2 * Copyright (c) 2000-2004 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
4 * @APPLE_LICENSE_OSREFERENCE_HEADER_START@
6 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
7 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
8 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
9 * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the
10 * License may not be used to create, or enable the creation or
11 * redistribution of, unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating
12 * system, or to circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or
13 * violation of, any terms of an Apple operating system software license
16 * Please obtain a copy of the License at
17 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this
20 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
21 * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
22 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
23 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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25 * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
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31 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
32 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
33 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
34 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
35 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
36 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
37 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
39 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
40 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
42 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
43 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
44 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
45 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
46 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
47 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
48 * must display the following acknowledgement:
49 * This product includes software developed by the University of
50 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
51 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
52 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
53 * without specific prior written permission.
55 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
56 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
57 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
58 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
59 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
60 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
61 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
62 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
63 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
64 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
67 * @(#)init_main.c 8.16 (Berkeley) 5/14/95
72 * Mach Operating System
73 * Copyright (c) 1987 Carnegie-Mellon University
74 * All rights reserved. The CMU software License Agreement specifies
75 * the terms and conditions for use and redistribution.
78 #include <sys/param.h>
79 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
80 #include <sys/kernel.h>
81 #include <sys/mount_internal.h>
82 #include <sys/proc_internal.h>
83 #include <sys/kauth.h>
84 #include <sys/systm.h>
85 #include <sys/vnode_internal.h>
87 #include <sys/buf_internal.h>
88 #include <sys/clist.h>
91 #include <sys/systm.h>
94 #include <bsm/audit_kernel.h>
96 #include <sys/malloc.h>
97 #include <sys/dkstat.h>
99 #include <kern/startup.h>
100 #include <kern/thread.h>
101 #include <kern/task.h>
102 #include <kern/ast.h>
104 #include <mach/vm_param.h>
106 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
107 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
109 #include <sys/ux_exception.h> /* for ux_exception_port */
111 #include <sys/reboot.h>
112 #include <mach/exception_types.h>
113 #include <dev/busvar.h> /* for pseudo_inits */
114 #include <sys/kdebug.h>
116 #include <mach/mach_types.h>
117 #include <mach/vm_prot.h>
118 #include <mach/semaphore.h>
119 #include <mach/sync_policy.h>
120 #include <kern/clock.h>
121 #include <mach/kern_return.h>
123 #include <mach/shared_memory_server.h>
124 #include <vm/vm_shared_memory_server.h>
126 #include <net/init.h>
128 #include <machine/exec.h>
130 extern int app_profile
; /* on/off switch for pre-heat cache */
133 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\t"
134 "The Regents of the University of California. "
135 "All rights reserved.\n\n";
137 extern void ux_handler();
139 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
141 struct session session0
;
143 struct filedesc filedesc0
;
144 struct plimit limit0
;
145 struct pstats pstats0
;
146 struct sigacts sigacts0
;
147 struct proc
*kernproc
, *initproc
;
155 /* Global variables to make pstat happy. We do swapping differently */
159 struct swdevt swdevt
[1];
161 dev_t rootdev
; /* device of the root */
162 dev_t dumpdev
; /* device to take dumps on */
163 long dumplo
; /* offset into dumpdev */
165 char hostname
[MAXHOSTNAMELEN
];
167 char domainname
[MAXDOMNAMELEN
];
170 struct exec_archhandler exec_archhandler_ppc
= {
171 .path
= "/usr/libexec/oah/translate",
174 struct exec_archhandler exec_archhandler_ppc
;
175 #endif /* __i386__ */
177 char rootdevice
[16]; /* hfs device names have at least 9 chars */
180 struct kmemstats kmemstats
[M_LAST
];
183 int lbolt
; /* awoken once a second */
184 struct vnode
*rootvp
;
185 int boothowto
= RB_DEBUG
;
187 #define BSD_PAGABLE_MAP_SIZE (16 * 512 * 1024)
188 vm_map_t bsd_pageable_map
;
190 semaphore_t execve_semaphore
;
193 extern int customnbuf
;
195 int parse_bsd_args(void);
196 extern int bsd_hardclockinit
;
197 extern task_t bsd_init_task
;
198 extern char init_task_failure_data
[];
199 extern void time_zone_slock_init(void);
200 static void process_name(char *, struct proc
*);
202 static void setconf(void);
204 funnel_t
*kernel_flock
;
206 extern void sysv_shm_lock_init(void);
207 extern void sysv_sem_lock_init(void);
208 extern void sysv_msg_lock_init(void);
209 extern void pshm_lock_init();
210 extern void psem_lock_init();
211 extern int maxprocperuid
;
213 /* kmem access not enabled by default; can be changed with boot-args */
216 extern void stackshot_lock_init();
219 * Initialization code.
