[apple/xnu.git] / tools / tests / xnu_quick_test / tests.c

/*
 *  tests.c
 *  xnu_quick_test
 *
 *  Created by Jerry Cottingham on 3/25/05.
 *  Copyright 2008 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 */

#include "tests.h"
#include <sys/ipc.h>            /* for message queue tests */
#include <sys/msg.h>            /* for message queue tests */
#include <sys/syscall.h>        /* for get / settid */
#include <sys/sysctl.h>         /* for determining hw */
#include <sys/kas_info.h>       /* for kas_info() */
#include <AvailabilityMacros.h> /* for determination of Mac OS X version (tiger, leopard, etc.) */
#include <libkern/OSByteOrder.h> /* for OSSwap32() */
#include <mach/mach.h>


extern char             g_target_path[ PATH_MAX ];
extern int              g_skip_setuid_tests;
extern int              g_is_single_user;


void print_acct_debug_strings( char * my_ac_comm );


#if TEST_SYSTEM_CALLS /* system calls to do */
        "reboot",             /* 55 = reboot */
        "revoke",             /* 56 = revoke */
        "sbrk",               /* 69 = sbrk */
        "sstk",               /* 70 = sstk */
        "mount",              /* 167 = mount */
        "unmount",            /* 159 = unmount */
        "undelete",           /* 205 = undelete */
        "watchevent",         /* 231 = watchevent */
        "waitevent",          /* 232 = waitevent */
        "modwatch",           /* 233 = modwatch */
        "fsctl",              /* 242 = fsctl */
        "initgroups",         /* 243 = initgroups */
        "semsys",             /* 251 = semsys */
        "semconfig",          /* 257 = semconfig */
        "msgsys",             /* 252 = msgsys */
        "shmsys",             /* 253 = shmsys */
        "load_shared_file",   /* 296 = load_shared_file */
        "reset_shared_file",  /* 297 = reset_shared_file */
        "new_system_shared_regions",  /* 298 = new_system_shared_regions */
        "shared_region_map_file_np",  /* 299 = shared_region_map_file_np */
        "shared_region_make_private_np",  /* 300 = shared_region_make_private_np */
        "__pthread_kill",     /* 328 = __pthread_kill */
        "pthread_sigmask",    /* 329 = pthread_sigmask */
        "__disable_threadsignal",  /* 331 = __disable_threadsignal */
        "__pthread_markcancel",  /* 332 = __pthread_markcancel */
        "__pthread_canceled",  /* 333 = __pthread_canceled */
        "__semwait_signal",   /* 334 = __semwait_signal */
        "audit",              /* 350 = audit */
        "auditon",            /* 351 = auditon */
        "getaudit",           /* 355 = getaudit */
        "setaudit",           /* 356 = setaudit */
        "getaudit_addr",      /* 357 = getaudit_addr */
        "setaudit_addr",      /* 358 = setaudit_addr */
        "auditctl",           /* 359 = auditctl */
#endif

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test the syscall system call.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int syscall_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        char *                  my_pathp;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;
        
        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcpy( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* use an indirect system call to open our test file.
         * I picked open since it uses a path pointer which grows to 64 bits in an LP64 environment.
         */
        my_fd = syscall( SYS_open, my_pathp, (O_RDWR | O_EXCL), 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t file we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );     
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
         }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test fork wait4, and exit system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int fork_wait4_exit_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                             my_err, my_status;
    pid_t                       my_pid, my_wait_pid;
        struct rusage   my_usage;

        /* spin off another process */
        my_pid = fork( );
        if ( my_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "fork failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                return( -1 );
        }
        else if ( my_pid == 0 ) {
                struct stat             my_sb;
                
                /* child process does very little then exits */
                my_err = stat( &g_target_path[0], &my_sb );
                if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                        printf( "stat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        printf( "\t path we stated \"%s\" \n", &g_target_path[0] );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                exit( 44 );
        }
        
        /* parent process waits for child to exit */
        my_wait_pid = wait4( my_pid, &my_status, 0, &my_usage );
        if ( my_wait_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "wait4 failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                return( -1 );
        }

        /* wait4 should return our child's pid when it exits */
        if ( my_wait_pid != my_pid ) {
                printf( "wait4 did not return child pid - returned %d should be %d \n", my_wait_pid, my_pid );
                return( -1 );
        }

        /* kind of just guessing on these values so if this fails we should take a closer 
         * look at the returned rusage structure. 
         */
        if ( my_usage.ru_utime.tv_sec > 1 || my_usage.ru_stime.tv_sec > 1 ||
                 my_usage.ru_majflt > 1000 || my_usage.ru_msgsnd > 100 ) {
                printf( "wait4 returned an odd looking rusage structure \n" );
                return( -1 );
        }

        if ( WIFEXITED( my_status ) && WEXITSTATUS( my_status ) == 44 ) {
        }
        else {
                printf( "wait4 returned wrong exit status - 0x%02X \n", my_status );
                return( -1 );
        }
         
        return( 0 );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test fsync, ftruncate, lseek, pread, pwrite, read, readv, truncate, write, writev system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int read_write_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        int                     my_err;
        char *                  my_pathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_bufp = NULL;
        ssize_t                 my_result;
        off_t                   my_current_offset;
        struct iovec            my_iovs[2];
        struct stat             my_sb;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_bufp, MY_BUFFER_SIZE, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t file we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* should get EOF since the file is empty at this point */
        my_result = read( my_fd, my_bufp, 10);
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "read call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_result != 0 ) {
                if ( sizeof( ssize_t ) > sizeof( int ) ) {
                        printf( "read call failed - should have read 0 bytes on empty file - read %ld \n", (long int) my_result );
                }
                else {
                        printf( "read call failed - should have read 0 bytes on empty file - read %d \n", (int) my_result );
                }
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* this write should fail since we opened for read only */
        my_result = write( my_fd, my_bufp, 10 );
        my_err = errno;
        if ( my_result != -1 ) {
                if ( sizeof( ssize_t ) > sizeof( int ) ) {
                        printf( "write should have failed for read only fd -  %ld \n", (long int) my_result );
                }
                else {
                        printf( "write should have failed for read only fd -  %d \n", (int) my_result );
                }
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_err != EBADF ) {
                printf( "write call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "should have failed with EBADF error %d \n", EBADF );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* now really write some data */
        close( my_fd );
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t file we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        memset( my_bufp, 'j', MY_BUFFER_SIZE );
        my_result = write( my_fd, my_bufp, MY_BUFFER_SIZE );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "write call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_result != MY_BUFFER_SIZE ) {
                printf( "write failed to write out all the data \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* push data to disk */
        my_err = fsync( my_fd );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "fsync failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* now verify the write worked OK using readv */
        lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_SET );    
        bzero( (void *)my_bufp, MY_BUFFER_SIZE );
        my_iovs[0].iov_base = my_bufp;
        my_iovs[0].iov_len = 16;
        my_iovs[1].iov_base = (my_bufp + MY_BUFFER_SIZE - 16) ;
        my_iovs[1].iov_len = 16;

        my_result = readv( my_fd, &my_iovs[0], 2 );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "readv call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_result != 32 ) {
                printf( "readv failed to get all the data - asked for %d got back %d\n", MY_BUFFER_SIZE, (int) my_result );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( *my_bufp != 'j' || *(my_bufp + (MY_BUFFER_SIZE - 1)) != 'j' ) {
                printf( "readv failed to get correct data \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test ftruncate */
        my_err = ftruncate( my_fd, 0 );         
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "ftruncate call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = fstat( my_fd, &my_sb );        
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "fstat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_sb.st_size != 0 ) {
                printf( "ftruncate call failed - file size is wrong \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* test writev */
        lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_SET );    
        memset( my_bufp, 'z', MY_BUFFER_SIZE );
        my_iovs[0].iov_base = my_bufp;
        my_iovs[0].iov_len = 8;
        my_iovs[1].iov_base = (my_bufp + MY_BUFFER_SIZE - 8) ;
        my_iovs[1].iov_len = 8;
        my_result = writev( my_fd, &my_iovs[0], 2 );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "writev call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_result != 16 ) {
                printf( "writev failed to get all the data - asked for %d got back %d\n", MY_BUFFER_SIZE, (int) my_result );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* now verify the writev worked OK */
        lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_SET );    
        bzero( (void *)my_bufp, MY_BUFFER_SIZE );
        my_iovs[0].iov_base = my_bufp;
        my_iovs[0].iov_len = 8;
        my_iovs[1].iov_base = (my_bufp + MY_BUFFER_SIZE - 8) ;
        my_iovs[1].iov_len = 8;

        my_result = readv( my_fd, &my_iovs[0], 2 );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "readv call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_result != 16 ) {
                printf( "readv failed to get all the data - asked for %d got back %d\n", MY_BUFFER_SIZE, (int) my_result );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( *my_bufp != 'z' || *(my_bufp + (MY_BUFFER_SIZE - 1)) != 'z' ) {
                printf( "readv failed to get correct data \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test pread and pwrite */
        my_current_offset = lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_CUR );
        if ( my_current_offset == -1 ) {
                printf( "lseek call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
         
        my_result =  pwrite( my_fd, "jer", 3, my_current_offset );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "pwrite call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_result != 3 ) {
                printf( "pwrite failed to write all the data \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* make sure file position did not advance */
        if ( my_current_offset != lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_CUR ) ) {
                printf( "pwrite advanced file positiion \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
         
        bzero( (void *)my_bufp, MY_BUFFER_SIZE );
        my_result =  pread( my_fd, my_bufp, 3, my_current_offset );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "pread call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_result != 3 ) {
                printf( "pread failed to write all the data \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure file position did not advance */
        if ( my_current_offset != lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_CUR ) ) {
                printf( "pread advanced file positiion \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* make sure pread and pwrite transferred correct data */
        if ( strcmp( my_bufp, "jer" ) != 0 ) {
                printf( "pread or pwrite failed to read / write correct data \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test truncate */
        my_err = truncate( my_pathp, 0 );               
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "truncate call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );      
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_sb.st_size != 0 ) {
                printf( "truncate call failed - file size is wrong \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
                                
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        if ( my_bufp != NULL )
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_bufp, MY_BUFFER_SIZE);
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test close, fpathconf, fstat, open, pathconf system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int open_close_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int             my_err;
        int             my_fd = -1;
        char *          my_pathp = NULL;
        ssize_t         my_result;
        long            my_pconf_result;
        struct stat     my_sb;
        char            my_buffer[32];
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /*  test O_WRONLY case */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_WRONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t file we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test pathconf and fpathconf */
        my_pconf_result = pathconf( my_pathp, _PC_PATH_MAX );
        if ( my_pconf_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "pathconf - _PC_PATH_MAX - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }       
//      printf( "_PC_PATH_MAX %ld \n", my_pconf_result );
        /* results look OK? */
        if ( my_pconf_result < PATH_MAX ) {
                printf( "pathconf - _PC_PATH_MAX - looks like wrong results \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        } 

        my_pconf_result = fpathconf( my_fd, _PC_NAME_MAX );
        if ( my_pconf_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "fpathconf - _PC_PATH_MAX - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }       
//      printf( "_PC_NAME_MAX %ld \n", my_pconf_result );
        /* results look OK? */
        if ( my_pconf_result < 6 ) {
                printf( "fpathconf - _PC_NAME_MAX - looks like wrong results \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        } 

        /* write some data then try to read it */
        my_result = write( my_fd, "kat", 3 );
        my_err = errno;
        if ( my_result != 3 ) {
                if ( sizeof( ssize_t ) > sizeof( int ) ) {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %ld \n", (long int) my_result );
                }
                else {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %d \n", (int) my_result );
                }
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* Try to read - this should fail since we opened file with O_WRONLY */
        my_result = read( my_fd, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        my_err = errno;
        if ( my_result != -1 ) {
                printf( "read call should have failed with errno 9 (EBADF) \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        else if ( my_err != EBADF ) {
                printf( "read call should have failed with errno 9 (EBADF).  actually failed with %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        close( my_fd );

        /*  test O_TRUNC and O_APPEND case */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, (O_RDWR | O_TRUNC | O_APPEND), 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t file we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_result = read( my_fd, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "read call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_result != 0 ) {
                printf( "read failed - should have read 0 bytes. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_result = write( my_fd, "kat", 3 );
        my_err = errno;
        if ( my_result != 3 ) {
                if ( sizeof( ssize_t ) > sizeof( int ) ) {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %ld \n", (long int) my_result );
                }
                else {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %d \n", (int) my_result );
                }
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* add some more data to the test file - this should be appended */
        lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_SET );
        my_result = write( my_fd, "zzz", 3 );
        my_err = errno;
        if ( my_result != 3 ) {
                if ( sizeof( ssize_t ) > sizeof( int ) ) {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %ld \n", (long int) my_result );
                }
                else {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %d \n", (int) my_result );
                }
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
                        
        /* now verify the writes */
        bzero( (void *)&my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_SET );
        my_result = read( my_fd, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "read call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_buffer[0] != 'k' || my_buffer[5] != 'z' ) {
                printf( "read failed to get correct data \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test fstat */
        my_err = fstat( my_fd, &my_sb );        
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "fstat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_sb.st_size != 6 ) {
                printf( "fstat call failed - st_size is wrong \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( !S_ISREG( my_sb.st_mode ) ) {
                printf( "fstat call failed - st_mode does not indicate regular file \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
         
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test link, stat and unlink system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int link_stat_unlink_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        char *                  my_pathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_path2p = NULL;
        nlink_t                 my_link_count;
        ssize_t                 my_result;
        struct stat             my_sb;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_path2p, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        *my_path2p = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* now create a name for the link file */
        strcat( my_path2p, my_pathp );
        strcat( my_path2p, "link" );
        
        /* get the current link count */
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_link_count = my_sb.st_nlink;
        
        /* check file size (should be 0) */
        if ( my_sb.st_size != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat structure looks bogus for test file \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                printf( "st_size is not 0 \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* change file size */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t file we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_result = write( my_fd, "kat", 3 );
        my_err = errno;
        if ( my_result != 3 ) {
                if ( sizeof( ssize_t ) > sizeof( int ) ) {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %ld \n", (long int) my_result );
                }
                else {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %d \n", (int) my_result );
                }
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        close( my_fd );
        my_fd = -1;
        
        /* now link another file to our test file and recheck link count */
        my_err = link( my_pathp, my_path2p );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "link call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( (my_link_count + 1) != my_sb.st_nlink ) {
                printf( "stat structure looks bogus for test file \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                printf( "incorrect st_nlink \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* check file size (should be 3) */
        if ( my_sb.st_size != 3 ) {
                printf( "stat structure looks bogus for test file \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                printf( "st_size is not 3 \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* now make sure unlink works OK */
        my_err = unlink( my_path2p );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "unlink call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_link_count != my_sb.st_nlink ) {
                printf( "stat structure looks bogus for test file \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                printf( "incorrect st_nlink \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
        }
        if ( my_path2p != NULL ) {
                remove( my_path2p );    
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_path2p, PATH_MAX);
        }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test chdir and fchdir system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int chdir_fchdir_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        char *                  my_pathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_file_namep;
        struct stat             my_sb;
        struct stat             my_sb2;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        char *cwd = getwd(NULL);        /* Save current working directory so we can restore later */

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* test by doing a stat on the test file using a full path and a partial path.
         * get full path first.
         */
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* now do the chdir to our test directory and then do the stat relative to that location */
        my_err = chdir( &g_target_path[0] );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "chdir call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_file_namep = strrchr( my_pathp, '/' );
        my_file_namep++;
        my_err = stat( my_file_namep, &my_sb2 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* both stat buffers should contain the same data since they should be referencing the same
         * file.
         */
        if ( my_sb.st_ino != my_sb2.st_ino || my_sb.st_size != my_sb2.st_size ||
                 my_sb.st_mtimespec.tv_sec != my_sb2.st_mtimespec.tv_sec ||
                 my_sb.st_mtimespec.tv_nsec != my_sb2.st_mtimespec.tv_nsec  ) {
                printf( "chdir call appears to have failed.  stat buffer contents do not match! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* now change our current directory to "/" and use fchdir to get back to our test directory */
        my_err = chdir( "/" );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "chdir call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* we should not find our test file at the root of the volume */
        my_err = stat( my_file_namep, &my_sb2 );
        if ( my_err == 0 ) {
                printf( "chdir to root volume has failed \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* get a file descriptor to the test directory for use with fchdir */
        my_fd = open( &g_target_path[0], O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", &g_target_path[0] );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = fchdir( my_fd );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "fchdir call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = stat( my_file_namep, &my_sb2 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* both stat buffers should contain the same data since they should be referencing the same
         * file.
         */
        if ( my_sb.st_ino != my_sb2.st_ino || my_sb.st_size != my_sb2.st_size ||
                 my_sb.st_mtimespec.tv_sec != my_sb2.st_mtimespec.tv_sec ||
                 my_sb.st_mtimespec.tv_nsec != my_sb2.st_mtimespec.tv_nsec  ) {
                printf( "chdir call appears to have failed.  stat buffer contents do not match! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        if ( chdir(cwd) != 0)   /* Changes back to original directory, don't screw up the env. */
                my_err = -1;
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test access, chmod and fchmod system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int access_chmod_fchmod_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int             error_occurred;
        int             my_err;
        int             my_fd = -1;

        char *          my_pathp = NULL;

        uid_t           euid,ruid;
        struct stat     my_sb;

        FILE *          file_handle;

        kern_return_t   my_kr;


        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        
        /* test chmod */
        my_err = chmod( my_pathp, S_IRWXU );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "chmod call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = chmod( my_pathp, (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP) );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "chmod call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test access - this should fail */
        my_err = access( my_pathp, (X_OK) );
        if ( my_err == 0 ) {
                printf( "access call should have failed, but did not. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        else if ( my_err == -1  ) {
                int tmp = 0;
                tmp = getuid( );
                
                /* special case when running as root - we get back EPERM when running as root */
                my_err = errno;
                if ( ( tmp == 0 && my_err != EPERM) || (tmp != 0 && my_err != EACCES) ) {
                        printf( "access failed with errno %d - %s. \n", my_err, strerror( my_err ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        /* verify correct modes are set */
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        if ( (my_sb.st_mode & (S_IRWXO | S_IXGRP)) != 0 ||
                 (my_sb.st_mode & (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP)) == 0 ) {
                printf( "chmod call appears to have failed.  stat shows incorrect values in st_mode! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        
        /*  another test for the access system call  -- refer ro radar# 6725311 */


        /*
         * This test makes sure that the access system call does not give the current user extra
         * permissions on files the current user does not own. From radar #6725311, this could
         * happen when the current user calls access() on a file owned by the current user in
         * the same directory as the other files not owned by the current user.
         * 
         * Note: This test expects that the effective uid (euid) is set to root.
         *
         */

        /* Create a file that root owns  */
        file_handle = fopen(FILE_NOTME, "w");
        fclose(file_handle);

        /* Currently running as root (through setreuid manipulation), switch to running as the current user. */
        euid = geteuid();
        ruid = getuid();
        setreuid(ruid, ruid);

