xnu-3248.60.10.tar.gz

[apple/xnu.git] / osfmk / mach / vm_param.h

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 * Copyright (c) 2000-2006 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
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 * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
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 * 
 * Please obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
 * 
 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
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/*
 * @OSF_COPYRIGHT@
 */
/* 
 * Mach Operating System
 * Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989,1988,1987 Carnegie Mellon University
 * All Rights Reserved.
 * 
 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
 * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
 * 
 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
 * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
 * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 * 
 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
 * 
 *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
 *  School of Computer Science
 *  Carnegie Mellon University
 *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
 * 
 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
 * the rights to redistribute these changes.
 */
/*
 */
/*
 *	File:	mach/vm_param.h
 *	Author:	Avadis Tevanian, Jr., Michael Wayne Young
 *	Date:	1985
 *
 *	Machine independent virtual memory parameters.
 *
 */

#ifndef	_MACH_VM_PARAM_H_
#define _MACH_VM_PARAM_H_

#include <mach/machine/vm_param.h>

#ifdef	KERNEL

#ifndef	ASSEMBLER
#include <mach/vm_types.h>
#endif	/* ASSEMBLER */

/*
 *	The machine independent pages are refered to as PAGES.  A page
 *	is some number of hardware pages, depending on the target machine.
 */

#ifndef	ASSEMBLER

#define PAGE_SIZE_64 (unsigned long long)PAGE_SIZE		/* pagesize in addr units */
#define PAGE_MASK_64 (unsigned long long)PAGE_MASK		/* mask for off in page */

/*
 *	Convert addresses to pages and vice versa.  No rounding is used.
 *      The atop_32 and ptoa_32 macros should not be use on 64 bit types.
 *      The round_page_64 and trunc_page_64 macros should be used instead.
 */

#define atop_32(x) ((uint32_t)(x) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
#define ptoa_32(x) ((uint32_t)(x) << PAGE_SHIFT)
#define atop_64(x) ((uint64_t)(x) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
#define ptoa_64(x) ((uint64_t)(x) << PAGE_SHIFT)

#define atop_kernel(x) ((vm_address_t)(x) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
#define ptoa_kernel(x) ((vm_address_t)(x) << PAGE_SHIFT)

/*
 *      While the following block is enabled, the legacy atop and ptoa
 *      macros will behave correctly.  If not, they will generate
 *      invalid lvalue errors.
 */

#if 1
#define atop(x)	((vm_address_t)(x) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
#define ptoa(x)	((vm_address_t)(x) << PAGE_SHIFT)
#else
#define atop(x) (0UL = 0)
#define ptoa(x) (0UL = 0)
#endif

/*
 *	Page-size rounding macros for the Public fixed-width VM types.
 */
#define mach_vm_round_page(x) (((mach_vm_offset_t)(x) + PAGE_MASK) & ~((signed)PAGE_MASK))
#define mach_vm_trunc_page(x) ((mach_vm_offset_t)(x) & ~((signed)PAGE_MASK))

#define memory_object_round_page(x) (((memory_object_offset_t)(x) + PAGE_MASK) & ~((signed)PAGE_MASK))
#define memory_object_trunc_page(x) ((memory_object_offset_t)(x) & ~((signed)PAGE_MASK))

/*
 *	Rounding macros for the legacy (scalable with the current task's
 *	address space size) VM types.
 */

#define round_page(x) (((vm_offset_t)(x) + PAGE_MASK) & ~((vm_offset_t)PAGE_MASK))
#define trunc_page(x) ((vm_offset_t)(x) & ~((vm_offset_t)PAGE_MASK))

/*
 *	Round off or truncate to the nearest page.  These will work
 *	for either addresses or counts.  (i.e. 1 byte rounds to 1 page
 *	bytes.  The round_page_32 and trunc_page_32 macros should not be
 *      use on 64 bit types.  The round_page_64 and trunc_page_64 macros
 *      should be used instead.
 *
 *	These should only be used in the rare case the size of the address
 *	or length is hard-coded as 32 or 64 bit.  Otherwise, the macros
 *	associated with the specific VM type should be used.
 */

#define round_page_32(x) (((uint32_t)(x) + PAGE_MASK) & ~((uint32_t)PAGE_MASK))
#define trunc_page_32(x) ((uint32_t)(x) & ~((uint32_t)PAGE_MASK))
#define round_page_64(x) (((uint64_t)(x) + PAGE_MASK_64) & ~((uint64_t)PAGE_MASK_64))
#define trunc_page_64(x) ((uint64_t)(x) & ~((uint64_t)PAGE_MASK_64))

