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Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
d1ccfde8 A |
1 | # @(#)australasia 7.78 |
2 | # <pre> | |
3 | ||
1815bff5 | 4 | # This file also includes Pacific islands. |
c3a08f59 | 5 | |
1815bff5 A |
6 | # Notes are at the end of this file |
7 | ||
8 | ############################################################################### | |
9 | ||
10 | # Australia | |
11 | ||
c3a08f59 A |
12 | # Please see the notes below for the controversy about "EST" versus "AEST" etc. |
13 | ||
1815bff5 | 14 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
b51d5b5f | 15 | Rule Aus 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 - |
1815bff5 A |
16 | Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 - |
17 | Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 - | |
18 | Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 - | |
19 | Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 - | |
20 | Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - | |
21 | Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 - | |
b51d5b5f A |
22 | # Go with Whitman and the Australian National Standards Commission, which |
23 | # says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944. Ignore Whitman's claim that | |
24 | # 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944. | |
1815bff5 A |
25 | |
26 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
27 | # Northern Territory | |
28 | Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb | |
b51d5b5f | 29 | 9:00 - CST 1899 May |
1815bff5 A |
30 | 9:30 Aus CST |
31 | # Western Australia | |
32 | Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec | |
b51d5b5f A |
33 | 8:00 Aus WST 1943 Jul |
34 | 8:00 - WST 1974 Oct lastSun 2:00s | |
1815bff5 A |
35 | 8:00 1:00 WST 1975 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s |
36 | 8:00 - WST 1983 Oct lastSun 2:00s | |
37 | 8:00 1:00 WST 1984 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s | |
38 | 8:00 - WST 1991 Nov 17 2:00s | |
39 | 8:00 1:00 WST 1992 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s | |
40 | 8:00 - WST | |
41 | # Queensland | |
42 | # | |
d1ccfde8 | 43 | # From Alex Livingston (1996-11-01): |
1815bff5 A |
44 | # I have heard or read more than once that some resort islands off the coast |
45 | # of Queensland chose to keep observing daylight-saving time even after | |
46 | # Queensland ceased to. | |
47 | # | |
48 | # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): | |
49 | # IATA SSIM (1993-02/1994-09) say that the Holiday Islands (Hayman, Lindeman, | |
50 | # Hamilton) observed DST for two years after the rest of Queensland stopped. | |
51 | # Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria, | |
52 | # so use Lindeman. | |
53 | # | |
54 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
b51d5b5f A |
55 | Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - |
56 | Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
1815bff5 A |
57 | Rule AQ 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - |
58 | Rule AQ 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
b51d5b5f A |
59 | Rule Holiday 1992 1993 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - |
60 | Rule Holiday 1993 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
1815bff5 | 61 | Zone Australia/Brisbane 10:12:08 - LMT 1895 |
b51d5b5f | 62 | 10:00 Aus EST 1971 |
1815bff5 A |
63 | 10:00 AQ EST |
64 | Zone Australia/Lindeman 9:55:56 - LMT 1895 | |
b51d5b5f A |
65 | 10:00 Aus EST 1971 |
66 | 10:00 AQ EST 1992 Jul | |
1815bff5 A |
67 | 10:00 Holiday EST |
68 | ||
69 | # South Australia | |
70 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
71 | Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - | |
72 | Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 - | |
73 | Rule AS 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - | |
74 | Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 - | |
75 | Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
76 | Rule AS 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - | |
b51d5b5f A |
77 | Rule AS 1990 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 - |
78 | Rule AS 1991 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
79 | Rule AS 1992 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 - | |
80 | Rule AS 1993 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
81 | Rule AS 1994 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 - | |
d1ccfde8 A |
82 | Rule AS 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - |
83 | Rule AS 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
84 | Rule AS 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
1815bff5 A |
85 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
86 | Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb | |
87 | 9:00 - CST 1899 May | |
b51d5b5f | 88 | 9:30 Aus CST 1971 |
1815bff5 A |
89 | 9:30 AS CST |
90 | ||
91 | # Tasmania | |
d1ccfde8 A |
92 | # |
93 | # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16): | |
94 | # <http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml> | |
95 | # says King Island didn't observe DST from WWII until late 1971. | |
96 | # | |
1815bff5 | 97 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
b51d5b5f A |
98 | Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 - |
99 | Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
1815bff5 A |
100 | Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - |
101 | Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 - | |
b51d5b5f | 102 | Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 - |
1815bff5 A |
103 | Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - |
104 | Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
105 | Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
b51d5b5f | 106 | Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 - |
1815bff5 | 107 | Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - |
b51d5b5f A |
108 | Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00s 1:00 - |
109 | Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - | |
110 | Rule AT 1991 1999 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 - | |
d1ccfde8 | 111 | Rule AT 1991 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - |
b51d5b5f A |
112 | Rule AT 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - |
113 | Rule AT 2001 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 - | |
d1ccfde8 A |
114 | Rule AT 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - |
115 | Rule AT 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
1815bff5 A |
116 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
117 | Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep | |
b51d5b5f A |
118 | 10:00 - EST 1916 Oct 1 2:00 |
119 | 10:00 1:00 EST 1917 Feb | |
120 | 10:00 Aus EST 1967 | |
1815bff5 | 121 | 10:00 AT EST |
d1ccfde8 A |
122 | Zone Australia/Currie 9:35:28 - LMT 1895 Sep |
123 | 10:00 - EST 1916 Oct 1 2:00 | |
124 | 10:00 1:00 EST 1917 Feb | |
125 | 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Jul | |
126 | 10:00 AT EST | |
1815bff5 A |
127 | |
128 | # Victoria | |
129 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
130 | Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - | |
b51d5b5f | 131 | Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 - |
1815bff5 A |
132 | Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - |
133 | Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - | |
b51d5b5f A |
134 | Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 - |
135 | Rule AV 1988 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - | |
1815bff5 | 136 | Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - |
d1ccfde8 | 137 | Rule AV 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - |
b51d5b5f A |
138 | Rule AV 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - |
139 | Rule AV 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - | |
d1ccfde8 A |
140 | Rule AV 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - |
141 | Rule AV 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
1815bff5 A |
142 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
143 | Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb | |
b51d5b5f | 144 | 10:00 Aus EST 1971 |
1815bff5 A |
145 | 10:00 AV EST |
146 | ||
147 | # New South Wales | |
148 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
149 | Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - | |
150 | Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 - | |
151 | Rule AN 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
152 | Rule AN 1982 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
153 | Rule AN 1983 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
154 | Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - | |
155 | Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 - | |
b51d5b5f | 156 | Rule AN 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - |
1815bff5 | 157 | Rule AN 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - |
d1ccfde8 | 158 | Rule AN 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - |
b51d5b5f A |
159 | Rule AN 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - |
160 | Rule AN 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - | |
d1ccfde8 A |
161 | Rule AN 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - |
162 | Rule AN 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
1815bff5 A |
163 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
164 | Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb | |
b51d5b5f | 165 | 10:00 Aus EST 1971 |
1815bff5 A |
166 | 10:00 AN EST |
167 | Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb | |
168 | 10:00 - EST 1896 Aug 23 | |
169 | 9:00 - CST 1899 May | |
b51d5b5f A |
170 | 9:30 Aus CST 1971 |
171 | 9:30 AN CST 2000 | |
172 | 9:30 AS CST | |
1815bff5 A |
173 | |
174 | # Lord Howe Island | |
175 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
b51d5b5f A |
176 | Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 - |
177 | Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 - | |
178 | Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 - | |
179 | Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - | |
180 | Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 - | |
181 | Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 - | |
182 | Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 - | |
d1ccfde8 | 183 | Rule LH 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - |
b51d5b5f A |
184 | Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00 0:30 - |
185 | Rule LH 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 - | |
d1ccfde8 A |
186 | Rule LH 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - |
187 | Rule LH 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - | |
1815bff5 A |
188 | Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb |
189 | 10:00 - EST 1981 Mar | |
190 | 10:30 LH LHST | |
191 | ||
192 | # Australian miscellany | |
1815bff5 A |
193 | # |
194 | # Ashmore Is, Cartier | |
195 | # no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers | |
b51d5b5f | 196 | # like Australia/Perth, says Turner |
1815bff5 A |
197 | # |
198 | # Coral Sea Is | |
199 | # no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists | |
200 | # no information | |
201 | # | |
b51d5b5f A |
202 | # Macquarie |
203 | # permanent occupation (scientific station) since 1948; | |
204 | # sealing and penguin oil station operated 1888/1917 | |
205 | # like Australia/Hobart, says Turner | |
1815bff5 | 206 | |
b51d5b5f A |
207 | # Christmas |
208 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
209 | Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb | |
210 | 7:00 - CXT # Christmas Island Time | |
1815bff5 A |
211 | |
212 | # Cook Is | |
b51d5b5f | 213 | # From Shanks: |
1815bff5 A |
214 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
215 | Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS | |
b51d5b5f A |
216 | Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - |
217 | Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS | |
1815bff5 A |
218 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
219 | Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua | |
220 | -10:30 - CKT 1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is Time | |
221 | -10:00 Cook CK%sT | |
222 | ||
223 | # Cocos | |
d1ccfde8 A |
224 | # These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978. |
225 | # We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900. | |
1815bff5 | 226 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
d1ccfde8 A |
227 | Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900 |
228 | 6:30 - CCT # Cocos Islands Time | |
1815bff5 A |
229 | |
230 | # Fiji | |
b51d5b5f A |
231 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
232 | Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S | |
233 | Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 - | |
1815bff5 A |
234 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
235 | Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:53:40 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva | |
b51d5b5f | 236 | 12:00 Fiji FJ%sT # Fiji Time |
1815bff5 A |
237 | |
238 | # French Polynesia | |
239 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
240 | Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea | |
241 | -9:00 - GAMT # Gambier Time | |
242 | Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct | |
243 | -9:30 - MART # Marquesas Time | |
244 | Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete | |
245 | -10:00 - TAHT # Tahiti Time | |
b51d5b5f A |
246 | # Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia; |
247 | # it is uninhabited. | |
1815bff5 A |
248 | |
249 | # Guam | |
250 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
b51d5b5f A |
251 | Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 |
252 | 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana | |
253 | 10:00 - GST 2000 Dec 23 # Guam | |
254 | 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time | |
1815bff5 A |
255 | |
256 | # Kiribati | |
257 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
258 | Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki | |
259 | 12:00 - GILT # Gilbert Is Time | |
260 | Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901 | |
261 | -12:00 - PHOT 1979 Oct # Phoenix Is Time | |
262 | -11:00 - PHOT 1995 | |
263 | 13:00 - PHOT | |
264 | Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901 | |
265 | -10:40 - LINT 1979 Oct # Line Is Time | |
266 | -10:00 - LINT 1995 | |
267 | 14:00 - LINT | |
268 | ||
269 | # N Mariana Is | |
270 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
b51d5b5f A |
271 | Zone Pacific/Saipan -14:17:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 |
272 | 9:43:00 - LMT 1901 | |
1815bff5 | 273 | 9:00 - MPT 1969 Oct # N Mariana Is Time |
b51d5b5f A |
274 | 10:00 - MPT 2000 Dec 23 |
275 | 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time | |
1815bff5 A |
276 | |
277 | # Marshall Is | |
278 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
279 | Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901 | |
280 | 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct # Marshall Islands Time | |
281 | 12:00 - MHT | |
282 | Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901 | |
283 | 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct | |
284 | -12:00 - KWAT 1993 Aug 20 # Kwajalein Time | |
285 | 12:00 - MHT | |
286 | ||
287 | # Micronesia | |
288 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1815bff5 A |
289 | Zone Pacific/Truk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901 |
290 | 10:00 - TRUT # Truk Time | |
291 | Zone Pacific/Ponape 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia | |
292 | 11:00 - PONT # Ponape Time | |
293 | Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901 | |
b51d5b5f A |
294 | 11:00 - KOST 1969 Oct # Kosrae Time |
295 | 12:00 - KOST 1999 | |
296 | 11:00 - KOST | |
1815bff5 A |
297 | |
298 | # Nauru | |
299 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
300 | Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe | |
301 | 11:30 - NRT 1942 Mar 15 # Nauru Time | |
302 | 9:00 - JST 1944 Aug 15 | |
303 | 11:30 - NRT 1979 May | |
304 | 12:00 - NRT | |
305 | ||
306 | # New Caledonia | |
307 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
308 | Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S | |
309 | Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 - | |
b51d5b5f A |
310 | Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S |
311 | # Shanks says the following was at 2:00; go with IATA. | |
312 | Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 - | |
1815bff5 A |
313 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
314 | Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 | |
315 | 11:00 NC NC%sT | |
316 | ||
317 | ||
318 | ############################################################################### | |
319 | ||
320 | # New Zealand | |
321 | ||
322 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
2fc1e207 A |
323 | Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S |
324 | Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M | |
325 | Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S | |
326 | Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M | |
327 | Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M | |
328 | Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S | |
329 | Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S | |
330 | # Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but there's no | |
331 | # convenient notation for this so we must duplicate the Rule lines. | |
c3a08f59 | 332 | Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D |
2fc1e207 | 333 | Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D |
c3a08f59 | 334 | Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S |
2fc1e207 | 335 | Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 S |
1815bff5 | 336 | Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D |
2fc1e207 | 337 | Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D |
1815bff5 | 338 | Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S |
2fc1e207 | 339 | Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S |
c3a08f59 | 340 | Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D |
2fc1e207 | 341 | Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 D |
c3a08f59 | 342 | Rule NZ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D |
1815bff5 | 343 | Rule Chatham 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D |
2fc1e207 A |
344 | Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S |
345 | Rule Chatham 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 S | |
1815bff5 | 346 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
c3a08f59 | 347 | Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 |
2fc1e207 | 348 | 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1 |
1815bff5 | 349 | 12:00 NZ NZ%sT |
2fc1e207 A |
