-# $OpenBSD: northamerica,v 1.5 1997/01/14 04:36:54 millert Exp $
-# @(#)northamerica 7.30
+# @(#)northamerica 7.69
# also includes Central America and the Caribbean
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
-# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-08-17):
+# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
-# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude,
-# Oxford University Press (1980).
+# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
###############################################################################
# United States
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
+# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
+# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
+# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
+# His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
+# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
+# in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
+# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
+# His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
+# and the most of the country soon followed suit.
+
# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
# It is the source for the US and Puerto Rico entries below.
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
-# in his whimsical essay ``Turkey vs Eagle, McCauley is my Beagle'' (1784).
+# in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
+# of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
# Not everyone is happy with the results:
#
# I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
# them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
#
# -- Robertson Davies, The Diary of Samuel Marchbanks (1947), XIX, Sunday
+#
+# For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
+# Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
+# Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
+# (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
+#
+# Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
+# However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
+# was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
+# time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
# From Arthur David Olson:
# US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
+# From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
+# Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
+# In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
+# An AltaVista search turned up
+# <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
+# "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
+# Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
+# </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
+
+# From Joseph Gallant <notquite@hotmail.com>, citing
+# George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
+# At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
+# to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
+# never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
+# CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
+# but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
+# of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
+# London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
+# Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
+#
+# ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
+# Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
+# wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
+# Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
+# typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
+# importance."
+#
+# On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
+# microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
+# before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
+# The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
+#
+# He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
Rule US 1967 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule US 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# <a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:h.r.00177:">
+# H.R.177
+# </a> (introduced 1999-01-06) would change April to March in the above rule.
# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
# ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
# Samoa standard time
# The law doesn't give abbreviations.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
-# Shanks uses 1983-10-30, not 1983-11-30, for the 1983 transitions.
-# Go with Shanks.
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
+# Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
+# "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
+# See the file "australasia".
+
+
+# US eastern time, represented by New York
+
+# Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
+# Georgia, southeast Indiana (Clark, Dearborn, Floyd, Harrison, and
+# Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
+# New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
+# Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
+# Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
-# US Eastern time, represented by New York
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-5:00 NYC E%sT 1967
-5:00 US E%sT
-# US Central time, represented by Chicago
+# US central time, represented by Chicago
+
+# Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
+# Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
+# Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
+# (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
+# Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
+# Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
+# Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
+# western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-6:00 US C%sT 1946
-6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
-6:00 US C%sT
+# Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
+Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
+ -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT
-# US Mountain time, represented by Denver
+# US mountain time, represented by Denver
+#
+# Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
+# Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
+# New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon,
+# western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
+# and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
+#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-7:00 US M%sT
# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
+#
+# California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
+# Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties),
+# most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
+#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
# Alaska
# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
-# This was on 1867-10-18. We omit this transition, since we can't represent
-# changes from Julian to Gregorian.
+# This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
+# also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
+# ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
+# the Julian calendar.
+#
+# As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
+# permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
+# (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
+# was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
+# were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
+# it's best to simply use the official transition.
#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Juneau -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
+Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
+ -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
-8:00 - PST 1942
-8:00 US P%sT 1946
-8:00 - PST 1969
-8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
+ -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
-9:00 US AK%sT
-Zone America/Yakutat -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
+Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
+ -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
-9:00 - YST 1942
-9:00 US Y%sT 1946
-9:00 - YST 1969
- -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
+ -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
-9:00 US AK%sT
-Zone America/Anchorage -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
+Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
+ -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
-10:00 - CAT 1942
-10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1946
-10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
-10:00 - AHST 1969
-10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
+ -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
-9:00 US AK%sT
-Zone America/Nome -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
+Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
+ -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
-11:00 - NST 1942
-11:00 US N%sT 1946
-11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
-11:00 - BST 1969
-11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
+ -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
-9:00 US AK%sT
-Zone America/Adak -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
+Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
+ -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
-11:00 - NST 1942
-11:00 US N%sT 1946
-11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
-11:00 - BST 1969
-11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
+ -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
-10:00 US HA%sT
# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
-10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
-10:00 - HST
-Zone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901
- -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome
- -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
- -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
-
# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
# Arizona mostly uses MST.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
+#
+# The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
+# <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
+# Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
+# Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
+# Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
+# time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
+# personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
+# observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
+# Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
+# the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
+# Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
+# mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
+# Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
+#
+# Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
+# Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
+
Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
-7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
- -7:00 - MST 1944 Mar 17 00:01
+ -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
-7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
-7:00 - MST 1967
- -7:00 US M%sT 1968
+ -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
-7:00 - MST
# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
-# notes in private correspondence dated 12/28/87 that "Presently, only the
+# notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
# large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
# tribal nations don't use DST.)
Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
-# Southern Idaho and eastern Oregon switched four weeks late in 1974.
+# Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
+# Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
+# Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
+# Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
+# Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties) and eastern Oregon
+# switched four weeks late in 1974.
+#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
-8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
# Indiana
#
+# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
+# <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
+# What time is it in Indiana?
+# </a> (1999-04-06)
+#
# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
# Indiana generally observes either EST all year, or CST/CDT,
# but areas near Cincinnati and Louisville use those cities' timekeeping
# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
#
# Most of EST-only Indiana last observed DST in 1970.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06), following a tip by Markus Kuhn:
+# Pam Belluck reported in the New York Times (2001-01-31) that the
+# Indiana Legislature is considering a bill to adopt DST statewide.
+# Her article mentioned Vevay, whose post office observes a different
+# time zone from Danner's Hardware across the street.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-5:00 - EST
# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
+# This also includes a part of Indiana immediately adjacent to Louisville.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
-5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
-6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
-5:00 US E%sT
+Link America/Louisville America/Kentucky/Louisville
+#
+# Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky
+#
+# From
+# <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
+# Lake Cumberland LIFE
+# </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
+# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
+# the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
+# the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
+# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
+# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
+# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
+# location in the Central time zone.
+#
+# From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
+# After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
+# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
+# (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
+# The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
+# The final rule was published in the
+# <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
+# Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
+# </a>
+#
+Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1946
+ -6:00 - CST 1968
+ -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 US E%sT
+
+
+# From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
+# Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
+# Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
+# previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
+# Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
+# Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
+# West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
+# Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
+# We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
+# so omit that change for now.
+# See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
+# See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
+# West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
+# 1999-10-31. See the
+# <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
+# Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
+# </a>
+# However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
+# on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
+# hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
# Michigan
#
# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
-# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885 Sep 18,
-# but Howse (p 126) writes that Detroit kept
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
+# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
+# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
+# that Detroit kept
#
# local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
# be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
#
# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
#
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
+# Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
+# one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
+# info, so omit this for now.
+#
# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-6:00 US C%sT
# Navassa
-# uninhabited
-
+# administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
+# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
+# also claimed by Haiti
+# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
+# US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
+# currently uninhabited
+# see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
+# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
+# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
# Old names, for S5 users
################################################################################
-# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1996-11-22):
+# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29):
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is
-# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
-# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
+# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
#
-# Gwillim Law <LAW@encmail.encompass.com> writes that a good source
+# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
#
-# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
-# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
-# I found in the UCLA library.
+# Other sources occasionally used include:
#
-# See the `europe' file for Greenland.
+# Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
+# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
+# which I found in the UCLA library.
+#
+# <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
+# William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
+# </a> (1914-03)
#
-# See the `africa' file for time zone naming and abbreviation conventions.
+# See the `europe' file for Greenland.
# Canada
# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-22):
# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
-# The data for Canada are all from Shanks (1991).
+# Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks.
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
+# <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm">
+# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
+# </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
+# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
+#
+# INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has
+# <a href="http://www.nrc.ca/inms/time/tze.html">
+# information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
+# </a> (updated periodically).
+# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
-Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
-# Newfoundland (except Labrador)
+# Newfoundland (and far southeast Labrador)
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
+# but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
+# southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
+# but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule StJohns 1917 1918 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
-Rule StJohns 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks.
Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks.
Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
-# For 1936-1941 Shanks gives May Mon>=9 and Oct Mon>=2; go with Whitman.
-Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
-# Shanks gives 1942 May 11 - 1945 Sep 30; go with Whitman.