/*
 *      Enable the following block to find uses of xxx_32 macros that should
 *      be xxx_64.  These macros only work in C code, not C++.  The resulting
 *      binaries are not functional.  Look for invalid lvalue errors in
 *      the compiler output.
 *
 *      Enabling the following block will also find use of the xxx_64 macros
 *      that have been passed pointers.  The parameters should be case to an
 *      unsigned long type first.  Look for invalid operands to binary + error
 *      in the compiler output.
 */

#if 0
#undef atop_32
#undef ptoa_32
#undef round_page_32
#undef trunc_page_32
#undef atop_64
#undef ptoa_64
#undef round_page_64
#undef trunc_page_64

#ifndef __cplusplus

#define atop_32(x) \
    (__builtin_choose_expr (sizeof(x) != sizeof(uint64_t), \
        (*(long *)0), \
        (0UL)) = 0)

#define ptoa_32(x) \
    (__builtin_choose_expr (sizeof(x) != sizeof(uint64_t), \
        (*(long *)0), \
        (0UL)) = 0)

#define round_page_32(x) \
    (__builtin_choose_expr (sizeof(x) != sizeof(uint64_t), \
        (*(long *)0), \
        (0UL)) = 0)

#define trunc_page_32(x) \
    (__builtin_choose_expr (sizeof(x) != sizeof(uint64_t), \
        (*(long *)0), \
        (0UL)) = 0)
#else

#define atop_32(x) (0)
#define ptoa_32(x) (0)
#define round_page_32(x) (0)
#define trunc_page_32(x) (0)

#endif /* ! __cplusplus */

#define atop_64(x) ((uint64_t)((x) + (uint8_t *)0))
#define ptoa_64(x) ((uint64_t)((x) + (uint8_t *)0))
#define round_page_64(x) ((uint64_t)((x) + (uint8_t *)0))
#define trunc_page_64(x) ((uint64_t)((x) + (uint8_t *)0))

#endif

/*
 *	Determine whether an address is page-aligned, or a count is
 *	an exact page multiple.
 */

#define	page_aligned(x)	(((x) & PAGE_MASK) == 0)

extern vm_size_t	mem_size;		/* 32-bit size of memory - limited by maxmem - deprecated */
extern uint64_t		max_mem;		/* 64-bit size of memory - limited by maxmem */

/*
 * The default pager does not handle 64-bit offsets inside its objects,
 * so this limits the size of anonymous memory objects to 4GB minus 1 page.
 * When we need to allocate a chunk of anonymous memory over that size,
 * we have to allocate more than one chunk.
 */
#define ANON_MAX_SIZE	0xFFFFF000ULL
/*
 * Work-around for <rdar://problem/6626493>
 * Break large anonymous memory areas into 128MB chunks to alleviate
 * the cost of copying when copy-on-write is not possible because a small
 * portion of it being wired.
 */
#define ANON_CHUNK_SIZE	(128ULL * 1024 * 1024) /* 128MB */

#ifdef	XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE

extern uint64_t		mem_actual;		/* 64-bit size of memory - not limited by maxmem */
extern uint64_t		sane_size;		/* Memory size to use for defaults calculations */
extern addr64_t 	vm_last_addr;	/* Highest kernel virtual address known to the VM system */

extern const vm_offset_t	vm_min_kernel_address;
extern const vm_offset_t	vm_max_kernel_address;

extern vm_offset_t		vm_kernel_stext;
extern vm_offset_t		vm_kernel_etext;
extern vm_offset_t		vm_kernel_base;
extern vm_offset_t		vm_kernel_top;
extern vm_offset_t		vm_kernel_slide;
extern vm_offset_t		vm_hib_base;
extern vm_offset_t		vm_kernel_addrperm;

extern vm_offset_t		vm_kext_base;
extern vm_offset_t		vm_kext_top;
extern vm_offset_t      vm_prelink_stext;
extern vm_offset_t      vm_prelink_etext;
extern vm_offset_t      vm_prelink_sinfo;
extern vm_offset_t      vm_prelink_einfo;
extern vm_offset_t      vm_slinkedit;
extern vm_offset_t      vm_elinkedit;

#define VM_KERNEL_IS_SLID(_o)						       \
		(((vm_offset_t)(_o) >= vm_kernel_base) &&		       \
		 ((vm_offset_t)(_o) <=  vm_kernel_top))
#define VM_KERNEL_IS_KEXT(_o)      \
                (((vm_offset_t)(_o) >= vm_kext_base) &&   \
                 ((vm_offset_t)(_o) <  vm_kext_top))

#define VM_KERNEL_IS_PRELINKTEXT(_o)        \
        (((vm_offset_t)(_o) >= vm_prelink_stext) &&     \
        ((vm_offset_t)(_o) <  vm_prelink_etext))

