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[apple/security.git] / SecurityTests / clxutils / sslViewer / SSLViewer.cpp
diff --git a/SecurityTests/clxutils/sslViewer/SSLViewer.cpp b/SecurityTests/clxutils/sslViewer/SSLViewer.cpp
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..19a9418
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,1799 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2003-2010 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * SSL viewer tool, SecureTransport / OS X version.
+ */
+
+#include <Security/SecureTransport.h>
+#include <Security/SecureTransportPriv.h>      // for SSLGetPeerSecTrust
+#include <Security/SecCertificate.h>
+#include <clAppUtils/sslAppUtils.h>
+#include <clAppUtils/ioSock.h>
+#include <security_cdsa_utils/cuPrintCert.h>
+#include <utilLib/fileIo.h>
+
+#include <CoreServices/../Frameworks/CarbonCore.framework/Headers/MacErrors.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
+
+#define DEFAULT_GETMSG         "GET"
+#define DEFAULT_PATH           "/"
+#define DEFAULT_GET_SUFFIX     "HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n"
+
+#define DEFAULT_HOST                   "www.amazon.com"
+#define DEFAULT_PORT           443
+
+#define CFRELEASE(cf)  if (cf) { CFRelease(cf); cf = NULL; }
+
+/* true when using SSLCopyPeerCertificates() per Radar 3311892 */
+#define USE_COPY_PEER_CERTS            1
+
+static void usageNorm(char **argv)
+{
+    printf("Usage: %s [hostname|-] [path] [option ...]\n", argv[0]);
+    printf("       %s hostname [path] [option ...]\n", argv[0]);
+       printf("Specifying '-' for hostname, or no args, uses default of %s.\n",
+               DEFAULT_HOST);
+       printf("Optional path argument must start with leading '/'.\n");
+    printf("Options:\n");
+    printf("   e           Allow Expired Certs\n");
+    printf("   E           Allow Expired Roots\n");
+    printf("   r           Allow any root cert\n");
+       printf("   c           Display peer certs\n");
+       printf("   d           Display received data\n");
+       printf("   S           Display enabled cipher suites\n");
+       printf("   2           SSLv2 only (default is TLSv1)\n");
+       printf("   3           SSLv3 only w/SSLv2 enabled (default is TLSv1)\n");
+       printf("   t           TLSv1 only w/SSLv2,SSLv3 enabled (this is the default)\n");
+       printf("   L           all - TLSv1, SSLv3, SSLv2 (default = TLSv1)\n");
+       printf("   o           TLSv1, SSLv3 use kSSLProtocol__X__Only\n");
+       printf("   g={prot...} Specify legal protocols; prot = any combo of"
+                                                       " [23t]\n");
+       printf("   k=keychain  Contains (client|server) cert and keys. Optional.\n");
+       printf("   l=loopCount Perform loopCount ops (default = 1)\n");
+       printf("   P=port      Default = %d\n", DEFAULT_PORT); 
+       printf("   p           Pause after each loop\n");
+       printf("   q           Quiet/diagnostic mode (site names and errors"
+                                                               " only)\n");
+       printf("   a fileName  Add fileName to list of trusted roots\n");
+       printf("   A fileName  fileName is ONLY trusted root\n");
+    printf("   Z fileName  fileName is a trusted leaf cert\n");
+       printf("   x           Disable Cert Verification\n");
+       printf("   z=password  Unlock client keychain with password.\n");
+       printf("   8           Complete cert chains (default is out cert is a root)\n");
+       printf("   s           Silent\n");
+       printf("   V           Verbose\n");
+       printf("   h           Help\n");
+       printf("   hv          More, verbose help\n");
+}
+
+static void usageVerbose(char **argv)
+{
+    usageNorm(argv);
+       printf("Obscure Usage:\n");
+       printf("   u           kSSLProtocolUnknown only (TLSv1)\n");
+       printf("   M           Manual cert verification via "
+                                                       "SecTrustEvaluate\n");
+       printf("   f fileBase  Write Peer Certs to fileBase*\n");
+       printf("   D fileBase  Write DNList to fileBase*\n");
+       printf("   C=cipherSuite (e=40-bit d=DES D=40-bit DES 3=3DES 4=RC4"
+                                                               "$=40-bit RC4\n"
+                  "                  2=RC2 a=AES128 A=AES256 h=DH H=Anon DH r=DHE/RSA s=DH/DSS\n"
+                  "                  n=RSA/NULL E=ECDHE F=ECDH\n");
+       printf("   y=keychain  Encryption-only cert and keys. Optional.\n");
+       printf("   K           Keep connected until server disconnects\n");
+       printf("   n           Require closure notify message in TLSv1, "
+                                                               "SSLv3 mode (implies K)\n");
+       printf("   R           Disable resumable session support\n");
+       printf("   i=timeout   Session cache timeout\n");
+       printf("   b           Non-blocking I/O\n");
+       printf("   v           Verify negotiated protocol equals attempted\n");
+       printf("   m=[23t]     Max protocol supported as specified; implies "
+                                                               "v\n");
+       printf("   T=[nrsj]    Verify client cert state = "
+                                                               "none/requested/sent/rejected\n");
+       printf("   H           allow hostname spoofing\n");
+       printf("   F=vfyHost   Verify certs with specified host name\n");
+       printf("   G=getMsg    Specify entire GET, POST, etc.\n");
+       printf("   I           Interactive client authentication\n");
+       printf("   N           Log handshake timing\n");
+       printf("   4           Disable anonymous ciphers\n");
+       printf("   7           Pause only after first loop\n");
+       exit(1);
+}
+
+static void usage(char **argv)
+{
+    usageNorm(argv);
+       exit(1);
+}
+
+/* 
+ * Arguments to top-level sslPing()
+ */
+typedef struct {
+       SSLProtocol                             tryVersion;                     // only used if acceptedProts NULL
+                                                                                               // uses SSLSetProtocolVersion
+       char                                    *acceptedProts;         // optional, any combo of {2,3,t}
+                                                                                               // uses SSLSetProtocolVersionEnabled
+       const char                              *hostName;                      // e.g., "www.amazon.com"
+       const char                              *vfyHostName;           // use this for cert vfy if non-NULL,
+                                                                                               //   else use hostName
+       unsigned short                  port;
+       const char                              *getMsg;                        // e.g., 
+                                                                                               //   "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n" 
+       bool                                    allowExpired;
+       bool                                    allowAnyRoot;
+       bool                                    allowExpiredRoot;
+       bool                                    disableCertVerify;
+       bool                                    manualCertVerify;
+       bool                                    dumpRxData;                     // display server data
+       char                                    cipherRestrict;         // '2', 'd'. etc...; '\0' for 
+                                                                                               //   no restriction
+       bool                                    keepConnected;
+       bool                                    requireNotify;          // require closure notify 
+                                                                                               //   in V3 mode
+       bool                                    resumableEnable;
+       bool                                    allowHostnameSpoof;
+       bool                                    nonBlocking;
+       char                                    *anchorFile;
+    char                                       *trustedLeafFile;
+       bool                                    replaceAnchors;
+       bool                                    interactiveAuth;
+       CFArrayRef                              clientCerts;            // optional
+       CFArrayRef                              encryptClientCerts;     // optional
+       uint32                                  sessionCacheTimeout;// optional
+       bool                                    disableAnonCiphers;
+       bool                                    showCipherSuites;
+       bool                                    quiet;                          // minimal stdout
+       bool                                    silent;                         // no stdout
+       bool                                    verbose;
+       SSLProtocol                             negVersion;                     // RETURNED
+       SSLCipherSuite                  negCipher;                      // RETURNED
+       CFArrayRef                              peerCerts;                      // mallocd & RETURNED
+       SecTrustRef                             peerTrust;                      // RETURNED
+       SSLClientCertificateState certState;            // RETURNED
+       SSLClientAuthenticationType authType;           // RETURNED
+       CFArrayRef                              dnList;                         // RETURNED
+       char                                    *password;                      // optional to open clientCerts
+       char                                    **argv;
+       Boolean                                 sessionWasResumed;
+       unsigned char                   sessionID[MAX_SESSION_ID_LENGTH];
+       size_t                                  sessionIDLength;
+       CFAbsoluteTime                  handshakeTimeOp;                // time for this op
+       CFAbsoluteTime                  handshakeTimeFirst;             // time for FIRST op, not averaged
+       CFAbsoluteTime                  handshakeTimeTotal;             // time for all ops except first
+       unsigned                                numHandshakes;          
+
+} sslPingArgs;
+
+#include <signal.h>
+static void sigpipe(int sig) 
+{ 
+       fflush(stdin);
+       printf("***SIGPIPE***\n");
+}
+
+/* 
+ * Start up a CFRunLoop. This is needed to field keychain event callbacks, used
+ * to maintain root cert cache coherency. 
