shell_cmds-53.tar.gz

[apple/shell_cmds.git] / find / find.1

diff --git a/find/find.1 b/find/find.1
index 969233768a94d04eb2318d3f2b30d22f172186fa..5a3ad9619d97b989f37d36395db87be5cb9f5530 100644 (file)
--- a/find/find.1
+++ b/find/find.1
@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-.\"    $NetBSD: find.1,v 1.14 1998/05/27 13:15:30 msaitoh Exp $
-.\"
-.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993

 .\"    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 .\"
 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 .\"    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 .\"
 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by


@@ -34,48 +31,63 @@
 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"

-.\"    from: @(#)find.1        8.7 (Berkeley) 5/9/95
+.\"    @(#)find.1      8.7 (Berkeley) 5/9/95
+.\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/find/find.1,v 1.23.2.14 2001/12/14 15:53:30 ru Exp $

 .\"
 .\"

-.Dd May 9, 1995
+.Dd May 3, 2001

 .Dt FIND 1
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm find
 .Nd walk a file hierarchy
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Dt FIND 1
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm find
 .Nd walk a file hierarchy
 .Sh SYNOPSIS

-.Nm find
+.Nm

 .Op Fl H | Fl L | Fl P
 .Op Fl H | Fl L | Fl P

-.Op Fl Xdx
-.Op Fl f Ar file
-.Op Ar file ...
+.Op Fl EXdsx
+.Op Fl f Ar pathname
+.Op Ar pathname ...

 .Ar expression
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 .Ar expression
 .Sh DESCRIPTION

-.Nm
+.Nm Find

 recursively descends the directory tree for each
 recursively descends the directory tree for each

-.Ar file
+.Ar pathname

 listed, evaluating an
 .Ar expression
 listed, evaluating an
 .Ar expression

-(composed of the ``primaries'' and ``operands'' listed below) in terms
+(composed of the
+.Dq primaries
+and
+.Dq operands
+listed below) in terms

 of each file in the tree.
 .Pp
 The options are as follows:
 of each file in the tree.
 .Pp
 The options are as follows:

-.Pp
-.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.Bl -tag -width indent
+.It Fl E
+Interpret regular expressions followed by
+.Ic -regex
+and
+.Ic -iregex
+options as extended (modern) regular expressions rather than basic
+regular expressions (BRE's).
+The
+.Xr re_format 7
+manual page fully describes both formats.

 .It Fl H
 The
 .Fl H
 option causes the file information and file type (see
 .It Fl H
 The
 .Fl H
 option causes the file information and file type (see

-.Xr stat 2 ) ,
-returned for each symbolic link encountered on the command line to be 
+.Xr stat 2 )
+returned for each symbolic link specified on the command line to be

 those of the file referenced by the link, not the link itself.
 If the referenced file does not exist, the file information and type will
 those of the file referenced by the link, not the link itself.
 If the referenced file does not exist, the file information and type will

-be for the link itself.  File information of all symbolic links not on 
+be for the link itself.
+File information of all symbolic links not on

 the command line is that of the link itself.
 .It Fl L
 The
 .Fl L
 option causes the file information and file type (see
 the command line is that of the link itself.
 .It Fl L
 The
 .Fl L
 option causes the file information and file type (see

-.Xr stat 2)
+.Xr stat 2 )

 returned for each symbolic link to be those of the file referenced by the
 link, not the link itself.
 If the referenced file does not exist, the file information and type will
 returned for each symbolic link to be those of the file referenced by the
 link, not the link itself.
 If the referenced file does not exist, the file information and type will


@@ -84,8 +96,9 @@ be for the link itself.
 The
 .Fl P
 option causes the file information and file type (see
 The
 .Fl P
 option causes the file information and file type (see

-.Xr stat 2)
+.Xr stat 2 )

 returned for each symbolic link to be those of the link itself.
 returned for each symbolic link to be those of the link itself.

+This is the default.

 .It Fl X
 The
 .Fl X
 .It Fl X
 The
 .Fl X


@@ -94,24 +107,29 @@ option is a modification to permit
 to be safely used in conjunction with
 .Xr xargs 1 .
 If a file name contains any of the delimiting characters used by
 to be safely used in conjunction with
 .Xr xargs 1 .
 If a file name contains any of the delimiting characters used by

-.Xr xargs ,
+.Xr xargs 1 ,

 a diagnostic message is displayed on standard error, and the file
 is skipped.
 a diagnostic message is displayed on standard error, and the file
 is skipped.

