr_act)
{
        /* accomplishes very little */
}

/*
 * act_machine_sv_free
 * release saveareas associated with an act. if flag is true, release
 * user level savearea(s) too, else don't
 */
void
act_machine_sv_free(thread_act_t act, int flag)
{

}

/*
 *      act_machine_set_state:
 *
 *      Set the status of the specified thread.  Called with "appropriate"
 *      thread-related locks held (see act_lock_thread()), so
 *      thr_act->thread is guaranteed not to change.
 */

kern_return_t
act_machine_set_state(
        thread_act_t thr_act,
        thread_flavor_t flavor,
        thread_state_t tstate,
        mach_msg_type_number_t count)
{
        int                     kernel_act = thr_act->kernel_loading ||
                                        thr_act->kernel_loaded;

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        if (watchacts & WA_STATE)
            printf("act_%x act_m_set_state(thr_act=%x,flav=%x,st=%x,cnt=%x)\n",
                    current_act(), thr_act, flavor, tstate, count);
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

        switch (flavor) {
            case THREAD_SYSCALL_STATE:
            {
                register struct thread_syscall_state *state;
                register struct i386_saved_state *saved_state = USER_REGS(thr_act);

                state = (struct thread_syscall_state *) tstate;
                saved_state->eax = state->eax;
                saved_state->edx = state->edx;
                if (kernel_act)
                        saved_state->efl = state->efl;
                else
                        saved_state->efl = (state->efl & ~EFL_USER_CLEAR) | EFL_USER_SET;
                saved_state->eip = state->eip;
                saved_state->uesp = state->esp;
                break;
            }

            case i386_SAVED_STATE:
            {
                register struct i386_saved_state        *state;
                register struct i386_saved_state        *saved_state;

                if (count < i386_SAVED_STATE_COUNT) {
                    return(KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
                }

                state = (struct i386_saved_state *) tstate;

                saved_state = USER_REGS(thr_act);

                /*
                 * General registers
                 */
                saved_state->edi = state->edi;
                saved_state->esi = state->esi;
                saved_state->ebp = state->ebp;
                saved_state->uesp = state->uesp;
                saved_state->ebx = state->ebx;
                saved_state->edx = state->edx;
                saved_state->ecx = state->ecx;
                saved_state->eax = state->eax;
                saved_state->eip = state->eip;
                if (kernel_act)
                        saved_state->efl = state->efl;
                else
                        saved_state->efl = (state->efl & ~EFL_USER_CLEAR)
                                                | EFL_USER_SET;

                /*
                 * Segment registers.  Set differently in V8086 mode.
                 */
                if (state->efl & EFL_VM) {
                    /*
                     * Set V8086 mode segment registers.
                     */
                    saved_state->cs = state->cs & 0xffff;
                    saved_state->ss = state->ss & 0xffff;
                    saved_state->v86_segs.v86_ds = state->ds & 0xffff;
                    saved_state->v86_segs.v86_es = state->es & 0xffff;
                    saved_state->v86_segs.v86_fs = state->fs & 0xffff;
                    saved_state->v86_segs.v86_gs = state->gs & 0xffff;

                    /*
                     * Zero protected mode segment registers.
                     */
                    saved_state->ds = 0;
                    saved_state->es = 0;
                    saved_state->fs = 0;
                    saved_state->gs = 0;

                    if (thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.int_table) {
                        /*
                         * Hardware assist on.
                         */
                        thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.flags =
                            state->efl & (EFL_TF | EFL_IF);
                    }
                }
                else if (!kernel_act) {
                    /*
                     * 386 mode.  Set segment registers for flat
                     * 32-bit address space.
                     */
                    saved_state->cs = USER_CS;
                    saved_state->ss = USER_DS;
                    saved_state->ds = USER_DS;
                    saved_state->es = USER_DS;
                    saved_state->fs = USER_DS;
                    saved_state->gs = USER_DS;
                }
                else {
                    /*
                     * User setting segment registers.
                     * Code and stack selectors have already been
                     * checked.  Others will be reset by 'iret'
                     * if they are not valid.
                     */
                    saved_state->cs = state->cs;
                    saved_state->ss = state->ss;
                    saved_state->ds = state->ds;
                    saved_state->es = state->es;
                    saved_state->fs = state->fs;
                    saved_state->gs = state->gs;
                }
                break;
            }