-Rule StJohns 1942 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule StJohns 1942 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 S
-Rule StJohns 1943 only - May 30 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule StJohns 1943 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
-Rule StJohns 1944 only - Jul 10 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule StJohns 1944 only - Sep 2 0:00 0 S
-Rule StJohns 1945 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule StJohns 1945 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S
+# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks.
+Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
+# Whitman gives the following transitions:
+# 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
+# but go with Shanks and assume they used Canadian rules.
# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks.
Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule StJohns 1960 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 2:00 DD
-Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
+# at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
+Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1987 max - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
+Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
+Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
+ -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
+ -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
+ -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
+ -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
-3:30 StJohns N%sT
-
-# east Labrador
+# most of east Labrador
# The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
- -3:30:52 StJohns NST 1919
+ -3:30:52 - NST 1918
+ -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
-3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
-3:30 - NST 1936
+ -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
+ -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
-3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
-4:00 StJohns A%sT
# Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe
# DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo.
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, New Brunswick switches
+# at 00:01 local time. FIXME: verify and create a new Zone for this.
+
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1945 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1946 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1962 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
- -4:00 Halifax A%sT
+ -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
+ -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
+ -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT
Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
-4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
-4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
-4:00 - AST 1972
- -4:00 Halifax A%sT
+ -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT
# Ontario, Quebec
# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
-# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Montreal.
+# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like Toronto,
+# and most of Quebec has been like Montreal.
# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
# Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
+# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
+# [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
+# effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
+# Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
+# have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
+# 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
+# hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
+# only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
+# presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
+# earlier in June).
+#
+# Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
+# Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
+# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
+# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
+# He also writes that the
+# <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
+# Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
+# </a>
+# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
+# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
+# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
+# For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with
+# Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
+# New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
+# CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
+# violation of the official Ontario rules.
+# They also write that Quebec east of the -63 meridian is supposed to
+# observe AST, but residents as far east as Natashquan use EST/EDT,
+# and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
+# We probably need Zones for far east Quebec and for Atikokan,
+# but we don't know when their practices started.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1920 only - Oct 3 2:30 0 S
+Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1921 only - Oct 2 2:30 0 S
Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1922 only - Oct 1 2:30 0 S
Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep Sun>=25 0:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr Sun>=25 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr Sun>=24 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep Sun>=24 0:00 0 S
+# The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
+# Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
+# Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
+# The rules below avoid use of 24:00
+# (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
+Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1957 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+
+Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+# Shanks says 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16" was meant.
+Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
+# Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
+# Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
+# (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
+Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Shanks says Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971, namely on 1971-10-24,
+# but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that he checked the 1971-10-30 issue
+# of the Toronto Star, and it said that DST ended 1971-10-31 as usual.
+Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
+# Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
+# Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
+# operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
+# Saskatchewan, for one year."
+
+# From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
+# Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
+# There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
+# savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
+# before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
+# Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
+# include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
+# savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
+# already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
+# War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
+# months for the remainder of the war years.
+
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
- -5:00 Mont E%sT
+ -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
+ -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
+ -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT
+Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
+ -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
+ -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT
Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
+ -6:00 - CST 1910
+ -5:00 - EST 1942
-5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
-5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
-5:00 - EST 1974
-5:00 Canada E%sT
Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
+ -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
-5:00 Canada E%sT
Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
+ -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
-6:00 Canada C%sT
Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
-Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Winn 1966 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Manitoba switches from
+# DST at 03:00 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
+Rule Winn 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
-6:00 Winn C%sT
# Saskatchewan
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
+# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
+# The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
+# level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
+# elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
+# the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
+# DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
+# presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
+# the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
+# time was noted.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
+# Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
+# City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina.
# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
+# are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
# From W. Jones <jones@skdad.usask.ca> (1992-11-06):
# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
-Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
-Rule Regina 1947 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Regina 1947 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
#
Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
# British Columbia
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver.
-# Dawswon Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
+# Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
-Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
-7:00 - MST
-# Northwest Territories, Yukon
+# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-10-07):
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
# Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
-# Shanks's table for Watson Lake is corrupted, so we have no data there.
# Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org> (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
# * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
# c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
# * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
# Shanks says Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go with Englander.
+# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
+# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
+# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
+# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
+# </a>
+#
+# From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
+# We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
+# to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
+# <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
+# Basic Facts: The New Territory
+# </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
+# and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
+# Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
+# We'll ignore the claim about Coral Harbour for now,
+# since we have no further info.
+
+# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
+# On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
+# Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
+#
+# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
+#
+# First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
+# Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
+#
+# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
+#
+# Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
+#
+# This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
+# No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
+# change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
+# really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
+# They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
+# so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
+# The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
+# their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
+# the current state of affairs.
+
+# From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
+# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
+# Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
+# Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
+# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
+# for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
+# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
+# for these potential new Zones.
+#
+# The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
+# handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
+# zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
+# Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
+# Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
+# Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
+# required to use daylight savings.
+
+# From
+# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
+# Nunavut now has two time zones
+# </a> (2000-11-10):
+# The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
+# Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
+# one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
+# At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
+# Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
+# the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
+# central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
+# mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
+# unified time zone in 1999.
+#
+# From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
+# The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
+# Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
+
+# From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
+# The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
+# that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
+# back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
+# cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
+# has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
+# checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
+# more.
+# [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
-Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884
- -4:00 NT_YK A%sT
-Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay
- -5:00 NT_YK E%sT
+ -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT
+Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987
+ -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT
Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884
- -6:00 NT_YK C%sT
+ -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT
+Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884
+ -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
+ -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
+ -7:00 Canada M%sT
Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884
-7:00 NT_YK M%sT
Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884
# Mexico
-# From Guy Harris:
-# Rules are from the Official Airline Guide, Worldwide Edition, for 1987.
-# Rules prior to 1987 are unknown.
-# The comments in the OAG say "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and Tijuana
-# observe DST." This is presumably Baja California Norte, above 28th parallel,
-# as listed there; [there is also] "Baja California Sur and N. Pacific
-# Coast (States of Sinaloa and Sonora)."
-
-# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
-# The Federal District (where Mexico City is) has observed [DST] several
-# times but not recently.
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
+# The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
+# Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
+# <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
+# history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
+# </a>.
#
-# I don't where to drawn the line in the North Baja area. 28th latitude
-# sounds good -- but it may be higher (how far [d]o radio stations from
-# San Diego affect culture?).
-#
-# The dates of DST probably go back to 1981. The rules are the same as
-# US's. This is going to be a headache for US presidential electi[o]n years!
-
-# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13)
-# Since the 1981 starting date is only "probable," we'll keep the 1987
-# starting date below.
-
-# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
-# MEXICO BAJA CAL N 7 H BEHIND UTC BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR AND
-# MEXICO BAJA CAL N N. PACIFIC COAST (STATES
-# MEXICO BAJA CAL N OF SINALOA AND SONORA)
-# MEXICO BAJA CAL N 8 H BEHIND UTC ABOVE 28TH PARALLEL APR 3
-# MEXICO BAJA CAL N - OCT 29
-# MEXICO BAJA CAL N 7 H BEHIND UTC ABOVE 28TH PARALLEL APR 3
-# MEXICO BAJA CAL N - 0CT 29
-# MEXICO 6 H BEHIND UTC STATES OF DURANGO,
-# MEXICO COAHUILA, NUEVO LEON,
-# MEXICO TAMAULIPAS
-# MEXICO 5 H BEHIND UTC STATES OF DURANGO,
-# MEXICO COAHUILA, NUEVO LEON,
-# MEXICO TAMAULIPAS APR 3 - OCT 29
-# MEXICO 6 H BEHIND UTC GENERAL MEXICO, STATES OF
-# MEXICO CAMPECHE, QUINTANA ROO AND
-# MEXICO YUCATAN
-
-# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
-# April 3 fell on a Sunday in 1988; October 29 fell on a Sunday in 1989. Ahem.
-# USNO claims there should be four Mexican zones rather than three:
-# a zone that's GMT-8 with DST; a zone that's always GMT-7;
-# a zone that's GMT-6 with DST; and a zone that's always GMT-6.
-
-# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
-# Shanks also says there are four zones, but disagrees about the fourth.
-# Instead of GMT-6 with DST, he says there's GMT-8 without DST.