        /* Create a file that the current user owns  */
        file_handle = fopen(FILE_ME, "w");
        fclose(file_handle);

        error_occurred = 0;

        /* Try to remove the file owned by root (this should fail). */
        my_err = unlink(FILE_NOTME);

        if (my_err < 0) {
                my_err = errno;
        }

        if (my_err == 0) {
                printf("Unresolved: First attempt deleted '" FILE_NOTME "'! \n");
                error_occurred = 1;
        } else {
                printf("Status: First attempt to delete '" FILE_NOTME "' failed with error %d - %s.\n", my_err, strerror( my_err ));

                /* Set _DELETE_OK on a file that the current user owns */
                access(FILE_ME, _DELETE_OK);

                /* Try to remove the file owned by root again (should give us: EPERM [13]) */
                my_err = unlink(FILE_NOTME);

                if (my_err < 0) {
                    my_err = errno;
                }

                if (my_err == 0) {
                        printf("Failed: Second attempt deleted '" FILE_NOTME "'!\n");
                        error_occurred = 1;
                } else if (my_err == 13) {
                        printf("Passed: Second attempt to delete '" FILE_NOTME "' failed with error %d - %s.\n", my_err, strerror( my_err ));
                } else {
                        printf("Failed: Second attempt to delete '" FILE_NOTME "' failed with error %d - %s.\n", my_err, strerror( my_err ));
                        error_occurred = 1;
                }
        }

        /* Reset to running as root */
        setreuid(ruid, euid);

        if(error_occurred == 1) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }


        /* end of test*/
        
        
        /* test fchmod */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", &g_target_path[0] );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = fchmod( my_fd, S_IRWXU );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "fchmod call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* verify correct modes are set */
        if ( (my_sb.st_mode & (S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO)) != 0 ||
                 (my_sb.st_mode & (S_IRWXU)) == 0 ) {
                printf( "fchmod call appears to have failed.  stat shows incorrect values in st_mode! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
                
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );     
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
         }
        return( my_err );
}

static bool _prime_groups(void)
{
        /*
         * prime groups with a known list to ensure consistent test behavior
         */
        
        gid_t   my_exp_groups[] = { getegid(), 20, 61, 12 };
        int             my_err;

        my_err = setgroups( ( sizeof(my_exp_groups) / sizeof(*my_exp_groups) ), &my_exp_groups[0] );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "initial setgroups call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                return false;
        }

        return true;
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test chown, fchown, lchown, lstat, readlink, symlink system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int chown_fchown_lchown_lstat_symlink_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, my_group_count, i;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        char *                  my_pathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_link_pathp = NULL;
        uid_t                   my_orig_uid;
        gid_t                   my_orig_gid, my_new_gid1 = 0, my_new_gid2 = 0;
        ssize_t                 my_result;
        struct stat             my_sb;
        gid_t                   my_groups[ NGROUPS_MAX ];
        char                    my_buffer[ 64 ];
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_link_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_link_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_link_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_link_pathp, "/" );

        /* get a test file name for the link */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_link_pathp, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        if ( !_prime_groups() ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* set up by getting a list of groups */
        my_group_count = getgroups( NGROUPS_MAX, &my_groups[0] );
        
        if ( my_group_count == -1 || my_group_count < 1 ) {
                printf( "getgroups call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* now change group owner to something other than current value */
        my_orig_gid = my_sb.st_gid;
        my_orig_uid = my_sb.st_uid;
        
        for ( i = 0; i < my_group_count; i++ ) {
                if ( my_orig_gid != my_groups[ i ] ) {
                        if ( my_new_gid1 == 0 ) {
                                my_new_gid1 = my_groups[ i ];
                        }
                        else if( my_new_gid1 != my_groups[ i ] ) {
                                my_new_gid2 = my_groups[ i ];
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }
        if ( i >= my_group_count ) {
                printf( "not enough groups to choose from.  st_gid is the same as current groups! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
                
        my_err = chown( my_pathp, my_orig_uid, my_new_gid1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "chown call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure the group owner was changed */
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_sb.st_gid == my_orig_gid ) {
                printf( "chown call failed.  st_gid is not correct! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* change group owner back using fchown */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", &g_target_path[0] );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = fchown( my_fd, my_orig_uid, my_new_gid2 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "fchown call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure the group owner was changed back to the original value */
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_sb.st_gid == my_new_gid1 ) {
                printf( "fchown call failed.  st_gid is not correct! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* create a link file and test lchown */
        my_err = symlink( my_pathp, my_link_pathp );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "symlink call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
         
        my_err = lstat( my_link_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "lstat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* now change group owner to something other than current value */
        my_orig_gid = my_sb.st_gid;
        my_orig_uid = my_sb.st_uid;
        my_err = lchown( my_link_pathp, my_orig_uid, my_new_gid1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "lchown call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure the group owner was changed to new value */
        my_err = lstat( my_link_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "lstat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_sb.st_gid == my_new_gid2 ) {
                printf( "lchown call failed.  st_gid is not correct! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure we can read the symlink file */
        my_result = readlink( my_link_pathp, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "readlink call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        /* make sure we read some data */
        if ( my_result < 1 ) {
                printf( "readlink failed to read any data. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        if ( my_link_pathp != NULL ) {
                unlink( my_link_pathp );        
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_link_pathp, PATH_MAX);
         }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test fstatfs, getattrlist, getfsstat, statfs, getfsstat64, statfs64, fstatfs64 system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
 
#pragma pack(4)
struct vol_attr_buf {
        u_int32_t       length;
        off_t           volume_size;
        u_int32_t       io_blksize;
};
#pragma pack()
typedef struct vol_attr_buf vol_attr_buf;

#define STATFS_TEST_PATH        "/tmp"

int fs_stat_tests( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, my_count, i;
        int                     my_buffer_size, my_buffer64_size;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        int                     is_ufs = 0;
        long            my_io_size;
        fsid_t          my_fsid;
        struct attrlist         my_attrlist;
        vol_attr_buf        my_attr_buf;
        void *                          my_bufferp = NULL;
        struct statfs *         my_statfsp;
        kern_return_t       my_kr;

        void * my_buffer64p = NULL;
        struct statfs64 *       my_statfs64p;

        my_buffer64_size = (sizeof(struct statfs64) * 10);

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(),(vm_address_t*) &my_buffer64p, my_buffer64_size, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
          printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
          goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_buffer_size = (sizeof(struct statfs) * 10);
     
        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(),(vm_address_t*) &my_bufferp, my_buffer_size, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_statfsp = (struct statfs *) my_bufferp;
        my_err = statfs( STATFS_TEST_PATH, my_statfsp );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "statfs call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( memcmp( &my_statfsp->f_fstypename[0], "ufs", 3 ) == 0 ) {
                is_ufs = 1;
        }
        
        my_count = getfsstat( (struct statfs *)my_bufferp, my_buffer_size, MNT_NOWAIT );
        if ( my_count == -1 ) {
                printf( "getfsstat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* validate results */
        my_statfsp = (struct statfs *) my_bufferp;
        for ( i = 0; i < my_count; i++, my_statfsp++ ) {
                if ( memcmp( &my_statfsp->f_fstypename[0], "hfs", 3 ) == 0 ||
                         memcmp( &my_statfsp->f_fstypename[0], "ufs", 3 ) == 0 ||
                         memcmp( &my_statfsp->f_fstypename[0], "devfs", 5 ) == 0 ||
                         memcmp( &my_statfsp->f_fstypename[0], "volfs", 5 ) == 0 ) {
                        /* found a valid entry */
                        break;
                }
        }
        if ( i >= my_count ) {
                printf( "getfsstat call failed.  could not find valid f_fstypename! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* now try statfs64 */
        my_statfs64p = (struct statfs64 *) my_buffer64p;
        my_err = statfs64( STATFS_TEST_PATH, my_statfs64p );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "statfs64 call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_statfs64p->f_fsid.val[0] != my_statfsp->f_fsid.val[0] ||
                 my_statfs64p->f_fsid.val[1] != my_statfsp->f_fsid.val[1] ) {
                printf( "statfs64 call failed.  wrong f_fsid! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_count = getfsstat64( (struct statfs64 *)my_buffer64p, my_buffer64_size, MNT_NOWAIT );
        if ( my_count == -1 ) {
                printf( "getfsstat64 call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* validate results */
        my_statfs64p = (struct statfs64 *) my_buffer64p;
        for ( i = 0; i < my_count; i++, my_statfs64p++ ) {
                if ( memcmp( &my_statfs64p->f_fstypename[0], "hfs", 3 ) == 0 ||
                         memcmp( &my_statfs64p->f_fstypename[0], "ufs", 3 ) == 0 ||
                         memcmp( &my_statfs64p->f_fstypename[0], "devfs", 5 ) == 0 ||
                         memcmp( &my_statfs64p->f_fstypename[0], "volfs", 5 ) == 0 ) {
                        /* found a valid entry */
                        break;
                }
        }
        if ( i >= my_count ) {
                printf( "getfsstat64 call failed.  could not find valid f_fstypename! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* set up to validate results via multiple sources.  we use getattrlist to get volume
         * related attributes to verify against results from fstatfs and statfs - but only if
         * we are not targeting ufs volume since it doesn't support getattr calls
         */
        if ( is_ufs == 0 ) {
                memset( &my_attrlist, 0, sizeof(my_attrlist) );
                my_attrlist.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT;
                my_attrlist.volattr = (ATTR_VOL_SIZE | ATTR_VOL_IOBLOCKSIZE);
                my_err = getattrlist( "/", &my_attrlist, &my_attr_buf, sizeof(my_attr_buf), 0 );
                if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                        printf( "getattrlist call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }
        
        /* open to use as test file for fstatfs */
        my_fd = open( STATFS_TEST_PATH, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* testing fstatfs64 */
        my_statfs64p = (struct statfs64 *) my_buffer64p;
        my_err = fstatfs64( my_fd, my_statfs64p );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "fstatfs64 call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* validate results - assumes we only boot from hfs or ufs */
        if ( !(memcmp( &my_statfs64p->f_fstypename[0], "hfs", 3 ) == 0 ||
                   memcmp( &my_statfs64p->f_fstypename[0], "ufs", 3 ) == 0) ) {
                printf( "fstatfs64 call failed.  could not find valid f_fstypename! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* testing fstatfs */
        my_statfsp = (struct statfs *) my_bufferp;
        my_err = fstatfs( my_fd, my_statfsp );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "fstatfs call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* validate results */
        if ( !(memcmp( &my_statfsp->f_fstypename[0], "hfs", 3 ) == 0 ||
                   memcmp( &my_statfsp->f_fstypename[0], "ufs", 3 ) == 0) ) {
                printf( "fstatfs call failed.  could not find valid f_fstypename! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_io_size = my_statfsp->f_iosize;
        my_fsid = my_statfsp->f_fsid;
        if ( is_ufs == 0 && my_statfsp->f_iosize != my_attr_buf.io_blksize ) {
                printf( "fstatfs and getattrlist results do not match for volume block size  \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        } 

        /* try again with statfs */
        my_err = statfs( STATFS_TEST_PATH , my_statfsp );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "statfs call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* validate results */
        if ( my_io_size != my_statfsp->f_iosize || my_fsid.val[0] != my_statfsp->f_fsid.val[0] ||
                 my_fsid.val[1] != my_statfsp->f_fsid.val[1] ) {
                printf( "statfs call failed.  wrong f_iosize or f_fsid! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( is_ufs == 0 && my_statfsp->f_iosize != my_attr_buf.io_blksize ) {
                printf( "statfs and getattrlist results do not match for volume block size  \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        } 
                
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_bufferp != NULL ) {
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_bufferp, my_buffer_size);
         }
         if ( my_buffer64p != NULL ) {
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_buffer64p, my_buffer64_size);
         }
         
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test getpid, getppid, and pipe system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int getpid_getppid_pipe_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, my_status;
        pid_t           my_pid, my_wait_pid;
        ssize_t         my_count;
        int                     my_fildes[2] = {-1, -1};
        off_t           my_current_offset;
        char            my_pid_string[64];

        my_err = pipe( &my_fildes[0] );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "pipe call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* make sure we can't seek on a pipe */
        my_current_offset = lseek( my_fildes[0], 0, SEEK_CUR );
        if ( my_current_offset != -1 ) {
                printf( "lseek on pipe should fail but did not \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
         
        /* fork here and use pipe to communicate */
        my_pid = fork( );
        if ( my_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "fork failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        else if ( my_pid == 0 ) {
                /* child process */
                unsigned long   my_ppid;
                char                    my_buffer[64];
                
                close( my_fildes[1] ); /* close write end of pipe */
                my_fildes[1] = -1;
                
                /* get the parent's pid using getppid and from the parent (using getpid in porent) */
                my_count = read( my_fildes[0], &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
                if ( my_count == -1 ) {
                        printf( "read from pipe failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit(-1);
                }
                
                /* parent wrote (to our pipe) its pid as character string */
                my_ppid = strtoul( &my_buffer[0], NULL, 10 );
                if ( my_ppid == 0 ) {
                        printf( "strtoul failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit(-1);
                }

                if ( getppid( ) != my_ppid ) {
                        printf( "getppid failed.  pid we got from parent does not match getppid result. \n" );
                        exit(-1);
                }
                exit(0);
        }
        
        /* parent process - get our pid using getpid and send it to child for verification */
        close( my_fildes[0] ); /* close read end of pipe */
        my_fildes[0] = -1;
        
        sprintf( &my_pid_string[0], "%d\n", getpid( ) );

        my_count = write( my_fildes[1], &my_pid_string[0], sizeof(my_pid_string) );
        if ( my_count == -1 ) {
                printf( "write to pipe failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* wait for child to exit */
        my_wait_pid = wait4( my_pid, &my_status, 0, NULL );
        if ( my_wait_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "wait4 failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* wait4 should return our child's pid when it exits */
        if ( my_wait_pid != my_pid ) {
                printf( "wait4 did not return child pid - returned %d should be %d \n", my_wait_pid, my_pid );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if ( WIFEXITED( my_status ) && WEXITSTATUS( my_status ) != 0 ) {
                printf( "wait4 returned wrong exit status - 0x%02X \n", my_status );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fildes[0] != -1 )
                close( my_fildes[0] );
        if ( my_fildes[1] != -1 )
                close( my_fildes[1] );
        return( my_err );
}


/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test getauid, gettid, getuid, geteuid, issetugid, setaudit_addr, seteuid, settid, settid_with_pid, setuid system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int uid_tests( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, my_status;
        pid_t           my_pid, my_wait_pid;

        if ( g_skip_setuid_tests != 0 ) {
                printf("\t skipping this test \n");
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        }

        /* test issetugid - should return 1 when not root and 0 when root
         * Figuring out setugid will not work in single-user mode; skip
         * this test in that case.
         */
        if (!g_is_single_user) {
                my_err = issetugid( );
                if ( getuid( ) == 0 ) {
                        if ( my_err == 1 ) {
                                printf( "issetugid should return false \n" );
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                        }
                }
                else {
                        if ( my_err == 0 ) {
                                printf( "issetugid should return true \n" );
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                        }
                }
        }

        /*
         * fork here and do the setuid work in the child 
         */
        my_pid = fork( );
        if ( my_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "fork failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        else if ( my_pid == 0 ) {
                /* 
                 * child process 
                 */
                uid_t                   my_ruid, my_euid;
                uid_t                   my_uid, my_temp_uid;
                gid_t                   my_gid, my_temp_gid;
                auditinfo_addr_t        my_aia;
                
                my_ruid = getuid( );
                my_euid = geteuid( );
                if ( my_ruid == my_euid ) {
                        exit( 0 );
                }

                /* Test getauid, gettid, setaudit_addr, settid, settid_with_pid */
                /* get our current uid and gid for comparison later */
                my_uid = getuid( );
                my_gid = getgid( );

                my_err = syscall( SYS_settid, 4444, 5555 );
                //my_err = settid( 4444, 5555 );
                if (my_err != 0) {
                        printf( "settid call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                my_err = syscall( SYS_gettid, &my_temp_uid, &my_temp_gid );
                //my_err = gettid( &my_temp_uid, &my_temp_gid );
                if (my_err != 0) {
                        printf( "gettid call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                if (my_temp_uid != 4444) {
                        printf("get / settid test failed - wrong uid was set - %d \n", my_temp_uid);
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                if (my_temp_gid != 5555) {
                        printf("get / settid test failed - wrong gid was set - %d \n", my_temp_gid);
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                /* resume original identity */
                my_err = syscall( SYS_settid, KAUTH_UID_NONE, KAUTH_GID_NONE );
                //my_err = settid( KAUTH_UID_NONE, KAUTH_GID_NONE );
                if (my_err != 0) {
                        printf( "settid revert - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                /* values should be returned to original settings */
                my_temp_uid = getuid( );
                if (my_temp_uid == 4444) {
                        printf("test failed - wrong uid was set - %d \n", my_temp_uid);
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                my_temp_gid = getgid( );
                if (my_temp_gid == 5555) {
                        printf("test failed - wrong gid was set - %d \n", my_temp_gid);
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                /*
                 * Assume the identity of our parent.
                 */
                my_err = syscall( SYS_settid_with_pid, getppid( ), 1 );
                //my_err = settid_with_pid, my_target_pid, 1 );
                if (my_err != 0) {
                        printf( "settid_with_pid assume - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                /*
                 * Resume our identity.
                 */
                my_err = syscall( SYS_settid_with_pid, 0, 0 );
                //my_err = settid_with_pid( my_target_pid, 0 );
                if (my_err != 0) {
                        printf( "settid_with_pid resume - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                
                /*
                 * test to make sure setaudit_addr doesn't cause audit info to get lost from 
                 * the credential.
                 */
                bzero( &my_aia, sizeof(my_aia) );
                my_aia.ai_auid = 442344;
                my_aia.ai_asid = AU_ASSIGN_ASID;
                my_aia.ai_termid.at_type = AU_IPv4;
                my_err = setaudit_addr( &my_aia, sizeof(my_aia) );
                if (my_err != 0) {
                        printf( "setaudit_addr - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                my_aia.ai_auid = 0;
                my_err = getaudit_addr( &my_aia, sizeof(my_aia) );
                if (my_err != 0) {
                        printf( "getaudit_addr - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                //printf("new audit ID is %d \n", my_aia.ai_auid);

                if (my_aia.ai_auid != 442344) {
                        printf("test failed - wrong audit ID was set - %d \n", my_aia.ai_auid);
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                
                /* change real uid and effective uid to current euid */
                my_err = setuid( my_euid );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "setuid call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                if ( getuid( ) != my_euid ) {
                        printf( "setuid call failed to set the real uid \n" );
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                /* change effective uid to current euid - really a NOP */
                my_err = seteuid( my_euid );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "seteuid call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                if ( geteuid( ) != my_euid ) {
                        printf( "seteuid call failed to set the original euid \n" );
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                /* change real uid and effective uid to original real uid */
                my_err = setuid( my_ruid );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "setuid call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                if ( getuid( ) != my_ruid ) {
                        printf( "setuid call failed to set the real uid \n" );
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                exit(0);
        }
        
