[apple/xnu.git] / tools / tests / xnu_quick_test / main.c

/* 
 * xnu_quick_test - this tool will do a quick test of every (well, to be
 * honest most) system calls we support in xnu.
 *
 * WARNING - this is not meant to be a full regression test of all the
 * system calls.  The intent is to have a quick test of each system call that
 * can be run very easily and quickly when a new kerenl is built.
 *
 * This tool is meant to grow as we find xnu problems that could have be
 * caught before we submit to a build train.  So please add more tests and
 * make the existing ones better.  Some of the original tests are nothing
 * more than place holders and quite lame.  Just keep in mind that the tool
 * should run as fast as possible.  If it gets too slow then most people
 * will stop running it.
 *
 * LP64 testing tip - when adding or modifying tests, keep in mind the
 * variants in the LP64 world.  If xnu gets passed a structure the varies in
 * size between 32 and 64-bit processes, try to test that a field in the 
 * sructure contains valid data.  For example if we know foo structure
 * looks like:
 * struct foo {
 *              int             an_int;
 *              long    a_long;
 *              int             another_int;
 * }
 * And if we know what another_int should contain then test for the known
 * value since it's offset will vary depending on whether the calling process
 * is 32 or 64 bits.
 *
 * NOTE - we have several workarounds and test exceptions for some
 * outstanding bugs in xnu.  All the workarounds are marked with "todo" and
 * some comments noting the radar number of the offending bug.  Do a seach
 * for "todo" in the source files for this project to locate which tests have
 * known failures.   And please tag any new exceptions you find with "todo"
 * in the comment and the radar number of the bug.
 */

#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/syslimits.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ucred.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <mach-o/ldsyms.h>
#include <mach-o/loader.h>
#include <mach-o/arch.h>
#include "tests.h"

#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
#include <XILog/XILog.h>
#endif