            case i386_NEW_THREAD_STATE:
            case i386_REGS_SEGS_STATE:
            {
                register struct i386_new_thread_state   *state;
                register struct i386_saved_state        *saved_state;

                if (count < i386_NEW_THREAD_STATE_COUNT) {
                    return(KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
                }

                if (flavor == i386_REGS_SEGS_STATE) {
                    /*
                     * Code and stack selectors must not be null,
                     * and must have user protection levels.
                     * Only the low 16 bits are valid.
                     */
                    state->cs &= 0xffff;
                    state->ss &= 0xffff;
                    state->ds &= 0xffff;
                    state->es &= 0xffff;
                    state->fs &= 0xffff;
                    state->gs &= 0xffff;

                    if (!kernel_act &&
                        (state->cs == 0 || (state->cs & SEL_PL) != SEL_PL_U
                        || state->ss == 0 || (state->ss & SEL_PL) != SEL_PL_U))
                        return KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
                }

                state = (struct i386_new_thread_state *) tstate;

                saved_state = USER_REGS(thr_act);

                /*
                 * General registers
                 */
                saved_state->edi = state->edi;
                saved_state->esi = state->esi;
                saved_state->ebp = state->ebp;
                saved_state->uesp = state->uesp;
                saved_state->ebx = state->ebx;
                saved_state->edx = state->edx;
                saved_state->ecx = state->ecx;
                saved_state->eax = state->eax;
                saved_state->eip = state->eip;
                if (kernel_act)
                        saved_state->efl = state->efl;
                else
                        saved_state->efl = (state->efl & ~EFL_USER_CLEAR)
                                                | EFL_USER_SET;

                /*
                 * Segment registers.  Set differently in V8086 mode.
                 */
                if (state->efl & EFL_VM) {
                    /*
                     * Set V8086 mode segment registers.
                     */
                    saved_state->cs = state->cs & 0xffff;
                    saved_state->ss = state->ss & 0xffff;
                    saved_state->v86_segs.v86_ds = state->ds & 0xffff;
                    saved_state->v86_segs.v86_es = state->es & 0xffff;
                    saved_state->v86_segs.v86_fs = state->fs & 0xffff;
                    saved_state->v86_segs.v86_gs = state->gs & 0xffff;

                    /*
                     * Zero protected mode segment registers.
                     */
                    saved_state->ds = 0;
                    saved_state->es = 0;
                    saved_state->fs = 0;
                    saved_state->gs = 0;

                    if (thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.int_table) {
                        /*
                         * Hardware assist on.
                         */
                        thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.flags =
                            state->efl & (EFL_TF | EFL_IF);
                    }
                }
                else if (flavor == i386_NEW_THREAD_STATE && !kernel_act) {
                    /*
                     * 386 mode.  Set segment registers for flat
                     * 32-bit address space.
                     */
                    saved_state->cs = USER_CS;
                    saved_state->ss = USER_DS;
                    saved_state->ds = USER_DS;
                    saved_state->es = USER_DS;
                    saved_state->fs = USER_DS;
                    saved_state->gs = USER_DS;
                }
                else {
                    /*
                     * User setting segment registers.
                     * Code and stack selectors have already been
                     * checked.  Others will be reset by 'iret'
                     * if they are not valid.
                     */
                    saved_state->cs = state->cs;
                    saved_state->ss = state->ss;
                    saved_state->ds = state->ds;
                    saved_state->es = state->es;
                    saved_state->fs = state->fs;
                    saved_state->gs = state->gs;
                }
                break;
            }

            case i386_FLOAT_STATE: {

                if (count < i386_FLOAT_STATE_COUNT)
                        return(KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);

                return fpu_set_state(thr_act,(struct i386_float_state*)tstate);
            }

            /*
             * Temporary - replace by i386_io_map
             */
            case i386_ISA_PORT_MAP_STATE: {
                register struct i386_isa_port_map_state *state;
                register iopb_tss_t     tss;

                if (count < i386_ISA_PORT_MAP_STATE_COUNT)
                        return(KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);

                break;
            }

            case i386_V86_ASSIST_STATE:
            {
                register struct i386_v86_assist_state *state;
                vm_offset_t     int_table;
                int             int_count;

