]> git.saurik.com Git - apple/system_cmds.git/blobdiff - zic.tproj/zic.c
system_cmds-790.20.2.tar.gz
[apple/system_cmds.git] / zic.tproj / zic.c
index a381bd424bb4a390d91a99ca7653bcb6b5c5e306..75db5befcf76915d1953c5054df0c1c07d60203b 100644 (file)
@@ -1,46 +1,38 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1999 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
- *
- * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
- * 
- * "Portions Copyright (c) 1999 Apple Computer, Inc.  All Rights
- * Reserved.  This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of
- * Original Code as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public
- * Source License Version 1.0 (the 'License').  You may not use this file
- * except in compliance with the License.  Please obtain a copy of the
- * License at http://www.apple.com/publicsource and read it before using
- * this file.
- * 
- * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
- * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
- * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
- * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.  Please see the
- * License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
- * under the License."
- * 
- * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
- */
-#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
-#if 0
-static char    elsieid[] = "@(#)zic.c  7.80";
-#else
-static char rcsid[] = "$OpenBSD: zic.c,v 1.6 1997/01/15 23:40:55 millert Exp $";
-#endif
-#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
+** This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+** 2006-07-17 by Arthur David Olson.
+*/
+
+static const char      elsieid[] = "@(#)zic.c  8.22";
+
+#ifndef lint
+static const char rcsid[] =
+  "$FreeBSD: head/contrib/tzcode/zic/zic.c 214411 2010-10-27 07:14:46Z edwin $";
+#endif /* not lint */
 
 #include "private.h"
-#include "locale.h"
 #include "tzfile.h"
-#ifdef unix
-#include "sys/stat.h"                  /* for umask manifest constants */
-#endif /* defined unix */
+#include <err.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>                  /* for umask manifest constants */
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#define        ZIC_VERSION     '2'
+
+typedef int_fast64_t   zic_t;
+
+#ifndef ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN
+#define ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN       6
+#endif /* !defined ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN */
+
+#define MKDIR_UMASK (S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IXUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IXGRP|S_IROTH|S_IXOTH)
 
 /*
 ** On some ancient hosts, predicates like `isspace(C)' are defined
-** only if isascii(C) || C == EOF.  Modern hosts obey the C Standard,
+** only if isascii(C) || C == EOF. Modern hosts obey the C Standard,
 ** which says they are defined only if C == ((unsigned char) C) || C == EOF.
-** Neither the C Standard nor Posix require that `isascii' exist.
+** Neither the C Standard nor POSIX require that `isascii' exist.
 ** For portability, we check both ancient and modern requirements.
 ** If isascii is not defined, the isascii check succeeds trivially.
 */
@@ -49,6 +41,11 @@ static char rcsid[] = "$OpenBSD: zic.c,v 1.6 1997/01/15 23:40:55 millert Exp $";
 #define isascii(x) 1
 #endif
 
+#define OFFSET_STRLEN_MAXIMUM  (7 + INT_STRLEN_MAXIMUM(long))
+#define RULE_STRLEN_MAXIMUM    8       /* "Mdd.dd.d" */
+
+#define end(cp)        (strchr((cp), '\0'))
+
 struct rule {
        const char *    r_filename;
        int             r_linenum;
@@ -57,6 +54,8 @@ struct rule {
        int             r_loyear;       /* for example, 1986 */
        int             r_hiyear;       /* for example, 1986 */
        const char *    r_yrtype;
+       int             r_lowasnum;
+       int             r_hiwasnum;
 
        int             r_month;        /* 0..11 */
 
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@ struct rule {
        const char *    r_abbrvar;      /* variable part of abbreviation */
 
        int             r_todo;         /* a rule to do (used in outzone) */
-       time_t          r_temp;         /* used in outzone */
+       zic_t           r_temp;         /* used in outzone */
 };
 
 /*
@@ -99,85 +98,84 @@ struct zone {
        int             z_nrules;
 
        struct rule     z_untilrule;
-       time_t          z_untiltime;
+       zic_t           z_untiltime;
 };
 
-extern int     getopt P((int argc, char * const argv[],
-                       const char * options));
-extern char *  icatalloc P((char * old, const char * new));
-extern char *  icpyalloc P((const char * string));
-extern void    ifree P((char * p));
-extern char *  imalloc P((int n));
-extern void *  irealloc P((void * old, int n));
-extern int     link P((const char * fromname, const char * toname));
-extern char *  optarg;
-extern int     optind;
-extern char *  scheck P((const char * string, const char * format));
-
-static void    addtt P((time_t starttime, int type));
-static int     addtype P((long gmtoff, const char * abbr, int isdst,
-                               int ttisstd, int ttisgmt));
-static void    leapadd P((time_t t, int positive, int rolling, int count));
-static void    adjleap P((void));
-static void    associate P((void));
-static int     ciequal P((const char * ap, const char * bp));
-static void    convert P((long val, char * buf));
-static void    dolink P((const char * fromfile, const char * tofile));
-static void    doabbr P((char * abbr, const char * format,
-                       const char * letters, int isdst));
-static void    eat P((const char * name, int num));
-static void    eats P((const char * name, int num,
-                       const char * rname, int rnum));
-static long    eitol P((int i));
-static void    error P((const char * message));
-static char ** getfields P((char * buf));
-static long    gethms P((const char * string, const char * errstrng,
-                       int signable));
-static void    infile P((const char * filename));
-static void    inleap P((char ** fields, int nfields));
-static void    inlink P((char ** fields, int nfields));
-static void    inrule P((char ** fields, int nfields));
-static int     inzcont P((char ** fields, int nfields));
-static int     inzone P((char ** fields, int nfields));
-static int     inzsub P((char ** fields, int nfields, int iscont));
-static int     itsabbr P((const char * abbr, const char * word));
-static int     itsdir P((const char * name));
-static int     lowerit P((int c));
-static char *  memcheck P((char * tocheck));
-static int     mkdirs P((char * filename));
-static void    newabbr P((const char * abbr));
-static long    oadd P((long t1, long t2));
-static void    outzone P((const struct zone * zp, int ntzones));
-static void    puttzcode P((long code, FILE * fp));
-static int     rcomp P((const void * leftp, const void * rightp));
-static time_t  rpytime P((const struct rule * rp, int wantedy));
-static void    rulesub P((struct rule * rp,
+static void    addtt(zic_t starttime, int type);
+static int     addtype(long gmtoff, const char * abbr, int isdst,
+                               int ttisstd, int ttisgmt);
+static void    leapadd(zic_t t, int positive, int rolling, int count);
+static void    adjleap(void);
+static void    associate(void);
+static int     ciequal(const char * ap, const char * bp);
+static void    convert(long val, char * buf);
+static void    convert64(zic_t val, char * buf);
+static void    dolink(const char * fromfield, const char * tofield);
+static void    doabbr(char * abbr, const char * format,
+                       const char * letters, int isdst, int doquotes);
+static void    eat(const char * name, int num);
+static void    eats(const char * name, int num,
+                       const char * rname, int rnum);
+static long    eitol(int i);
+static void    error(const char * message);
+static char ** getfields(char * buf);
+static long    gethms(const char * string, const char * errstrng,
+                       int signable);
+static void    infile(const char * filename);
+static void    inleap(char ** fields, int nfields);
+static void    inlink(char ** fields, int nfields);
+static void    inrule(char ** fields, int nfields);
+static int     inzcont(char ** fields, int nfields);
+static int     inzone(char ** fields, int nfields);
+static int     inzsub(char ** fields, int nfields, int iscont);
+static int     is32(zic_t x);
+static int     itsabbr(const char * abbr, const char * word);
+static int     itsdir(const char * name);
+static int     lowerit(int c);
+static char *  memcheck(char * tocheck);
+static int     mkdirs(char * filename);
+static void    newabbr(const char * abbr);
+static long    oadd(long t1, long t2);
+static void    outzone(const struct zone * zp, int ntzones);
+static void    puttzcode(long code, FILE * fp);
+static void    puttzcode64(zic_t code, FILE * fp);
+static int     rcomp(const void * leftp, const void * rightp);
+static zic_t   rpytime(const struct rule * rp, int wantedy);
+static void    rulesub(struct rule * rp,
                        const char * loyearp, const char * hiyearp,
                        const char * typep, const char * monthp,
-                       const char * dayp, const char * timep));
-static void    setboundaries P((void));
-static time_t  tadd P((time_t t1, long t2));
-static void    usage P((void));
-static void    writezone P((const char * name));
-static int     yearistype P((int year, const char * type));
-
-#if !(HAVE_STRERROR - 0)
-static char *  strerror P((int));
-#endif /* !(HAVE_STRERROR - 0) */
+                       const char * dayp, const char * timep);
+static int     stringoffset(char * result, long offset);
+static int     stringrule(char * result, const struct rule * rp,
+                       long dstoff, long gmtoff);
+static void    stringzone(char * result,
+                       const struct zone * zp, int ntzones);
+static void    setboundaries(void);
+static void    setgroup(gid_t *flag, const char *name);
+static void    setuser(uid_t *flag, const char *name);
+static zic_t   tadd(zic_t t1, long t2);
+static void    usage(FILE *stream, int status);
+static void    writezone(const char * name, const char * string);
+static int     yearistype(int year, const char * type);
 
 static int             charcnt;
 static int             errors;
 static const char *    filename;
 static int             leapcnt;
+static int             leapseen;
+static int             leapminyear;
+static int             leapmaxyear;
 static int             linenum;
-static time_t          max_time;
+static int             max_abbrvar_len;
+static int             max_format_len;
+static zic_t           max_time;
 static int             max_year;
-static time_t          min_time;
+static zic_t           min_time;
 static int             min_year;
+static zic_t           min_time;
 static int             noise;
 static const char *    rfilename;
 static int             rlinenum;
-static const char *    progname;
 static int             timecnt;
 static int             typecnt;
 