#define VM_KERNEL_IS_PRELINKINFO(_o)        \
    (((vm_offset_t)(_o) >= vm_prelink_sinfo) &&     \
    ((vm_offset_t)(_o) <  vm_prelink_einfo))

#define VM_KERNEL_IS_KEXT_LINKEDIT(_o)        \
    (((vm_offset_t)(_o) >= vm_slinkedit) &&     \
    ((vm_offset_t)(_o) <  vm_elinkedit))

#define VM_KERNEL_SLIDE(_u)						       \
		((vm_offset_t)(_u) + vm_kernel_slide)

/*
 * The following macros are to be used when exposing kernel addresses to
 * userspace via any of the various debug or info facilities that might exist
 * (e.g. stackshot, proc_info syscall, etc.). It is important to understand
 * the goal of each macro and choose the right one depending on what you are
 * trying to do. Misuse of these macros can result in critical data leaks
 * which in turn lead to all sorts of system vulnerabilities.
 *
 * Note that in general the ideal goal is to protect addresses from userspace
 * in a way that is reversible assuming you know the permutation and/or slide.
 *
 * The macros are as follows:
 * 
 * VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE:
 *     Use this macro when you are exposing an address to userspace which is
 *     a "static" kernel or kext address (i.e. coming from text or data
 *     sections). These are the addresses which get "slid" via ASLR on kernel
 *     or kext load, and it's precisely the slide value we are trying to
 *     protect from userspace.
 *
 * VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM:
 *     Use this macro when you are exposing an address to userspace which is
 *     coming from the kernel's "heap". Since these adresses are not "loaded"
 *     from anywhere, there is no slide applied and we instead apply the
 *     permutation value to obscure the address.
 *
 * VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_ADDRPERM:
 *     Use this macro when you are exposing an address to userspace that could
 *     come from either kernel text/data *or* the heap. This is a rare case,
 *     but one that does come up and must be handled correctly. If the argument
 *     is known to be lower than any potential heap address, no transformation
 *     is applied, to avoid revealing the operation on a constant.
 *
 * Nesting of these macros should be considered invalid.
 */
#define VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE(_v)						       \
		((VM_KERNEL_IS_SLID(_v) ||				       \
		  VM_KERNEL_IS_KEXT(_v) ||      \
          VM_KERNEL_IS_PRELINKTEXT(_v) ||   \
          VM_KERNEL_IS_PRELINKINFO(_v) ||   \
          VM_KERNEL_IS_KEXT_LINKEDIT(_v)) ?      \
			(vm_offset_t)(_v) - vm_kernel_slide :    \
			(vm_offset_t)(_v))

#define	VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM(_v)						       \
		(((vm_offset_t)(_v) == 0) ?				       \
			(vm_offset_t)(0) :				       \
			(vm_offset_t)(_v) + vm_kernel_addrperm)

#define VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(_v)					       \
		((VM_KERNEL_IS_SLID(_v) ||				       \
          VM_KERNEL_IS_KEXT(_v) ||      \
          VM_KERNEL_IS_PRELINKTEXT(_v) ||   \
          VM_KERNEL_IS_PRELINKINFO(_v) ||   \
          VM_KERNEL_IS_KEXT_LINKEDIT(_v)) ?         \
			(vm_offset_t)(_v) - vm_kernel_slide :    \
		 ((vm_offset_t)(_v) >= VM_MIN_KERNEL_AND_KEXT_ADDRESS ? VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM(_v) : (vm_offset_t)(_v)))
	

#endif	/* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */

extern vm_size_t	page_size;
extern vm_size_t	page_mask;
extern int		page_shift;

/* We need a way to get rid of compiler warnings when we cast from   */
/* a 64 bit value to an address (which may be 32 bits or 64-bits).   */
/* An intptr_t is used convert the value to the right precision, and */
/* then to an address. This macro is also used to convert addresses  */
/* to 32-bit integers, which is a hard failure for a 64-bit kernel   */
#include <stdint.h>
#ifndef __CAST_DOWN_CHECK
#define __CAST_DOWN_CHECK

#define CAST_DOWN( type, addr ) \
    ( ((type)((uintptr_t) (addr)/(sizeof(type) < sizeof(uintptr_t) ? 0 : 1))) )

#define CAST_DOWN_EXPLICIT( type, addr )  ( ((type)((uintptr_t) (addr))) ) 

#endif /* __CAST_DOWN_CHECK */

#endif	/* ASSEMBLER */

#endif	/* KERNEL */

#endif	/* _MACH_VM_PARAM_H_ */