[apple/xnu.git] / osfmk / kern / locks.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2016 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
 * 
 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
 * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
 * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
 * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
 * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
 * 
 * Please obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
 * 
 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
 * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
 * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
 * limitations under the License.
 * 
 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
 */
/*
 * @OSF_COPYRIGHT@
 */
/* 
 * Mach Operating System
 * Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989,1988,1987 Carnegie Mellon University
 * All Rights Reserved.
 * 
 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
 * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
 * 
 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
 * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
 * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 * 
 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
 * 
 *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
 *  School of Computer Science
 *  Carnegie Mellon University
 *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
 * 
 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
 * the rights to redistribute these changes.
 */

#define ATOMIC_PRIVATE 1
#define LOCK_PRIVATE 1

#include <mach_ldebug.h>
#include <debug.h>

#include <mach/kern_return.h>
#include <mach/mach_host_server.h>
#include <mach_debug/lockgroup_info.h>

#include <kern/locks.h>
#include <kern/misc_protos.h>
#include <kern/kalloc.h>
#include <kern/thread.h>
#include <kern/processor.h>
#include <kern/sched_prim.h>
#include <kern/debug.h>
#include <machine/atomic.h>
#include <machine/machine_cpu.h>
#include <string.h>


#include <sys/kdebug.h>

#if     CONFIG_DTRACE
/*
 * We need only enough declarations from the BSD-side to be able to
 * test if our probe is active, and to call __dtrace_probe().  Setting
 * NEED_DTRACE_DEFS gets a local copy of those definitions pulled in.
 */
#define NEED_DTRACE_DEFS
#include <../bsd/sys/lockstat.h>
#endif

#define LCK_MTX_SLEEP_CODE              0
#define LCK_MTX_SLEEP_DEADLINE_CODE     1
#define LCK_MTX_LCK_WAIT_CODE           2
#define LCK_MTX_UNLCK_WAKEUP_CODE       3

#if MACH_LDEBUG
#define ALIGN_TEST(p,t) do{if((uintptr_t)p&(sizeof(t)-1)) __builtin_trap();}while(0)
#else
#define ALIGN_TEST(p,t) do{}while(0)
#endif

/* Silence the volatile to _Atomic cast warning */
#define ATOMIC_CAST(t,p) ((_Atomic t*)(uintptr_t)(p))

/* Enforce program order of loads and stores. */
#define ordered_load(target, type) \
                __c11_atomic_load((_Atomic type *)(target), memory_order_relaxed)
#define ordered_store(target, type, value) \
                __c11_atomic_store((_Atomic type *)(target), value, memory_order_relaxed)

#define ordered_load_hw(lock)                   ordered_load(&(lock)->lock_data, uintptr_t)
#define ordered_store_hw(lock, value)   ordered_store(&(lock)->lock_data, uintptr_t, (value))

#define NOINLINE                __attribute__((noinline))


static queue_head_t     lck_grp_queue;
static unsigned int     lck_grp_cnt;

decl_lck_mtx_data(static,lck_grp_lock)
static lck_mtx_ext_t lck_grp_lock_ext;

lck_grp_attr_t  LockDefaultGroupAttr;
lck_grp_t               LockCompatGroup;
lck_attr_t              LockDefaultLckAttr;

#if CONFIG_DTRACE && __SMP__
#if defined (__x86_64__)
uint64_t dtrace_spin_threshold = 500; // 500ns
#elif defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm64__)
uint64_t dtrace_spin_threshold = LOCK_PANIC_TIMEOUT / 1000000; // 500ns
#endif
#endif

/*
 * Routine:     lck_mod_init
 */

void
lck_mod_init(
        void)
{
        /*
         * Obtain "lcks" options:this currently controls lock statistics
         */
        if (!PE_parse_boot_argn("lcks", &LcksOpts, sizeof (LcksOpts)))
                LcksOpts = 0;


#if (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG) && defined(__x86_64__)
        if (!PE_parse_boot_argn("-disable_mtx_chk", &LckDisablePreemptCheck, sizeof (LckDisablePreemptCheck)))
                LckDisablePreemptCheck = 0;
#endif /* (DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG) && defined(__x86_64__) */

        queue_init(&lck_grp_queue);
        
        /* 
         * Need to bootstrap the LockCompatGroup instead of calling lck_grp_init() here. This avoids
         * grabbing the lck_grp_lock before it is initialized.
         */
        
        bzero(&LockCompatGroup, sizeof(lck_grp_t));
        (void) strncpy(LockCompatGroup.lck_grp_name, "Compatibility APIs", LCK_GRP_MAX_NAME);
        
        if (LcksOpts & enaLkStat)
                LockCompatGroup.lck_grp_attr = LCK_GRP_ATTR_STAT;
    else
                LockCompatGroup.lck_grp_attr = LCK_ATTR_NONE;
        
        LockCompatGroup.lck_grp_refcnt = 1;
        
        enqueue_tail(&lck_grp_queue, (queue_entry_t)&LockCompatGroup);
        lck_grp_cnt = 1;
        
        lck_grp_attr_setdefault(&LockDefaultGroupAttr);
        lck_attr_setdefault(&LockDefaultLckAttr);
        
        lck_mtx_init_ext(&lck_grp_lock, &lck_grp_lock_ext, &LockCompatGroup, &LockDefaultLckAttr);
}

/*
 * Routine:     lck_grp_attr_alloc_init
 */

lck_grp_attr_t  *
lck_grp_attr_alloc_init(
        void)
{
        lck_grp_attr_t  *attr;

        if ((attr = (lck_grp_attr_t *)kalloc(sizeof(lck_grp_attr_t))) != 0)
                lck_grp_attr_setdefault(attr);

        return(attr);
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_grp_attr_setdefault
 */

void
lck_grp_attr_setdefault(
        lck_grp_attr_t  *attr)
{
        if (LcksOpts & enaLkStat)
                attr->grp_attr_val = LCK_GRP_ATTR_STAT;
        else
                attr->grp_attr_val = 0;
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_grp_attr_setstat
 */

void
lck_grp_attr_setstat(
        lck_grp_attr_t  *attr)
{
        (void)hw_atomic_or(&attr->grp_attr_val, LCK_GRP_ATTR_STAT);
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_grp_attr_free
 */

void
lck_grp_attr_free(
        lck_grp_attr_t  *attr)
{
        kfree(attr, sizeof(lck_grp_attr_t));
}