-The delimiting characters include single (`` ' '') and double (`` " '')
-quotes, backslash (``\e''), space, tab and newline characters.
+The delimiting characters include single
+.Pq Dq Li " ' "
+and double
+.Pq Dq Li " \*q "
+quotes, backslash
+.Pq Dq Li \e ,
+space, tab and newline characters.

 .It Fl d
 The
 .Fl d
 option causes
 .Nm
 .It Fl d
 The
 .Fl d
 option causes
 .Nm

-to perform a depth\-first traversal, i.e. directories
+to perform a depth\-first traversal, i.e., directories

 are visited in post\-order and all entries in a directory will be acted
 on before the directory itself.
 By default,
 .Nm
 are visited in post\-order and all entries in a directory will be acted
 on before the directory itself.
 By default,
 .Nm

-visits directories in pre\-order, i.e. before their contents.
+visits directories in pre\-order, i.e., before their contents.

 Note, the default is
 Note, the default is

-.Ar not
+.Em not

 a breadth\-first traversal.
 .It Fl f
 The
 a breadth\-first traversal.
 .It Fl f
 The


@@ -121,15 +139,18 @@ option specifies a file hierarchy for
 to traverse.
 File hierarchies may also be specified as the operands immediately
 following the options.
 to traverse.
 File hierarchies may also be specified as the operands immediately
 following the options.

-.It Fl h
+.It Fl s

 The
 The

-.Fl h
-option causes the file information and file type (see
-.Xr stat  2  ) ,
-returned for each symbolic link to be those of the file referenced by the
-link, not the link itself.
-If the referenced file does not exist, the file information and type will
-be for the link itself.
+.Fl s
+option causes
+.Nm
+to traverse the file hierarchies in lexicographical order,
+i.e., alphabetical order within each directory.
+Note:
+.Ql find -s
+and
+.Ql "find | sort"
+may give different results.

 .It Fl x
 The
 .Fl x
 .It Fl x
 The
 .Fl x


@@ -139,62 +160,189 @@ from descending into directories that have a device number different
 than that of the file from which the descent began.
 .El
 .Sh PRIMARIES
 than that of the file from which the descent began.
 .El
 .Sh PRIMARIES

-.Bl -tag -width Ds
-.It Ic -atime Ar n 
+.Bl -tag -width indent
+.It Ic -amin Ar n
+True if the difference between the file last access time and the time
+.Nm
+was started, rounded up to the next full minute, is
+.Ar n
+minutes.
+.It Ic -anewer Ar file
+Same as
+.Ic -neweram .
+.It Ic -atime Ar n

 True if the difference between the file last access time and the time
 .Nm
 was started, rounded up to the next full 24\-hour period, is
 .Ar n
 24\-hour periods.
 True if the difference between the file last access time and the time
 .Nm
 was started, rounded up to the next full 24\-hour period, is
 .Ar n
 24\-hour periods.

-.It Ic -ctime Ar n 
+.It Ic -cmin Ar n
+True if the difference between the time of last change of file status
+information and the time
+.Nm
+was started, rounded up to the next full minute, is
+.Ar n
+minutes.
+.It Ic -cnewer Ar file
+Same as
+.Ic -newercm .
+.It Ic -ctime Ar n

 True if the difference between the time of last change of file status
 information and the time
 .Nm
 was started, rounded up to the next full 24\-hour period, is
 .Ar n
 24\-hour periods.
 True if the difference between the time of last change of file status
 information and the time
 .Nm
 was started, rounded up to the next full 24\-hour period, is
 .Ar n
 24\-hour periods.

