.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
-.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
-.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
-.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" @(#)find.1 8.7 (Berkeley) 5/9/95
-.\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/find/find.1,v 1.81 2006/12/13 17:02:50 ru Exp $
+.\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/find/find.1,v 1.91 2011/09/28 18:53:36 ed Exp $
.\"
-.Dd December 13, 2006
+.Dd September 28, 2011
.Dt FIND 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm
.Op Fl H | Fl L | Fl P
.Op Fl EXdsx
-.Op Fl f Ar pathname
-.Ar pathname ...
-.Ar expression
+.Op Fl f Ar path
+.Ar path ...
+.Op Ar expression
.Nm
.Op Fl H | Fl L | Fl P
.Op Fl EXdsx
-.Fl f Ar pathname
-.Op Ar pathname ...
-.Ar expression
+.Fl f Ar path
+.Op Ar path ...
+.Op Ar expression
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
utility recursively descends the directory tree for each
-.Ar pathname
+.Ar path
listed, evaluating an
.Ar expression
(composed of the
.Ic -regex
and
.Ic -iregex
-options as extended (modern) regular expressions rather than basic
+primaries as extended (modern) regular expressions rather than basic
regular expressions (BRE's).
The
.Xr re_format 7
.Ic -depth
primary of
.St -p1003.1-2001 .
+The
.Fl d
+option
can be useful when
.Nm
is used with
primary.
.El
.Sh PRIMARIES
+.Pp
+All primaries which take a numeric argument allow the number to be
+preceded by a plus sign
+.Pq Dq Li +
+or a minus sign
+.Pq Dq Li - .
+A preceding plus sign means
+.Dq more than n ,
+a preceding minus sign means
+.Dq less than n
+and neither means
+.Dq exactly n .
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Ic -Bmin Ar n
True if the difference between the time of a file's inode creation
Please refer to the
.Ic -atime
primary description for information on supported time units.
-.\" .It Ic -acl
-.\" May be used in conjunction with other options to locate
-.\" files with extended ACLs.
-.\" See
-.\" .Xr acl 3
-.\" for more information.
+.It Ic -acl
+May be used in conjunction with other primaries to locate
+files with extended ACLs.
+See
+.Xr acl 3
+for more information.
.It Ic -amin Ar n
True if the difference between the file last access time and the time
.Nm
Please refer to the
.Ic -atime
primary description for information on supported time units.
+.It Ic -d
+Same as
+.Ic depth .
+GNU find implements this as a primary in mistaken emulation of
+.Fx
+.Xr find 1 .
.It Ic -delete
Delete found files and/or directories.
Always returns true.
.Dq Pa \&.
for security reasons.
Depth-first traversal processing is implied by this option.
+Following symlinks is incompatible with this option.
.It Ic -depth
Always true;
same as the
the string
.Dq Li {}
is not qualified.
+.It Ic -execdir Ar utility Oo Ar argument ... Oc Li {} +
+Same as
+.Ic -execdir ,
+except that
+.Dq Li {}
+is replaced with as many pathnames as possible for each invocation of
+.Ar utility .
+This behaviour is similar to that of
+.Xr xargs 1 .
.It Ic -flags Oo Cm - Ns | Ns Cm + Oc Ns Ar flags , Ns Ar notflags
The flags are specified using symbolic names (see
.Xr chflags 1 ) .
True if the file is contained in a file system of type
.Ar type .
The
-.Xr sysctl 8
+.Xr lsvfs 1
command can be used to find out the types of file systems
-that are available on the system:
-.Pp
-.Dl "sysctl vfs"
-.Pp
+that are available on the system.
In addition, there are two pseudo-types,
.Dq Li local
and
.Nm
is being executed and the latter matches any file system which is
mounted read-only.
+.It Ic -gid Ar gname
+The same thing as
+.Ar -group Ar gname
+for compatibility with GNU find.
+GNU find imposes a restriction that
+.Ar gname
+is numeric, while
+.Xr find 1
+does not.