        /* 
         * parent process - 
         * wait for child to exit 
         */
        my_wait_pid = wait4( my_pid, &my_status, 0, NULL );
        if ( my_wait_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "wait4 failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* wait4 should return our child's pid when it exits */
        if ( my_wait_pid != my_pid ) {
                printf( "wait4 did not return child pid - returned %d should be %d \n", my_wait_pid, my_pid );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if ( WIFEXITED( my_status ) && WEXITSTATUS( my_status ) != 0 ) {
                printf( "wait4 returned wrong exit status - 0x%02X \n", my_status );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test mknod, sync system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int mknod_sync_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err;
        char *  my_pathp =      NULL;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        if ( g_skip_setuid_tests != 0 ) {
                printf("\t skipping this test \n");
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, "/dev/" );

        /* get a unique name for our test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = mknod( my_pathp, (S_IFCHR | S_IRWXU), 0 );     
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "mknod failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                printf( "path \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* not really sure what to do with sync call test */
        sync( );
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
         }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test chflags, fchflags system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int chflags_fchflags_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                             my_err;
        int                             my_fd = -1;
        u_int                   my_flags;
        char *                  my_pathp = NULL;
        struct stat             my_sb;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* make test file unchangable */
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_flags = (my_sb.st_flags | UF_IMMUTABLE);
        my_err = chflags( my_pathp, my_flags );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "chflags call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* should fail with EPERM since we cannot change the file now */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 && errno != EPERM ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "open failed with wrong error - should be EPERM \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* this open should work OK */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_flags = (my_sb.st_flags & ~UF_IMMUTABLE);
        my_err = fchflags( my_fd, my_flags );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "chflags call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        close( my_fd );
        my_fd = -1;
        
        /* should now work */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
         }
        return( my_err );
}


/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test kill, vfork, execve system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
/*  There are many new exec() situations to test now that 64-bit is in. These extra tests are in response to 
 * rdar://4606399 and rdar://4607285. It should cover every permutation of the following variables.
 * 
 *  - Current Process "Bitness":                        64 or 32
 *  - exec()'ed process "bitness":                      64 or 32
 *      (if 64 bit, size of page zero:)                 (4GB or 4KB)
 *  - Parent Process "Bitness":                         64 or 32

 *  Test to make sure certain inheritance properties of fork()'ed children
 * are correctly set.
 *  1. 64 bit process forking() 64-bit child, child execing() 64-bit file (4GB pagezero)
 *  2. 64 bit process forking() 64-bit child, child execing() 64-bit file (4KB pagezero)
 *  3. 64 bit process forking() 64-bit child, child execing() 32-bit file
 *  4. 32 bit process forking() 32-bit child, child execing() 32-bit file
 *  5. 32 bit process forking() 32-bit child, child execing() 64 bit file (4GB pagezero) 
 *  6. 32 bit process forking() 32-bit child, child execing() 64 bit file (4KB pagezero)
 *
 */


int execve_kill_vfork_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int     my_err, my_status;
        pid_t   my_pid, my_wait_pid;
        char *  errmsg = NULL; 
        char * argvs[2] = {"", NULL};
        int bits = get_bits();          /* Gets actual processor bit-ness. */
        
        if (bits != 32 && bits != 64) {
                printf("Determination of processor bit-ness failed, get_bits() returned %d.\n", get_bits());
                return(-1);
        }

        if (get_architecture() == -1) {
                errmsg = "get_architecture() could not determine the CPU architecture.\n";
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        if (get_architecture() == INTEL) {
                struct stat sb;

                if (bits == 64 && sizeof(long) == 8) {
                        /*
                         * Running on x86_64 hardware and running in 64-bit mode.
                         * Check cases 1, 2, 3 and fork a child to check 4, 5, 6. 
                         */ 
                        errmsg = "execve failed: from x86_64 forking and exec()ing 64-bit x86_64 process w/ 4G pagezero.\n";
                        argvs[0] = "sleep-x86_64-4G";
                        if (do_execve_test("helpers/sleep-x86_64-4G", argvs, NULL, 1))          goto test_failed_exit;

                        errmsg = "execve failed: from x86_64 forking and exec()ing 64-bit x86_64 process w/ 4K Pagezero.\n";
                        argvs[0] = "sleep-x86_64-4K";
                        if (do_execve_test("helpers/sleep-x86_64-4K", argvs, NULL, 1))          goto test_failed_exit;

                        errmsg = "execve failed: from x64_64 forking and exec()ing 32-bit i386 process.\n";
                        argvs[0] = "sleep-i386";
                        if (do_execve_test("helpers/sleep-i386", argvs, NULL, 1))               goto test_failed_exit;

                        /* Fork off a helper process and load a 32-bit program in it to test 32->64 bit exec(). */
                        errmsg = "execve failed to exec the helper process.\n";
                        argvs[0] = "launch-i386";
                        if (do_execve_test("helpers/launch-i386", argvs, NULL, 1) != 0)         goto test_failed_exit;

                        /* Test posix_spawn for i386, x86_64 (should succeed) */
                        errmsg = NULL;
                        if (do_spawn_test(CPU_TYPE_I386, 0))
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                        if (do_spawn_test(CPU_TYPE_X86_64, 0))
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                else if (bits == 64 && sizeof(long) == 4) {
                        /*
                         * Running on x86_64 hardware, but actually running in 32-bit mode.
                         * Check cases 4, 5, 6 and fork a child to check 1, 2, 3.
                         */
                        errmsg = "execve failed: from i386 forking and exec()ing i386 process.\n";
                        argvs[0] = "sleep-i386";
                        if (do_execve_test("helpers/sleep-i386", argvs, NULL, 0))               goto test_failed_exit;

                        errmsg = "execve failed: from i386 forking and exec()ing x86_64 process w/ 4G pagezero.\n";
                        argvs[0] = "sleep-x86_64-4G";
                        if (do_execve_test("helpers/sleep-x86_64-4G", argvs, NULL, 0))          goto test_failed_exit;

                        errmsg = "execve failed: from i386 forking and exec()ing x86_64 process w/ 4K pagezero.\n";
                        argvs[0] = "sleep-x86_64-4K";
                        if (do_execve_test("helpers/sleep-x86_64-4K", argvs, NULL, 0))          goto test_failed_exit;

                        /* Fork off a helper process and load a 64-bit program in it to test 64->32 bit exec(). */
                        errmsg = "execve failed to exec the helper process.\n";
                        argvs[0] = "launch-x86_64";
                        if (do_execve_test("helpers/launch-x86_64", argvs, NULL, 1) != 0)       goto test_failed_exit;

                        /* Test posix_spawn for i386, x86_64 (should succeed) */
                        errmsg = NULL;
                        if (do_spawn_test(CPU_TYPE_I386, 0))
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                        if (do_spawn_test(CPU_TYPE_X86_64, 0))
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                else if (bits == 32) {
                        /* Running on i386 hardware. Check cases 4. */
                        errmsg = "execve failed: from i386 forking and exec()ing 32-bit i386 process.\n";
                        argvs[0] = "sleep-i386";
                        if (do_execve_test("helpers/sleep-i386", argvs, NULL, 1))               goto test_failed_exit;

                        /* Test posix_spawn for x86_64 (should fail), i386 (should succeed) */
                        errmsg = NULL;
                        if (do_spawn_test(CPU_TYPE_X86_64, 1))
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                        if (do_spawn_test(CPU_TYPE_I386, 0))
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        } else if(get_architecture() == ARM) {

#ifdef CPU_TYPE_ARM64
                if (bits == 64) {
                        /* Running on arm64 hardware. */
                        errmsg = "execve failed: from arm64 forking and exec()ing 64-bit arm process.\n";
                        argvs[0] = "sleep-arm";
                        if (do_execve_test("helpers/sleep-arm64", argvs, NULL, 1))
                                goto test_failed_exit;

                        /* Test posix_spawn for arm64 (should succeed) */
                        errmsg = NULL;
                        if (do_spawn_test(CPU_TYPE_ARM64, 0))
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                } 
#endif

                /* Exec arm test on both arm and arm64 */
                errmsg = "execve failed: from arm forking and exec()ing 32-bit arm process.\n";
                argvs[0] = "sleep-arm";
                if (do_execve_test("helpers/sleep-arm", argvs, NULL, 1))
                        goto test_failed_exit;

                /* Test posix_spawn for arm (should succeed) */
                errmsg = NULL;
                if (do_spawn_test(CPU_TYPE_ARM, 0))
                        goto test_failed_exit;

        }
        else {
                /* Just in case someone decides we need more architectures in the future */
                printf("get_architecture() returned unknown architecture");
                return(-1);
        }       

        return 0;

test_failed_exit:
        if (errmsg)
                printf("%s", errmsg);
        return -1;
}


/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test getegid, getgid, getgroups, setegid, setgid, setgroups system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int groups_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, i;
        int                     my_group_count, my_orig_group_count;
        gid_t           my_real_gid;
        gid_t           my_effective_gid;
        gid_t           my_removed_gid;
        gid_t           my_new_gid;
        gid_t           my_groups[ NGROUPS_MAX ];

        if ( g_skip_setuid_tests != 0 ) {
                printf("\t skipping this test \n");
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        }

        my_real_gid = getgid( );
        my_effective_gid = getegid( );

        if ( !_prime_groups() ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* start by getting list of groups the current user belongs to */
        my_orig_group_count = getgroups( NGROUPS_MAX, &my_groups[0] );

        if ( my_orig_group_count == -1 || my_orig_group_count < 1 ) {
                printf( "getgroups call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* make sure real and effective gids are correct */
        for ( i = 0; i < my_orig_group_count; i++ ) {
                if ( my_groups[i] == my_real_gid )
                        break;
        }
        if ( i >= my_orig_group_count ) {
                printf( "getgid or getgroups call failed.  could not find real gid in list of groups. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        for ( i = 0; i < my_orig_group_count; i++ ) {
                if ( my_groups[i] == my_effective_gid )
                        break;
        }
        if ( i >= my_orig_group_count ) {
                printf( "getegid or getgroups call failed.  could not find effective gid in list of groups. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
                
        /* remove the last group */
        my_removed_gid = my_groups[ (my_orig_group_count - 1) ];
        my_err = setgroups( (my_orig_group_count - 1), &my_groups[0] );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "setgroups call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_group_count = getgroups( NGROUPS_MAX, &my_groups[0] );
        
        if ( my_group_count == -1 || my_group_count < 1 ) {
                printf( "getgroups call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* make sure setgroups dropped one */
        if ( my_orig_group_count <= my_group_count ) {
                printf( "setgroups call failed.  current group count is too high. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* now put removed gid back */
        my_groups[ (my_orig_group_count - 1) ] = my_removed_gid;
        my_err = setgroups( my_orig_group_count, &my_groups[0] );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "setgroups call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* find a group to change real and effective gid to then do it */
        my_new_gid = -1;
        for ( i = 0; i < my_orig_group_count; i++ ) {
                if ( my_groups[i] == my_effective_gid || my_groups[i] == my_real_gid )
                        continue;
                my_new_gid = my_groups[i];
        }
        
        if ( my_new_gid == -1 ) {
                printf( "could not find a gid to switch to. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* test setegid */
        my_err = setegid( my_new_gid );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "setegid call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        /* verify it changed */
        if ( getegid( ) != my_new_gid ) {
                printf( "setegid failed to change the effective gid. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        /* change it back to original value */
        my_err = setegid( my_effective_gid );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "setegid call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* test setgid */
        my_err = setgid( my_new_gid );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "setgid call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        /* verify it changed */
        if ( getgid( ) != my_new_gid ) {
                printf( "setgid failed to change the real gid. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        /* change it back to original value */
        my_err = setgid( my_real_gid );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "setegid call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
                   
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        return( my_err );
}


/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test dup, dup2, getdtablesize system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int dup_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        int                     my_newfd = -1;
        int                     my_table_size, my_loop_counter = 0;
        char *          my_pathp = NULL;
        ssize_t         my_count;
        char            my_buffer[64];
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* test dup, dup2, getdtablesize */
        my_table_size = getdtablesize( );
        if ( my_table_size < 20 ) {
                printf( "getdtablesize should return at least 20, returned %d \n", my_table_size );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_newfd = dup( my_fd );
        if ( my_newfd == -1 ) {
                printf( "dup call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

redo:
        /* now write somne data to the orginal and new fd */
        /* make sure test file is empty */
        my_err = ftruncate( my_fd, 0 );         
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "ftruncate call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_SET );
        my_count = write( my_fd, "aa", 2 );
        if ( my_count == -1 ) {
                printf( "write call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_count = write( my_newfd, "xx", 2 );
        if ( my_count == -1 ) {
                printf( "write call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* now read it back and make sure data is correct */
        lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_SET );
        my_count = read( my_fd, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        if ( my_count == -1 ) {
                printf( "read call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_buffer[0] != 'a' || my_buffer[1] != 'a' || my_buffer[2] != 'x' || my_buffer[3] != 'x' ) {
                printf( "wrong data in test file. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        bzero( &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        lseek( my_newfd, 0, SEEK_SET );
        my_count = read( my_newfd, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        if ( my_count == -1 ) {
                printf( "read call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_buffer[0] != 'a' || my_buffer[1] != 'a' || my_buffer[2] != 'x' || my_buffer[3] != 'x' ) {
                printf( "wrong data in test file. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* we do the above tests twice - once for dup and once for dup2 */
        if ( my_loop_counter < 1 ) {
                my_loop_counter++;
                close( my_newfd );
     
                my_err = dup2( my_fd, my_newfd );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "dup2 call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                
                goto redo;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_newfd != -1 )
                close( my_newfd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        return( my_err );
}


/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test getrusage system call.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int getrusage_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                             my_err;
        struct rusage   my_rusage;

        my_err = getrusage( RUSAGE_SELF, &my_rusage );  
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "getrusage failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* do a sanity check on the getrusage results */
        if ( my_rusage.ru_msgrcv > 1000 || my_rusage.ru_msgrcv < 0 ) {
                printf( "getrusage seems to report wrong data - ru_msgrcv looks odd. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_rusage.ru_nsignals > 1000 || my_rusage.ru_nsignals < 0 ) {
                printf( "getrusage seems to report wrong data - ru_nsignals looks odd. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
                        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test getitimer, setitimer, sigaction, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsuspend, sigwait system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */

int             alarm_global = 0;
void test_alarm_handler( int the_arg );
void test_alarm_handler( int the_arg )
{       
        alarm_global = 4;
        //printf( "test_alarm_handler - got here \n" );
        if ( the_arg == 0 ) {
        }
        return;
}

void test_signal_handler( int the_arg );
void test_signal_handler( int the_arg )
{       
        //printf( "test_signal_handler - got here \n" );
        if ( the_arg == 0 ) {
        }
        return;
}

int signals_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, my_status;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        char *          my_pathp = NULL;
        pid_t           my_pid, my_wait_pid;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /*
         * spin off a child process that we will use for signal related testing.   
         */
        my_pid = fork( );
        if ( my_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "fork failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_pid == 0 ) {
                /* 
                 * child process - test signal related system calls.
                 */
                //int                                   my_counter;
                int                                     my_signal;
                sigset_t                        my_sigset;
                struct sigaction        my_sigaction;
#ifdef MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_5
#if MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_5
                /* If this is Leopard. To allow compiling for Inca x86_64 this definition cannot 
                 * be included. But it is needed to compile on Leopard.
                 */
                struct __darwin_sigaltstack     my_sigaltstack;
#endif
#else
                struct sigaltstack      my_sigaltstack;
#endif
                struct itimerval    my_timer;


                /* test getting the current signal stack context */
                my_err = sigaltstack( NULL, &my_sigaltstack );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "sigaction failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                if ( (my_sigaltstack.ss_flags & SS_DISABLE) == 0 ) {
                        printf( "sigaction must have failed - SS_DISABLE is cleared \n" );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                                
                /* set up to catch SIGUSR1 */
                my_sigaction.sa_handler = test_signal_handler;
                my_sigaction.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
                my_sigaction.sa_mask = 0;

                my_err = sigaction( SIGUSR1, &my_sigaction, NULL );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "sigaction failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                        
                /* now suspend until signal SIGUSR1 is sent */ 
                sigemptyset( &my_sigset );
                my_err = sigsuspend( &my_sigset );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        if ( errno != EINTR ) {
                                printf( "sigsuspend should have returned with errno EINTR \n" );
                                exit( -1 );
                        }
                }
                                        
                /* block SIGUSR1 */
                sigemptyset( &my_sigset );
                sigaddset( &my_sigset, SIGUSR1 );
                if ( sigismember( &my_sigset, SIGUSR1 ) == 0 ) {
                        printf( "sigaddset call failed to add SIGUSR1 to signal set \n" );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                my_err = sigprocmask( SIG_BLOCK, &my_sigset, NULL );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "sigprocmask failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                
                /* make sure we are blocking SIGUSR1 */
                sigemptyset( &my_sigset );
                my_err = sigprocmask( 0, NULL, &my_sigset );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "sigprocmask failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                if ( sigismember( &my_sigset, SIGUSR1 ) == 0 ) {
                        printf( "sigaddset call failed to add SIGUSR1 to signal set \n" );
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                /* our parent will send a 2nd SIGUSR1 signal which we should now see getting
                 * blocked.
                 */
                sigemptyset( &my_sigset );
                sigaddset( &my_sigset, SIGUSR1 );
                my_err = sigwait( &my_sigset, &my_signal );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "sigwait failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                //printf( "%s - %d - signal 0x%02X %d \n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, my_signal, my_signal );
                if ( my_signal != SIGUSR1 ) {
                        printf( "sigwait failed to catch a pending SIGUSR1 signal. \n" );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                 
                /* now unblock SIGUSR1 */
                sigfillset( &my_sigset );
                sigdelset( &my_sigset, SIGUSR1 );
                my_err = sigprocmask( SIG_UNBLOCK, &my_sigset, NULL );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "sigprocmask failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                if ( sigismember( &my_sigset, SIGUSR1 ) != 0 ) {
                        printf( "sigprocmask call failed to unblock SIGUSR1 \n" );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                
                /* test get / setitimer */
                timerclear( &my_timer.it_interval );
                timerclear( &my_timer.it_value );
                my_err = setitimer( ITIMER_VIRTUAL, &my_timer, NULL );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "setitimer - ITIMER_VIRTUAL - failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                my_err = setitimer( ITIMER_PROF, &my_timer, NULL );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "setitimer - ITIMER_PROF - failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                /* set up to catch SIGALRM */
                alarm_global = 0;
                my_sigaction.sa_handler = test_alarm_handler;
                my_sigaction.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
                my_sigaction.sa_mask = 0;

                my_err = sigaction( SIGALRM, &my_sigaction, NULL );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "sigaction - SIGALRM - failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                
                /* set timer for half a second */
                my_timer.it_value.tv_usec = (1000000 / 2);
                my_err = setitimer( ITIMER_REAL, &my_timer, NULL );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "setitimer - ITIMER_REAL - failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                        
                /* now suspend until signal SIGALRM is sent */ 
                sigfillset( &my_sigset );
                sigdelset( &my_sigset, SIGALRM );
                my_err = sigsuspend( &my_sigset );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        if ( errno != EINTR ) {
                                printf( "sigsuspend should have returned with errno EINTR \n" );
                                exit( -1 );
                        }
                }
                if ( alarm_global != 4 ) {
                        printf( "setitimer test failed - did not catch SIGALRM \n" );
                        exit( -1 );
                }