-.It Ic -exec Ar utility Op argument ... ; 
+.It Ic -delete
+Delete found files and/or directories.
+Always returns true.
+This executes
+from the current working directory as
+.Nm
+recurses down the tree.
+It will not attempt to delete a filename with a
+.Dq Pa /
+character in its pathname relative to
+.Dq Pa \&.
+for security reasons.
+Depth\-first traversal processing is implied by this option.
+.It Ic -depth
+Always true;
+same as the
+.Fl d
+option.
+.Ic -depth
+can be useful when
+.Nm
+is used with
+.Xr cpio 1
+to process files that are contained in directories with unusual permissions.
+It enures that you have write permission while you are placing files in a
+directory, then sets the directory's permissions as the last thing.
+.It Ic -empty
+True if the current file or directory is empty.
+.It Ic -exec Ar utility Op Ar argument ... ;

 True if the program named
 .Ar utility
 returns a zero value as its exit status.
 True if the program named
 .Ar utility
 returns a zero value as its exit status.

-Optional arguments may be passed to the utility.
-The expression must be terminated by a semicolon (``;'').
-If the string ``{}'' appears anywhere in the utility name or the
+Optional
+.Ar arguments
+may be passed to the utility.
+The expression must be terminated by a semicolon
+.Pq Dq Li \&; .
+If the string
+.Dq Li {}
+appears anywhere in the utility name or the

 arguments it is replaced by the pathname of the current file.
 .Ar Utility
 will be executed from the directory from which
 .Nm
 was executed.
 arguments it is replaced by the pathname of the current file.
 .Ar Utility
 will be executed from the directory from which
 .Nm
 was executed.

-.It Ic -follow
-Follow symbolic links.
-.It Ic -fstype Ar type 
+.Ar Utility
+and
+.Ar arguments
+are not subject to the further expansion of shell patterns
+and constructs.
+.It Ic -execdir Ar utility Op Ar argument ... ;
+The
+.Ic -execdir
+primary is identical to the
+.Ic -exec
+primary with the exception that
+.Ar utility
+will be executed from the directory that holds
+the current file.
+The filename substituted for
+the string
+.Dq Li {}
+is not qualified.
+.It Ic -flags Oo Cm - Ns | Ns Cm + Oc Ns Ar flags , Ns Ar notflags
+The flags are specified using symbolic names (see
+.Xr chflags 1 ) .
+Those with the
+.Qq Li no
+prefix (except
+.Qq Li nodump )
+are said to be
+.Ar notflags .
+Flags in
+.Ar flags
+are checked to be set, and flags in
+.Ar notflags
+are checked to be not set.
+Note that this is different from
+.Ic -perm ,
+which only allows the user to specify mode bits that are set.
+.Pp
+If flags are preceded by a dash
+.Pq Dq Li - ,
+this primary evaluates to true
+if at least all of the bits in
+.Ar flags
+and none of the bits in
+.Ar notflags
+are set in the file's flags bits.
+If flags are preceded by a plus
+.Pq Dq Li + ,
+this primary evaluates to true
+if any of the bits in
+.Ar flags
+is set in the file's flags bits,
+or any of the bits in
+.Ar notflags
+is not set in the file's flags bits.
+Otherwise,
+this primary evaluates to true
+if the bits in
+.Ar flags
+exactly match the file's flags bits,
+and none of the
+.Ar flags
+bits match those of
+.Ar notflags .
+.It Ic -fstype Ar type

 True if the file is contained in a file system of type
 .Ar type .
 The
 .Xr sysctl 8
 command can be used to find out the types of filesystems
 that are available on the system:
 True if the file is contained in a file system of type
 .Ar type .
 The
 .Xr sysctl 8
 command can be used to find out the types of filesystems
 that are available on the system:

-.Bd -literal -offset indent
-sysctl vfs
-.Ed
-In addition, there are two pseudo-types, ``local'' and ``rdonly''.
+.Pp
+.Dl "sysctl vfs"
+.Pp
+In addition, there are two pseudo-types,
+.Dq Li local
+and
+.Dq Li rdonly .

 The former matches any file system physically mounted on the system where
 the
 .Nm
 The former matches any file system physically mounted on the system where
 the
 .Nm

-is being executed, and the latter matches any file system which is
+is being executed and the latter matches any file system which is

 mounted read-only.
 mounted read-only.

-.It Ic -group Ar gname 
+.It Ic -group Ar gname

 True if the file belongs to the group
 True if the file belongs to the group

-.Ar gname  .
+.Ar gname .