/* our table of tests to run  */
struct test_entry   g_tests[] =
{
        {1, &syscall_test, NULL, "syscall"},
        {1, &fork_wait4_exit_test, NULL, "fork, wait4, exit"},
        {1, &read_write_test, NULL, "fsync, ftruncate, lseek, pread, pwrite, read, readv, truncate, write, writev"},
        {1, &open_close_test, NULL, "close, fpathconf, fstat, open, pathconf"},
        {1, &link_stat_unlink_test, NULL, "link, stat, unlink"},
        {1, &chdir_fchdir_test, NULL, "chdir, fchdir"},
        {1, &access_chmod_fchmod_test, NULL, "access, chmod, fchmod"},
        {1, &chown_fchown_lchown_lstat_symlink_test, NULL, "chown, fchown, lchown, lstat, readlink, symlink"},
        {1, &fs_stat_tests, NULL, "fstatfs, getfsstat, statfs, fstatfs64, getfsstat64, statfs64"},
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
        {1, &statfs_32bit_inode_tests, NULL, "32-bit inode versions: fstatfs, getfsstat, statfs"},
#endif
        {1, &getpid_getppid_pipe_test, NULL, "getpid, getppid, pipe"},
        {1, &uid_tests, NULL, "getauid, gettid, getuid, geteuid, issetugid, setaudit_addr, seteuid, settid, settid_with_pid, setuid"},
        {1, &mkdir_rmdir_umask_test, NULL, "mkdir, rmdir, umask"},
        {1, &mknod_sync_test, NULL, "mknod, sync"},
        {1, &socket2_tests, NULL, "fsync, getsockopt, poll, select, setsockopt, socketpair"},
        {1, &socket_tests, NULL, "accept, bind, connect, getpeername, getsockname, listen, socket, recvmsg, sendmsg, sendto, sendfile"},
        {1, &chflags_fchflags_test, NULL, "chflags, fchflags"},
        {1, &execve_kill_vfork_test, NULL, "kill, vfork, execve, posix_spawn"},
        {1, &groups_test, NULL, "getegid, getgid, getgroups, setegid, setgid, setgroups"},
        {1, &dup_test, NULL, "dup, dup2, getdtablesize"},
        {1, &getrusage_test, NULL, "getrusage"},
        {1, &signals_test, NULL, "getitimer, setitimer, sigaction, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsuspend, sigwait"},
        {1, &acct_test, NULL, "acct"},
        {1, &ioctl_test, NULL, "ioctl"},
        {1, &chroot_test, NULL, "chroot"},
        {1, &memory_tests, NULL, "madvise, mincore, minherit, mlock, mlock, mmap, mprotect, msync, munmap"},
        {1, &process_group_test, NULL, "getpgrp, getpgid, getsid, setpgid, setpgrp, setsid"},
        {1, &fcntl_test, NULL, "fcntl"},
        {1, &getlogin_setlogin_test, NULL, "getlogin, setlogin"},
        {1, &getpriority_setpriority_test, NULL, "getpriority, setpriority"},
        {1, &time_tests, NULL, "futimes, gettimeofday, settimeofday, utimes"},
        {1, &rename_test, NULL, "rename, stat"},
        {1, &locking_test, NULL, "flock"},
        {1, &mkfifo_test, NULL, "mkfifo, read, write"},
        {1, &quotactl_test, NULL, "quotactl"},
        {1, &limit_tests, NULL, "getrlimit, setrlimit"},
        {1, &directory_tests, NULL, "getattrlist, getdirentriesattr, setattrlist"},
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
        {1, &getdirentries_test, NULL, "getdirentries"},
        {1, &exchangedata_test, NULL, "exchangedata"},
#endif
        {1, &searchfs_test, NULL, "searchfs"},
        {1, &sema2_tests, NULL, "sem_close, sem_open, sem_post, sem_trywait, sem_unlink, sem_wait"},
        {1, &sema_tests, NULL, "semctl, semget, semop"},
        {1, &bsd_shm_tests, NULL, "shm_open, shm_unlink"},
        {1, &shm_tests, NULL, "shmat, shmctl, shmdt, shmget"},
        {1, &xattr_tests, NULL, "fgetxattr, flistxattr, fremovexattr, fsetxattr, getxattr, listxattr, removexattr, setxattr"},
        {1, &aio_tests, NULL, "aio_cancel, aio_error, aio_read, aio_return, aio_suspend, aio_write, fcntl, lio_listio"},
        {1, &kqueue_tests, NULL, "kevent, kqueue"},
        {1, &message_queue_tests, NULL, "msgctl, msgget, msgrcv, msgsnd"},
        {1, &data_exec_tests, NULL, "data/stack execution"},
        {1, &machvm_tests, NULL, "Mach VM calls"},
        {1, &commpage_data_tests, NULL, "Commpage data"},
#if defined(i386) || defined(__x86_64__)
        {1, &atomic_fifo_queue_test, NULL, "OSAtomicFifoEnqueue, OSAtomicFifoDequeue"},
#endif
        {1, &sched_tests, NULL, "Scheduler tests"},
#if TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
        {1, &content_protection_test, NULL, "Content protection tests"},
#endif
        {1, &pipes_test, NULL, "Pipes tests"},
        {1, &kaslr_test, NULL, "KASLR tests"},
        {0, NULL, NULL, "last one"}
};

static void create_target_directory( const char * the_targetp );
static void list_all_tests( void );
static void mark_tests_to_run( long my_start, long my_end );
static int parse_tests_to_run( int argc, const char * argv[], int * indexp );
static void usage( void );
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
static int setgroups_if_single_user(void);
#endif
static const char *current_arch( void );

/* globals */
long            g_max_failures = 0;
int             g_skip_setuid_tests = 0;
int             g_xilog_active = 0;
const char *    g_cmd_namep;
char            g_target_path[ PATH_MAX ];
int             g_is_single_user = 0;
int             g_testbots_active = 0;
 
int main( int argc, const char * argv[] ) 
{
        #pragma unused(argc)
        #pragma unused(argv)
        int                             my_tests_count, i;
        int                             err;
        int                             my_failures = 0;
        int                             list_the_tests = 0;
        const char *    my_targetp;
        time_t                  my_start_time, my_end_time;
        struct stat             my_stat_buf;
        char                    my_buffer[64];
        /* vars for XILog */
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
        XILogRef                logRef;
        char                    *logPath = "";
        char                    *config = NULL;
        int                             echo = 0;
        int                             xml = 0;
#endif
        sranddev( );                            /* set up seed for our random name generator */
        g_cmd_namep = argv[0];
        
        /* NOTE - code in create_target_directory will append '/' if it is necessary */
        my_targetp = getenv("TMPDIR");
        if ( my_targetp == NULL )
                my_targetp = "/tmp";
        