.It Ic -group Ar gname
True if the file belongs to the group
.Ar gname .
is numeric and there is no such group name, then
.Ar gname
is treated as a group ID.
+.It Ic -ignore_readdir_race
+This option is for GNU find compatibility and is ignored.
+.It Ic -ilname Ar pattern
+Like
+.Ic -lname ,
+but the match is case insensitive.
+This is a GNU find extension.
.It Ic -iname Ar pattern
Like
.Ic -name ,
Like
.Ic -regex ,
but the match is case insensitive.
+.It Ic -iwholename Ar pattern
+The same thing as
+.Ic -ipath ,
+for GNU find compatibility.
.It Ic -links Ar n
True if the file has
.Ar n
links.
+.It Ic -lname Ar pattern
+Like
+.Ic -name ,
+but the contents of the symbolic link are matched instead of the file
+name.
+Note that this only matches broken symbolic links
+if symbolic links are being followed.
+This is a GNU find extension.
.It Ic -ls
This primary always evaluates to true.
The following information for the current file is written to standard output:
its inode number, size in 512-byte blocks, file permissions, number of hard
links, owner, group, size in bytes, last modification time, and pathname.
-If the file is a block or character special file, the major and minor numbers
+If the file is a block or character special file, the device number
will be displayed instead of the size in bytes.
If the file is a symbolic link, the pathname of the linked-to file will be
displayed preceded by
.Dq Li -> .
The format is identical to that produced by
.Bk -words
-.Nm ls Fl dgils .
+.Dq Nm ls Fl dgils .
.Ek
.It Ic -maxdepth Ar n
Always true; descend at most
.Ic -maxdepth
primary is specified, it applies to the entire expression even if it would
not normally be evaluated.
-.Ic -maxdepth Li 0
+.Dq Ic -maxdepth Li 0
limits the whole search to the command line arguments.
.It Ic -mindepth Ar n
Always true; do not apply any tests or actions at levels less than
.Ic -mindepth
primary is specified, it applies to the entire expression even if it would
not normally be evaluated.
-.Ic -mindepth Li 1
+.Dq Ic -mindepth Li 1
processes all but the command line arguments.
.It Ic -mmin Ar n
True if the difference between the file last modification time and the time
.It Ic -mnewer Ar file
Same as
.Ic -newer .
+.It Ic -mount
+The same thing as
+.Ic -xdev ,
+for GNU find compatibility.
.It Ic -mtime Ar n Ns Op Cm smhdw
If no units are specified, this primary evaluates to
true if the difference between the file last modification time and the time
.Ar file .
.It Ic -newer Ns Ar X Ns Ar Y Ar file
True if the current file has a more recent last access time
-.Ar ( X Ns = Ns Cm a ) ,
+.Pq Ar X Ns = Ns Cm a ,
inode creation time
-.Ar ( X Ns = Ns Cm B ) ,
+.Pq Ar X Ns = Ns Cm B ,
change time
-.Ar ( X Ns = Ns Cm c ) ,
+.Pq Ar X Ns = Ns Cm c ,
or modification time
-.Ar ( X Ns = Ns Cm m )
+.Pq Ar X Ns = Ns Cm m
than the last access time
-.Ar ( Y Ns = Ns Cm a ) ,
+.Pq Ar Y Ns = Ns Cm a ,
inode creation time
-.Ar ( Y Ns = Ns Cm B ) ,
+.Pq Ar Y Ns = Ns Cm B ,
change time
-.Ar ( Y Ns = Ns Cm c ) ,
+.Pq Ar Y Ns = Ns Cm c ,
or modification time
-.Ar ( Y Ns = Ns Cm m )
+.Pq Ar Y Ns = Ns Cm m
of
.Ar file .
In addition, if
.Ic -newer .
.It Ic -nogroup
True if the file belongs to an unknown group.
+.It Ic -noignore_readdir_race
+This option is for GNU find compatibility and is ignored.