 If
 .Ar gname
 is numeric and there is no such group name, then
 .Ar gname
 If
 .Ar gname
 is numeric and there is no such group name, then
 .Ar gname

-is treated as a group id.
-.It Ic -inum Ar n 
+is treated as a group ID.
+.It Ic -iname Ar pattern
+Like
+.Ic -name ,
+but the match is case insensitive.
+.It Ic -inum Ar n

 True if the file has inode number
 True if the file has inode number

-.Ar n  .
-.It Ic -links Ar n 
+.Ar n .
+.It Ic -ipath Ar pattern
+Like
+.Ic -path ,
+but the match is case insensitive.
+.It Ic -iregex Ar pattern
+Like
+.Ic -regex ,
+but the match is case insensitive.
+.It Ic -links Ar n

 True if the file has
 .Ar n
 links.
 True if the file has
 .Ar n
 links.


@@ -206,97 +354,177 @@ links, owner, group, size in bytes, last modification time, and pathname.
 If the file is a block or character special file, the major and minor numbers
 will be displayed instead of the size in bytes.
 If the file is a symbolic link, the pathname of the linked\-to file will be
 If the file is a block or character special file, the major and minor numbers
 will be displayed instead of the size in bytes.
 If the file is a symbolic link, the pathname of the linked\-to file will be

-displayed preceded by ``\->''.
-The format is identical to that produced by ``ls \-dgils''.
-.It Ic -mtime Ar n 
+displayed preceded by
+.Dq Li -> .
+The format is identical to that produced by
+.Bk -words
+.Nm ls Fl dgils .
+.Ek
+.It Ic -maxdepth Ar n
+True if the depth of the current file into the tree is less than or equal to
+.Ar n .
+.It Ic -mindepth Ar n
+True if the depth of the current file into the tree is greater than or equal to
+.Ar n .
+.It Ic -mmin Ar n
+True if the difference between the file last modification time and the time
+.Nm
+was started, rounded up to the next full minute, is
+.Ar n
+minutes.
+.It Ic -mnewer Ar file
+Same as
+.Ic -newer .
+.It Ic -mtime Ar n

 True if the difference between the file last modification time and the time
 .Nm
 was started, rounded up to the next full 24\-hour period, is
 .Ar n
 24\-hour periods.
 True if the difference between the file last modification time and the time
 .Nm
 was started, rounded up to the next full 24\-hour period, is
 .Ar n
 24\-hour periods.

-.It Ic \&-ok Ar utility Op argument ... ; 
+.It Ic -name Ar pattern
+True if the last component of the pathname being examined matches
+.Ar pattern .
+Special shell pattern matching characters
+.Dq ( Li \&[ ,
+.Dq Li \&] ,
+.Dq Li * ,
+and
+.Dq Li \&? )
+may be used as part of
+.Ar pattern .
+These characters may be matched explicitly by escaping them with a
+backslash
+.Pq Dq Li \e .
+.It Ic -newer Ar file
+True if the current file has a more recent last modification time than
+.Ar file .
+.It Ic -newer Ns Ar X Ns Ar Y Ar file
+True if the current file has a more recent last access time
+.Ar ( X Ns = Ns Cm a ) ,
+change time
+.Ar ( X Ns = Ns Cm c ) ,
+or modification time
+.Ar ( X Ns = Ns Cm m )
+than the last access time
+.Ar ( Y Ns = Ns Cm a ) ,
+change time
+.Ar ( Y Ns = Ns Cm c ) ,
+or modification time
+.Ar ( Y Ns = Ns Cm m )
+of
+.Ar file .
+In addition, if
+.Ar Y Ns = Ns Cm t ,
+then
+.Ar file
+is instead interpreted as a direct date specification of the form
+understood by
+.Xr cvs 1 .
+Note that
+.Ic -newermm
+is equivalent to
+.Ic -newer .
+.It Ic -nogroup
+True if the file belongs to an unknown group.
+.It Ic -nouser
+True if the file belongs to an unknown user.
+.It Ic -ok Ar utility Op Ar argument ... ;

 The
 The

-.Ic \&-ok
+.Ic -ok

 primary is identical to the
 .Ic -exec
 primary with the exception that
 .Nm
 primary is identical to the
 .Ic -exec
 primary with the exception that
 .Nm

-requests user affirmation for the execution of the utility by printing
+requests user affirmation for the execution of the
+.Ar utility
+by printing

 a message to the terminal and reading a response.
 a message to the terminal and reading a response.