350 | Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1957 Jan 1 |
351 | 12:45 Chatham CHA%sT | |
1815bff5 A |
352 | |
353 | ||
b51d5b5f A |
354 | # Auckland Is |
355 | # uninhabited; Maori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers, | |
356 | # and scientific personnel have wintered | |
357 | ||
358 | # Campbell I | |
359 | # minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914 | |
360 | # scientific station operated 1941/1995; | |
361 | # previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered | |
362 | # was probably like Pacific/Auckland | |
1815bff5 A |
363 | |
364 | ############################################################################### | |
365 | ||
366 | ||
367 | # Niue | |
368 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
369 | Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi | |
370 | -11:20 - NUT 1951 # Niue Time | |
371 | -11:30 - NUT 1978 Oct 1 | |
372 | -11:00 - NUT | |
373 | ||
374 | # Norfolk | |
375 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
376 | Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston | |
377 | 11:12 - NMT 1951 # Norfolk Mean Time | |
378 | 11:30 - NFT # Norfolk Time | |
379 | ||
b51d5b5f | 380 | # Palau (Belau) |
1815bff5 A |
381 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
382 | Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror | |
383 | 9:00 - PWT # Palau Time | |
384 | ||
1815bff5 A |
385 | # Papua New Guinea |
386 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
387 | Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880 | |
c3a08f59 | 388 | 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time |
1815bff5 A |
389 | 10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time |
390 | ||
391 | # Pitcairn | |
392 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
393 | Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown | |
b51d5b5f A |
394 | -8:30 - PNT 1998 Apr 27 00:00 |
395 | -8:00 - PST # Pitcairn Standard Time | |
1815bff5 A |
396 | |
397 | # American Samoa | |
398 | Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 | |
399 | -11:22:48 - LMT 1911 | |
400 | -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time | |
401 | -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome | |
402 | -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering | |
403 | -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa | |
404 | ||
d1ccfde8 | 405 | # Samoa |
1815bff5 A |
406 | Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 |
407 | -11:26:56 - LMT 1911 | |
408 | -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time | |
d1ccfde8 | 409 | -11:00 - WST # Samoa Time |
1815bff5 A |
410 | |
411 | # Solomon Is | |
412 | # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea | |
413 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
414 | Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara | |
415 | 11:00 - SBT # Solomon Is Time | |
416 | ||
417 | # Tokelau Is | |
418 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
419 | Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901 | |
420 | -10:00 - TKT # Tokelau Time | |
421 | ||
422 | # Tonga | |
b51d5b5f A |
423 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
424 | Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 S | |
425 | Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 - | |
c3a08f59 A |
426 | Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S |
427 | Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 - | |
1815bff5 A |
428 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
429 | Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901 | |
b51d5b5f A |
430 | 12:20 - TOT 1941 # Tonga Time |
431 | 13:00 - TOT 1999 | |
432 | 13:00 Tonga TO%sT | |
1815bff5 A |
433 | |
434 | # Tuvalu | |
435 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
436 | Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901 | |
437 | 12:00 - TVT # Tuvalu Time | |
438 | ||
b51d5b5f A |
439 | |
440 | # US minor outlying islands | |
441 | ||
442 | # Howland, Baker | |
443 | # uninhabited since World War II | |
444 | # no information; was probably like Pacific/Pago_Pago | |
445 | ||
446 | # Jarvis | |
447 | # uninhabited since 1958 | |
448 | # no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati | |
449 | ||
450 | # Johnston | |
451 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
452 | Zone Pacific/Johnston -10:00 - HST | |
453 | ||
454 | # Kingman | |
455 | # uninhabited | |
456 | ||
457 | # Midway | |
d1ccfde8 A |
458 | # |
459 | # From Mark Brader (2005-01-23): | |
460 | # [Fallacies and Fantasies of Air Transport History, by R.E.G. Davies, | |
461 | # published 1994 by Paladwr Press, McLean, VA, USA; ISBN 0-9626483-5-3] | |
462 | # reproduced a Pan American Airways timeables from 1936, for their weekly | |
463 | # "Orient Express" flights between San Francisco and Manila, and connecting | |
464 | # flights to Chicago and the US East Coast. As it uses some time zone | |
465 | # designations that I've never seen before:.... | |
466 | # Fri. 6:30A Lv. HONOLOLU (Pearl Harbor), H.I. H.L.T. Ar. 5:30P Sun. | |
467 | # " 3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A " | |
468 | # | |
b51d5b5f | 469 | Zone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901 |
2fc1e207 A |
470 | -11:00 - NST 1956 Jun 3 |
471 | -11:00 1:00 NDT 1956 Sep 2 | |
b51d5b5f A |
472 | -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome |
473 | -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering | |
474 | -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa | |
475 | ||
476 | # Palmyra | |
477 | # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati | |
478 | ||
479 | # Wake | |
480 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
481 | Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901 | |
482 | 12:00 - WAKT # Wake Time | |
483 | ||
484 | ||
1815bff5 A |
485 | # Vanuatu |
486 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
487 | Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 S | |
488 | Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 - | |
489 | Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 S | |
490 | Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S | |
491 | Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 - | |
492 | Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S | |
493 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
494 | Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila | |
495 | 11:00 Vanuatu VU%sT # Vanuatu Time | |
496 | ||
1815bff5 A |
497 | # Wallis and Futuna |
498 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
499 | Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 | |
500 | 12:00 - WFT # Wallis & Futuna Time | |
501 | ||
502 | ############################################################################### | |
503 | ||
504 | # NOTES | |
505 | ||
506 | # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, | |
507 | # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to | |
508 | # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). | |
509 | ||
d1ccfde8 | 510 | # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): |
1815bff5 | 511 | # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is |
b51d5b5f A |
512 | # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), |
513 | # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). | |
1815bff5 | 514 | # |
c3a08f59 | 515 | # Gwillim Law writes that a good source |
1815bff5 A |
516 | # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport |
517 | # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), | |
518 | # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries | |
519 | # of the IATA's data after 1990. | |
520 | # | |
521 | # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, | |
522 | # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. | |
523 | # | |
524 | # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, | |
525 | # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which | |
526 | # I found in the UCLA library. | |
527 | # | |
528 | # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is | |
b51d5b5f | 529 | # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). |
1815bff5 A |
530 | # |
531 | # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; | |
532 | # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. | |
533 | # Corrections are welcome! | |
534 | # std dst | |
535 | # LMT Local Mean Time | |
536 | # 8:00 WST WST Western Australia | |
537 | # 9:00 JST Japan | |
538 | # 9:30 CST CST Central Australia | |
539 | # 10:00 EST EST Eastern Australia | |
b51d5b5f | 540 | # 10:00 ChST Chamorro |
1815bff5 | 541 | # 10:30 LHST LHST Lord Howe* |
2fc1e207 A |
542 | # 11:30 NZMT NZST New Zealand through 1945 |
543 | # 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand 1946-present | |
1815bff5 A |
544 | # 12:45 CHAST CHADT Chatham* |
545 | # -11:00 SST Samoa | |
546 | # -10:00 HST Hawaii | |
b51d5b5f | 547 | # - 8:00 PST Pitcairn* |
1815bff5 A |
548 | # |
549 | # See the `northamerica' file for Hawaii. | |
550 | # See the `southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galapagos Is. | |
1815bff5 A |
551 | |
552 | ############################################################################### | |
553 | ||
554 | # Australia | |
555 | ||
d1ccfde8 A |
556 | # From Paul Eggert (2005-12-08): |
557 | # <a href="http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml"> | |
558 | # Implementation Dates of Daylight Saving Time within Australia | |