                if (count < i386_V86_ASSIST_STATE_COUNT)
                    return KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT;

                state = (struct i386_v86_assist_state *) tstate;
                int_table = state->int_table;
                int_count = state->int_count;

                if (int_table >= VM_MAX_ADDRESS ||
                    int_table +
                        int_count * sizeof(struct v86_interrupt_table)
                            > VM_MAX_ADDRESS)
                    return KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT;

                thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.int_table = int_table;
                thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.int_count = int_count;

                thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.flags =
                        USER_REGS(thr_act)->efl & (EFL_TF | EFL_IF);
                break;
            }

        case i386_THREAD_STATE: {
                struct i386_saved_state *saved_state;
                i386_thread_state_t     *state25;

                saved_state = USER_REGS(thr_act);
                state25 = (i386_thread_state_t *)tstate;

                saved_state->eax = state25->eax;
                saved_state->ebx = state25->ebx;
                saved_state->ecx = state25->ecx;
                saved_state->edx = state25->edx;
                saved_state->edi = state25->edi;
                saved_state->esi = state25->esi;
                saved_state->ebp = state25->ebp;
                saved_state->uesp = state25->esp;
                saved_state->efl = (state25->eflags & ~EFL_USER_CLEAR)
                                                | EFL_USER_SET;
                saved_state->eip = state25->eip;
                saved_state->cs = USER_CS;      /* FIXME? */
                saved_state->ss = USER_DS;
                saved_state->ds = USER_DS;
                saved_state->es = USER_DS;
                saved_state->fs = USER_DS;
                saved_state->gs = USER_DS;
        }
                break;

            default:
                return(KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
        }

        return(KERN_SUCCESS);
}

/*
 *      thread_getstatus:
 *
 *      Get the status of the specified thread.
 */


kern_return_t
act_machine_get_state(
        thread_act_t thr_act,
        thread_flavor_t flavor,
        thread_state_t tstate,
        mach_msg_type_number_t *count)
{
#if     MACH_ASSERT
        if (watchacts & WA_STATE)
            printf("act_%x act_m_get_state(thr_act=%x,flav=%x,st=%x,cnt@%x=%x)\n",
                current_act(), thr_act, flavor, tstate,
                count, (count ? *count : 0));
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

        switch (flavor)  {

            case i386_SAVED_STATE:
            {
                register struct i386_saved_state        *state;
                register struct i386_saved_state        *saved_state;

                if (*count < i386_SAVED_STATE_COUNT)
                    return(KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);

                state = (struct i386_saved_state *) tstate;
                saved_state = USER_REGS(thr_act);

                /*
                 * First, copy everything:
                 */
                *state = *saved_state;

                if (saved_state->efl & EFL_VM) {
                    /*
                     * V8086 mode.
                     */
                    state->ds = saved_state->v86_segs.v86_ds & 0xffff;
                    state->es = saved_state->v86_segs.v86_es & 0xffff;
                    state->fs = saved_state->v86_segs.v86_fs & 0xffff;
                    state->gs = saved_state->v86_segs.v86_gs & 0xffff;

                    if (thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.int_table) {
                        /*
                         * Hardware assist on
                         */
                        if ((thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.flags &
                                        (EFL_IF|V86_IF_PENDING)) == 0)
                            state->efl &= ~EFL_IF;
                    }
                }
                else {
                    /*
                     * 386 mode.
                     */
                    state->ds = saved_state->ds & 0xffff;
                    state->es = saved_state->es & 0xffff;
                    state->fs = saved_state->fs & 0xffff;
                    state->gs = saved_state->gs & 0xffff;
                }
                *count = i386_SAVED_STATE_COUNT;
                break;
            }

            case i386_NEW_THREAD_STATE:
            case i386_REGS_SEGS_STATE:
            {
                register struct i386_new_thread_state   *state;
                register struct i386_saved_state        *saved_state;

                if (*count < i386_NEW_THREAD_STATE_COUNT)
                    return(KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);

                state = (struct i386_new_thread_state *) tstate;
                saved_state = USER_REGS(thr_act);