-If the response is other than ``y'' the command is not executed and the
+If the response is other than
+.Dq Li y
+the command is not executed and the

 value of the
 value of the

-.Ar \&ok
+.Ic -ok

 expression is false.
 expression is false.

-.It Ic -name Ar pattern 
-True if the last component of the pathname being examined matches
-.Ar pattern  .
-Special shell pattern matching characters (``['', ``]'', ``*'', and ``?'')
-may be used as part of
-.Ar pattern  .
-These characters may be matched explicitly by escaping them with a
-backslash (``\e'').
-.It Ic -newer Ar file 
-True if the current file has a more recent last modification time than
-.Ar file  .
-.It Ic -nouser
-True if the file belongs to an unknown user.
-.It Ic -nogroup
-True if the file belongs to an unknown group.
-.It Ic -path Ar pattern 
+.It Ic -okdir Ar utility Op Ar argument ... ;
+The
+.Ic -okdir
+primary is identical to the
+.Ic -execdir
+primary with the same exception as described for the
+.Ic -ok
+primary.
+.It Ic -path Ar pattern

 True if the pathname being examined matches
 True if the pathname being examined matches

-.Ar pattern  .
-Special shell pattern matching characters (``['', ``]'', ``*'', and ``?'')
+.Ar pattern .
+Special shell pattern matching characters
+.Dq ( Li \&[ ,
+.Dq Li \&] ,
+.Dq Li * ,
+and
+.Dq Li \&? )

 may be used as part of
 may be used as part of

-.Ar pattern  .
+.Ar pattern .

 These characters may be matched explicitly by escaping them with a
 These characters may be matched explicitly by escaping them with a

-backslash (``\e'').
-Slashes (``/'') are treated as normal characters and do not have to be
+backslash
+.Pq Dq Li \e .
+Slashes
+.Pq Dq Li /
+are treated as normal characters and do not have to be

 matched explicitly.
 matched explicitly.

-.It Ic -perm Op Fl Ns Ar mode 
+.It Ic -perm Oo Cm - Ns | Ns Cm + Oc Ns Ar mode

 The
 .Ar mode
 may be either symbolic (see
 The
 .Ar mode
 may be either symbolic (see

-.Xr chmod  1  )
+.Xr chmod 1 )

 or an octal number.
 or an octal number.

-If the mode is symbolic, a starting value of zero is assumed and the
-mode sets or clears permissions without regard to the process' file mode
+If the
+.Ar mode
+is symbolic, a starting value of zero is assumed and the
+.Ar mode
+sets or clears permissions without regard to the process' file mode

 creation mask.
 creation mask.

-If the mode is octal, only bits 07777
-.Pf ( Dv S_ISUID
-|
-.Dv S_ISGID
-|
-.Dv S_ISTXT
-|
-.Dv S_IRWXU
-|
-.Dv S_IRWXG
-|
-.Dv S_IRWXO )
+If the
+.Ar mode
+is octal, only bits 07777
+.Pq Dv S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_ISTXT | S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO

 of the file's mode bits participate
 in the comparison.
 of the file's mode bits participate
 in the comparison.

-If the mode is preceded by a dash (``\-''), this primary evaluates to true
-if at least all of the bits in the mode are set in the file's mode bits.
-If the mode is not preceded by a dash, this primary evaluates to true if
-the bits in the mode exactly match the file's mode bits.
-Note, the first character of a symbolic mode may not be a dash (``\-'').
+If the
+.Ar mode
+is preceded by a dash
+.Pq Dq Li - ,
+this primary evaluates to true
+if at least all of the bits in the
+.Ar mode
+are set in the file's mode bits.
+If the
+.Ar mode
+is preceded by a plus
+.Pq Dq Li + ,
+this primary evaluates to true
+if any of the bits in the
+.Ar mode
+are set in the file's mode bits.
+Otherwise, this primary evaluates to true if
+the bits in the
+.Ar mode
+exactly match the file's mode bits.
+Note, the first character of a symbolic mode may not be a dash
+.Pq Dq Li - .

 .It Ic -print
 This primary always evaluates to true.
 .It Ic -print
 This primary always evaluates to true.