        /* make sure our executable is owned by root and has set uid bit */
        err = stat( g_cmd_namep, &my_stat_buf );
        if ( err != 0 ) {
                err = errno;
                printf( "stat call on our executable failed -  \"%s\" \n", g_cmd_namep );
                printf( " failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", err, strerror( err) );
                exit( -1 );
        }
        if ( my_stat_buf.st_uid != 0 || (my_stat_buf.st_mode & S_ISUID) == 0 ) {
                printf( "executable file -  \"%s\" \n", g_cmd_namep );
                printf( "does not have correct owner (must be root) or setuid bit is not set \n" );
                exit( -1 );
        }
        
        /* parse input parameters */
        for ( i = 1; i < argc; i++ ) {
                if ( strcmp( argv[i], "-u" ) == 0 ) {
                        usage( );
                }
                if ( strcmp( argv[i], "-t" ) == 0 ||
                         strcmp( argv[i], "-target" ) == 0 ) {
                        if ( ++i >= argc ) {
                                printf( "invalid target parameter \n" );
                                usage( );
                        }
                        /* verify our target directory exists */
                        my_targetp = argv[i];
                        err = stat( my_targetp, &my_stat_buf );
                        if ( err != 0 || S_ISDIR(my_stat_buf.st_mode) == 0 ) {
                                printf( "invalid target path \n" );
                                if ( err != 0 ) {
                                        printf( "stat call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( errno) );
                                }
                                usage( );
                        }
                        continue;
                }
                if ( strcmp( argv[i], "-f" ) == 0 ||
                         strcmp( argv[i], "-failures" ) == 0 ) {
                        if ( ++i >= argc ) {
                                printf( "invalid failures parameter \n" );
                                usage( );
                        }

                        /* get our max number of failures */
                        g_max_failures = strtol( argv[i], NULL, 10 );
                        continue;
                }
                if ( strcmp( argv[i], "-l" ) == 0 ||
                         strcmp( argv[i], "-list" ) == 0 ) {
                        /* list all the tests this tool will do.
                         */
                        list_the_tests = 1;
                        continue;
                }
                if ( strcmp( argv[i], "-r" ) == 0 ||
                         strcmp( argv[i], "-run" ) == 0 ) {
                        if ( ++i >= argc ) {
                                printf( "invalid run tests parameter \n" );
                                usage( );
                        }

                        /* get which tests to run */
                        if ( parse_tests_to_run( argc, argv, &i ) != 0 ) {
                                printf( "invalid run tests parameter \n" );
                                usage( );
                        }
                        continue;
                }
                if ( strcmp( argv[i], "-s" ) == 0 ||
                         strcmp( argv[i], "-skip" ) == 0 ) {
                        /* set that want to skip the setuid related tests - this is useful for debgugging since since I can't  
                         * get setuid tests to work while in gdb.
                         */
                        g_skip_setuid_tests = 1;
                        continue;
                }
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED 
                if ( strcmp( argv[i], "-x" ) == 0 ||
                         strcmp( argv[i], "-xilog" ) == 0 ) {
                        g_xilog_active = 1;
                        continue;
                }
#endif
                printf( "invalid argument \"%s\" \n", argv[i] );
                usage( );
        }

        /* done parsing.
         */

/* Check if we are running under testbots */
#if RUN_UNDER_TESTBOTS
g_testbots_active = 1;
#endif
        /* Code added to run xnu_quick_test under testbots */
        if ( g_testbots_active == 1 ) {
                printf("[TEST] xnu_quick_test \n");     /* Declare the beginning of test suite */
        }

#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED    
        /* Populate groups list if we're in single user mode */
        if (setgroups_if_single_user()) {
                return 1;
        }
#endif
        if ( list_the_tests != 0 ) {
                list_all_tests( );
                return 0;
        }
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
        if (g_xilog_active == 1) {      
                logRef = XILogOpenLogExtended( logPath, "xnu_quick_test", "com.apple.coreos", config, xml, 
                                                echo, NULL, "ResultOwner", "com.apple.coreos", NULL );
                if( logRef == NULL )  {
                        fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't create log: %s",logPath);
                        exit(-1);
                }
        }
#endif
        
        /* build a test target directory that we use as our path to create any test
         * files and directories.
         */
        create_target_directory( my_targetp );
        printf( "Will allow %ld failures before testing is aborted \n", g_max_failures );
        
        my_start_time = time( NULL );
        printf( "\nBegin testing - %s \n", ctime_r( &my_start_time, &my_buffer[0] ) );
        printf( "Current architecture is %s\n", current_arch() );