/*
 * Routine: lck_grp_alloc_init
 */

lck_grp_t *
lck_grp_alloc_init(
        const char*     grp_name,
        lck_grp_attr_t  *attr)
{
        lck_grp_t       *grp;

        if ((grp = (lck_grp_t *)kalloc(sizeof(lck_grp_t))) != 0)
                lck_grp_init(grp, grp_name, attr);

        return(grp);
}

/*
 * Routine: lck_grp_init
 */

void
lck_grp_init(lck_grp_t * grp, const char * grp_name, lck_grp_attr_t * attr)
{
        /* make sure locking infrastructure has been initialized */
        assert(lck_grp_cnt > 0);

        bzero((void *)grp, sizeof(lck_grp_t));

        (void)strlcpy(grp->lck_grp_name, grp_name, LCK_GRP_MAX_NAME);

        if (attr != LCK_GRP_ATTR_NULL)
                grp->lck_grp_attr = attr->grp_attr_val;
        else if (LcksOpts & enaLkStat)
                grp->lck_grp_attr = LCK_GRP_ATTR_STAT;
        else
                grp->lck_grp_attr = LCK_ATTR_NONE;

        grp->lck_grp_refcnt = 1;

        lck_mtx_lock(&lck_grp_lock);
        enqueue_tail(&lck_grp_queue, (queue_entry_t)grp);
        lck_grp_cnt++;
        lck_mtx_unlock(&lck_grp_lock);
}

/*
 * Routine:     lck_grp_free
 */

void
lck_grp_free(
        lck_grp_t       *grp)
{
        lck_mtx_lock(&lck_grp_lock);
        lck_grp_cnt--;
        (void)remque((queue_entry_t)grp);
        lck_mtx_unlock(&lck_grp_lock);
        lck_grp_deallocate(grp);
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_grp_reference
 */

void
lck_grp_reference(
        lck_grp_t       *grp)
{
        (void)hw_atomic_add(&grp->lck_grp_refcnt, 1);
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_grp_deallocate
 */

void
lck_grp_deallocate(
        lck_grp_t       *grp)
{
        if (hw_atomic_sub(&grp->lck_grp_refcnt, 1) == 0)
                kfree(grp, sizeof(lck_grp_t));
}

/*
 * Routine:     lck_grp_lckcnt_incr
 */

void
lck_grp_lckcnt_incr(
        lck_grp_t       *grp,
        lck_type_t      lck_type)
{
        unsigned int    *lckcnt;

        switch (lck_type) {
        case LCK_TYPE_SPIN:
                lckcnt = &grp->lck_grp_spincnt;
                break;
        case LCK_TYPE_MTX:
                lckcnt = &grp->lck_grp_mtxcnt;
                break;
        case LCK_TYPE_RW:
                lckcnt = &grp->lck_grp_rwcnt;
                break;
        default:
                return panic("lck_grp_lckcnt_incr(): invalid lock type: %d\n", lck_type);
        }

        (void)hw_atomic_add(lckcnt, 1);
}

/*
 * Routine:     lck_grp_lckcnt_decr
 */

void
lck_grp_lckcnt_decr(
        lck_grp_t       *grp,
        lck_type_t      lck_type)
{
        unsigned int    *lckcnt;
        int             updated;

        switch (lck_type) {
        case LCK_TYPE_SPIN:
                lckcnt = &grp->lck_grp_spincnt;
                break;
        case LCK_TYPE_MTX:
                lckcnt = &grp->lck_grp_mtxcnt;
                break;
        case LCK_TYPE_RW:
                lckcnt = &grp->lck_grp_rwcnt;
                break;
        default:
                panic("lck_grp_lckcnt_decr(): invalid lock type: %d\n", lck_type);
                return;
        }

        updated = (int)hw_atomic_sub(lckcnt, 1);
        assert(updated >= 0);
}

/*
 * Routine:     lck_attr_alloc_init
 */

lck_attr_t *
lck_attr_alloc_init(
        void)
{
        lck_attr_t      *attr;

        if ((attr = (lck_attr_t *)kalloc(sizeof(lck_attr_t))) != 0)
                lck_attr_setdefault(attr);

        return(attr);
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_attr_setdefault
 */

void
lck_attr_setdefault(
        lck_attr_t      *attr)
{
#if __arm__ || __arm64__
        /* <rdar://problem/4404579>: Using LCK_ATTR_DEBUG here causes panic at boot time for arm */
        attr->lck_attr_val =  LCK_ATTR_NONE;
#elif __i386__ || __x86_64__
#if     !DEBUG
        if (LcksOpts & enaLkDeb)
                attr->lck_attr_val =  LCK_ATTR_DEBUG;
        else
                attr->lck_attr_val =  LCK_ATTR_NONE;
#else
        attr->lck_attr_val =  LCK_ATTR_DEBUG;
#endif  /* !DEBUG */
#else
#error Unknown architecture.
#endif  /* __arm__ */
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_attr_setdebug
 */
void
lck_attr_setdebug(
        lck_attr_t      *attr)
{
        (void)hw_atomic_or(&attr->lck_attr_val, LCK_ATTR_DEBUG);
}

/*
 * Routine:     lck_attr_setdebug
 */
void
lck_attr_cleardebug(
        lck_attr_t      *attr)
{
        (void)hw_atomic_and(&attr->lck_attr_val, ~LCK_ATTR_DEBUG);
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_attr_rw_shared_priority
 */
void
lck_attr_rw_shared_priority(
        lck_attr_t      *attr)
{
        (void)hw_atomic_or(&attr->lck_attr_val, LCK_ATTR_RW_SHARED_PRIORITY);
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_attr_free
 */
void
lck_attr_free(
        lck_attr_t      *attr)
{
        kfree(attr, sizeof(lck_attr_t));
}

/*
 * Routine:     hw_lock_init
 *
 *      Initialize a hardware lock.
 */
void
hw_lock_init(hw_lock_t lock)
{
        ordered_store_hw(lock, 0);
}

/*
 *      Routine: hw_lock_lock_contended
 *
 *      Spin until lock is acquired or timeout expires.
 *      timeout is in mach_absolute_time ticks. Called with
 *      preemption disabled.
 */

