xnu-2422.1.72.tar.gz

[apple/xnu.git] / bsd / vfs / vfs_xattr.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2012 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
 * 
 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
 * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
 * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
 * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
 * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
 * 
 * Please obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
 * 
 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
 * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
 * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
 * limitations under the License.
 * 
 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
 */
/*
 * NOTICE: This file was modified by SPARTA, Inc. in 2005 to introduce
 * support for mandatory and extensible security protections.  This notice
 * is included in support of clause 2.2 (b) of the Apple Public License,
 * Version 2.0.
 */

#include <sys/param.h>

#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#include <sys/fsevents.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/kauth.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/mount_internal.h>
#include <sys/namei.h>
#include <sys/proc_internal.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <sys/utfconv.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#include <sys/vnode_internal.h>
#include <sys/xattr.h>

#include <libkern/OSByteOrder.h>
#include <vm/vm_kern.h>

#if CONFIG_MACF
#include <security/mac_framework.h>
#endif

#if !CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
#define	PANIC_ON_NOAPPLEDOUBLE	1
#endif

#if NAMEDSTREAMS

static int shadow_sequence;

/*
 * We use %p to prevent loss of precision for pointers on varying architectures.
 */

#define SHADOW_NAME_FMT		".vfs_rsrc_stream_%p%08x%p"
#define SHADOW_DIR_FMT		".vfs_rsrc_streams_%p%x"
#define SHADOW_DIR_CONTAINER "/var/run"

#define MAKE_SHADOW_NAME(VP, NAME)  \
	snprintf((NAME), sizeof((NAME)), (SHADOW_NAME_FMT), \
			((void*)(VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM(VP))), \
			(VP)->v_id, \
			((void*)(VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM((VP)->v_data))))

/* The full path to the shadow directory */
#define MAKE_SHADOW_DIRNAME(VP, NAME)	\
	snprintf((NAME), sizeof((NAME)), (SHADOW_DIR_CONTAINER "/" SHADOW_DIR_FMT), \
			((void*)(VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM(VP))), shadow_sequence)

/* The shadow directory as a 'leaf' entry */
#define MAKE_SHADOW_DIR_LEAF(VP, NAME)	\
	snprintf((NAME), sizeof((NAME)), (SHADOW_DIR_FMT), \
			((void*)(VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM(VP))), shadow_sequence)

static int  default_getnamedstream(vnode_t vp, vnode_t *svpp, const char *name, enum nsoperation op, vfs_context_t context);

static int  default_makenamedstream(vnode_t vp, vnode_t *svpp, const char *name, vfs_context_t context);

static int  default_removenamedstream(vnode_t vp, const char *name, vfs_context_t context);

static int  getshadowfile(vnode_t vp, vnode_t *svpp, int makestream, size_t *rsrcsize, int *creator, vfs_context_t context);

static int  get_shadow_dir(vnode_t *sdvpp);

#endif /* NAMEDSTREAMS */

/*
 * Default xattr support routines.
 */

static int default_getxattr(vnode_t vp, const char *name, uio_t uio, size_t *size, int options,
    vfs_context_t context);
static int default_setxattr(vnode_t vp, const char *name, uio_t uio, int options,
    vfs_context_t context);
static int default_listxattr(vnode_t vp, uio_t uio, size_t *size, int options,
    vfs_context_t context);
static int default_removexattr(vnode_t vp, const char *name, int options,
    vfs_context_t context);

/*
 *  Retrieve the data of an extended attribute.
 */
int
vn_getxattr(vnode_t vp, const char *name, uio_t uio, size_t *size,
            int options, vfs_context_t context)
{
	int error;

	if (!XATTR_VNODE_SUPPORTED(vp)) {
		return (EPERM);
	}
#if NAMEDSTREAMS
	/* getxattr calls are not allowed for streams. */
	if (vp->v_flag & VISNAMEDSTREAM) {
		error = EPERM;
		goto out;
	}
#endif
	/*
	 * Non-kernel request need extra checks performed.
	 *
	 * The XATTR_NOSECURITY flag implies a kernel request.
	 */
	if (!(options & XATTR_NOSECURITY)) {
#if CONFIG_MACF
		error = mac_vnode_check_getextattr(context, vp, name, uio);
		if (error)
			goto out;
#endif /* MAC */
		if ((error = xattr_validatename(name))) {
			goto out;
		}
		if ((error = vnode_authorize(vp, NULL, KAUTH_VNODE_READ_EXTATTRIBUTES, context))) {
			goto out;
		}
		/* The offset can only be non-zero for resource forks. */
		if (uio != NULL && uio_offset(uio) != 0 && 
		    bcmp(name, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, sizeof(XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME)) != 0) {
			error = EINVAL;
			goto out;
		}
	}

