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[apple/security.git] / OSX / sec / Security / SecPasswordGenerate.c
diff --git a/OSX/sec/Security/SecPasswordGenerate.c b/OSX/sec/Security/SecPasswordGenerate.c
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@@ -0,0 +1,1392 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013-2014 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
+ *
+ * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
+ * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
+ * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
+ * compliance with the License. Please obtain a copy of the License at
+ * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this
+ * file.
+ *
+ * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
+ * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
+ * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
+ * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
+ */
+
+/*
+ * SecPasswordStrength.c
+ */
+
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
+#include <Security/SecItem.h>
+#include <Security/SecBase.h>
+#include <Security/SecRandom.h>
+#include "SecPasswordGenerate.h"
+#include <AssertMacros.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <utilities/SecCFWrappers.h>
+#include <utilities/SecCFRelease.h>
+#include <utilities/SecCFError.h>
+
+// Keys for external dictionaries with password generation requirements we read from plist.
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordMinLengthKey = CFSTR("PasswordMinLength");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordMaxLengthKey = CFSTR("PasswordMaxLength");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordAllowedCharactersKey = CFSTR("PasswordAllowedCharacters");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordRequiredCharactersKey = CFSTR("PasswordRequiredCharacters");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordDefaultForType = CFSTR("PasswordDefaultForType");
+
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordDisallowedCharacters = CFSTR("PasswordDisallowedCharacters");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordCantStartWithChars = CFSTR("PasswordCantStartWithChars");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordCantEndWithChars = CFSTR("PasswordCantEndWithChars");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordContainsNoMoreThanNSpecificCharacters = CFSTR("PasswordContainsNoMoreThanNSpecificCharacters");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordContainsAtLeastNSpecificCharacters = CFSTR("PasswordContainsAtLeastNSpecificCharacters");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordContainsNoMoreThanNConsecutiveIdenticalCharacters = CFSTR("PasswordContainsNoMoreThanNConsecutiveIdenticalCharacters");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordCharacterCount = CFSTR("PasswordCharacterCount");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordCharacters = CFSTR("PasswordCharacters");
+
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordGroupSize = CFSTR("PasswordGroupSize");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordNumberOfGroups = CFSTR("PasswordNumberOfGroups");
+CFStringRef kSecPasswordSeparator = CFSTR("SecPasswordSeparator");
+
+// Keys for internally used dictionaries with password generation parameters (never exposed to external API).
+static CFStringRef kSecUseDefaultPasswordFormatKey = CFSTR("UseDefaultPasswordFormat");
+static CFStringRef kSecNumberOfRequiredRandomCharactersKey = CFSTR("NumberOfRequiredRandomCharacters");
+static CFStringRef kSecAllowedCharactersKey = CFSTR("AllowedCharacters");
+static CFStringRef kSecRequiredCharacterSetsKey = CFSTR("RequiredCharacterSets");
+
+static CFIndex defaultNumberOfRandomCharacters = 20;
+static CFIndex defaultPINLength = 4;
+static CFIndex defaultiCloudPasswordLength = 24;
+static CFIndex defaultWifiPasswordLength = 12;
+
+static CFStringRef defaultWifiCharacters = CFSTR("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890");
+static CFStringRef defaultPINCharacters = CFSTR("0123456789");
+static CFStringRef defaultiCloudCharacters = CFSTR("ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ23456789");
+static CFStringRef defaultCharacters = CFSTR("abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ123456789");
+
+static CFCharacterSetRef uppercaseLetterCharacterSet;
+static CFCharacterSetRef lowercaseLetterCharacterSet;
+static CFCharacterSetRef decimalDigitCharacterSet;
+static CFCharacterSetRef punctuationCharacterSet;
+
+static CFIndex alphabetSetSize = 26;
+static CFIndex decimalSetSize = 10;
+static CFIndex punctuationSetSize = 33;
+static double entropyStrengthThreshold = 35.0;
+
+/*
+ generated with ruby badpins.rb | gperf
+ See this for PIN list:
+ A birthday present every eleven wallets? The security of customer-chosen banking PINs (2012),  by Joseph Bonneau , Sören Preibusch , Ross Anderson
+ */
+const char *in_word_set (const char *str, unsigned int len);
+
+#if !((' ' == 32) && ('!' == 33) && ('"' == 34) && ('#' == 35) \
+&& ('%' == 37) && ('&' == 38) && ('\'' == 39) && ('(' == 40) \
+&& (')' == 41) && ('*' == 42) && ('+' == 43) && (',' == 44) \
+&& ('-' == 45) && ('.' == 46) && ('/' == 47) && ('0' == 48) \
+&& ('1' == 49) && ('2' == 50) && ('3' == 51) && ('4' == 52) \
+&& ('5' == 53) && ('6' == 54) && ('7' == 55) && ('8' == 56) \
+&& ('9' == 57) && (':' == 58) && (';' == 59) && ('<' == 60) \
+&& ('=' == 61) && ('>' == 62) && ('?' == 63) && ('A' == 65) \
+&& ('B' == 66) && ('C' == 67) && ('D' == 68) && ('E' == 69) \
+&& ('F' == 70) && ('G' == 71) && ('H' == 72) && ('I' == 73) \
+&& ('J' == 74) && ('K' == 75) && ('L' == 76) && ('M' == 77) \
+&& ('N' == 78) && ('O' == 79) && ('P' == 80) && ('Q' == 81) \
+&& ('R' == 82) && ('S' == 83) && ('T' == 84) && ('U' == 85) \
+&& ('V' == 86) && ('W' == 87) && ('X' == 88) && ('Y' == 89) \
+&& ('Z' == 90) && ('[' == 91) && ('\\' == 92) && (']' == 93) \
+&& ('^' == 94) && ('_' == 95) && ('a' == 97) && ('b' == 98) \
+&& ('c' == 99) && ('d' == 100) && ('e' == 101) && ('f' == 102) \
+&& ('g' == 103) && ('h' == 104) && ('i' == 105) && ('j' == 106) \
+&& ('k' == 107) && ('l' == 108) && ('m' == 109) && ('n' == 110) \
+&& ('o' == 111) && ('p' == 112) && ('q' == 113) && ('r' == 114) \
+&& ('s' == 115) && ('t' == 116) && ('u' == 117) && ('v' == 118) \
+&& ('w' == 119) && ('x' == 120) && ('y' == 121) && ('z' == 122) \
+&& ('{' == 123) && ('|' == 124) && ('}' == 125) && ('~' == 126))
+/* The character set is not based on ISO-646.  */
+error "gperf generated tables don't work with this execution character set. Please report a bug to <bug-gnu-gperf@gnu.org>."