220 * Called from cold start routine as
221 * soon as a stack and segmentation
222 * have been established.
225 * hand craft 0th process
226 * call all initialization routines
227 * hand craft 1st user process
231 * Sets the name for the given task.
238 int length
= strlen(s
);
241 length
>= sizeof(p
->p_comm
) ? sizeof(p
->p_comm
) :
245 /* To allow these values to be patched, they're globals here */
246 #include <machine/vmparam.h>
247 struct rlimit vm_initial_limit_stack
= { DFLSSIZ
, MAXSSIZ
};
248 struct rlimit vm_initial_limit_data
= { DFLDSIZ
, MAXDSIZ
};
249 struct rlimit vm_initial_limit_core
= { DFLCSIZ
, MAXCSIZ
};
251 extern thread_t
cloneproc(struct proc
*, int);
252 extern int (*mountroot
)(void);
253 extern int netboot_mountroot(); /* netboot.c */
254 extern int netboot_setup(struct proc
* p
);
256 lck_grp_t
* proc_lck_grp
;
257 lck_grp_attr_t
* proc_lck_grp_attr
;
258 lck_attr_t
* proc_lck_attr
;
260 /* hook called after root is mounted XXX temporary hack */
261 void (*mountroot_post_hook
)(void);
264 * This function is called very early on in the Mach startup, from the
265 * function start_kernel_threads() in osfmk/kern/startup.c. It's called
266 * in the context of the current (startup) task using a call to the
267 * function kernel_thread_create() to jump into start_kernel_threads().
268 * Internally, kernel_thread_create() calls thread_create_internal(),
269 * which calls uthread_alloc(). The function of uthread_alloc() is
270 * normally to allocate a uthread structure, and fill out the uu_sigmask,
271 * uu_act, and uu_ucred fields. It skips filling these out in the case
272 * of the "task" being "kernel_task", because the order of operation is
273 * inverted. To account for that, we need to manually fill in at least
274 * the uu_cred field so that the uthread structure can be used like any
280 register struct proc
*p
;
282 extern kauth_cred_t rootcred
;
287 struct vfs_context context
;
288 void lightning_bolt(void );
290 boolean_t funnel_state
;
291 struct ucred temp_cred
;
292 extern void file_lock_init(void);
294 kernel_flock
= funnel_alloc(KERNEL_FUNNEL
);
295 if (kernel_flock
== (funnel_t
*)0 ) {
296 panic("bsd_init: Failed to allocate kernel funnel");
299 funnel_state
= thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, TRUE
);
307 /* Initialize the uthread zone */
308 //uthread_zone_init(); /* XXX redundant: previous uthread_alloc() */
310 /* Initialize kauth subsystem before instancing the first credential */
313 /* Initialize process and pgrp structures. */
320 /* kernel_task->proc = kernproc; */
321 set_bsdtask_info(kernel_task
,(void *)p
);
324 /* give kernproc a name */
325 process_name("kernel_task", p
);
327 /* allocate proc lock group attribute and group */
328 proc_lck_grp_attr
= lck_grp_attr_alloc_init();
330 proc_lck_grp
= lck_grp_alloc_init("proc", proc_lck_grp_attr
);
332 /* Allocate proc lock attribute */
333 proc_lck_attr
= lck_attr_alloc_init();
335 lck_mtx_init(&p
->p_mlock
, proc_lck_grp
, proc_lck_attr
);
336 lck_mtx_init(&p
->p_fdmlock
, proc_lck_grp
, proc_lck_attr
);
338 if (current_task() != kernel_task
)
339 printf("bsd_init: We have a problem, "
340 "current task is not kernel task\n");
342 ut
= (uthread_t
)get_bsdthread_info(current_thread());
347 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc
, p
, p_list
);
349 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0
, pg_hash
);
350 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0
.pg_members
);
351 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0
.pg_members
, p
, p_pglist
);
353 pgrp0
.pg_session
= &session0
;
354 session0
.s_count
= 1;
355 session0
.s_leader
= p
;
357 p
->task
= kernel_task
;
360 p
->p_flag
= P_SYSTEM
;
363 lockinit(&p
->signal_lock
, PVM
, "signal", 0, 0);
364 TAILQ_INIT(&p
->p_uthlist
);
366 p
->sigwait_thread
= THREAD_NULL
;
367 p
->exit_thread
= THREAD_NULL
;
370 * Create credential. This also Initializes the audit information.