	/* The offset can only be non-zero for resource forks. */
	if (uio != NULL && uio_offset(uio) != 0 && 
	    bcmp(name, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, sizeof(XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME)) != 0) {
		error = EINVAL;
		goto out;
	}

	error = VNOP_GETXATTR(vp, name, uio, size, options, context);
	if (error == ENOTSUP && !(options & XATTR_NODEFAULT)) {
		/*
		 * A filesystem may keep some EAs natively and return ENOTSUP for others.
		 */
		error = default_getxattr(vp, name, uio, size, options, context);
	}
out:
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Set the data of an extended attribute.
 */
int
vn_setxattr(vnode_t vp, const char *name, uio_t uio, int options, vfs_context_t context)
{
	int error;

	if (!XATTR_VNODE_SUPPORTED(vp)) {
		return (EPERM);
	}
#if NAMEDSTREAMS
	/* setxattr calls are not allowed for streams. */
	if (vp->v_flag & VISNAMEDSTREAM) {
		error = EPERM;
		goto out;
	}
#endif
	if ((options & (XATTR_REPLACE|XATTR_CREATE)) == (XATTR_REPLACE|XATTR_CREATE)) {
		return (EINVAL);
	}
	if ((error = xattr_validatename(name))) {
		return (error);
	}
 	if (!(options & XATTR_NOSECURITY)) {
#if CONFIG_MACF
		error = mac_vnode_check_setextattr(context, vp, name, uio);
		if (error)
			goto out;
#endif /* MAC */
		error = vnode_authorize(vp, NULL, KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES, context);
		if (error)
			goto out;
	}
	/* The offset can only be non-zero for resource forks. */
	if (uio_offset(uio) != 0 && 
	    bcmp(name, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, sizeof(XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME)) != 0 ) {
		error = EINVAL;
		goto out;
	}

	error = VNOP_SETXATTR(vp, name, uio, options, context);
#ifdef DUAL_EAS
	/*
	 * An EJUSTRETURN is from a filesystem which keeps this xattr
	 * natively as well as in a dot-underscore file.  In this case the
	 * EJUSTRETURN means the filesytem has done nothing, but identifies the
	 * EA as one which may be represented natively and/or in a DU, and
	 * since XATTR_CREATE or XATTR_REPLACE was specified, only up here in
	 * in vn_setxattr can we do the getxattrs needed to ascertain whether
	 * the XATTR_{CREATE,REPLACE} should yield an error.
	 */
	if (error == EJUSTRETURN) {
		int native = 0, dufile = 0;
		size_t sz;	/* not used */

		native = VNOP_GETXATTR(vp, name, NULL, &sz, 0, context) ? 0 : 1;
		dufile = default_getxattr(vp, name, NULL, &sz, 0, context) ? 0 : 1;
		if (options & XATTR_CREATE && (native || dufile)) {
			error = EEXIST;
			goto out;
		}
		if (options & XATTR_REPLACE && !(native || dufile)) {
			error = ENOATTR;
			goto out;
		}
		/*
		 * Having determined no CREATE/REPLACE error should result, we
		 * zero those bits, so both backing stores get written to.
		 */
		options &= ~(XATTR_CREATE | XATTR_REPLACE);
		error = VNOP_SETXATTR(vp, name, uio, options, context);
		/* the mainline path here is to have error==ENOTSUP ... */
	}
#endif /* DUAL_EAS */
	if (error == ENOTSUP && !(options & XATTR_NODEFAULT)) {
		/*
		 * A filesystem may keep some EAs natively and return ENOTSUP for others.
		 */
		error = default_setxattr(vp, name, uio, options, context);
	}
#if CONFIG_MACF
	if ((error == 0) && !(options & XATTR_NOSECURITY) &&
	    (vfs_flags(vnode_mount(vp)) & MNT_MULTILABEL))
		mac_vnode_label_update_extattr(vnode_mount(vp), vp, name);
#endif
out:
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Remove an extended attribute.
 */
int
vn_removexattr(vnode_t vp, const char * name, int options, vfs_context_t context)
{
	int error;

	if (!XATTR_VNODE_SUPPORTED(vp)) {
		return (EPERM);
	}
#if NAMEDSTREAMS
	/* removexattr calls are not allowed for streams. */
	if (vp->v_flag & VISNAMEDSTREAM) {
		error = EPERM;
		goto out;
	}
#endif
	if ((error = xattr_validatename(name))) {
		return (error);
	}
	if (!(options & XATTR_NOSECURITY)) {
#if CONFIG_MACF
		error = mac_vnode_check_deleteextattr(context, vp, name);
		if (error)
			goto out;
#endif /* MAC */
		error = vnode_authorize(vp, NULL, KAUTH_VNODE_WRITE_EXTATTRIBUTES, context);
		if (error)
			goto out;
	}
	error = VNOP_REMOVEXATTR(vp, name, options, context);
	if (error == ENOTSUP && !(options & XATTR_NODEFAULT)) {
		/*
		 * A filesystem may keep some EAs natively and return ENOTSUP for others.
		 */
		error = default_removexattr(vp, name, options, context);
#ifdef DUAL_EAS
	} else if (error == EJUSTRETURN) {
		/*
		 * EJUSTRETURN is from a filesystem which keeps this xattr natively as well
		 * as in a dot-underscore file.  EJUSTRETURN means the filesytem did remove
		 * a native xattr, so failure to find it in a DU file during
		 * default_removexattr should not be considered an error.
		 */
		error = default_removexattr(vp, name, options, context);
		if (error == ENOATTR)
			error = 0;
#endif /* DUAL_EAS */
	}
#if CONFIG_MACF
	if ((error == 0) && !(options & XATTR_NOSECURITY) &&
	    (vfs_flags(vnode_mount(vp)) & MNT_MULTILABEL))
		mac_vnode_label_update_extattr(vnode_mount(vp), vp, name);
#endif
out:
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Retrieve the list of extended attribute names.
 */
int
vn_listxattr(vnode_t vp, uio_t uio, size_t *size, int options, vfs_context_t context)
{
	int error;