+#endif
+
+
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 100
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 4
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 4
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 21
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 275
+/* maximum key range = 255, duplicates = 0 */
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+inline
+#endif
+#endif
+static unsigned int pinhash (const char *str, unsigned int len)
+{
+    static unsigned short asso_values[] =
+    {
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,   5,   0,
+        10,  10,  30,  50, 100, 120,  70,  25,  57,  85,
+        2,   4,   1,  19,  14,  11,  92, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276, 276,
+        276, 276, 276, 276, 276
+    };
+    return len + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[3]+9] + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[2]] + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[1]] + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[0]+3];
+}
+
+CFStringRef SecPasswordCreateWithRandomDigits(int n, CFErrorRef *error){
+    int min = n;
+    int max = n;
+
+    uppercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetUppercaseLetter);
+    lowercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetLowercaseLetter);
+    decimalDigitCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetDecimalDigit);
+    punctuationCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetPunctuation);
+
+    CFNumberRef minRef = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberIntType, &min);
+    CFNumberRef maxRef = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberIntType, &max);
+
+    CFMutableDictionaryRef passwordRequirements = CFDictionaryCreateMutableForCFTypes(kCFAllocatorDefault);
+    CFDictionaryAddValue(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordMinLengthKey, minRef);
+    CFDictionaryAddValue(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordMaxLengthKey, maxRef);
+    CFStringRef allowedCharacters = CFSTR("0123456789");
+
+    CFDictionaryAddValue(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordAllowedCharactersKey, allowedCharacters);
+
+    CFStringRef password = SecPasswordGenerate(kSecPasswordTypePIN, error, passwordRequirements);
+
+    CFReleaseNull(minRef);
+    CFReleaseNull(maxRef);
+    CFReleaseNull(passwordRequirements);
+
+    return password;
+}
+
+
+
+//pins that reached the top 20 list
+static const char *blacklist[] = {"1234", "1004", "2000", "1122", "4321", "2001", "2580"};
+bool SecPasswordIsPasswordWeak(CFStringRef passcode)
+{
+    uppercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetUppercaseLetter);
+    lowercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetLowercaseLetter);
+    decimalDigitCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetDecimalDigit);
+    punctuationCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetPunctuation);
+
+    bool isNumber = true;
+    char* pin = NULL;
+
+    //length checks
+    if( CFStringGetLength(passcode) < 4 ){
+        return true; //weak password
+    }
+    //check to see if passcode is a number
+    for(CFIndex i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(passcode); i++){
+        if( CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(passcode, decimalDigitCharacterSet, CFRangeMake(i,1), 0, NULL))
+            continue;
+        else {
+            isNumber = false;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    //checking to see if it's a 4 digit pin
+    if(isNumber && CFStringGetLength(passcode) == 4){
+
+        pin = CFStringToCString(passcode);
+        if(in_word_set(pin, 4)){
+            free(pin);
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        CFIndex blacklistLength = (CFIndex)sizeof(blacklist)/sizeof(blacklist[0]);
+
+        //not all the same number
+        if(pin[0] == pin[1] == pin[2] == pin[3]){
+            free(pin);
+            return true; //weak password
+        }
+        //first two digits being the same and the last two digits being the same
+        if ( pin[0] == pin[1] && pin[2] == pin[3]){
+            free(pin);
+            return true; //weak password
+        }
+        //first two digits not being the same as the last two digits
+        if(pin[0] == pin[2] && pin[1] == pin[3]){
+            free(pin);
+            return true; //weak password
+        }
+        //not in this list
+        for(CFIndex i = 0; i < blacklistLength; i++)
+        {
+            const char* blackCode = blacklist[i];
+            if(0 == strcmp(blackCode, pin))
+            {
+                free(pin);
+                return true; //weak password
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else if(isNumber){ //dealing with a numeric PIN
+        pin = CFStringToCString(passcode);
+        //check if PIN is all the same number
+        for(int i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(passcode); i++){
+            if(i+1 >= CFStringGetLength(passcode)){
+                free(pin);
+                return true;
+            }
+            else if (pin[i] == pin[i+1])
+                continue;
+            else
+                break;
+        }
+        //check if PIN is a bunch of incrementing numbers
+        for(int i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(passcode); i++){
+            if(i == CFStringGetLength(passcode)-1){
+                free(pin);
+                return true;
+            }
+            else if ((pin[i] + 1) == pin[i+1])
+                continue;
+            else
+                break;
+        }
+        //check if PIN is a bunch of decrementing numbers
+        for(int i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(passcode); i++){
+            if(i == CFStringGetLength(passcode)-1){
+                free(pin);
+                return true;
+            }
+            else if ((pin[i]) == (pin[i+1] +1))
+                continue;
+            else
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    else{ // password is complex, evaluate entropy
+        int u = 0;
+        int l = 0;
+        int d = 0;
+        int p = 0;
+        int characterSet = 0;
+
+        //calculate new entropy
+        for(CFIndex i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(passcode); i++){
+
+            if( CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(passcode, uppercaseLetterCharacterSet, CFRangeMake(i,1), kCFCompareBackwards, NULL)){
+                u++;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if( CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(passcode, lowercaseLetterCharacterSet, CFRangeMake(i,1), kCFCompareBackwards, NULL)){
+                l++;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if( CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(passcode, decimalDigitCharacterSet, CFRangeMake(i,1), kCFCompareBackwards, NULL)){
+                d++;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if( CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(passcode, punctuationCharacterSet, CFRangeMake(i,1), kCFCompareBackwards, NULL)){
+                p++;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+        }
+        if(u > 0){
+            characterSet += alphabetSetSize;
+        }
+        if(l > 0){
+            characterSet += alphabetSetSize;
+        }
+        if(d > 0){
+            characterSet += decimalSetSize;
+        }
+        if(p > 0){
+            characterSet += punctuationSetSize;
+        }
+
+        double strength = CFStringGetLength(passcode)*log2(characterSet);
+
+        if(strength < entropyStrengthThreshold){
+            return true; //weak
+        }
+        else
+            return false; //strong
+    }
+    if(pin)
+        free(pin);
+
+    return false; //strong password
+
+}
+
+static bool SecPasswordIsPasscodeIncrementingOrDecrementingDigits(CFStringRef passcode)
+{
+    char* pin = CFStringToCString(passcode);
+
+    //check if PIN is a bunch of incrementing numbers
+    for(int i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(passcode); i++){
+        if(i == CFStringGetLength(passcode)-1){
+            free(pin);
+            return true;
+        }
+        else if ((pin[i] + 1) == pin[i+1])
+            continue;
+        else
+            break;
+    }
+    //check if PIN is a bunch of decrementing numbers
+    for(int i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(passcode); i++){
+        if(i == CFStringGetLength(passcode)-1){
+            free(pin);
+            return true;