        /* Code added to run xnu_quick_test under testbots */
                
        /* run each test that is marked to run in our table until we complete all of them or
         * hit the maximum number of failures.
         */
        my_tests_count = (sizeof( g_tests ) / sizeof( g_tests[0] ));
        for ( i = 0; i < (my_tests_count - 1); i++ ) {
                int                             my_err;
                test_entryp             my_testp;

                my_testp = &g_tests[i];
                if ( my_testp->test_run_it == 0 || my_testp->test_routine == NULL )
                        continue;
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED 
                if (g_xilog_active == 1) {      
                        XILogBeginTestCase( logRef, my_testp->test_infop, my_testp->test_infop );       
                        XILogMsg( "test #%d - %s \n", (i + 1), my_testp->test_infop );
                }
#endif

                if ( g_testbots_active == 1 ) {
                        printf("[BEGIN] %s \n", my_testp->test_infop);
                }

                printf( "test #%d - %s \n", (i + 1), my_testp->test_infop );
                fflush(stdout);
                my_err = my_testp->test_routine( my_testp->test_input );
                if ( my_err != 0 ) {
                        printf("\t--> FAILED \n");
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED 
                        if (g_xilog_active == 1) {      
                                XILogMsg("SysCall %s failed", my_testp->test_infop);
                                XILogErr("Result %d", my_err);
                        }
#endif
                        my_failures++;
                        if ( my_failures > g_max_failures ) {
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED 
                                if (g_xilog_active == 1) {
                                        XILogMsg("Reached the maximum number of failures - Aborting xnu_quick_test.");
                                        XILogEndTestCase( logRef, kXILogTestPassOnErrorLevel );
                                }
#endif
                                printf( "\n Reached the maximum number of failures - Aborting xnu_quick_test. \n" );
                                /* Code added to run xnu_quick_test under testbots */
                                if ( g_testbots_active == 1 ) {
                                        printf("[FAIL] %s \n", my_testp->test_infop);
                                }       
                                goto exit_this_routine;
                        }
                        /* Code added to run xnu_quick_test under testbots */
                        if ( g_testbots_active == 1 ) {
                                printf("[FAIL] %s \n", my_testp->test_infop);
                        }                       
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED 
                        if (g_xilog_active == 1) {
                                XILogEndTestCase( logRef, kXILogTestPassOnErrorLevel );
                        }
#endif
                        continue;
                }
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED 
                if (g_xilog_active == 1) {      
                        XILogEndTestCase(logRef, kXILogTestPassOnErrorLevel);
                }
#endif
                /* Code added to run xnu_quick_test under testbots */
                if ( g_testbots_active == 1 ) {
                        printf("[PASS] %s \n", my_testp->test_infop);
                }       
        }
        
exit_this_routine:
        my_end_time = time( NULL );
        printf( "\nEnd testing - %s \n", ctime_r( &my_end_time, &my_buffer[0] ) );

        /* clean up our test directory */
        rmdir( &g_target_path[0] );     

#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED 
        if (g_xilog_active == 1) {      
                XILogCloseLog(logRef);
        }
#endif
        
    return 0;
} /* main */


/* 
 * parse_tests_to_run - parse the -run argument parameters.  the run argument tells us which tests the user
 * wants to run.  we accept ranges (example  1 - 44) and runs of tests (example 2, 33, 34, 100) or a mix of
 * both (example  1, 44 - 100, 200, 250)
 */
static int parse_tests_to_run( int argc, const char * argv[], int * indexp )
{
        int                             my_tests_count, is_range = 0, i;
        const char *    my_ptr;
        char *                  my_temp_ptr;
        long                    my_first_test_number, my_last_test_number;
        char                    my_buffer[ 128 ];
        
