osfmk/kern/zalloc.h

   1 /*
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  10  * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
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  13  * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
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  16  * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
  17  *
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  27  */
  28 /*
  29  * @OSF_COPYRIGHT@
  30  */
  31 /*
  32  * Mach Operating System
  33  * Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989,1988,1987 Carnegie Mellon University
  34  * All Rights Reserved.
  35  *
  36  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
  37  * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
  38  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
  39  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
  40  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
  41  *
  42  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
  43  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
  44  * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  45  *
  46  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
  47  *
  48  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
  49  *  School of Computer Science
  50  *  Carnegie Mellon University
  51  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
  52  *
  53  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
  54  * the rights to redistribute these changes.
  55  */
  56 /*
  57  */
  58 /*
  59  *      File:   zalloc.h
  60  *      Author: Avadis Tevanian, Jr.
  61  *      Date:    1985
  62  *
  63  */
  64
  65 #ifdef  KERNEL_PRIVATE
  66
  67 #ifndef _KERN_ZALLOC_H_
  68 #define _KERN_ZALLOC_H_
  69
  70 #include <mach/machine/vm_types.h>
  71 #include <kern/kern_types.h>
  72 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  73
  74 #ifdef  MACH_KERNEL_PRIVATE
  75
  76 #include <zone_debug.h>
  77 #include <kern/lock.h>
  78 #include <kern/locks.h>
  79 #include <kern/queue.h>
  80 #include <kern/thread_call.h>
  81
  82 #if     CONFIG_GZALLOC
  83 typedef struct gzalloc_data {
  84         uint32_t        gzfc_index;
  85         vm_offset_t     *gzfc;
  86 } gzalloc_data_t;
  87 #endif
  88
  89 /*
  90  *      A zone is a collection of fixed size blocks for which there
  91  *      is fast allocation/deallocation access.  Kernel routines can
  92  *      use zones to manage data structures dynamically, creating a zone
  93  *      for each type of data structure to be managed.
  94  *
  95  */
  96
  97 struct zone_free_element;
  98 struct zone_page_metadata;
  99
 100 struct zone {
 101         struct zone_free_element *free_elements;        /* free elements directly linked */
 102         struct {
 103                 queue_head_t                    any_free_foreign;       /* foreign pages crammed into zone */
 104                 queue_head_t                    all_free;
 105                 queue_head_t                    intermediate;
 106                 queue_head_t                    all_used;
 107         } pages;                /* list of zone_page_metadata structs, which maintain per-page free element lists */
 108         int             count;          /* Number of elements used now */
 109         int             countfree;      /* Number of free elements */
 110         lck_attr_t      lock_attr;      /* zone lock attribute */
 111         decl_lck_mtx_data(,lock)        /* zone lock */
 112         lck_mtx_ext_t   lock_ext;       /* placeholder for indirect mutex */
 113         vm_size_t       cur_size;       /* current memory utilization */
 114         vm_size_t       max_size;       /* how large can this zone grow */
 115         vm_size_t       elem_size;      /* size of an element */
 116         vm_size_t       alloc_size;     /* size used for more memory */
 117         uint64_t        page_count __attribute__((aligned(8)));   /* number of pages used by this zone */
 118         uint64_t        sum_count;      /* count of allocs (life of zone) */
 119         uint32_t
 120         /* boolean_t */ exhaustible        :1,  /* (F) merely return if empty? */
 121         /* boolean_t */ collectable        :1,  /* (F) garbage collect empty pages */
 122         /* boolean_t */ expandable         :1,  /* (T) expand zone (with message)? */
 123         /* boolean_t */ allows_foreign     :1,  /* (F) allow non-zalloc space */
 124         /* boolean_t */ doing_alloc        :1,  /* is zone expanding now? */
 125         /* boolean_t */ waiting            :1,  /* is thread waiting for expansion? */
 126         /* boolean_t */ async_pending      :1,  /* asynchronous allocation pending? */
 127         /* boolean_t */ zleak_on           :1,  /* Are we collecting allocation information? */
 128         /* boolean_t */ caller_acct        :1,  /* do we account allocation/free to the caller? */
 129         /* boolean_t */ doing_gc           :1,  /* garbage collect in progress? */
 130         /* boolean_t */ noencrypt          :1,
 131         /* boolean_t */ no_callout         :1,
 132         /* boolean_t */ async_prio_refill  :1,
 133         /* boolean_t */ gzalloc_exempt     :1,
 134         /* boolean_t */ alignment_required :1,
 135         /* boolean_t */ use_page_list      :1,
 136         /* future    */ _reserved          :16;
 137
 138         int             index;          /* index into zone_info arrays for this zone */
 139         struct zone     *next_zone;     /* Link for all-zones list */
 140         const char      *zone_name;     /* a name for the zone */
 141 #if     ZONE_DEBUG
 142         queue_head_t    active_zones;   /* active elements */
 143 #endif  /* ZONE_DEBUG */
 144
 145 #if CONFIG_ZLEAKS
 146         uint32_t zleak_capture;         /* per-zone counter for capturing every N allocations */
 147 #endif /* CONFIG_ZLEAKS */
 148         uint32_t zp_count;              /* counter for poisoning every N frees */
 149         vm_size_t       prio_refill_watermark;
 150         thread_t        zone_replenish_thread;
 151 #if     CONFIG_GZALLOC
 152         gzalloc_data_t  gz;
 153 #endif /* CONFIG_GZALLOC */
 154 };
 155
 156 /*
 157  *      structure for tracking zone usage
 158  *      Used either one per task/thread for all zones or <per-task,per-zone>.