+        }
+        else if ((pin[i]) == (pin[i+1] +1))
+            continue;
+        else
+            break;
+    }
+    free(pin);
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool SecPasswordIsPasswordWeak2(bool isSimple, CFStringRef passcode)
+{
+    uppercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetUppercaseLetter);
+    lowercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetLowercaseLetter);
+    decimalDigitCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetDecimalDigit);
+    punctuationCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetPunctuation);
+
+
+    char* pin = NULL;
+
+    //length checks
+    if( CFStringGetLength(passcode) < 4 ){
+        return true; //weak password
+    }
+
+    bool isPasscodeNumber = true;
+    //check to see if passcode is a number
+    for(CFIndex i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(passcode); i++){
+        if( CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(passcode, decimalDigitCharacterSet, CFRangeMake(i,1), 0, NULL))
+            continue;
+        else {
+            isPasscodeNumber = false;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(isSimple){
+        //checking to see if it's a 4 digit pin
+        if(isPasscodeNumber && CFStringGetLength(passcode) == 4){
+
+            pin = CFStringToCString(passcode);
+            if(in_word_set(pin, 4)){
+                free(pin);
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            CFIndex blacklistLength = (CFIndex)sizeof(blacklist)/sizeof(blacklist[0]);
+
+            //not all the same number
+            if(pin[0] == pin[1] == pin[2] == pin[3]){
+                free(pin);
+                return true; //weak password
+            }
+            //first two digits being the same and the last two digits being the same
+            if ( pin[0] == pin[1] && pin[2] == pin[3]){
+                free(pin);
+                return true; //weak password
+            }
+            //first two digits not being the same as the last two digits
+            if(pin[0] == pin[2] && pin[1] == pin[3]){
+                free(pin);
+                return true; //weak password
+            }
+            //not in this list
+            for(CFIndex i = 0; i < blacklistLength; i++)
+            {
+                const char* blackCode = blacklist[i];
+                if(0 == strcmp(blackCode, pin))
+                {
+                    free(pin);
+                    return true; //weak password
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else if(isPasscodeNumber && CFStringGetLength(passcode) == 6){
+            pin = CFStringToCString(passcode);
+
+            //not all the same number
+            for(int i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(passcode); i++){
+                if(i == CFStringGetLength(passcode)-1){
+                    free(pin);
+                    return true;
+                }
+                else if ((pin[i]) == pin[i+1])
+                    continue;
+                else
+                    break;
+            }
+            //passcode is incrementing ex 123456 or 654321
+            if(SecPasswordIsPasscodeIncrementingOrDecrementingDigits(passcode)) {
+                free(pin);
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        else//should be a 4 or 6digit number
+            return false;
+    }
+    else if(isPasscodeNumber && !isSimple){ //dealing with a complex numeric passcode
+        pin = CFStringToCString(passcode);
+        //check if PIN is all the same number
+        for(int i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(passcode); i++){
+            if(i+1 >= CFStringGetLength(passcode)){
+                free(pin);
+                return true;
+            }
+            else if (pin[i] == pin[i+1])
+                continue;
+            else
+                break;
+        }
+        if(SecPasswordIsPasscodeIncrementingOrDecrementingDigits(passcode)) {
+            free(pin);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    else{ // password is complex, evaluate entropy
+        int u = 0;
+        int l = 0;
+        int d = 0;
+        int p = 0;
+        int characterSet = 0;
+
+        //calculate new entropy
+        for(CFIndex i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(passcode); i++){
+
+            if( CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(passcode, uppercaseLetterCharacterSet, CFRangeMake(i,1), kCFCompareBackwards, NULL)){
+                u++;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if( CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(passcode, lowercaseLetterCharacterSet, CFRangeMake(i,1), kCFCompareBackwards, NULL)){
+                l++;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if( CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(passcode, decimalDigitCharacterSet, CFRangeMake(i,1), kCFCompareBackwards, NULL)){
+                d++;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if( CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(passcode, punctuationCharacterSet, CFRangeMake(i,1), kCFCompareBackwards, NULL)){
+                p++;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+        }
+        if(u > 0){
+            characterSet += alphabetSetSize;
+        }
+        if(l > 0){
+            characterSet += alphabetSetSize;
+        }
+        if(d > 0){
+            characterSet += decimalSetSize;
+        }
+        if(p > 0){
+            characterSet += punctuationSetSize;
+        }
+
+        double strength = CFStringGetLength(passcode)*log2(characterSet);
+
+        if(strength < entropyStrengthThreshold){
+            return true; //weak
+        }
+        else
+            return false; //strong
+    }
+    if(pin)
+        free(pin);
+
+    return false; //strong password
+
+}
+
+static void getUniformRandomNumbers(uint8_t* buffer, size_t numberOfDesiredNumbers, uint8_t upperBound)
+{
+
+    // The values returned by SecRandomCopyBytes are uniformly distributed in the range [0, 255]. If we try to map
+    // these values onto a smaller range using modulo we will introduce a bias towards lower numbers in situations
+    // where our smaller range doesn’t evenly divide in to [0, 255]. For example, with the desired range of [0, 54]
+    // the ranges 0..54, 55..109, 110..164, and 165..219 are uniformly distributed, but the range 220..255 modulo 55
+    // is only distributed over [0, 35], giving significant bias to these lower values. So, we ignore random numbers
+    // that would introduce this bias.
+    uint8_t limitAvoidingModuloBias = UCHAR_MAX - (UCHAR_MAX % upperBound);
+
+    for (size_t numberOfAcceptedNumbers = 0; numberOfAcceptedNumbers < numberOfDesiredNumbers; ) {
+        if (SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, numberOfDesiredNumbers - numberOfAcceptedNumbers, buffer + numberOfAcceptedNumbers) == -1)
+            continue;
+        for (size_t i = numberOfAcceptedNumbers; i < numberOfDesiredNumbers; ++i) {
+            if (buffer[i] < limitAvoidingModuloBias)
+                buffer[numberOfAcceptedNumbers++] = buffer[i] % upperBound;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static bool passwordContainsRequiredCharacters(CFStringRef password, CFArrayRef requiredCharacterSets)
+{
+    CFCharacterSetRef characterSet;
+
+    for (CFIndex i = 0; i< CFArrayGetCount(requiredCharacterSets); i++) {
+        characterSet = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(requiredCharacterSets, i);
+        CFRange rangeToSearch = CFRangeMake(0, CFStringGetLength(password));
+        require_quiet(CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(password, characterSet, rangeToSearch, 0, NULL), fail);
+    }
+    return true;
+
+fail:
+    return false;
+
+}
+
+static bool passwordContainsLessThanNIdenticalCharacters(CFStringRef password, CFIndex identicalCount)
+{
+    unsigned char Char, nextChar;
+    int repeating = 0;
+
+    for(CFIndex i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(password); i++){
+        Char = CFStringGetCharacterAtIndex(password, i);
+        for(CFIndex j = i; j< CFStringGetLength(password); j++){
+            nextChar = CFStringGetCharacterAtIndex(password, j);
+            require_quiet(repeating <= identicalCount, fail);
+            if(Char == nextChar){
+                repeating++;
+            }else{
+                repeating = 0;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+fail:
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool passwordContainsAtLeastNCharacters(CFStringRef password, CFStringRef characters, CFIndex N)