        /* set tests table to not run any tests then go back and set the specific tests the caller asked for */
        my_tests_count = (sizeof( g_tests ) / sizeof( g_tests[0] ));
        for ( i = 0; i < (my_tests_count - 1); i++ ) {
                g_tests[ i ].test_run_it = 0;
        }
         
        for ( i = *indexp; i < argc; i++ ) {
                my_ptr = argv[ i ];
                if ( strlen( my_ptr ) > 1 && *my_ptr == '-' && isalpha( *(my_ptr + 1) ) ) {
                        /* we have hit a new argument - need to make sure caller uses this argument on the next
                         * pass through its parse loop (which will bump the index value so we want to be one less
                         * than the actual index). 
                         */
                        *indexp = (i - 1);
                        return 0;
                }
                
                if ( strlen( my_ptr ) == 1 && *my_ptr == '-' ) {
                        /* we are dealing with a range of tests, for example:  33 - 44  */
                        is_range = 1;
                        continue;
                }

                if ( strlen( my_ptr ) > (sizeof( my_buffer ) - 1) ) {
                        printf( "-run argument has too many test parameters (max of %lu characters) \n", sizeof( my_buffer ) );
                        return -1;
                }
                /* get a local copy of the parameter string to work with - break range into two strings */
                strcpy( &my_buffer[0], my_ptr );

                my_temp_ptr = strrchr( &my_buffer[0], '-' );
                if ( my_temp_ptr != NULL ) {
                        /* we are dealing with a range of tests with no white space, for example:  33-44  or  33- 44  */
                        my_temp_ptr = strrchr( &my_buffer[0], '-' );
                        *my_temp_ptr = 0x00;
                        my_first_test_number = strtol( &my_buffer[0], NULL, 10 );
                        if ( *(my_temp_ptr + 1) == 0x00 ) {
                                /* we hit the case where the range indicator is at the end of one string, for example:  33-  */
                                is_range = 1;
                                continue;
                        }
                        my_last_test_number = strtol( (my_temp_ptr + 1), NULL, 10 );
                        if ( my_first_test_number < 1 || my_first_test_number > my_last_test_number ) {
                                printf( "-run argument has invalid range parmeters \n" );
                                return -1;
                        }
                        mark_tests_to_run( my_first_test_number, my_last_test_number );
                        is_range = 0;
                        continue;
                }
                
                if ( is_range ) {
                        /* should be the second part of the test number range */
                        my_last_test_number = strtol( &my_buffer[0], NULL, 10 );
                        if ( my_first_test_number < 1 || my_first_test_number > my_last_test_number ) {
                                printf( "-run argument has invalid range parmeters \n" );
                                return -1;
                        }

                        mark_tests_to_run( my_first_test_number, my_last_test_number );
                        is_range = 0;
                        continue;
                }
                else {
                        my_first_test_number = strtol( &my_buffer[0], NULL, 10 );
                        if ( my_first_test_number < 1 ) {
                                printf( "-run argument has invalid test number parameter \n" );
                                return -1;
                        }
                        mark_tests_to_run( my_first_test_number, my_first_test_number );
                        continue;
                }
        }
        
        *indexp = i;
        return 0;
        
} /* parse_tests_to_run */


static void create_target_directory( const char * the_targetp )
{
        int                     err;
        
        if ( strlen( the_targetp ) > (sizeof(g_target_path) - 1) ) {
                printf( "target path too long - \"%s\" \n", the_targetp );
                exit( 1 );
        }
        
        for ( ;; ) {
        int                     my_rand;
        char            my_name[64];
                
        my_rand = rand( );
        sprintf( &my_name[0], "xnu_quick_test-%d", my_rand );
        if ( (strlen( &my_name[0] ) + strlen( the_targetp ) + 2) > PATH_MAX ) {
                        printf( "target path plus our test directory name is too long: \n" );
                        printf( "target path - \"%s\"  \n", the_targetp );
                        printf( "test directory name - \"%s\"  \n", &my_name[0] );
                        exit( 1 );
                }

        /* append generated directory name onto our path */
                g_target_path[0] = 0x00;
        strcat( &g_target_path[0], the_targetp );
                if ( g_target_path[ (strlen(the_targetp) - 1) ] != '/' ) {
                        strcat( &g_target_path[0], "/" );
                }
        strcat( &g_target_path[0], &my_name[0] );
                
                /* try to create the test directory */
                err = mkdir( &g_target_path[0], (S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IROTH) );
                if ( err == 0 ) {
                        break;
                }
                err = errno;
                if ( EEXIST != err ) {
                        printf( "test directory creation failed - \"%s\" \n", &g_target_path[0] );
                        printf( "mkdir call failed with error %d - \"%s\" \n", errno, strerror( err) );
                        exit( 1 );
                }
        }
        printf( "created test directory at \"%s\" \n", &g_target_path[0] );
        
