osfmk/kern/startup.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2000-2009 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
   3  *
   4  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
   5  *
   6  * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
   7  * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
   8  * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
   9  * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
  10  * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
  11  * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
  12  * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
  13  * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
  14  *
  15  * Please obtain a copy of the License at
  16  * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
  17  *
  18  * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
  19  * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
  20  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
  21  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  22  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
  23  * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
  24  * limitations under the License.
  25  *
  26  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
  27  */
  28 /*
  29  * @OSF_COPYRIGHT@
  30  */
  31 /*
  32  * Mach Operating System
  33  * Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989,1988 Carnegie Mellon University
  34  * All Rights Reserved.
  35  *
  36  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
  37  * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
  38  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
  39  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
  40  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
  41  *
  42  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
  43  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
  44  * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  45  *
  46  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
  47  *
  48  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
  49  *  School of Computer Science
  50  *  Carnegie Mellon University
  51  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
  52  *
  53  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
  54  * the rights to redistribute these changes.
  55  */
  56 /*
  57  * NOTICE: This file was modified by McAfee Research in 2004 to introduce
  58  * support for mandatory and extensible security protections.  This notice
  59  * is included in support of clause 2.2 (b) of the Apple Public License,
  60  * Version 2.0.
  61  */
  62 /*
  63  */
  64
  65 /*
  66  *      Mach kernel startup.
  67  */
  68
  69 #include <debug.h>
  70 #include <xpr_debug.h>
  71 #include <mach_kdp.h>
  72 #include <norma_vm.h>
  73
  74 #include <mach/boolean.h>
  75 #include <mach/machine.h>
  76 #include <mach/thread_act.h>
  77 #include <mach/task_special_ports.h>
  78 #include <mach/vm_param.h>
  79 #include <ipc/ipc_init.h>
  80 #include <kern/assert.h>
  81 #include <kern/mach_param.h>
  82 #include <kern/misc_protos.h>
  83 #include <kern/clock.h>
  84 #include <kern/cpu_number.h>
  85 #include <kern/ledger.h>
  86 #include <kern/machine.h>
  87 #include <kern/processor.h>
  88 #include <kern/sched_prim.h>
  89 #include <kern/startup.h>
  90 #include <kern/task.h>
  91 #include <kern/thread.h>
  92 #include <kern/timer.h>
  93 #include <kern/wait_queue.h>
  94 #include <kern/xpr.h>
  95 #include <kern/zalloc.h>
  96 #include <kern/locks.h>
  97 #include <console/serial_protos.h>
  98 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
  99 #include <vm/vm_init.h>
 100 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
 101 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
 102 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
 103 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
 104 #include <vm/vm_shared_region.h>
 105 #include <machine/pmap.h>
 106 #include <machine/commpage.h>
 107 #include <libkern/version.h>
 108 #include <sys/kdebug.h>
 109
 110 #if MACH_KDP
 111 #include <kdp/kdp.h>
 112 #endif
 113
 114 #if CONFIG_MACF
 115 #include <security/mac_mach_internal.h>
 116 #endif
 117
 118 #if CONFIG_COUNTERS
 119 #include <pmc/pmc.h>
 120 #endif
 121
 122 static void             kernel_bootstrap_thread(void);
 123
 124 static void             load_context(
 125                                         thread_t        thread);
 126 #if (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)) && NCOPY_WINDOWS > 0
 127 extern void cpu_userwindow_init(int);
 128 extern void cpu_physwindow_init(int);
 129 #endif
 130
 131 // libkern/OSKextLib.cpp
 132 extern void     OSKextRemoveKextBootstrap(void);
 133
 134 void scale_setup(void);
 135 extern void bsd_scale_setup(int);
 136 extern unsigned int semaphore_max;
 137
 138 /*
 139  *      Running in virtual memory, on the interrupt stack.