#if     __SMP__
static unsigned int NOINLINE
hw_lock_lock_contended(hw_lock_t lock, uintptr_t data, uint64_t timeout, boolean_t do_panic)
{
        uint64_t        end = 0;
        uintptr_t       holder = lock->lock_data;
        int             i;

        if (timeout == 0)
                timeout = LOCK_PANIC_TIMEOUT;
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        uint64_t begin;
        boolean_t dtrace_enabled = lockstat_probemap[LS_LCK_SPIN_LOCK_SPIN] != 0;
        if (__improbable(dtrace_enabled))
                begin = mach_absolute_time();
#endif
        for ( ; ; ) {   
                for (i = 0; i < LOCK_SNOOP_SPINS; i++) {
                        cpu_pause();
#if (!__ARM_ENABLE_WFE_) || (LOCK_PRETEST)
                        holder = ordered_load_hw(lock);
                        if (holder != 0)
                                continue;
#endif
                        if (atomic_compare_exchange(&lock->lock_data, 0, data,
                            memory_order_acquire_smp, TRUE)) {
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
                                if (__improbable(dtrace_enabled)) {
                                        uint64_t spintime = mach_absolute_time() - begin;
                                        if (spintime > dtrace_spin_threshold)
                                                LOCKSTAT_RECORD2(LS_LCK_SPIN_LOCK_SPIN, lock, spintime, dtrace_spin_threshold);
                                }
#endif
                                return 1;
                        }
                }
                if (end == 0) {
                        end = ml_get_timebase() + timeout;
                }
                else if (ml_get_timebase() >= end)
                        break;
        }
        if (do_panic) {
                // Capture the actual time spent blocked, which may be higher than the timeout
                // if a misbehaving interrupt stole this thread's CPU time.
                panic("Spinlock timeout after %llu ticks, %p = %lx",
                        (ml_get_timebase() - end + timeout), lock, holder);
        }
        return 0;
}
#endif  // __SMP__

/*
 *      Routine: hw_lock_lock
 *
 *      Acquire lock, spinning until it becomes available,
 *      return with preemption disabled.
 */
void
hw_lock_lock(hw_lock_t lock)
{
        thread_t        thread;
        uintptr_t       state;

        thread = current_thread();
        disable_preemption_for_thread(thread);
        state = LCK_MTX_THREAD_TO_STATE(thread) | PLATFORM_LCK_ILOCK;
#if     __SMP__

#if     LOCK_PRETEST
        if (ordered_load_hw(lock))
                goto contended;
#endif  // LOCK_PRETEST
        if (atomic_compare_exchange(&lock->lock_data, 0, state,
                                        memory_order_acquire_smp, TRUE)) {
                goto end;
        }
#if     LOCK_PRETEST
contended:
#endif  // LOCK_PRETEST
        hw_lock_lock_contended(lock, state, 0, TRUE);
end:
#else   // __SMP__
        if (lock->lock_data)
                panic("Spinlock held %p", lock);
        lock->lock_data = state;
#endif  // __SMP__
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        LOCKSTAT_RECORD(LS_LCK_SPIN_LOCK_ACQUIRE, lock, 0);
#endif
        return;
}

/*
 *      Routine: hw_lock_to
 *
 *      Acquire lock, spinning until it becomes available or timeout.
 *      Timeout is in mach_absolute_time ticks, return with
 *      preemption disabled.
 */
unsigned int
hw_lock_to(hw_lock_t lock, uint64_t timeout)
{
        thread_t        thread;
        uintptr_t       state;
        unsigned int success = 0;

        thread = current_thread();
        disable_preemption_for_thread(thread);
        state = LCK_MTX_THREAD_TO_STATE(thread) | PLATFORM_LCK_ILOCK;
#if     __SMP__

#if     LOCK_PRETEST
        if (ordered_load_hw(lock))
                goto contended;
#endif  // LOCK_PRETEST
        if (atomic_compare_exchange(&lock->lock_data, 0, state,
                                        memory_order_acquire_smp, TRUE)) {
                success = 1;
                goto end;
        }
#if     LOCK_PRETEST
contended:
#endif  // LOCK_PRETEST
        success = hw_lock_lock_contended(lock, state, timeout, FALSE);
end:
#else   // __SMP__
        (void)timeout;
        if (ordered_load_hw(lock) == 0) {
                ordered_store_hw(lock, state);
                success = 1;
        }
#endif  // __SMP__
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        if (success)
                LOCKSTAT_RECORD(LS_LCK_SPIN_LOCK_ACQUIRE, lock, 0);
#endif
        return success;
}

/*
 *      Routine: hw_lock_try
 *
 *      returns with preemption disabled on success.
 */
unsigned int
hw_lock_try(hw_lock_t lock)
{
        thread_t        thread = current_thread();
        int             success = 0;
#if     LOCK_TRY_DISABLE_INT
        long            intmask;

        intmask = disable_interrupts();
#else
        disable_preemption_for_thread(thread);
#endif  // LOCK_TRY_DISABLE_INT

#if     __SMP__
#if     LOCK_PRETEST
        if (ordered_load_hw(lock))
                goto failed;
#endif  // LOCK_PRETEST
        success = atomic_compare_exchange(&lock->lock_data, 0, LCK_MTX_THREAD_TO_STATE(thread) | PLATFORM_LCK_ILOCK,
                                        memory_order_acquire_smp, FALSE);
#else
        if (lock->lock_data == 0) {
                lock->lock_data = LCK_MTX_THREAD_TO_STATE(thread) | PLATFORM_LCK_ILOCK;
                success = 1;
        }
#endif  // __SMP__

#if     LOCK_TRY_DISABLE_INT
        if (success)
                disable_preemption_for_thread(thread);
#if     LOCK_PRETEST
failed:
#endif  // LOCK_PRETEST
        restore_interrupts(intmask);
#else
#if     LOCK_PRETEST
failed:
#endif  // LOCK_PRETEST
        if (!success)
                enable_preemption();
#endif  // LOCK_TRY_DISABLE_INT
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        if (success)
                LOCKSTAT_RECORD(LS_LCK_SPIN_LOCK_ACQUIRE, lock, 0);
#endif
        return success;
}