559 | # </a> summarizes daylight saving issues in Australia. | |
560 | ||
561 | # From Arthur David Olson (2005-12-12): | |
562 | # <a href="http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/Corporate/ll_agdinfo.nsf/pages/community_relations_daylight_saving"> | |
563 | # Lawlink NSW:Daylight Saving in New South Wales | |
564 | # </a> covers New South Wales in particular. | |
b51d5b5f | 565 | |
1815bff5 A |
566 | # From John Mackin (1991-03-06): |
567 | # We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time. | |
568 | # It is called `summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, `summer' | |
569 | # and `standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the | |
570 | # abbreviation does _not_ change... | |
571 | # The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least | |
572 | # in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the | |
573 | # initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses | |
574 | # the phrase `summer time' and does not use the phrase `daylight | |
575 | # time'. | |
576 | # Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian | |
577 | # Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases `Eastern Standard Time' | |
578 | # or `Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the | |
579 | # current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers | |
580 | # on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases | |
581 | # prefixed by the word `Australian' when referring to local times; | |
582 | # time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC. | |
583 | ||
c3a08f59 | 584 | # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): |
1815bff5 A |
585 | # Given the above, what's chosen for year-round use is: |
586 | # CST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 9:30 | |
587 | # WST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00 | |
588 | # EST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00 | |
589 | ||
c3a08f59 A |
590 | # From Paul Eggert (2001-04-05), summarizing a long discussion about "EST" |
591 | # versus "AEST" etc.: | |
592 | # | |
593 | # I see the following points of dispute: | |
594 | # | |
595 | # * How important are unique time zone abbreviations? | |
596 | # | |
597 | # Here I tend to agree with the point (most recently made by Chris | |
598 | # Newman) that unique abbreviations should not be essential for proper | |
599 | # operation of software. We have other instances of ambiguity | |
600 | # (e.g. "IST" denoting both "Israel Standard Time" and "Indian | |
601 | # Standard Time"), and they are not likely to go away any time soon. | |
602 | # In the old days, some software mistakenly relied on unique | |
603 | # abbreviations, but this is becoming less true with time, and I don't | |
604 | # think it's that important to cater to such software these days. | |
605 | # | |
606 | # On the other hand, there is another motivation for unambiguous | |
607 | # abbreviations: it cuts down on human confusion. This is | |
608 | # particularly true for Australia, where "EST" can mean one thing for | |
609 | # time T and a different thing for time T plus 1 second. | |
610 | # | |
611 | # * Does the relevant legislation indicate which abbreviations should be used? | |
612 | # | |
613 | # Here I tend to think that things are a mess, just as they are in | |
614 | # many other countries. We Americans are currently disagreeing about | |
615 | # which abbreviation to use for the newly legislated Chamorro Standard | |
616 | # Time, for example. | |
617 | # | |
618 | # Personally, I would prefer to use common practice; I would like to | |
619 | # refer to legislation only for examples of common practice, or as a | |
620 | # tiebreaker. | |
621 | # | |
622 | # * Do Australians more often use "Eastern Daylight Time" or "Eastern | |
623 | # Summer Time"? Do they typically prefix the time zone names with | |
624 | # the word "Australian"? | |
625 | # | |
626 | # My own impression is that both "Daylight Time" and "Summer Time" are | |
627 | # common and are widely understood, but that "Summer Time" is more | |
628 | # popular; and that the leading "A" is also common but is omitted more | |
629 | # often than not. I just used AltaVista advanced search and got the | |
630 | # following count of page hits: | |
631 | # | |
632 | # 1,103 "Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au | |
633 | # 971 "Australian Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au | |
634 | # 613 "Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au | |
635 | # 127 "Australian Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au | |
636 | # | |
637 | # Here "Summer" seems quite a bit more popular than "Daylight", | |
638 | # particularly when we know the time zone is Australian and not US, | |
639 | # say. The "Australian" prefix seems to be popular for Eastern Summer | |
640 | # Time, but unpopular for Eastern Daylight Time. | |
641 | # | |
642 | # For abbreviations, tools like AltaVista are less useful because of | |
643 | # ambiguity. Many hits are not really time zones, unfortunately, and | |
644 | # many hits denote US time zones and not Australian ones. But here | |
645 | # are the hit counts anyway: | |
646 | # | |
647 | # 161,304 "EST" and domain:au | |
648 | # 25,156 "EDT" and domain:au | |
649 | # 18,263 "AEST" and domain:au | |
650 | # 10,416 "AEDT" and domain:au | |
651 | # | |
652 | # 14,538 "CST" and domain:au | |
653 | # 5,728 "CDT" and domain:au | |
654 | # 176 "ACST" and domain:au | |
655 | # 29 "ACDT" and domain:au | |
656 | # | |
657 | # 7,539 "WST" and domain:au | |
658 | # 68 "AWST" and domain:au | |
659 | # | |
660 | # This data suggest that Australians tend to omit the "A" prefix in | |
661 | # practice. The situation for "ST" versus "DT" is less clear, given | |
662 | # the ambiguities involved. | |
663 | # | |
664 | # * How do Australians feel about the abbreviations in the tz database? | |
665 | # | |
666 | # If you just count Australians on this list, I count 2 in favor and 3 | |
667 | # against. One of the "against" votes (David Keegel) counseled delay, | |
668 | # saying that both AEST/AEDT and EST/EST are widely used and | |
669 | # understood in Australia. | |
670 | ||
1815bff5 A |
671 | # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): |
672 | # Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand. | |
d1ccfde8 | 673 | # Mark Prior writes that his newspaper |
1815bff5 A |
674 | # reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00, |
675 | # but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970 | |
676 | # and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time. | |
677 | # For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960. | |
678 | ||
d1ccfde8 | 679 | # From Eric Ulevik (1998-01-05): |
b51d5b5f A |
680 | # |
681 | # Here are some URLs to Australian time legislation. These URLs are stable, | |
682 | # and should probably be included in the data file. There are probably more | |
683 | # relevant entries in this database. | |
684 | # | |
685 | # NSW (including LHI and Broken Hill): | |
686 | # <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/index.html"> | |
687 | # Standard Time Act 1987 (updated 1995-04-04) | |
688 | # </a> | |
689 | # ACT | |
690 | # <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/consol_act/stasta1972279/index.html"> | |
691 | # Standard Time and Summer Time Act 1972 | |
692 | # </a> | |
693 | # SA | |
694 | # <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/sta1898137/index.html"> | |
695 | # Standard Time Act, 1898 | |
696 | # </a> | |
697 | ||
d1ccfde8 A |
698 | # From David Grosz (2005-06-13): |
699 | # It was announced last week that Daylight Saving would be extended by | |
700 | # one week next year to allow for the 2006 Commonwealth Games. | |
701 | # Daylight Saving is now to end for next year only on the first Sunday | |
702 | # in April instead of the last Sunday in March. | |
703 | # | |
704 | # From Gwillim Law (2005-06-14): | |
705 | # I did some Googling and found that all of those states (and territory) plan | |
706 | # to extend DST together in 2006. | |
707 | # ACT: http://www.cmd.act.gov.au/mediareleases/fileread.cfm?file=86.txt | |
708 | # New South Wales: http://www.thecouriermail.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5936,15538869%255E1702,00.html | |
709 | # South Australia: http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,15555031-1246,00.html | |
710 | # Tasmania: http://www.media.tas.gov.au/release.php?id=14772 | |
711 | # Victoria: I wasn't able to find anything separate, but the other articles | |
712 | # allude to it. | |
713 | # But not Queensland | |
714 | # http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,15564030-1248,00.html. | |
715 | ||
1815bff5 A |
716 | # Northern Territory |
717 | ||
718 | # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): | |
719 | # # The NORTHERN TERRITORY.. [ Courtesy N.T. Dept of the Chief Minister ] | |
720 | # # [ Nov 1990 ] | |
721 | # # N.T. have never utilised any DST due to sub-tropical/tropical location. | |
722 | # ... | |
723 | # Zone Australia/North 9:30 - CST | |
724 | ||
725 | # From Bradley White (1991-03-04): | |
726 | # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... | |
727 | # the Northern Territory do[es] not have daylight saving. | |
728 | ||
729 | # Western Australia | |
730 | ||
731 | # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): | |
732 | # # The state of WESTERN AUSTRALIA.. [ Courtesy W.A. dept Premier+Cabinet ] | |