                /* make sure ITIMER_REAL is now clear */
                my_timer.it_value.tv_sec = 44;
                my_timer.it_value.tv_usec = 44;
                my_err = getitimer( ITIMER_REAL, &my_timer );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "getitimer - ITIMER_REAL - failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                if ( timerisset( &my_timer.it_value ) || timerisset( &my_timer.it_interval ) ) {
                        printf( "ITIMER_REAL is set, but should not be \n" );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                
                exit(0);
        }
        
        /* 
         * parent process - let child set up to suspend then signal it with SIGUSR1
         */
        sleep( 1 );
        my_err = kill( my_pid, SIGUSR1 );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "kill call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
         
        /* send 2nd signal to suspended child - which should be blocking SIGUSR1 signals */
        sleep( 1 );
        my_err = kill( my_pid, SIGUSR1 );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "kill call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
         
        /* wait for child to exit */
        my_wait_pid = wait4( my_pid, &my_status, 0, NULL );
        if ( my_wait_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "wait4 failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if ( WIFSIGNALED( my_status ) || ( WIFEXITED( my_status ) && WEXITSTATUS( my_status ) != 0 ) ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test getlogin, setlogin system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int getlogin_setlogin_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, my_status;
        pid_t           my_pid, my_wait_pid;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;  

        if ( g_skip_setuid_tests != 0 ) {
                printf("\t skipping this test \n");
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        }

        /*
         * spin off a child process that we will use for testing.   
         */
        my_pid = fork( );
        if ( my_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "fork failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_pid == 0 ) {
                /* 
                 * child process - do getlogin and setlogin testing.
                 */
                char *          my_namep = NULL;
                int             my_len;
                char *          my_new_namep = NULL;

                my_namep = getlogin( );
                if ( my_namep == NULL ) {
                        printf( "getlogin returned NULL name pointer \n" );
                        my_err = -1;
                        goto exit_child;
                }

                my_len = strlen( my_namep ) + 4;

                my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_new_namep, my_len, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
                 if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                        printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        my_err = -1; 
                        goto exit_child;
                }

                bzero( (void *)my_new_namep, my_len );

                strcat( my_new_namep, my_namep );
                strcat( my_new_namep, "2" );


                /* set new name */
                my_err = setlogin( my_new_namep );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "When setting new login name, setlogin failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        my_err = -1;
                        goto exit_child;
                }

                /* make sure we set new name */
                my_namep = getlogin( );
                if ( my_namep == NULL ) {
                        printf( "getlogin returned NULL name pointer \n" );
                        my_err = -1;
                        goto exit_child;
                }

                if ( memcmp( my_namep, my_new_namep, strlen( my_new_namep ) ) != 0 ) {
                        printf( "setlogin failed to set the new name \n" );
                        my_err = -1;
                        goto exit_child;
                }

                /* reset to original name */
                my_len = strlen ( my_namep );
                my_namep[ my_len - 1 ] = '\0';

                my_err = setlogin( my_namep );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "When resetting login name, setlogin failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        my_err = -1;
                        goto exit_child;
                }

         
                my_err = 0;
exit_child:
                if ( my_new_namep != NULL ) {
                        vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_new_namep, my_len);
                }
                exit( my_err );
        }
        
        /* parent process -
         * wait for child to exit 
         */
        my_wait_pid = wait4( my_pid, &my_status, 0, NULL );
        if ( my_wait_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "wait4 failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if ( WIFEXITED( my_status ) && WEXITSTATUS( my_status ) != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test acct system call.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int acct_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int             my_err, my_status;
        int             my_fd = -1;
        char *          my_pathp = NULL;
        struct acct *   my_acctp;
        pid_t           my_pid, my_wait_pid;
        ssize_t         my_count;
        char            my_buffer[ (sizeof(struct acct) + 32) ];
        kern_return_t           my_kr;
        int             acct_record_found;
        char *          test_bin_name = NULL;

        if ( g_skip_setuid_tests != 0 ) {
                printf("\t skipping this test \n");
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* enable process accounting */
        my_err =  acct( my_pathp );     
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "acct failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /*
         * spin off a child process that we will use for testing.   
         */
        my_pid = fork( );
        if ( my_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "fork failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_pid == 0 ) {
                char *argv[2];          /* supply valid argv array to execv() */
                argv[0] = "/usr/bin/true";
                argv[1] = 0;

                /* 
                 * child process - do a little work then exit.
                 */
                my_err = execv( argv[0], argv);
                exit( 0 );
        }
        
        /* parent process -
         * wait for child to exit 
         */
        my_wait_pid = wait4( my_pid, &my_status, 0, NULL );
        if ( my_wait_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "wait4 failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if ( WIFEXITED( my_status ) && WEXITSTATUS( my_status ) != 0 ) {
                printf("unexpected child exit status for accounting test load: %d\n", WEXITSTATUS( my_status));
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* disable process accounting */ 
        my_err =  acct( NULL ); 
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "acct failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* now verify that there is accounting info in the log file */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_SET );
        bzero( (void *)&my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        acct_record_found = 0;
        test_bin_name = "true"; 

        while(1) {

                my_count = read( my_fd, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(struct acct) );

                if ( my_count == -1 ) {
                        printf( "read call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }

                if ( my_count < sizeof(struct acct)) {
                        /* Indicates EOF or misaligned file size */
                        printf("Reached end of accounting records with last read count: %d\n", my_count);
                        break;
                }

                my_acctp = (struct acct *) &my_buffer[0];
                /* first letters in ac_comm should match the name of the executable */
                if ( (getuid() == my_acctp->ac_uid) && (getgid() == my_acctp->ac_gid) &&
                     (!strncmp(my_acctp->ac_comm, test_bin_name, strlen(test_bin_name))) ) {
                        /* Expected accounting record found */
                        acct_record_found = 1;
                        break;
                }

        }       

        if (acct_record_found) {
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        } else {
                printf( "------------------------\n" );
                printf( "Expected Accounting Record for child process %s not found\n", test_bin_name );
                printf( "Expected uid: %lu Expected gid: %lu\n" , (unsigned long) getuid(), (unsigned long) getgid() );
                printf( "Account file path: %s\n",  my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        return( my_err );
}

void print_acct_debug_strings( char * my_ac_comm )
{
        char    my_cmd_str[11]; /* sizeof(acct_cmd) + 1 for '\0' if acct_cmd is bogus */
        char    my_hex_str[128];
        int     i;
        
        my_hex_str[0] = '\0';
        for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
                sprintf( my_hex_str, "%s \'0x%x\' ", my_hex_str, my_ac_comm[i]);
        }

        memccpy(my_cmd_str, my_ac_comm, '\0', 10);
        my_cmd_str[10] = '\0'; /* In case ac_comm was bogus */
        

        printf( "my_acctp->ac_comm = \"%s\" (should begin with: \"tr\")\n", my_cmd_str);
        printf( "my_acctp->ac_comm = \"%s\"\n", my_hex_str);
        printf( "------------------------\n" );
}


/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test ioctl system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int ioctl_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                                     my_err, my_result;
        int                                     my_fd = -1;
        struct statfs *         my_infop;
        char *                          my_ptr;
    int                                 my_blksize;
    long long                   my_block_count;
        char                            my_name[ 128 ];

        my_result = getmntinfo( &my_infop, MNT_NOWAIT );
        if ( my_result < 1 ) {
                printf( "getmntinfo failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make this a raw device */
        strcpy( &my_name[0], &my_infop->f_mntfromname[0] );
        if ( (my_ptr = strrchr( &my_name[0], '/' )) != 0 ) {
                if ( my_ptr[1] != 'r' ) {
                        my_ptr[ strlen( my_ptr ) ] = 0x00;
                        memmove( &my_ptr[2], &my_ptr[1], (strlen( &my_ptr[1] ) + 1) );
                        my_ptr[1] = 'r';
                }
        }

        my_fd = open(&my_name[0], O_RDONLY );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

    /* obtain the size of the media (in blocks) */
        my_err = ioctl( my_fd, DKIOCGETBLOCKCOUNT, &my_block_count );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "ioctl DKIOCGETBLOCKCOUNT failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
    /* obtain the block size of the media */
        my_err = ioctl( my_fd, DKIOCGETBLOCKSIZE, &my_blksize );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "ioctl DKIOCGETBLOCKSIZE failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        //printf( "my_block_count %qd my_blksize %d \n", my_block_count, my_blksize );

        /* make sure the returned data looks somewhat valid */
        if ( my_blksize < 0 || my_blksize > (1024 * 1000) ) {
                printf( "ioctl appears to have returned incorrect block size data \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test mkdir, rmdir, umask system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int mkdir_rmdir_umask_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                             my_err;
        int                             my_fd = -1;
        int                             did_umask = 0;
        char *                  my_pathp = NULL;
        mode_t                  my_orig_mask;
        struct stat             my_sb;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* get a unique name to use with mkdir */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "create_random_name failed with error %d\n", my_err );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* set umask to clear WX for other and group and clear X for user */
        my_orig_mask = umask( (S_IXUSR | S_IWGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IWOTH | S_IXOTH) );      
        did_umask = 1;

        /* create a directory with RWX for user, group, other (which should be limited by umask) */
        my_err = mkdir( my_pathp, (S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO) );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "mkdir failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* verify results - (S_IXUSR | S_IWGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IWOTH | S_IXOTH) should be clear*/
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( (my_sb.st_mode & (S_IXUSR | S_IWGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IWOTH | S_IXOTH)) != 0 ) {
                printf( "umask did not limit modes as it should have \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* get rid of our test directory */
        my_err = rmdir( my_pathp );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "rmdir failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                rmdir( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
         if ( did_umask != 0 ) {
                umask( my_orig_mask );  
         }

        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test chroot system call.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int chroot_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, my_status;
        pid_t           my_pid, my_wait_pid;
        char *          my_pathp = NULL;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        if ( g_skip_setuid_tests != 0 ) {
                printf("\t skipping this test \n");
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        }
                
        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* get a unique name for our test directory */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* create a test directory */
        my_err = mkdir( my_pathp, (S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO) );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "mkdir failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /*
         * spin off a child process that we will use for testing.   
         */
        my_pid = fork( );
        if ( my_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "fork failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_pid == 0 ) {
                /* 
                 * child process - do getlogin and setlogin testing.
                 */
                struct stat             my_sb;

                /* change our root to our new test directory */
                my_err = chroot( my_pathp );     
                if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                        printf( "chroot failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                
                /* verify root directory is now an empty directory */
                my_err = stat( "/", &my_sb );
                if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                        printf( "stat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                if ( my_sb.st_nlink > 2 ) {
                        printf( "root dir should be emnpty! \n" );
                        exit( -1 );
                }
                exit( 0 );
        }
        
        /* parent process -
         * wait for child to exit 
         */
        my_wait_pid = wait4( my_pid, &my_status, 0, NULL );
        if ( my_wait_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "wait4 failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if ( WIFEXITED( my_status ) && WEXITSTATUS( my_status ) != 0 ) {
                printf( "bad exit status\n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                my_err = rmdir( my_pathp );
                if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                        printf( "rmdir failed with error %d - \"%s\" path %p\n", errno, strerror( errno), my_pathp );
                }
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
        }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test getpgrp, getpgid, getsid, setpgid, setpgrp, setsid system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int process_group_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int             my_err = 0, i = 0;
        pid_t           my_session_id, my_pid, my_process_group;

        /* get current session ID, pgid, and pid */
        my_session_id = getsid( 0 );
        if ( my_session_id == -1 ) {
                printf( "getsid call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", 
                                errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_pid = getpid( );
        my_process_group = getpgrp( );
         
        /* test getpgrp and getpgid - they should return the same results when 0 is passed to getpgid */
        if ( my_process_group != getpgid( 0 ) ) {
                printf( "getpgrp and getpgid did not return the same process group ID \n" );
                printf( "getpgid: %d, my_process_group: %d\n", getpgid( 0 ), my_process_group );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if ( my_pid == my_process_group ) {
                /* we are process group leader */
                my_err = setsid( );
                if ( my_err == 0  || errno != EPERM ) {
                        printf( "setsid call should have failed with EPERM\n" );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        } else {
                /* we are not process group leader: try creating new session */
                my_err = setsid( );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "setsid call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n",
                                        errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }

                if ( my_process_group == getpgid( 0 ) ) {
                        printf( "process group was not reset \n" );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }
        
        /* find an unused process group ID */
        for ( i = 10000; i < 1000000; i++ ) {
                my_process_group = getpgid( i );
                if ( my_process_group == -1 ) {
                        break;
                }
        }

        /* this should fail */
        my_err = setpgid( 0, my_process_group );
        if ( my_err != -1 ) {
                printf( "setpgid should have failed, but did not \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test fcntl system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int fcntl_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, my_result, my_tmep;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        int                     my_newfd = -1;
        char *          my_pathp = NULL;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* open our test file and use fcntl to get / set file descriptor flags */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_result = fcntl( my_fd, F_GETFD, 0 );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "fcntl - F_GETFD - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_tmep = (my_result & FD_CLOEXEC);
        if ( my_tmep ) {
                /* FD_CLOEXEC is on, let's turn it off */
                my_result = fcntl( my_fd, F_SETFD, 0 );
        }
        else {
                /* FD_CLOEXEC is off, let's turn it on */
                my_result = fcntl( my_fd, F_SETFD, 1 );
        }
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "fcntl - F_SETFD - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* now check to see if it is set correctly */
        my_result = fcntl( my_fd, F_GETFD, 0 );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "fcntl - F_GETFD - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_tmep == (my_result & 0x01) ) {
                printf( "fcntl - F_SETFD failed to set FD_CLOEXEC correctly!!! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* dup it to a new fd with FD_CLOEXEC forced on */

        my_result = fcntl( my_fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0);
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "fcntl - F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_newfd = my_result;

        /* check to see that it too is marked with FD_CLOEXEC */

        my_result = fcntl( my_newfd, F_GETFD, 0);
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "fcntl - F_GETFD - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( (my_result & FD_CLOEXEC) == 0 ) {
                printf( "fcntl - F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC failed to set FD_CLOEXEC!!! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        close( my_newfd );
        my_newfd = -1;

        /* While we're here, dup it via an open of /dev/fd/<fd> .. */

        {
                char devfdpath[PATH_MAX];

                (void) snprintf( devfdpath, sizeof (devfdpath),
                        "/dev/fd/%u", my_fd );
                my_result = open( devfdpath, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC );
        }
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed on /dev/fd/%u with error %d - \"%s\" \n", my_fd, errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_newfd = my_result;

        /* check to see that it too is marked with FD_CLOEXEC */

        my_result = fcntl( my_newfd, F_GETFD, 0);
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "fcntl - F_GETFD - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( (my_result & FD_CLOEXEC) == 0 ) {
                printf( "fcntl - O_CLOEXEC open of /dev/fd/%u failed to set FD_CLOEXEC!!! \n", my_fd );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        close ( my_newfd );
        my_newfd = -1;
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_newfd != -1)
                close ( my_newfd );
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test getpriority, setpriority system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int getpriority_setpriority_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err;
        int                     my_priority;
        int                     my_new_priority;

        /* getpriority returns scheduling priority so -1 is a valid value */
        errno = 0;
        my_priority = getpriority( PRIO_PROCESS, 0 );
        if ( my_priority == -1 && errno != 0 ) {
                printf( "getpriority - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* change scheduling priority */
        my_new_priority = (my_priority == PRIO_MIN) ? (my_priority + 10) : (PRIO_MIN);
        my_err = setpriority( PRIO_PROCESS, 0, my_new_priority );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "setpriority - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* verify change */
        errno = 0;
        my_priority = getpriority( PRIO_PROCESS, 0 );
        if ( my_priority == -1 && errno != 0 ) {
                printf( "getpriority - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        if ( my_priority != my_new_priority ) {
                printf( "setpriority - failed to set correct scheduling priority \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* reset scheduling priority */
        my_err = setpriority( PRIO_PROCESS, 0, 0 );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "setpriority - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test futimes, gettimeofday, settimeofday, utimes system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int time_tests( void * the_argp )
{
        int                                     my_err;
        int                                     my_fd = -1;
        char *                          my_pathp = NULL;
        struct timeval          my_orig_time;
        struct timeval          my_temp_time;
        struct timeval          my_utimes[4];
        struct timezone         my_tz;
        struct stat                     my_sb;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        if ( g_skip_setuid_tests != 0 ) {
                printf( "\t skipping this test \n" );
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = gettimeofday( &my_orig_time, &my_tz );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "gettimeofday - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        //printf( "tv_sec %d tv_usec %ld \n", my_orig_time.tv_sec, my_orig_time.tv_usec );
        
        my_temp_time = my_orig_time;
        my_temp_time.tv_sec -= 60;
        my_err = settimeofday( &my_temp_time, NULL );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "settimeofday - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = gettimeofday( &my_temp_time, NULL );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "gettimeofday - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        //printf( "tv_sec %d tv_usec %ld \n", my_temp_time.tv_sec, my_temp_time.tv_usec );
        if ( my_orig_time.tv_sec <= my_temp_time.tv_sec ) {
                printf( "settimeofday did not set correct time \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* set time back to original value plus 1 second */
        my_temp_time = my_orig_time;
        my_temp_time.tv_sec += 1;
        my_err = settimeofday( &my_temp_time, NULL );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "settimeofday - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test utimes and futimes - get current access and mod times then change them */
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL( &my_utimes[0], &my_sb.st_atimespec );
        TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL( &my_utimes[1], &my_sb.st_mtimespec );
        my_utimes[0].tv_sec -= 120;             /* make access time 2 minutes older */ 
        my_utimes[1].tv_sec -= 120;             /* make mod time 2 minutes older */ 
        
        my_err = utimes( my_pathp, &my_utimes[0] );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "utimes - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure the correct times are set */
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL( &my_utimes[2], &my_sb.st_atimespec );
        TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL( &my_utimes[3], &my_sb.st_mtimespec );
        if ( my_utimes[0].tv_sec != my_utimes[2].tv_sec ||
                 my_utimes[1].tv_sec != my_utimes[3].tv_sec ) {
                printf( "utimes failed to set access and mod times \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_utimes[0].tv_sec -= 120;  /* make access time 2 minutes older */ 
        my_utimes[1].tv_sec -= 120;  /* make mod time 2 minutes older */ 
        my_err = futimes( my_fd, &my_utimes[0] );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "futimes - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure the correct times are set */
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL( &my_utimes[2], &my_sb.st_atimespec );
        TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL( &my_utimes[3], &my_sb.st_mtimespec );
        if ( my_utimes[0].tv_sec != my_utimes[2].tv_sec ||
                 my_utimes[1].tv_sec != my_utimes[3].tv_sec ) {
                printf( "futimes failed to set access and mod times \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test rename, stat system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int rename_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                             my_err;
        char *                  my_pathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_new_pathp = NULL;
        ino_t                   my_file_id;
        struct stat             my_sb;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_new_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_new_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_new_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_new_pathp, "/" );