	if (!XATTR_VNODE_SUPPORTED(vp)) {
		return (EPERM);
	}
#if NAMEDSTREAMS
	/* listxattr calls are not allowed for streams. */
	if (vp->v_flag & VISNAMEDSTREAM) {
		return (EPERM);
	}
#endif

	if (!(options & XATTR_NOSECURITY)) {
#if CONFIG_MACF
		error = mac_vnode_check_listextattr(context, vp);
		if (error)
			goto out;
#endif /* MAC */

		error = vnode_authorize(vp, NULL, KAUTH_VNODE_READ_EXTATTRIBUTES, context);
		if (error)
			goto out;
	}

	error = VNOP_LISTXATTR(vp, uio, size, options, context);
	if (error == ENOTSUP && !(options & XATTR_NODEFAULT)) {
		/*
		 * A filesystem may keep some but not all EAs natively, in which case
		 * the native EA names will have been uiomove-d out (or *size updated)
		 * and the default_listxattr here will finish the job.  
		 */
		error = default_listxattr(vp, uio, size, options, context);
	}
out:
	return (error);
}

int
xattr_validatename(const char *name)
{
	int namelen;

	if (name == NULL || name[0] == '\0') {
		return (EINVAL);
	}
	namelen = strnlen(name, XATTR_MAXNAMELEN);
	if (name[namelen] != '\0') 
		return (ENAMETOOLONG);
	
	if (utf8_validatestr((const unsigned char *)name, namelen) != 0) 
		return (EINVAL);
	
	return (0);
}


/*
 * Determine whether an EA is a protected system attribute.
 */
int
xattr_protected(const char *attrname)
{
	return(!strncmp(attrname, "com.apple.system.", 17));
}


#if NAMEDSTREAMS

/*
 * Obtain a named stream from vnode vp.
 */
errno_t
vnode_getnamedstream(vnode_t vp, vnode_t *svpp, const char *name, enum nsoperation op, int flags, vfs_context_t context)
{
	int error;

	if (vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_NAMED_STREAMS)
		error = VNOP_GETNAMEDSTREAM(vp, svpp, name, op, flags, context);
	else
		error = default_getnamedstream(vp, svpp, name, op, context);

	if (error == 0) {
		uint32_t streamflags = VISNAMEDSTREAM;
		vnode_t svp = *svpp;

		if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_NAMED_STREAMS) == 0) {
			streamflags |= VISSHADOW;
		}
		
		/* Tag the vnode. */
		vnode_lock_spin(svp);
		svp->v_flag |= streamflags;
		vnode_unlock(svp);

		/* Tag the parent so we know to flush credentials for streams on setattr */
		vnode_lock_spin(vp);
		vp->v_lflag |= VL_HASSTREAMS;
		vnode_unlock(vp);

		/* Make the file it's parent.  
		 * Note:  This parent link helps us distinguish vnodes for 
		 * shadow stream files from vnodes for resource fork on file 
		 * systems that support namedstream natively (both have 
		 * VISNAMEDSTREAM set) by allowing access to mount structure 
		 * for checking MNTK_NAMED_STREAMS bit at many places in the 
		 * code.
		 */
		vnode_update_identity(svp, vp, NULL, 0, 0, VNODE_UPDATE_PARENT);
	}		

	return (error);
}

/*
 * Make a named stream for vnode vp.
 */
errno_t 
vnode_makenamedstream(vnode_t vp, vnode_t *svpp, const char *name, int flags, vfs_context_t context)
{
	int error;

	if (vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_NAMED_STREAMS)
		error = VNOP_MAKENAMEDSTREAM(vp, svpp, name, flags, context);
	else
		error = default_makenamedstream(vp, svpp, name, context);

	if (error == 0) {
		uint32_t streamflags = VISNAMEDSTREAM;
		vnode_t svp = *svpp;

		/* Tag the vnode. */
		if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_NAMED_STREAMS) == 0) {
			streamflags |= VISSHADOW;
		}
		
		/* Tag the vnode. */
		vnode_lock_spin(svp);
		svp->v_flag |= streamflags;
		vnode_unlock(svp);

		/* Tag the parent so we know to flush credentials for streams on setattr */
		vnode_lock_spin(vp);
		vp->v_lflag |= VL_HASSTREAMS;
		vnode_unlock(vp);

		/* Make the file it's parent.
		 * Note:  This parent link helps us distinguish vnodes for 
		 * shadow stream files from vnodes for resource fork on file 
		 * systems that support namedstream natively (both have 
		 * VISNAMEDSTREAM set) by allowing access to mount structure 
		 * for checking MNTK_NAMED_STREAMS bit at many places in the 
		 * code.
		 */
		vnode_update_identity(svp, vp, NULL, 0, 0, VNODE_UPDATE_PARENT);
	}
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Remove a named stream from vnode vp.
 */
errno_t 
vnode_removenamedstream(vnode_t vp, vnode_t svp, const char *name, int flags, vfs_context_t context)
{
	int error;

	if (vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_NAMED_STREAMS)
		error = VNOP_REMOVENAMEDSTREAM(vp, svp, name, flags, context);
	else
		error = default_removenamedstream(vp, name, context);

	return (error);
}

#define NS_IOBUFSIZE  (128 * 1024)