733 | # # [ Nov 1990 ] | |
734 | # # W.A. suffers from a great deal of public and political opposition to | |
735 | # # DST in principle. A bill is brought before parliament in most years, but | |
736 | # # usually defeated either in the upper house, or in party caucus | |
737 | # # before reaching parliament. | |
738 | # ... | |
739 | # Zone Australia/West 8:00 AW %sST | |
740 | # ... | |
741 | # Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D | |
742 | # Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W | |
743 | # Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D | |
744 | # Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W | |
745 | ||
746 | # From Bradley White (1991-03-04): | |
747 | # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... | |
748 | # Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving. | |
749 | ||
750 | # From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02): | |
751 | # Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney | |
752 | # rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at | |
753 | # work at 9.00am.) | |
754 | # W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse | |
755 | # everybody again. | |
756 | ||
757 | # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): | |
758 | # The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess; | |
759 | # it matches what was used in the past. | |
760 | ||
b51d5b5f A |
761 | # <a href="http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm"> |
762 | # The Australian Bureau of Meteorology FAQ | |
763 | # </a> (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses | |
764 | # South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia. | |
765 | ||
1815bff5 A |
766 | # Queensland |
767 | # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): | |
768 | # # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ] | |
769 | # # [ Dec 1990 ] | |
770 | # ... | |
771 | # Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST | |
772 | # ... | |
773 | # Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D | |
774 | # Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E | |
775 | # Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D | |
776 | # Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E | |
777 | ||
778 | # From Bradley White (1989-12-24): | |
779 | # "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from | |
780 | # October 1989). | |
781 | ||
782 | # From Bradley White (1991-03-04): | |
783 | # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... | |
784 | # ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving | |
785 | # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)... | |
786 | ||
787 | # From John Mackin (1991-03-06): | |
788 | # I can certainly confirm for my part that Daylight Saving in NSW did in fact | |
789 | # end on Sunday, 3 March. I don't know at what hour, though. (It surprised | |
790 | # me.) | |
791 | ||
792 | # From Bradley White (1992-03-08): | |
793 | # ...there was recently a referendum in Queensland which resulted | |
794 | # in the experimental daylight saving system being abandoned. So, ... | |
795 | # ... | |
796 | # Rule QLD 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D | |
797 | # Rule QLD 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S | |
798 | # ... | |
799 | ||
800 | # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): | |
801 | # The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989-1992 changes. | |
802 | ||
c3a08f59 A |
803 | # From Rives McDow (2002-04-09): |
804 | # The most interesting region I have found consists of three towns on the | |
805 | # southern coast of Australia, population 10 at last report, along with | |
806 | # 50,000 sheep, about 100 kilometers long and 40 kilometers into the | |
807 | # continent. The primary town is Madura, with the other towns being | |
808 | # Mundrabilla and Eucla. According to the sheriff of Madura, the | |
809 | # residents got tired of having to change the time so often, as they are | |
810 | # located in a strip overlapping the border of South Australia and Western | |
811 | # Australia. South Australia observes daylight saving time; Western | |
812 | # Australia does not. The two states are one and a half hours apart. The | |
813 | # residents decided to forget about this nonsense of changing the clock so | |
814 | # much and set the local time 20 hours and 45 minutes from the | |
815 | # international date line, or right in the middle of the time of South | |
816 | # Australia and Western Australia. As it only affects about 10 people and | |
817 | # tourists staying at the Madura Motel, it has never really made as big an | |
818 | # impact as Broken Hill. However, as tourist visiting there or anyone | |
819 | # calling the local sheriff will attest, they do keep time in this way. | |
820 | # | |
821 | # From Paul Eggert (2002-04-09): | |
822 | # This is confirmed by the section entitled | |
823 | # "What's the deal with time zones???" in | |
824 | # <http://www.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/~awatkins/null.html>, | |
825 | # which says a few other things: | |
826 | # | |
827 | # * Border Village, SA also is 45 minutes ahead of Perth. | |
828 | # * The locals call this time zone "central W.A. Time" (presumably "CWAT"). | |
829 | # * The locals also call Western Australia time "Perth time". | |
830 | # | |
831 | # It's not clear from context whether everyone in Western Australia | |
832 | # knows of this naming convention, or whether it's just the people in | |
833 | # this subregion. | |
834 | ||
1815bff5 A |
835 | # South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria |
836 | ||
837 | # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): | |
838 | # The rules from version 7.1 follow. | |
839 | # There are lots of differences between these rules and | |
840 | # the Shepherd et al. rules. Since the Shepherd et al. rules | |
841 | # and Bradley White's newspaper article are in agreement on | |
842 | # current DST ending dates, no worries. | |
843 | # | |
844 | # Rule Oz 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 - | |
845 | # Rule Oz 1986 max - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 - | |
846 | # Rule Oz 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 - | |
847 | # Rule Oz 1973 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 - | |
848 | # Rule Oz 1987 max - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 - | |
849 | # Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 Oz EST | |
850 | # Zone Australia/South 9:30 Oz CST | |
851 | # Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 Oz EST 1985 Oct lastSun 2:00 | |
852 | # 10:00 1:00 EST 1986 Mar Sun<=21 3:00 | |
853 | # 10:00 Oz EST | |
854 | ||
855 | # From Robert Elz (1991-03-06): | |
856 | # I believe that the current start date for DST is "lastSun" in Oct... | |
857 | # that changed Oct 89. That is, we're back to the | |
858 | # original rule, and that rule currently applies in all the states | |
859 | # that have dst, incl Qld. (Certainly it was true in Vic). | |
860 | # The file I'm including says that happened in 1988, I think | |
861 | # that's incorrect, but I'm not 100% certain. | |
862 | ||
863 | # South Australia | |
864 | ||
865 | # From Bradley White (1991-03-04): | |
866 | # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... | |
867 | # ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving | |
868 | # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)... | |
869 | ||
870 | # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): | |
871 | # # The state of SOUTH AUSTRALIA....[ Courtesy of S.A. Dept of Labour ] | |
872 | # # [ Nov 1990 ] | |
873 | # ... | |
874 | # Zone Australia/South 9:30 AS %sST | |
875 | # ... | |
876 | # Rule AS 1971 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D | |
877 | # Rule AS 1972 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C | |
878 | # Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 C | |
879 | # Rule AS 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C | |
880 | ||
881 | # From Bradley White (1992-03-11): | |
882 | # Recent correspondence with a friend in Adelaide | |
883 | # contained the following exchange: "Due to the Adelaide Festival, | |
884 | # South Australia delays setting back our clocks for a few weeks." | |
885 | ||
886 | # From Robert Elz (1992-03-13): | |
887 | # I heard that apparently (or at least, it appears that) | |
888 | # South Aus will have an extra 3 weeks daylight saving every even | |
889 | # numbered year (from 1990). That's when the Adelaide Festival | |
890 | # is on... | |
891 | ||
892 | # From Robert Elz (1992-03-16, 00:57:07 +1000): | |
893 | # DST didn't end in Adelaide today (yesterday).... | |
894 | # But whether it's "4th Sunday" or "2nd last Sunday" I have no idea whatever... | |
895 | # (it's just as likely to be "the Sunday we pick for this year"...). | |
896 | ||
897 | # From Bradley White (1994-04-11): | |
898 | # If Sun, 15 March, 1992 was at +1030 as kre asserts, but yet Sun, 20 March, | |
899 | # 1994 was at +0930 as John Connolly's customer seems to assert, then I can | |
900 | # only conclude that the actual rule is more complicated.... | |
901 | ||
d1ccfde8 | 902 | # From John Warburton (1994-10-07): |
1815bff5 A |
903 | # The new Daylight Savings dates for South Australia ... |
904 | # was gazetted in the Government Hansard on Sep 26 1994.... | |
905 | # start on last Sunday in October and end in last sunday in March. | |