+ */
+/* first we need something to register so we *have* a run loop */
+static OSStatus kcCacheCallback (
+   SecKeychainEvent keychainEvent,
+   SecKeychainCallbackInfo *info,
+   void *context)
+{
+       return noErr;
+}
+
+/* main thread has to wait for this to be set to know a run loop has been set up */
+static int runLoopInitialized = 0;
+
+/* this is the thread which actually runs the CFRunLoop */
+void *cfRunLoopThread(void *arg)
+{
+       OSStatus ortn = SecKeychainAddCallback(kcCacheCallback, 
+               kSecTrustSettingsChangedEventMask, NULL);
+       if(ortn) {
+               printf("registerCacheCallbacks: SecKeychainAddCallback returned %d", (int32_t)ortn);
+               /* Not sure how this could ever happen - maybe if there is no run loop active? */
+               return NULL;
+       }
+       runLoopInitialized = 1;
+       CFRunLoopRun();
+       /* should not be reached */
+       printf("\n*** Hey! CFRunLoopRun() exited!***\n");
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+static int startCFRunLoop()
+{
+       pthread_t runLoopThread;
+       
+       int result = pthread_create(&runLoopThread, NULL, cfRunLoopThread, NULL);
+       if(result) {
+               printf("***pthread_create returned %d, aborting\n", result);
+               return -1;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* 
+ * Snag a copy of current connection's peer certs so we can 
+ * examine them later after the connection is closed.
+ * SecureTransport actually does the create and retain for us. 
+ */
+static OSStatus copyPeerCerts(
+       SSLContext      *ctx,
+       CFArrayRef      *peerCerts)             // mallocd & RETURNED
+{
+       #if USE_COPY_PEER_CERTS
+       OSStatus ortn = SSLCopyPeerCertificates(ctx, peerCerts);
+       #else
+       OSStatus ortn = SSLGetPeerCertificates(ctx, peerCerts);
+       #endif
+       if(ortn) {
+               printf("***Error obtaining peer certs: %s\n",
+                       sslGetSSLErrString(ortn));
+       }
+       return ortn;
+}
+
+/* free the cert array obtained via SSLGetPeerCertificates() */
+/* necessary due to a buggy SSLGetPeerCertificates which really should
+ * release its certs after they get added to this array */
+static void    freePeerCerts(
+       CFArrayRef                      peerCerts)
+{
+       if(peerCerts == NULL) {
+               return;
+       }
+
+       #if USE_COPY_PEER_CERTS
+       
+       /* Voila! Problem fixed. */
+       CFRelease(peerCerts);
+       return;
+       
+       #else 
+       CFIndex numCerts;
+       SecCertificateRef certData;
+       CFIndex i;
+       
+       numCerts = CFArrayGetCount(peerCerts);
+       for(i=0; i<numCerts; i++) {
+               certData = (SecCertificateRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(peerCerts, i);
+               CFRelease(certData);
+       }
+       CFRelease(peerCerts);
+       #endif  /* USE_COPY_PEER_CERTS */
+}      
+
+/*
+ * Manually evaluate session's SecTrustRef.
+ */
+#define SSL_SEC_TRUST  1
+
+static OSStatus sslEvaluateTrust(
+       SSLContext      *ctx,
+       bool            verbose, 
+       bool            silent,
+       CFArrayRef      *peerCerts)             // fetched and retained
+{
+       OSStatus ortn;
+       SecTrustRef secTrust = NULL;
+
+       #if     SSL_SEC_TRUST
+       ortn = SSLGetPeerSecTrust(ctx, &secTrust);
+       #else
+       ortn = unimpErr;
+       #endif
+       if(ortn) {
+               printf("\n***Error obtaining peer SecTrustRef: %s\n",
+                       sslGetSSLErrString(ortn));
+               return ortn;
+       }
+       if(secTrust == NULL) {
+               /* this is the normal case for resumed sessions, in which 
+                * no cert evaluation is performed */
+               if(!silent) {
+                       printf("...No SecTrust available - this is a resumed session, right?\n");
+               }
+               return noErr;
+       }
+       SecTrustResultType      secTrustResult;
+       ortn = SecTrustEvaluate(secTrust, &secTrustResult);
+       if(ortn) {
+               printf("\n***Error on SecTrustEvaluate: %d\n", (int)ortn);
+               return ortn;
+       }
+       if(verbose) {
+               const char *res = NULL;
+               switch(secTrustResult) {
+                       case kSecTrustResultInvalid: 
+                               res = "kSecTrustResultInvalid"; break;
+                       case kSecTrustResultProceed: 
+                               res = "kSecTrustResultProceed"; break;
+                       case kSecTrustResultConfirm: 
+                               res = "kSecTrustResultConfirm"; break;
+                       case kSecTrustResultDeny: 
+                               res = "kSecTrustResultDeny"; break;
+                       case kSecTrustResultUnspecified: 
+                               res = "kSecTrustResultUnspecified"; break;
+                       case kSecTrustResultRecoverableTrustFailure: 
+                               res = "kSecTrustResultRecoverableTrustFailure"; break;
+                       case kSecTrustResultFatalTrustFailure: 
+                               res = "kSecTrustResultFatalTrustFailure"; break;
+                       case kSecTrustResultOtherError: 
+                               res = "kSecTrustResultOtherError"; break;
+                       default:
+                               res = "UNKNOWN"; break;
+               }
+               printf("\nSecTrustEvaluate(): secTrustResult %s\n", res);
+       }
+       
+       switch(secTrustResult) {
+               case kSecTrustResultUnspecified:
+                       /* cert chain valid, no special UserTrust assignments */
+               case kSecTrustResultProceed:
+                       /* cert chain valid AND user explicitly trusts this */
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       printf("\n***SecTrustEvaluate reported secTrustResult %d\n", 
+                               (int)secTrustResult);
+                       ortn = errSSLXCertChainInvalid;
+                       break;
+       }
+       
+       *peerCerts = NULL;
+
+       /* one more thing - get peer certs in the form of an evidence chain */
+       CSSM_TP_APPLE_EVIDENCE_INFO *dummyEv;
+       OSStatus thisRtn = SecTrustGetResult(secTrust, &secTrustResult,
+               peerCerts, &dummyEv);
+       if(thisRtn) {
+               printSslErrStr("SecTrustGetResult", thisRtn);
+       }
+       #if             !USE_COPY_PEER_CERTS
+       else {
+               /* workaround for the fact that SSLGetPeerCertificates()
+                * leaves a retain count on each element in the returned array,
+                * requiring us to do a release on each cert.