 140  */
 141
 142 extern int serverperfmode;
 143
 144 /* size of kernel trace buffer, disabled by default */
 145 unsigned int new_nkdbufs = 0;
 146
 147 /* mach leak logging */
 148 int log_leaks = 0;
 149 int turn_on_log_leaks = 0;
 150
 151
 152 void
 153 kernel_early_bootstrap(void)
 154 {
 155
 156         lck_mod_init();
 157
 158         /*
 159          * Initialize the timer callout world
 160          */
 161         timer_call_initialize();
 162 }
 163
 164
 165 void
 166 kernel_bootstrap(void)
 167 {
 168         kern_return_t   result;
 169         thread_t        thread;
 170         char            namep[16];
 171
 172         printf("%s\n", version); /* log kernel version */
 173
 174 #define kernel_bootstrap_kprintf(x...) /* kprintf("kernel_bootstrap: " x) */
 175
 176         if (PE_parse_boot_argn("-l", namep, sizeof (namep))) /* leaks logging */
 177                 turn_on_log_leaks = 1;
 178
 179         PE_parse_boot_argn("trace", &new_nkdbufs, sizeof (new_nkdbufs));
 180
 181         /* i386_vm_init already checks for this ; do it aagin anyway */
 182         if (PE_parse_boot_argn("serverperfmode", &serverperfmode, sizeof (serverperfmode))) {
 183                 serverperfmode = 1;
 184         }
 185         scale_setup();
 186
 187         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling vm_mem_bootstrap\n");
 188         vm_mem_bootstrap();
 189
 190         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling vm_mem_init\n");
 191         vm_mem_init();
 192
 193         machine_info.memory_size = (uint32_t)mem_size;
 194         machine_info.max_mem = max_mem;
 195         machine_info.major_version = version_major;
 196         machine_info.minor_version = version_minor;
 197
 198         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling sched_init\n");
 199         sched_init();
 200
 201         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling wait_queue_bootstrap\n");
 202         wait_queue_bootstrap();
 203
 204         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling ipc_bootstrap\n");
 205         ipc_bootstrap();
 206
 207 #if CONFIG_MACF
 208         mac_policy_init();
 209 #endif
 210         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling ipc_init\n");
 211         ipc_init();
 212
 213         /*
 214          * As soon as the virtual memory system is up, we record
 215          * that this CPU is using the kernel pmap.
 216          */
 217         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling PMAP_ACTIVATE_KERNEL\n");
 218         PMAP_ACTIVATE_KERNEL(master_cpu);
 219
 220         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling mapping_free_prime\n");
 221         mapping_free_prime();                                           /* Load up with temporary mapping blocks */
 222
 223         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling machine_init\n");
 224         machine_init();
 225
 226         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling clock_init\n");
 227         clock_init();
 228
 229
 230         /*
 231          *      Initialize the IPC, task, and thread subsystems.
 232          */
 233         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling ledger_init\n");
 234         ledger_init();
 235
 236         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling task_init\n");
 237         task_init();
 238
 239         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling thread_init\n");
 240         thread_init();
 241
 242         /*
 243          *      Create a kernel thread to execute the kernel bootstrap.
 244          */
 245         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling kernel_thread_create\n");
 246         result = kernel_thread_create((thread_continue_t)kernel_bootstrap_thread, NULL, MAXPRI_KERNEL, &thread);
 247
 248         if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) panic("kernel_bootstrap: result = %08X\n", result);
 249
 250         thread->state = TH_RUN;
 251         thread_deallocate(thread);
 252
 253         /* transfer statistics from init thread to kernel */
 254         thread_t init_thread = current_thread();
 255         kernel_task->tkm_private.alloc = init_thread->tkm_private.alloc;
 256         kernel_task->tkm_private.free = init_thread->tkm_private.free;
 257         kernel_task->tkm_shared.alloc = init_thread->tkm_shared.alloc;
 258         kernel_task->tkm_shared.free = init_thread->tkm_shared.free;
 259
 260         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling load_context - done\n");
 261         load_context(thread);
 262         /*NOTREACHED*/
 263 }
 264
 265 int kth_started = 0;
 266
 267 /*
 268  * Now running in a thread.  Kick off other services,
 269  * invoke user bootstrap, enter pageout loop.
 270  */
 271 static void
 272 kernel_bootstrap_thread(void)
 273 {
 274         processor_t             processor = current_processor();
 275
 276 #define kernel_bootstrap_thread_kprintf(x...) /* kprintf("kernel_bootstrap_thread: " x) */
 277         kernel_bootstrap_thread_kprintf("calling idle_thread_create\n");
 278         /*
 279          * Create the idle processor thread.
 280          */
 281         idle_thread_create(processor);
 282
 283         /*
 284          * N.B. Do not stick anything else
 285          * before this point.
 286          *
 287          * Start up the scheduler services.
 288          */
 289         kernel_bootstrap_thread_kprintf("calling sched_startup\n");
 290         sched_startup();
 291
 292         /*
 293          * Thread lifecycle maintenance (teardown, stack allocation)
 294          */
 295         kernel_bootstrap_thread_kprintf("calling thread_daemon_init\n");
 296         thread_daemon_init();
 297
 298         /*
 299          * Thread callout service.