+{
+    CFCharacterSetRef characterSet = NULL;
+    characterSet = CFCharacterSetCreateWithCharactersInString(kCFAllocatorDefault, characters);
+    CFIndex counter = 0;
+
+    for(CFIndex i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(password); i++){
+        if(CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(password, characterSet, CFRangeMake(i, 1), 0, NULL))
+            counter++;
+    }
+    CFReleaseNull(characterSet);
+    if(counter < N)
+        return false;
+    else
+        return true;
+}
+
+static bool passwordContainsLessThanNCharacters(CFStringRef password, CFStringRef characters, CFIndex N)
+{
+    CFCharacterSetRef characterSet = NULL;
+    characterSet = CFCharacterSetCreateWithCharactersInString(kCFAllocatorDefault, characters);
+    CFIndex counter = 0;
+
+    for(CFIndex i = 0; i < CFStringGetLength(password); i++){
+        if(CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(password, characterSet, CFRangeMake(i, 1), 0, NULL))
+            counter++;
+    }
+    CFReleaseNull(characterSet);
+    if(counter > N)
+        return false;
+    else
+        return true;
+}
+
+static bool passwordDoesNotContainCharacters(CFStringRef password, CFStringRef prohibitedCharacters)
+{
+    CFCharacterSetRef characterSet = NULL;
+    characterSet = CFCharacterSetCreateWithCharactersInString(kCFAllocatorDefault, prohibitedCharacters);
+    CFRange rangeToSearch = CFRangeMake(0, CFStringGetLength(password));
+
+    require_quiet(!CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(password, characterSet, rangeToSearch, 0, NULL), fail);
+    CFReleaseNull(characterSet);
+    return true;
+fail:
+    CFReleaseNull(characterSet);
+    return false;
+}
+
+static void getPasswordRandomCharacters(CFStringRef *returned, CFDictionaryRef requirements, CFIndex *numberOfRandomCharacters, CFStringRef allowedCharacters)
+{
+    uint8_t randomNumbers[*numberOfRandomCharacters];
+    unsigned char randomCharacters[*numberOfRandomCharacters];
+    getUniformRandomNumbers(randomNumbers, *numberOfRandomCharacters, CFStringGetLength(allowedCharacters));
+
+    CFTypeRef prohibitedCharacters = NULL;
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordDisallowedCharacters, &prohibitedCharacters))
+        prohibitedCharacters = NULL;
+
+    //it's faster for long characters to check each character produced for these cases
+    for (CFIndex i = 0; i < *numberOfRandomCharacters; ++i){
+        //check prohibited characters
+        UniChar randomChar[1];
+        randomChar[0] = CFStringGetCharacterAtIndex(allowedCharacters, randomNumbers[i]);
+        if (prohibitedCharacters != NULL)
+        {
+            CFStringRef temp = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(kCFAllocatorDefault, randomChar, 1);
+            bool pwdncc = passwordDoesNotContainCharacters(temp, prohibitedCharacters);
+            CFReleaseSafe(temp);
+            if (!pwdncc) {
+                //change up the random numbers so we don't get the same index into allowed
+                getUniformRandomNumbers(randomNumbers, *numberOfRandomCharacters, CFStringGetLength(allowedCharacters));
+                i--;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        randomCharacters[i] = (unsigned char)randomChar[0];
+    }
+
+    *returned = CFStringCreateWithBytes(kCFAllocatorDefault, randomCharacters, *numberOfRandomCharacters, kCFStringEncodingUTF8, false);
+}
+
+static bool doesPasswordEndWith(CFStringRef password, CFStringRef prohibitedCharacters)
+{
+    CFCharacterSetRef characterSet = NULL;
+    characterSet = CFCharacterSetCreateWithCharactersInString(kCFAllocatorDefault, prohibitedCharacters);
+
+    CFRange rangeToSearch = CFRangeMake(CFStringGetLength(password) - CFStringGetLength(prohibitedCharacters), CFStringGetLength(prohibitedCharacters));
+    require_quiet(0 == CFStringCompareWithOptions(password, prohibitedCharacters, rangeToSearch, 0), fail);
+    CFReleaseNull(characterSet);
+    return false;
+fail:
+    CFReleaseNull(characterSet);
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool doesPasswordStartWith(CFStringRef password, CFStringRef prohibitedCharacters)
+{
+    CFCharacterSetRef characterSet = NULL;
+    characterSet = CFCharacterSetCreateWithCharactersInString(kCFAllocatorDefault, prohibitedCharacters);
+
+    CFRange rangeToSearch = CFRangeMake(0, CFStringGetLength(prohibitedCharacters));
+    require_quiet(0 == CFStringCompareWithOptions(password, prohibitedCharacters, rangeToSearch, 0), fail);
+    CFReleaseNull(characterSet);
+    return false; //does not start with prohibitedCharacters
+fail:
+    CFReleaseNull(characterSet);
+    return true;
+}
+
+static CFDictionaryRef passwordGenerateCreateDefaultParametersDictionary(SecPasswordType type, CFDictionaryRef requirements){
+
+    CFMutableArrayRef requiredCharacterSets = NULL;
+    CFNumberRef numReqChars = NULL;
+    CFStringRef defaultPasswordFormat = NULL;
+    requiredCharacterSets = CFArrayCreateMutableForCFTypes(kCFAllocatorDefault);
+    defaultPasswordFormat = CFSTR("true");
+    CFTypeRef groupSizeRef = NULL, numberOfGroupsRef = NULL;
+    CFIndex groupSize, numberOfGroups;
+    CFDictionaryRef returned = NULL;
+
+    switch(type){
+        case(kSecPasswordTypeiCloudRecovery):
+            numReqChars = CFNumberCreateWithCFIndex(kCFAllocatorDefault, defaultiCloudPasswordLength);
+            groupSize = 4;
+            numberOfGroups = 6;
+            groupSizeRef = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &groupSize);
+            numberOfGroupsRef = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &numberOfGroups);
+
+            uppercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetUppercaseLetter);
+            decimalDigitCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetDecimalDigit);
+            CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, uppercaseLetterCharacterSet);
+            CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, decimalDigitCharacterSet);
+            returned = CFDictionaryCreateForCFTypes(kCFAllocatorDefault,
+                                                    kSecUseDefaultPasswordFormatKey,   defaultPasswordFormat,
+                                                    kSecNumberOfRequiredRandomCharactersKey, numReqChars,
+                                                    kSecAllowedCharactersKey,   defaultiCloudCharacters,
+                                                    kSecRequiredCharacterSetsKey, requiredCharacterSets,
+                                                    kSecPasswordGroupSize, groupSizeRef,
+                                                    kSecPasswordNumberOfGroups, numberOfGroupsRef,
+                                                    NULL);
+            break;
+
+        case(kSecPasswordTypePIN):
+            numReqChars = CFNumberCreateWithCFIndex(kCFAllocatorDefault, defaultPINLength);
+            groupSize = 4;
+            numberOfGroups = 1;
+            groupSizeRef = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &groupSize);
+            numberOfGroupsRef = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &numberOfGroups);
+
+            decimalDigitCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetDecimalDigit);
+            CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, decimalDigitCharacterSet);
+            returned = CFDictionaryCreateForCFTypes(kCFAllocatorDefault,
+                                                                         kSecUseDefaultPasswordFormatKey,   defaultPasswordFormat,
+                                                                         kSecNumberOfRequiredRandomCharactersKey, numReqChars,
+                                                                         kSecAllowedCharactersKey,   defaultPINCharacters,
+                                                                         kSecRequiredCharacterSetsKey, requiredCharacterSets,
+                                                                         kSecPasswordGroupSize, groupSizeRef,
+                                                                         kSecPasswordNumberOfGroups, numberOfGroupsRef,
+                                                                         NULL);
+            break;
+
+        case(kSecPasswordTypeWifi):
+            groupSize = 4;
+            numberOfGroups = 3;
+            groupSizeRef = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &groupSize);
+            numberOfGroupsRef = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &numberOfGroups);