371 * XXX It is not clear what the initial values should be for audit ID,
372 * XXX session ID, etc..
374 bzero(&temp_cred
, sizeof(temp_cred
));
375 temp_cred
.cr_ngroups
= 1;
377 p
->p_ucred
= kauth_cred_create(&temp_cred
);
379 /* give the (already exisiting) initial thread a reference on it */
380 kauth_cred_ref(p
->p_ucred
);
381 ut
->uu_ucred
= p
->p_ucred
;
383 TAILQ_INIT(&p
->aio_activeq
);
384 TAILQ_INIT(&p
->aio_doneq
);
385 p
->aio_active_count
= 0;
386 p
->aio_done_count
= 0;
390 /* Create the file descriptor table. */
391 filedesc0
.fd_refcnt
= 1+1; /* +1 so shutdown will not _FREE_ZONE */
392 p
->p_fd
= &filedesc0
;
393 filedesc0
.fd_cmask
= cmask
;
394 filedesc0
.fd_knlistsize
= -1;
395 filedesc0
.fd_knlist
= NULL
;
396 filedesc0
.fd_knhash
= NULL
;
397 filedesc0
.fd_knhashmask
= 0;
399 /* Create the limits structures. */
400 p
->p_limit
= &limit0
;
401 for (i
= 0; i
< sizeof(p
->p_rlimit
)/sizeof(p
->p_rlimit
[0]); i
++)
402 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[i
].rlim_cur
=
403 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[i
].rlim_max
= RLIM_INFINITY
;
404 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_NOFILE
].rlim_cur
= NOFILE
;
405 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_NPROC
].rlim_cur
= maxprocperuid
;
406 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_NPROC
].rlim_max
= maxproc
;
407 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_STACK
] = vm_initial_limit_stack
;
408 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_DATA
] = vm_initial_limit_data
;
409 limit0
.pl_rlimit
[RLIMIT_CORE
] = vm_initial_limit_core
;
412 p
->p_stats
= &pstats0
;
413 p
->p_sigacts
= &sigacts0
;
416 * Charge root for two processes: init and mach_init.
418 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1);
421 * Allocate a kernel submap for pageable memory
422 * for temporary copying (execve()).
427 ret
= kmem_suballoc(kernel_map
,
429 (vm_size_t
)BSD_PAGABLE_MAP_SIZE
,
433 if (ret
!= KERN_SUCCESS
)
434 panic("bsd_init: Failed to allocate bsd pageable map");
438 * Initialize buffers and hash links for buffers
440 * SIDE EFFECT: Starts a thread for bcleanbuf_thread(), so must
441 * happen after a credential has been associated with
446 /* Initialize the execve() semaphore */
447 ret
= semaphore_create(kernel_task
, &execve_semaphore
,
448 SYNC_POLICY_FIFO
, (BSD_PAGABLE_MAP_SIZE
/ NCARGS
));
449 if (ret
!= KERN_SUCCESS
)
450 panic("bsd_init: Failed to create execve semaphore");
453 * Initialize the calendar.