                /*
                 * General registers.
                 */
                state->edi = saved_state->edi;
                state->esi = saved_state->esi;
                state->ebp = saved_state->ebp;
                state->ebx = saved_state->ebx;
                state->edx = saved_state->edx;
                state->ecx = saved_state->ecx;
                state->eax = saved_state->eax;
                state->eip = saved_state->eip;
                state->efl = saved_state->efl;
                state->uesp = saved_state->uesp;

                state->cs = saved_state->cs;
                state->ss = saved_state->ss;
                if (saved_state->efl & EFL_VM) {
                    /*
                     * V8086 mode.
                     */
                    state->ds = saved_state->v86_segs.v86_ds & 0xffff;
                    state->es = saved_state->v86_segs.v86_es & 0xffff;
                    state->fs = saved_state->v86_segs.v86_fs & 0xffff;
                    state->gs = saved_state->v86_segs.v86_gs & 0xffff;

                    if (thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.int_table) {
                        /*
                         * Hardware assist on
                         */
                        if ((thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.flags &
                                        (EFL_IF|V86_IF_PENDING)) == 0)
                            state->efl &= ~EFL_IF;
                    }
                }
                else {
                    /*
                     * 386 mode.
                     */
                    state->ds = saved_state->ds & 0xffff;
                    state->es = saved_state->es & 0xffff;
                    state->fs = saved_state->fs & 0xffff;
                    state->gs = saved_state->gs & 0xffff;
                }
                *count = i386_NEW_THREAD_STATE_COUNT;
                break;
            }

            case THREAD_SYSCALL_STATE:
            {
                register struct thread_syscall_state *state;
                register struct i386_saved_state *saved_state = USER_REGS(thr_act);

                state = (struct thread_syscall_state *) tstate;
                state->eax = saved_state->eax;
                state->edx = saved_state->edx;
                state->efl = saved_state->efl;
                state->eip = saved_state->eip;
                state->esp = saved_state->uesp;
                *count = i386_THREAD_SYSCALL_STATE_COUNT;
                break;
            }

            case THREAD_STATE_FLAVOR_LIST:
                if (*count < 5)
                    return (KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
                tstate[0] = i386_NEW_THREAD_STATE;
                tstate[1] = i386_FLOAT_STATE;
                tstate[2] = i386_ISA_PORT_MAP_STATE;
                tstate[3] = i386_V86_ASSIST_STATE;
                tstate[4] = THREAD_SYSCALL_STATE;
                *count = 5;
                break;

            case i386_FLOAT_STATE: {

                if (*count < i386_FLOAT_STATE_COUNT)
                        return(KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);

                *count = i386_FLOAT_STATE_COUNT;
                return fpu_get_state(thr_act,(struct i386_float_state *)tstate);
            }

            /*
             * Temporary - replace by i386_io_map
             */
            case i386_ISA_PORT_MAP_STATE: {
                register struct i386_isa_port_map_state *state;
                register iopb_tss_t tss;

                if (*count < i386_ISA_PORT_MAP_STATE_COUNT)
                        return(KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);

                state = (struct i386_isa_port_map_state *) tstate;
                tss = thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.io_tss;

                if (tss == 0) {
                    int i;

                    /*
                     *  The thread has no ktss, so no IO permissions.
                     */

                    for (i = 0; i < sizeof state->pm; i++)
                        state->pm[i] = 0xff;
                } else {
                    /*
                     *  The thread has its own ktss.
                     */

                    bcopy((char *) tss->bitmap,
                          (char *) state->pm,
                          sizeof state->pm);
                }

                *count = i386_ISA_PORT_MAP_STATE_COUNT;
                break;
            }

            case i386_V86_ASSIST_STATE:
            {
                register struct i386_v86_assist_state *state;

                if (*count < i386_V86_ASSIST_STATE_COUNT)
                    return KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT;

                state = (struct i386_v86_assist_state *) tstate;
                state->int_table = thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.int_table;
                state->int_count = thr_act->mact.pcb->ims.v86s.int_count;