@@ -283,8 +281,8 @@ struct lookup {
        const int       l_value;
 };
 
-static struct lookup const *   byword P((const char * string,
-                                       const struct lookup * lp));
+static struct lookup const *   byword(const char * string,
+                                       const struct lookup * lp);
 
 static struct lookup const     line_codes[] = {
        { "Rule",       LC_RULE },
@@ -361,7 +359,7 @@ static const int    len_years[2] = {
 };
 
 static struct attype {
-       time_t          at;
+       zic_t           at;
        unsigned char   type;
 }                      attypes[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
 static long            gmtoffs[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
@@ -370,7 +368,7 @@ static unsigned char        abbrinds[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
 static char            ttisstds[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
 static char            ttisgmts[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
 static char            chars[TZ_MAX_CHARS];
-static time_t          trans[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
+static zic_t           trans[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
 static long            corr[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
 static char            roll[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
 
@@ -382,13 +380,8 @@ static char *
 memcheck(ptr)
 char * const   ptr;
 {
-       if (ptr == NULL) {
-               const char *e = strerror(errno);
-
-               (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Memory exhausted: %s\n"),
-                       progname, e);
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-       }
+       if (ptr == NULL)
+               errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("memory exhausted"));
        return ptr;
 }
 
@@ -401,19 +394,6 @@ char * const       ptr;
 ** Error handling.
 */
 
-#if !(HAVE_STRERROR - 0)
-static char *
-strerror(errnum)
-int    errnum;
-{
-       extern char *   sys_errlist[];
-       extern int      sys_nerr;
-
-       return (errnum > 0 && errnum <= sys_nerr) ?
-               sys_errlist[errnum] : "Unknown system error";
-}
-#endif /* !(HAVE_STRERROR - 0) */
-
 static void
 eats(name, num, rname, rnum)
 const char * const     name;
@@ -459,19 +439,22 @@ const char * const        string;
 {
        char *  cp;
 
-       cp = ecpyalloc("warning: ");
+       cp = ecpyalloc(_("warning: "));
        cp = ecatalloc(cp, string);
-       error(string);
+       error(cp);
        ifree(cp);
        --errors;
 }
 
 static void
-usage P((void))
-{
-       (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: usage is %s [ -s ] [ -v ] [ -l localtime ] [ -p posixrules ] [ -d directory ]\n\t[ -L leapseconds ] [ -y yearistype ] [ filename ... ]\n"),
-               progname, progname);
-       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+usage(FILE *stream, int status)
+  {
+       (void) fprintf(stream, _("usage is zic \
+[ --version ] [--help] [ -v ] [ -l localtime ] [ -p posixrules ] \\\n\
+\t[ -d directory ] [ -L leapseconds ] [ -y yearistype ] [ filename ... ]\n\
+\n\
+Report bugs to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov.\n"));
+       exit(status);
 }
 
 static const char *    psxrules;
@@ -479,7 +462,11 @@ static const char *        lcltime;
 static const char *    directory;
 static const char *    leapsec;
 static const char *    yitcommand;
-static int             sflag = FALSE;
+static int             Dflag;
+static uid_t           uflag = (uid_t)-1;
+static gid_t           gflag = (gid_t)-1;
+static mode_t          mflag = (S_IRUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH
+                                | S_IWUSR);
 
 int
 main(argc, argv)
@@ -493,77 +480,91 @@ char *    argv[];
 #ifdef unix
        (void) umask(umask(S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH) | (S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH));
 #endif /* defined unix */
-#if HAVE_GETTEXT - 0
-       (void) setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
+#if HAVE_GETTEXT
+       (void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
 #ifdef TZ_DOMAINDIR
        (void) bindtextdomain(TZ_DOMAIN, TZ_DOMAINDIR);
 #endif /* defined TEXTDOMAINDIR */
        (void) textdomain(TZ_DOMAIN);
-#endif /* HAVE_GETTEXT - 0 */
-       progname = argv[0];
-       while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "d:l:p:L:vsy:")) != -1)
+#endif /* HAVE_GETTEXT */
+       if (TYPE_BIT(zic_t) < 64) {
+               (void) fprintf(stderr, "zic: %s\n",
+                       _("wild compilation-time specification of zic_t"));
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+       }
+       for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
+               if (strcmp(argv[i], "--version") == 0) {
+                       errx(EXIT_SUCCESS, "%s", elsieid);
+               } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--help") == 0) {
+                       usage(stdout, EXIT_SUCCESS);
+               }
+       while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Dd:g:l:m:p:L:u:vsy:")) != -1)
                switch (c) {
                        default:
-                               usage();
+                               usage(stderr, EXIT_FAILURE);
+                       case 'D':
+                               Dflag = 1;
+                               break;
                        case 'd':
                                if (directory == NULL)
                                        directory = optarg;
-                               else {
-                                       (void) fprintf(stderr,
-_("%s: More than one -d option specified\n"),
-                                               progname);
-                                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-                               }
+                               else
+                                       errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
+_("more than one -d option specified"));
+                               break;
+                       case 'g':
+                               setgroup(&gflag, optarg);
                                break;
                        case 'l':
                                if (lcltime == NULL)
                                        lcltime = optarg;
-                               else {
-                                       (void) fprintf(stderr,
-_("%s: More than one -l option specified\n"),
-                                               progname);
-                                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-                               }
+                               else
+                                       errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
+_("more than one -l option specified"));
                                break;
+                       case 'm':
+                       {
+                               void *set = setmode(optarg);
+                               if (set == NULL)
+                                       errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
+_("invalid file mode"));
+                               mflag = getmode(set, mflag);
+                               free(set);
+                               break;
+                       }
                        case 'p':
                                if (psxrules == NULL)
                                        psxrules = optarg;
-                               else {
-                                       (void) fprintf(stderr,
-_("%s: More than one -p option specified\n"),
-                                               progname);
-                                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-                               }
+                               else
+                                       errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
+_("more than one -p option specified"));
+                               break;
+                       case 'u':
+                               setuser(&uflag, optarg);
                                break;
                        case 'y':
                                if (yitcommand == NULL)
                                        yitcommand = optarg;
-                               else {
-                                       (void) fprintf(stderr,
-_("%s: More than one -y option specified\n"),
-                                               progname);
-                                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-                               }
+                               else
+                                       errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
+_("more than one -y option specified"));
                                break;
                        case 'L':
                                if (leapsec == NULL)
                                        leapsec = optarg;
-                               else {
-                                       (void) fprintf(stderr,
-_("%s: More than one -L option specified\n"),
-                                               progname);
-                                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-                               }
+                               else
+                                       errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
+_("more than one -L option specified"));
                                break;
                        case 'v':
                                noise = TRUE;
                                break;
                        case 's':
-                               sflag = TRUE;
+                               (void) printf("zic: -s ignored\n");
                                break;
                }
        if (optind == argc - 1 && strcmp(argv[optind], "=") == 0)
-               usage();        /* usage message by request */
+               usage(stderr, EXIT_FAILURE);    /* usage message by request */
        if (directory == NULL)
                directory = TZDIR;
        if (yitcommand == NULL)
@@ -579,7 +580,7 @@ _("%s: More than one -L option specified\n"),
        for (i = optind; i < argc; ++i)
                infile(argv[i]);
        if (errors)
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        associate();
        for (i = 0; i < nzones; i = j) {
                /*
@@ -592,36 +593,47 @@ _("%s: More than one -L option specified\n"),
        /*
        ** Make links.
        */
-       for (i = 0; i < nlinks; ++i)
+       for (i = 0; i < nlinks; ++i) {
+               eat(links[i].l_filename, links[i].l_linenum);
                dolink(links[i].l_from, links[i].l_to);
-       if (lcltime != NULL)
+               if (noise)
+                       for (j = 0; j < nlinks; ++j)
+                               if (strcmp(links[i].l_to,
+                                       links[j].l_from) == 0)
+                                               warning(_("link to link"));
+       }
+       if (lcltime != NULL) {
+               eat("command line", 1);
                dolink(lcltime, TZDEFAULT);
-       if (psxrules != NULL)
+       }
+       if (psxrules != NULL) {
+               eat("command line", 1);
                dolink(psxrules, TZDEFRULES);
+       }
        return (errors == 0) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
 }
 
 static void
-dolink(fromfile, tofile)
-const char * const     fromfile;
-const char * const     tofile;
+dolink(fromfield, tofield)
+const char * const     fromfield;
+const char * const     tofield;
 {
        register char * fromname;
        register char * toname;
 