        /* get a unique name for our rename test */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_new_pathp, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
                
        /* save file ID for later use */
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_file_id = my_sb.st_ino;
        
        /* test rename */
        my_err = rename( my_pathp, my_new_pathp );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "rename - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
                
        /* make sure old name is no longer there */
        my_err = stat( my_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err == 0 ) {
                printf( "rename call failed - found old name \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
                
        /* make sure new name is there and is correct file id */
        my_err = stat( my_new_pathp, &my_sb );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_file_id != my_sb.st_ino ) {
                printf( "rename failed - wrong file id \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        if ( my_new_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_new_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_new_pathp, PATH_MAX);  
         }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test locking system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int locking_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, my_status;
        pid_t           my_pid, my_wait_pid;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        char *          my_pathp = NULL;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* test flock */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err =  flock( my_fd, LOCK_EX );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "flock - LOCK_EX - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /*
         * spin off a child process that we will use for testing.   
         */
        my_pid = fork( );
        if ( my_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "fork failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_pid == 0 ) {
                /* 
                 * child process.
                 */
                int                     my_child_fd = -1;
                int                     my_child_err;
                
                my_child_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
                if ( my_child_fd == -1 ) {
                        printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        my_child_err = -1;
                        goto child_exit;
                }

                my_err =  flock( my_child_fd, (LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        if ( errno != EWOULDBLOCK ) {
                                printf( "flock call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                                my_child_err = -1;
                                goto child_exit;
                        }
                }
                else {
                        printf( "flock call should have failed with EWOULDBLOCK err \n" );
                        my_child_err = -1;
                        goto child_exit;
                }
                my_child_err = 0;
child_exit:
                if ( my_child_fd != -1 )
                        close( my_child_fd );
                exit( my_child_err );
        }

        /* parent process -
         * wait for child to exit 
         */
        my_wait_pid = wait4( my_pid, &my_status, 0, NULL );
        if ( my_wait_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "wait4 failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if ( WIFEXITED( my_status ) && WEXITSTATUS( my_status ) != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err =  flock( my_fd, LOCK_UN );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "flock - LOCK_UN - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test mkfifo system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int mkfifo_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, my_status;
        pid_t           my_pid, my_wait_pid;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        char *          my_pathp = NULL;
        ssize_t         my_result;
        off_t           my_current_offset;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* get unique name for our fifo */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = mkfifo( my_pathp, (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH) );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "mkfifo failed with errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /*
         * spin off a child process that we will use for testing.   
         */
        my_pid = fork( );
        if ( my_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "fork failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_pid == 0 ) {
                /* 
                 * child process.
                 */
                int                     my_child_fd = -1;
                int                     my_child_err;
                char            my_buffer[64];
                
                /* open read end of fifo */
                my_child_fd = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
                if ( my_child_fd == -1 ) {
                        printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        my_child_err = -1;
                        goto child_exit;
                }

                /* read message from parent */
                bzero( (void *)&my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
                my_result = read( my_child_fd, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
                if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                        printf( "read call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        my_child_err = -1;
                        goto child_exit;
                }
                if ( strcmp( "parent to child", &my_buffer[0] ) != 0 ) {
                        printf( "read wrong message from parent \n" );
                        my_child_err = -1;
                        goto child_exit;
                }

                my_child_err = 0;
child_exit:
                if ( my_child_fd != -1 )
                        close( my_child_fd );
                exit( my_child_err );
        }

        /* parent process - open write end of fifo
         */
        my_fd = open( my_pathp, O_WRONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* make sure we can't seek on a fifo */
        my_current_offset = lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_CUR );
        if ( my_current_offset != -1 ) {
                printf( "lseek on fifo should fail but did not \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_result = write( my_fd, "parent to child", 15 );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "write call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_wait_pid = wait4( my_pid, &my_status, 0, NULL );
        if ( my_wait_pid == -1 ) {
                printf( "wait4 failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if ( WIFEXITED( my_status ) && WEXITSTATUS( my_status ) != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test quotactl system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int quotactl_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                             my_err;
        int                             is_quotas_on = 0;
        struct dqblk    my_quota_blk;

        if ( g_skip_setuid_tests != 0 ) {
                printf( "\t skipping this test \n" );
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        }
        
        /* start off by checking the status of quotas on the boot volume */
        my_err = quotactl( "/System/Library/Kernels/kernel", QCMD(Q_QUOTASTAT, USRQUOTA), 0, (caddr_t)&is_quotas_on );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "quotactl - Q_QUOTASTAT - failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        if ( is_quotas_on == 0 ) {
                /* quotas are off */
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        }

        my_err = quotactl( "/System/Library/Kernels/kernel", QCMD(Q_GETQUOTA, USRQUOTA), getuid(), (caddr_t)&my_quota_blk );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "quotactl - Q_GETQUOTA - failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test getrlimit, setrlimit system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int limit_tests( void * the_argp )
{
        int                             my_err;
        struct rlimit   my_current_rlimit;
        struct rlimit   my_rlimit;

        my_err = getrlimit( RLIMIT_NOFILE, &my_current_rlimit );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "getrlimit - failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_current_rlimit.rlim_cur != RLIM_INFINITY ) {
                if ( my_current_rlimit.rlim_cur != my_current_rlimit.rlim_max )
                        my_current_rlimit.rlim_cur += 1;
                else
                        my_current_rlimit.rlim_cur -= 1;
                my_rlimit.rlim_cur = my_current_rlimit.rlim_cur;
                my_rlimit.rlim_max = my_current_rlimit.rlim_max;
                my_err = setrlimit( RLIMIT_NOFILE, &my_rlimit );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "setrlimit - failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                
                /* verify that we set a new limit */
                bzero( (void *) &my_rlimit, sizeof( my_rlimit ) );
                my_err = getrlimit( RLIMIT_NOFILE, &my_rlimit );
                if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                        printf( "getrlimit - failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                if ( my_rlimit.rlim_cur != my_current_rlimit.rlim_cur ) {
                        printf( "failed to get/set new RLIMIT_NOFILE soft limit \n" );
                        printf( "soft limits - current %lld should be %lld \n", my_rlimit.rlim_cur, my_current_rlimit.rlim_cur );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }

#if CONFORMANCE_CHANGES_IN_XNU // can't do this check until conformance changes get into xnu 
                printf( "hard limits - current %lld should be %lld \n", my_rlimit.rlim_max, my_current_rlimit.rlim_max );
                if ( my_rlimit.rlim_max != my_current_rlimit.rlim_max ) {
                        printf( "failed to get/set new RLIMIT_NOFILE hard limit \n" );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
#endif

                /* 
                 * A test for a limit that won't fit in a signed 32 bits, a la 5414697 
                 * Note: my_rlimit should still have a valid rlim_max.
                 */
                long long biglim = 2147483649ll;        /* Just over 2^31 */
                my_rlimit.rlim_cur = biglim;                    
                my_err = setrlimit(RLIMIT_CPU, &my_rlimit);     
                if (my_err == -1) {
                        printf("failed to set large limit.\n");
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }

                bzero(&my_rlimit, sizeof(struct rlimit));       
                my_err = getrlimit(RLIMIT_CPU, &my_rlimit);
                if (my_err == -1) {
                        printf("after setting large value, failed to getrlimit().\n");
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }

                if (my_rlimit.rlim_cur != biglim) {
                        printf("didn't retrieve large limit.\n");
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test getattrlist, getdirentriesattr, setattrlist system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
struct test_attr_buf {
        uint32_t                        length;
        fsobj_type_t            obj_type;
        fsobj_id_t                      obj_id;
        struct timespec         backup_time;
};
        
typedef struct test_attr_buf test_attr_buf;

int directory_tests( void * the_argp )
{
        int                                     my_err, done, found_it, i;
        int                                     my_fd = -1;
        int                                     is_ufs = 0;
        char *                          my_pathp = NULL;
        char *                          my_bufp = NULL;
        char *                          my_file_namep;
#ifdef __LP64__
        unsigned int            my_base;
        unsigned int            my_count;
        unsigned int            my_new_state;
#else
        unsigned long           my_base;
        unsigned long           my_count;
        unsigned long           my_new_state;
#endif
        fsobj_id_t                      my_obj_id;
        struct timespec         my_new_backup_time;
        struct attrlist         my_attrlist;
        test_attr_buf           my_attr_buf[4];
        struct statfs           my_statfs_buf;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        /* need to know type of file system */
        my_err = statfs( &g_target_path[0], &my_statfs_buf );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "statfs call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( memcmp( &my_statfs_buf.f_fstypename[0], "ufs", 3 ) == 0 ) {
                is_ufs = 1;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_bufp, (1024 * 5), VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* get pointer to just the file name */
        my_file_namep = strrchr( my_pathp, '/' );
        my_file_namep++;
        
        /* check out the  test directory */
        my_fd = open( &g_target_path[0], (O_RDONLY), 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test get/setattrlist */
        memset( &my_attrlist, 0, sizeof(my_attrlist) );
        my_attrlist.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT;
        my_attrlist.commonattr = (ATTR_CMN_OBJTYPE | ATTR_CMN_OBJID | ATTR_CMN_BKUPTIME); 
        my_err = getattrlist( my_pathp, &my_attrlist, &my_attr_buf[0], sizeof(my_attr_buf[0]), 0 );

        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                if ( errno == ENOTSUP && is_ufs ) {
                        /* getattr calls not supported on ufs */
                        my_err = 0;
                        goto test_passed_exit;
                }
                printf( "getattrlist call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        /* validate returned data */
        if ( my_attr_buf[0].obj_type != VREG ) {
                printf( "getattrlist returned incorrect obj_type data. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* set new backup time */
        my_obj_id = my_attr_buf[0].obj_id;
        my_new_backup_time = my_attr_buf[0].backup_time;
        my_new_backup_time.tv_sec += 60;
        my_attr_buf[0].backup_time.tv_sec = my_new_backup_time.tv_sec;
        my_attrlist.commonattr = (ATTR_CMN_BKUPTIME); 
        my_err = setattrlist( my_pathp, &my_attrlist, &my_attr_buf[0].backup_time, sizeof(my_attr_buf[0].backup_time), 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "setattrlist call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* validate setattrlist using getdirentriesattr */
        close( my_fd );
        my_fd = open( &g_target_path[0], (O_RDONLY), 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        memset( &my_attrlist, 0, sizeof(my_attrlist) );
        memset( &my_attr_buf, 0, sizeof(my_attr_buf) );
        my_attrlist.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT;
        my_attrlist.commonattr = (ATTR_CMN_OBJTYPE | ATTR_CMN_OBJID | ATTR_CMN_BKUPTIME); 
        my_count = 4;
        my_base = 0;
        my_err = getdirentriesattr( my_fd, &my_attrlist, &my_attr_buf[0], sizeof(my_attr_buf), &my_count,
                                                                &my_base, &my_new_state, 0 );
        if ( my_err < 0 ) {
                printf( "getdirentriesattr call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        found_it = 0;
        for ( i = 0; i < my_count; i++ ) {
                if ( my_attr_buf[i].obj_id.fid_objno == my_obj_id.fid_objno &&
                         my_attr_buf[i].obj_id.fid_generation == my_obj_id.fid_generation ) {
                        found_it = 1;
                        if ( my_attr_buf[i].backup_time.tv_sec !=  my_new_backup_time.tv_sec ) {
                                printf( "setattrlist failed to set backup time. \n" );
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                        }
                }
        }
        if ( found_it == 0 ) {
                printf( "getdirentriesattr failed to find test file. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        if(my_err != 0)
                my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        if ( my_bufp != NULL ) {
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_bufp, (1024 * 5));
         }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test exchangedata system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int exchangedata_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                             my_err;
        int                             my_fd1 = -1;
        int                             my_fd2 = -1;
        char *                  my_file1_pathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_file2_pathp = NULL;
        ssize_t                 my_result;
        char                    my_buffer[16];
        struct statfs   my_statfs_buf;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        /* need to know type of file system */
        my_err = statfs( &g_target_path[0], &my_statfs_buf );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "statfs call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( memcmp( &my_statfs_buf.f_fstypename[0], "ufs", 3 ) == 0 ) {
                /* ufs does not support exchangedata */
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_file1_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_file1_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_file1_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_file1_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_file1_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "create_random_name my_err: %d\n", my_err );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_fd1 = open( my_file1_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd1 == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_result = write( my_fd1, "11111111", 8 );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "write call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_file2_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_file2_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_file2_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_file2_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_file2_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "create_random_name my_err: %d\n", my_err );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_fd2 = open( my_file2_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd2 == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_result = write( my_fd2, "22222222", 8 );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "write call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        close(my_fd1);
        my_fd1 = -1;
        close(my_fd2);
        my_fd2 = -1;
        
        /* test exchangedata */
        my_err = exchangedata( my_file1_pathp, my_file2_pathp, 0 );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "exchangedata failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* now validate exchange */
        my_fd1 = open( my_file1_pathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_fd1 == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        bzero( (void *)&my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        my_result = read( my_fd1, &my_buffer[0], 8 );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "write call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        if ( memcmp( &my_buffer[0], "22222222", 8 ) != 0 ) {
                printf( "exchangedata failed - incorrect data in file \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd1 != -1 )
                close( my_fd1 );
        if ( my_file1_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_file1_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_file1_pathp, PATH_MAX);        
         }
        if ( my_fd2 != -1 )
                close( my_fd2 );
        if ( my_file2_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_file2_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_file2_pathp, PATH_MAX);        
         }
        return( my_err );
}


/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test searchfs system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */

struct packed_name_attr {
    u_int32_t               size;       /* Of the remaining fields */
    struct attrreference        ref;    /* Offset/length of name itself */
    char                                name[  PATH_MAX ];
};

struct packed_attr_ref {
    u_int32_t                       size;       /* Of the remaining fields */
    struct attrreference        ref;    /* Offset/length of attr itself */
};

struct packed_result {
    u_int32_t           size;           /* Including size field itself */
    attrreference_t     obj_name;
    struct fsobj_id         obj_id;
    struct timespec     obj_create_time;
    char                room_for_name[ 64 ];
};
typedef struct packed_result packed_result;
typedef struct packed_result * packed_result_p;

#define MAX_MATCHES     10
#define MAX_EBUSY_RETRIES 20

int searchfs_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                                             my_err, my_items_found = 0, my_ebusy_count;
        char *                                  my_pathp = NULL;
    unsigned long                       my_matches;
    unsigned long                       my_search_options;
    struct fssearchblock        my_search_blk;
    struct attrlist                     my_return_list;
    struct searchstate          my_search_state;
    struct packed_name_attr     my_info1;
    struct packed_attr_ref      my_info2;
    packed_result                       my_result_buffer[ MAX_MATCHES ];
        struct statfs                   my_statfs_buf;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        /* need to know type of file system */
        my_err = statfs( &g_target_path[0], &my_statfs_buf );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "statfs call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( memcmp( &my_statfs_buf.f_fstypename[0], "ufs", 3 ) == 0 ) {
                /* ufs does not support exchangedata */
                my_err = 0;
                goto test_passed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create test files */
        my_err = create_file_with_name( my_pathp, "foo", 0 );
        if ( my_err < 0 ) {
                printf( "failed to create a test file name in \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = create_file_with_name( my_pathp, "foobar", 0 );
        if ( my_err < 0 ) {
                printf( "failed to create a test file name in \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = create_file_with_name( my_pathp, "foofoo", 0 );
        if ( my_err < 0 ) {
                printf( "failed to create a test file name in \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = create_file_with_name( my_pathp, "xxxfoo", 0 );
        if ( my_err < 0 ) {
                printf( "failed to create a test file name in \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

    /* EBUSY count  updated below the catalogue_changed label */        
    my_ebusy_count = 0; 

catalogue_changed:
        /* search target volume for all file system objects with "foo" in the name */
    /* Set up the attributes we're searching on. */
    my_items_found = 0; /* Set this here in case we're completely restarting */
    my_search_blk.searchattrs.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT;
    my_search_blk.searchattrs.reserved = 0;
    my_search_blk.searchattrs.commonattr = ATTR_CMN_NAME;
    my_search_blk.searchattrs.volattr = 0;
    my_search_blk.searchattrs.dirattr = 0;
    my_search_blk.searchattrs.fileattr = 0;
    my_search_blk.searchattrs.forkattr = 0;
    
    /* Set up the attributes we want for all returned matches. */
    /* Why is returnattrs a pointer instead of an embedded struct? */
    my_search_blk.returnattrs = &my_return_list;
    my_return_list.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT;
    my_return_list.reserved = 0;
    my_return_list.commonattr = ATTR_CMN_NAME | ATTR_CMN_OBJID | ATTR_CMN_CRTIME;
    my_return_list.volattr = 0;
    my_return_list.dirattr = 0;
    my_return_list.fileattr = 0;
    my_return_list.forkattr = 0;
    
    /* Allocate a buffer for returned matches */
    my_search_blk.returnbuffer = my_result_buffer;
    my_search_blk.returnbuffersize = sizeof(my_result_buffer);
    
    /* Pack the searchparams1 into a buffer */
    /* NOTE: A name appears only in searchparams1 */
    strcpy( my_info1.name, "foo" );
    my_info1.ref.attr_dataoffset = sizeof(struct attrreference);
    my_info1.ref.attr_length = strlen(my_info1.name) + 1;
    my_info1.size = sizeof(struct attrreference) + my_info1.ref.attr_length;
    my_search_blk.searchparams1 = &my_info1;
    my_search_blk.sizeofsearchparams1 = my_info1.size + sizeof(u_int32_t);
    
    /* Pack the searchparams2 into a buffer */
    my_info2.size = sizeof(struct attrreference);
    my_info2.ref.attr_dataoffset = sizeof(struct attrreference);
    my_info2.ref.attr_length = 0;
    my_search_blk.searchparams2 = &my_info2;
    my_search_blk.sizeofsearchparams2 = sizeof(my_info2);
    
    /* Maximum number of matches we want */
    my_search_blk.maxmatches = MAX_MATCHES;
    
    /* Maximum time to search, per call */
    my_search_blk.timelimit.tv_sec = 1;
    my_search_blk.timelimit.tv_usec = 0;
    
    my_search_options = (SRCHFS_START | SRCHFS_MATCHPARTIALNAMES |
                                                 SRCHFS_MATCHFILES | SRCHFS_MATCHDIRS);
        do {
                char *  my_end_ptr;
                char *  my_ptr;
                int             i;
                
                my_err = searchfs( my_pathp, &my_search_blk, &my_matches, 0, my_search_options, &my_search_state );
        if ( my_err == -1 )
            my_err = errno;
        if ( (my_err == 0 || my_err == EAGAIN) && my_matches > 0 ) {
            /* Unpack the results */
          //  printf("my_matches %d \n", my_matches);
            my_ptr = (char *) &my_result_buffer[0];
            my_end_ptr = (my_ptr + sizeof(my_result_buffer));
            for ( i = 0; i < my_matches; ++i ) {
                packed_result_p         my_result_p = (packed_result_p) my_ptr;
                                char *                          my_name_p;
                                