+
+            lowercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetLowercaseLetter);
+            decimalDigitCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetDecimalDigit);
+
+            numReqChars = CFNumberCreateWithCFIndex(kCFAllocatorDefault, defaultWifiPasswordLength);
+            CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, lowercaseLetterCharacterSet);
+            CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, decimalDigitCharacterSet);
+            returned = CFDictionaryCreateForCFTypes(kCFAllocatorDefault,
+                                                                         kSecUseDefaultPasswordFormatKey,   defaultPasswordFormat,
+                                                                         kSecNumberOfRequiredRandomCharactersKey, numReqChars,
+                                                                         kSecAllowedCharactersKey,   defaultWifiCharacters,
+                                                                         kSecRequiredCharacterSetsKey, requiredCharacterSets,
+                                                                         kSecPasswordGroupSize, groupSizeRef,
+                                                                         kSecPasswordNumberOfGroups, numberOfGroupsRef,
+                                                                         NULL);
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            groupSize = 4;
+            numberOfGroups = 6;
+            groupSizeRef = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &groupSize);
+            numberOfGroupsRef = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &numberOfGroups);
+            uppercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetUppercaseLetter);
+            lowercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetLowercaseLetter);
+            decimalDigitCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetDecimalDigit);
+            CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, uppercaseLetterCharacterSet);
+            CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, lowercaseLetterCharacterSet);
+            CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, decimalDigitCharacterSet);
+
+            numReqChars = CFNumberCreateWithCFIndex(kCFAllocatorDefault, defaultNumberOfRandomCharacters);
+            returned = CFDictionaryCreateForCFTypes(kCFAllocatorDefault,
+                                                                         kSecUseDefaultPasswordFormatKey,   defaultPasswordFormat,
+                                                                         kSecNumberOfRequiredRandomCharactersKey, numReqChars,
+                                                                         kSecAllowedCharactersKey,   defaultCharacters,
+                                                                         kSecRequiredCharacterSetsKey, requiredCharacterSets,
+                                                                         kSecPasswordGroupSize, groupSizeRef,
+                                                                         kSecPasswordNumberOfGroups, numberOfGroupsRef,
+                                                                         NULL);
+
+
+
+            break;
+    }
+
+    CFReleaseNull(numReqChars);
+    CFReleaseNull(requiredCharacterSets);
+    CFReleaseNull(groupSizeRef);
+    CFReleaseNull(numberOfGroupsRef);
+    return returned;
+}
+static CFDictionaryRef passwordGenerationCreateParametersDictionary(SecPasswordType type, CFDictionaryRef requirements)
+{
+    CFMutableArrayRef requiredCharacterSets = CFArrayCreateMutableForCFTypes(kCFAllocatorDefault);
+    CFArrayRef requiredCharactersArray = NULL;
+    CFNumberRef numReqChars = NULL;
+    CFIndex numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters;
+    CFStringRef allowedCharacters = NULL, useDefaultPasswordFormat = NULL;
+    uint64_t valuePtr;
+    CFTypeRef prohibitedCharacters = NULL, endWith = NULL, startWith = NULL,
+            groupSizeRef = NULL, numberOfGroupsRef = NULL, separatorRef = NULL,
+            atMostCharactersRef = NULL,atLeastCharactersRef = NULL, identicalRef = NULL;
+
+    CFNumberRef min = (CFNumberRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(requirements, kSecPasswordMinLengthKey);
+    CFNumberRef max = (CFNumberRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(requirements, kSecPasswordMaxLengthKey);
+
+    CFNumberGetValue(min, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &valuePtr);
+    CFIndex minPasswordLength = (long)valuePtr;
+    CFNumberGetValue(max, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &valuePtr);
+    CFIndex maxPasswordLength = (long)valuePtr;
+
+    // If requirements allow, we will generate the password in default format.
+    useDefaultPasswordFormat = CFSTR("true");
+    numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters = defaultNumberOfRandomCharacters;
+
+    if(type == kSecPasswordTypePIN)
+    {
+        if( maxPasswordLength && minPasswordLength )
+            numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters = maxPasswordLength;
+        else if( !maxPasswordLength && minPasswordLength )
+            numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters = minPasswordLength;
+        else if( !minPasswordLength && maxPasswordLength )
+            numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters = maxPasswordLength;
+        else
+            numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters = defaultPINLength;
+
+        allowedCharacters = CFSTR("0123456789");
+        CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, decimalDigitCharacterSet);
+        requiredCharactersArray = CFArrayCreateCopy(NULL, requiredCharacterSets);
+        useDefaultPasswordFormat = CFSTR("false");
+    }
+    else{
+        if (minPasswordLength && minPasswordLength > defaultNumberOfRandomCharacters) {
+            useDefaultPasswordFormat = CFSTR("false");
+            numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters = minPasswordLength;
+        }
+        if (maxPasswordLength && maxPasswordLength < defaultNumberOfRandomCharacters) {
+            useDefaultPasswordFormat = CFSTR("false");
+            numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters = maxPasswordLength;
+        }
+        if (maxPasswordLength && minPasswordLength && maxPasswordLength == minPasswordLength && maxPasswordLength != defaultNumberOfRandomCharacters){
+            useDefaultPasswordFormat = CFSTR("false");
+            numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters = maxPasswordLength;
+        }
+        allowedCharacters = (CFStringRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(requirements, kSecPasswordAllowedCharactersKey);
+        requiredCharactersArray = (CFArrayRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(requirements, kSecPasswordRequiredCharactersKey);
+    }
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordDisallowedCharacters, &prohibitedCharacters))
+        prohibitedCharacters = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordCantEndWithChars, &endWith))
+        endWith = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordCantStartWithChars, &startWith))
+        startWith = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordGroupSize, &groupSizeRef))
+        groupSizeRef = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordNumberOfGroups, &numberOfGroupsRef))
+        numberOfGroupsRef = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordSeparator, &separatorRef))
+        separatorRef = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordContainsNoMoreThanNSpecificCharacters, &atMostCharactersRef))
+        atMostCharactersRef = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordContainsAtLeastNSpecificCharacters, &atLeastCharactersRef))
+        atLeastCharactersRef = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordContainsNoMoreThanNConsecutiveIdenticalCharacters, &identicalRef))
+        identicalRef = NULL;
+
+    if (allowedCharacters) {
+        if( false == CFStringFindWithOptions(allowedCharacters, CFSTR("-"), CFRangeMake(0, CFStringGetLength(allowedCharacters)), kCFCompareCaseInsensitive, NULL))
+            useDefaultPasswordFormat = CFSTR("false");
+    } else
+        allowedCharacters = defaultCharacters;
+
+    // In default password format, we use dashes only as separators, not as symbols you can encounter at a random position.