-       if (fromfile[0] == '/')
-               fromname = ecpyalloc(fromfile);
+       if (fromfield[0] == '/')
+               fromname = ecpyalloc(fromfield);
        else {
                fromname = ecpyalloc(directory);
                fromname = ecatalloc(fromname, "/");
-               fromname = ecatalloc(fromname, fromfile);
+               fromname = ecatalloc(fromname, fromfield);
        }
-       if (tofile[0] == '/')
-               toname = ecpyalloc(tofile);
+       if (tofield[0] == '/')
+               toname = ecpyalloc(tofield);
        else {
                toname = ecpyalloc(directory);
                toname = ecatalloc(toname, "/");
-               toname = ecatalloc(toname, tofile);
+               toname = ecatalloc(toname, tofield);
        }
        /*
        ** We get to be careful here since
@@ -630,56 +642,53 @@ const char * const        tofile;
        if (!itsdir(toname))
                (void) remove(toname);
        if (link(fromname, toname) != 0) {
+               int     result;
+
                if (mkdirs(toname) != 0)
-                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-               if (link(fromname, toname) != 0) {
-                       const char *e = strerror(errno);
-
-                       (void) fprintf(stderr,
-                               _("%s: Can't link from %s to %s: %s\n"),
-                               progname, fromname, toname, e);
-                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+
+               result = link(fromname, toname);
+#if HAVE_SYMLINK
+               if (result != 0 &&
+                       access(fromname, F_OK) == 0 &&
+                       !itsdir(fromname)) {
+                               const char *s = tofield;
+                               register char * symlinkcontents = NULL;
+                               while ((s = strchr(s+1, '/')) != NULL)
+                                       symlinkcontents =
+                                               ecatalloc(symlinkcontents,
+                                               "../");
+                               symlinkcontents =
+                                       ecatalloc(symlinkcontents,
+                                       fromname);
+                               result =
+                                       symlink(symlinkcontents,
+                                       toname);
+                               if (result == 0)
+warning(_("hard link failed, symbolic link used"));
+                               ifree(symlinkcontents);
+               }
+#endif /* HAVE_SYMLINK */
+               if (result != 0) {
+                       err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("can't link from %s to %s"),
+                           fromname, toname);
                }
        }
        ifree(fromname);
        ifree(toname);
 }
 
-#ifndef INT_MAX
-#define INT_MAX        ((int) (((unsigned)~0)>>1))
-#endif /* !defined INT_MAX */
-
-#ifndef INT_MIN
-#define INT_MIN        ((int) ~(((unsigned)~0)>>1))
-#endif /* !defined INT_MIN */
-
-/*
-** The tz file format currently allows at most 32-bit quantities.
-** This restriction should be removed before signed 32-bit values
-** wrap around in 2038, but unfortunately this will require a
-** change to the tz file format.
-*/
-
-#define MAX_BITS_IN_FILE       32
-#define TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE    ((TYPE_BIT(time_t) < MAX_BITS_IN_FILE) ? TYPE_BIT(time_t) : MAX_BITS_IN_FILE)
+#define TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE    64
 
 static void
-setboundaries P((void))
+setboundaries (void)
 {
-       if (TYPE_SIGNED(time_t)) {
-               min_time = ~ (time_t) 0;
-               min_time <<= TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE - 1;
-               max_time = ~ (time_t) 0 - min_time;
-               if (sflag)
-                       min_time = 0;
-       } else {
-               min_time = 0;
-               max_time = 2 - sflag;
-               max_time <<= TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE - 1;
-               --max_time;
-       }
-       min_year = TM_YEAR_BASE + gmtime(&min_time)->tm_year;
-       max_year = TM_YEAR_BASE + gmtime(&max_time)->tm_year;
+       register int    i;
+
+       min_time = -1;
+       for (i = 0; i < TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE - 1; ++i)
+               min_time *= 2;
+       max_time = -(min_time + 1);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -714,7 +723,7 @@ const void *        cp2;
 }
 
 static void
-associate P((void))
+associate(void)
 {
        register struct zone *  zp;
        register struct rule *  rp;
@@ -776,7 +785,7 @@ associate P((void))
                        */
                        eat(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum);
                        zp->z_stdoff = gethms(zp->z_rule, _("unruly zone"),
-                                             TRUE);
+                               TRUE);
                        /*
                        ** Note, though, that if there's no rule,
                        ** a '%s' in the format is a bad thing.
@@ -786,7 +795,7 @@ associate P((void))
                }
        }
        if (errors)
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -805,13 +814,8 @@ const char *       name;
        if (strcmp(name, "-") == 0) {
                name = _("standard input");
                fp = stdin;
-       } else if ((fp = fopen(name, "r")) == NULL) {
-               const char *e = strerror(errno);
-
-               (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Can't open %s: %s\n"),
-                       progname, name, e);
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-       }
+       } else if ((fp = fopen(name, "r")) == NULL)
+               err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("can't open %s"), name);
        wantcont = FALSE;
        for (num = 1; ; ++num) {
                eat(name, num);
@@ -820,7 +824,7 @@ const char *        name;
                cp = strchr(buf, '\n');
                if (cp == NULL) {
                        error(_("line too long"));
-                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                *cp = '\0';
                fields = getfields(buf);
@@ -854,33 +858,22 @@ const char *      name;
                                        break;
                                case LC_LEAP:
                                        if (name != leapsec)
-                                               (void) fprintf(stderr,
-_("%s: Leap line in non leap seconds file %s\n"),
-                                                       progname, name);
+                                               warnx(
+_("leap line in non leap seconds file %s"), name);
                                        else    inleap(fields, nfields);
                                        wantcont = FALSE;
                                        break;
                                default:        /* "cannot happen" */
-                                       (void) fprintf(stderr,
-_("%s: panic: Invalid l_value %d\n"),
-                                               progname, lp->l_value);
-                                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                                       errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
+_("panic: invalid l_value %d"), lp->l_value);
                        }
                }
                ifree((char *) fields);
        }
-       if (ferror(fp)) {
-               (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Error reading %s\n"),
-                       progname, filename);
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-       }
-       if (fp != stdin && fclose(fp)) {
-               const char *e = strerror(errno);
-
-               (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Error closing %s: %s\n"),
-                       progname, filename, e);
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-       }
+       if (ferror(fp))
+               errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("error reading %s"), filename);
+       if (fp != stdin && fclose(fp))
+               err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("error closing %s"), filename);
        if (wantcont)
                error(_("expected continuation line not found"));
 }
@@ -899,7 +892,8 @@ const char *                string;
 const char * const     errstring;
 const int              signable;
 {
-       int     hh, mm, ss, sign;
+       long    hh;
+       int     mm, ss, sign;
 
        if (string == NULL || *string == '\0')
                return 0;
@@ -909,24 +903,32 @@ const int         signable;
                sign = -1;
                ++string;
        } else  sign = 1;
-       if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%d"), &hh) == 1)
+       if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%ld"), &hh) == 1)
                mm = ss = 0;
-       else if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%d:%d"), &hh, &mm) == 2)
+       else if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%ld:%d"), &hh, &mm) == 2)
                ss = 0;
-       else if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%d:%d:%d"),
+       else if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%ld:%d:%d"),
                &hh, &mm, &ss) != 3) {
                        error(errstring);
                        return 0;
        }
-       if (hh < 0 || hh >= HOURSPERDAY ||
+       if (hh < 0 ||
                mm < 0 || mm >= MINSPERHOUR ||
                ss < 0 || ss > SECSPERMIN) {
                        error(errstring);
                        return 0;
        }
-       return eitol(sign) *
-               (eitol(hh * MINSPERHOUR + mm) *
-               eitol(SECSPERMIN) + eitol(ss));
+       if (LONG_MAX / SECSPERHOUR < hh) {
+               error(_("time overflow"));
+               return 0;
+       }
+       if (noise && hh == HOURSPERDAY && mm == 0 && ss == 0)
+               warning(_("24:00 not handled by pre-1998 versions of zic"));
+       if (noise && (hh > HOURSPERDAY ||
+               (hh == HOURSPERDAY && (mm != 0 || ss != 0))))
+warning(_("values over 24 hours not handled by pre-2007 versions of zic"));
+       return oadd(eitol(sign) * hh * eitol(SECSPERHOUR),
+                   eitol(sign) * (eitol(mm) * eitol(SECSPERMIN) + eitol(ss)));
 }
 
 static void
@@ -951,6 +953,8 @@ const int           nfields;
                fields[RF_MONTH], fields[RF_DAY], fields[RF_TOD]);
        r.r_name = ecpyalloc(fields[RF_NAME]);
        r.r_abbrvar = ecpyalloc(fields[RF_ABBRVAR]);
+       if (max_abbrvar_len < strlen(r.r_abbrvar))
+               max_abbrvar_len = strlen(r.r_abbrvar);
        rules = (struct rule *) (void *) erealloc((char *) rules,
                (int) ((nrules + 1) * sizeof *rules));
        rules[nrules++] = r;
@@ -1047,7 +1051,7 @@ const int         iscont;
        }
        z.z_filename = filename;
        z.z_linenum = linenum;
-       z.z_gmtoff = gethms(fields[i_gmtoff], _("invalid GMT offset"), TRUE);
+       z.z_gmtoff = gethms(fields[i_gmtoff], _("invalid UTC offset"), TRUE);
        if ((cp = strchr(fields[i_format], '%')) != 0) {
                if (*++cp != 's' || strchr(cp, '%') != 0) {
                        error(_("invalid abbreviation format"));
@@ -1056,6 +1060,8 @@ const int         iscont;
        }
        z.z_rule = ecpyalloc(fields[i_rule]);
        z.z_format = ecpyalloc(fields[i_format]);
+       if (max_format_len < strlen(z.z_format))
+               max_format_len = strlen(z.z_format);
        hasuntil = nfields > i_untilyear;
        if (hasuntil) {
                z.z_untilrule.r_filename = filename;
@@ -1076,7 +1082,9 @@ const int         iscont;
                        zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime > min_time &&
                        zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime < max_time &&
                        zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime >= z.z_untiltime) {
-                               error(_("Zone continuation line end time is not after end time of previous line"));
+                               error(_(
+"Zone continuation line end time is not after end time of previous line"
+                                       ));
                                return FALSE;
                }
        }
@@ -1100,7 +1108,7 @@ const int         nfields;
        register int                    i, j;
        int                             year, month, day;
        long                            dayoff, tod;
-       time_t                          t;
+       zic_t                           t;
 
