4 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
5 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
6 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
10 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
11 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
12 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
14 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
15 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
16 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
17 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
18 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
20 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
21 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
23 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
24 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
25 # I found in the UCLA library.
27 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
28 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
30 # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
31 # for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
32 # but Mark R V Murray reports that
33 # `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
34 # `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
35 # `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
36 # the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''.
37 # He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference.
39 # To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
40 # I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
41 # and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
42 # This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
43 # mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
45 # To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
46 # -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used)
47 # 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time
48 # 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time
49 # 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time
50 # and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
51 # 1:00 WAT West Africa Time
52 # I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
53 # for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
54 # until we get more information.
56 # I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
57 # 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time
58 # 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used)
59 # 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
60 # 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
61 # 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
62 # 3:00 EAT East Africa Time
63 # 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
66 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
67 Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
68 Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun<=7 23:00s 0 -
69 Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
70 Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
71 Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
72 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S
73 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
74 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
75 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
76 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S
77 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
78 Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon<=7 2:00 1:00 S
79 Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
80 Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
81 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S
82 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 -
83 Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S
84 Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
85 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S
86 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 -
87 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S
88 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
89 # Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
90 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
91 Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
92 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
93 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00
94 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7
95 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29
96 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14
97 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21
98 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26
99 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May
103 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
104 Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892
105 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time
109 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks.
110 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
111 Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912
112 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
116 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
117 Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885
118 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
119 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
123 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
124 Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912
128 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
129 Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890
133 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks.
134 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
135 Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912
139 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
140 Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia
142 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15
143 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00
146 # Central African Republic
147 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
148 Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912
152 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
153 Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912
154 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14
155 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8
159 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
160 Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
163 # Democratic Republic of Congo
164 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
165 Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
167 Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
170 # Republic of the Congo
171 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
172 Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912
176 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
177 Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912
181 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
182 Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul
185 ###############################################################################
189 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
190 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S
191 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
192 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
193 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
194 Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
195 Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 -
196 Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
197 Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S
198 Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
199 Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
200 Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
201 Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
202 Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
203 Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
204 Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S
205 Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S
206 Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
207 Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S
208 Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
209 # IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00.
210 # Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29.
211 Rule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
212 Rule Egypt 1995 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
214 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
215 Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct
219 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
220 Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912
221 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15
225 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
226 Zone Africa/Asmera 2:35:32 - LMT 1870
227 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmera Mean Time
228 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
232 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-05):
233 # Shanks writes that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones between
234 # 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
235 # We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
236 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
237 Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
238 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
242 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
243 Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912
247 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
248 Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912
249 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time
254 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
255 # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks.
256 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
257 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
258 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
259 Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918
263 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
264 Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912
265 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
270 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
271 Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26
276 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
277 Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul
284 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
285 Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
286 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00
287 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
291 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
292 # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
293 # from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
294 # Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
295 # Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks.
296 # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman
297 # each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
298 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
299 Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
300 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
301 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time
304 ###############################################################################
308 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
309 Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S
310 Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
311 Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
312 Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
313 Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S
314 Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
315 Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
316 Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
317 Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S
318 Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S
319 Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
320 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
321 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
322 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
323 Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920
324 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959
326 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4
327 # The following entries are all from Shanks;
328 # the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.
329 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30
330 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4
331 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4
335 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
336 Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul
337 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s
338 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s
342 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
343 Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
347 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
348 Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912
349 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
350 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20
354 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
355 Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912
356 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
357 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28
361 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
362 Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
363 4:00 - MUT # Mauritius Time
364 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez
365 # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
368 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
369 Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
373 # See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
374 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
375 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S
376 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 -
377 Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S
378 Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 -
379 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S
380 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 -
381 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S
382 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
383 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S
384 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
385 Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
386 Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
387 Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
388 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
389 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
390 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
391 Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
392 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
396 Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan
397 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14
401 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
402 Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
406 # The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks.
407 # Shanks reports no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
408 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
409 Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
410 Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
411 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
412 Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
413 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time
414 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00
415 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
416 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence
417 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3
421 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
422 Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912
423 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26
428 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
429 Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep
433 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
434 Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
435 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time
437 # Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows.
438 # The following information about them is taken from
439 # Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French;
440 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
441 # We have no info about their time zone histories.
443 # Bassas da India - uninhabited
444 # Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
445 # Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
446 # Juan de Nova - uninhabited
447 # Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
450 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
451 Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun
455 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
456 Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown
457 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time
459 # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
460 # Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
461 # Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA
462 # Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
463 # on GMT, says the CIA
464 # Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT
466 # Sao Tome and Principe
467 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
468 Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884
469 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time
473 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
474 Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912
479 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
480 Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
481 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time
482 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
483 # Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
484 # Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
485 # in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know
486 # whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
487 # Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
490 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
491 # Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks.
492 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST
493 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT
494 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST
495 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT
496 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
497 Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882
498 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
503 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
504 Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov
510 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
511 Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 -
512 Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
513 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
514 Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
517 # Marion and Prince Edward Is
518 # scientific station since 1947
523 # From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html">
524 # Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13)
525 # </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
526 # Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
527 # Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
528 # Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
530 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
531 Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
532 Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 -
533 Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
534 Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
535 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
536 Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931
537 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00
541 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
542 Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar
546 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
547 Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931
553 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
554 Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
559 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
561 # My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
562 # this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News
563 # <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
564 # and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by
565 # one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be
566 # UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next
567 # Saturday." (My translation)
569 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02):
570 # LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ...
571 # <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>
572 # ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
575 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
576 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
577 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
578 Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S
579 Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 -
580 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S
581 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
582 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S
583 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 -
584 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S
585 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
586 Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
587 Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
588 Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
589 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S
590 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 -
591 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
592 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
593 Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S
594 Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
595 Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S
596 Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
597 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
598 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 -
599 # Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
600 # Shanks says the 1911 switch occurred on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
601 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
602 Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12
603 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
607 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
608 Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul
615 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
616 Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar
620 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
621 Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar
projects / apple / system_cmds.git / blob