459 /* Initialize the file systems. */
462 /* Initialize mbuf's. */
466 * Initializes security event auditing.
467 * XXX: Should/could this occur later?
471 /* Initialize kqueues */
474 /* Initialize for async IO */
477 /* Initialize pipes */
480 /* Initialize SysV shm subsystem locks; the subsystem proper is
481 * initialized through a sysctl.
483 sysv_shm_lock_init();
484 sysv_sem_lock_init();
485 sysv_msg_lock_init();
489 /* POSIX Shm and Sem */
492 time_zone_slock_init();
494 /* Stack snapshot facility lock */
495 stackshot_lock_init();
497 * Initialize protocols. Block reception of incoming packets
498 * until everything is ready.
500 sysctl_register_fixed();
507 p
->p_fd
->fd_cdir
= NULL
;
508 p
->p_fd
->fd_rdir
= NULL
;
511 /* Initialize kernel profiling. */
515 /* kick off timeout driven events by calling first time */
516 thread_wakeup(&lbolt
);
517 timeout((void (*)(void *))lightning_bolt
, 0, hz
);
522 * We attach the loopback interface *way* down here to ensure
523 * it happens after autoconf(), otherwise it becomes the
524 * "primary" interface.
528 loopattach(); /* XXX */
531 /* Register the built-in dlil ethernet interface family */
534 /* Call any kext code that wants to run just after network init */
537 vnode_pager_bootstrap();
539 /* XXX Hack for early debug stop */
540 printf("\nabout to sleep for 10 seconds\n");
541 IOSleep( 10 * 1000 );
542 /* Debugger("hello"); */
547 /* Mount the root file system. */
552 bsd_hardclockinit
= -1; /* start ticking */
554 if (0 == (err
= vfs_mountroot()))
557 if (mountroot
== netboot_mountroot
) {
558 printf("cannot mount network root, errno = %d\n", err
);
560 if (0 == (err
= vfs_mountroot()))
564 printf("cannot mount root, errno = %d\n", err
);
565 boothowto
|= RB_ASKNAME
;
569 context
.vc_ucred
= p
->p_ucred
;
570 mountlist
.tqh_first
->mnt_flag
|= MNT_ROOTFS
;
572 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */
573 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist
.tqh_first
, &rootvnode
, &context
))
574 panic("bsd_init: cannot find root vnode");
575 rootvnode
->v_flag
|= VROOT
;
576 (void)vnode_ref(rootvnode
);
577 (void)vnode_put(rootvnode
);
578 filedesc0
.fd_cdir
= rootvnode
;
581 if (mountroot
== netboot_mountroot
) {
583 /* post mount setup */
584 if (err
= netboot_setup(p
)) {
585 panic("bsd_init: NetBoot could not find root, %d", err
);
591 microtime(&p
->p_stats
->p_start
);
592 p
->p_rtime
.tv_sec
= p
->p_rtime
.tv_usec
= 0;
596 extern void devfs_kernel_mount(char * str
);
598 devfs_kernel_mount("/dev");
602 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */
605 bsd_utaskbootstrap();
608 // this should be done after the root filesystem is mounted
609 error
= set_archhandler(p
, CPU_TYPE_POWERPC
);
611 exec_archhandler_ppc
.path
[0] = 0;
614 /* invoke post-root-mount hook */
615 if (mountroot_post_hook
!= NULL
)
616 mountroot_post_hook();
618 (void) thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, funnel_state
);
621 /* Called with kernel funnel held */
625 struct proc
*p
= current_proc();
629 shared_region_mapping_t system_region
;
631 process_name("init", p
);
635 th_act
= current_thread();
636 (void) host_set_exception_ports(host_priv_self(),
637 EXC_MASK_ALL
& ~(EXC_MASK_SYSCALL
|
638 EXC_MASK_MACH_SYSCALL
|
641 EXCEPTION_DEFAULT
, 0);
643 (void) task_set_exception_ports(get_threadtask(th_act
),
644 EXC_MASK_ALL
& ~(EXC_MASK_SYSCALL
|
645 EXC_MASK_MACH_SYSCALL
|
648 EXCEPTION_DEFAULT
, 0);
653 ut
= (uthread_t
)get_bsdthread_info(th_act
);
655 bsd_hardclockinit
= 1; /* Start bsd hardclock */
656 bsd_init_task
= get_threadtask(th_act
);
657 init_task_failure_data
[0] = 0;
658 system_region
= lookup_default_shared_region(ENV_DEFAULT_ROOT
, cpu_type());
659 if (system_region
== NULL
) {
660 shared_file_boot_time_init(ENV_DEFAULT_ROOT
, cpu_type());
662 vm_set_shared_region(get_threadtask(th_act
), system_region
);
664 load_init_program(p
);
665 /* turn on app-profiling i.e. pre-heating */
673 boolean_t funnel_state
;
674 extern void klogwakeup(void);
676 funnel_state
= thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, TRUE
);
678 thread_wakeup(&lbolt
);
679 timeout(lightning_bolt
,0,hz
);
682 (void) thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, FALSE
);
687 extern kern_return_t
IOKitBSDInit( void );
692 * Early startup for bsd pseudodevices.