906 | ||
907 | # Tasmania | |
908 | ||
b51d5b5f A |
909 | # The rules for 1967 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd |
910 | # via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): | |
1815bff5 A |
911 | # # The state of TASMANIA.. [Courtesy Tasmanian Dept of Premier + Cabinet ] |
912 | # # [ Nov 1990 ] | |
1815bff5 A |
913 | |
914 | # From Bill Hart via Guy Harris (1991-10-10): | |
915 | # Oh yes, the new daylight savings rules are uniquely tasmanian, we have | |
916 | # 6 weeks a year now when we are out of sync with the rest of Australia | |
917 | # (but nothing new about that). | |
918 | ||
b51d5b5f A |
919 | # From Alex Livingston (1999-10-04): |
920 | # I heard on the ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) radio news on the | |
921 | # (long) weekend that Tasmania, which usually goes its own way in this regard, | |
922 | # has decided to join with most of NSW, the ACT, and most of Victoria | |
923 | # (Australia) and start daylight saving on the last Sunday in August in 2000 | |
924 | # instead of the first Sunday in October. | |
1815bff5 | 925 | |
b51d5b5f A |
926 | # Sim Alam (2000-07-03) reported a legal citation for the 2000/2001 rules: |
927 | # http://www.thelaw.tas.gov.au/fragview/42++1968+GS3A@EN+2000070300 | |
1815bff5 | 928 | |
b51d5b5f A |
929 | # Victoria |
930 | ||
931 | # The rules for 1971 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd | |
932 | # via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): | |
1815bff5 A |
933 | # # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ] |
934 | # # [ Nov 1990 ] | |
1815bff5 | 935 | |
c3a08f59 A |
936 | # From Scott Harrington (2001-08-29): |
937 | # On KQED's "City Arts and Lectures" program last night I heard an | |
938 | # interesting story about daylight savings time. Dr. John Heilbron was | |
939 | # discussing his book "The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar | |
940 | # Observatories"[1], and in particular the Shrine of Remembrance[2] located | |
941 | # in Melbourne, Australia. | |
942 | # | |
943 | # Apparently the shrine's main purpose is a beam of sunlight which | |
944 | # illuminates a special spot on the floor at the 11th hour of the 11th day | |
945 | # of the 11th month (Remembrance Day) every year in memory of Australia's | |
946 | # fallen WWI soldiers. And if you go there on Nov. 11, at 11am local time, | |
947 | # you will indeed see the sunbeam illuminate the special spot at the | |
948 | # expected time. | |
949 | # | |
950 | # However, that is only because of some special mirror contraption that had | |
951 | # to be employed, since due to daylight savings time, the true solar time of | |
952 | # the remembrance moment occurs one hour later (or earlier?). Perhaps | |
953 | # someone with more information on this jury-rig can tell us more. | |
954 | # | |
955 | # [1] http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/HEISUN.html | |
956 | # [2] http://www.shrine.org.au | |
957 | ||
1815bff5 A |
958 | # New South Wales |
959 | ||
960 | # From Arthur David Olson: | |
961 | # New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time. | |
d1ccfde8 | 962 | # Based on law library research by John Mackin, |
1815bff5 A |
963 | # who notes: |
964 | # In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the | |
965 | # individual states. Thus, while such terms as ``Eastern Standard Time'' | |
966 | # [I mean, of course, Australian EST, not any other kind] are in common | |
967 | # use, _they have NO REAL MEANING_, as they are not defined in the | |
968 | # legislation. This is very important to understand. | |
969 | # I have researched New South Wales time only... | |
970 | ||
d1ccfde8 | 971 | # From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-26): |
b51d5b5f A |
972 | # DST will start in NSW on the last Sunday of August, rather than the usual |
973 | # October in 2000. [See: Matthew Moore, | |
974 | # <a href="http://www.smh.com.au/news/9905/26/pageone/pageone4.html"> | |
975 | # Two months more daylight saving | |
976 | # </a> | |
977 | # Sydney Morning Herald (1999-05-26).] | |
978 | ||
979 | # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27): | |
980 | # See the following official NSW source: | |
981 | # <a href="http://dir.gis.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/genobject/document/other/daylightsaving/tigGmZ"> | |
982 | # Daylight Saving in New South Wales. | |
983 | # </a> | |
984 | # | |
985 | # Narrabri Shire (NSW) council has announced it will ignore the extension of | |
986 | # daylight saving next year. See: | |
987 | # <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/neweng/monthly/regeng-22jul1999-1.htm"> | |
988 | # Narrabri Council to ignore daylight saving | |
989 | # </a> (1999-07-22). For now, we'll wait to see if this really happens. | |
990 | # | |
991 | # Victoria will following NSW. See: | |
992 | # <a href="http://abc.net.au/local/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990728112314_1.htm"> | |
993 | # Vic to extend daylight saving | |
994 | # </a> (1999-07-28). | |
995 | # | |
996 | # However, South Australia rejected the DST request. See: | |
997 | # <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990719151754_1.htm"> | |
998 | # South Australia rejects Olympics daylight savings request | |
999 | # </a> (1999-07-19). | |
1000 | # | |
1001 | # Queensland also will not observe DST for the Olympics. See: | |
1002 | # <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/06/item19990601114608_1.htm"> | |
1003 | # Qld says no to daylight savings for Olympics | |
1004 | # </a> (1999-06-01), which quotes Queensland Premier Peter Beattie as saying | |
1005 | # ``Look you've got to remember in my family when this came up last time | |
1006 | # I voted for it, my wife voted against it and she said to me it's all very | |
1007 | # well for you, you don't have to worry about getting the children out of | |
1008 | # bed, getting them to school, getting them to sleep at night. | |
1009 | # I've been through all this argument domestically...my wife rules.'' | |
1010 | # | |
1011 | # Broken Hill will stick with South Australian time in 2000. See: | |
1012 | # <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/brokenh/monthly/regbrok-21jul1999-6.htm"> | |
1013 | # Broken Hill to be behind the times | |
1014 | # </a> (1999-07-21). | |
1815bff5 | 1015 | |
b51d5b5f A |
1016 | # IATA SSIM (1998-09) says that the spring 2000 change for Australian |
1017 | # Capital Territory, New South Wales except Lord Howe Island and Broken | |
1018 | # Hill, and Victoria will be August 27, presumably due to the Sydney Olympics. | |
1815bff5 | 1019 | |
b51d5b5f A |
1020 | # From Eric Ulevik, referring to Sydney's Sun Herald (2000-08-13), page 29: |
1021 | # The Queensland Premier Peter Beattie is encouraging northern NSW | |
1022 | # towns to use Queensland time. | |
1815bff5 A |
1023 | |
1024 | # Yancowinna | |
1025 | ||
b51d5b5f | 1026 | # From John Mackin (1989-01-04): |
1815bff5 A |
1027 | # `Broken Hill' means the County of Yancowinna. |
1028 | ||
1029 | # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): | |
1030 | # # YANCOWINNA.. [ Confirmation courtesy of Broken Hill Postmaster ] | |
1031 | # # [ Dec 1990 ] | |
1032 | # ... | |
b51d5b5f | 1033 | # # Yancowinna uses Central Standard Time, despite [its] location on the |
1815bff5 A |
1034 | # # New South Wales side of the S.A. border. Most business and social dealings |
1035 | # # are with CST zones, therefore CST is legislated by local government | |
1036 | # # although the switch to Summer Time occurs in line with N.S.W. There have | |
1037 | # # been years when this did not apply, but the historical data is not | |
1038 | # # presently available. | |
1039 | # Zone Australia/Yancowinna 9:30 AY %sST | |
1040 | # ... | |
1041 | # Rule AY 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D | |
1042 | # Rule AY 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 C | |
1043 | # [followed by other Rules] | |
1044 | ||
1045 | # Lord Howe Island | |
1046 | ||
1047 | # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): | |
d1ccfde8 | 1048 | # LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen ] |
1815bff5 A |
1049 | # [ Dec 1990 ] |
1050 | # Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an | |
1051 | # hour ahead of NSW time. | |
1052 | ||
b51d5b5f A |
1053 | # From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-01-27): |
1054 | # Lord Howe Island summer time in 2000/2001 will commence on the same | |
1055 | # date as the rest of NSW (i.e. 2000-08-27). For your information the | |
1056 | # Lord Howe Island Board (controlling authority for the Island) is | |
1057 | # seeking the community's views on various options for summer time | |
1058 | # arrangements on the Island, e.g. advance clocks by 1 full hour | |
c3a08f59 | 1059 | # instead of only 30 minutes. Dependant on the wishes of residents |
b51d5b5f A |
1060 | # the Board may approach the NSW government to change the existing |
1061 | # arrangements. The starting date for summer time on the Island will | |
1062 | # however always coincide with the rest of NSW. | |
1063 | ||
1064 | # From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-10-25): | |
1065 | # Lord Howe Island advances clocks by 30 minutes during DST in NSW and retards | |
1066 | # clocks by 30 minutes when DST finishes. Since DST was most recently | |
1067 | # introduced in NSW, the "changeover" time on the Island has been 02:00 as | |