/*
 *      Routine: hw_lock_unlock
 *
 *      Unconditionally release lock, release preemption level.
 */
void
hw_lock_unlock(hw_lock_t lock)
{
        __c11_atomic_store((_Atomic uintptr_t *)&lock->lock_data, 0, memory_order_release_smp);
#if __arm__ || __arm64__
        // ARM tests are only for open-source exclusion
        set_event();
#endif  // __arm__ || __arm64__
#if     CONFIG_DTRACE
        LOCKSTAT_RECORD(LS_LCK_SPIN_UNLOCK_RELEASE, lock, 0);
#endif /* CONFIG_DTRACE */
        enable_preemption();
}

/*
 *      Routine hw_lock_held, doesn't change preemption state.
 *      N.B.  Racy, of course.
 */
unsigned int
hw_lock_held(hw_lock_t lock)
{
        return (ordered_load_hw(lock) != 0);
}

/*
 * Routine:     lck_spin_sleep
 */
wait_result_t
lck_spin_sleep(
        lck_spin_t              *lck,
        lck_sleep_action_t      lck_sleep_action,
        event_t                 event,
        wait_interrupt_t        interruptible)
{
        wait_result_t   res;
 
        if ((lck_sleep_action & ~LCK_SLEEP_MASK) != 0)
                panic("Invalid lock sleep action %x\n", lck_sleep_action);

        res = assert_wait(event, interruptible);
        if (res == THREAD_WAITING) {
                lck_spin_unlock(lck);
                res = thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
                if (!(lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK))
                        lck_spin_lock(lck);
        }
        else
        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK)
                lck_spin_unlock(lck);

        return res;
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_spin_sleep_deadline
 */
wait_result_t
lck_spin_sleep_deadline(
        lck_spin_t              *lck,
        lck_sleep_action_t      lck_sleep_action,
        event_t                 event,
        wait_interrupt_t        interruptible,
        uint64_t                deadline)
{
        wait_result_t   res;

        if ((lck_sleep_action & ~LCK_SLEEP_MASK) != 0)
                panic("Invalid lock sleep action %x\n", lck_sleep_action);

        res = assert_wait_deadline(event, interruptible, deadline);
        if (res == THREAD_WAITING) {
                lck_spin_unlock(lck);
                res = thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
                if (!(lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK))
                        lck_spin_lock(lck);
        }
        else
        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK)
                lck_spin_unlock(lck);

        return res;
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_mtx_clear_promoted
 *
 * Handle clearing of TH_SFLAG_PROMOTED,
 * adjusting thread priority as needed.
 *
 * Called with thread lock held
 */
static void
lck_mtx_clear_promoted (
        thread_t                        thread,
        __kdebug_only uintptr_t         trace_lck)
{
        thread->sched_flags &= ~TH_SFLAG_PROMOTED;

        if (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_RW_PROMOTED) {
                /* Thread still has a RW lock promotion */
        } else if (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_DEPRESSED_MASK) {
                KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(
                        MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED,MACH_DEMOTE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
                                thread->sched_pri, DEPRESSPRI, 0, trace_lck, 0);
                set_sched_pri(thread, DEPRESSPRI);
        } else {
                if (thread->base_pri < thread->sched_pri) {
                        KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(
                                MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED,MACH_DEMOTE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
                                        thread->sched_pri, thread->base_pri, 0, trace_lck, 0);
                }
                thread_recompute_sched_pri(thread, FALSE);
        }
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_mtx_sleep
 */
wait_result_t
lck_mtx_sleep(
        lck_mtx_t               *lck,
        lck_sleep_action_t      lck_sleep_action,
        event_t                 event,
        wait_interrupt_t        interruptible)
{
        wait_result_t   res;
        thread_t                thread = current_thread();
 
        KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_LOCKS, LCK_MTX_SLEEP_CODE) | DBG_FUNC_START,
                     VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(lck), (int)lck_sleep_action, VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(event), (int)interruptible, 0);

        if ((lck_sleep_action & ~LCK_SLEEP_MASK) != 0)
                panic("Invalid lock sleep action %x\n", lck_sleep_action);

        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_PROMOTED_PRI) {
                /*
                 * We overload the RW lock promotion to give us a priority ceiling
                 * during the time that this thread is asleep, so that when it
                 * is re-awakened (and not yet contending on the mutex), it is
                 * runnable at a reasonably high priority.
                 */
                thread->rwlock_count++;
        }

        res = assert_wait(event, interruptible);
        if (res == THREAD_WAITING) {
                lck_mtx_unlock(lck);
                res = thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
                if (!(lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK)) {
                        if ((lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_SPIN))
                                lck_mtx_lock_spin(lck);
                        else if ((lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_SPIN_ALWAYS))
                                lck_mtx_lock_spin_always(lck);
                        else
                                lck_mtx_lock(lck);
                }
        }
        else
        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK)
                lck_mtx_unlock(lck);

        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_PROMOTED_PRI) {
                if ((thread->rwlock_count-- == 1 /* field now 0 */) && (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_RW_PROMOTED)) {
                        /* sched_flags checked without lock, but will be rechecked while clearing */
                        lck_rw_clear_promotion(thread);
                }
        }

        KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_LOCKS, LCK_MTX_SLEEP_CODE) | DBG_FUNC_END, (int)res, 0, 0, 0, 0);

        return res;
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_mtx_sleep_deadline
 */
wait_result_t
lck_mtx_sleep_deadline(
        lck_mtx_t               *lck,
        lck_sleep_action_t      lck_sleep_action,
        event_t                 event,
        wait_interrupt_t        interruptible,
        uint64_t                deadline)
{
        wait_result_t   res;
        thread_t                thread = current_thread();

        KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_LOCKS, LCK_MTX_SLEEP_DEADLINE_CODE) | DBG_FUNC_START,
                     VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(lck), (int)lck_sleep_action, VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(event), (int)interruptible, 0);

        if ((lck_sleep_action & ~LCK_SLEEP_MASK) != 0)
                panic("Invalid lock sleep action %x\n", lck_sleep_action);

        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_PROMOTED_PRI) {
                /*
                 * See lck_mtx_sleep().
                 */
                thread->rwlock_count++;
        }

        res = assert_wait_deadline(event, interruptible, deadline);
        if (res == THREAD_WAITING) {
                lck_mtx_unlock(lck);
                res = thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
                if (!(lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK)) {
                        if ((lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_SPIN))
                                lck_mtx_lock_spin(lck);
                        else
                                lck_mtx_lock(lck);
                }
        }
        else
        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK)
                lck_mtx_unlock(lck);