                *count = i386_V86_ASSIST_STATE_COUNT;
                break;
            }

        case i386_THREAD_STATE: {
                struct i386_saved_state *saved_state;
                i386_thread_state_t     *state;

                saved_state = USER_REGS(thr_act);
                state = (i386_thread_state_t *)tstate;

                state->eax = saved_state->eax;
                state->ebx = saved_state->ebx;
                state->ecx = saved_state->ecx;
                state->edx = saved_state->edx;
                state->edi = saved_state->edi;
                state->esi = saved_state->esi;
                state->ebp = saved_state->ebp;
                state->esp = saved_state->uesp;
                state->eflags = saved_state->efl;
                state->eip = saved_state->eip;
                state->cs = saved_state->cs;
                state->ss = saved_state->ss;
                state->ds = saved_state->ds;
                state->es = saved_state->es;
                state->fs = saved_state->fs;
                state->gs = saved_state->gs;
                break;
        }

            default:
                return(KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
        }

        return(KERN_SUCCESS);
}

/*
 * Alter the thread`s state so that a following thread_exception_return
 * will make the thread return 'retval' from a syscall.
 */
void
thread_set_syscall_return(
        thread_t        thread,
        kern_return_t   retval)
{
        thread->top_act->mact.pcb->iss.eax = retval;
}

/*
 * Initialize the machine-dependent state for a new thread.
 */
kern_return_t
thread_machine_create(thread_t thread, thread_act_t thr_act, void (*start_pos)(thread_t))
{
        MachineThrAct_t mact = &thr_act->mact;

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        if (watchacts & WA_PCB)
                printf("thread_machine_create(thr=%x,thr_act=%x,st=%x)\n",
                        thread, thr_act, start_pos);
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

        assert(thread != NULL);
        assert(thr_act != NULL);

        /*
         *      Allocate a kernel stack per shuttle
         */
        thread->kernel_stack = (int)stack_alloc(thread,start_pos);
        assert(thread->kernel_stack != 0);

        /*
         *      Point top of kernel stack to user`s registers.
         */
        STACK_IEL(thread->kernel_stack)->saved_state = &mact->pcb->iss;

        /*
         * Utah code fiddles with pcb here - (we don't need to)
         */
        return(KERN_SUCCESS);
}

/*
 * Machine-dependent cleanup prior to destroying a thread
 */
void
thread_machine_destroy( thread_t thread )
{
        spl_t s;

        if (thread->kernel_stack != 0) {
                s = splsched();
                stack_free(thread);
                splx(s);
        }
}

/*
 * This is used to set the current thr_act/thread
 * when starting up a new processor
 */
void
thread_machine_set_current( thread_t thread )
{
        register int    my_cpu;

        mp_disable_preemption();
        my_cpu = cpu_number();

        cpu_data[my_cpu].active_thread = thread;
        active_kloaded[my_cpu] =
                thread->top_act->kernel_loaded ? thread->top_act : THR_ACT_NULL;

        mp_enable_preemption();
}


/*
 * Pool of kernel activations.
 */

void act_machine_init()
{
        int i;
        thread_act_t thr_act;

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        if (watchacts & WA_PCB)
                printf("act_machine_init()\n");
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

        /* Good to verify this once */
        assert( THREAD_MACHINE_STATE_MAX <= THREAD_STATE_MAX );

        /*
         * If we start using kernel activations,
         * would normally create kernel_thread_pool here,
         * populating it from the act_zone
         */
}

kern_return_t
act_machine_create(task_t task, thread_act_t thr_act)
{
        MachineThrAct_t mact = &thr_act->mact;
        pcb_t pcb;

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        if (watchacts & WA_PCB)
                printf("act_machine_create(task=%x,thr_act=%x) pcb=%x\n",
                        task,thr_act, &mact->xxx_pcb);
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

        /*
         * Clear & Init the pcb  (sets up user-mode s regs)
         */
        pcb_init(thr_act);

        return KERN_SUCCESS;
}

void
act_virtual_machine_destroy(thread_act_t thr_act)
{
        return;
}

void
act_machine_destroy(thread_act_t thr_act)
{

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        if (watchacts & WA_PCB)
                printf("act_machine_destroy(0x%x)\n", thr_act);
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

        pcb_terminate(thr_act);
}

void
act_machine_return(int code)
{
        thread_act_t    thr_act = current_act();

#if     MACH_ASSERT
        /*
        * We don't go through the locking dance here needed to
        * acquire thr_act->thread safely.
        */

        if (watchacts & WA_EXIT)
                printf("act_machine_return(0x%x) cur_act=%x(%d) thr=%x(%d)\n",
                        code, thr_act, thr_act->ref_count,
                       thr_act->thread, thr_act->thread->ref_count);
#endif  /* MACH_ASSERT */