        if (nfields != LEAP_FIELDS) {
                error(_("wrong number of fields on Leap line"));
@@ -1109,12 +1117,17 @@ const int               nfields;
        dayoff = 0;
        cp = fields[LP_YEAR];
        if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &year) != 1) {
-                       /*
-                        * Leapin' Lizards!
-                        */
-                       error(_("invalid leaping year"));
-                       return;
+               /*
+               ** Leapin' Lizards!
+               */
+               error(_("invalid leaping year"));
+               return;
        }
+       if (!leapseen || leapmaxyear < year)
+               leapmaxyear = year;
+       if (!leapseen || leapminyear > year)
+               leapminyear = year;
+       leapseen = TRUE;
        j = EPOCH_YEAR;
        while (j != year) {
                if (year > j) {
@@ -1144,18 +1157,19 @@ const int               nfields;
                        return;
        }
        dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(day - 1));
-       if (dayoff < 0 && !TYPE_SIGNED(time_t)) {
+       if (dayoff < 0 && !TYPE_SIGNED(zic_t)) {
                error(_("time before zero"));
                return;
        }
-       t = (time_t) dayoff * SECSPERDAY;
-       /*
-       ** Cheap overflow check.
-       */
-       if (t / SECSPERDAY != dayoff) {
-               error(_("time overflow"));
+       if (dayoff < min_time / SECSPERDAY) {
+               error(_("time too small"));
+               return;
+       }
+       if (dayoff > max_time / SECSPERDAY) {
+               error(_("time too large"));
                return;
        }
+       t = (zic_t) dayoff * SECSPERDAY;
        tod = gethms(fields[LP_TIME], _("invalid time of day"), FALSE);
        cp = fields[LP_CORR];
        {
@@ -1179,7 +1193,9 @@ const int         nfields;
                        return;
                }
                if ((lp = byword(fields[LP_ROLL], leap_types)) == NULL) {
-                       error(_("illegal Rolling/Stationary field on Leap line"));
+                       error(_(
+                               "illegal Rolling/Stationary field on Leap line"
+                               ));
                        return;
                }
                leapadd(tadd(t, tod), positive, lp->l_value, count);
@@ -1249,6 +1265,7 @@ const char * const                timep;
                                rp->r_todisstd = FALSE;
                                rp->r_todisgmt = FALSE;
                                *ep = '\0';
+                               break;
                        case 'g':       /* Greenwich */
                        case 'u':       /* Universal */
                        case 'z':       /* Zulu */
@@ -1265,7 +1282,8 @@ const char * const                timep;
        */
        cp = loyearp;
        lp = byword(cp, begin_years);
-       if (lp != NULL) switch ((int) lp->l_value) {
+       rp->r_lowasnum = lp == NULL;
+       if (!rp->r_lowasnum) switch ((int) lp->l_value) {
                case YR_MINIMUM:
                        rp->r_loyear = INT_MIN;
                        break;
@@ -1273,16 +1291,16 @@ const char * const              timep;
                        rp->r_loyear = INT_MAX;
                        break;
                default:        /* "cannot happen" */
-                       (void) fprintf(stderr,
-                               _("%s: panic: Invalid l_value %d\n"),
-                               progname, lp->l_value);
-                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                       errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
+                               _("panic: invalid l_value %d"), lp->l_value);
        } else if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &rp->r_loyear) != 1) {
                error(_("invalid starting year"));
                return;
        }
        cp = hiyearp;
-       if ((lp = byword(cp, end_years)) != NULL) switch ((int) lp->l_value) {
+       lp = byword(cp, end_years);
+       rp->r_hiwasnum = lp == NULL;
+       if (!rp->r_hiwasnum) switch ((int) lp->l_value) {
                case YR_MINIMUM:
                        rp->r_hiyear = INT_MIN;
                        break;
@@ -1293,10 +1311,8 @@ const char * const               timep;
                        rp->r_hiyear = rp->r_loyear;
                        break;
                default:        /* "cannot happen" */
-                       (void) fprintf(stderr,
-                               _("%s: panic: Invalid l_value %d\n"),
-                               progname, lp->l_value);
-                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                       errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
+                               _("panic: invalid l_value %d"), lp->l_value);
        } else if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &rp->r_hiyear) != 1) {
                error(_("invalid ending year"));
                return;
@@ -1367,12 +1383,24 @@ const long      val;
 char * const   buf;
 {
        register int    i;
-       register long   shift;
+       register int    shift;
 
        for (i = 0, shift = 24; i < 4; ++i, shift -= 8)
                buf[i] = val >> shift;
 }
 
+static void
+convert64(val, buf)
+const zic_t    val;
+char * const   buf;
+{
+       register int    i;
+       register int    shift;
+
+       for (i = 0, shift = 56; i < 8; ++i, shift -= 8)
+               buf[i] = val >> shift;
+}
+
 static void
 puttzcode(val, fp)
 const long     val;
@@ -1384,28 +1412,50 @@ FILE * const    fp;
        (void) fwrite((void *) buf, (size_t) sizeof buf, (size_t) 1, fp);
 }
 
+static void
+puttzcode64(val, fp)
+const zic_t    val;
+FILE * const   fp;
+{
+       char    buf[8];
+
+       convert64(val, buf);
+       (void) fwrite((void *) buf, (size_t) sizeof buf, (size_t) 1, fp);
+}
+
 static int
 atcomp(avp, bvp)
-void * avp;
-void * bvp;
+const void *   avp;
+const void *   bvp;
 {
-       if (((struct attype *) avp)->at < ((struct attype *) bvp)->at)
-               return -1;
-       else if (((struct attype *) avp)->at > ((struct attype *) bvp)->at)
-               return 1;
-       else    return 0;
+       const zic_t     a = ((const struct attype *) avp)->at;
+       const zic_t     b = ((const struct attype *) bvp)->at;
+
+       return (a < b) ? -1 : (a > b);
+}
+
+static int
+is32(x)
+const zic_t    x;
+{
+       return INT32_MIN <= x && x <= INT32_MAX;
 }
 
 static void
-writezone(name)
+writezone(name, string)
 const char * const     name;
+const char * const     string;
 {
-       register FILE *         fp;
-       register int            i, j;
-       static char *           fullname;
-       static struct tzhead    tzh;
-       time_t                  ats[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
-       unsigned char           types[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
+       register FILE *                 fp;
+       register int                    i, j;
+       register int                    leapcnt32, leapi32;
+       register int                    timecnt32, timei32;
+       register int                    pass;
+       static char *                   fullname;
+       static const struct tzhead      tzh0;
+       static struct tzhead            tzh;
+       zic_t                           ats[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
+       unsigned char                   types[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
 
        /*
        ** Sort.
@@ -1422,18 +1472,19 @@ const char * const      name;
 