        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_PROMOTED_PRI) {
                if ((thread->rwlock_count-- == 1 /* field now 0 */) && (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_RW_PROMOTED)) {
                        /* sched_flags checked without lock, but will be rechecked while clearing */
                        lck_rw_clear_promotion(thread);
                }
        }

        KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_LOCKS, LCK_MTX_SLEEP_DEADLINE_CODE) | DBG_FUNC_END, (int)res, 0, 0, 0, 0);

        return res;
}

/*
 * Routine:     lck_mtx_lock_wait
 *
 * Invoked in order to wait on contention.
 *
 * Called with the interlock locked and
 * returns it unlocked.
 */
void
lck_mtx_lock_wait (
        lck_mtx_t                       *lck,
        thread_t                        holder)
{
        thread_t                self = current_thread();
        lck_mtx_t               *mutex;
        __kdebug_only uintptr_t trace_lck = VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(lck);
        __kdebug_only uintptr_t trace_holder = VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(holder);
        integer_t               priority;
        spl_t                   s = splsched();
#if     CONFIG_DTRACE
        uint64_t                sleep_start = 0;

        if (lockstat_probemap[LS_LCK_MTX_LOCK_BLOCK] || lockstat_probemap[LS_LCK_MTX_EXT_LOCK_BLOCK]) {
                sleep_start = mach_absolute_time();
        }
#endif

        if (lck->lck_mtx_tag != LCK_MTX_TAG_INDIRECT)
                mutex = lck;
        else
                mutex = &lck->lck_mtx_ptr->lck_mtx;

        KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_LOCKS, LCK_MTX_LCK_WAIT_CODE) | DBG_FUNC_START, trace_lck, trace_holder, 0, 0, 0);

        priority = self->sched_pri;
        if (priority < self->base_pri)
                priority = self->base_pri;
        if (priority < BASEPRI_DEFAULT)
                priority = BASEPRI_DEFAULT;

        /* Do not promote past promotion ceiling */
        priority = MIN(priority, MAXPRI_PROMOTE);

        thread_lock(holder);
        if (mutex->lck_mtx_pri == 0) {
                holder->promotions++;
                holder->sched_flags |= TH_SFLAG_PROMOTED;
        }

        if (mutex->lck_mtx_pri < priority && holder->sched_pri < priority) {
                KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(
                        MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED,MACH_PROMOTE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
                                        holder->sched_pri, priority, trace_holder, trace_lck, 0);
                set_sched_pri(holder, priority);
        }
        thread_unlock(holder);
        splx(s);

        if (mutex->lck_mtx_pri < priority)
                mutex->lck_mtx_pri = priority;
        if (self->pending_promoter[self->pending_promoter_index] == NULL) {
                self->pending_promoter[self->pending_promoter_index] = mutex;
                mutex->lck_mtx_waiters++;
        }
        else
        if (self->pending_promoter[self->pending_promoter_index] != mutex) {
                self->pending_promoter[++self->pending_promoter_index] = mutex;
                mutex->lck_mtx_waiters++;
        }

        thread_set_pending_block_hint(self, kThreadWaitKernelMutex);
        assert_wait(LCK_MTX_EVENT(mutex), THREAD_UNINT);
        lck_mtx_ilk_unlock(mutex);

        thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);

        KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_LOCKS, LCK_MTX_LCK_WAIT_CODE) | DBG_FUNC_END, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
#if     CONFIG_DTRACE
        /*
         * Record the DTrace lockstat probe for blocking, block time
         * measured from when we were entered.
         */
        if (sleep_start) {
                if (lck->lck_mtx_tag != LCK_MTX_TAG_INDIRECT) {
                        LOCKSTAT_RECORD(LS_LCK_MTX_LOCK_BLOCK, lck,
                            mach_absolute_time() - sleep_start);
                } else {
                        LOCKSTAT_RECORD(LS_LCK_MTX_EXT_LOCK_BLOCK, lck,
                            mach_absolute_time() - sleep_start);
                }
        }
#endif
}

/*
 * Routine:     lck_mtx_lock_acquire
 *
 * Invoked on acquiring the mutex when there is
 * contention.
 *
 * Returns the current number of waiters.
 *
 * Called with the interlock locked.
 */
int
lck_mtx_lock_acquire(
        lck_mtx_t               *lck)
{
        thread_t                thread = current_thread();
        lck_mtx_t               *mutex;
        integer_t               priority;
        spl_t                   s;
        __kdebug_only uintptr_t trace_lck = VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(lck);

        if (lck->lck_mtx_tag != LCK_MTX_TAG_INDIRECT)
                mutex = lck;
        else
                mutex = &lck->lck_mtx_ptr->lck_mtx;

        if (thread->pending_promoter[thread->pending_promoter_index] == mutex) {
                thread->pending_promoter[thread->pending_promoter_index] = NULL;
                if (thread->pending_promoter_index > 0)
                        thread->pending_promoter_index--;
                mutex->lck_mtx_waiters--;
        }

        if (mutex->lck_mtx_waiters)
                priority = mutex->lck_mtx_pri;
        else {
                mutex->lck_mtx_pri = 0;
                priority = 0;
        }

        if (priority || thread->was_promoted_on_wakeup) {
                s = splsched();
                thread_lock(thread);

                if (priority) {
                        thread->promotions++;
                        thread->sched_flags |= TH_SFLAG_PROMOTED;
                        if (thread->sched_pri < priority) {
                                KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(
                                        MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED,MACH_PROMOTE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
                                                        thread->sched_pri, priority, 0, trace_lck, 0);
                                /* Do not promote past promotion ceiling */
                                assert(priority <= MAXPRI_PROMOTE);
                                set_sched_pri(thread, priority);
                        }
                }
                if (thread->was_promoted_on_wakeup) {
                        thread->was_promoted_on_wakeup = 0;
                        if (thread->promotions == 0)
                                lck_mtx_clear_promoted(thread, trace_lck);
                }

                thread_unlock(thread);
                splx(s);
        }

#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        if (lockstat_probemap[LS_LCK_MTX_LOCK_ACQUIRE] || lockstat_probemap[LS_LCK_MTX_EXT_LOCK_ACQUIRE]) {
                if (lck->lck_mtx_tag != LCK_MTX_TAG_INDIRECT) {
                        LOCKSTAT_RECORD(LS_LCK_MTX_LOCK_ACQUIRE, lck, 0);
                } else {
                        LOCKSTAT_RECORD(LS_LCK_MTX_EXT_LOCK_ACQUIRE, lck, 0);
                }
        }
#endif  
        return (mutex->lck_mtx_waiters);
}