+                */
+               CFIndex numCerts = CFArrayGetCount(*peerCerts);
+               for(CFIndex dex=0; dex<numCerts; dex++) {
+                       CFRetain(CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(*peerCerts, dex));
+               }
+       }
+       #endif  /* !USE_COPY_PEER_CERTS */
+       return ortn;
+}
+
+static void sslShowEnabledCipherSuites(
+       SSLContextRef ctx)
+{
+       OSStatus status;
+       SSLCipherSuite *ciphers;
+       size_t numCiphers, totalCiphers;
+       const char *c;
+       unsigned int i;
+       
+       status = SSLGetNumberSupportedCiphers(ctx, &totalCiphers);
+       status = SSLGetNumberEnabledCiphers(ctx, &numCiphers);
+       ciphers = (SSLCipherSuite *)malloc(sizeof(SSLCipherSuite) * numCiphers);
+       status = SSLGetEnabledCiphers(ctx, ciphers, &numCiphers);
+
+       printf("   Total enabled ciphers  : %ld of %ld\n", numCiphers, totalCiphers);
+       
+       for(i=0; i<numCiphers; i++) {
+               switch(ciphers[i]) {
+                       case SSL_NULL_WITH_NULL_NULL:                           c="SSL_NULL_WITH_NULL_NULL"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_WITH_NULL_MD5:                                     c="SSL_RSA_WITH_NULL_MD5"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA:                                     c="SSL_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5:            c="SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5:                          c="SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA:                          c="SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_MD5:        c="SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_MD5"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA:                         c="SSL_RSA_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA:         c="SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA:                          c="SSL_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA:                     c="SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DH_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA:      c="SSL_DH_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DH_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA:                       c="SSL_DH_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DH_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA:          c="SSL_DH_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DH_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA:      c="SSL_DH_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DH_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA:                       c="SSL_DH_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA:          c="SSL_DH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA:     c="SSL_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA:                      c="SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA:         c="SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA:     c="SSL_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA:                      c="SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA:         c="SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5:        c="SSL_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5"; break;
+                       case SSL_DH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_MD5:                      c="SSL_DH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_MD5"; break;
+                       case SSL_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA:     c="SSL_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DH_anon_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA:                      c="SSL_DH_anon_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_DH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA:         c="SSL_DH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_FORTEZZA_DMS_WITH_NULL_SHA:            c="SSL_FORTEZZA_DMS_WITH_NULL_SHA"; break;
+                       case SSL_FORTEZZA_DMS_WITH_FORTEZZA_CBC_SHA:c="SSL_FORTEZZA_DMS_WITH_FORTEZZA_CBC_SHA"; break;
+       
+                       /* TLS addenda using AES, per RFC 3268 */
+                       case TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA:                      c="TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA:           c="TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA:           c="TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA:          c="TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA:          c="TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA:          c="TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA:                      c="TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA:           c="TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA:           c="TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA:          c="TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA:          c="TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA:          c="TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"; break;
+       
+                       /* ECDSA addenda, RFC 4492 */
+                       case TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_NULL_SHA:                      c="TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_NULL_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA:           c="TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA:      c="TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA:       c="TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA:       c="TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_NULL_SHA:                     c="TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_NULL_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA:          c="TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA:     c="TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA:      c="TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA:      c="TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA:                        c="TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA:                     c="TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA:        c="TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA:         c="TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA:         c="TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA:                       c="TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA:            c="TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA:       c="TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA:        c="TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA:        c="TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_NULL_SHA:                       c="TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_NULL_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_SHA:            c="TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA:       c="TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA:        c="TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"; break;
+                       case TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA:        c="TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"; break;
+       
+                       /*
+                        * Tags for SSL 2 cipher kinds which are not specified 
+                        * for SSL 3. 
+                        */
+                       case SSL_RSA_WITH_RC2_CBC_MD5:                          c="SSL_RSA_WITH_RC2_CBC_MD5"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_WITH_IDEA_CBC_MD5:                         c="SSL_RSA_WITH_IDEA_CBC_MD5"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_MD5:                          c="SSL_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_MD5"; break;
+                       case SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_MD5:                     c="SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_MD5"; break;
+                       case SSL_NO_SUCH_CIPHERSUITE:
+                       default:
+                                                                                                               c="SSL_NO_SUCH_CIPHERSUITE"; break;
+               }
+               printf("   %s\n", c);
+               fflush(stdout);
+       }
+       free(ciphers);
+}
+
+/* print reply received from server, safely */
+static void dumpAscii(
+       uint8_t *rcvBuf, 
+       uint32_t len)
+{
+       char *cp = (char *)rcvBuf;
+       uint32_t i;
+       char c;
+       
+       for(i=0; i<len; i++) {
+               c = *cp++;
+               if(c == '\0') {
+                       break;
+               }
+               switch(c) {
+                       case '\n':
+                               printf("\\n");
+                               break;
+                       case '\r':
+                               printf("\\r");
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               if(isprint(c) && (c != '\n')) {
+                                       printf("%c", c);
+                               }
+                               else {
+                                       printf("<%02X>", ((unsigned)c) & 0xff);
+                               }
+                       break;
+               }
+
+       }
+       printf("\n");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Perform one SSL diagnostic session. Returns nonzero on error. Normally no
+ * output to stdout except initial "connecting to" message, unless there 
+ * is a really screwed up error (i.e., something not directly related 
+ * to the SSL connection). 
+ */
+#define RCV_BUF_SIZE           256
+
+static OSStatus sslPing(
+       sslPingArgs *pargs)
+{
+    PeerSpec            peerId;
+       otSocket                        sock = 0;
+    OSStatus            ortn;
+    SSLContextRef       ctx = NULL;
+    size_t              length;
+       size_t                          actLen;
+    uint8_t             rcvBuf[RCV_BUF_SIZE];
+       CFAbsoluteTime          startHandshake;
+       CFAbsoluteTime          endHandshake;
+       
+    pargs->negVersion = kSSLProtocolUnknown;
+    pargs->negCipher = SSL_NULL_WITH_NULL_NULL;
+    pargs->peerCerts = NULL;
+    
+       /* first make sure requested server is there */
+       ortn = MakeServerConnection(pargs->hostName, pargs->port, pargs->nonBlocking,
+               &sock, &peerId);
+    if(ortn) {
+       printf("MakeServerConnection returned %d; aborting\n", (int)ortn);
+       return ortn;
+    }
+       if(pargs->verbose) {
+               printf("...connected to server; starting SecureTransport\n");
+       }
+       
+       /* 
+        * Set up a SecureTransport session.
+        * First the standard calls.
+        */
+       ortn = SSLNewContext(false, &ctx);
+       if(ortn) {
+               printSslErrStr("SSLNewContext", ortn);
+               goto cleanup;
+       } 
+       ortn = SSLSetIOFuncs(ctx, SocketRead, SocketWrite);
+       if(ortn) {
+               printSslErrStr("SSLSetIOFuncs", ortn);
+               goto cleanup;
+       } 
+       ortn = SSLSetConnection(ctx, (SSLConnectionRef)sock);
+       if(ortn) {
+               printSslErrStr("SSLSetConnection", ortn);
+               goto cleanup;
+       }
+       SSLConnectionRef getConn;
+       ortn = SSLGetConnection(ctx, &getConn);
+       if(ortn) {
+               printSslErrStr("SSLGetConnection", ortn);
+               goto cleanup;
+       }
+       if(getConn != (SSLConnectionRef)sock) {
+               printf("***SSLGetConnection error\n");
+               ortn = paramErr;
+               goto cleanup; 
+       }
+       if(!pargs->allowHostnameSpoof) {
+               /* if this isn't set, it isn't checked by AppleX509TP */
+               const char *vfyHost = pargs->hostName;
+               if(pargs->vfyHostName) {
+                       /* generally means we're expecting an error */
+                       vfyHost = pargs->vfyHostName;
+               }
+               ortn = SSLSetPeerDomainName(ctx, vfyHost, strlen(vfyHost));
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetPeerDomainName", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+       
+       /* 
+        * SecureTransport options.