+# Here are the discrepancies between Shanks and the MLoC.
+# (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
+# Shanks reports that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
+# Shanks says the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
+# Shanks reports no DST during summer 1931.
+# Shanks reports a transition at 1032-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
+# Shanks does not report transitions for Baja in 1945 or 1948.
+# Shanks reports southern Mexico transitions on 1981-12-01, not 12-23.
+# Shanks says Quintana Roo switched to -6:00 on 1982-12-02, and to -5:00
+# on 1997-10-26 at 02:00.
+
+# From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
+# There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
+# tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
+# the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
+# the relevant documents.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-07-26):
+# Shanks gives 1942-04-01 instead of 1942-04-24, and omits the 1981
+# and 1988 DST experiments. Go with spin.com.mx.
# From Alan Perry <alan.perry@eng.sun.com> (1996-02-15):
# A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
# outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
-#
+#
# ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
-#
+#
# I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
# rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
-#
+#
# 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
# - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
# - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
# - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
-#
+#
# 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
# at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
# BajaNorte: GMT+7
# BajaSur: GMT+6
# General: GMT+5
-#
+#
# 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
# BajaNorte: GMT+8
# BajaSur: GMT+7
# General: GMT+6
-#
+#
# The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
-#
+#
# -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
-# For an English translation of the decree,
-# see ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'',
-# <URL:http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html> (1996-01-04).
+# For an English translation of the decree, see
+# <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
+# ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
+# </a>
+
+# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
+# The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
+# (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
+
+# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
+# Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
+# zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
+# savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
+# Arizona year round.
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard, translating
+# <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
+# In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
+# Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
+# year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
+# whole year.
+
+# From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
+# <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
+# (translated):...
+# January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
+# that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
+# this year....
+# <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
+# [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
+# in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
+# The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
+# story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
+# http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
+# ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
+# Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
+# the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
+# observation of Daylight Saving Time.
+
+# <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
+# Official statute published by the Energy Department
+# </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
+# and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
+#
+# <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
+# James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
+# </a>
+# * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
+# * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
+# the Federal District will not adopt DST.
+# * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
+# * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
+# the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
+#
+# For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
+# I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
+# saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
+# that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
+# saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
+# (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
+# saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
+# Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
+# September 30, 2001.
+# References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
+# Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
+
+# From Reuters (2001-09-04):
+# Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
+# unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
+# capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
+# next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
+# a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
+# standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
+# subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
+# ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
+# that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
+# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
+# confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
-# From Shanks (1991):
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
-Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
-Rule Mexico 1996 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mexico 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-#
-Rule BajaN 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule BajaN 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule BajaN 1961 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Quintana Roo
+Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
+ -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
+ -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT
+# Campeche, Yucatan
+Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
+ -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
+ -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT
+# Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
+Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
+ -6:00 - CST 1988
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1989
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT
+# Central Mexico
Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
-7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
-6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
-7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
-6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
- -7:00 - MST 1932 Mar 30 23:00
+ -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
+ -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
-6:00 Mexico C%sT
+# Chihuahua
+Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
+ -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
+ -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
+ -6:00 - CST 1996
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
+ -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
+ -7:00 Mexico M%sT
+# Sonora
+Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
+ -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
+ -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
+ -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
+ -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
+ -8:00 - PST 1970
+ -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
+ -7:00 - MST
+# Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
-7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
-6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
-7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
-6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
- -7:00 - MST 1932 Mar 30 23:00
- -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr
+ -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
+ -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
-7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
-8:00 - PST 1970
-7:00 Mexico M%sT
+# Baja California
Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
+ -7:00 - MST 1924
-8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
- -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 16
- -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr
- -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
- -8:00 BajaN P%sT 1967 Apr lastSun 2:00
+ -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
+ -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
+ -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
+ -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
+ -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Nov 12
+ -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
+ -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
+ -8:00 - PST 1954
+ -8:00 CA P%sT 1961
+ -8:00 - PST 1976
-8:00 US P%sT 1996
+ -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
+ -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
-8:00 Mexico P%sT
-Zone America/Ensenada -7:46:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:13:32
- -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
- -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 16
- -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr
- -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
- -8:00 - PST 1996
- -8:00 Mexico P%sT
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
+# Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
+# America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
+# through 1995. This was as per Shanks. However, Guy Harris reports
+# that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
+# Tijuana observe DST," which contradicts Shanks but does imply that
+# DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
+# data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
+# other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
+# name or contents should be.