/*
 * Routine:     lck_mtx_unlock_wakeup
 *
 * Invoked on unlock when there is contention.
 *
 * Called with the interlock locked.
 */
void
lck_mtx_unlock_wakeup (
        lck_mtx_t                       *lck,
        thread_t                        holder)
{
        thread_t                thread = current_thread();
        lck_mtx_t               *mutex;
        __kdebug_only uintptr_t trace_lck = VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(lck);

        if (lck->lck_mtx_tag != LCK_MTX_TAG_INDIRECT)
                mutex = lck;
        else
                mutex = &lck->lck_mtx_ptr->lck_mtx;

        if (thread != holder)
                panic("lck_mtx_unlock_wakeup: mutex %p holder %p\n", mutex, holder);

        KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_LOCKS, LCK_MTX_UNLCK_WAKEUP_CODE) | DBG_FUNC_START, trace_lck, VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(holder), 0, 0, 0);

        assert(mutex->lck_mtx_waiters > 0);
        if (mutex->lck_mtx_waiters > 1)
                thread_wakeup_one_with_pri(LCK_MTX_EVENT(lck), lck->lck_mtx_pri);
        else
                thread_wakeup_one(LCK_MTX_EVENT(lck));

        if (thread->promotions > 0) {
                spl_t           s = splsched();

                thread_lock(thread);
                if (--thread->promotions == 0 && (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_PROMOTED))
                        lck_mtx_clear_promoted(thread, trace_lck);
                thread_unlock(thread);
                splx(s);
        }

        KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_LOCKS, LCK_MTX_UNLCK_WAKEUP_CODE) | DBG_FUNC_END, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
}

void
lck_mtx_unlockspin_wakeup (
        lck_mtx_t                       *lck)
{
        assert(lck->lck_mtx_waiters > 0);
        thread_wakeup_one(LCK_MTX_EVENT(lck));

        KERNEL_DEBUG(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_LOCKS, LCK_MTX_UNLCK_WAKEUP_CODE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE, VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(lck), 0, 0, 1, 0);
#if CONFIG_DTRACE
        /*
         * When there are waiters, we skip the hot-patch spot in the
         * fastpath, so we record it here.
         */
        LOCKSTAT_RECORD(LS_LCK_MTX_UNLOCK_RELEASE, lck, 0);
#endif
}


/*
 * Routine:     mutex_pause
 *
 * Called by former callers of simple_lock_pause().
 */
#define MAX_COLLISION_COUNTS    32
#define MAX_COLLISION   8

unsigned int max_collision_count[MAX_COLLISION_COUNTS];

uint32_t collision_backoffs[MAX_COLLISION] = {
        10, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000
};


void
mutex_pause(uint32_t collisions)
{
        wait_result_t wait_result;
        uint32_t        back_off;

        if (collisions >= MAX_COLLISION_COUNTS)
                collisions = MAX_COLLISION_COUNTS - 1;
        max_collision_count[collisions]++;

        if (collisions >= MAX_COLLISION)
                collisions = MAX_COLLISION - 1;
        back_off = collision_backoffs[collisions];

        wait_result = assert_wait_timeout((event_t)mutex_pause, THREAD_UNINT, back_off, NSEC_PER_USEC);
        assert(wait_result == THREAD_WAITING);

        wait_result = thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
        assert(wait_result == THREAD_TIMED_OUT);
}


unsigned int mutex_yield_wait = 0;
unsigned int mutex_yield_no_wait = 0;

void
lck_mtx_yield(
            lck_mtx_t   *lck)
{
        int     waiters;
        
#if DEBUG
        lck_mtx_assert(lck, LCK_MTX_ASSERT_OWNED);
#endif /* DEBUG */
        
        if (lck->lck_mtx_tag == LCK_MTX_TAG_INDIRECT)
                waiters = lck->lck_mtx_ptr->lck_mtx.lck_mtx_waiters;
        else
                waiters = lck->lck_mtx_waiters;

        if ( !waiters) {
                mutex_yield_no_wait++;
        } else {
                mutex_yield_wait++;
                lck_mtx_unlock(lck);
                mutex_pause(0);
                lck_mtx_lock(lck);
        }
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_rw_sleep
 */
wait_result_t
lck_rw_sleep(
        lck_rw_t                *lck,
        lck_sleep_action_t      lck_sleep_action,
        event_t                 event,
        wait_interrupt_t        interruptible)
{
        wait_result_t   res;
        lck_rw_type_t   lck_rw_type;
        thread_t                thread = current_thread();

        if ((lck_sleep_action & ~LCK_SLEEP_MASK) != 0)
                panic("Invalid lock sleep action %x\n", lck_sleep_action);

        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_PROMOTED_PRI) {
                /*
                 * Although we are dropping the RW lock, the intent in most cases
                 * is that this thread remains as an observer, since it may hold
                 * some secondary resource, but must yield to avoid deadlock. In
                 * this situation, make sure that the thread is boosted to the
                 * RW lock ceiling while blocked, so that it can re-acquire the
                 * RW lock at that priority.
                 */
                thread->rwlock_count++;
        }

        res = assert_wait(event, interruptible);
        if (res == THREAD_WAITING) {
                lck_rw_type = lck_rw_done(lck);
                res = thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
                if (!(lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK)) {
                        if (!(lck_sleep_action & (LCK_SLEEP_SHARED|LCK_SLEEP_EXCLUSIVE)))
                                lck_rw_lock(lck, lck_rw_type);
                        else if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_EXCLUSIVE)
                                lck_rw_lock_exclusive(lck);
                        else
                                lck_rw_lock_shared(lck);
                }
        }
        else
        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK)
                (void)lck_rw_done(lck);

        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_PROMOTED_PRI) {
                if ((thread->rwlock_count-- == 1 /* field now 0 */) && (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_RW_PROMOTED)) {
                        /* sched_flags checked without lock, but will be rechecked while clearing */