1068 | # shown on clocks on LHI. I guess this means that for 30 minutes at the start | |
1069 | # of DST, LHI is actually 1 hour ahead of the rest of NSW. | |
1070 | ||
1071 | # From Paul Eggert (2001-02-09): | |
1072 | # For Lord Howe dates we use Shanks through 1989, and Lonergan thereafter. | |
1073 | # For times we use Lonergan. | |
1815bff5 A |
1074 | |
1075 | ############################################################################### | |
1076 | ||
b51d5b5f | 1077 | # New Zealand |
1815bff5 A |
1078 | |
1079 | # From Mark Davies (1990-10-03): | |
1080 | # the 1989/90 year was a trial of an extended "daylight saving" period. | |
1081 | # This trial was deemed successful and the extended period adopted for | |
1082 | # subsequent years (with the addition of a further week at the start). | |
1083 | # source -- phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office. | |
1084 | ||
1085 | # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): | |
1086 | # # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that! | |
1087 | # # or is Australia the west island of N.Z. | |
d1ccfde8 | 1088 | # # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Auckland N.Z. ] |
1815bff5 A |
1089 | # # [ Nov 1990 ] |
1090 | # ... | |
1091 | # Rule NZ 1974 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D | |
1092 | # Rule NZ 1989 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D | |
1093 | # Rule NZ 1975 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S | |
1094 | # Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 S | |
1095 | # ... | |
1096 | # Zone NZ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT # New Zealand | |
1097 | # Zone NZ-CHAT 12:45 - NZ-CHAT # Chatham Island | |
1098 | ||
1099 | # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): | |
1100 | # The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989 | |
1101 | # rather than the October 1 value. | |
1102 | ||
1103 | # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19); | |
1104 | # Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand. | |
d1ccfde8 | 1105 | # Robert Uzgalis writes that the New Zealand Daylight |
1815bff5 A |
1106 | # Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard |
1107 | # time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March. | |
1108 | # As with Australia, we'll assume the tradition is 2:00s, not 2:00. | |
1109 | # | |
2fc1e207 A |
1110 | # From Paul Eggert (2003-05-26): |
1111 | # The Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) maintains a brief history, | |
1112 | # as does Carol Squires; see tz-link.htm for the full references. | |
1113 | # Use these sources in preference to Shanks. | |
1114 | # | |
1115 | # For Chatham, IATA SSIM (1991/1999) gives the NZ rules but with | |
1116 | # transitions at 2:45 local standard time; this confirms that Chatham | |
1117 | # is always exactly 45 minutes ahead of Auckland. | |
1815bff5 A |
1118 | |
1119 | ############################################################################### | |
1120 | ||
b51d5b5f | 1121 | |
1815bff5 A |
1122 | # Fiji |
1123 | ||
b51d5b5f A |
1124 | # Howse writes (p 153) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji |
1125 | # enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on Antipodean Time | |
1126 | # instead of the American system (which was one day behind). | |
1127 | ||
1128 | # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08): | |
1129 | # Fiji will introduce DST effective 0200 local time, 1998-11-01 | |
1130 | # until 0300 local time 1999-02-28. Each year the DST period will | |
1131 | # be from the first Sunday in November until the last Sunday in February. | |
1132 | ||
1133 | # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08): | |
1134 | # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time. Go with McDow. | |
1135 | ||
1136 | # From the BBC World Service (1998-10-31 11:32 UTC): | |
1137 | # The Fijiian government says the main reasons for the time change is to | |
1138 | # improve productivity and reduce road accidents. But correspondents say it | |
1139 | # also hopes the move will boost Fiji's ability to compete with other pacific | |
1140 | # islands in the effort to attract tourists to witness the dawning of the new | |
1141 | # millenium. | |
1142 | ||
1143 | # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/press/2000_09/2000_09_13-05.shtml (2000-09-13) | |
1144 | # reports that Fiji has discontinued DST. | |
1815bff5 A |
1145 | |
1146 | # Johnston | |
1147 | ||
1148 | # Johnston data is from usno1995. | |
1149 | ||
b51d5b5f | 1150 | |
1815bff5 A |
1151 | # Kiribati |
1152 | ||
1153 | # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22): | |
1154 | # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati | |
1155 | # ``declared it the same day throught the country as of Jan. 1, 1995'' | |
1156 | # as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century. | |
1157 | ||
b51d5b5f | 1158 | |
1815bff5 A |
1159 | # Kwajalein |
1160 | ||
1161 | # In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes: | |
1162 | # I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday, | |
1163 | # 1993-08-20. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with | |
1164 | # respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands, | |
1165 | # going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink. | |
1166 | ||
b51d5b5f | 1167 | |
1815bff5 A |
1168 | # N Mariana Is, Guam |
1169 | ||
b51d5b5f | 1170 | # Howse writes (p 153) ``The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the |
1815bff5 A |
1171 | # Philippines and the Ladrones from America,'' and implies that the Ladrones |
1172 | # (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time. | |
b51d5b5f A |
1173 | # For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines; |
1174 | # see Asia/Manila. | |
1175 | ||
1176 | # US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UTC+10 the official standard time, | |
1177 | # under the name "Chamorro Standard Time". There is no official abbreviation, | |
1178 | # but Congressman Robert A. Underwood, author of the bill that became law, | |
1179 | # wrote in a press release (2000-12-27) that he will seek the use of "ChST". | |
1180 | ||
1815bff5 A |
1181 | |
1182 | # Micronesia | |
1183 | ||
d1ccfde8 | 1184 | # Alan Eugene Davis writes (1996-03-16), |
1815bff5 A |
1185 | # ``I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that "Truk" |
1186 | # (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10.'' | |
1187 | # | |
b51d5b5f | 1188 | # Shanks writes that Truk switched from UTC+10 to UTC+11 on 1978-10-01; |
1815bff5 A |
1189 | # ignore this for now. |
1190 | ||
b51d5b5f A |
1191 | # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): |
1192 | # The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in | |
1193 | # <a href="http://www.fsmgov.org/info/clocks.html"> | |
1194 | # The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information | |
1195 | # </a> (1999-01-26) | |
1196 | # that Truk and Yap are UTC+10, and Ponape and Kosrae are UTC+11. | |
1197 | # We don't know when Kosrae switched from UTC+12; assume January 1 for now. | |
1198 | ||
1199 | ||
2fc1e207 A |
1200 | # Midway |
1201 | ||
1202 | # From Charles T O'Connor, KMTH DJ (1956), | |
1203 | # quoted in the KTMH section of the Radio Heritage Collection | |
1204 | # <http://radiodx.com/spdxr/KMTH.htm> (2002-12-31): | |
1205 | # For the past two months we've been on what is known as Daylight | |
1206 | # Saving Time. This time has put us on air at 5am in the morning, | |
1207 | # your time down there in New Zealand. Starting September 2, 1956 | |
1208 | # we'll again go back to Standard Time. This'll mean that we'll go to | |
1209 | # air at 6am your time. | |
1210 | # | |
1211 | # From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23): | |
1212 | # We don't know the date of that quote, but we'll guess they | |
1213 | # started DST on June 3. Possibly DST was observed other years | |
1214 | # in Midway, but we have no record of it. | |
1215 | ||
1216 | ||
b51d5b5f A |
1217 | # Pitcairn |
1218 | ||
1219 | # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08): | |
1220 | # A Proclamation was signed by the Governor of Pitcairn on the 27th March 1998 | |
1221 | # with regard to Pitcairn Standard Time. The Proclamation is as follows. | |
1222 | # | |
1223 | # The local time for general purposes in the Islands shall be | |
1224 | # Co-ordinated Universal time minus 8 hours and shall be known | |
1225 | # as Pitcairn Standard Time. | |
1226 | # | |
1227 | # ... I have also seen Pitcairn listed as UTC minus 9 hours in several | |
1228 | # references, and can only assume that this was an error in interpretation | |
1229 | # somehow in light of this proclamation. | |
1230 | ||
1231 | # From Rives McDow (1999-11-09): | |
1232 | # The Proclamation regarding Pitcairn time came into effect on 27 April 1998 | |
1233 | # ... at midnight. | |
1234 | ||
1235 | # From Howie Phelps (1999-11-10), who talked to a Pitcairner via shortwave: | |
1236 | # Betty Christian told me yesterday that their local time is the same as | |
1237 | # Pacific Standard Time. They used to be 1/2 hour different from us here in | |
1238 | # Sacramento but it was changed a couple of years ago. | |
1239 | ||
1240 | ||
1815bff5 A |
1241 | # Samoa |
1242 | ||
b51d5b5f A |
1243 | # Howse writes (p 153, citing p 10 of the 1883-11-18 New York Herald) |
1244 | # that in 1879 the King of Samoa decided to change | |