#
# Revillagigedo Is
# no information
Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
- -3:58 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
+ -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
-4:00 Barb A%sT
# Belize
# Cayman Is
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
- -5:07 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
+ -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
-5:00 - EST
-# Clipperton
-# uninhabited
-
# Costa Rica
-# Shanks gives some very odd dates for 1991, and stops there.
-# For now, we won't guess further.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
# There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
- -5:36 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
+ -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
-6:00 CR C%sT
# Coco
# no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
# Cuba
-# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
-# . . .DST is from 2nd Sunday in May to 2nd Sunday in October since 1981.
-# Change at midnight. In 1979 & 1980, started at 3rd Sunday in March
-# (I think).
-
-# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
-# CUBA 5 H BEHIND UTC
-# CUBA 4 H BEHIND UTC MAR 20 - OCT 8
+# From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
+# The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
+# the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
+# the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
+# During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
+# "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
+# Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
+# sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
+# to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
+# returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
-# From Shanks (1991):
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Cuba 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Cuba 1981 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Cuba 1990 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
-Rule Cuba 1996 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1998 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
+Rule Cuba 2000 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
- -5:30 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
+ -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
-5:00 Cuba C%sT
# Dominica
-4:00 - AST
# Dominican Republic
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
+# Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
+# time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
+# http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
+# That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
+
+# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
+# Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
+# November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
+# Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
+# Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
+# decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
+# to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
+# decided to revert.
+
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
-4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
-5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
+ -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
+ -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
-4:00 - AST
# El Salvador
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
-# There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so we'll use `El Salvador'.
+# There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
+# instead of America/San_Salvador.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
-6:00 Salv C%sT
Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
-# Shanks says AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says 1:00s. Go with IATA.
-Rule Haiti 1988 max - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
-Rule Haiti 1988 max - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
+# Shanks says AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s. Go with IATA.
+Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
-4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
-6:00 Salv C%sT
+#
+# Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
# Jamaica
# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
# JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
-# From Shanks (1991):
+# From Shanks:
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
- -5:07 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
- -5:00 - EST 1974 Jan 6 2:00
+ -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
+ -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
-5:00 US E%sT 1984
-5:00 - EST
# Martinique
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
- -4:04 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
+ -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
-4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
-4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
-4:00 - AST
# Montserrat
+# From Paul Eggert (1997-08-31):
+# Recent volcanic eruptions have forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
+# Luckily, Olveston, the current de facto capital, has the same longitude.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Plymouth
+Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Olveston
-4:00 - AST
# Nicaragua
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (1998-12-29):
+# Nicaragua seems to be back at -6:00 but I have not been able to find when
+# they changed from -5:00.
+#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
Rule Nic 1992 only - Sep 24 0:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
- -5:45 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time
+ -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
-6:00 - CST 1973 May
-5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
-6:00 Nic C%sT 1993 Jan 1 4:00
- -5:00 - EST
+ -5:00 - EST 1998 Dec
+ -6:00 - CST
# Panama
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
- -5:20 - PMT 1908 Apr 22 # Panama Mean Time
+ -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colon Mean Time
-5:00 - EST
# Puerto Rico
# St Lucia
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
- -4:04 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
+ -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
-4:00 - AST
# St Pierre and Miquelon
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
-4:00 - AST 1980 May
- -3:00 Mont PM%sT # Pierre & Miquelon Time
+ -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
+ -3:00 Canada PM%sT
# St Vincent and the Grenadines
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
- -4:05 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
+ -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
-4:00 - AST
# Turks and Caicos
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
-# Shanks says they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996)
+# From Paul Eggert (1998-08-06):
+# Shanks says they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
# says they switch at midnight. Go with IATA SSIM.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
Rule TC 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
- -5:07 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
+ -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
-5:00 TC E%sT
# British Virgin Is
projects / apple / system_cmds.git / blobdiff