                                /* see if we foound all our test files */
                                my_name_p = (((char *)(&my_result_p->obj_name)) + my_result_p->obj_name.attr_dataoffset);
                                if ( memcmp( my_name_p, "foo", 3 ) == 0 ||
                                         memcmp( my_name_p, "foobar", 6 ) == 0 ||
                                         memcmp( my_name_p, "foofoo", 6 ) == 0 ||
                                         memcmp( my_name_p, "xxxfoo", 6 ) == 0 ) {
                                        my_items_found++;
                                }
#if DEBUG
                printf("obj_name \"%.*s\" \n", 
                    (int) my_result_p->obj_name.attr_length,
                    (((char *)(&my_result_p->obj_name)) + 
                     my_result_p->obj_name.attr_dataoffset));
                printf("size %d fid_objno %d fid_generation %d tv_sec 0x%02LX \n", 
                    my_result_p->size, my_result_p->obj_id.fid_objno, 
                    my_result_p->obj_id.fid_generation, 
                    my_result_p->obj_create_time.tv_sec);
#endif                          
                my_ptr = (my_ptr + my_result_p->size);
                if (my_ptr > my_end_ptr)
                    break;
            }
        }

        /* EBUSY indicates catalogue change; retry a few times. */
        if ((my_err == EBUSY) && (my_ebusy_count++ < MAX_EBUSY_RETRIES)) {
                goto catalogue_changed;
        }
        if ( !(my_err == 0 || my_err == EAGAIN) ) {
                printf( "searchfs failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err) );
        }
        my_search_options &= ~SRCHFS_START;
    } while ( my_err == EAGAIN );

        if ( my_items_found < 4 ) {
                printf( "searchfs failed to find all test files \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                char *   my_ptr = (my_pathp + strlen( my_pathp ));
                strcat( my_pathp, "foo" );
                remove( my_pathp );     
                *my_ptr = 0x00;
                strcat( my_pathp, "foobar" );
                remove( my_pathp );     
                *my_ptr = 0x00;
                strcat( my_pathp, "foofoo" ); 
                remove( my_pathp );     
                *my_ptr = 0x00;
                strcat( my_pathp, "xxxfoo" );
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        return( my_err );
}


#define  AIO_TESTS_BUFFER_SIZE  (1024 * 4000)
#define  AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT  5
/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test aio_error, aio_read, aio_return, aio_suspend, aio_write, fcntl system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int aio_tests( void * the_argp )
{
        int                                     my_err, i;
        char *                          my_pathp;
        struct aiocb *          my_aiocbp;
        ssize_t                         my_result;
        struct timespec         my_timeout;
        int                                     my_fd_list[ AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT ];
        char *                          my_buffers[ AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT ];
        struct aiocb *          my_aiocb_list[ AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT ];
        struct aiocb            my_aiocbs[ AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT ];
        char *                          my_file_paths[ AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT ];
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        /* set up to have the ability to fire off up to AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT async IOs at once */
        memset( &my_fd_list[0], 0xFF, sizeof( my_fd_list ) );
        memset( &my_buffers[0], 0x00, sizeof( my_buffers ) );
        memset( &my_aiocb_list[0], 0x00, sizeof( my_aiocb_list ) );
        memset( &my_file_paths[0], 0x00, sizeof( my_file_paths ) );
        for ( i = 0; i < AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT; i++ ) {
                my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_buffers[ i ], AIO_TESTS_BUFFER_SIZE, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
                if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                        printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }

                my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_file_paths[ i ], PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
                if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                        printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }

                my_pathp = my_file_paths[ i ];
                *my_pathp = 0x00;
                strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
                strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

                /* create a test file */
                my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
                if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                my_fd_list[ i ] = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
                if ( my_fd_list[ i ] <= 0 ) {
                        printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }

                my_aiocbp = &my_aiocbs[ i ];
                my_aiocb_list[ i ] = my_aiocbp;
                memset( my_aiocbp, 0x00, sizeof( *my_aiocbp ) );
                my_aiocbp->aio_fildes = my_fd_list[ i ];
                my_aiocbp->aio_buf = (char *) my_buffers[ i ];
                my_aiocbp->aio_nbytes = 1024;
                my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_notify = SIGEV_NONE; // no signals at completion;
                my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_signo = 0;
        }

        /* test direct IO (F_NOCACHE) and aio_write */
        my_err = fcntl( my_fd_list[ 0 ], F_NOCACHE, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "malloc failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        my_aiocbp = &my_aiocbs[ 0 ];
    my_aiocbp->aio_fildes = my_fd_list[ 0 ];
        my_aiocbp->aio_offset = 4096;
        my_aiocbp->aio_buf = my_buffers[ 0 ];
    my_aiocbp->aio_nbytes = AIO_TESTS_BUFFER_SIZE;
    my_aiocbp->aio_reqprio = 0;
    my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_notify = 0;
    my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_signo = 0;
    my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_value.sival_int = 0;
    my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_notify_function = NULL;
    my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_notify_attributes = NULL;
    my_aiocbp->aio_lio_opcode = 0;
        
        /* write some data */
        memset( my_buffers[ 0 ], 'j', AIO_TESTS_BUFFER_SIZE );
    my_err = aio_write( my_aiocbp );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "aio_write failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
    
    while ( 1 ) {
        my_err = aio_error( my_aiocbp );
        if ( my_err == EINPROGRESS ) {
            /* wait for IO to complete */
            sleep( 1 );
            continue;
        }
        else if ( my_err == 0 ) {
            ssize_t             my_result;
            my_result = aio_return( my_aiocbp );
            break;
        }
        else {
                        printf( "aio_error failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
        }
    } /* while loop */

        /* read some data */
        memset( my_buffers[ 0 ], 'x', AIO_TESTS_BUFFER_SIZE );
    my_err = aio_read( my_aiocbp );

    while ( 1 ) {
        my_err = aio_error( my_aiocbp );
        if ( my_err == EINPROGRESS ) {
            /* wait for IO to complete */
            sleep( 1 );
            continue;
        }
        else if ( my_err == 0 ) {
            ssize_t             my_result;
            my_result = aio_return( my_aiocbp );
                        
                        if ( *(my_buffers[ 0 ]) != 'j' || *(my_buffers[ 0 ] + AIO_TESTS_BUFFER_SIZE - 1) != 'j' ) {
                                printf( "aio_read or aio_write failed - wrong data read \n" );
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                        }
            break;
        }
        else {
                        printf( "aio_read failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
        }
    } /* while loop */

        /* test aio_fsync */
        close( my_fd_list[ 0 ] );
        my_fd_list[ 0 ] = open( my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd_list[ 0 ] == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_aiocbp = &my_aiocbs[ 0 ];
    my_aiocbp->aio_fildes = my_fd_list[ 0 ];
    my_aiocbp->aio_offset = 0;
    my_aiocbp->aio_buf = my_buffers[ 0 ];
    my_aiocbp->aio_nbytes = 1024;
    my_aiocbp->aio_reqprio = 0;
    my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_notify = 0;
    my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_signo = 0;
    my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_value.sival_int = 0;
    my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_notify_function = NULL;
    my_aiocbp->aio_sigevent.sigev_notify_attributes = NULL;
    my_aiocbp->aio_lio_opcode = 0;
        
        /* write some data */
        memset( my_buffers[ 0 ], 'e', 1024 );
    my_err = aio_write( my_aiocbp );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "aio_write failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
    while ( 1 ) {
        my_err = aio_error( my_aiocbp );
        if ( my_err == EINPROGRESS ) {
            /* wait for IO to complete */
            sleep( 1 );
            continue;
        }
        else if ( my_err == 0 ) {
            ssize_t             my_result;
            my_result = aio_return( my_aiocbp );
            break;
        }
        else {
                        printf( "aio_error failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
        }
    } /* while loop */

        my_err = aio_fsync( O_SYNC, my_aiocbp );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "aio_fsync failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
    while ( 1 ) {
        my_err = aio_error( my_aiocbp );
        if ( my_err == EINPROGRESS ) {
            /* wait for IO to complete */
            sleep( 1 );
            continue;
        }
        else if ( my_err == 0 ) {
                        aio_return( my_aiocbp );
            break;
        }
        else {
                        printf( "aio_error failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
        }
    } /* while loop */

        /* validate write */
        memset( my_buffers[ 0 ], 0x20, 16 );
        lseek( my_fd_list[ 0 ], 0, SEEK_SET );  
        my_result = read( my_fd_list[ 0 ], my_buffers[ 0 ], 16);
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "read call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( *(my_buffers[ 0 ]) != 'e' || *(my_buffers[ 0 ] + 16 - 1) != 'e' ) {
                printf( "aio_fsync or aio_write failed - wrong data read \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test aio_suspend and lio_listio */
        for ( i = 0; i < AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT; i++ ) {
                memset( my_buffers[ i ], 'a', AIO_TESTS_BUFFER_SIZE );
                my_aiocbp = &my_aiocbs[ i ];
                my_aiocbp->aio_nbytes = AIO_TESTS_BUFFER_SIZE;
                my_aiocbp->aio_lio_opcode = LIO_WRITE;
        }
    my_err = lio_listio( LIO_NOWAIT, my_aiocb_list, AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT, NULL );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "lio_listio call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_timeout.tv_sec = 1;
        my_timeout.tv_nsec = 0;
        my_err = aio_suspend( (const struct aiocb *const*) my_aiocb_list, AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT, &my_timeout );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "aio_suspend call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test aio_cancel */
        for ( i = 0; i < AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT; i++ ) {
                my_aiocbp = &my_aiocbs[ i ];
                my_err = aio_cancel( my_aiocbp->aio_fildes, my_aiocbp );
                if ( my_err != AIO_ALLDONE && my_err != AIO_CANCELED && my_err != AIO_NOTCANCELED ) {
                        printf( "aio_cancel failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        for ( i = 0; i < AIO_TESTS_OUR_COUNT; i++ ) {
                if ( my_fd_list[ i ] != -1 ) {
                        close( my_fd_list[ i ] );
                        my_fd_list[ i ] = -1;
                }
                if ( my_file_paths[ i ] != NULL ) {
                        remove( my_file_paths[ i ] );
                        vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_file_paths[ i ], PATH_MAX);    
                        my_file_paths[ i ] = NULL;
                }
                if ( my_buffers[ i ] != NULL ) {
                        vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_buffers[ i ], AIO_TESTS_BUFFER_SIZE);
                        my_buffers[ i ] = NULL;
                }
        }
        return( my_err );
}


/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test msgctl, msgget, msgrcv, msgsnd system calls. 
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int message_queue_tests( void * the_argp )
{
        int                                     my_err;
        int                                     my_msg_queue_id = -1;
        ssize_t                         my_result;
        struct msqid_ds         my_msq_ds;
        struct testing_msq_message {
                long    msq_type;
                char    msq_buffer[ 32 ];
        }                                       my_msg;

        /* get a message queue established for our use */
        my_msg_queue_id = msgget( IPC_PRIVATE, (IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | IPC_R | IPC_W) );
        if ( my_msg_queue_id == -1 ) {
                printf( "msgget failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* get some stats on our message queue */
        my_err = msgctl( my_msg_queue_id, IPC_STAT, &my_msq_ds );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "msgctl failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_msq_ds.msg_perm.cuid != geteuid( ) ) {
                printf( "msgctl IPC_STAT failed to get correct creator uid \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( (my_msq_ds.msg_perm.mode & (IPC_R | IPC_W)) == 0 ) {
                printf( "msgctl IPC_STAT failed to get correct mode \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* put a message into our queue */
        my_msg.msq_type = 1;
        strcpy( &my_msg.msq_buffer[ 0 ], "testing 1, 2, 3" );
        my_err = msgsnd( my_msg_queue_id, &my_msg, sizeof( my_msg.msq_buffer ), 0 );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "msgsnd failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = msgctl( my_msg_queue_id, IPC_STAT, &my_msq_ds );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "msgctl failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_msq_ds.msg_qnum != 1 ) {
                printf( "msgctl IPC_STAT failed to get correct number of messages on the queue \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* pull message off the queue */
        bzero( (void *)&my_msg, sizeof( my_msg ) );
        my_result = msgrcv( my_msg_queue_id, &my_msg, sizeof( my_msg.msq_buffer ), 0, 0 );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "msgrcv failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_result != sizeof( my_msg.msq_buffer ) ) {
                printf( "msgrcv failed to return the correct number of bytes in our buffer \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( strcmp( &my_msg.msq_buffer[ 0 ], "testing 1, 2, 3" ) != 0 ) {
                printf( "msgrcv failed to get the correct message \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = msgctl( my_msg_queue_id, IPC_STAT, &my_msq_ds );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "msgctl failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_msq_ds.msg_qnum != 0 ) {
                printf( "msgctl IPC_STAT failed to get correct number of messages on the queue \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* tear down the message queue */
        my_err = msgctl( my_msg_queue_id, IPC_RMID, NULL );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "msgctl IPC_RMID failed with errno %d - %s \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_msg_queue_id = -1;

        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_msg_queue_id != -1 ) {
                msgctl( my_msg_queue_id, IPC_RMID, NULL );
        }
        return( my_err );
}



/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test execution from data and stack areas.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int data_exec_tests( void * the_argp )
{
        int my_err = 0;
        int arch, bits;
        posix_spawnattr_t attrp;
        char *argv[] = { "helpers/data_exec32nonxspawn", NULL };

        int my_pid, my_status, ret;
        
        if ((arch = get_architecture()) == -1) {
                printf("data_exec_test: couldn't determine architecture\n");
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        bits = get_bits();

        /*
         * If the machine is 64-bit capable, run both the 32 and 64 bit versions of the test.
         * Otherwise, just run the 32-bit version.
         */

        if (arch == INTEL) {
                if (bits == 64) {
                        if (system("arch -arch x86_64 helpers/data_exec") != 0) {
                                printf("data_exec-x86_64 failed\n");
                                goto test_failed_exit;
                        }
                }

                if (system("arch -arch i386 helpers/data_exec") != 0) {
                        printf("data_exec-i386 failed\n");
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                
                posix_spawnattr_init(&attrp);
                posix_spawnattr_setflags(&attrp, _POSIX_SPAWN_ALLOW_DATA_EXEC );
                ret = posix_spawn(&my_pid, "helpers/data_exec32nonxspawn", NULL, &attrp, argv, NULL);
                if (ret) {
                        printf("data_exec-i386 failed in posix_spawn %s\n", strerror(errno));
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                ret = wait4(my_pid, &my_status, 0, NULL);
                if (ret == -1) {
                        printf("data_exec-i386 wait4 failed with errno %d - %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                if (WEXITSTATUS(my_status) != 0) {
                        printf("data_exec-i386 _POSIX_SPAWN_ALLOW_DATA_EXEC failed\n");
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        /* Add new architectures here similar to the above. */

        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;

test_passed_exit:
        return my_err;
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test KASLR-related functionality
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int kaslr_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int result = 0;
        uint64_t slide = 0;
        size_t size;
        int slide_enabled;

        size = sizeof(slide_enabled);
        result = sysctlbyname("kern.slide", &slide_enabled, &size, NULL, 0);
        if (result != 0) {
                printf("sysctlbyname(\"kern.slide\") failed with errno %d\n", errno);
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* Test positive case first */
        size = sizeof(slide);
        result = kas_info(KAS_INFO_KERNEL_TEXT_SLIDE_SELECTOR, &slide, &size);
        if (result == 0) {
                /* syscall supported, slide must be non-zero if running latest xnu and KASLR is enabled */
                if (slide_enabled && (slide == 0)) {
                        printf("kas_info(KAS_INFO_KERNEL_TEXT_SLIDE_SELECTOR, &slide, &size) reported slide of 0x%016llx\n", slide);
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                if (size != sizeof(slide)) {
                        printf("kas_info(KAS_INFO_KERNEL_TEXT_SLIDE_SELECTOR, &slide, &size) reported size of %lu\n", size);
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        } else {
                /* Only ENOTSUP is allowed. If so, assume all calls will be unsupported */
                if (errno == ENOTSUP) {
                        return 0;
                } else {
                        printf("kas_info(KAS_INFO_KERNEL_TEXT_SLIDE_SELECTOR, &slide, &size) returned unexpected errno (errno %d)\n", errno);
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }
        
        /* Negative cases for expected failures */
        size = sizeof(slide);
        result = kas_info(KAS_INFO_KERNEL_TEXT_SLIDE_SELECTOR, NULL /* EFAULT */, &size);
        if ((result == 0) || (errno != EFAULT)) {
                printf("kas_info(KAS_INFO_KERNEL_TEXT_SLIDE_SELECTOR, NULL, &size) returned unexpected success or errno (result %d errno %d)\n", result, errno);
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        size = sizeof(slide) + 1; /* EINVAL */
        result = kas_info(KAS_INFO_KERNEL_TEXT_SLIDE_SELECTOR, NULL, &size);
        if ((result == 0) || (errno != EINVAL)) {
                printf("kas_info(KAS_INFO_KERNEL_TEXT_SLIDE_SELECTOR, NULL, &size+1) returned unexpected success or errno (result %d errno %d)\n", result, errno);
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        result = kas_info(KAS_INFO_KERNEL_TEXT_SLIDE_SELECTOR, NULL /* EFAULT */, NULL /* EFAULT */);
        if ((result == 0) || (errno != EFAULT)) {
                printf("kas_info(KAS_INFO_KERNEL_TEXT_SLIDE_SELECTOR, NULL, NULL) returned unexpected success or errno (result %d errno %d)\n", result, errno);
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        size = sizeof(slide);
        result = kas_info(KAS_INFO_MAX_SELECTOR /* EINVAL */, &slide, &size);
        if ((result == 0) || (errno != EINVAL)) {
                printf("kas_info(KAS_INFO_MAX_SELECTOR, &slide, &size) returned unexpected success or errno (result %d errno %d)\n", result, errno);
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        return 0;

test_failed_exit:
        return -1;
}

typedef struct attrs {
         uint32_t          attrs_length;
         attribute_set_t   attrs_returned;
         uint32_t          attr_error;
         attrreference_t   attr_name;
         fsobj_type_t      attr_obj_type;
         
         union {
                struct {
                        uint32_t entry_count;
                } directory;
                struct {
                        off_t   size;
                } file;
         } attr_obj;
         