/*
 * Release a named stream shadow file.
 *
 * Note: This function is called from two places where we do not need 
 * to check if the vnode has any references held before deleting the 
 * shadow file.  Once from vclean() when the vnode is being reclaimed 
 * and we do not hold any references on the vnode.  Second time from 
 * default_getnamedstream() when we get an error during shadow stream 
 * file initialization so that other processes who are waiting for the 
 * shadow stream file initialization by the creator will get opportunity 
 * to create and initialize the file again.
 */
errno_t
vnode_relenamedstream(vnode_t vp, vnode_t svp) {
	vnode_t dvp;
	struct componentname cn;
	char tmpname[80];
	errno_t err;
	
	/* 
	 * We need to use the kernel context here.  If we used the supplied
	 * VFS context we have no clue whether or not it originated from userland
	 * where it could be subject to a chroot jail.  We need to ensure that all
	 * filesystem access to shadow files is done on the same FS regardless of
	 * userland process restrictions.
	 */
	vfs_context_t kernelctx = vfs_context_kernel();

	cache_purge(svp);

	vnode_lock(svp);
	MAKE_SHADOW_NAME(vp, tmpname);
	vnode_unlock(svp);

	cn.cn_nameiop = DELETE;
	cn.cn_flags = ISLASTCN;
	cn.cn_context = kernelctx;
	cn.cn_pnbuf = tmpname;
	cn.cn_pnlen = sizeof(tmpname);
	cn.cn_nameptr = cn.cn_pnbuf;
	cn.cn_namelen = strlen(tmpname);

	/* 
	 * Obtain the vnode for the shadow files directory.  Make sure to 
	 * use the kernel ctx as described above.
	 */
	err = get_shadow_dir(&dvp);
	if (err != 0) {
		return err;
	}

	(void) VNOP_REMOVE(dvp, svp, &cn, 0, kernelctx);
	vnode_put(dvp);

	return (0);
}

/*
 * Flush a named stream shadow file.
 * 
 * 'vp' represents the AppleDouble file.
 * 'svp' represents the shadow file.
 */
errno_t 
vnode_flushnamedstream(vnode_t vp, vnode_t svp, vfs_context_t context)
{
	struct vnode_attr va;
	uio_t auio = NULL;
	caddr_t  bufptr = NULL;
	size_t  bufsize = 0;
	size_t  offset;
	size_t  iosize;
	size_t datasize;
	int error;
	/* 
	 * The kernel context must be used for all I/O to the shadow file 
	 * and its namespace operations
	 */
	vfs_context_t kernelctx = vfs_context_kernel();

	/* The supplied context is used for access to the AD file itself */

	VATTR_INIT(&va);
	VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_data_size);
	if (VNOP_GETATTR(svp, &va, context) != 0  ||
		!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_data_size)) {
		return (0);
	}
	datasize = va.va_data_size;
	if (datasize == 0) {
		(void) default_removexattr(vp, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, 0, context);
		return (0);
	}

	iosize = bufsize = MIN(datasize, NS_IOBUFSIZE);
	if (kmem_alloc(kernel_map, (vm_offset_t *)&bufptr, bufsize)) {
		return (ENOMEM);
	}
	auio = uio_create(1, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
	offset = 0;

	/*
	 * Copy the shadow stream file data into the resource fork.
	 */
	error = VNOP_OPEN(svp, 0, kernelctx);
	if (error) {
		printf("vnode_flushnamedstream: err %d opening file\n", error);
		goto out;
	}
	while (offset < datasize) {
		iosize = MIN(datasize - offset, iosize);

		uio_reset(auio, offset, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
		uio_addiov(auio, (uintptr_t)bufptr, iosize);
		error = VNOP_READ(svp, auio, 0, kernelctx);
		if (error) {
			break;
		}
		/* Since there's no truncate xattr we must remove the resource fork. */
		if (offset == 0) {
			error = default_removexattr(vp, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, 0, context);
			if ((error != 0) && (error != ENOATTR)) {
				break;
			}
		}
		uio_reset(auio, offset, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_WRITE);
		uio_addiov(auio, (uintptr_t)bufptr, iosize);
		error = vn_setxattr(vp, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, auio, XATTR_NOSECURITY, context);
		if (error) {
			break;
		}
		offset += iosize;
	}

	/* close shadowfile */
	(void) VNOP_CLOSE(svp, 0, kernelctx);
out:
	if (bufptr) {
		kmem_free(kernel_map, (vm_offset_t)bufptr, bufsize);
	}
	if (auio) {
		uio_free(auio);
	}
	return (error);
}