        /*
         * This code is called with nothing locked.
         * It also returns with nothing locked, if it returns.
         *
         * This routine terminates the current thread activation.
         * If this is the only activation associated with its
         * thread shuttle, then the entire thread (shuttle plus
         * activation) is terminated.
         */
        assert( code == KERN_TERMINATED );
        assert( thr_act );

#ifdef CALLOUT_RPC_MODEL
        /*
         * JMM - RPC is not going to be done with a callout/direct-
         * stack manipulation mechanism.  Instead we will return/
         * unwind normally as if from a continuation.
         */
        act_lock_thread(thr_act);

        if (thr_act->thread->top_act != thr_act) {
                /*
                 * this is not the top activation;
                 * if possible, we should clone the shuttle so that
                 * both the root RPC-chain and the soon-to-be-orphaned
                 * RPC-chain have shuttles
                 *
                 * JMM - Cloning shuttles isn't the right approach.  We
                 * need to alert the higher up activations to return our
                 * shuttle (because scheduling attributes may TRUELY be
                 * unique and not cloneable.
                 */
                act_unlock_thread(thr_act);
                panic("act_machine_return: ORPHAN CASE NOT YET IMPLEMENTED");
        }

        if (thr_act->lower != THR_ACT_NULL) {
                thread_t        cur_thread = current_thread();
                thread_act_t    cur_act;
                struct ipc_port *iplock;

                /* send it an appropriate return code */
                thr_act->lower->alerts |= SERVER_TERMINATED;
                install_special_handler(thr_act->lower);

                /* Return to previous act with error code */
                act_locked_act_reference(thr_act);      /* keep it around */
                act_switch_swapcheck(cur_thread, (ipc_port_t)0);
                (void) switch_act(THR_ACT_NULL);
                /* assert(thr_act->ref_count == 0); */          /* XXX */
                cur_act = cur_thread->top_act;
                MACH_RPC_RET(cur_act) = KERN_RPC_SERVER_TERMINATED;         
             
                machine_kernel_stack_init(cur_thread, mach_rpc_return_error);
                /*
                 * The following unlocks must be done separately since fields 
                 * used by `act_unlock_thread()' have been cleared, meaning
                 * that it would not release all of the appropriate locks.
                 */
                iplock = thr_act->pool_port;    /* remember for unlock call */
                rpc_unlock(cur_thread);
                if (iplock) ip_unlock(iplock);  /* must be done separately */
                act_unlock(thr_act);
                act_deallocate(thr_act);                /* free it */
                Load_context(cur_thread);
                /*NOTREACHED*/

                panic("act_machine_return: TALKING ZOMBIE! (2)");
        }
        act_unlock_thread(thr_act);

#endif /* CALLOUT_RPC_MODEL */

        /* This is the only activation attached to the shuttle... */
        /* terminate the entire thread (shuttle plus activation) */

        assert(thr_act->thread->top_act == thr_act);
        thread_terminate_self();

        /*NOTREACHED*/

        panic("act_machine_return: TALKING ZOMBIE! (1)");
}


/*
 * Perform machine-dependent per-thread initializations
 */
void
thread_machine_init(void)
{
        pcb_module_init();
}

/*
 * Some routines for debugging activation code
 */
static void     dump_handlers(thread_act_t);
void    dump_regs(thread_act_t);

static void
dump_handlers(thread_act_t thr_act)
{
    ReturnHandler *rhp = thr_act->handlers;
    int counter = 0;

    printf("\t");
    while (rhp) {
        if (rhp == &thr_act->special_handler){
            if (rhp->next)
                printf("[NON-Zero next ptr(%x)]", rhp->next);
            printf("special_handler()->");
            break;
        }
        printf("hdlr_%d(%x)->",counter,rhp->handler);
        rhp = rhp->next;
        if (++counter > 32) {
                printf("Aborting: HUGE handler chain\n");
                break;
        }
    }
    printf("HLDR_NULL\n");
}

void
dump_regs(thread_act_t thr_act)
{
        if (thr_act->mact.pcb) {
                register struct i386_saved_state *ssp = USER_REGS(thr_act);
                /* Print out user register state */
                printf("\tRegs:\tedi=%x esi=%x ebp=%x ebx=%x edx=%x\n",
                    ssp->edi, ssp->esi, ssp->ebp, ssp->ebx, ssp->edx);
                printf("\t\tecx=%x eax=%x eip=%x efl=%x uesp=%x\n",
                    ssp->ecx, ssp->eax, ssp->eip, ssp->efl, ssp->uesp);
                printf("\t\tcs=%x ss=%x\n", ssp->cs, ssp->ss);
        }
}