                toi = 0;
                fromi = 0;
+               while (fromi < timecnt && attypes[fromi].at < min_time)
+                       ++fromi;
                if (isdsts[0] == 0)
-                       while (attypes[fromi].type == 0)
+                       while (fromi < timecnt && attypes[fromi].type == 0)
                                ++fromi;        /* handled by default rule */
                for ( ; fromi < timecnt; ++fromi) {
-                       if (toi != 0
-                           && ((attypes[fromi].at
-                                + gmtoffs[attypes[toi - 1].type])
-                               <= (attypes[toi - 1].at
-                                   + gmtoffs[toi == 1 ? 0
-                                             : attypes[toi - 2].type]))) {
-                               attypes[toi - 1].type = attypes[fromi].type;
-                               continue;
+                       if (toi != 0 && ((attypes[fromi].at +
+                               gmtoffs[attypes[toi - 1].type]) <=
+                               (attypes[toi - 1].at + gmtoffs[toi == 1 ? 0
+                               : attypes[toi - 2].type]))) {
+                                       attypes[toi - 1].type =
+                                               attypes[fromi].type;
+                                       continue;
                        }
                        if (toi == 0 ||
                                attypes[toi - 1].type != attypes[fromi].type)
@@ -1448,111 +1499,472 @@ const char * const    name;
                ats[i] = attypes[i].at;
                types[i] = attypes[i].type;
        }
-       fullname = erealloc(fullname,
-               (int) (strlen(directory) + 1 + strlen(name) + 1));
-       (void) sprintf(fullname, "%s/%s", directory, name);
        /*
-       ** Remove old file, if any, to snap links.
+       ** Correct for leap seconds.
        */
-       if (!itsdir(fullname) && remove(fullname) != 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
-               const char *e = strerror(errno);
-
-               (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Can't remove %s: %s\n"),
-                       progname, fullname, e);
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-       }
-       if ((fp = fopen(fullname, "wb")) == NULL) {
-               if (mkdirs(fullname) != 0)
-                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-               if ((fp = fopen(fullname, "wb")) == NULL) {
-                       const char *e = strerror(errno);
-
-                       (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Can't create %s: %s\n"),
-                               progname, fullname, e);
-                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-               }
-       }
-       convert(eitol(typecnt), tzh.tzh_ttisgmtcnt);
-       convert(eitol(typecnt), tzh.tzh_ttisstdcnt);
-       convert(eitol(leapcnt), tzh.tzh_leapcnt);
-       convert(eitol(timecnt), tzh.tzh_timecnt);
-       convert(eitol(typecnt), tzh.tzh_typecnt);
-       convert(eitol(charcnt), tzh.tzh_charcnt);
-#define DO(field)      (void) fwrite((void *) tzh.field, (size_t) sizeof tzh.field, (size_t) 1, fp)
-       DO(tzh_reserved);
-       DO(tzh_ttisgmtcnt);
-       DO(tzh_ttisstdcnt);
-       DO(tzh_leapcnt);
-       DO(tzh_timecnt);
-       DO(tzh_typecnt);
-       DO(tzh_charcnt);
-#undef DO
        for (i = 0; i < timecnt; ++i) {
                j = leapcnt;
                while (--j >= 0)
-                       if (ats[i] >= trans[j]) {
+                       if (ats[i] > trans[j] - corr[j]) {
                                ats[i] = tadd(ats[i], corr[j]);
                                break;
                        }
-               puttzcode((long) ats[i], fp);
        }
-       if (timecnt > 0)
-               (void) fwrite((void *) types, (size_t) sizeof types[0],
-                       (size_t) timecnt, fp);
-       for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i) {
-               puttzcode((long) gmtoffs[i], fp);
-               (void) putc(isdsts[i], fp);
-               (void) putc(abbrinds[i], fp);
+       /*
+       ** Figure out 32-bit-limited starts and counts.
+       */
+       timecnt32 = timecnt;
+       timei32 = 0;
+       leapcnt32 = leapcnt;
+       leapi32 = 0;
+       while (timecnt32 > 0 && !is32(ats[timecnt32 - 1]))
+               --timecnt32;
+       while (timecnt32 > 0 && !is32(ats[timei32])) {
+               --timecnt32;
+               ++timei32;
+       }
+       while (leapcnt32 > 0 && !is32(trans[leapcnt32 - 1]))
+               --leapcnt32;
+       while (leapcnt32 > 0 && !is32(trans[leapi32])) {
+               --leapcnt32;
+               ++leapi32;
        }
-       if (charcnt != 0)
-               (void) fwrite((void *) chars, (size_t) sizeof chars[0],
-                       (size_t) charcnt, fp);
-       for (i = 0; i < leapcnt; ++i) {
-               if (roll[i]) {
-                       if (timecnt == 0 || trans[i] < ats[0]) {
-                               j = 0;
-                               while (isdsts[j])
-                                       if (++j >= typecnt) {
-                                               j = 0;
-                                               break;
-                                       }
-                       } else {
-                               j = 1;
-                               while (j < timecnt && trans[i] >= ats[j])
-                                       ++j;
-                               j = types[j - 1];
+       fullname = erealloc(fullname,
+               (int) (strlen(directory) + 1 + strlen(name) + 1));
+       (void) sprintf(fullname, "%s/%s", directory, name);
+
+       /*
+        * Remove old file, if any, to snap links.
+        */
+       if (!itsdir(fullname) && remove(fullname) != 0 && errno != ENOENT)
+               err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("can't remove %s"), fullname);
+
+       if ((fp = fopen(fullname, "wb")) == NULL) {
+               if (mkdirs(fullname) != 0)
+                       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               if ((fp = fopen(fullname, "wb")) == NULL)
+                       err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("can't create %s"), fullname);
+       }
+       for (pass = 1; pass <= 2; ++pass) {
+               register int    thistimei, thistimecnt;
+               register int    thisleapi, thisleapcnt;
+               register int    thistimelim, thisleaplim;
+               int             writetype[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
+               int             typemap[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+               register int    thistypecnt;
+               char            thischars[TZ_MAX_CHARS];
+               char            thischarcnt;
+               int             indmap[TZ_MAX_CHARS];
+
+               if (pass == 1) {
+                       thistimei = timei32;
+                       thistimecnt = timecnt32;
+                       thisleapi = leapi32;
+                       thisleapcnt = leapcnt32;
+               } else {
+                       thistimei = 0;
+                       thistimecnt = timecnt;
+                       thisleapi = 0;
+                       thisleapcnt = leapcnt;
+               }
+               thistimelim = thistimei + thistimecnt;
+               thisleaplim = thisleapi + thisleapcnt;
+               for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+                       writetype[i] = thistimecnt == timecnt;
+               if (thistimecnt == 0) {
+                       /*
+                       ** No transition times fall in the current
+                       ** (32- or 64-bit) window.
+                       */
+                       if (typecnt != 0)
+                               writetype[typecnt - 1] = TRUE;
+               } else {
+                       for (i = thistimei - 1; i < thistimelim; ++i)
+                               if (i >= 0)
+                                       writetype[types[i]] = TRUE;
+                       /*
+                       ** For America/Godthab and Antarctica/Palmer
+                       */
+                       if (thistimei == 0)
+                               writetype[0] = TRUE;
+               }
+#ifndef LEAVE_SOME_PRE_2011_SYSTEMS_IN_THE_LURCH
+               /*
+               ** For some pre-2011 systems: if the last-to-be-written
+               ** standard (or daylight) type has an offset different from the
+               ** most recently used offset,
+               ** append an (unused) copy of the most recently used type
+               ** (to help get global "altzone" and "timezone" variables
+               ** set correctly).
+               */
+               {
+                       register int    mrudst, mrustd, hidst, histd, type;
+
+                       hidst = histd = mrudst = mrustd = -1;
+                       for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i)
+                               if (isdsts[types[i]])
+                                       mrudst = types[i];
+                               else    mrustd = types[i];
+                       for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+                               if (writetype[i]) {
+                                       if (isdsts[i])
+                                               hidst = i;
+                                       else    histd = i;
+                               }
+                       if (hidst >= 0 && mrudst >= 0 && hidst != mrudst &&
+                               gmtoffs[hidst] != gmtoffs[mrudst]) {
+                                       isdsts[mrudst] = -1;
+                                       type = addtype(gmtoffs[mrudst],
+                                               &chars[abbrinds[mrudst]],
+                                               TRUE,
+                                               ttisstds[mrudst],
+                                               ttisgmts[mrudst]);
+                                       isdsts[mrudst] = TRUE;
+                                       writetype[type] = TRUE;
                        }
-                       puttzcode((long) tadd(trans[i], -gmtoffs[j]), fp);
-               } else  puttzcode((long) trans[i], fp);
-               puttzcode((long) corr[i], fp);
-       }
-       for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
-               (void) putc(ttisstds[i], fp);
-       for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
-               (void) putc(ttisgmts[i], fp);
-       if (ferror(fp) || fclose(fp)) {
-               (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Error writing %s\n"),
-                       progname, fullname);
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-       }
+                       if (histd >= 0 && mrustd >= 0 && histd != mrustd &&
+                               gmtoffs[histd] != gmtoffs[mrustd]) {
+                                       isdsts[mrustd] = -1;
+                                       type = addtype(gmtoffs[mrustd],
+                                               &chars[abbrinds[mrustd]],
+                                               FALSE,
+                                               ttisstds[mrustd],
+                                               ttisgmts[mrustd]);
+                                       isdsts[mrustd] = FALSE;
+                                       writetype[type] = TRUE;
+                       }
+               }
+#endif /* !defined LEAVE_SOME_PRE_2011_SYSTEMS_IN_THE_LURCH */
+               thistypecnt = 0;
+               for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+                       typemap[i] = writetype[i] ?  thistypecnt++ : -1;
+               for (i = 0; i < sizeof indmap / sizeof indmap[0]; ++i)
+                       indmap[i] = -1;
+               thischarcnt = 0;
+               for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i) {
+                       register char * thisabbr;
+
+                       if (!writetype[i])
+                               continue;
+                       if (indmap[abbrinds[i]] >= 0)
+                               continue;
+                       thisabbr = &chars[abbrinds[i]];
+                       for (j = 0; j < thischarcnt; ++j)
+                               if (strcmp(&thischars[j], thisabbr) == 0)
+                                       break;
+                       if (j == thischarcnt) {
+                               (void) strcpy(&thischars[(int) thischarcnt],
+                                       thisabbr);
+                               thischarcnt += strlen(thisabbr) + 1;
+                       }
+                       indmap[abbrinds[i]] = j;
+               }
+#define DO(field)      (void) fwrite((void *) tzh.field, \
+                               (size_t) sizeof tzh.field, (size_t) 1, fp)
+               tzh = tzh0;
+               (void) strncpy(tzh.tzh_magic, TZ_MAGIC, sizeof tzh.tzh_magic);
+               tzh.tzh_version[0] = ZIC_VERSION;
+               convert(eitol(thistypecnt), tzh.tzh_ttisgmtcnt);
+               convert(eitol(thistypecnt), tzh.tzh_ttisstdcnt);
+               convert(eitol(thisleapcnt), tzh.tzh_leapcnt);
+               convert(eitol(thistimecnt), tzh.tzh_timecnt);
+               convert(eitol(thistypecnt), tzh.tzh_typecnt);
+               convert(eitol(thischarcnt), tzh.tzh_charcnt);
+               DO(tzh_magic);
+               DO(tzh_version);
+               DO(tzh_reserved);
+               DO(tzh_ttisgmtcnt);
+               DO(tzh_ttisstdcnt);
+               DO(tzh_leapcnt);
+               DO(tzh_timecnt);
+               DO(tzh_typecnt);
+               DO(tzh_charcnt);
+#undef DO
+               for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i)
+                       if (pass == 1)
+                               puttzcode((long) ats[i], fp);
+                       else    puttzcode64(ats[i], fp);
+               for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i) {
+                       unsigned char   uc;
+
+                       uc = typemap[types[i]];
+                       (void) fwrite((void *) &uc,
+                               (size_t) sizeof uc,
+                               (size_t) 1,
+                               fp);
+               }
+               for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+                       if (writetype[i]) {
+                               puttzcode(gmtoffs[i], fp);
+                               (void) putc(isdsts[i], fp);
+                               (void) putc((unsigned char) indmap[abbrinds[i]], fp);
+                       }
+               if (thischarcnt != 0)
+                       (void) fwrite((void *) thischars,
+                               (size_t) sizeof thischars[0],
+                               (size_t) thischarcnt, fp);
+               for (i = thisleapi; i < thisleaplim; ++i) {
+                       register zic_t  todo;
+
+                       if (roll[i]) {
+                               if (timecnt == 0 || trans[i] < ats[0]) {
+                                       j = 0;
+                                       while (isdsts[j])
+                                               if (++j >= typecnt) {
+                                                       j = 0;
+                                                       break;
+                                               }
+                               } else {
+                                       j = 1;
+                                       while (j < timecnt &&
+                                               trans[i] >= ats[j])
+                                                       ++j;
+                                       j = types[j - 1];
+                               }
+                               todo = tadd(trans[i], -gmtoffs[j]);
+                       } else  todo = trans[i];
+                       if (pass == 1)
+                               puttzcode((long) todo, fp);
+                       else    puttzcode64(todo, fp);
+                       puttzcode(corr[i], fp);
+               }
+               for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+                       if (writetype[i])
+                               (void) putc(ttisstds[i], fp);
+               for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+                       if (writetype[i])
+                               (void) putc(ttisgmts[i], fp);
+       }
+       (void) fprintf(fp, "\n%s\n", string);
+       if (ferror(fp) || fclose(fp))
+               errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("error writing %s"), fullname);
+       if (chmod(fullname, mflag) < 0)
+               err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("cannot change mode of %s to %03o"),
+                   fullname, (unsigned)mflag);
+       if ((uflag != (uid_t)-1 || gflag != (gid_t)-1)
+           && chown(fullname, uflag, gflag) < 0)
+               err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("cannot change ownership of %s"), 
+                   fullname);
 }
 