/* 
 * Verify that the vnode 'vp' is a vnode that lives in the shadow
 * directory.  We can't just query the parent pointer directly since
 * the shadowfile is hooked up to the actual file it's a stream for.
 */
errno_t vnode_verifynamedstream(vnode_t vp) {
	int error;
	struct vnode *shadow_dvp = NULL;
	struct vnode *shadowfile = NULL;
	struct componentname cn;
	
	/* 
	 * We need to use the kernel context here.  If we used the supplied
	 * VFS context we have no clue whether or not it originated from userland
	 * where it could be subject to a chroot jail.  We need to ensure that all
	 * filesystem access to shadow files is done on the same FS regardless of
	 * userland process restrictions.
	 */
	vfs_context_t kernelctx = vfs_context_kernel();
	char tmpname[80];
	

	/* Get the shadow directory vnode */
	error = get_shadow_dir(&shadow_dvp);
	if (error) {
		return error;
	}

	/* Re-generate the shadow name in the buffer */
	MAKE_SHADOW_NAME (vp, tmpname);

	/* Look up item in shadow dir */
	bzero(&cn, sizeof(cn));
	cn.cn_nameiop = LOOKUP;
	cn.cn_flags = ISLASTCN | CN_ALLOWRSRCFORK;
	cn.cn_context = kernelctx;
	cn.cn_pnbuf = tmpname;
	cn.cn_pnlen = sizeof(tmpname);
	cn.cn_nameptr = cn.cn_pnbuf;
	cn.cn_namelen = strlen(tmpname);

	if (VNOP_LOOKUP (shadow_dvp, &shadowfile, &cn, kernelctx) == 0) {
		/* is the pointer the same? */
		if (shadowfile == vp) {
			error = 0;	
		}
		else {
			error = EPERM;
		}
		/* drop the iocount acquired */
		vnode_put (shadowfile);
	}	

	/* Drop iocount on shadow dir */
	vnode_put (shadow_dvp);
	return error;
}	

/* 
 * Access or create the shadow file as needed. 
 * 
 * 'makestream' with non-zero value means that we need to guarantee we were the
 * creator of the shadow file.
 *
 * 'context' is the user supplied context for the original VFS operation that
 * caused us to need a shadow file.
 *
 * int pointed to by 'creator' is nonzero if we created the shadowfile.
 */
static int
getshadowfile(vnode_t vp, vnode_t *svpp, int makestream, size_t *rsrcsize,
              int *creator, vfs_context_t context)
{
	vnode_t  dvp = NULLVP;
	vnode_t  svp = NULLVP;
	struct componentname cn;
	struct vnode_attr va;
	char tmpname[80];
	size_t datasize = 0;
	int  error = 0;
	int retries = 0;
	vfs_context_t kernelctx = vfs_context_kernel();

retry_create:
	*creator = 0;
	/* Establish a unique file name. */
	MAKE_SHADOW_NAME(vp, tmpname);
	bzero(&cn, sizeof(cn));
	cn.cn_nameiop = LOOKUP;
	cn.cn_flags = ISLASTCN;
	cn.cn_context = context;
	cn.cn_pnbuf = tmpname;
	cn.cn_pnlen = sizeof(tmpname);
	cn.cn_nameptr = cn.cn_pnbuf;
	cn.cn_namelen = strlen(tmpname);

	/* Pick up uid, gid, mode and date from original file. */
	VATTR_INIT(&va);
	VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_uid);
	VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_gid);
	VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_mode);
	VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_create_time);
	VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_modify_time);
	if (VNOP_GETATTR(vp, &va, context) != 0  ||
		!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_uid)  ||
		!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_gid)  ||
		!VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_mode)) {
		va.va_uid = KAUTH_UID_NONE;
		va.va_gid = KAUTH_GID_NONE;
		va.va_mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
	}
	va.va_vaflags = VA_EXCLUSIVE;
	VATTR_SET(&va, va_type, VREG);
	/* We no longer change the access, but we still hide it. */
	VATTR_SET(&va, va_flags, UF_HIDDEN);

	/* Obtain the vnode for the shadow files directory. */
	if (get_shadow_dir(&dvp) != 0) {
		error = ENOTDIR;
		goto out;
	}
	if (!makestream) {
		/* See if someone else already has it open. */
		if (VNOP_LOOKUP(dvp, &svp, &cn, kernelctx) == 0) {
			/* Double check existence by asking for size. */
			VATTR_INIT(&va);
			VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_data_size);
			if (VNOP_GETATTR(svp, &va, context) == 0  &&
			    VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_data_size)) {
				goto out;  /* OK to use. */
			}
		}
		
		/* 
		 * Otherwise make sure the resource fork data exists. 
		 * Use the supplied context for accessing the AD file.
		 */
		error = vn_getxattr(vp, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, NULL, &datasize,
		                    XATTR_NOSECURITY, context);
		/*
		 * To maintain binary compatibility with legacy Carbon
		 * emulated resource fork support, if the resource fork
		 * doesn't exist but the Finder Info does,  then act as
		 * if an empty resource fork is present (see 4724359).
		 */
		if ((error == ENOATTR) &&
		    (vn_getxattr(vp, XATTR_FINDERINFO_NAME, NULL, &datasize,
		                 XATTR_NOSECURITY, context) == 0)) {
			datasize = 0;
			error = 0;
		} else {
			if (error) {
				goto out;
			}
	