1815bff5 A |
1245 | # ``the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system, |
1246 | # ordaining -- by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery -- that | |
1247 | # the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year.'' | |
1248 | ||
b51d5b5f | 1249 | |
1815bff5 A |
1250 | # Tonga |
1251 | ||
1252 | # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22): | |
1253 | # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that ``Tonga has been plotting | |
1254 | # to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time.'' | |
1255 | # Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do. | |
b51d5b5f A |
1256 | |
1257 | # Don Mundell writes in the 1997-02-20 Tonga Chronicle | |
1258 | # <a href="http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm"> | |
1259 | # How Tonga became `The Land where Time Begins' | |
1260 | # </a>: | |
1261 | ||
1262 | # Until 1941 Tonga maintained a standard time 50 minutes ahead of NZST | |
1263 | # 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT. When New Zealand adjusted its | |
1264 | # standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its | |
1265 | # local time to come on the same standard time as New Zealand or of | |
1266 | # advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13 degrees | |
1267 | # (approximately 50 minutes ahead of New Zealand time). | |
1268 | # | |
1269 | # Because His Majesty King Taufa'ahau Tupou IV, then Crown Prince | |
1270 | # Tungi, preferred to ensure Tonga's title as the land where time | |
1271 | # begins, the Legislative Assembly approved the latter change. | |
1272 | # | |
1273 | # But some of the older, more conservative members from the outer | |
1274 | # islands objected. "If at midnight on Dec. 31, we move ahead 40 | |
1275 | # minutes, as your Royal Highness wishes, what becomes of the 40 | |
1276 | # minutes we have lost?" | |
1277 | # | |
1278 | # The Crown Prince, presented an unanswerable argument: "Remember that | |
1279 | # on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth | |
1280 | # to say your prayers in the morning." | |
1281 | ||
1282 | # From Paul Eggert (1999-08-12): | |
1283 | # Shanks says the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell. | |
1284 | ||
1285 | # From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03): | |
1286 | # Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millenium | |
1287 | # Committee, has a plan to get Tonga back in front. | |
1288 | # He has proposed a one-off move to tropical daylight saving for Tonga from | |
1289 | # October to March, which has won approval in principle from the Tongan | |
1290 | # Government. | |
1291 | ||
d1ccfde8 | 1292 | # From Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): |
b51d5b5f A |
1293 | # * Tonga will introduce DST in November |
1294 | # | |
d1ccfde8 | 1295 | # I was given this link by John Letts: |
b51d5b5f A |
1296 | # <a hef="http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_424000/424764.stm"> |
1297 | # http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_424000/424764.stm | |
1298 | # </a> | |
1299 | # | |
1300 | # I have not been able to find exact dates for the transition in November | |
1301 | # yet. By reading this article it seems like Fiji will be 14 hours ahead | |
1302 | # of UTC as well, but as far as I know Fiji will only be 13 hours ahead | |
1303 | # (12 + 1 hour DST). | |
1304 | ||
d1ccfde8 | 1305 | # From Arthur David Olson (1999-09-20): |
b51d5b5f A |
1306 | # According to <a href="http://www.tongaonline.com/news/sept1799.html> |
1307 | # http://www.tongaonline.com/news/sept1799.html | |
1308 | # </a>: | |
1309 | # "Daylight Savings Time will take effect on Oct. 2 through April 15, 2000 | |
1310 | # and annually thereafter from the first Saturday in October through the | |
1311 | # third Saturday of April. Under the system approved by Privy Council on | |
1312 | # Sept. 10, clocks must be turned ahead one hour on the opening day and | |
1313 | # set back an hour on the closing date." | |
1314 | # Alas, no indication of the time of day. | |
1315 | ||
1316 | # From Rives McDow (1999-10-06): | |
1317 | # Tonga started its Daylight Saving on Saturday morning October 2nd at 0200am. | |
1318 | # Daylight Saving ends on April 16 at 0300am which is Sunday morning. | |
1319 | ||
1320 | # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-31): | |
1321 | # Back in March I found a notice on the website http://www.tongaonline.com | |
1322 | # that Tonga changed back to standard time one month early, on March 19 | |
1323 | # instead of the original reported date April 16. Unfortunately, the article | |
1324 | # is no longer available on the site, and I did not make a copy of the | |
1325 | # text, and I have forgotten to report it here. | |
1326 | # (Original URL was: http://www.tongaonline.com/news/march162000.htm ) | |
1327 | ||
1328 | # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01): | |
1329 | # Tonga is observing DST as of 2000-11-04 and will stop on 2001-01-27. | |
1330 | ||
c3a08f59 A |
1331 | # From Sione Moala-Mafi (2001-09-20) via Rives McDow: |
1332 | # At 2:00am on the first Sunday of November, the standard time in the Kingdom | |
1333 | # shall be moved forward by one hour to 3:00am. At 2:00am on the last Sunday | |
1334 | # of January the standard time in the Kingdom shall be moved backward by one | |
1335 | # hour to 1:00am. | |
1336 | ||
1337 | # From Pulu 'Anau (2002-11-05): | |
1338 | # The law was for 3 years, supposedly to get renewed. It wasn't. | |
1339 | ||
2fc1e207 A |
1340 | |
1341 | # Wake | |
1342 | ||
1343 | # From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup, | |
1344 | # US Ambassador At Large (oral history interview, 1971-02-02): | |
1345 | # | |
1346 | # Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] -- ... The time was all the | |
1347 | # more confusing at that point, because we had crossed the | |
1348 | # International Date Line, thus getting two Sundays. Furthermore, we | |
1349 | # discovered that Wake Island had two hours of daylight saving time | |
1350 | # making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost | |
1351 | # impossible. | |
1352 | # | |
1353 | # http://www.trumanlibrary.org/wake/meeting.htm | |
1354 | ||
1355 | # From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23): | |
1356 | # We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now. | |
1357 | ||
b51d5b5f A |
1358 | ############################################################################### |
1359 | ||
1360 | # The International Date Line | |
1361 | ||
1362 | # From Gwillim Law (2000-01-03): | |
1363 | # | |
1364 | # The International Date Line is not defined by any international standard, | |
1365 | # convention, or treaty. Mapmakers are free to draw it as they please. | |
1366 | # Reputable mapmakers will simply ensure that every point of land appears on | |
1367 | # the correct side of the IDL, according to the date legally observed there. | |
1368 | # | |
1369 | # When Kiribati adopted a uniform date in 1995, thereby moving the Phoenix and | |
1370 | # Line Islands to the west side of the IDL (or, if you prefer, moving the IDL | |
1371 | # to the east side of the Phoenix and Line Islands), I suppose that most | |
1372 | # mapmakers redrew the IDL following the boundary of Kiribati. Even that line | |
1373 | # has a rather arbitrary nature. The straight-line boundaries between Pacific | |
1374 | # island nations that are shown on many maps are based on an international | |
d1ccfde8 | 1375 | # convention, but are not legally binding national borders.... The date is |
b51d5b5f A |
1376 | # governed by the IDL; therefore, even on the high seas, there may be some |
1377 | # places as late as fourteen hours later than UTC. And, since the IDL is not | |
1378 | # an international standard, there are some places on the high seas where the | |
1379 | # correct date is ambiguous. | |
d1ccfde8 A |
1380 | |
1381 | # From Wikipedia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone> (2005-08-31): | |
1382 | # Before 1920, all ships kept local apparent time on the high seas by setting | |
1383 | # their clocks at night or at the morning sight so that, given the ship's | |
1384 | # speed and direction, it would be 12 o'clock when the Sun crossed the ship's | |
1385 | # meridian (12 o'clock = local apparent noon). During 1917, at the | |
1386 | # Anglo-French Conference on Time-keeping at Sea, it was recommended that all | |
1387 | # ships, both military and civilian, should adopt hourly standard time zones | |
1388 | # on the high seas. Whenever a ship was within the territorial waters of any | |
1389 | # nation it would use that nation's standard time. The captain was permitted | |
1390 | # to change his ship's clocks at a time of his choice following his ship's | |
1391 | # entry into another zone time--he often chose midnight. These zones were | |
1392 | # adopted by all major fleets between 1920 and 1925 but not by many | |
1393 | # independent merchant ships until World War II. | |
1394 | ||
1395 | # From Paul Eggert, using references suggested by Oscar van Vlijmen | |
1396 | # (2005-03-20): | |
1397 | # | |
1398 | # The American Practical Navigator (2002) | |
1399 | # <http://pollux.nss.nima.mil/pubs/pubs_j_apn_sections.html?rid=187> | |
1400 | # talks only about the 180-degree meridian with respect to ships in | |
1401 | # international waters; it ignores the international date line. |