+        */ 
+       if(pargs->acceptedProts) {
+               ortn = SSLSetProtocolVersionEnabled(ctx, kSSLProtocolAll, false);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetProtocolVersionEnabled(all off)", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+               for(const char *cp = pargs->acceptedProts; *cp; cp++) {
+                       SSLProtocol prot;
+                       switch(*cp) {
+                               case '2':
+                                       prot = kSSLProtocol2;
+                                       break;
+                               case '3':
+                                       prot = kSSLProtocol3;
+                                       break;
+                               case 't':
+                                       prot = kTLSProtocol1;
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       usage(pargs->argv);
+                       }
+                       ortn = SSLSetProtocolVersionEnabled(ctx, prot, true);
+                       if(ortn) {
+                               printSslErrStr("SSLSetProtocolVersionEnabled", ortn);
+                               goto cleanup;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       else {
+               ortn = SSLSetProtocolVersion(ctx, pargs->tryVersion);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetProtocolVersion", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               } 
+               SSLProtocol getVers;
+               ortn = SSLGetProtocolVersion(ctx, &getVers);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetProtocolVersion", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+               if(getVers != pargs->tryVersion) {
+                       printf("***SSLGetProtocolVersion screwup: try %s  get %s\n",
+                               sslGetProtocolVersionString(pargs->tryVersion),
+                               sslGetProtocolVersionString(getVers));
+                       ortn = paramErr;
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+       if(pargs->resumableEnable) {
+               const void *rtnId = NULL;
+               size_t rtnIdLen = 0;
+               
+               ortn = SSLSetPeerID(ctx, &peerId, sizeof(PeerSpec));
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetPeerID", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+               /* quick test of the get fcn */
+               ortn = SSLGetPeerID(ctx, &rtnId, &rtnIdLen);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLGetPeerID", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+               if((rtnId == NULL) || (rtnIdLen != sizeof(PeerSpec))) {
+                       printf("***SSLGetPeerID screwup\n");
+               }
+               else if(memcmp(&peerId, rtnId, rtnIdLen) != 0) {
+                       printf("***SSLGetPeerID data mismatch\n");
+               }
+       }
+       if(pargs->allowExpired) {
+               ortn = SSLSetAllowsExpiredCerts(ctx, true);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetAllowExpiredCerts", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+       if(pargs->allowExpiredRoot) {
+               ortn = SSLSetAllowsExpiredRoots(ctx, true);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetAllowsExpiredRoots", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+       if(pargs->disableCertVerify) {
+               ortn = SSLSetEnableCertVerify(ctx, false);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetEnableCertVerify", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+       if(pargs->allowAnyRoot) {
+               ortn = SSLSetAllowsAnyRoot(ctx, true);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetAllowAnyRoot", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+       if(pargs->cipherRestrict != '\0') {
+               ortn = sslSetCipherRestrictions(ctx, pargs->cipherRestrict);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+       if(pargs->anchorFile) {
+               ortn = sslAddTrustedRoot(ctx, pargs->anchorFile, pargs->replaceAnchors);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printf("***Error obtaining anchor file %s\n", pargs->anchorFile);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+    if(pargs->trustedLeafFile) {
+        SecCertificateRef leafCertRef = NULL;
+        CFMutableArrayRef leafCerts = CFArrayCreateMutable(NULL, 0, &kCFTypeArrayCallBacks);
+        /* sslReadAnchor is a misnomer; it just creates a SecCertificateRef from a file */
+        ortn = sslReadAnchor(pargs->trustedLeafFile, &leafCertRef);
+        if (!ortn) {
+            CFArrayAppendValue(leafCerts, leafCertRef);
+            CFRelease(leafCertRef);
+            ortn = SSLSetTrustedLeafCertificates(ctx, leafCerts);
+            CFRelease(leafCerts);
+        }
+        if(ortn) {
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+       if(pargs->interactiveAuth) {
+               /* we want to get errSSLServerAuthCompleted from SSLHandshake on server auth completion */
+               SSLSetSessionOption(ctx, kSSLSessionOptionBreakOnServerAuth, true);
+               /* we want to get errSSLClientCertRequested from SSLHandshake on client auth request */
+               SSLSetSessionOption(ctx, kSSLSessionOptionBreakOnCertRequested, true);
+       }       
+       else if(pargs->clientCerts) {
+               CFArrayRef dummy;
+               if(pargs->anchorFile == NULL) {
+                       /* assume this is a root we want to implicitly trust */
+                       ortn = addIdentityAsTrustedRoot(ctx, pargs->clientCerts);
+                       if(ortn) {
+                               goto cleanup;
+                       }
+               }
+               ortn = SSLSetCertificate(ctx, pargs->clientCerts);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetCertificate", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+               /* quickie test for this new function */
+               ortn = SSLGetCertificate(ctx, &dummy);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLGetCertificate", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+               if(dummy != pargs->clientCerts) {
+                       printf("***SSLGetCertificate error\n");
+                       ortn = ioErr;
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+       if(pargs->encryptClientCerts) {
+               if(pargs->anchorFile == NULL) {
+                       ortn = addIdentityAsTrustedRoot(ctx, pargs->encryptClientCerts);
+                       if(ortn) {
+                               goto cleanup;
+                       }
+               }
+               ortn = SSLSetEncryptionCertificate(ctx, pargs->encryptClientCerts);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetEncryptionCertificate", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+       if(pargs->sessionCacheTimeout) {
+               ortn = SSLSetSessionCacheTimeout(ctx, pargs->sessionCacheTimeout);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetSessionCacheTimeout", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+       if(pargs->disableAnonCiphers) {
+               ortn = SSLSetAllowAnonymousCiphers(ctx, false);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetAllowAnonymousCiphers", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+               /* quickie test of the getter */
+               Boolean e;
+               ortn = SSLGetAllowAnonymousCiphers(ctx, &e);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printSslErrStr("SSLGetAllowAnonymousCiphers", ortn);
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+               if(e) {
+                       printf("***SSLGetAllowAnonymousCiphers() returned true; expected false\n");
+                       ortn = ioErr;
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       }
+       if(pargs->showCipherSuites) {
+               sslShowEnabledCipherSuites(ctx);
+       }
+       /*** end options ***/
+       
+       if(pargs->verbose) {
+               printf("...starting SSL handshake\n");
+       }
+       startHandshake = CFAbsoluteTimeGetCurrent();
+       
+    do
+    {   ortn = SSLHandshake(ctx);
+           if((ortn == errSSLWouldBlock) && !pargs->silent) {
+               /* keep UI responsive */ 
+               sslOutputDot();
+           }
+               else if(ortn == errSSLServerAuthCompleted) {
+                       if(pargs->verbose) {
+                               printf("...server authentication completed\n");
+                       }
+               }
+               else if(ortn == errSSLClientCertRequested) {
+                       if(pargs->verbose) {
+                               printf("...received client cert request\n");
+                       }
+                       /* %%% could prompt interactively here for client cert to use;
+                        * for now, just use the client cert passed on the command line
+                        */
+                       if(pargs->clientCerts) {
+                               CFArrayRef dummy;
+                               if(pargs->anchorFile == NULL) {
+                                       /* assume this is a root we want to implicitly trust */
+                                       ortn = addIdentityAsTrustedRoot(ctx, pargs->clientCerts);
+                                       if(ortn) {
+                                               goto cleanup;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               if(pargs->verbose) {