int
dump_act(thread_act_t thr_act)
{
        if (!thr_act)
                return(0);

        printf("thr_act(0x%x)(%d): thread=%x(%d) task=%x(%d)\n",
               thr_act, thr_act->ref_count,
               thr_act->thread, thr_act->thread ? thr_act->thread->ref_count:0,
               thr_act->task,   thr_act->task   ? thr_act->task->ref_count : 0);

        if (thr_act->pool_port) {
            thread_pool_t actpp = &thr_act->pool_port->ip_thread_pool;
            printf("\tpool(acts_p=%x, waiting=%d) pool_next %x\n",
                actpp->thr_acts, actpp->waiting, thr_act->thread_pool_next);
        }else
            printf("\tno thread_pool\n");

        printf("\talerts=%x mask=%x susp=%d user_stop=%d active=%x ast=%x\n",
                       thr_act->alerts, thr_act->alert_mask,
                       thr_act->suspend_count, thr_act->user_stop_count,
                       thr_act->active, thr_act->ast);
        printf("\thi=%x lo=%x\n", thr_act->higher, thr_act->lower);
        printf("\tpcb=%x\n", thr_act->mact.pcb);

        if (thr_act->thread && thr_act->thread->kernel_stack) {
            vm_offset_t stack = thr_act->thread->kernel_stack;

            printf("\tk_stk %x  eip %x ebx %x esp %x iss %x\n",
                stack, STACK_IKS(stack)->k_eip, STACK_IKS(stack)->k_ebx,
                STACK_IKS(stack)->k_esp, STACK_IEL(stack)->saved_state);
        }

        dump_handlers(thr_act);
        dump_regs(thr_act);
        return((int)thr_act);
}
unsigned int
get_useraddr()
{
  
        thread_act_t thr_act = current_act();
 
        if (thr_act->mact.pcb) 
                return(thr_act->mact.pcb->iss.eip);
        else 
                return(0);

}

void
thread_swapin_mach_alloc(thread_t thread)
{

  /* 386 does not have saveareas */

}
/*
 * detach and return a kernel stack from a thread
 */

vm_offset_t
stack_detach(thread_t thread)
{
  vm_offset_t stack;

                KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED,MACH_STACK_DETACH),
                        thread, thread->priority,
                        thread->sched_pri, 0,
                        0);

  stack = thread->kernel_stack;
  thread->kernel_stack = 0;
  return(stack);
}

/*
 * attach a kernel stack to a thread and initialize it
 */

void
stack_attach(struct thread_shuttle *thread,
             vm_offset_t stack,
             void (*start_pos)(thread_t))
{
  struct i386_kernel_state *statep;
  thread_act_t thr_act;

                KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED,MACH_STACK_ATTACH),
                        thread, thread->priority,
                        thread->sched_pri, continuation, 
                        0);

  assert(stack);
  statep = STACK_IKS(stack);
  thread->kernel_stack = stack;

  statep->k_eip = (unsigned long) Thread_continue;
  statep->k_ebx = (unsigned long) start_pos;
  statep->k_esp = (unsigned long) STACK_IEL(stack);

  STACK_IEL(stack)->saved_state = &thr_act->mact.pcb->iss;

  return;
}

/*
 * move a stack from old to new thread
 */

void
stack_handoff(thread_t old,
              thread_t new)
{

  vm_offset_t stack;
  pmap_t new_pmap;

                KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED,MACH_STACK_HANDOFF),
                        thread, thread->priority,
                        thread->sched_pri, continuation, 
                        0);

  assert(new->top_act);
  assert(old->top_act);

  stack = stack_detach(old);
  stack_attach(new, stack, 0);

  new_pmap = new->top_act->task->map->pmap;
  if (old->top_act->task->map->pmap != new_pmap)
        PMAP_ACTIVATE_MAP(new->top_act->task->map, cpu_number());

  thread_machine_set_current(new);

  active_stacks[cpu_number()] = new->kernel_stack;

  return;
}