-It prints the pathname of the current file to standard output, followed
-by a newline character.
+It prints the pathname of the current file to standard output.

 If none of
 If none of

-.Ic -exec ,
-.Ic -ls ,
-.Ic -ok ,
-nor
-.Ic -print0
+.Ic -exec , -ls , -print0 ,
+or
+.Ic -ok

 is specified, the given expression shall be effectively replaced by
 is specified, the given expression shall be effectively replaced by

-.Cm \&( Ns Ar given\& expression Ns Cm \&) 
-.Ic -print .
+.Cm \&( Ar "given expression" Cm \&) Ic -print .

 .It Ic -print0
 This primary always evaluates to true.
 .It Ic -print0
 This primary always evaluates to true.

-It prints the pathname of the current file to standard output, followed
-by a null character.
+It prints the pathname of the current file to standard output, followed by an
+.Tn ASCII NUL
+character (character code 0).

 .It Ic -prune
 This primary always evaluates to true.
 It causes
 .It Ic -prune
 This primary always evaluates to true.
 It causes


@@ -307,22 +535,36 @@ Note, the
 primary has no effect if the
 .Fl d
 option was specified.
 primary has no effect if the
 .Fl d
 option was specified.

-.It Ic -size Ar n Ns Op Cm c 
+.It Ic -regex Ar pattern
+True if the whole path of the file matches
+.Ar pattern
+using regular expression.
+To match a file named
+.Dq Pa ./foo/xyzzy ,
+you can use the regular expression
+.Dq Li ".*/[xyz]*"
+or
+.Dq Li ".*/foo/.*" ,
+but not
+.Dq Li xyzzy
+or
+.Dq Li /foo/ .
+.It Ic -size Ar n Ns Op Cm c

 True if the file's size, rounded up, in 512\-byte blocks is
 True if the file's size, rounded up, in 512\-byte blocks is

-.Ar n  .
+.Ar n .

 If
 .Ar n
 If
 .Ar n

-is followed by a ``c'', then the primary is true if the
+is followed by a
+.Cm c ,
+then the primary is true if the

 file's size is
 .Ar n
 file's size is
 .Ar n

-bytes.
-.It Ic -type Ar t 
+bytes (characters).
+.It Ic -type Ar t

 True if the file is of the specified type.
 Possible file types are as follows:
 .Pp
 True if the file is of the specified type.
 Possible file types are as follows:
 .Pp

-.Bl -tag -width flag -offset indent -compact
-.It Cm W
-whiteout
+.Bl -tag -width indent -compact

 .It Cm b
 block special
 .It Cm c
 .It Cm b
 block special
 .It Cm c


@@ -338,37 +580,46 @@ FIFO
 .It Cm s
 socket
 .El
 .It Cm s
 socket
 .El

-.Pp
-.It Ic -user Ar uname 
+.It Ic -user Ar uname

 True if the file belongs to the user
 True if the file belongs to the user

-.Ar uname  .
+.Ar uname .

 If
 .Ar uname
 is numeric and there is no such user name, then
 .Ar uname
 If
 .Ar uname
 is numeric and there is no such user name, then
 .Ar uname

-is treated as a user id.
+is treated as a user ID.

 .El
 .Pp
 All primaries which take a numeric argument allow the number to be
 .El
 .Pp
 All primaries which take a numeric argument allow the number to be

-preceded by a plus sign (``+'') or a minus sign (``\-'').
-A preceding plus sign means ``more than n'', a preceding minus sign means
-``less than n'' and neither means ``exactly n'' .
+preceded by a plus sign
+.Pq Dq Li +
+or a minus sign
+.Pq Dq Li - .
+A preceding plus sign means
+.Dq more than n ,
+a preceding minus sign means
+.Dq less than n
+and neither means
+.Dq exactly n .

 .Sh OPERATORS
 The primaries may be combined using the following operators.
 The operators are listed in order of decreasing precedence.
 .Sh OPERATORS
 The primaries may be combined using the following operators.
 The operators are listed in order of decreasing precedence.