+                                       printf("...setting client certificate\n");
+                               }
+                               ortn = SSLSetCertificate(ctx, pargs->clientCerts);
+                               if(ortn) {
+                                       printSslErrStr("SSLSetCertificate", ortn);
+                                       goto cleanup;
+                               }
+                               /* quickie test for this new function */
+                               ortn = SSLGetCertificate(ctx, &dummy);
+                               if(ortn) {
+                                       printSslErrStr("SSLGetCertificate", ortn);
+                                       goto cleanup;
+                               }
+                               if(dummy != pargs->clientCerts) {
+                                       printf("***SSLGetCertificate error\n");
+                                       ortn = ioErr;
+                                       goto cleanup;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               printf("***no client certificate specified!\n");
+                       }
+               }
+    } while (ortn == errSSLWouldBlock ||
+                        ortn == errSSLServerAuthCompleted ||
+                        ortn == errSSLClientCertRequested);
+
+       endHandshake = CFAbsoluteTimeGetCurrent();
+       pargs->handshakeTimeOp = endHandshake - startHandshake;
+       if(pargs->numHandshakes == 0) {
+               /* special case, this one is always way longer */
+               pargs->handshakeTimeFirst = pargs->handshakeTimeOp;
+       }
+       else {
+               /* normal running total */
+               pargs->handshakeTimeTotal += pargs->handshakeTimeOp;
+       }
+       pargs->numHandshakes++;
+       
+       /* this works even if handshake failed due to cert chain invalid */
+       CFRELEASE(pargs->peerCerts);
+       if(!pargs->manualCertVerify) {
+               copyPeerCerts(ctx, &pargs->peerCerts);
+       }
+       else {
+               /* else fetched via SecTrust later */
+               pargs->peerCerts = NULL;
+       }
+       
+    ortn = SSLCopyPeerTrust(ctx, &pargs->peerTrust);
+    if(ortn) {
+        printf("***SSLCopyPeerTrust error %d\n", (int)ortn);
+        pargs->peerTrust = NULL;
+    }
+
+       /* ditto */
+       SSLGetClientCertificateState(ctx, &pargs->certState);
+       SSLGetNegotiatedClientAuthType(ctx, &pargs->authType);
+       SSLGetNegotiatedCipher(ctx, &pargs->negCipher);
+       SSLGetNegotiatedProtocolVersion(ctx, &pargs->negVersion);
+       CFRELEASE(pargs->dnList);
+       SSLCopyDistinguishedNames(ctx, &pargs->dnList);
+       pargs->sessionIDLength = MAX_SESSION_ID_LENGTH;
+       SSLGetResumableSessionInfo(ctx, &pargs->sessionWasResumed, pargs->sessionID,
+               &pargs->sessionIDLength);
+       if(pargs->manualCertVerify) {
+               OSStatus certRtn = sslEvaluateTrust(ctx, pargs->verbose, pargs->silent,
+                       &pargs->peerCerts);
+               if(certRtn && !ortn ) {
+                       ortn = certRtn;
+               }
+       }
+       
+    if(ortn) {
+               if(!pargs->silent) {
+                       printf("\n");
+               }
+       goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+       if(pargs->verbose) {
+               printf("...SSL handshake complete\n");
+       }
+
+       /* Write our GET request */
+       length = strlen(pargs->getMsg);
+       ortn = SSLWrite(ctx, pargs->getMsg, length, &actLen);
+       if(ortn) {
+               printf("***SSLWrite error: %d\n", (int)ortn);
+       } else if((actLen > 0) && pargs->dumpRxData) {
+               dumpAscii((uint8_t*)pargs->getMsg, actLen);
+       }
+       
+       /* 
+        * Try to snag RCV_BUF_SIZE bytes. Exit if (!keepConnected and we get any data
+        * at all), or (keepConnected and err != (none, wouldBlock)).
+        */
+    while (ortn == noErr) {   
+               actLen = 0;
+               if(pargs->dumpRxData) {
+                       size_t avail = 0;
+                       
+                       ortn = SSLGetBufferedReadSize(ctx, &avail);
+                       if(ortn) {
+                               printf("***SSLGetBufferedReadSize error\n");
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if(avail != 0) {
+                               printf("\n%d bytes available: ", (int)avail);
+                       }
+               }
+        ortn = SSLRead(ctx, rcvBuf, RCV_BUF_SIZE, &actLen);
+        if((actLen == 0) && !pargs->silent) {
+               sslOutputDot();
+        }
+        if((actLen == 0) && (ortn == noErr)) {
+                       printf("***Radar 2984932 confirmed***\n");
+               }
+        if (ortn == errSSLWouldBlock) {
+                       /* for this loop, these are identical */
+            ortn = noErr;
+        }
+               if(ortn == errSSLServerAuthCompleted ||
+                  ortn == errSSLClientCertRequested) {
+                       /* should never get these once the handshake is complete */
+                       printf("***SSLRead returned unexpected handshake error!\n");
+               }
+               
+               if((actLen > 0) && pargs->dumpRxData) {
+                       dumpAscii(rcvBuf, actLen);
+               }
+               if(ortn != noErr) {
+                       /* connection closed by server or by error */
+                       break;
+               }
+               if(!pargs->keepConnected && (actLen > 0)) {
+               /* good enough, we connected */
+               break;
+        }
+    }
+       if(!pargs->silent) {
+               printf("\n");
+       }
+
+       /* snag these again in case of renegotiate */
+       SSLGetClientCertificateState(ctx, &pargs->certState);
+       SSLGetNegotiatedCipher(ctx, &pargs->negCipher);
+       SSLGetNegotiatedProtocolVersion(ctx, &pargs->negVersion);
+       CFRELEASE(pargs->dnList);
+       SSLCopyDistinguishedNames(ctx, &pargs->dnList);
+       
+    /* convert normal "shutdown" into zero err rtn */
+       if(ortn == errSSLClosedGraceful) {
+               ortn = noErr;
+       }
+       if((ortn == errSSLClosedNoNotify) && !pargs->requireNotify) {
+               /* relaxed disconnect rules */
+               ortn = noErr;
+       }
+cleanup:
+       /*
+        * always do close, even on error - to flush outgoing write queue 
+        */
+       OSStatus cerr = SSLClose(ctx);
+       if(ortn == noErr) {
+               ortn = cerr;
+       }
+       if(sock) {
+               endpointShutdown(sock);
+       }
+       if(ctx) {
+           SSLDisposeContext(ctx);  
+       }    
+       return ortn;
+}
+
+static void showPeerCerts(
+       CFArrayRef                      peerCerts,
+       bool                            verbose)
+{
+       CFIndex numCerts;
+       SecCertificateRef certRef;
+       OSStatus ortn;
+       CSSM_DATA certData;
+       CFIndex i;
+       
+       if(peerCerts == NULL) {
+               return;
+       }
+       numCerts = CFArrayGetCount(peerCerts);
+       for(i=0; i<numCerts; i++) {
+               certRef = (SecCertificateRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(peerCerts, i);
+               ortn = SecCertificateGetData(certRef, &certData);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printf("***SecCertificateGetData returned %d\n", (int)ortn);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               printf("\n================== Server Cert %lu ===================\n\n", i);
+               printCert(certData.Data, certData.Length, verbose);
+               printf("\n=============== End of Server Cert %lu ===============\n", i);
+       }
+}
+
+static void writePeerCerts(
+       CFArrayRef                      peerCerts,
+       const char                      *fileBase)
+{
+       CFIndex numCerts;
+       SecCertificateRef certRef;
+       OSStatus ortn;
+       CSSM_DATA certData;
+       CFIndex i;
+       char fileName[100];
+       
+       if(peerCerts == NULL) {
+               return;
+       }
+       numCerts = CFArrayGetCount(peerCerts);
+       for(i=0; i<numCerts; i++) {
+               sprintf(fileName, "%s%02d.cer", fileBase, (int)i);
+               certRef = (SecCertificateRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(peerCerts, i);
+               ortn = SecCertificateGetData(certRef, &certData);
+               if(ortn) {
+                       printf("***SecCertificateGetData returned %d\n", (int)ortn);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               cspWriteFile(fileName, certData.Data, certData.Length);
+       }
+       printf("...wrote %lu certs to fileBase %s\n", numCerts, fileBase);
+}
+
+static void writeDnList(
+       CFArrayRef                      dnList,
+       const char                      *fileBase)
+{
+       CFIndex numDns;
+       CFDataRef cfDn;
+       CFIndex i;
+       char fileName[100];
+       
+       if(dnList == NULL) {
+               return;
+       }
+       numDns = CFArrayGetCount(dnList);
+       for(i=0; i<numDns; i++) {
+               sprintf(fileName, "%s%02d.der", fileBase, (int)i);
+               cfDn = (CFDataRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(dnList, i);
+               cspWriteFile(fileName, CFDataGetBytePtr(cfDn), CFDataGetLength(cfDn));
+       }
+       printf("...wrote %lu RDNs to fileBase %s\n", numDns, fileBase);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Show result of an sslPing().