 static void
-doabbr(abbr, format, letters, isdst)
+doabbr(abbr, format, letters, isdst, doquotes)
 char * const           abbr;
 const char * const     format;
 const char * const     letters;
 const int              isdst;
+const int              doquotes;
 {
-       if (strchr(format, '/') == NULL) {
+       register char * cp;
+       register char * slashp;
+       register int    len;
+
+       slashp = strchr(format, '/');
+       if (slashp == NULL) {
                if (letters == NULL)
                        (void) strcpy(abbr, format);
                else    (void) sprintf(abbr, format, letters);
-       } else if (isdst)
-               (void) strcpy(abbr, strchr(format, '/') + 1);
-       else {
-               (void) strcpy(abbr, format);
-               *strchr(abbr, '/') = '\0';
+       } else if (isdst) {
+               (void) strcpy(abbr, slashp + 1);
+       } else {
+               if (slashp > format)
+                       (void) strncpy(abbr, format,
+                               (unsigned) (slashp - format));
+               abbr[slashp - format] = '\0';
+       }
+       if (!doquotes)
+               return;
+       for (cp = abbr; *cp != '\0'; ++cp)
+               if (strchr("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ", *cp) == NULL &&
+                       strchr("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", *cp) == NULL)
+                               break;
+       len = strlen(abbr);
+       if (len > 0 && *cp == '\0')
+               return;
+       abbr[len + 2] = '\0';
+       abbr[len + 1] = '>';
+       for ( ; len > 0; --len)
+               abbr[len] = abbr[len - 1];
+       abbr[0] = '<';
+}
+
+static void
+updateminmax(x)
+const int      x;
+{
+       if (min_year > x)
+               min_year = x;
+       if (max_year < x)
+               max_year = x;
+}
+
+static int
+stringoffset(result, offset)
+char * result;
+long   offset;
+{
+       register int    hours;
+       register int    minutes;
+       register int    seconds;
+
+       result[0] = '\0';
+       if (offset < 0) {
+               (void) strcpy(result, "-");
+               offset = -offset;
+       }
+       seconds = offset % SECSPERMIN;
+       offset /= SECSPERMIN;
+       minutes = offset % MINSPERHOUR;
+       offset /= MINSPERHOUR;
+       hours = offset;
+       if (hours >= HOURSPERDAY) {
+               result[0] = '\0';
+               return -1;
+       }
+       (void) sprintf(end(result), "%d", hours);
+       if (minutes != 0 || seconds != 0) {
+               (void) sprintf(end(result), ":%02d", minutes);
+               if (seconds != 0)
+                       (void) sprintf(end(result), ":%02d", seconds);
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+stringrule(result, rp, dstoff, gmtoff)
+char *                         result;
+const struct rule * const      rp;
+const long                     dstoff;
+const long                     gmtoff;
+{
+       register long   tod;
+
+       result = end(result);
+       if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOM) {
+               register int    month, total;
+
+               if (rp->r_dayofmonth == 29 && rp->r_month == TM_FEBRUARY)
+                       return -1;
+               total = 0;
+               for (month = 0; month < rp->r_month; ++month)
+                       total += len_months[0][month];
+               (void) sprintf(result, "J%d", total + rp->r_dayofmonth);
+       } else {
+               register int    week;
+
+               if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWGEQ) {
+                       week = 1 + rp->r_dayofmonth / DAYSPERWEEK;
+                       if ((week - 1) * DAYSPERWEEK + 1 != rp->r_dayofmonth)
+                               return -1;
+               } else if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWLEQ) {
+                       if (rp->r_dayofmonth == len_months[1][rp->r_month])
+                               week = 5;
+                       else {
+                               week = 1 + rp->r_dayofmonth / DAYSPERWEEK;
+                               if (week * DAYSPERWEEK - 1 != rp->r_dayofmonth)
+                                       return -1;
+                       }
+               } else  return -1;      /* "cannot happen" */
+               (void) sprintf(result, "M%d.%d.%d",
+                       rp->r_month + 1, week, rp->r_wday);
+       }
+       tod = rp->r_tod;
+       if (rp->r_todisgmt)
+               tod += gmtoff;
+       if (rp->r_todisstd && rp->r_stdoff == 0)
+               tod += dstoff;
+       if (tod < 0) {
+               result[0] = '\0';
+               return -1;
+       }
+       if (tod != 2 * SECSPERMIN * MINSPERHOUR) {
+               (void) strcat(result, "/");
+               if (stringoffset(end(result), tod) != 0)
+                       return -1;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+stringzone(result, zpfirst, zonecount)
+char *                         result;
+const struct zone * const      zpfirst;
+const int                      zonecount;
+{
+       register const struct zone *    zp;
+       register struct rule *          rp;
+       register struct rule *          stdrp;
+       register struct rule *          dstrp;
+       register int                    i;
+       register const char *           abbrvar;
+
+       result[0] = '\0';
+       zp = zpfirst + zonecount - 1;
+       stdrp = dstrp = NULL;
+       for (i = 0; i < zp->z_nrules; ++i) {
+               rp = &zp->z_rules[i];
+               if (rp->r_hiwasnum || rp->r_hiyear != INT_MAX)
+                       continue;
+               if (rp->r_yrtype != NULL)
+                       continue;
+               if (rp->r_stdoff == 0) {
+                       if (stdrp == NULL)
+                               stdrp = rp;
+                       else    return;
+               } else {
+                       if (dstrp == NULL)
+                               dstrp = rp;
+                       else    return;
+               }
+       }
+       if (stdrp == NULL && dstrp == NULL) {
+               /*
+               ** There are no rules running through "max".
+               ** Let's find the latest rule.
+               */
+               for (i = 0; i < zp->z_nrules; ++i) {
+                       rp = &zp->z_rules[i];
+                       if (stdrp == NULL || rp->r_hiyear > stdrp->r_hiyear ||
+                               (rp->r_hiyear == stdrp->r_hiyear &&
+                               rp->r_month > stdrp->r_month))
+                                       stdrp = rp;
+               }
+               if (stdrp != NULL && stdrp->r_stdoff != 0)
+                       return; /* We end up in DST (a POSIX no-no). */
+               /*
+               ** Horrid special case: if year is 2037,
+               ** presume this is a zone handled on a year-by-year basis;
+               ** do not try to apply a rule to the zone.
+               */
+               if (stdrp != NULL && stdrp->r_hiyear == 2037)
+                       return;
+       }
+       if (stdrp == NULL && (zp->z_nrules != 0 || zp->z_stdoff != 0))
+               return;
+       abbrvar = (stdrp == NULL) ? "" : stdrp->r_abbrvar;
+       doabbr(result, zp->z_format, abbrvar, FALSE, TRUE);
+       if (stringoffset(end(result), -zp->z_gmtoff) != 0) {
+               result[0] = '\0';
+               return;
+       }
+       if (dstrp == NULL)
+               return;
+       doabbr(end(result), zp->z_format, dstrp->r_abbrvar, TRUE, TRUE);
+       if (dstrp->r_stdoff != SECSPERMIN * MINSPERHOUR)
+               if (stringoffset(end(result),
+                       -(zp->z_gmtoff + dstrp->r_stdoff)) != 0) {
+                               result[0] = '\0';
+                               return;
+               }
+       (void) strcat(result, ",");
+       if (stringrule(result, dstrp, dstrp->r_stdoff, zp->z_gmtoff) != 0) {
+               result[0] = '\0';
+               return;
+       }
+       (void) strcat(result, ",");
+       if (stringrule(result, stdrp, dstrp->r_stdoff, zp->z_gmtoff) != 0) {
+               result[0] = '\0';
+               return;
        }
 }
 