} /* create_target_directory */


static void mark_tests_to_run( long my_start, long my_end )
{
        int                     my_tests_count, i;

        my_tests_count = (sizeof( g_tests ) / sizeof( g_tests[0] ));
        my_end = (my_end < (my_tests_count - 1)) ? my_end : (my_tests_count - 1);
        for ( i = (my_start - 1); i < my_end; i++ ) {
                g_tests[ i ].test_run_it = 1;  /* run this test */
        }
        return;
} /* mark_tests_to_run */


static void usage( void )
{
        char *          my_ptr;
        
        /* skip past full path and just show the tool name */
        my_ptr = strrchr( g_cmd_namep, '/' );
        if ( my_ptr != NULL ) {
                my_ptr++;
        }
        
        printf( "\nUSAGE:  %s -target TARGET_PATH \n\n", (my_ptr != NULL) ? my_ptr : g_cmd_namep );
        printf( "\t -f[ailures] MAX_FAILS_ALLOWED   # number of test cases that may fail before we give up.  defaults to 0  \n" );
        printf( "\t -l[ist]                         # list all the tests this tool performs   \n" );
        printf( "\t -r[un] 1, 3, 10 - 19            # run specific tests.  enter individual test numbers and/or range of numbers.  use -list to list tests.   \n" );
        printf( "\t -s[kip]                         # skip setuid tests   \n" );
        printf( "\t -t[arget] TARGET_PATH           # path to directory where tool will create test files.  defaults to \"/tmp/\"   \n" );
#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED 
        printf( "\t -x[ilog]                        # use XILog\n");
#endif
        printf( "\nexamples:  \n" );
        printf( "--- Place all test files and directories at the root of volume \"test_vol\" --- \n" );
        printf( "%s -t /Volumes/test_vol/ \n", (my_ptr != NULL) ? my_ptr : g_cmd_namep );
        printf( " \n" );
        printf( "--- Run the tool for tests 10 thru 15, test 18 and test 20 --- \n" );
        printf( "%s -r 10-15, 18, 20 \n", (my_ptr != NULL) ? my_ptr : g_cmd_namep );
        printf( " \n" );
        exit( 1 );

} /* usage */

#if !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
/* This is a private API between Libinfo, Libc, and the DirectoryService daemon.
 * Since we are trying to determine if an external provider will back group
 * lookups, we can use this, without relying on additional APIs or tools
 * that might not work yet */
extern int _ds_running(void);

#define NUM_GROUPS      6
static int
setgroups_if_single_user(void)
{
        int i, retval = -1;
        struct group *grp;
        gid_t gids[NUM_GROUPS];

        if (!_ds_running()) {
                printf("In single-user mode.\n");
                g_is_single_user = 1;           

                /* We skip 'nobody' and 'anyone' */
                getgrent();
                getgrent();
                for (i = 0; i < NUM_GROUPS; i++) {
                        grp = getgrent();
                        if (!grp) {
                                break;
                        }

                        gids[i] = grp->gr_gid;
                }
                
                endgrent();
                
                /* Only succeed if we find at least NUM_GROUPS */
                if (i == NUM_GROUPS) {
                        retval = setgroups(NUM_GROUPS, gids);
                        if (retval == 0) { 
                                getgroups(NUM_GROUPS, gids);
                                printf("After single-user hack, groups are: ");
                                for (i = 0; i < NUM_GROUPS; i++) {
                                        printf("%d, ", gids[i]);
                                }
                                putchar('\n');
                        } else {
                                printf("Setgroups failed.\n");
                        }
                } else {
                        printf("Couldn't get sufficient number of groups.\n");
                }
        } else {
                printf("Not in single user mode.\n");
                retval = 0;
        }


        return retval;
}
#endif

static const char *current_arch( void )
{
        cpu_type_t cputype = _mh_execute_header.cputype;
        cpu_subtype_t cpusubtype = _mh_execute_header.cpusubtype;

        const NXArchInfo *arch = NXGetArchInfoFromCpuType(cputype, cpusubtype);

        if (arch) {
                return arch->name;
        } else {
                return "<unknown>";
        }
}

#undef printf   /* this makes the "-l" output easier to read */
static void list_all_tests( void )
{
        int             i, my_tests_count;
        
        my_tests_count = (sizeof( g_tests ) / sizeof( g_tests[0] ));
        printf( "\nList of all tests this tool performs... \n" );

        for ( i = 0; i < (my_tests_count - 1); i++ ) {
                printf( " %d \t   %s \n", (i + 1), g_tests[ i ].test_infop );
        }
        
        return;
} /* list_all_tests */