+ * Assumes the following from sslPingArgs:
+ *
+ *             verbose
+ *             tryVersion
+ *             acceptedProts
+ *             negVersion
+ *             negCipher
+ *             peerCerts
+ *             certState
+ *             authType
+ *             sessionWasResumed
+ *             sessionID
+ *             sessionIDLength
+ *             handshakeTime
+ */
+static void showSSLResult(
+       const sslPingArgs       &pargs,
+       OSStatus                        err,
+       bool                            displayPeerCerts,
+       const char                      *fileBase,              // non-NULL: write certs to file
+       const char                      *dnFileBase)    // non-NULL: write DNList to file
+{
+       CFIndex numPeerCerts;
+       
+       printf("\n");
+       
+       if(pargs.acceptedProts) {
+               printf("   Allowed SSL versions   : %s\n", pargs.acceptedProts);
+       }
+       else {
+               printf("   Attempted  SSL version : %s\n", 
+                       sslGetProtocolVersionString(pargs.tryVersion));
+       }
+       
+       printf("   Result                 : %s\n", sslGetSSLErrString(err));
+       printf("   Negotiated SSL version : %s\n", 
+               sslGetProtocolVersionString(pargs.negVersion));
+       printf("   Negotiated CipherSuite : %s\n",
+               sslGetCipherSuiteString(pargs.negCipher));
+       if(pargs.certState != kSSLClientCertNone) {
+               printf("   Client Cert State      : %s\n",
+                       sslGetClientCertStateString(pargs.certState));
+               printf("   Client Auth Type       : %s\n",
+                       sslGetClientAuthTypeString(pargs.authType));
+       }
+       if(pargs.verbose) {
+               printf("   Resumed Session        : ");
+               if(pargs.sessionWasResumed) {
+                       for(unsigned dex=0; dex<pargs.sessionIDLength; dex++) {
+                               printf("%02X ", pargs.sessionID[dex]);
+                               if(((dex % 8) == 7) && (dex != (pargs.sessionIDLength - 1))) {
+                                       printf("\n                            ");
+                               }
+                       }
+                       printf("\n");
+               }
+               else {
+                       printf("NOT RESUMED\n");
+               }
+               printf("   Handshake time         : %f seconds\n", pargs.handshakeTimeOp);
+       }
+       if(pargs.peerCerts == NULL) {
+               numPeerCerts = 0;
+       }
+       else {
+               numPeerCerts = CFArrayGetCount(pargs.peerCerts);
+       }
+       printf("   Number of server certs : %lu\n", numPeerCerts);
+       if(numPeerCerts != 0) {
+               if(displayPeerCerts) {
+                       showPeerCerts(pargs.peerCerts, false);
+               }
+               if(fileBase != NULL) {
+                       writePeerCerts(pargs.peerCerts, fileBase);
+               }
+       }
+       if(dnFileBase != NULL) {
+               writeDnList(pargs.dnList, dnFileBase);
+       }
+       
+       printf("\n");
+}
+
+static int verifyProtocol(
+       bool            verifyProt,
+       SSLProtocol     maxProtocol,
+       SSLProtocol     reqProtocol,
+       SSLProtocol negProtocol)
+{
+       if(!verifyProt) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+       if(reqProtocol > maxProtocol) {
+               /* known not to support this attempt, relax */
+               reqProtocol = maxProtocol;
+       }
+       if(reqProtocol != negProtocol) {
+               printf("***Expected protocol %s; negotiated %s\n",
+                       sslGetProtocolVersionString(reqProtocol),
+                       sslGetProtocolVersionString(negProtocol));
+               return 1;
+       }
+       else {
+               return 0;
+       }
+}
+
+static int verifyClientCertState(
+       bool                                            verifyCertState,
+       SSLClientCertificateState       expectState,
+       SSLClientCertificateState       gotState)
+{
+       if(!verifyCertState) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+       if(expectState == gotState) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+       printf("***Expected clientCertState %s; got %s\n",
+               sslGetClientCertStateString(expectState),
+               sslGetClientCertStateString(gotState));
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Free everything allocated by sslPing in an sslPingArgs. 
+ * Mainly for looping and malloc debugging.
+ */
+static void freePingArgs(
+                                                sslPingArgs *pargs)
+{
+       freePeerCerts(pargs->peerCerts);
+       pargs->peerCerts = NULL;
+       CFRELEASE(pargs->peerTrust);
+       CFRELEASE(pargs->dnList);
+       /* more, later, for client retry/identity fetch */
+}
+
+static SSLProtocol charToProt(
+       char c,                 // 2, 3, t
+       char **argv)
+{
+       switch(c) {
+               case '2':
+                       return kSSLProtocol2;
+               case '3':
+                       return kSSLProtocol3;
+               case 't':
+                       return kTLSProtocol1;
+               default:
+                       usage(argv);
+       }
+       /* NOT REACHED */
+       return kSSLProtocolUnknown;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{   
+    OSStatus            err;
+       int                                     arg;
+       char                            *argp;
+       char                            getMsg[300];
+       char                            fullFileBase[100];
+       int                                     ourRtn = 0;                     // exit status - sum of all errors
+       unsigned                        loop;
+       SecKeychainRef          serverKc = nil;
+       SecKeychainRef          encryptKc = nil;
+       sslPingArgs                     pargs;
+       
+       /* user-spec'd parameters */
+       char                            *getPath = (char *)DEFAULT_PATH;
+       char                            *fileBase = NULL;
+       bool                            displayCerts = false;
+       bool                            doSslV2 = false;
+       bool                            doSslV3 = false;
+       bool                            doTlsV1 = true;
+       bool                            protXOnly = false;      // kSSLProtocol3Only, kTLSProtocol1Only
+       bool                            doProtUnknown = false;
+       unsigned                        loopCount = 1;
+       bool                            doPause = false;
+       bool                            pauseFirstLoop = false;
+       bool                            verifyProt = false;
+       SSLProtocol                     maxProtocol = kTLSProtocol1;    // for verifying negotiated 
+                                                                                                               // protocol
+       char                            *acceptedProts = NULL;
+       char                            *keyChainName = NULL;
+       char                            *encryptKeyChainName = NULL;
+       char                            *getMsgSpec = NULL;
+       bool                            vfyCertState = false;
+       SSLClientCertificateState expectCertState;
+       bool                            displayHandshakeTimes = false;
+       bool                            completeCertChain = false;
+       char                            *dnFileBase = NULL;
+
+       /* special case - one arg of "h" or "-h" or "hv" */
+       if(argc == 2) {
+           if((strcmp(argv[1], "h") == 0) || (strcmp(argv[1], "-h") == 0)) {
+                       usage(argv);
+               }
+               if(strcmp(argv[1], "hv") == 0) {
+                       usageVerbose(argv);
+               }
+       }
+       
+       /* set up defaults */
+       memset(&pargs, 0, sizeof(sslPingArgs));
+       pargs.hostName = DEFAULT_HOST;
+       pargs.port = DEFAULT_PORT;
+       pargs.resumableEnable = true;
+       pargs.argv = argv;
+       
+       for(arg=1; arg<argc; arg++) {
+               argp = argv[arg];
+               if(arg == 1) {
+                       /* first arg, is always hostname; '-' means default */
+                       if(argp[0] != '-') {
+                               pargs.hostName = argp;
+                       }
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if(argp[0] == '/') {
+                       /* path always starts with leading slash */
+                       getPath = argp;
+                       continue;
+               }
+               /* options */
+               switch(argp[0]) {
+                       case 'e':
+                               pargs.allowExpired = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'E':
+                               pargs.allowExpiredRoot = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'x':
+                               pargs.disableCertVerify = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'M':
+                               pargs.disableCertVerify = true; // implied
+                               pargs.manualCertVerify = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'I':
+                               pargs.interactiveAuth = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'a':
+                               if(++arg == argc)  {
+                                       /* requires another arg */
+                                       usage(argv);
+                               }
+                               pargs.anchorFile = argv[arg];
+                               break;
+                       case 'A':
+                               if(++arg == argc)  {
+                                       /* requires another arg */
+                                       usage(argv);
+                               }
+                               pargs.anchorFile = argv[arg];
+                               pargs.replaceAnchors = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'Z':