			/* If the resource fork exists, its size is expected to be non-zero. */
			if (datasize == 0) {
				error = ENOATTR;
				goto out;
			}
		}
	}
	/* Create the shadow stream file. */
	error = VNOP_CREATE(dvp, &svp, &cn, &va, kernelctx);
	if (error == 0) {
		vnode_recycle(svp);
		*creator = 1;
	} 
	else if ((error == EEXIST) && !makestream) {
		error = VNOP_LOOKUP(dvp, &svp, &cn, kernelctx);
	}
	else if ((error == ENOENT) && !makestream) {
		/*
		 * We could have raced with a rmdir on the shadow directory
		 * post-lookup.  Retry from the beginning, 1x only, to
		 * try and see if we need to re-create the shadow directory	
		 * in get_shadow_dir.
		 */
		if (retries == 0) {
			retries++;
			if (dvp) {
				vnode_put (dvp);
				dvp = NULLVP;
			}
			if (svp) {
				vnode_put (svp);
				svp = NULLVP;
			}
			goto retry_create;
		}
		/* Otherwise, just error out normally below */
	}
	
out:
	if (dvp) {
		vnode_put(dvp);
	}
	if (error) {
		/* On errors, clean up shadow stream file. */
		if (svp) {
			vnode_put(svp);
			svp = NULLVP;
		}
	}
	*svpp = svp;
	if (rsrcsize) {
		*rsrcsize = datasize;
	}
	return (error);
}


static int
default_getnamedstream(vnode_t vp, vnode_t *svpp, const char *name, enum nsoperation op, vfs_context_t context)
{
	vnode_t  svp = NULLVP;
	uio_t auio = NULL;
	caddr_t  bufptr = NULL;
	size_t  bufsize = 0;
	size_t  datasize = 0;
	int  creator;
	int  error;

	/* need the kernel context for accessing the shadowfile */
	vfs_context_t kernelctx = vfs_context_kernel();

	/*
	 * Only the "com.apple.ResourceFork" stream is supported here.
	 */
	if (bcmp(name, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, sizeof(XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME)) != 0) {
		*svpp = NULLVP;
		return (ENOATTR);
	}
retry:
	/*
	 * Obtain a shadow file for the resource fork I/O.
	 * 
	 * Need to pass along the supplied context so that getshadowfile
	 * can access the AD file as needed, using it.
	 */
	error = getshadowfile(vp, &svp, 0, &datasize, &creator, context);
	if (error) {
		*svpp = NULLVP;
		return (error);
	}

	/*
	 * The creator of the shadow file provides its file data,
	 * all other threads should wait until its ready.  In order to 
	 * prevent a deadlock during error codepaths, we need to check if the
	 * vnode is being created, or if it has failed out. Regardless of success or 
	 * failure, we set the VISSHADOW bit on the vnode, so we check that
	 * if the vnode's flags don't have VISNAMEDSTREAM set.  If it doesn't,
	 * then we can infer the creator isn't done yet.  If it's there, but
	 * VISNAMEDSTREAM is not set, then we can infer it errored out and we should
	 * try again.
	 */
	if (!creator) {
		vnode_lock(svp);
		if (svp->v_flag & VISNAMEDSTREAM) {
			/* data is ready, go use it */
			vnode_unlock(svp);
			goto out;
		} else {
			/* It's not ready, wait for it (sleep using v_parent as channel) */
			if ((svp->v_flag & VISSHADOW)) {
				/* 
				 * No VISNAMEDSTREAM, but we did see VISSHADOW, indicating that the other
				 * thread is done with this vnode. Just unlock the vnode and try again
				 */
				vnode_unlock(svp);
			}	
			else {
				/* Otherwise, sleep if the shadow file is not created yet */
				msleep((caddr_t)&svp->v_parent, &svp->v_lock, PINOD | PDROP,
						"getnamedstream", NULL);
			}
			vnode_put(svp);
			svp = NULLVP;
			goto retry;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Copy the real resource fork data into shadow stream file.
	 */
	if (op == NS_OPEN && datasize != 0) {
		size_t  offset;
        	size_t  iosize;

		iosize = bufsize = MIN(datasize, NS_IOBUFSIZE);
		if (kmem_alloc(kernel_map, (vm_offset_t *)&bufptr, bufsize)) {
			error = ENOMEM;
			goto out;
		}

		auio = uio_create(1, 0, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
		offset = 0;

		/* open the shadow file */
		error = VNOP_OPEN(svp, 0, kernelctx);
		if (error) {
			goto out;
		}
		while (offset < datasize) {
			size_t	tmpsize;

			iosize = MIN(datasize - offset, iosize);

			uio_reset(auio, offset, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_READ);
			uio_addiov(auio, (uintptr_t)bufptr, iosize);
			/* use supplied ctx for AD file */
			error = vn_getxattr(vp, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, auio, &tmpsize,
			                    XATTR_NOSECURITY, context);
			if (error) {
				break;
			}
		
			uio_reset(auio, offset, UIO_SYSSPACE, UIO_WRITE);
			uio_addiov(auio, (uintptr_t)bufptr, iosize);
			/* kernel context for writing shadowfile */
			error = VNOP_WRITE(svp, auio, 0, kernelctx);
			if (error) {
				break;
			}
			offset += iosize;
		}