+    if (useDefaultPasswordFormat == CFSTR("false")){
+        CFMutableStringRef mutatedAllowedCharacters = CFStringCreateMutableCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFStringGetLength(allowedCharacters), allowedCharacters);
+        CFStringFindAndReplace (mutatedAllowedCharacters, CFSTR("-"), CFSTR(""), CFRangeMake(0, CFStringGetLength(allowedCharacters)),kCFCompareCaseInsensitive);
+        allowedCharacters = CFStringCreateCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, mutatedAllowedCharacters);
+    }
+
+    if (requiredCharactersArray) {
+        for (CFIndex i = 0; i < CFArrayGetCount(requiredCharactersArray); i++){
+            CFCharacterSetRef stringWithRequiredCharacters = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(requiredCharactersArray, i);
+            if(stringWithRequiredCharacters && CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(allowedCharacters, stringWithRequiredCharacters, CFRangeMake(0, CFStringGetLength(allowedCharacters)), 0, NULL)){
+                CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, stringWithRequiredCharacters);
+            }
+        }
+    } else{
+        uppercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetUppercaseLetter);
+        lowercaseLetterCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetLowercaseLetter);
+        decimalDigitCharacterSet = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetDecimalDigit);
+        CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, uppercaseLetterCharacterSet);
+        CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, lowercaseLetterCharacterSet);
+        CFArrayAppendValue(requiredCharacterSets, decimalDigitCharacterSet);
+    }
+
+
+    if (CFArrayGetCount(requiredCharacterSets) > numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters) {
+        CFReleaseNull(requiredCharacterSets);
+        requiredCharacterSets = NULL;
+    }
+    //create new CFDictionary
+    numReqChars = CFNumberCreateWithCFIndex(kCFAllocatorDefault, numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters);
+    CFMutableDictionaryRef updatedConstraints = CFDictionaryCreateMutableForCFTypes(kCFAllocatorDefault);
+    CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecUseDefaultPasswordFormatKey, useDefaultPasswordFormat);
+    CFDictionarySetValue(updatedConstraints, kSecNumberOfRequiredRandomCharactersKey, numReqChars);
+    CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecAllowedCharactersKey, allowedCharacters);
+    if(requiredCharacterSets)
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecRequiredCharacterSetsKey, requiredCharacterSets);
+
+    //add the prohibited characters string if it exists to the new dictionary
+    if(prohibitedCharacters)
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecPasswordDisallowedCharacters, prohibitedCharacters);
+
+    //add the characters the password can't end with if it exists to the new dictionary
+    if(endWith)
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecPasswordCantEndWithChars, endWith);
+
+    //add the characters the password can't start with if it exists to the new dictionary
+    if(startWith)
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecPasswordCantStartWithChars, startWith);
+
+    if(groupSizeRef)
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecPasswordGroupSize, groupSizeRef);
+
+    if(numberOfGroupsRef)
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecPasswordNumberOfGroups, numberOfGroupsRef);
+
+    if(separatorRef)
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecPasswordSeparator, separatorRef);
+
+    if(atMostCharactersRef)
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecPasswordContainsNoMoreThanNSpecificCharacters, atMostCharactersRef);
+
+    if(atLeastCharactersRef)
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecPasswordContainsAtLeastNSpecificCharacters, atLeastCharactersRef);
+
+    if(identicalRef)
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(updatedConstraints, kSecPasswordContainsNoMoreThanNConsecutiveIdenticalCharacters, identicalRef);
+
+    CFReleaseNull(useDefaultPasswordFormat);
+    CFReleaseNull(numReqChars);
+    CFReleaseNull(allowedCharacters);
+    CFReleaseNull(requiredCharacterSets);
+
+    return CFDictionaryCreateCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, updatedConstraints);
+}
+
+static bool isDictionaryFormattedProperly(SecPasswordType type, CFDictionaryRef passwordRequirements, CFErrorRef *error){
+
+    CFTypeRef defaults = NULL;
+    CFErrorRef tempError = NULL;
+    if(passwordRequirements == NULL){
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    if( CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordDefaultForType, &defaults) ){
+        if(isString(defaults) == true && 0 == CFStringCompare(defaults, CFSTR("true"), 0)){
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    //only need to check max and min pin length formatting
+    if(type == kSecPasswordTypePIN){
+        CFTypeRef minTest = NULL, maxTest = NULL;
+        uint64_t valuePtr;
+        CFIndex minPasswordLength = 0, maxPasswordLength= 0;
+
+        if( CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordDefaultForType, &defaults) ){
+            if(isString(defaults) == true && 0 == CFStringCompare(defaults, CFSTR("true"), 0)){
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        //check if the values exist!
+        if( CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordMaxLengthKey, &maxTest) ){
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(maxTest)!= true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("To generate a password, need a max length"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isNumber(maxTest), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The password's max length must be a CFNumberRef"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+
+        }
+        if (CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordMinLengthKey, &minTest) ){
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(minTest)!= true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("To generate a password, need a min length"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isNumber(minTest), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The password's min length must be a CFNumberRef"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        }
+        //check if the values exist!
+        if(maxTest){
+            CFNumberRef max = (CFNumberRef)maxTest;
+            CFNumberGetValue(max, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &valuePtr);
+            maxPasswordLength = (long)valuePtr;
+        }
+        if(minTest){
+            CFNumberRef min = (CFNumberRef)minTest;
+            CFNumberGetValue(min, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &valuePtr);
+            minPasswordLength = (long)valuePtr;
+        }
+        //make sure min and max make sense respective to each other and that they aren't less than 4 digits.
+        require_action_quiet(minPasswordLength && maxPasswordLength && minPasswordLength <= maxPasswordLength, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The password's length parameters make no sense ( is max < min ?)"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        require_action_quiet((minPasswordLength && minPasswordLength >= 4) || (maxPasswordLength && maxPasswordLength >= 4), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault,  CFSTR("The password's length parameters make no sense ( is max < min ?)"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+    }
+    else{
+        CFTypeRef allowedTest, maxTest, minTest, requiredTest, prohibitedCharacters, endWith, startWith,
+        groupSizeRef, numberOfGroupsRef, separatorRef, atMostCharactersRef,
+        atLeastCharactersRef, thresholdRef, identicalRef, characters;
+        uint64_t valuePtr;
+
+        //check if the values exist!
+        require_action_quiet(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordAllowedCharactersKey, &allowedTest), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("Need a string of characters; password must only contain characters in this string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        require_action_quiet( CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordMaxLengthKey, &maxTest), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("To generate a password, need a max length"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        require_action_quiet( CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordMinLengthKey, &minTest), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("To generate a password, need a min length"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        require_action_quiet(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordRequiredCharactersKey, &requiredTest), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("Need an array of character sets, password must have at least 1 character from each set"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+
+        //check if values are null?