                        /* Only if the caller wanted the lck_rw_t returned unlocked should we drop to 0 */
                        assert(lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK);

                        lck_rw_clear_promotion(thread);
                }
        }

        return res;
}


/*
 * Routine:     lck_rw_sleep_deadline
 */
wait_result_t
lck_rw_sleep_deadline(
        lck_rw_t                *lck,
        lck_sleep_action_t      lck_sleep_action,
        event_t                 event,
        wait_interrupt_t        interruptible,
        uint64_t                deadline)
{
        wait_result_t   res;
        lck_rw_type_t   lck_rw_type;
        thread_t                thread = current_thread();

        if ((lck_sleep_action & ~LCK_SLEEP_MASK) != 0)
                panic("Invalid lock sleep action %x\n", lck_sleep_action);

        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_PROMOTED_PRI) {
                thread->rwlock_count++;
        }

        res = assert_wait_deadline(event, interruptible, deadline);
        if (res == THREAD_WAITING) {
                lck_rw_type = lck_rw_done(lck);
                res = thread_block(THREAD_CONTINUE_NULL);
                if (!(lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK)) {
                        if (!(lck_sleep_action & (LCK_SLEEP_SHARED|LCK_SLEEP_EXCLUSIVE)))
                                lck_rw_lock(lck, lck_rw_type);
                        else if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_EXCLUSIVE)
                                lck_rw_lock_exclusive(lck);
                        else
                                lck_rw_lock_shared(lck);
                }
        }
        else
        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK)
                (void)lck_rw_done(lck);

        if (lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_PROMOTED_PRI) {
                if ((thread->rwlock_count-- == 1 /* field now 0 */) && (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_RW_PROMOTED)) {
                        /* sched_flags checked without lock, but will be rechecked while clearing */

                        /* Only if the caller wanted the lck_rw_t returned unlocked should we drop to 0 */
                        assert(lck_sleep_action & LCK_SLEEP_UNLOCK);

                        lck_rw_clear_promotion(thread);
                }
        }

        return res;
}

/*
 * Reader-writer lock promotion
 *
 * We support a limited form of reader-writer
 * lock promotion whose effects are:
 * 
 *   * Qualifying threads have decay disabled
 *   * Scheduler priority is reset to a floor of
 *     of their statically assigned priority
 *     or BASEPRI_BACKGROUND
 *
 * The rationale is that lck_rw_ts do not have
 * a single owner, so we cannot apply a directed
 * priority boost from all waiting threads
 * to all holding threads without maintaining
 * lists of all shared owners and all waiting
 * threads for every lock.
 *
 * Instead (and to preserve the uncontended fast-
 * path), acquiring (or attempting to acquire)
 * a RW lock in shared or exclusive lock increments
 * a per-thread counter. Only if that thread stops
 * making forward progress (for instance blocking
 * on a mutex, or being preempted) do we consult
 * the counter and apply the priority floor.
 * When the thread becomes runnable again (or in
 * the case of preemption it never stopped being
 * runnable), it has the priority boost and should
 * be in a good position to run on the CPU and
 * release all RW locks (at which point the priority
 * boost is cleared).
 *
 * Care must be taken to ensure that priority
 * boosts are not retained indefinitely, since unlike
 * mutex priority boosts (where the boost is tied
 * to the mutex lifecycle), the boost is tied
 * to the thread and independent of any particular
 * lck_rw_t. Assertions are in place on return
 * to userspace so that the boost is not held
 * indefinitely.
 *
 * The routines that increment/decrement the
 * per-thread counter should err on the side of
 * incrementing any time a preemption is possible
 * and the lock would be visible to the rest of the
 * system as held (so it should be incremented before
 * interlocks are dropped/preemption is enabled, or
 * before a CAS is executed to acquire the lock).
 *
 */

/*
 * lck_rw_clear_promotion: Undo priority promotions when the last RW
 * lock is released by a thread (if a promotion was active)
 */
void lck_rw_clear_promotion(thread_t thread)
{
        assert(thread->rwlock_count == 0);

        /* Cancel any promotions if the thread had actually blocked while holding a RW lock */
        spl_t s = splsched();

        thread_lock(thread);

        if (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_RW_PROMOTED) {
                thread->sched_flags &= ~TH_SFLAG_RW_PROMOTED;

                if (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_PROMOTED) {
                        /* Thread still has a mutex promotion */
                } else if (thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_DEPRESSED_MASK) {
                        KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED, MACH_RW_DEMOTE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
                                              (uintptr_t)thread_tid(thread), thread->sched_pri, DEPRESSPRI, 0, 0);

                        set_sched_pri(thread, DEPRESSPRI);
                } else {
                        KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED, MACH_RW_DEMOTE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
                                              (uintptr_t)thread_tid(thread), thread->sched_pri, thread->base_pri, 0, 0);

                        thread_recompute_sched_pri(thread, FALSE);
                }
        }

        thread_unlock(thread);
        splx(s);
}

/*
 * Callout from context switch if the thread goes
 * off core with a positive rwlock_count
 *
 * Called at splsched with the thread locked
 */
void
lck_rw_set_promotion_locked(thread_t thread)
{
        if (LcksOpts & disLkRWPrio)
                return;

        integer_t priority;

        priority = thread->sched_pri;

        if (priority < thread->base_pri)
                priority = thread->base_pri;
        if (priority < BASEPRI_BACKGROUND)
                priority = BASEPRI_BACKGROUND;

        if ((thread->sched_pri < priority) ||
            !(thread->sched_flags & TH_SFLAG_RW_PROMOTED)) {
                KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(
                        MACHDBG_CODE(DBG_MACH_SCHED, MACH_RW_PROMOTE) | DBG_FUNC_NONE,
                        (uintptr_t)thread_tid(thread), thread->sched_pri,
                        thread->base_pri, priority, 0);

                thread->sched_flags |= TH_SFLAG_RW_PROMOTED;

                if (thread->sched_pri < priority)
                        set_sched_pri(thread, priority);
        }
}

kern_return_t
host_lockgroup_info(
        host_t                                  host,
        lockgroup_info_array_t  *lockgroup_infop,
        mach_msg_type_number_t  *lockgroup_infoCntp)
{
        lockgroup_info_t        *lockgroup_info_base;
        lockgroup_info_t        *lockgroup_info;
        vm_offset_t                     lockgroup_info_addr;
        vm_size_t                       lockgroup_info_size;
        vm_size_t                       lockgroup_info_vmsize;
        lck_grp_t                       *lck_grp;
        unsigned int            i;
        vm_map_copy_t           copy;
        kern_return_t           kr;