		/* close shadow file */
		(void) VNOP_CLOSE(svp, 0, kernelctx);
	}
out:
	/* Wake up anyone waiting for svp file content */
	if (creator) {
		if (error == 0) {
			vnode_lock(svp);
			/* VISSHADOW would be set later on anyway, so we set it now */
			svp->v_flag |= (VISNAMEDSTREAM | VISSHADOW);
			wakeup((caddr_t)&svp->v_parent);
			vnode_unlock(svp);
		} else {
			/* On post create errors, get rid of the shadow file.  This 
			 * way if there is another process waiting for initialization 
			 * of the shadowfile by the current process will wake up and 
			 * retry by creating and initializing the shadow file again.
			 * Also add the VISSHADOW bit here to indicate we're done operating
			 * on this vnode.
			 */
			(void)vnode_relenamedstream(vp, svp);
			vnode_lock (svp);
			svp->v_flag |= VISSHADOW;
			wakeup((caddr_t)&svp->v_parent);
			vnode_unlock(svp);
		}
	}

	if (bufptr) {
		kmem_free(kernel_map, (vm_offset_t)bufptr, bufsize);
	}
	if (auio) {
		uio_free(auio);
	}
	if (error) {
		/* On errors, clean up shadow stream file. */
		if (svp) {
			vnode_put(svp);
			svp = NULLVP;
		}
	}
	*svpp = svp;
	return (error);
}

static int
default_makenamedstream(vnode_t vp, vnode_t *svpp, const char *name, vfs_context_t context)
{
	int creator;
	int error;

	/*
	 * Only the "com.apple.ResourceFork" stream is supported here.
	 */
	if (bcmp(name, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, sizeof(XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME)) != 0) {
		*svpp = NULLVP;
		return (ENOATTR);
	}

	/* Supply the context to getshadowfile so it can manipulate the AD file */
	error = getshadowfile(vp, svpp, 1, NULL, &creator, context);

	/*
	 * Wake up any waiters over in default_getnamedstream().
	 */
	if ((error == 0) && (*svpp != NULL) && creator) {
		vnode_t svp = *svpp;

		vnode_lock(svp);
		/* If we're the creator, mark it as a named stream */
		svp->v_flag |= (VISNAMEDSTREAM | VISSHADOW);
		/* Wakeup any waiters on the v_parent channel */
		wakeup((caddr_t)&svp->v_parent);
		vnode_unlock(svp);

	}

	return (error);
}

static int 
default_removenamedstream(vnode_t vp, const char *name, vfs_context_t context)
{
	/*
	 * Only the "com.apple.ResourceFork" stream is supported here.
	 */
	if (bcmp(name, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, sizeof(XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME)) != 0) {
		return (ENOATTR);
	}
	/*
	 * XXX - what about other opened instances?
	 */
	return default_removexattr(vp, XATTR_RESOURCEFORK_NAME, 0, context);
}

static int
get_shadow_dir(vnode_t *sdvpp) {
	vnode_t  dvp = NULLVP;
	vnode_t  sdvp = NULLVP;
	struct componentname  cn;
	struct vnode_attr  va;
	char tmpname[80];
	uint32_t  tmp_fsid;
	int  error;
	vfs_context_t kernelctx = vfs_context_kernel();

	bzero(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname));
	MAKE_SHADOW_DIRNAME(rootvnode, tmpname);
	/* 
	 * Look up the shadow directory to ensure that it still exists. 
	 * By looking it up, we get an iocounted dvp to use, and avoid some coherency issues
	 * in caching it when multiple threads may be trying to manipulate the pointers.
	 * 
	 * Make sure to use the kernel context.  We want a singular view of
	 * the shadow dir regardless of chrooted processes.
	 */
	error = vnode_lookup(tmpname, 0, &sdvp, kernelctx);
	if (error == 0) {
		/*
		 * If we get here, then we have successfully looked up the shadow dir, 
		 * and it has an iocount from the lookup. Return the vp in the output argument.
		 */
		*sdvpp = sdvp;
		return (0);
	}
	/* In the failure case, no iocount is acquired */
	sdvp = NULLVP;
	bzero (tmpname, sizeof(tmpname));

	/* 
	 * Obtain the vnode for "/var/run" directory using the kernel
	 * context.
	 *
	 * This is defined in the SHADOW_DIR_CONTAINER macro
	 */
	if (vnode_lookup(SHADOW_DIR_CONTAINER, 0, &dvp, kernelctx) != 0) {
		error = ENOTSUP;
		goto out;
	}

	/* 
	 * Create the shadow stream directory.
	 * 'dvp' below suggests the parent directory so 
	 * we only need to provide the leaf entry name
	 */
	MAKE_SHADOW_DIR_LEAF(rootvnode, tmpname);
	bzero(&cn, sizeof(cn));
	cn.cn_nameiop = LOOKUP;
	cn.cn_flags = ISLASTCN;
	cn.cn_context = kernelctx;
	cn.cn_pnbuf = tmpname;
	cn.cn_pnlen = sizeof(tmpname);
	cn.cn_nameptr = cn.cn_pnbuf;
	cn.cn_namelen = strlen(tmpname);