 159  */
 160 typedef struct zinfo_usage_store_t {
 161         /* These fields may be updated atomically, and so must be 8 byte aligned */
 162         uint64_t        alloc __attribute__((aligned(8)));              /* allocation counter */
 163         uint64_t        free __attribute__((aligned(8)));               /* free counter */
 164 } zinfo_usage_store_t;
 165 typedef zinfo_usage_store_t *zinfo_usage_t;
 166
 167 extern void             zone_gc(boolean_t);
 168 extern void             consider_zone_gc(boolean_t);
 169
 170 /* Steal memory for zone module */
 171 extern void             zone_steal_memory(void);
 172
 173 /* Bootstrap zone module (create zone zone) */
 174 extern void             zone_bootstrap(void);
 175
 176 /* Init zone module */
 177 extern void             zone_init(
 178                                         vm_size_t       map_size);
 179
 180 /* Handle per-task zone info */
 181 extern void             zinfo_task_init(task_t task);
 182 extern void             zinfo_task_free(task_t task);
 183
 184
 185 /* Stack use statistics */
 186 extern void             stack_fake_zone_init(int zone_index);
 187 extern void             stack_fake_zone_info(
 188                                         int                     *count,
 189                                         vm_size_t       *cur_size,
 190                                         vm_size_t       *max_size,
 191                                         vm_size_t       *elem_size,
 192                                         vm_size_t       *alloc_size,
 193                                         uint64_t        *sum_size,
 194                                         int                     *collectable,
 195                                         int                     *exhaustable,
 196                                         int             *caller_acct);
 197
 198 #if             ZONE_DEBUG
 199
 200 extern void             zone_debug_enable(
 201                                 zone_t          z);
 202
 203 extern void             zone_debug_disable(
 204                                 zone_t          z);
 205
 206 #define zone_debug_enabled(z) z->active_zones.next
 207 #define ROUNDUP(x,y)            ((((x)+(y)-1)/(y))*(y))
 208 #define ZONE_DEBUG_OFFSET       ROUNDUP(sizeof(queue_chain_t),16)
 209 #endif  /* ZONE_DEBUG */
 210
 211 #endif  /* MACH_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
 212
 213 __BEGIN_DECLS
 214
 215 #ifdef  XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
 216
 217 /* Allocate from zone */
 218 extern void *   zalloc(
 219                                         zone_t          zone);
 220
 221 /* Free zone element */
 222 extern void             zfree(
 223                                         zone_t          zone,
 224                                         void            *elem);
 225
 226 /* Create zone */
 227 extern zone_t   zinit(
 228                                         vm_size_t       size,           /* the size of an element */
 229                                         vm_size_t       maxmem,         /* maximum memory to use */
 230                                         vm_size_t       alloc,          /* allocation size */
 231                                         const char      *name);         /* a name for the zone */
 232
 233
 234 /* Non-blocking version of zalloc */
 235 extern void *   zalloc_noblock(
 236                                         zone_t          zone);
 237
 238 /* direct (non-wrappered) interface */
 239 extern void *   zalloc_canblock(
 240                                         zone_t          zone,
 241                                         boolean_t       canblock);
 242
 243 /* Get from zone free list */
 244 extern void *   zget(
 245                                         zone_t          zone);
 246
 247 /* Fill zone with memory */
 248 extern void             zcram(
 249                                         zone_t          zone,
 250                                         vm_offset_t     newmem,
 251                                         vm_size_t       size);
 252
 253 /* Initially fill zone with specified number of elements */
 254 extern int              zfill(
 255                                         zone_t          zone,
 256                                         int                     nelem);
 257
 258 /* Change zone parameters */
 259 extern void             zone_change(