-.Bl -tag -width (expression) 
-.It Cm \&( Ns Ar expression Ns Cm \&) 
+.Pp
+.Bl -tag -width "( expression )" -compact
+.It Cm \&( Ar expression Cm \&)

 This evaluates to true if the parenthesized expression evaluates to
 true.
 .Pp
 This evaluates to true if the parenthesized expression evaluates to
 true.
 .Pp

-.It Cm \&! Ns Ar expression 
+.It Cm \&! Ar expression 
+.It Cm -false Ar expression
+.It Cm -not Ar expression

 This is the unary
 .Tn NOT
 operator.
 It evaluates to true if the expression is false.
 .Pp
 This is the unary
 .Tn NOT
 operator.
 It evaluates to true if the expression is false.
 .Pp

-.It Ar expression Cm -and Ar expression 
-.It Ar expression expression 
+.It Ar expression Cm -and Ar expression
+.It Ar expression expression

 The
 .Cm -and
 operator is the logical
 The
 .Cm -and
 operator is the logical


@@ -379,7 +630,7 @@ have to be specified.
 The expression evaluates to true if both expressions are true.
 The second expression is not evaluated if the first expression is false.
 .Pp
 The expression evaluates to true if both expressions are true.
 The second expression is not evaluated if the first expression is false.
 .Pp

-.It Ar expression Cm -or Ar expression 
+.It Ar expression Cm -or Ar expression

 The
 .Cm -or
 operator is the logical
 The
 .Cm -or
 operator is the logical


@@ -391,34 +642,49 @@ The second expression is not evaluated if the first expression is true.
 .El
 .Pp
 All operands and primaries must be separate arguments to
 .El
 .Pp
 All operands and primaries must be separate arguments to

-.Nm ""  .
+.Nm .

 Primaries which themselves take arguments expect each argument
 to be a separate argument to
 Primaries which themselves take arguments expect each argument
 to be a separate argument to

-.Nm ""  .
+.Nm .

 .Sh EXAMPLES
 .Sh EXAMPLES

-.Pp

 The following examples are shown as given to the shell:
 The following examples are shown as given to the shell:

-.Bl -tag -width findx
-.It Li "find  /  \e!  -name  \*q*.c\*q  -print"
-Print out a list of all the files whose names do not end in ``.c''.
-.It Li "find  /  -newer  ttt  -user  wnj  -print"
-Print out a list of all the files owned by user ``wnj'' that are newer
-than the file ``ttt''.
-.It Li "find  /  \e!  \e(  -newer  ttt  -user  wnj  \e)  -print"
-Print out a list of all the files which are not both newer than ``ttt''
-and owned by ``wnj''.
-.It Li "find  /  \e(  -newer  ttt  -or  -user wnj  \e)  -print"
-Print out a list of all the files that are either owned by ``wnj'' or
-that are newer than ``ttt''.
+.Bl -tag -width indent
+.It Li "find / \e! -name \*q*.c\*q -print"
+Print out a list of all the files whose names do not end in
+.Pa .c .
+.It Li "find / -newer ttt -user wnj -print"
+Print out a list of all the files owned by user
+.Dq wnj
+that are newer
+than the file
+.Pa ttt .
+.It Li "find / \e! \e( -newer ttt -user wnj \e) -print"
+Print out a list of all the files which are not both newer than
+.Pa ttt
+and owned by
+.Dq wnj .
+.It Li "find / \e( -newer ttt -or -user wnj \e) -print"
+Print out a list of all the files that are either owned by
+.Dq wnj
+or that are newer than
+.Pa ttt .
+.It Li "find . -newerct '1 minute ago' -print"
+Print out a list of all the files whose inode change time is more
+recent than the current time minus one minute.

 .El
 .Sh SEE ALSO
 .El
 .Sh SEE ALSO

+.Xr chflags 1 ,

 .Xr chmod 1 ,
 .Xr chmod 1 ,

+.Xr cvs 1 ,

 .Xr locate 1 ,
 .Xr locate 1 ,

+.Xr whereis 1 ,
+.Xr which 1 ,

 .Xr stat 2 ,
 .Xr fts 3 ,
 .Xr stat 2 ,
 .Xr fts 3 ,

-.Xr getpwent 3 ,

 .Xr getgrent 3 ,
 .Xr getgrent 3 ,

+.Xr getpwent 3 ,

 .Xr strmode 3 ,
 .Xr strmode 3 ,

+.Xr re_format 7 ,

 .Xr symlink 7
 .Sh STANDARDS
 The
 .Xr symlink 7
 .Sh STANDARDS
 The


@@ -427,56 +693,97 @@ utility syntax is a superset of the syntax specified by the
 .St -p1003.2
 standard.
 .Pp
 .St -p1003.2
 standard.
 .Pp