+.It Ic -noleaf
+This option is for GNU find compatibility.
+In GNU find it disables an optimization not relevant to
+.Xr find 1 ,
+so it is ignored.
.It Ic -nouser
True if the file belongs to an unknown user.
.It Ic -ok Ar utility Oo Ar argument ... Oc Li \&;
.Dq Li xyzzy
or
.Dq Li /foo/ .
+.It Ic -samefile Ar name
+True if the file is a hard link to
+.Ar name .
+If the command option
+.Ic -L
+is specified, it is also true if the file is a symbolic link and
+points to
+.Ar name .
.It Ic -size Ar n Ns Op Cm ckMGTP
True if the file's size, rounded up, in 512-byte blocks is
.Ar n .
.It Cm P
petabytes (1024 terabytes)
.El
-.Pp
.It Ic -type Ar t
True if the file is of the specified type.
Possible file types are as follows:
.It Cm s
socket
.El
+.It Ic -uid Ar uname
+The same thing as
+.Ar -user Ar uname
+for compatibility with GNU find.
+GNU find imposes a restriction that
+.Ar uname
+is numeric, while
+.Xr find 1
+does not.
.It Ic -user Ar uname
True if the file belongs to the user
.Ar uname .
is numeric and there is no such user name, then
.Ar uname
is treated as a user ID.
+.It Ic -wholename Ar pattern
+The same thing as
+.Ic -path ,
+for GNU find compatibility.
+.It Ic -xattr
+True if the file has any extended attributes.
+.It Ic -xattrname Ar name
+True if the file has an extended attribute with the specified
+.Ar name .
.El
-.Pp
-All primaries which take a numeric argument allow the number to be
-preceded by a plus sign
-.Pq Dq Li +
-or a minus sign
-.Pq Dq Li - .
-A preceding plus sign means
-.Dq more than n ,
-a preceding minus sign means
-.Dq less than n
-and neither means
-.Dq exactly n .
.Sh OPERATORS
The primaries may be combined using the following operators.
The operators are listed in order of decreasing precedence.
.Pp
-.Bl -tag -width "( expression )" -compact
+.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
.It Cm \&( Ar expression Cm \&)
This evaluates to true if the parenthesized expression evaluates to
true.
.Pp
.It Cm \&! Ar expression
-.It Cm -false Ar expression
.It Cm -not Ar expression
This is the unary
.Tn NOT
operator.
It evaluates to true if the expression is false.
.Pp
+.It Cm -false
+Always false.
+.It Cm -true
+Always true.
+.Pp
.It Ar expression Cm -and Ar expression
.It Ar expression expression
The
Use the
.Xr echo 1
command to print out a list of all the files.
-.It Li "find -L /usr/ports/packages -type l -delete"
+.It Li "find -L /usr/ports/packages -type l -exec rm -- {} +"
Delete all broken symbolic links in
.Pa /usr/ports/packages .
.It Li "find /usr/src -name CVS -prune -o -depth +6 -print"
.Xr chmod 1 ,
.Xr cvs 1 ,
.Xr locate 1 ,
+.Xr lsvfs 1 ,
.Xr whereis 1 ,
.Xr which 1 ,
.Xr xargs 1 ,
.Xr stat 2 ,
-.\" .Xr acl 3 ,
+.Xr acl 3 ,
.Xr fts 3 ,
.Xr getgrent 3 ,
.Xr getpwent 3 ,
standard.
.Pp
All the single character options except
-.Ic -H
+.Fl H
and
-.Ic -L
+.Fl L
as well as
.Ic -amin , -anewer , -cmin , -cnewer , -delete , -empty , -fstype ,
.Ic -iname , -inum , -iregex , -ls , -maxdepth , -mindepth , -mmin ,
.Ic -path , -print0 , -regex
and all of the
-.Ic -B
+.Ic -B*
birthtime related primaries are extensions to
.St -p1003.1-2001 .
.Pp
projects / apple / shell_cmds.git / blobdiff