} attrs_t;

int getattrlistbulk_test( void * the_argp )
{

        int     error;
        struct attrlist attr_list;
        attrs_t *attrsptr;
        char    *entry_start;
        int     retcount = 0, totalcount = 0;
        int     index;
        char    *nameptr;
        int     attr_buf_size;
        char    *attr_buf;
        int     dirfd = -1;
        char*   target = "/System/Library/CoreServices";

        memset(&attr_list, 0, sizeof(attr_list));
        attr_list.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT;
        attr_list.commonattr  = ATTR_CMN_RETURNED_ATTRS |
                        ATTR_CMN_NAME |
                        ATTR_CMN_OBJTYPE |
                        ATTR_CMN_ERROR |
                        ATTR_FILE_TOTALSIZE|
                        ATTR_DIR_ENTRYCOUNT;

        error = 0;
        /*allocate a buffer for 10 items*/
        attr_buf_size = 10 * (sizeof(attrs_t) + FILENAME_MAX );
        if (vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(),
                (vm_address_t*)&attr_buf, 
                attr_buf_size, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE) != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", 
                        errno, strerror( errno) );
                attr_buf = NULL;
                error = -1;
                goto last_exit;
        }
        
        dirfd = openat (AT_FDCWD, target, O_RDONLY, 0);
        if (dirfd == -1) {
                printf("openat \"%s\" failed with  error %d - \"%s\" \n", 
                        target, errno, strerror( errno));
                error = -1;
                goto last_exit;
        } 

        do {
                retcount = getattrlistbulk(dirfd, 
                                &attr_list, &attr_buf[0],
                                attr_buf_size, FSOPT_PACK_INVAL_ATTRS);
                 if (retcount == -1) {
                        printf("getattrlistbulk on %s returned %d items\n", 
                                target, totalcount);
                        printf("getattrlistbulk failed with  error %d - \"%s\" \n", 
                                errno, strerror( errno));
                        error = -1;
                        break;
                 } else if (retcount == 0) {
                        /* No more entries in directory */
                        printf("getattrlistbulk succeded: found %d entries in %s\n", totalcount, target);
                        error = 0;
                        break;
                 } else {
                        totalcount += retcount;    
                        entry_start = &attr_buf[0];
                        for (index = 0; index < retcount; index++) {
                                /*set attrsptr to item record buffer*/
                                attrsptr = (attrs_t *)entry_start;

                                /*
                                 *calculate starting point for next item in bulk
                                 *list
                                 */
                                entry_start += attrsptr->attrs_length;

                                if ((attrsptr->attrs_returned.commonattr & ATTR_CMN_ERROR) &&
                                     attrsptr->attr_error) {
                                        nameptr = (char*)(&(attrsptr->attr_name)) + attrsptr->attr_name.attr_dataoffset;
                                        printf("getattrlistbulk item \"%s\" ATTR_CMN_ERROR %d \"%s\"\n",
                                                nameptr, attrsptr->attr_error, 
                                                strerror(attrsptr->attr_error));
                                }
                        }
                } 
        } while (1);
        
last_exit:
        if (dirfd != -1) {
                (void)close(dirfd);
        }
        
        if (attr_buf != NULL) {
                vm_deallocate(
                        mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)attr_buf, attr_buf_size);       
        }

        return error;
}

#define INVALID_FD -173
static int create_random_name_at(int the_dirfd, char *the_dirpathp, 
                        char *the_namep, size_t the_namep_len, 
                        char *the_pathp, size_t the_pathp_len, 
                        int do_create );
/*
 * create_random_name_at - creates a file with a random / unique name in the given directory.
 * when do_create is true we create a file else we generaate a name that does not exist in the
 * given directory (we do not create anything when do_open is 0).
 * A name is generated relative to the directory fd. If both a directory path and
 * and a buffer to hold the full pathname are provided, an abolute pathname is also returned.
 * An absolute pathname for the generated filename is returned in my_pathp.
 * WARNING - caller provides enough space in the_namep buffer for longest possible name (NAME_MAX).
 * WARNING - caller provides enough space in the_pathp buffer for longest possible path (PATH_MAX).
 * RAND_MAX is currently 2147483647 (ten characters plus one for a slash)
 */
int create_random_name_at(int the_dirfd, char *the_dirpathp, 
                        char *the_namep, size_t the_namep_len, 
                        char *the_pathp, size_t the_pathp_len, 
                        int do_create )
{
        int             i, my_err;
        int             my_fd = -1;

        for ( i = 0; i < 1; i++ ) {
                int             my_rand;
                char            *myp;
                char            my_name[32];

                my_rand = rand( );
                sprintf( &my_name[0], "%d", my_rand );
                if ( (strlen( &my_name[0] ) + strlen( the_dirpathp ) + 2) > PATH_MAX ) {
                        printf( "%s - path to test file greater than PATH_MAX \n", __FUNCTION__ );
                        return( -1 );
                }

                // generate name and absolute path
                myp = the_namep;
                *(myp) = (char)0x00;
                strlcat(the_namep, &my_name[0], the_namep_len);

                /*
                 *If the caller has passed in a path pointer and directory path
                 *it means an absolute path is to be returned as well.
                 */
                if (the_pathp && the_dirpathp) {
                        *the_pathp = (char)0x00;
                        strlcat(the_pathp, the_dirpathp, the_pathp_len);
                        strlcat(the_pathp, "/", the_pathp_len);
                        strlcat(the_pathp, the_namep, the_pathp_len);
                }

                if (do_create) {
                        /* create a file with this name */
                        my_fd = openat( the_dirfd, the_namep, (O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL),
                                     (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH) );
                        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                                if ( errno != EEXIST ) {
                                        printf( "%s - open failed with errno %d - %s \n",
                                               __FUNCTION__, errno, strerror( errno ) );
                                        return( -1 );
                                }
                                // name already exists, try another
                                i--;
                                continue;
                        }
                }

                else {
                        /* make sure the name is unique */
                        struct stat             my_sb;
                        my_err = fstatat( the_dirfd, the_namep, &my_sb, 0 );
                        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                                if ( errno == ENOENT ) {
                                        break;
                                }
                                else {
                                        printf( "%s - open failed with errno %d - %s \n",
                                               __FUNCTION__, errno, strerror( errno ) );
                                        return( -1 );
                                }
                        }
                        /* name already exists, try another */
                        i--;
                        continue;
                }
        }

        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );

        return( 0 );

} /* create_random_name_at */

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test close, fpathconf, fstat, open, pathconf system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int openat_close_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int             my_err;
        int             my_dirfd = -1;
        int             my_fd = -1;
        int             error_fd = -1;
        char *          my_dirpathp = NULL;
        char *          my_namep = NULL;
        char *          my_pathp = NULL;
        ssize_t         my_result;
        long            my_pconf_result;
        struct stat     my_sb;
        char            my_buffer[32];
        kern_return_t           my_kr;


        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_dirpathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_dirpathp = 0x00;
        strlcat( my_dirpathp, &g_target_path[0], PATH_MAX );

        my_dirfd = openat(AT_FDCWD, my_dirpathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_dirfd == -1 ) {
                printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t Directory we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_dirpathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_namep, NAME_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_namep = 0x00;
        if (my_pathp) {
                *my_pathp = 0x00;
        }

        /* If dirpath is absolute, we can ask for an absolute path name to file back from create_random_name_at */
        if (*my_dirpathp == '/') {
                my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
                if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                        printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        /*
         * Some basic openat validation. If pathname is absolute, invalid fd should
         * not matter.
         */

        if (*my_dirpathp == '/') {
                my_dirfd = openat( INVALID_FD, my_dirpathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
                if ( my_dirfd == -1 ) {
                        printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        printf( "\t Directory we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_dirpathp );
                        printf( "\t Was Absolute pathname, invalid fd, %d, provided as input \n", INVALID_FD);
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                close(my_dirfd);

        }

        my_dirfd = openat( AT_FDCWD, my_dirpathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_dirfd == -1 ) {
                printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t Directory we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_dirpathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name_at( my_dirfd, my_dirpathp, my_namep, NAME_MAX, my_pathp, PATH_MAX, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /*
         * If pathname is not absolute, an openat relative to a invalid directory fd
         * should not work.
         */
        if (my_pathp) {
                /*  test O_WRONLY case */
                my_fd = openat( INVALID_FD, my_namep, O_WRONLY, 0 );
                if ( my_fd != -1 ) {
                        printf( "openat call relative to invalid dir fd worked\n");
                        printf( "\t file we attempted to open -> \"%s\" relative to fd -173\n", my_pathp );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        /*  test O_WRONLY case */
        my_fd = openat( my_dirfd, my_namep, O_WRONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t file we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /*
         * try to open relative to non-directory fd.
         * It should fail with ENOTDIR.
         */
        if ((error_fd = openat(my_fd, my_namep, O_WRONLY, 0)) != -1) {
                printf( "openat call succeded with fd being a non-directory fd\n");
                printf( "\t file we attempted to open (reltive to itself)-> \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                close(error_fd);
                goto test_failed_exit;
        } else if (errno != ENOTDIR) {
                printf( "openat call should have failed with errno 20 (ENOTDIR).  actually failed with %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err) );
        }

        my_pconf_result = fpathconf( my_fd, _PC_NAME_MAX );
        if ( my_pconf_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "fpathconf - _PC_PATH_MAX - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        //      printf( "_PC_NAME_MAX %ld \n", my_pconf_result );
        /* results look OK? */
        if ( my_pconf_result < 6 ) {
                printf( "fpathconf - _PC_NAME_MAX - looks like wrong results \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* write some data then try to read it */
        my_result = write( my_fd, "kat", 3 );
        my_err = errno;
        if ( my_result != 3 ) {
                if ( sizeof( ssize_t ) > sizeof( int ) ) {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %ld \n", (long int) my_result );
                }
                else {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %d \n", (int) my_result );
                }
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* Try to read - this should fail since we opened file with O_WRONLY */
        my_result = read( my_fd, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        my_err = errno;
        if ( my_result != -1 ) {
                printf( "read call should have failed with errno 9 (EBADF) \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        else if ( my_err != EBADF ) {
                printf( "read call should have failed with errno 9 (EBADF).  actually failed with %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        close( my_fd );

        /*  test O_TRUNC and O_APPEND case */
        my_fd = openat( my_dirfd, my_namep, (O_RDWR | O_TRUNC | O_APPEND), 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "open call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t file we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_result = read( my_fd, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "read call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_result != 0 ) {
                printf( "read failed - should have read 0 bytes. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_result = write( my_fd, "kat", 3 );
        my_err = errno;
        if ( my_result != 3 ) {
                if ( sizeof( ssize_t ) > sizeof( int ) ) {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %ld \n", (long int) my_result );
                }
                else {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %d \n", (int) my_result );
                }
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* add some more data to the test file - this should be appended */
        lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_SET );
        my_result = write( my_fd, "zzz", 3 );
        my_err = errno;
        if ( my_result != 3 ) {
                if ( sizeof( ssize_t ) > sizeof( int ) ) {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %ld \n", (long int) my_result );
                }
                else {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %d \n", (int) my_result );
                }
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* now verify the writes */
        bzero( (void *)&my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        lseek( my_fd, 0, SEEK_SET );
        my_result = read( my_fd, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "read call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_buffer[0] != 'k' || my_buffer[5] != 'z' ) {
                printf( "read failed to get correct data \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /*
         * try to stat relative to non-directory fd.
         * It should fail with ENOTDIR.
         */
        if ((fstatat( my_fd, my_namep, &my_sb, 0 )) != -1) {
                printf( "fstatat call succeded with fd being a non-directory fd\n");
                printf( "\t file we attempted to stat (relative to itself)-> \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        } else if (errno != ENOTDIR) {
                printf( "fstatat call should have failed with errno 20 (ENOTDIR).  actually failed with %d - \"%s\" \n", my_err, strerror( my_err) );
        }

        /* test fstatat */
        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_namep, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "fstatat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_sb.st_size != 6 ) {
                printf( "fstatat call failed - st_size is wrong \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( !S_ISREG( my_sb.st_mode ) ) {
                printf( "fstatat call failed - st_mode does not indicate regular file \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;

test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );

        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove(my_pathp);
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
        }

        if ( my_namep ) {
                unlinkat( my_dirfd, my_pathp, 0 );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_namep, NAME_MAX);
        }

        if ( my_dirfd != -1)
                close(my_dirfd);

        if ( my_dirpathp != NULL ) {
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_dirpathp, PATH_MAX);
        }

        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test linkat, fstatat and unlinkat system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int linkat_fstatat_unlinkat_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err;
        int                     my_dirfd = -1;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        char *                  my_dirpathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_namep = NULL;
        char *                  my_pathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_name2p = NULL;
        nlink_t                 my_link_count;
        ssize_t                 my_result;
        struct stat             my_sb;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;


        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_dirpathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_dirpathp = 0x00;
        strlcat( my_dirpathp, &g_target_path[0], PATH_MAX );

        my_dirfd = openat(AT_FDCWD, my_dirpathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_dirfd == -1 ) {
                printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t Directory we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_dirpathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_namep, NAME_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_namep = 0x00;
        if (my_pathp) {
                *my_pathp = 0x00;
        }

        /* If dirpath is absolute, we can ask for an absolute path name to file back from create_random_name_at */
        if (*my_dirpathp == '/') {
                my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
                if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                        printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name_at( my_dirfd, my_dirpathp, my_namep, NAME_MAX, my_pathp, PATH_MAX, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_name2p, NAME_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_name2p = 0x00;

        /* now create a name for the link file */
        strlcat( my_name2p, my_namep, NAME_MAX );
        strlcat( my_name2p, "link", NAME_MAX );

        /* get the current link count */
        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_namep, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_link_count = my_sb.st_nlink;

        /* Double check with absolute path name */
        if (my_pathp) {
                my_err = fstatat(INVALID_FD, my_pathp, &my_sb, 0 );
                if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                        printf( "fstatat with INVALID_FD and absolute pathname failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                if (my_link_count != my_sb.st_nlink) {
                        printf( "fstatat call did not return correct number of links" );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        /* check file size (should be 0) */
        if ( my_sb.st_size != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat structure looks bogus for test file \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                printf( "st_size is not 0 \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* change file size */
        my_fd = openat(my_dirfd, my_namep, O_RDWR, 0 );
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t file we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_result = write( my_fd, "kat", 3 );
        my_err = errno;
        if ( my_result != 3 ) {
                if ( sizeof( ssize_t ) > sizeof( int ) ) {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %ld \n", (long int) my_result );
                }
                else {
                        printf( "write failed.  should have written 3 bytes actually wrote -  %d \n", (int) my_result );
                }
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        close( my_fd );
        my_fd = -1;

        /* now link another file to our test file and recheck link count */
        /* N.B. - HFS only supports AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW */
        my_err = linkat( my_dirfd, my_namep, my_dirfd, my_name2p, AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "linkat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_pathp, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "fstatat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( (my_link_count + 1) != my_sb.st_nlink ) {
                printf( "stat structure looks bogus for test file \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                printf( "incorrect st_nlink \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* check file size (should be 3) */
        if ( my_sb.st_size != 3 ) {
                printf( "stat structure looks bogus for test file \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                printf( "st_size is not 3 \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* now make sure unlink works OK */
        my_err = unlinkat( my_dirfd, my_name2p, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "unlinkat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_namep, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_link_count != my_sb.st_nlink ) {
                printf( "stat structure looks bogus for test file \"%s\" \n", my_pathp );
                printf( "incorrect st_nlink \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;

test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );

        if ( my_name2p != NULL ) {
                (void)unlinkat( my_dirfd, my_name2p, 0 );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_name2p, NAME_MAX);
        }

        if ( my_namep != NULL ) {
                (void)unlinkat( my_dirfd, my_name2p, 0 );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_name2p, NAME_MAX);
        }

        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
        }

        if ( my_dirpathp != NULL ) {
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_dirpathp, PATH_MAX);
        }

        if ( my_dirfd != -1 )
                close( my_dirfd );
        
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test faccessat, fchmodat and fchmod system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int faccessat_fchmodat_fchmod_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int             error_occurred;
        int             is_absolute_path = 0;
        int             my_err;
        int             my_dirfd = -1;
        int             my_fd = -1;

        char *          my_dirpathp = NULL;
        char *          my_namep = NULL;
        char *          my_pathp = NULL;

        uid_t           euid,ruid;
        struct stat     my_sb;

        FILE *          file_handle;

        kern_return_t   my_kr;


        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_dirpathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_dirpathp = 0x00;
        strlcat( my_dirpathp, &g_target_path[0], PATH_MAX );

        /*
         * Some basic openat validation. If pathname is absolute, an invalid fd should
         * not matter.
         */

        if (*my_dirpathp == '/') {
                is_absolute_path = 1;
                my_dirfd = openat(INVALID_FD, my_dirpathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
                if ( my_dirfd == -1 ) {
                        printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        printf( "\t Directory we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_dirpathp );
                        printf( "\t Was Absolute pathname, invalid fd, %d, provided as input \n", INVALID_FD);
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                close( my_dirfd );
        }

        my_dirfd = openat(AT_FDCWD, my_dirpathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_dirfd == -1 ) {
                printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t Directory we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_dirpathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_namep, NAME_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_namep = 0x00;

        if (is_absolute_path) {
                my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
                if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                        printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }

                *my_pathp = 0x00;
        }

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name_at(my_dirfd, my_dirpathp, my_namep, NAME_MAX, my_pathp, PATH_MAX, 1);
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test chmod */
        my_err = fchmodat(my_dirfd, my_namep, S_IRWXU, 0);
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "chmod call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = fchmodat( my_dirfd, my_namep, (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP), 0 );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "chmod call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* test access - this should fail */
        my_err = faccessat( my_dirfd, my_namep, (X_OK), 0 );
        if ( my_err == 0 ) {
                printf( "access call should have failed, but did not. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        else if ( my_err == -1  ) {
                int tmp = 0;
                tmp = getuid( );

                /* special case when running as root - we get back EPERM when running as root */
                my_err = errno;
                if ( ( tmp == 0 && my_err != EPERM) || (tmp != 0 && my_err != EACCES) ) {
                        printf( "access failed with errno %d - %s. \n", my_err, strerror( my_err ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        /* verify correct modes are set */
        /* First check that Absolute path works even with an invalid FD */
        if (is_absolute_path) {
                my_err = fstatat( INVALID_FD, my_pathp, &my_sb, 0 );
                if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                        printf( "fstatat call failed with an absolute pathname.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_namep, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if ( (my_sb.st_mode & (S_IRWXO | S_IXGRP)) != 0 ||
            (my_sb.st_mode & (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP)) == 0 ) {
                printf( "chmod call appears to have failed.  stat shows incorrect values in st_mode! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }


        /*  another test for the access system call  -- refer ro radar# 6725311 */


        /*
         * This test makes sure that the access system call does not give the current user extra
         * permissions on files the current user does not own. From radar #6725311, this could
         * happen when the current user calls access() on a file owned by the current user in
         * the same directory as the other files not owned by the current user.
         *
         * Note: This test expects that the effective uid (euid) is set to root.
         *
         */

        /* Create a file that root owns  */
        file_handle = fopen(FILE_NOTME, "w");
        fclose(file_handle);

        /* Currently running as root (through setreuid manipulation), switch to running as the current user. */
        euid = geteuid();
        ruid = getuid();
        setreuid(ruid, ruid);

        /* Create a file that the current user owns  */
        file_handle = fopen(FILE_ME, "w");
        fclose(file_handle);

        error_occurred = 0;