-The options and the
-.Ic -follow ,
-.Ic -fstype ,
-.Ic -inum ,
-.Ic -links ,
-.Ic -ls 
+All the single character options as well as the
+.Ic -iname , -inum , -iregex , -print0 , -delete , -ls ,

 and
 and

-.Ic -print0
+.Ic -regex

 primaries are extensions to
 .St -p1003.2 .
 .Pp
 Historically, the
 primaries are extensions to
 .St -p1003.2 .
 .Pp
 Historically, the

-.Fl d ,
-.Fl h
+.Fl d , h

 and
 .Fl x
 and
 .Fl x

-options were implemented using the primaries ``\-depth'', ``\-follow'',
-and ``\-xdev''.
+options were implemented using the primaries
+.Ic -depth , -follow ,
+and
+.Ic -xdev .

 These primaries always evaluated to true.
 As they were really global variables that took effect before the traversal
 began, some legal expressions could have unexpected results.
 These primaries always evaluated to true.
 As they were really global variables that took effect before the traversal
 began, some legal expressions could have unexpected results.

-An example is the expression ``\-print \-o \-depth''.
-As \-print always evaluates to true, the standard order of evaluation
-implies that \-depth would never be evaluated.
+An example is the expression
+.Ic -print Cm -o Ic -depth .
+As
+.Ic -print
+always evaluates to true, the standard order of evaluation
+implies that
+.Ic -depth
+would never be evaluated.

 This is not the case.
 .Pp
 This is not the case.
 .Pp

-The operator ``-or'' was implemented as ``\-o'', and the operator ``-and''
-was implemented as ``\-a''.
+The operator
+.Cm -or
+was implemented as
+.Cm -o ,
+and the operator
+.Cm -and
+was implemented as
+.Cm -a .

 .Pp
 Historic implementations of the
 .Ic -exec
 and
 .Ic -ok
 .Pp
 Historic implementations of the
 .Ic -exec
 and
 .Ic -ok

-primaries did not replace the string ``{}'' in the utility name or the
+primaries did not replace the string
+.Dq Li {}
+in the utility name or the

 utility arguments if it had preceding or following non-whitespace characters.
 This version replaces it no matter where in the utility name or arguments
 it appears.
 utility arguments if it had preceding or following non-whitespace characters.
 This version replaces it no matter where in the utility name or arguments
 it appears.

+.Pp
+The
+.Fl E
+option was implemented on the analogy of
+.Xr grep 1
+and
+.Xr sed 1 .

 .Sh BUGS
 The special characters used by
 .Nm
 are also special characters to many shell programs.
 .Sh BUGS
 The special characters used by
 .Nm
 are also special characters to many shell programs.

-In particular, the characters ``*'', ``['', ``]'', ``?'', ``('', ``)'',
-``!'', ``\e'' and ``;'' may have to be escaped from the shell.
+In particular, the characters
+.Dq Li * ,
+.Dq Li \&[ ,
+.Dq Li \&] ,
+.Dq Li \&? ,
+.Dq Li \&( ,
+.Dq Li \&) ,
+.Dq Li \&! ,
+.Dq Li \e
+and
+.Dq Li \&;
+may have to be escaped from the shell.

 .Pp
 As there is no delimiter separating options and file names or file
 names and the
 .Ar expression ,
 .Pp
 As there is no delimiter separating options and file names or file
 names and the
 .Ar expression ,

-it is difficult to specify files named ``-xdev'' or ``!''.
+it is difficult to specify files named
+.Pa -xdev
+or
+.Pa \&! .

 These problems are handled by the
 .Fl f
 option and the
 .Xr getopt 3
 These problems are handled by the
 .Fl f
 option and the
 .Xr getopt 3

-``--'' construct.
+.Dq Fl Fl
+construct.
+.Pp
+The
+.Ic -delete
+primary does not interact well with other options that cause the filesystem
+tree traversal options to be changed.
+.Sh HISTORY
+A
+.Nm
+command appeared in
+.At v1 .