 260                                         zone_t                  zone,
 261                                         unsigned int    item,
 262                                         boolean_t               value);
 263 extern void             zone_prio_refill_configure(zone_t, vm_size_t);
 264 /* Item definitions */
 265 #define Z_EXHAUST       1       /* Make zone exhaustible        */
 266 #define Z_COLLECT       2       /* Make zone collectable        */
 267 #define Z_EXPAND        3       /* Make zone expandable         */
 268 #define Z_FOREIGN       4       /* Allow collectable zone to contain foreign elements */
 269 #define Z_CALLERACCT    5       /* Account alloc/free against the caller */
 270 #define Z_NOENCRYPT     6       /* Don't encrypt zone during hibernation */
 271 #define Z_NOCALLOUT     7       /* Don't asynchronously replenish the zone via
 272                                  * callouts
 273                                  */
 274 #define Z_ALIGNMENT_REQUIRED 8
 275 #define Z_GZALLOC_EXEMPT 9      /* Not tracked in guard allocation mode */
 276
 277 /* Preallocate space for zone from zone map */
 278 extern void             zprealloc(
 279                                         zone_t          zone,
 280                                         vm_size_t       size);
 281
 282 extern integer_t        zone_free_count(
 283                                                 zone_t          zone);
 284
 285 /*
 286  * MAX_ZTRACE_DEPTH configures how deep of a stack trace is taken on each zalloc in the zone of interest.  15
 287  * levels is usually enough to get past all the layers of code in kalloc and IOKit and see who the actual
 288  * caller is up above these lower levels.
 289  *
 290  * This is used both for the zone leak detector and the zone corruption log.
 291  */
 292
 293 #define MAX_ZTRACE_DEPTH        15
 294
 295 /*
 296  *  Structure for keeping track of a backtrace, used for leak detection.
 297  *  This is in the .h file because it is used during panic, see kern/debug.c
 298  *  A non-zero size indicates that the trace is in use.
 299  */
 300 struct ztrace {
 301         vm_size_t               zt_size;                        /* How much memory are all the allocations referring to this trace taking up? */
 302         uint32_t                zt_depth;                       /* depth of stack (0 to MAX_ZTRACE_DEPTH) */
 303         void*                   zt_stack[MAX_ZTRACE_DEPTH];     /* series of return addresses from OSBacktrace */
 304         uint32_t                zt_collisions;                  /* How many times did a different stack land here while it was occupied? */
 305         uint32_t                zt_hit_count;                   /* for determining effectiveness of hash function */
 306 };
 307
 308 #if CONFIG_ZLEAKS
 309
 310 /* support for the kern.zleak.* sysctls */
 311
 312 extern kern_return_t zleak_activate(void);
 313 extern vm_size_t zleak_max_zonemap_size;
 314 extern vm_size_t zleak_global_tracking_threshold;
 315 extern vm_size_t zleak_per_zone_tracking_threshold;
 316
 317 extern int get_zleak_state(void);
 318
 319 #endif  /* CONFIG_ZLEAKS */
 320
 321 /* These functions used for leak detection both in zalloc.c and mbuf.c */
 322 extern uint32_t fastbacktrace(uintptr_t* bt, uint32_t max_frames) __attribute__((noinline));
 323 extern uintptr_t hash_mix(uintptr_t);
 324 extern uint32_t hashbacktrace(uintptr_t *, uint32_t, uint32_t);
 325 extern uint32_t hashaddr(uintptr_t, uint32_t);
 326
 327 #define lock_zone(zone)                                 \
 328 MACRO_BEGIN                                             \
 329         lck_mtx_lock_spin(&(zone)->lock);               \
 330 MACRO_END
 331
 332 #define unlock_zone(zone)                               \
 333 MACRO_BEGIN                                             \
 334         lck_mtx_unlock(&(zone)->lock);                  \
 335 MACRO_END
 336
 337 #if     CONFIG_GZALLOC
 338 void gzalloc_init(vm_size_t);
 339 void gzalloc_zone_init(zone_t);
 340 void gzalloc_configure(void);
 341 void gzalloc_reconfigure(zone_t);
 342 boolean_t gzalloc_enabled(void);
 343
 344 vm_offset_t gzalloc_alloc(zone_t, boolean_t);
 345 boolean_t gzalloc_free(zone_t, void *);
 346 #endif /* CONFIG_GZALLOC */
 347
 348 #endif  /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
 349
 350 __END_DECLS
 351
 352 #endif  /* _KERN_ZALLOC_H_ */
 353
 354 #endif  /* KERNEL_PRIVATE */