+                               if(++arg == argc)  {
+                                       /* requires another arg */
+                                       usage(argv);
+                               }
+                               pargs.trustedLeafFile = argv[arg];
+                               break;
+                       case 'r':
+                               pargs.allowAnyRoot = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'd':
+                               pargs.dumpRxData = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'c':
+                               displayCerts = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'f':
+                               if(++arg == argc)  {
+                                       /* requires another arg */
+                                       usage(argv);
+                               }
+                               fileBase = argv[arg];
+                               break;
+                       case 'C':
+                               pargs.cipherRestrict = argp[2];
+                               break;
+                       case 'S':
+                               pargs.showCipherSuites = true;
+                               break;
+                       case '2':
+                               doSslV3 = doTlsV1 = false;
+                               doSslV2 = true;
+                               break;
+                       case '3':
+                               doSslV2 = doTlsV1 = false;
+                               doSslV3 = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 't':
+                               /* currently the default... */
+                               doSslV2 = doSslV3 = false;
+                               doTlsV1 = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'L':
+                               doSslV2 = doSslV3 = doTlsV1 = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'o':
+                               protXOnly = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'u':
+                               doSslV2 = doSslV3 = doTlsV1 = false;
+                               doProtUnknown = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'K':
+                               pargs.keepConnected = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'n':
+                               pargs.requireNotify = true;
+                               pargs.keepConnected = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'R':
+                               pargs.resumableEnable = false;
+                               break;
+                       case 'b':
+                               pargs.nonBlocking = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'v':
+                               verifyProt = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'm':
+                               if(argp[1] != '=') {
+                                       usage(argv);
+                               }
+                               verifyProt = true;              // implied
+                               maxProtocol = charToProt(argp[2], argv);
+                               break;
+                       case 'g':
+                               if(argp[1] != '=') {
+                                       usage(argv);
+                               }
+                               acceptedProts = &argp[2];
+                               doSslV3 = doSslV2 = doTlsV1 = false;
+                               break;
+                       case 'l':
+                               loopCount = atoi(&argp[2]);
+                               if(loopCount == 0) {
+                                       printf("***bad loopCount\n");
+                                       usage(argv);
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       case 'P':
+                               pargs.port = atoi(&argp[2]);
+                               break;
+                       case 'H':
+                               pargs.allowHostnameSpoof = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'F':
+                               pargs.vfyHostName = &argp[2];
+                               break;
+                       case 'k':
+                               keyChainName = &argp[2];
+                               break;
+                       case 'y':
+                               encryptKeyChainName = &argp[2];
+                               break;
+                       case 'G':
+                               getMsgSpec = &argp[2];
+                               break;
+                       case 'T':
+                               if(argp[1] != '=') {
+                                       usage(argv);
+                               }
+                               vfyCertState = true;
+                               switch(argp[2]) {
+                                       case 'n':
+                                               expectCertState = kSSLClientCertNone;
+                                               break;
+                                       case 'r':
+                                               expectCertState = kSSLClientCertRequested;
+                                               break;
+                                       case 's':
+                                               expectCertState = kSSLClientCertSent;
+                                               break;
+                                       case 'j':
+                                               expectCertState = kSSLClientCertRejected;
+                                               break;
+                                       default:
+                                               usage(argv);
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       case 'z':
+                               pargs.password = &argp[2];
+                               break;
+                       case 'p':
+                               doPause = true;
+                               break;
+                       case '7':
+                               pauseFirstLoop = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'q':
+                               pargs.quiet = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'V':
+                               pargs.verbose = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 's':
+                               pargs.silent = pargs.quiet = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'N':
+                               displayHandshakeTimes = true;
+                               break;
+                       case '8':
+                               completeCertChain = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'i':
+                               pargs.sessionCacheTimeout = atoi(&argp[2]);
+                               break;
+                       case '4':
+                               pargs.disableAnonCiphers = true;
+                               break;
+                       case 'D':
+                               if(++arg == argc)  {
+                                       /* requires another arg */
+                                       usage(argv);
+                               }
+                               dnFileBase = argv[arg];
+                               break;
+                       case 'h':
+                               if(pargs.verbose || (argp[1] == 'v')) {
+                                       usageVerbose(argv);
+                               }
+                               else {
+                                       usage(argv);
+                               }
+                       default:
+                               usage(argv);
+               }
+       }
+       if(getMsgSpec) {
+               pargs.getMsg = getMsgSpec;
+       }
+       else {
+               sprintf(getMsg, "%s %s %s", 
+                       DEFAULT_GETMSG, getPath, DEFAULT_GET_SUFFIX);
+               pargs.getMsg = getMsg;
+       }
+                       
+       /* get client cert and optional encryption cert as CFArrayRef */
+       if(keyChainName) {
+               pargs.clientCerts = getSslCerts(keyChainName, false, completeCertChain,
+                       pargs.anchorFile, &serverKc);
+               if(pargs.clientCerts == nil) {
+                       exit(1);
+               }
+               if(pargs.password) {
+                       OSStatus ortn = SecKeychainUnlock(serverKc, 
+                               strlen(pargs.password), pargs.password, true);
+                       if(ortn) {
+                               printf("SecKeychainUnlock returned %d\n", (int)ortn);
+                               /* oh well */
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       if(encryptKeyChainName) {
+               pargs.encryptClientCerts = getSslCerts(encryptKeyChainName, true, 
+                               completeCertChain, pargs.anchorFile, &encryptKc);
+               if(pargs.encryptClientCerts == nil) {
+                       exit(1);
+               }
+       }
+       signal(SIGPIPE, sigpipe);
+
+       if(loopCount != 0) {
+               /* prepare to handle KC callbacks for root cert cache invalidation */
+               if(startCFRunLoop()) {
+                       exit(1);
+               }
+
+               /* give that thread a chance right now */
+               while(!runLoopInitialized) {
+                       usleep(1000);
+               };
+       }
+
+       if(doPause) {
+               char resp;
+               fpurge(stdin);
+               printf("Before main loop. Hit a to abort, c to continue: ");
+               resp = getchar();
+               if(resp == 'a') {
+                       exit(1);
+               }
+       }
+
+       for(loop=0; loop<loopCount; loop++) {
+               /* 
+                * One pass for each protocol version, skipping any explicit version if
+                * an attempt at a higher version and succeeded in doing so successfully fell
+                * back.