@@ -1565,7 +1977,7 @@ const int                 zonecount;
        register struct rule *          rp;
        register int                    i, j;
        register int                    usestart, useuntil;
-       register time_t                 starttime, untiltime;
+       register zic_t                  starttime, untiltime;
        register long                   gmtoff;
        register long                   stdoff;
        register int                    year;
@@ -1573,8 +1985,17 @@ const int                        zonecount;
        register int                    startttisstd;
        register int                    startttisgmt;
        register int                    type;
-       char                            startbuf[BUFSIZ];
-
+       register char *                 startbuf;
+       register char *                 ab;
+       register char *                 envvar;
+       register int                    max_abbr_len;
+       register int                    max_envvar_len;
+
+       max_abbr_len = 2 + max_format_len + max_abbrvar_len;
+       max_envvar_len = 2 * max_abbr_len + 5 * 9;
+       startbuf = emalloc(max_abbr_len + 1);
+       ab = emalloc(max_abbr_len + 1);
+       envvar = emalloc(max_envvar_len + 1);
        INITIALIZE(untiltime);
        INITIALIZE(starttime);
        /*
@@ -1584,16 +2005,62 @@ const int                       zonecount;
        typecnt = 0;
        charcnt = 0;
        /*
-       ** A guess that may well be corrected later.
-       */
-       stdoff = 0;
-       /*
-       ** Thanks to Earl Chew (earl@dnd.icp.nec.com.au)
+       ** Thanks to Earl Chew
        ** for noting the need to unconditionally initialize startttisstd.
        */
        startttisstd = FALSE;
        startttisgmt = FALSE;
+       min_year = max_year = EPOCH_YEAR;
+       if (leapseen) {
+               updateminmax(leapminyear);
+               updateminmax(leapmaxyear + (leapmaxyear < INT_MAX));
+       }
+       for (i = 0; i < zonecount; ++i) {
+               zp = &zpfirst[i];
+               if (i < zonecount - 1)
+                       updateminmax(zp->z_untilrule.r_loyear);
+               for (j = 0; j < zp->z_nrules; ++j) {
+                       rp = &zp->z_rules[j];
+                       if (rp->r_lowasnum)
+                               updateminmax(rp->r_loyear);
+                       if (rp->r_hiwasnum)
+                               updateminmax(rp->r_hiyear);
+               }
+       }
+       /*
+       ** Generate lots of data if a rule can't cover all future times.
+       */
+       stringzone(envvar, zpfirst, zonecount);
+       if (noise && envvar[0] == '\0') {
+               register char * wp;
+
+wp = ecpyalloc(_("no POSIX environment variable for zone"));
+               wp = ecatalloc(wp, " ");
+               wp = ecatalloc(wp, zpfirst->z_name);
+               warning(wp);
+               ifree(wp);
+       }
+       if (envvar[0] == '\0') {
+               if (min_year >= INT_MIN + YEARSPERREPEAT)
+                       min_year -= YEARSPERREPEAT;
+               else    min_year = INT_MIN;
+               if (max_year <= INT_MAX - YEARSPERREPEAT)
+                       max_year += YEARSPERREPEAT;
+               else    max_year = INT_MAX;
+       }
+       /*
+       ** For the benefit of older systems,
+       ** generate data from 1900 through 2037.
+       */
+       if (min_year > 1900)
+               min_year = 1900;
+       if (max_year < 2037)
+               max_year = 2037;
        for (i = 0; i < zonecount; ++i) {
+               /*
+               ** A guess that may well be corrected later.
+               */
+               stdoff = 0;
                zp = &zpfirst[i];
                usestart = i > 0 && (zp - 1)->z_untiltime > min_time;
                useuntil = i < (zonecount - 1);
@@ -1606,15 +2073,14 @@ const int                       zonecount;
                if (zp->z_nrules == 0) {
                        stdoff = zp->z_stdoff;
                        doabbr(startbuf, zp->z_format,
-                               (char *) NULL, stdoff != 0);
+                               (char *) NULL, stdoff != 0, FALSE);
                        type = addtype(oadd(zp->z_gmtoff, stdoff),
                                startbuf, stdoff != 0, startttisstd,
                                startttisgmt);
                        if (usestart) {
                                addtt(starttime, type);
                                usestart = FALSE;
-                       }
-                       else if (stdoff != 0)
+                       } else if (stdoff != 0)
                                addtt(min_time, type);
                } else for (year = min_year; year <= max_year; ++year) {
                        if (useuntil && year > zp->z_untilrule.r_hiyear)
@@ -1635,14 +2101,13 @@ const int                       zonecount;
                        }
                        for ( ; ; ) {
                                register int    k;
-                               register time_t jtime, ktime;
+                               register zic_t  jtime, ktime;
                                register long   offset;
-                               char            buf[BUFSIZ];
 
                                INITIALIZE(ktime);
                                if (useuntil) {
                                        /*
-                                       ** Turn untiltime into GMT
+                                       ** Turn untiltime into UTC
                                        ** assuming the current gmtoff and
                                        ** stdoff values.
                                        */
@@ -1693,23 +2158,27 @@ const int                       zonecount;
                                                        stdoff);
                                                doabbr(startbuf, zp->z_format,
                                                        rp->r_abbrvar,
-                                                       rp->r_stdoff != 0);
+                                                       rp->r_stdoff != 0,
+                                                       FALSE);
                                                continue;
                                        }
                                        if (*startbuf == '\0' &&
-                                           startoff == oadd(zp->z_gmtoff,
-                                           stdoff)) {
-                                               doabbr(startbuf, zp->z_format,
-                                                       rp->r_abbrvar,
-                                                       rp->r_stdoff != 0);
+                                               startoff == oadd(zp->z_gmtoff,
+                                               stdoff)) {
+                                                       doabbr(startbuf,
+                                                               zp->z_format,
+                                                               rp->r_abbrvar,
+                                                               rp->r_stdoff !=
+                                                               0,
+                                                               FALSE);
                                        }
                                }
                                eats(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum,
                                        rp->r_filename, rp->r_linenum);
-                               doabbr(buf, zp->z_format, rp->r_abbrvar,
-                                       rp->r_stdoff != 0);
+                               doabbr(ab, zp->z_format, rp->r_abbrvar,
+                                       rp->r_stdoff != 0, FALSE);
                                offset = oadd(zp->z_gmtoff, rp->r_stdoff);
-                               type = addtype(offset, buf, rp->r_stdoff != 0,
+                               type = addtype(offset, ab, rp->r_stdoff != 0,
                                        rp->r_todisstd, rp->r_todisgmt);
                                addtt(ktime, type);
                        }
@@ -1742,17 +2211,34 @@ error(_("can't determine time zone abbreviation to use just after until time"));
                                starttime = tadd(starttime, -gmtoff);
                }
        }
-       writezone(zpfirst->z_name);
+       writezone(zpfirst->z_name, envvar);
+       ifree(startbuf);
+       ifree(ab);
+       ifree(envvar);
 }
 
 static void
 addtt(starttime, type)
-const time_t   starttime;
-const int      type;
+const zic_t    starttime;
+int            type;
 {
+       if (starttime <= min_time ||
+               (timecnt == 1 && attypes[0].at < min_time)) {
+               gmtoffs[0] = gmtoffs[type];
+               isdsts[0] = isdsts[type];
+               ttisstds[0] = ttisstds[type];
+               ttisgmts[0] = ttisgmts[type];
+               if (abbrinds[type] != 0)
+                       (void) strcpy(chars, &chars[abbrinds[type]]);
+               abbrinds[0] = 0;
+               charcnt = strlen(chars) + 1;
+               typecnt = 1;
+               timecnt = 0;
+               type = 0;
+       }
        if (timecnt >= TZ_MAX_TIMES) {
                error(_("too many transitions?!"));
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        attypes[timecnt].at = starttime;
        attypes[timecnt].type = type;
@@ -1771,15 +2257,15 @@ const int               ttisgmt;
 
        if (isdst != TRUE && isdst != FALSE) {
                error(_("internal error - addtype called with bad isdst"));
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (ttisstd != TRUE && ttisstd != FALSE) {
                error(_("internal error - addtype called with bad ttisstd"));
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (ttisgmt != TRUE && ttisgmt != FALSE) {
                error(_("internal error - addtype called with bad ttisgmt"));
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        /*
        ** See if there's already an entry for this zone type.
@@ -1798,7 +2284,11 @@ const int                ttisgmt;
        */
        if (typecnt >= TZ_MAX_TYPES) {
                error(_("too many local time types"));
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+       }
+       if (! (-1L - 2147483647L <= gmtoff && gmtoff <= 2147483647L)) {
+               error(_("UTC offset out of range"));
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        gmtoffs[i] = gmtoff;
        isdsts[i] = isdst;
@@ -1817,7 +2307,7 @@ const int         ttisgmt;
 
 static void
 leapadd(t, positive, rolling, count)
-const time_t   t;
+const zic_t    t;
 const int      positive;
 const int      rolling;
 int            count;
@@ -1826,13 +2316,13 @@ int             count;
 
        if (leapcnt + (positive ? count : 1) > TZ_MAX_LEAPS) {
                error(_("too many leap seconds"));
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        for (i = 0; i < leapcnt; ++i)
                if (t <= trans[i]) {
                        if (t == trans[i]) {
                                error(_("repeated leap second moment"));
-                               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                        }
                        break;
                }
@@ -1850,7 +2340,7 @@ int               count;
 }
 
 static void
-adjleap P((void))
+adjleap(void)
 {
        register int    i;
        register long   last = 0;
@@ -1877,15 +2367,16 @@ const char * const      type;
        buf = erealloc(buf, (int) (132 + strlen(yitcommand) + strlen(type)));
        (void) sprintf(buf, "%s %d %s", yitcommand, year, type);
        result = system(buf);
-       if (result == 0)
-               return TRUE;
-       if (result == (1 << 8))
-               return FALSE;
-       error(_("Wild result from command execution"));
-       (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: command was '%s', result was %d\n"),
-               progname, buf, result);
+       if (WIFEXITED(result)) switch (WEXITSTATUS(result)) {
+               case 0:
+                       return TRUE;
+               case 1:
+                       return FALSE;
+       }
+       error(_("wild result from command execution"));
+       warnx(_("command was '%s', result was %d"), buf, result);
        for ( ; ; )
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -1944,10 +2435,11 @@ register const struct lookup * const    table;
        */
        foundlp = NULL;
        for (lp = table; lp->l_word != NULL; ++lp)
-               if (itsabbr(word, lp->l_word))
+               if (itsabbr(word, lp->l_word)) {
                        if (foundlp == NULL)
                                foundlp = lp;
                        else    return NULL;    /* multiple inexact matches */
+               }
        return foundlp;
 }
 