	/*
	 * owned by root, only readable by root, hidden
	 */
	VATTR_INIT(&va);
	VATTR_SET(&va, va_uid, 0);
	VATTR_SET(&va, va_gid, 0);
	VATTR_SET(&va, va_mode, S_IRUSR | S_IXUSR);
	VATTR_SET(&va, va_type, VDIR);
	VATTR_SET(&va, va_flags, UF_HIDDEN);
	va.va_vaflags = VA_EXCLUSIVE;

	error = VNOP_MKDIR(dvp, &sdvp, &cn, &va, kernelctx);
	
	/*
	 * There can be only one winner for an exclusive create.
	 */
	if (error == EEXIST) {
		/* loser has to look up directory */
		error = VNOP_LOOKUP(dvp, &sdvp, &cn, kernelctx);
		if (error == 0) {
			/* Make sure its in fact a directory */
			if (sdvp->v_type != VDIR) {
				goto baddir;
			}
			/* Obtain the fsid for /var/run directory */
			VATTR_INIT(&va);
			VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_fsid);
			if (VNOP_GETATTR(dvp, &va, kernelctx) != 0  ||
			    !VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_fsid)) {
				goto baddir;
			}
			tmp_fsid = va.va_fsid;

			VATTR_INIT(&va);
			VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_uid);
			VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_gid);
			VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_mode);
			VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_fsid);
			VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_dirlinkcount);
			VATTR_WANTED(&va, va_acl);
			/* Provide defaults for attrs that may not be supported */
			va.va_dirlinkcount = 1;
			va.va_acl = (kauth_acl_t) KAUTH_FILESEC_NONE;

			if (VNOP_GETATTR(sdvp, &va, kernelctx) != 0  ||
			    !VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_uid)  ||
			    !VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_gid)  ||
			    !VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_mode)  ||
			    !VATTR_IS_SUPPORTED(&va, va_fsid)) {
				goto baddir;
			}
			/*
			 * Make sure its what we want: 
			 * 	- owned by root
			 *	- not writable by anyone
			 *	- on same file system as /var/run
			 *	- not a hard-linked directory
			 *	- no ACLs (they might grant write access)
			 */
			if ((va.va_uid != 0) || (va.va_gid != 0) ||
			    (va.va_mode & (S_IWUSR | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO)) ||
			    (va.va_fsid != tmp_fsid) ||
			    (va.va_dirlinkcount != 1) ||
			     (va.va_acl != (kauth_acl_t) KAUTH_FILESEC_NONE)) {
				goto baddir;
			}
		}
	}
out:
	if (dvp) {
		vnode_put(dvp);
	}
	if (error) {
		/* On errors, clean up shadow stream directory. */
		if (sdvp) {
			vnode_put(sdvp);
			sdvp = NULLVP;
		}
	}
	*sdvpp = sdvp;
	return (error);

baddir:
	/* This is not the dir we're looking for, move along */
	++shadow_sequence;  /* try something else next time */
	error = ENOTDIR;
	goto out;
}
#endif /* NAMEDSTREAMS */


#if CONFIG_APPLEDOUBLE
/*
 * Default Implementation (Non-native EA) 
 */


/*
   Typical "._" AppleDouble Header File layout:
  ------------------------------------------------------------
         MAGIC          0x00051607
         VERSION        0x00020000
         FILLER         0
         COUNT          2
     .-- AD ENTRY[0]    Finder Info Entry (must be first)
  .--+-- AD ENTRY[1]    Resource Fork Entry (must be last)
  |  '-> FINDER INFO
  |      /////////////  Fixed Size Data (32 bytes)
  |      EXT ATTR HDR
  |      /////////////
  |      ATTR ENTRY[0] --.
  |      ATTR ENTRY[1] --+--.
  |      ATTR ENTRY[2] --+--+--.
  |         ...          |  |  |
  |      ATTR ENTRY[N] --+--+--+--.
  |      ATTR DATA 0   <-'  |  |  |
  |      ////////////       |  |  |
  |      ATTR DATA 1   <----'  |  |
  |      /////////////         |  |
  |      ATTR DATA 2   <-------'  |
  |      /////////////            |
  |         ...                   |
  |      ATTR DATA N   <----------'
  |      /////////////
  |                      Attribute Free Space
  |
  '----> RESOURCE FORK
         /////////////   Variable Sized Data
         /////////////
         /////////////
         /////////////
         /////////////
         /////////////
            ...
         /////////////
 
  ------------------------------------------------------------

   NOTE: The EXT ATTR HDR, ATTR ENTRY's and ATTR DATA's are
   stored as part of the Finder Info.  The length in the Finder
   Info AppleDouble entry includes the length of the extended
   attribute header, attribute entries, and attribute data.
*/


/*
 * On Disk Data Structures
 *
 * Note: Motorola 68K alignment and big-endian.
 *
 * See RFC 1740 for additional information about the AppleDouble file format.
 *
 */

#define ADH_MAGIC     0x00051607
#define ADH_VERSION   0x00020000
#define ADH_MACOSX    "Mac OS X        "

/*
 * AppleDouble Entry ID's
 */
#define AD_DATA          1   /* Data fork */
#define AD_RESOURCE      2   /* Resource fork */