 300          */
 301         kernel_bootstrap_thread_kprintf("calling thread_call_initialize\n");
 302         thread_call_initialize();
 303
 304         /*
 305          * Remain on current processor as
 306          * additional processors come online.
 307          */
 308         kernel_bootstrap_thread_kprintf("calling thread_bind\n");
 309         thread_bind(processor);
 310
 311         /*
 312          * Kick off memory mapping adjustments.
 313          */
 314         kernel_bootstrap_thread_kprintf("calling mapping_adjust\n");
 315         mapping_adjust();
 316
 317         /*
 318          *      Create the clock service.
 319          */
 320         kernel_bootstrap_thread_kprintf("calling clock_service_create\n");
 321         clock_service_create();
 322
 323         /*
 324          *      Create the device service.
 325          */
 326         device_service_create();
 327
 328         kth_started = 1;
 329
 330 #if MACH_KDP
 331         kernel_bootstrap_kprintf("calling kdp_init\n");
 332         kdp_init();
 333 #endif
 334
 335 #if (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)) && NCOPY_WINDOWS > 0
 336         /*
 337          * Create and initialize the physical copy window for processor 0
 338          * This is required before starting kicking off  IOKit.
 339          */
 340         cpu_physwindow_init(0);
 341 #endif
 342
 343 #if CONFIG_COUNTERS
 344         pmc_bootstrap();
 345 #endif
 346
 347 #if (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
 348         if (turn_on_log_leaks && !new_nkdbufs)
 349                 new_nkdbufs = 200000;
 350         start_kern_tracing(new_nkdbufs);
 351         if (turn_on_log_leaks)
 352                 log_leaks = 1;
 353 #endif
 354
 355 #ifdef  IOKIT
 356         PE_init_iokit();
 357 #endif
 358
 359         (void) spllo();         /* Allow interruptions */
 360
 361 #if (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)) && NCOPY_WINDOWS > 0
 362         /*
 363          * Create and initialize the copy window for processor 0
 364          * This also allocates window space for all other processors.
 365          * However, this is dependent on the number of processors - so this call
 366          * must be after IOKit has been started because IOKit performs processor
 367          * discovery.
 368          */
 369         cpu_userwindow_init(0);
 370 #endif
 371
 372 #if (!defined(__i386__) && !defined(__x86_64__))
 373         if (turn_on_log_leaks && !new_nkdbufs)
 374                 new_nkdbufs = 200000;
 375         start_kern_tracing(new_nkdbufs);
 376         if (turn_on_log_leaks)
 377                 log_leaks = 1;
 378 #endif
 379
 380         /*
 381          *      Initialize the shared region module.
 382          */
 383         vm_shared_region_init();
 384         vm_commpage_init();
 385
 386 #if CONFIG_MACF
 387         mac_policy_initmach();
 388 #endif
 389
 390         /*
 391          *      Start the user bootstrap.
 392          */
 393 #ifdef  MACH_BSD
 394         bsd_init();
 395 #endif
 396
 397     /*
 398      * Get rid of segments used to bootstrap kext loading. This removes
 399      * the KLD, PRELINK symtab, LINKEDIT, and symtab segments/load commands.
 400      */
 401         OSKextRemoveKextBootstrap();
 402
 403         serial_keyboard_init();         /* Start serial keyboard if wanted */
 404
 405         vm_page_init_local_q();
 406
 407         thread_bind(PROCESSOR_NULL);
 408
 409         /*
 410          *      Become the pageout daemon.
 411          */
 412         vm_pageout();
 413         /*NOTREACHED*/
 414 }
 415
 416 /*
 417  *      slave_main:
 418  *
 419  *      Load the first thread to start a processor.
 420  */
 421 void
 422 slave_main(void *machine_param)
 423 {
 424         processor_t             processor = current_processor();
 425         thread_t                thread;
 426
 427         /*
 428          *      Use the idle processor thread if there
 429          *      is no dedicated start up thread.
 430          */
 431         if (processor->next_thread == THREAD_NULL) {
 432                 thread = processor->idle_thread;
 433                 thread->continuation = (thread_continue_t)processor_start_thread;
 434                 thread->parameter = machine_param;
 435         }
 436         else {
 437                 thread = processor->next_thread;
 438                 processor->next_thread = THREAD_NULL;
 439         }
 440
 441         load_context(thread);
 442         /*NOTREACHED*/
 443 }
 444
 445 /*
 446  *      processor_start_thread:
 447  *
 448  *      First thread to execute on a started processor.