+        require_action_quiet(isNull(allowedTest) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("Need a string of characters; password must only contain characters in this string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        require_action_quiet(isNull(maxTest)!= true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("To generate a password, need a max length"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        require_action_quiet(isNull(minTest)!= true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("To generate a password, need a min length"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        require_action_quiet(isNull(requiredTest)!= true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("Need an array of character sets, password must have at least 1 character from each set"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+
+        //check if the values are correct
+        require_action_quiet(isString(allowedTest), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The password's allowed characters must be a CFStringRef"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        require_action_quiet(isNumber(maxTest), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The password's max length must be a CFNumberRef"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        require_action_quiet(isNumber(minTest), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The password's min length must be a CFNumberRef"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        require_action_quiet(isArray(requiredTest), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The password's required characters must be an array of CFCharacterSetRefs"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+
+        CFNumberGetValue(minTest, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &valuePtr);
+        CFIndex minPasswordLength = (long)valuePtr;
+        CFNumberGetValue(maxTest, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &valuePtr);
+        CFIndex maxPasswordLength = (long)valuePtr;
+
+        require_action_quiet(minPasswordLength <= maxPasswordLength, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The password's length parameters make no sense ( is max < min ?)"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+
+        require_action_quiet(CFStringGetLength((CFStringRef)allowedTest) != 0, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("Need a string of characters; password must only contain characters in this string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        require_action_quiet(CFArrayGetCount((CFArrayRef)requiredTest), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("Need an array of character sets, password must have at least 1 character from each set"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+
+        if(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordDisallowedCharacters, &prohibitedCharacters)){
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(prohibitedCharacters) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("Disallowed Characters dictionary parameter is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isString(prohibitedCharacters), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("Disallowed Characters dictionary parameter is either null or not a string"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        }
+        if(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordCantEndWithChars, &endWith)){
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(endWith) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'EndWith' is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isString(endWith), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'EndWith' is either null or not a string"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        }
+        if(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordCantStartWithChars, &startWith)){
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(startWith) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'StartWith' is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isString(startWith), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'StartWith' is either null or not a string"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        }
+        if(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordGroupSize, &groupSizeRef)){
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(groupSizeRef) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'groupsize' is either null or not a number"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isNumber(groupSizeRef), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'groupsize' is either null or not a number"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        }
+        if(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordNumberOfGroups, &numberOfGroupsRef)){
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(numberOfGroupsRef) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'number of groupds' is either null or not a number"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isNumber(numberOfGroupsRef), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'number of groupds' is either null or not a number"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        }
+        if(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordSeparator, &separatorRef)){
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(separatorRef) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'password separator character' is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isString(separatorRef), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'password separator character' is either null or not a string"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        }
+
+        if(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordContainsNoMoreThanNSpecificCharacters, &atMostCharactersRef)){
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(atMostCharactersRef) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'At Most N Characters' is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isDictionary(atMostCharactersRef), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'At Most N Characters' is either null or not a string"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+
+            require_action_quiet(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(atMostCharactersRef, kSecPasswordCharacterCount, &thresholdRef) != false, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'At Most N Characters' is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(thresholdRef) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'characters' is either null or not a number"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isNumber(thresholdRef), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'characters' is either null or not a number"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+
+            require_action_quiet(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(atMostCharactersRef, kSecPasswordCharacters, &characters)!= false, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'At Most N Characters' is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(characters) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'Characters' is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isString(characters), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'Characters' is either null or not a string"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        }
+
+        if(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordContainsAtLeastNSpecificCharacters, &atLeastCharactersRef)){
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(atLeastCharactersRef) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'At Least N Characters' is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isDictionary(atLeastCharactersRef), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'At Least N Characters' is either null or not a string"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+
+            require_action_quiet(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(atLeastCharactersRef, kSecPasswordCharacterCount, &thresholdRef) != false, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'At Least N Characters' is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(thresholdRef) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'characters' is either null or not a number"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isNumber(thresholdRef), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'characters' is either null or not a number"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+
+            require_action_quiet(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(atLeastCharactersRef, kSecPasswordCharacters, &characters) != false, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'At Least N Characters' is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(characters) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'Characters' is either null or not a string"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isString(characters), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'Characters' is either null or not a string"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        }
+
+        if(CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordContainsNoMoreThanNConsecutiveIdenticalCharacters, &identicalRef)){
+            require_action_quiet(isNull(identicalRef) != true, fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'Identical Consecutive Characters' is either null or not a number"),  (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+            require_action_quiet(isNumber(identicalRef), fail, tempError = CFErrorCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, CFSTR("The dictionary parameter 'Identical Consecutive Characters' is either null or not a number"), (CFIndex)errSecBadReq, NULL));
+        }
+    }
+
+fail:
+    {
+        bool result = true;
+    if (tempError != NULL) {
+            if (error)
+                *error = CFRetainSafe(tempError);
+            result = false;
+    }
+
+    CFReleaseNull(tempError);
+        return result;
+}
+}
+
+static bool doesFinalPasswordPass(bool isSimple, CFStringRef password, CFDictionaryRef requirements){
+
+    CFTypeRef characters, identicalRef = NULL, NRef = NULL, endWith= NULL, startWith= NULL, atLeastCharacters= NULL, atMostCharacters = NULL;
+    uint64_t valuePtr;
+    CFIndex N, identicalCount;
+    CFArrayRef requiredCharacterSet = (CFArrayRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(requirements, kSecRequiredCharacterSetsKey);
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordCantEndWithChars, &endWith))
+        endWith = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordCantStartWithChars, &startWith))
+        startWith = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordContainsAtLeastNSpecificCharacters, &atLeastCharacters))
+        atLeastCharacters = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordContainsNoMoreThanNSpecificCharacters, &atMostCharacters))
+        atMostCharacters = NULL;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(requirements, kSecPasswordContainsNoMoreThanNConsecutiveIdenticalCharacters, &identicalRef))
+        identicalRef = NULL;
+    else{
+        CFNumberGetValue((CFNumberRef)identicalRef, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &valuePtr);
+        identicalCount = (long)valuePtr;
+    }
+    if(endWith != NULL)
+    {
+        if(!doesPasswordEndWith(password, endWith))
+            return false;
+    }
+    if(startWith != NULL){
+        if(!doesPasswordStartWith(password, startWith))
+            return false;
+    }
+    if(atLeastCharacters != NULL){
+        NRef = CFDictionaryGetValue(atLeastCharacters, kSecPasswordCharacterCount);
+        characters = CFDictionaryGetValue(atLeastCharacters, kSecPasswordCharacters);
+        CFNumberGetValue((CFNumberRef)NRef, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &valuePtr);
+        N = (long)valuePtr;
+        if(!passwordContainsAtLeastNCharacters(password, characters, N))
+            return false;
+    }
+    if(atMostCharacters != NULL){
+        NRef = CFDictionaryGetValue(atMostCharacters, kSecPasswordCharacterCount);
+        characters = CFDictionaryGetValue(atMostCharacters, kSecPasswordCharacters);
+        CFNumberGetValue((CFNumberRef)NRef, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &valuePtr);
+        N = (long)valuePtr;
+        if(!passwordContainsLessThanNCharacters(password, characters, N))
+            return false;
+    }
+    if(identicalRef != NULL){
+        if(!passwordContainsLessThanNIdenticalCharacters(password, identicalCount))
+            return false;
+    }
+    if (!passwordContainsRequiredCharacters(password, requiredCharacterSet))
+        return false;
+
+    if(true == SecPasswordIsPasswordWeak2(isSimple, password))
+        return false;
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+//entry point into password generation
+CF_RETURNS_RETAINED CFStringRef SecPasswordGenerate(SecPasswordType type, CFErrorRef *error, CFDictionaryRef passwordRequirements){
+    bool check = false, isSimple = false;
+    CFTypeRef separator = NULL, defaults = NULL, groupSizeRef = NULL, numberOfGroupsRef = NULL;
+    CFDictionaryRef properlyFormattedRequirements = NULL;
+    CFErrorRef localError = NULL;
+    uint64_t valuePtr, groupSize, numberOfGroups;
+    CFNumberRef numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters;
+    CFIndex requiredCharactersSize;
+    CFStringRef randomCharacters = NULL, password = NULL, allowedChars = NULL;
+    CFMutableStringRef finalPassword = NULL;
+
+    if(type == kSecPasswordTypePIN)
+        isSimple = true;
+    else
+        isSimple = false;
+    check = isDictionaryFormattedProperly(type, passwordRequirements, &localError);
+    require_quiet(check != false, fail);
+
+    //should we generate defaults?