@@ -1965,8 +2457,9 @@ register char *   cp;
                emalloc((int) ((strlen(cp) + 1) * sizeof *array));
        nsubs = 0;
        for ( ; ; ) {
-               while (isascii(*cp) && isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
-                       ++cp;
+               while (isascii((unsigned char) *cp) &&
+                       isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
+                               ++cp;
                if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
                        break;
                array[nsubs++] = dp = cp;
@@ -1976,7 +2469,10 @@ register char *  cp;
                        else while ((*dp = *cp++) != '"')
                                if (*dp != '\0')
                                        ++dp;
-                               else    error(_("Odd number of quotation marks"));
+                               else {
+                                       error(_("odd number of quotation marks"));
+                                       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                               }
                } while (*cp != '\0' && *cp != '#' &&
                        (!isascii(*cp) || !isspace((unsigned char) *cp)));
                if (isascii(*cp) && isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
@@ -1997,17 +2493,17 @@ const long      t2;
        t = t1 + t2;
        if ((t2 > 0 && t <= t1) || (t2 < 0 && t >= t1)) {
                error(_("time overflow"));
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        return t;
 }
 
-static time_t
+static zic_t
 tadd(t1, t2)
-const time_t   t1;
+const zic_t    t1;
 const long     t2;
 {
-       register time_t t;
+       register zic_t  t;
 
        if (t1 == max_time && t2 > 0)
                return max_time;
@@ -2016,7 +2512,7 @@ const long        t2;
        t = t1 + t2;
        if ((t2 > 0 && t <= t1) || (t2 < 0 && t >= t1)) {
                error(_("time overflow"));
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        return t;
 }
@@ -2026,14 +2522,14 @@ const long      t2;
 ** 1970, 00:00 LOCAL time - in that year that the rule refers to.
 */
 
-static time_t
+static zic_t
 rpytime(rp, wantedy)
 register const struct rule * const     rp;
 register const int                     wantedy;
 {
        register int    y, m, i;
        register long   dayoff;                 /* with a nod to Margaret O. */
-       register time_t t;
+       register zic_t  t;
 
        if (wantedy == INT_MIN)
                return min_time;
@@ -2063,7 +2559,7 @@ register const int                        wantedy;
                        --i;
                else {
                        error(_("use of 2/29 in non leap-year"));
-                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
        }
        --i;
@@ -2096,18 +2592,16 @@ register const int                      wantedy;
                                --i;
                        }
                if (i < 0 || i >= len_months[isleap(y)][m]) {
-                       error(_("no day in month matches rule"));
-                       (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                       if (noise)
+                               warning(_("rule goes past start/end of month--\
+will not work with pre-2004 versions of zic"));
                }
        }
-       if (dayoff < 0 && !TYPE_SIGNED(time_t))
+       if (dayoff < min_time / SECSPERDAY)
                return min_time;
-       t = (time_t) dayoff * SECSPERDAY;
-       /*
-       ** Cheap overflow check.
-       */
-       if (t / SECSPERDAY != dayoff)
-               return (dayoff > 0) ? max_time : min_time;
+       if (dayoff > max_time / SECSPERDAY)
+               return max_time;
+       t = (zic_t) dayoff * SECSPERDAY;
        return tadd(t, rp->r_tod);
 }
 
@@ -2117,10 +2611,48 @@ const char * const      string;
 {
        register int    i;
 
+       if (strcmp(string, GRANDPARENTED) != 0) {
+               register const char *   cp;
+               register char *         wp;
+
+               /*
+               ** Want one to ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN alphabetics
+               ** optionally followed by a + or - and a number from 1 to 14.
+               */
+               cp = string;
+               wp = NULL;
+               while (isascii((unsigned char) *cp) &&
+                       isalpha((unsigned char) *cp))
+                               ++cp;
+               if (cp - string == 0)
+wp = _("time zone abbreviation lacks alphabetic at start");
+               if (noise && cp - string > 3)
+wp = _("time zone abbreviation has more than 3 alphabetics");
+               if (cp - string > ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN)
+wp = _("time zone abbreviation has too many alphabetics");
+               if (wp == NULL && (*cp == '+' || *cp == '-')) {
+                       ++cp;
+                       if (isascii((unsigned char) *cp) &&
+                               isdigit((unsigned char) *cp))
+                                       if (*cp++ == '1' &&
+                                               *cp >= '0' && *cp <= '4')
+                                                       ++cp;
+               }
+               if (*cp != '\0')
+wp = _("time zone abbreviation differs from POSIX standard");
+               if (wp != NULL) {
+                       wp = ecpyalloc(wp);
+                       wp = ecatalloc(wp, " (");
+                       wp = ecatalloc(wp, string);
+                       wp = ecatalloc(wp, ")");
+                       warning(wp);
+                       ifree(wp);
+               }
+       }
        i = strlen(string) + 1;
        if (charcnt + i > TZ_MAX_CHARS) {
                error(_("too many, or too long, time zone abbreviations"));
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        (void) strcpy(&chars[charcnt], string);
        charcnt += eitol(i);
@@ -2128,12 +2660,12 @@ const char * const      string;
 
 static int
 mkdirs(argname)
-char * const   argname;
+char *         argname;
 {
        register char * name;
        register char * cp;
 
-       if (argname == NULL || *argname == '\0')
+       if (argname == NULL || *argname == '\0' || Dflag)
                return 0;
        cp = name = ecpyalloc(argname);
        while ((cp = strchr(cp + 1, '/')) != 0) {
@@ -2151,13 +2683,13 @@ char * const    argname;
                if (!itsdir(name)) {
                        /*
                        ** It doesn't seem to exist, so we try to create it.
+                       ** Creation may fail because of the directory being
+                       ** created by some other multiprocessor, so we get
+                       ** to do extra checking.
                        */
-                       if (mkdir(name, 0755) != 0) {
-                               const char *e = strerror(errno);
-
-                               (void) fprintf(stderr,
-                                   _("%s: Can't create directory %s: %s\n"),
-                                   progname, name, e);
+                       if (mkdir(name, MKDIR_UMASK) != 0
+                               && (errno != EEXIST || !itsdir(name))) {
+                               warn(_("can't create directory %s"), name);
                                ifree(name);
                                return -1;
                        }
@@ -2175,15 +2707,64 @@ const int       i;
        long    l;
 
        l = i;
-       if ((i < 0 && l >= 0) || (i == 0 && l != 0) || (i > 0 && l <= 0)) {
-               (void) fprintf(stderr,
-                       _("%s: %d did not sign extend correctly\n"),
-                       progname, i);
-               (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-       }
+       if ((i < 0 && l >= 0) || (i == 0 && l != 0) || (i > 0 && l <= 0))
+               errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("%d did not sign extend correctly"), i);
        return l;
 }
 
+#include <grp.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
+
+static void
+setgroup(flag, name)
+       gid_t *flag;
+       const char *name;
+{
+       struct group *gr;
+
+       if (*flag != (gid_t)-1)
+               errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("multiple -g flags specified"));
+
+       gr = getgrnam(name);
+       if (gr == 0) {
+               char *ep;
+               unsigned long ul;
+
+               ul = strtoul(name, &ep, 10);
+               if (ul == (unsigned long)(gid_t)ul && *ep == '\0') {
+                       *flag = ul;
+                       return;
+               }
+               errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("group `%s' not found"), name);
+       }
+       *flag = gr->gr_gid;
+}
+
+static void
+setuser(flag, name)
+       uid_t *flag;
+       const char *name;
+{
+       struct passwd *pw;
+
+       if (*flag != (gid_t)-1)
+               errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("multiple -u flags specified"));
+
+       pw = getpwnam(name);
+       if (pw == 0) {
+               char *ep;
+               unsigned long ul;
+
+               ul = strtoul(name, &ep, 10);
+               if (ul == (unsigned long)(gid_t)ul && *ep == '\0') {
+                       *flag = ul;
+                       return;
+               }
+               errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("user `%s' not found"), name);
+       }
+       *flag = pw->pw_uid;
+}
+
 /*
-** UNIX was a registered trademark of UNIX System Laboratories in 1993.
+** UNIX was a registered trademark of The Open Group in 2003.
 */