695 struct pseudo_init
*pi
;
697 for (pi
= pseudo_inits
; pi
->ps_func
; pi
++)
698 (*pi
->ps_func
) (pi
->ps_count
);
701 return( IOKitBSDInit());
705 #include <sys/disklabel.h> /* for MAXPARTITIONS */
710 extern kern_return_t
IOFindBSDRoot( char * rootName
,
711 dev_t
* root
, u_int32_t
* flags
);
716 * calls into IOKit can generate networking registrations
717 * which needs to be under network funnel. Right thing to do
718 * here is to drop the funnel alltogether and regrab it afterwards
720 thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, FALSE
);
721 err
= IOFindBSDRoot( rootdevice
, &rootdev
, &flags
);
722 thread_funnel_set(kernel_flock
, TRUE
);
724 printf("setconf: IOFindBSDRoot returned an error (%d);"
725 "setting rootdevice to 'sd0a'.\n", err
); /* XXX DEBUG TEMP */
726 rootdev
= makedev( 6, 0 );
727 strcpy( rootdevice
, "sd0a" );
734 mountroot
= netboot_mountroot
;
737 /* otherwise have vfs determine root filesystem */
750 th_act
= cloneproc(kernproc
, 0);
752 /* Set the launch time for init */
753 microtime(&initproc
->p_stats
->p_start
);
755 ut
= (struct uthread
*)get_bsdthread_info(th_act
);
757 act_set_astbsd(th_act
);
758 (void) thread_resume(th_act
);
763 extern char init_args
[];
765 extern int boothowto
;
771 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-s", namep
)) {
772 boothowto
|= RB_SINGLE
;
773 len
= strlen(init_args
);
775 strcat(init_args
," -s");
777 strcat(init_args
,"-s");
780 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-b", namep
)) {
781 boothowto
|= RB_NOBOOTRC
;
782 len
= strlen(init_args
);
784 strcat(init_args
," -b");
786 strcat(init_args
,"-b");
789 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-F", namep
)) {
790 len
= strlen(init_args
);
792 strcat(init_args
," -F");
794 strcat(init_args
,"-F");
797 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-v", namep
)) {
798 len
= strlen(init_args
);
800 strcat(init_args
," -v");
802 strcat(init_args
,"-v");
805 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-x", namep
)) { /* safe boot */
806 len
= strlen(init_args
);
808 strcat(init_args
," -x");
810 strcat(init_args
,"-x");
813 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("-d", namep
)) {
814 len
= strlen(init_args
);
816 strcat(init_args
," -d");
818 strcat(init_args
,"-d");
821 PE_parse_boot_arg("srv", &srv
);
822 PE_parse_boot_arg("ncl", &ncl
);
823 if (PE_parse_boot_arg("nbuf", &max_nbuf_headers
))
825 PE_parse_boot_arg("kmem", &setup_kmem
);