 449  *
 450  *      Called at splsched.
 451  */
 452 void
 453 processor_start_thread(void *machine_param)
 454 {
 455         processor_t             processor = current_processor();
 456         thread_t                self = current_thread();
 457
 458         slave_machine_init(machine_param);
 459
 460         /*
 461          *      If running the idle processor thread,
 462          *      reenter the idle loop, else terminate.
 463          */
 464         if (self == processor->idle_thread)
 465                 thread_block((thread_continue_t)idle_thread);
 466
 467         thread_terminate(self);
 468         /*NOTREACHED*/
 469 }
 470
 471 /*
 472  *      load_context:
 473  *
 474  *      Start the first thread on a processor.
 475  */
 476 static void
 477 load_context(
 478         thread_t                thread)
 479 {
 480         processor_t             processor = current_processor();
 481
 482
 483 #define load_context_kprintf(x...) /* kprintf("load_context: " x) */
 484
 485         load_context_kprintf("calling machine_set_current_thread\n");
 486         machine_set_current_thread(thread);
 487
 488         load_context_kprintf("calling processor_up\n");
 489         processor_up(processor);
 490
 491         PMAP_ACTIVATE_KERNEL(processor->cpu_id);
 492
 493         /*
 494          * Acquire a stack if none attached.  The panic
 495          * should never occur since the thread is expected
 496          * to have reserved stack.
 497          */
 498         load_context_kprintf("stack %x, stackptr %x\n",
 499                              thread->kernel_stack, thread->machine.kstackptr);
 500         if (!thread->kernel_stack) {
 501                 load_context_kprintf("calling stack_alloc_try\n");
 502                 if (!stack_alloc_try(thread))
 503                         panic("load_context");
 504         }
 505
 506         /*
 507          * The idle processor threads are not counted as
 508          * running for load calculations.
 509          */
 510         if (!(thread->state & TH_IDLE))
 511                 sched_run_incr();
 512
 513         processor->active_thread = thread;
 514         processor->current_pri = thread->sched_pri;
 515         processor->current_thmode = thread->sched_mode;
 516         processor->deadline = UINT64_MAX;
 517         thread->last_processor = processor;
 518
 519         processor->last_dispatch = mach_absolute_time();
 520         timer_start(&thread->system_timer, processor->last_dispatch);
 521         PROCESSOR_DATA(processor, thread_timer) = PROCESSOR_DATA(processor, kernel_timer) = &thread->system_timer;
 522
 523         timer_start(&PROCESSOR_DATA(processor, system_state), processor->last_dispatch);
 524         PROCESSOR_DATA(processor, current_state) = &PROCESSOR_DATA(processor, system_state);
 525
 526         PMAP_ACTIVATE_USER(thread, processor->cpu_id);
 527
 528         load_context_kprintf("calling machine_load_context\n");
 529         machine_load_context(thread);
 530         /*NOTREACHED*/
 531 }
 532
 533 void
 534 scale_setup()
 535 {
 536         int scale = 0;
 537 #if defined(__LP64__)
 538         typeof(task_max) task_max_base = task_max;
 539
 540         /* Raise limits for servers with >= 16G */
 541         if ((serverperfmode != 0) && ((uint64_t)sane_size >= (uint64_t)(16 * 1024 * 1024 *1024ULL))) {
 542                 scale = (int)((uint64_t)sane_size / (uint64_t)(8 * 1024 * 1024 *1024ULL));
 543                 /* limit to 128 G */
 544                 if (scale > 16)
 545                         scale = 16;
 546                 task_max_base = 2500;
 547         } else if ((uint64_t)sane_size >= (uint64_t)(3 * 1024 * 1024 *1024ULL))
 548                 scale = 2;
 549
 550         task_max = MAX(task_max, task_max_base * scale);
 551
 552         if (scale != 0) {
 553                 task_threadmax = task_max;
 554                 thread_max = task_max * 5;
 555         }
 556
 557 #endif
 558
 559         bsd_scale_setup(scale);
 560
 561         ipc_space_max = SPACE_MAX;
 562         ipc_tree_entry_max = ITE_MAX;
 563         ipc_port_max = PORT_MAX;
 564         ipc_pset_max = SET_MAX;
 565         semaphore_max = SEMAPHORE_MAX;
 566 }
 567