        /* Try to remove the file owned by root (this should fail). */
        my_err = unlinkat( AT_FDCWD, FILE_NOTME, 0 );

        if (my_err < 0) {
                my_err = errno;
        }

        if (my_err == 0) {
                printf("Unresolved: First attempt deleted '" FILE_NOTME "'! \n");
                error_occurred = 1;
        } else {
                printf("Passed: First attempt to delete '" FILE_NOTME "'  failed with error %d - %s.\n", my_err, strerror( my_err ));

                /* Set _DELETE_OK on a file that the current user owns */
                faccessat(AT_FDCWD, FILE_ME, _DELETE_OK, 0 );

                /* Try to remove the file owned by root again (should give us: EPERM [13]) */
                my_err = unlinkat(AT_FDCWD, FILE_NOTME, 0);

                if (my_err < 0) {
                        my_err = errno;
                }

                if (my_err == 0) {
                        printf("Failed: Second attempt deleted '" FILE_NOTME "'!\n");
                        error_occurred = 1;
                } else if (my_err == 13) {
                        printf("Passed: Second attempt to delete '" FILE_NOTME "' failed with error %d - %s.\n", my_err, strerror( my_err ));
                } else {
                        printf("Failed: Second attempt to delete '" FILE_NOTME "' failed with error %d - %s.\n", my_err, strerror( my_err ));
                        error_occurred = 1;
                }
        }

        /* Reset to running as root */
        setreuid(ruid, euid);

        if(error_occurred == 1) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }


        /* end of test*/


        /* test fchmod */
        my_fd = openat( my_dirfd, my_namep, O_RDONLY, 0);
        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", &g_target_path[0] );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = fchmod( my_fd, S_IRWXU );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "fchmod call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = fstatat( INVALID_FD, my_pathp, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* verify correct modes are set */
        if ( (my_sb.st_mode & (S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO)) != 0 ||
            (my_sb.st_mode & (S_IRWXU)) == 0 ) {
                printf( "fchmod call appears to have failed.  stat shows incorrect values in st_mode! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;

test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
        }
        if ( my_namep != NULL ) {
                unlinkat(my_dirfd, my_namep, 0);
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, NAME_MAX);

        }

        if ( my_dirfd != -1)
                close( my_dirfd);

        if ( my_dirpathp != NULL ) {
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
        }
        
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test fchownat, fchown, readlinkat, symlinkat system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int fchownat_fchown_symlinkat_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err, my_group_count, i;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        int                     my_dirfd = -1;
        char *                  my_dirpathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_namep = NULL;
        char *                  my_link_namep = NULL;
        char *                  my_pathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_link_pathp = NULL;
        int                     is_absolute_path = 0;
        uid_t                   my_orig_uid;
        gid_t                   my_orig_gid, my_new_gid1 = 0, my_new_gid2 = 0;
        ssize_t                 my_result;
        struct stat             my_sb;
        gid_t                   my_groups[ NGROUPS_MAX ];
        char                    my_buffer[ 64 ];
        kern_return_t           my_kr;


        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_dirpathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_dirpathp = 0x00;
        strlcat( my_dirpathp, &g_target_path[0], PATH_MAX );

        /*
         * Some basic openat validation. If pathname is absolute, an invalid fd should
         * not matter.
         */
        if (*my_dirpathp == '/') {
                is_absolute_path = 1;
                my_dirfd = openat(INVALID_FD, my_dirpathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
                if ( my_dirfd == -1 ) {
                        printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        printf( "\t Directory we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_dirpathp );
                        printf( "\t Was Absolute pathname, invalid fd, %d, provided as input \n", INVALID_FD);
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                close( my_dirfd );
        }

        my_dirfd = openat(AT_FDCWD, my_dirpathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_dirfd == -1 ) {
                printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t Directory we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_dirpathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_namep, NAME_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_namep = 0x00;

        if (is_absolute_path) {
                my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
                if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                        printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }

                *my_pathp = 0x00;
        }

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name_at(my_dirfd, my_dirpathp, my_namep, NAME_MAX, my_pathp, PATH_MAX, 1);
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_link_namep, NAME_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_link_namep = 0x00;

        if (is_absolute_path) {
                my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_link_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
                if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                        printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }

                *my_link_pathp = 0x00;
        }

        /* get a name for the link (to create the symlink later) */
        my_err = create_random_name_at(my_dirfd, my_dirpathp, my_link_namep, NAME_MAX, my_link_pathp, PATH_MAX, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if ( !_prime_groups() ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* set up by getting a list of groups */
        my_group_count = getgroups( NGROUPS_MAX, &my_groups[0] );

        if ( my_group_count == -1 || my_group_count < 1 ) {
                printf( "getgroups call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_namep, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* now change group owner to something other than current value */
        my_orig_gid = my_sb.st_gid;
        my_orig_uid = my_sb.st_uid;

        for ( i = 0; i < my_group_count; i++ ) {
                if ( my_orig_gid != my_groups[ i ] ) {
                        if ( my_new_gid1 == 0 ) {
                                my_new_gid1 = my_groups[ i ];
                        }
                        else if( my_new_gid1 != my_groups[ i ] ) {
                                my_new_gid2 = my_groups[ i ];
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }
        if ( i >= my_group_count ) {
                printf( "not enough groups to choose from.  st_gid is the same as current groups! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = fchownat( my_dirfd, my_namep, my_orig_uid, my_new_gid1, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "chown call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure the group owner was changed */
        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_namep, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_sb.st_gid == my_orig_gid ) {
                printf( "chown call failed.  st_gid is not correct! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* change group owner back using fchown */
        if (is_absolute_path) {
                my_fd = openat( INVALID_FD, my_pathp, O_RDWR, 0 );
        } else {
                my_fd = openat( my_dirfd, my_namep, O_RDWR, 0 );
        }

        if ( my_fd == -1 ) {
                printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", &g_target_path[0] );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = fchown( my_fd, my_orig_uid, my_new_gid2 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "fchown call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure the group owner was changed back to the original value */
        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_namep, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "fstatat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_sb.st_gid == my_new_gid1 ) {
                printf( "fchown call failed.  st_gid is not correct! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* create a link file and test fstatat(..., AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) */
        my_err = symlinkat( my_namep, my_dirfd, my_link_namep );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "symlinkat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_link_namep, &my_sb, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "fstatat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* now change group owner to something other than current value */
        my_orig_gid = my_sb.st_gid;
        my_orig_uid = my_sb.st_uid;
        my_err = fchownat( my_dirfd, my_link_namep, my_orig_uid, my_new_gid1, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "fchownat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure the group owner was changed to new value */
        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_link_namep, &my_sb, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "fstatat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_sb.st_gid == my_new_gid2 ) {
                printf( "fchownat call failed.  st_gid is not correct! \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure we can read the symlink file */
        my_result = readlinkat( my_dirfd, my_link_namep, &my_buffer[0], sizeof(my_buffer) );
        if ( my_result == -1 ) {
                printf( "readlinkat call failed.  got errno %d - %s. \n", errno, strerror( errno ) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        /* make sure we read some data */
        if ( my_result < 1 ) {
                printf( "readlinkat failed to read any data. \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;

test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if  ( my_namep ) {
                unlinkat( my_dirfd, my_namep, 0);
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_namep, NAME_MAX);
        }
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
        }
        if  ( my_link_namep ) {
                unlinkat( my_dirfd, my_link_namep, 0);
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_link_namep, NAME_MAX);
        }
        if ( my_link_pathp != NULL ) {
                unlink( my_link_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_link_pathp, PATH_MAX);
        }
        if ( my_dirfd != -1 )
                close(my_dirfd);

        if ( my_dirpathp != NULL ) {
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_dirpathp, PATH_MAX);
        }


        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test mkdirat, unlinkat, umask system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int mkdirat_unlinkat_umask_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                             my_err;
        int                             my_dirfd = -1;
        int                             my_fd = -1;
        int                             did_umask = 0;
        char *                          my_dirpathp = NULL;
        char *                          my_namep = NULL;
        char *                          my_pathp = NULL;
        mode_t                          my_orig_mask;
        struct stat                     my_sb;
        kern_return_t                   my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_dirpathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_dirpathp = 0x00;
        strlcat( my_dirpathp, &g_target_path[0], PATH_MAX );

        my_dirfd = openat(AT_FDCWD, my_dirpathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_dirfd == -1 ) {
                printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t Directory we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_dirpathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* If dirpath is absolute, we can ask for an absolute path name to file back from create_random_name_at */
        if (*my_dirpathp == '/') {
                my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
                if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                        printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_namep, NAME_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_namep = 0x00;
        if (my_pathp) {
                *my_pathp = 0x00;
        }

        /* get a random name to use with mkdirat (don't create) */
        my_err = create_random_name_at( my_dirfd, my_dirpathp, my_namep, NAME_MAX, my_pathp, PATH_MAX, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* set umask to clear WX for other and group and clear X for user */
        my_orig_mask = umask( (S_IXUSR | S_IWGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IWOTH | S_IXOTH) );
        did_umask = 1;

        /* create a directory with RWX for user, group, other (which should be limited by umask) */
        my_err = mkdirat( my_dirfd, my_namep, (S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO) );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "mkdirat failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* verify results - (S_IXUSR | S_IWGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IWOTH | S_IXOTH) should be clear*/
        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_pathp, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "fstat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( (my_sb.st_mode & (S_IXUSR | S_IWGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IWOTH | S_IXOTH)) != 0 ) {
                printf( "umask did not limit modes as it should have \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* get rid of our test directory */
        my_err = unlinkat( my_dirfd, my_namep, AT_REMOVEDIR );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "unlinkat(..., AT_REMOVEDIR)  failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;

test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );

        if  ( my_namep ) {
                unlinkat( my_dirfd, my_namep, AT_REMOVEDIR );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_namep, NAME_MAX);
        }

        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                rmdir( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
        }

        if ( my_dirfd != -1 )
                close(my_dirfd);

        if ( my_dirpathp != NULL ) {
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_dirpathp, PATH_MAX);
        }

        if ( did_umask != 0 ) {
                umask( my_orig_mask );
        }

        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test renameat, fstatat system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int renameat_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err;
        int                     my_dirfd = -1;
        char *                  my_dirpathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_namep = NULL;
        char *                  my_pathp = NULL;
        char *                  my_new_namep = NULL;
        char *                  my_new_pathp = NULL;
        ino_t                   my_file_id;
        struct stat             my_sb;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_dirpathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_dirpathp = 0x00;
        strlcat( my_dirpathp, &g_target_path[0], PATH_MAX );

        my_dirfd = openat(AT_FDCWD, my_dirpathp, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( my_dirfd == -1 ) {
                printf( "openat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                printf( "\t Directory we attempted to open -> \"%s\" \n", my_dirpathp );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* If dirpath is absolute, we can ask for an absolute path name to file back from create_random_name_at */
        if (*my_dirpathp == '/') {
                my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
                if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                        printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_namep, NAME_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_namep = 0x00;
        if (my_pathp) {
                *my_pathp = 0x00;
        }

        /* create random file */
        my_err = create_random_name_at( my_dirfd, my_dirpathp, my_namep, NAME_MAX, my_pathp, PATH_MAX, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }


        /* If dirpath is absolute, we can ask for an absolute path name to file back from create_random_name_at */
        if (*my_dirpathp == '/') {
                my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_new_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
                if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                        printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_new_namep, NAME_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_new_namep = 0x00;
        if (my_new_pathp) {
                *my_new_pathp = 0x00;
        }

        /* create random file */
        my_err = create_random_name_at( my_dirfd, my_dirpathp, my_new_namep, NAME_MAX, my_new_pathp, PATH_MAX, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* save file ID for later use */
        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_namep, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "fstatat - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        my_file_id = my_sb.st_ino;

        /* test rename */
        my_err = renameat( my_dirfd, my_namep, my_dirfd, my_new_namep );
        if ( my_err == -1 ) {
                printf( "rename - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure old name is no longer there */
        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_namep, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err == 0 ) {
                printf( "renameat call failed - found old name \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* make sure new name is there and is correct file id */
        my_err = fstatat( my_dirfd, my_new_namep, &my_sb, 0 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                printf( "stat - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        if ( my_file_id != my_sb.st_ino ) {
                printf( "rename failed - wrong file id \n" );
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /* cross check with absolute path and invalid fd */
        if (my_new_pathp) {
                my_err = fstatat( INVALID_FD, my_new_pathp, &my_sb, 0 );
                if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                        printf( "stat - failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
                if ( my_file_id != my_sb.st_ino ) {
                        printf( "rename failed - wrong file id \n" );
                        goto test_failed_exit;
                }
        }

        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;

test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);
        }
        if ( my_new_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_new_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_new_pathp, PATH_MAX);
        }
        return( my_err );
}

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test task_set_exception_ports, host_set_exception_ports
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
static int __get_except_port(int which, mach_port_t *portp,
                             exception_behavior_t *behaviorp,
                             thread_state_flavor_t *flavorp)
{
        exception_mask_t masks[EXC_TYPES_COUNT];
        mach_msg_type_number_t nmasks = 0;
        exception_port_t ports[EXC_TYPES_COUNT];
        exception_behavior_t behaviors[EXC_TYPES_COUNT];
        thread_state_flavor_t flavors[EXC_TYPES_COUNT];

        *portp = MACH_PORT_NULL;
        *behaviorp = 0;
        *flavorp = 0;

        kern_return_t kr = KERN_FAILURE;
        if (which == 0) { /* host port */
                kr = host_get_exception_ports(mach_host_self(), EXC_MASK_BAD_ACCESS,
                                masks, &nmasks, ports, behaviors, flavors);
        } else if (which == 1) { /* task port */
                kr = task_get_exception_ports(mach_task_self(), EXC_MASK_BAD_ACCESS,
                                masks, &nmasks, ports, behaviors, flavors);
        } else if (which == 2) { /* thread_port */
                kr = thread_get_exception_ports(mach_thread_self(), EXC_MASK_BAD_ACCESS,
                                masks, &nmasks, ports, behaviors, flavors);
        } else {
                printf("ERROR: invalid 'which' in %s\n", __func__);
                return -1;
        }
        if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                printf("ERROR getting %s exception port!\n", which == 0 ? "task" : "host");
                return -1;
        }
        *portp = ports[0];
        *behaviorp = behaviors[0];
        *flavorp = flavors[0];

        return 0;
}

int set_exception_ports_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int           testFlavor = -900000;
        kern_return_t ret;
        mach_port_t   exception_port;

        mach_port_t           old_except_port;
        exception_behavior_t  old_behavior;
        thread_state_flavor_t old_flavor;


        ret = mach_port_allocate( mach_task_self(), MACH_PORT_RIGHT_RECEIVE, &exception_port );
        if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                printf("ERROR allocating new exception port?!\n");
                return -1;
        }
        ret = mach_port_insert_right( mach_task_self(), exception_port, exception_port, MACH_MSG_TYPE_MAKE_SEND );
        if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                printf("ERROR inserting send right into new exception port?!\n");
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        if (__get_except_port(2, &old_except_port, &old_behavior, &old_flavor) < 0)
                goto test_failed_exit;

        ret = thread_set_exception_ports( mach_thread_self(),
                                          EXC_MASK_BAD_ACCESS,
                                          exception_port,
                                          EXCEPTION_STATE_IDENTITY,
                                          testFlavor );
        /*
         * this test _fails_ if we successfully set the exception port
         * with an invalid thread flavor
         */
        if (ret == KERN_SUCCESS) {
                thread_set_exception_ports( mach_thread_self(),
                                            EXC_MASK_BAD_ACCESS,
                                            old_except_port, old_behavior, old_flavor );
                printf("thread_set_exception_ports failed: expected !KERN_SUCCESS for flavor %d\n", testFlavor);
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /*
         * so far, so good: the thread_set_exception_ports call failed,
         * so we don't need to reset anything, but we do need to
         * drop our reference to the old exception port we grabbed.
         */
        mach_port_deallocate( mach_task_self(), old_except_port );

        if (__get_except_port(1, &old_except_port, &old_behavior, &old_flavor) < 0)
                goto test_failed_exit;

        ret = task_set_exception_ports( mach_task_self(),
                                        EXC_MASK_BAD_ACCESS,
                                        exception_port,
                                        EXCEPTION_STATE_IDENTITY,
                                        testFlavor );
        /*
         * this test _fails_ if we successfully set the exception port
         * with an invalid thread flavor
         */
        if (ret == KERN_SUCCESS) {
                task_set_exception_ports( mach_task_self(),
                                          EXC_MASK_BAD_ACCESS,
                                          old_except_port, old_behavior, old_flavor );
                printf("task_set_exception_ports failed: expected !KERN_SUCCESS for flavor %d\n", testFlavor);
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        /*
         * so far, so good: the task_set_exception_ports call failed,
         * so we don't need to reset anything, but we do need to
         * drop our reference to the old exception port we grabbed.
         */
        mach_port_deallocate( mach_task_self(), old_except_port );

        /*
         * Now try the host exception port
         */
        if (__get_except_port(0, &old_except_port, &old_behavior, &old_flavor) < 0)
                goto test_failed_exit;

        ret = host_set_exception_ports( mach_host_self(),
                                        EXC_MASK_BAD_ACCESS,
                                        exception_port,
                                        EXCEPTION_STATE_IDENTITY,
                                        testFlavor );
        /*
         * this test _fails_ if we successfully set the exception port
         * with an invalid thread flavor
         */
        if (ret == KERN_SUCCESS) {
                host_set_exception_ports( mach_host_self(),
                                          EXC_MASK_BAD_ACCESS,
                                          old_except_port, old_behavior, old_flavor );
                printf("host_set_exception_ports failed: expected !KERN_SUCCESS for flavor %d\n", testFlavor);
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        mach_port_deallocate( mach_task_self(), exception_port );
        mach_port_deallocate( mach_task_self(), old_except_port );
        return 0;

test_failed_exit:
        mach_port_deallocate( mach_task_self(), exception_port );
        if (old_except_port != MACH_PORT_NULL)
                mach_port_deallocate( mach_task_self(), old_except_port );
        return -1;
}


#if TEST_SYSTEM_CALLS 

/*  **************************************************************************************************************
 *      Test xxxxxxxxx system calls.
 *  **************************************************************************************************************
 */
int sample_test( void * the_argp )
{
        int                     my_err;
        int                     my_fd = -1;
        char *          my_pathp = NULL;
        kern_return_t           my_kr;

        my_kr = vm_allocate((vm_map_t) mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t*)&my_pathp, PATH_MAX, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
        if(my_kr != KERN_SUCCESS){
                  printf( "vm_allocate failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                  goto test_failed_exit;
        }

        *my_pathp = 0x00;
        strcat( my_pathp, &g_target_path[0] );
        strcat( my_pathp, "/" );

        /* create a test file */
        my_err = create_random_name( my_pathp, 1 );
        if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                goto test_failed_exit;
        }
        
        /* add your test code here... */
        
        
        my_err = 0;
        goto test_passed_exit;

test_failed_exit:
        my_err = -1;
        
test_passed_exit:
        if ( my_fd != -1 )
                close( my_fd );
        if ( my_pathp != NULL ) {
                remove( my_pathp );
                vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)my_pathp, PATH_MAX);      
         }
        return( my_err );
}

#endif