+    if(passwordRequirements == NULL || (CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(passwordRequirements, kSecPasswordDefaultForType, &defaults) && isString(defaults) == true && 0 == CFStringCompare(defaults, CFSTR("true"), 0) ))
+        properlyFormattedRequirements = passwordGenerateCreateDefaultParametersDictionary(type, passwordRequirements);
+    else
+        properlyFormattedRequirements = passwordGenerationCreateParametersDictionary(type, passwordRequirements);
+
+    require_quiet(localError == NULL && properlyFormattedRequirements != NULL, fail);
+
+    numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters = (CFNumberRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(properlyFormattedRequirements, kSecNumberOfRequiredRandomCharactersKey);
+    CFNumberGetValue(numberOfRequiredRandomCharacters, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &valuePtr);
+    requiredCharactersSize = (long)valuePtr;
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(properlyFormattedRequirements, kSecPasswordGroupSize, &groupSizeRef)){
+        groupSizeRef = NULL;
+    }
+    else
+        CFNumberGetValue((CFNumberRef)groupSizeRef, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &groupSize);
+
+    if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(properlyFormattedRequirements, kSecPasswordNumberOfGroups, &numberOfGroupsRef)){
+        numberOfGroupsRef = NULL;
+    }
+    else
+        CFNumberGetValue((CFNumberRef)numberOfGroupsRef, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &numberOfGroups);
+
+    while (true) {
+        allowedChars = CFDictionaryGetValue(properlyFormattedRequirements, kSecAllowedCharactersKey);
+        getPasswordRandomCharacters(&randomCharacters, properlyFormattedRequirements, &requiredCharactersSize, allowedChars);
+
+        if(numberOfGroupsRef && groupSizeRef){
+            finalPassword = CFStringCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorDefault, 0);
+
+            if(!CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(properlyFormattedRequirements, kSecPasswordSeparator, &separator))
+                separator = NULL;
+
+            if(separator == NULL)
+                separator = CFSTR("-");
+
+            CFIndex i = 0;
+            while( i != requiredCharactersSize){
+                if((i + (CFIndex)groupSize) < requiredCharactersSize){
+                    CFStringAppend(finalPassword, CFStringCreateWithSubstring(kCFAllocatorDefault, randomCharacters, CFRangeMake(i, (CFIndex)groupSize)));
+                    CFStringAppend(finalPassword, separator);
+                    i+=groupSize;
+                }
+                else if((i+(CFIndex)groupSize) == requiredCharactersSize){
+                    CFStringAppend(finalPassword, CFStringCreateWithSubstring(kCFAllocatorDefault, randomCharacters, CFRangeMake(i, (CFIndex)groupSize)));
+                    i+=groupSize;
+                }
+                else {
+                    CFStringAppend(finalPassword, CFStringCreateWithSubstring(kCFAllocatorDefault, randomCharacters, CFRangeMake(i, requiredCharactersSize - i)));
+                    i+=(requiredCharactersSize - i);
+                }
+            }
+            password = CFStringCreateCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, finalPassword);
+            CFReleaseNull(finalPassword);
+        }
+        //no fancy formatting
+        else {
+            password = CFStringCreateCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, randomCharacters);
+        }
+
+        CFReleaseNull(randomCharacters);
+        require_quiet(doesFinalPasswordPass(isSimple, password, properlyFormattedRequirements), no_pass);
+        CFReleaseNull(properlyFormattedRequirements);
+        return password;
+
+    no_pass:
+        CFReleaseNull(password);
+    }
+
+fail:
+    if (error && localError) {
+        *error = localError;
+        localError = NULL;
+    }
+
+    CFReleaseSafe(localError);
+    CFReleaseNull(properlyFormattedRequirements);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+const char *in_word_set (const char *str, unsigned int len){
+    static const char * wordlist[] =
+    {
+        "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "",
+        "", "", "0103", "", "", "", "", "0123", "", "", "", "", "0303", "", "", "",
+        "", "", "", "", "0110", "", "1103", "", "", "", "", "1123", "", "", "0000",
+        "", "1203", "", "0404", "", "", "", "", "1234", "1110", "2015", "2013", "",
+        "2014", "1010", "2005", "2003", "", "2004", "1210", "0505", "0111", "", "",
+        "", "2008", "0101", "", "2007", "", "", "", "", "2006", "2010", "1995", "1993",
+        "", "1994", "2000", "", "1111", "", "", "", "1998", "1101", "", "1997", "",
+        "0808", "1211", "", "1996", "0102", "", "1201", "", "", "1990", "", "", "",
+        "", "0202", "", "2011", "", "", "1112", "1958", "2001", "", "1957", "1102",
+        "", "3333", "", "1956", "1212", "1985", "1983", "", "1984", "1202", "", "0909",
+        "", "0606", "", "1988", "1991", "", "1987", "2012", "", "", "", "1986", "2002",
+        "", "", "", "0707", "1980", "", "2009", "", "", "2222", "1965", "1963", "",
+        "1964", "", "", "2229", "", "", "1992", "1968", "", "", "1967", "", "", "1999",
+        "", "1966", "", "1975", "1973", "", "1974", "1960", "", "1981", "", "4444",
+        "", "1978", "", "7465", "1977", "", "", "", "", "1976", "2580", "", "1959",
+        "", "", "1970", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "1982", "", "1961", "",
+        "", "5252", "", "1989", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "",
+        "", "1971", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "1962", "", "5683", "", "6666", "",
+        "", "1969", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "1972", "", "",
+        "", "", "", "", "1979", "", "", "", "7667"
+    };
+
+    if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
+    {
+        register int key = pinhash (str, len);
+
+        if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE && key >= 0)
+        {
+            register const char *s = wordlist[key];
+            if (*str == *s && !strcmp (str + 1, s + 1))
+                return s;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+CFDictionaryRef SecPasswordCopyDefaultPasswordLength(SecPasswordType type, CFErrorRef *error){
+
+    CFIndex tupleLengthInt = 0, numOfTuplesInt = 0;
+    CFNumberRef tupleLength = NULL;
+    CFNumberRef numOfTuples = NULL;
+
+    CFMutableDictionaryRef passwordLengthDefaults = NULL;
+    CFDictionaryRef result = NULL;
+
+    switch(type){
+        case(kSecPasswordTypeiCloudRecovery):
+            tupleLengthInt = 4;
+            numOfTuplesInt = 6;
+            break;
+
+        case(kSecPasswordTypePIN):
+            tupleLengthInt = 4;
+            numOfTuplesInt = 1;
+            break;
+
+        case(kSecPasswordTypeSafari):
+            tupleLengthInt = 4;
+            numOfTuplesInt = 5;
+            break;
+
+        case(kSecPasswordTypeWifi):
+            tupleLengthInt = 4;
+            numOfTuplesInt = 3;
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            if(SecError(errSecBadReq, error, CFSTR("Password type does not exist.")) == false)
+            {
+                secdebug("secpasswordcopydefaultpasswordlength", "could not create error!");
+            }
+    }
+
+    if (tupleLengthInt != 0 && numOfTuplesInt != 0) {
+        tupleLength = CFNumberCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &tupleLengthInt);
+        numOfTuples = CFNumberCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &numOfTuplesInt);
+        passwordLengthDefaults = CFDictionaryCreateMutableForCFTypes(kCFAllocatorDefault);
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(passwordLengthDefaults, kSecPasswordGroupSize, tupleLength);
+        CFDictionaryAddValue(passwordLengthDefaults, kSecPasswordNumberOfGroups, numOfTuples);
+        result = CFDictionaryCreateCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, passwordLengthDefaults);
+}
+
+    CFReleaseSafe(tupleLength);
+    CFReleaseSafe(numOfTuples);
+    CFReleaseSafe(passwordLengthDefaults);
+    return result;
+}