        if (host == HOST_NULL)
                return KERN_INVALID_HOST;

        lck_mtx_lock(&lck_grp_lock);

        lockgroup_info_size = lck_grp_cnt * sizeof(*lockgroup_info);
        lockgroup_info_vmsize = round_page(lockgroup_info_size);
        kr = kmem_alloc_pageable(ipc_kernel_map,
                                                 &lockgroup_info_addr, lockgroup_info_vmsize, VM_KERN_MEMORY_IPC);
        if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
                lck_mtx_unlock(&lck_grp_lock);
                return(kr);
        }

        lockgroup_info_base = (lockgroup_info_t *) lockgroup_info_addr;
        lck_grp = (lck_grp_t *)queue_first(&lck_grp_queue);
        lockgroup_info = lockgroup_info_base;

        for (i = 0; i < lck_grp_cnt; i++) {

                lockgroup_info->lock_spin_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_spincnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_spin_util_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_spin_stat.lck_grp_spin_util_cnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_spin_held_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_spin_stat.lck_grp_spin_held_cnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_spin_miss_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_spin_stat.lck_grp_spin_miss_cnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_spin_held_max = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_spin_stat.lck_grp_spin_held_max;
                lockgroup_info->lock_spin_held_cum = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_spin_stat.lck_grp_spin_held_cum;

                lockgroup_info->lock_mtx_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_mtxcnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_mtx_util_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_mtx_stat.lck_grp_mtx_util_cnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_mtx_held_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_mtx_stat.lck_grp_mtx_held_cnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_mtx_miss_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_mtx_stat.lck_grp_mtx_miss_cnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_mtx_wait_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_mtx_stat.lck_grp_mtx_wait_cnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_mtx_held_max = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_mtx_stat.lck_grp_mtx_held_max;
                lockgroup_info->lock_mtx_held_cum = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_mtx_stat.lck_grp_mtx_held_cum;
                lockgroup_info->lock_mtx_wait_max = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_mtx_stat.lck_grp_mtx_wait_max;
                lockgroup_info->lock_mtx_wait_cum = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_mtx_stat.lck_grp_mtx_wait_cum;

                lockgroup_info->lock_rw_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_rwcnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_rw_util_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_rw_stat.lck_grp_rw_util_cnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_rw_held_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_rw_stat.lck_grp_rw_held_cnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_rw_miss_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_rw_stat.lck_grp_rw_miss_cnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_rw_wait_cnt = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_rw_stat.lck_grp_rw_wait_cnt;
                lockgroup_info->lock_rw_held_max = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_rw_stat.lck_grp_rw_held_max;
                lockgroup_info->lock_rw_held_cum = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_rw_stat.lck_grp_rw_held_cum;
                lockgroup_info->lock_rw_wait_max = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_rw_stat.lck_grp_rw_wait_max;
                lockgroup_info->lock_rw_wait_cum = lck_grp->lck_grp_stat.lck_grp_rw_stat.lck_grp_rw_wait_cum;

                (void) strncpy(lockgroup_info->lockgroup_name,lck_grp->lck_grp_name, LOCKGROUP_MAX_NAME);

                lck_grp = (lck_grp_t *)(queue_next((queue_entry_t)(lck_grp)));
                lockgroup_info++;
        }

        *lockgroup_infoCntp = lck_grp_cnt;
        lck_mtx_unlock(&lck_grp_lock);

        if (lockgroup_info_size != lockgroup_info_vmsize)
                bzero((char *)lockgroup_info, lockgroup_info_vmsize - lockgroup_info_size);

        kr = vm_map_copyin(ipc_kernel_map, (vm_map_address_t)lockgroup_info_addr,
                           (vm_map_size_t)lockgroup_info_size, TRUE, &copy);
        assert(kr == KERN_SUCCESS);

        *lockgroup_infop = (lockgroup_info_t *) copy;

        return(KERN_SUCCESS);
}

/*
 * Atomic primitives, prototyped in kern/simple_lock.h
 * Noret versions are more efficient on some architectures
 */
        
uint32_t
hw_atomic_add(volatile uint32_t *dest, uint32_t delt)
{
        ALIGN_TEST(dest,uint32_t);
        return __c11_atomic_fetch_add(ATOMIC_CAST(uint32_t,dest), delt, memory_order_relaxed) + delt;
}

uint32_t
hw_atomic_sub(volatile uint32_t *dest, uint32_t delt)
{
        ALIGN_TEST(dest,uint32_t);
        return __c11_atomic_fetch_sub(ATOMIC_CAST(uint32_t,dest), delt, memory_order_relaxed) - delt;
}

uint32_t
hw_atomic_or(volatile uint32_t *dest, uint32_t mask)
{
        ALIGN_TEST(dest,uint32_t);
        return __c11_atomic_fetch_or(ATOMIC_CAST(uint32_t,dest), mask, memory_order_relaxed) | mask;
}

void
hw_atomic_or_noret(volatile uint32_t *dest, uint32_t mask)
{
        ALIGN_TEST(dest,uint32_t);
        __c11_atomic_fetch_or(ATOMIC_CAST(uint32_t,dest), mask, memory_order_relaxed);
}

uint32_t
hw_atomic_and(volatile uint32_t *dest, uint32_t mask)
{
        ALIGN_TEST(dest,uint32_t);
        return __c11_atomic_fetch_and(ATOMIC_CAST(uint32_t,dest), mask, memory_order_relaxed) & mask;
}

void
hw_atomic_and_noret(volatile uint32_t *dest, uint32_t mask)
{
        ALIGN_TEST(dest,uint32_t);
        __c11_atomic_fetch_and(ATOMIC_CAST(uint32_t,dest), mask, memory_order_relaxed);
}

uint32_t
hw_compare_and_store(uint32_t oldval, uint32_t newval, volatile uint32_t *dest)
{
        ALIGN_TEST(dest,uint32_t);
        return __c11_atomic_compare_exchange_strong(ATOMIC_CAST(uint32_t,dest), &oldval, newval,
                        memory_order_acq_rel_smp, memory_order_relaxed);
}