+                */
+               if(doTlsV1) {
+                       pargs.tryVersion = 
+                               protXOnly ? kTLSProtocol1Only : kTLSProtocol1;
+                       pargs.acceptedProts = NULL;
+                       if(!pargs.silent) {
+                               printf("Connecting to host %s with TLS V1...\n", pargs.hostName); 
+                       }
+                       fflush(stdout);
+                       err = sslPing(&pargs);
+                       if(err) {
+                               ourRtn++;
+                       }
+                       if(!pargs.quiet) {
+                               if(fileBase) {
+                                       sprintf(fullFileBase, "%s_v3.1", fileBase);
+                               }
+                               showSSLResult(pargs,
+                                       err, 
+                                       displayCerts,
+                                       fileBase ? fullFileBase : NULL,
+                                       dnFileBase);
+                       }
+                       freePingArgs(&pargs);
+                       if(!err) {
+                               /* deal with fallbacks, skipping redundant tests */
+                               switch(pargs.negVersion) {
+                                       case kSSLProtocol3:
+                                               doSslV3 = false;
+                                               break;
+                                       case kSSLProtocol2:
+                                               doSslV3 = false;
+                                               doSslV2 = false;
+                                               break;
+                                       default:
+                                               break;
+                               }
+                               ourRtn += verifyProtocol(verifyProt, maxProtocol, kTLSProtocol1,
+                                       pargs.negVersion);
+                       }
+                       /* note we do this regardless since the client state might be
+                        * the cause of a failure */
+                       ourRtn += verifyClientCertState(vfyCertState, expectCertState,
+                               pargs.certState);
+               }
+               if(doSslV3) {
+                       pargs.tryVersion = protXOnly ? kSSLProtocol3Only : kSSLProtocol3;
+                       pargs.acceptedProts = NULL;
+                       if(!pargs.silent) {
+                               printf("Connecting to host %s with SSL V3...\n", pargs.hostName); 
+                       }
+                       fflush(stdout);
+                       err = sslPing(&pargs);
+                       if(err) {
+                               ourRtn++;
+                       }
+                       if(!pargs.quiet) {
+                               if(fileBase) {
+                                       sprintf(fullFileBase, "%s_v3.0", fileBase);
+                               }
+                               showSSLResult(pargs,
+                                       err, 
+                                       displayCerts,
+                                       fileBase ? fullFileBase : NULL,
+                                       dnFileBase);
+                       }
+                       freePingArgs(&pargs);
+                       if(!err) {
+                               /* deal with fallbacks, skipping redundant tests */
+                               switch(pargs.negVersion) {
+                                       case kSSLProtocol2:
+                                               doSslV2 = false;
+                                               break;
+                                       default:
+                                               break;
+                               }
+                               ourRtn += verifyProtocol(verifyProt, maxProtocol, kSSLProtocol3,
+                                       pargs.negVersion);
+                       }
+                       /* note we do this regardless since the client state might be
+                        * the cause of a failure */
+                       ourRtn += verifyClientCertState(vfyCertState, expectCertState,
+                               pargs.certState);
+               }
+               
+               if(doSslV2) {
+                       if(fileBase) {
+                               sprintf(fullFileBase, "%s_v2", fileBase);
+                       }
+                       if(!pargs.silent) {
+                               printf("Connecting to host %s with SSL V2...\n", pargs.hostName);
+                       }
+                       fflush(stdout);
+                       pargs.tryVersion = kSSLProtocol2;
+                       pargs.acceptedProts = NULL;
+                       err = sslPing(&pargs);
+                       if(err) {
+                               ourRtn++;
+                       }
+                       if(!pargs.quiet) {
+                               if(fileBase) {
+                                       sprintf(fullFileBase, "%s_v2", fileBase);
+                               }
+                               showSSLResult(pargs,
+                                       err, 
+                                       displayCerts,
+                                       fileBase ? fullFileBase : NULL,
+                                       dnFileBase);
+                       }
+                       freePingArgs(&pargs);   
+                       if(!err) {
+                               ourRtn += verifyProtocol(verifyProt, maxProtocol, kSSLProtocol2,
+                                       pargs.negVersion);
+                       }
+                       /* note we do this regardless since the client state might be
+                        * the cause of a failure */
+                       ourRtn += verifyClientCertState(vfyCertState, expectCertState,
+                               pargs.certState);
+               }
+               if(doProtUnknown) {
+                       if(!pargs.silent) {
+                               printf("Connecting to host %s with kSSLProtocolUnknown...\n", 
+                                       pargs.hostName); 
+                       }
+                       fflush(stdout);
+                       pargs.tryVersion = kSSLProtocolUnknown;
+                       pargs.acceptedProts = NULL;
+                       err = sslPing(&pargs);
+                       if(err) {
+                               ourRtn++;
+                       }
+                       if(!pargs.quiet) {
+                               if(fileBase) {
+                                       sprintf(fullFileBase, "%s_def", fileBase);
+                               }
+                               showSSLResult(pargs,
+                                       err, 
+                                       displayCerts,
+                                       fileBase ? fullFileBase : NULL,
+                                       dnFileBase);
+                       }
+                       freePingArgs(&pargs);
+               }
+               if(acceptedProts != NULL) {
+                       pargs.acceptedProts = acceptedProts;
+                       pargs.tryVersion = kSSLProtocolUnknown; // not used
+                       if(!pargs.silent) {
+                               printf("Connecting to host %s with acceptedProts %s...\n", 
+                                       pargs.hostName, pargs.acceptedProts); 
+                       }
+                       fflush(stdout);
+                       err = sslPing(&pargs);
+                       if(err) {
+                               ourRtn++;
+                       }
+                       if(!pargs.quiet) {
+                               if(fileBase) {
+                                       sprintf(fullFileBase, "%s_def", fileBase);
+                               }
+                               showSSLResult(pargs,
+                                       err, 
+                                       displayCerts,
+                                       fileBase ? fullFileBase : NULL,
+                                       dnFileBase);
+                       }
+                       freePingArgs(&pargs);
+               }
+               if(doPause || 
+                     (pauseFirstLoop && 
+                                /* pause after first, before last to grab trace */
+                        ((loop == 0) || (loop == loopCount - 1))
+                         )
+                  ) {
+                       char resp;
+                       fpurge(stdin);
+                       printf("a to abort, c to continue: ");
+                       resp = getchar();
+                       if(resp == 'a') {
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+    }  /* main loop */
+       if(displayHandshakeTimes) {
+               CFAbsoluteTime totalTime;
+               unsigned numHandshakes;
+               if(pargs.numHandshakes == 1) {
+                       /* just display the first one */
+                       totalTime = pargs.handshakeTimeFirst;
+                       numHandshakes = 1;
+               }
+               else {
+                       /* skip the first one */
+                       totalTime = pargs.handshakeTimeTotal;
+                       numHandshakes = pargs.numHandshakes - 1;
+               }
+               if(numHandshakes != 0) {
+                       printf("   %u handshakes in %f seconds; %f seconds per handshake\n",
+                               numHandshakes, totalTime,
+                               (totalTime / numHandshakes));
+               }
+       }
+       printCertShutdown();
+       if(ourRtn) {
+               printf("===%s exiting with %d %s for host %s\n", argv[0], ourRtn, 
+                       (ourRtn > 1) ? "errors" : "error", pargs.hostName);
+       }
+    return ourRtn;
+
+}
+
+