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1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 2006 Apple Computer, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
3 *
4 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
5 *
6 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
7 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
8 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
9 * compliance with the License. Please obtain a copy of the License at
10 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this
11 * file.
12 *
13 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
14 * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
15 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
16 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
17 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
18 * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
19 * limitations under the License.
20 *
21 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
22 */
23
24//
25// machorep - DiskRep mix-in for handling Mach-O main executables
26//
27#include "machorep.h"
28#include "StaticCode.h"
29#include "reqmaker.h"
30
31
32namespace Security {
33namespace CodeSigning {
34
35using namespace UnixPlusPlus;
36
37
38//
39// Object management.
40// We open the main executable lazily, so nothing much happens on construction.
41// If the context specifies a file offset, we directly pick that Mach-O binary (only).
42// if it specifies an architecture, we try to pick that. Otherwise, we deliver the whole
43// Universal object (which will usually deliver the "native" architecture later).
44//
45MachORep::MachORep(const char *path, const Context *ctx)
46 : SingleDiskRep(path), mSigningData(NULL)
47{
48 if (ctx)
49 if (ctx->offset)
80e23899 50 mExecutable = new Universal(fd(), (size_t)ctx->offset, ctx->size);
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51 else if (ctx->arch) {
52 auto_ptr<Universal> full(new Universal(fd()));
80e23899 53 mExecutable = new Universal(fd(), full->archOffset(ctx->arch), full->archLength(ctx->arch));
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54 } else
55 mExecutable = new Universal(fd());
56 else
57 mExecutable = new Universal(fd());
80e23899 58
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59 assert(mExecutable);
60 CODESIGN_DISKREP_CREATE_MACHO(this, (char*)path, (void*)ctx);
61}
62
63MachORep::~MachORep()
64{
65 delete mExecutable;
66 ::free(mSigningData);
67}
68
69
70//
71// Sniffer function for "plausible Mach-O binary"
72//
73bool MachORep::candidate(FileDesc &fd)
74{
75 switch (Universal::typeOf(fd)) {
76 case MH_EXECUTE:
77 case MH_DYLIB:
78 case MH_DYLINKER:
79 case MH_BUNDLE:
c2a06e24 80 case MH_KEXT_BUNDLE:
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81 case MH_PRELOAD:
82 return true; // dynamic image; supported
83 case MH_OBJECT:
84 return false; // maybe later...
85 default:
86 return false; // not Mach-O (or too exotic)
87 }
88}
89
90
91
92//
93// Nowadays, the main executable object is created upon construction.
94//
95Universal *MachORep::mainExecutableImage()
96{
97 return mExecutable;
98}
99
100
101//
102// Signing base is the start of the Mach-O architecture we're using
103//
104size_t MachORep::signingBase()
105{
106 return mainExecutableImage()->archOffset();
107}
108
109
110//
111// We choose the binary identifier for a Mach-O binary as follows:
112// - If the Mach-O headers have a UUID command, use the UUID.
113// - Otherwise, use the SHA-1 hash of the (entire) load commands.
114//
115CFDataRef MachORep::identification()
116{
117 std::auto_ptr<MachO> macho(mainExecutableImage()->architecture());
118 return identificationFor(macho.get());
119}
120
121CFDataRef MachORep::identificationFor(MachO *macho)
122{
123 // if there is a LC_UUID load command, use the UUID contained therein
124 if (const load_command *cmd = macho->findCommand(LC_UUID)) {
125 const uuid_command *uuidc = reinterpret_cast<const uuid_command *>(cmd);
126 char result[4 + sizeof(uuidc->uuid)];
127 memcpy(result, "UUID", 4);
128 memcpy(result+4, uuidc->uuid, sizeof(uuidc->uuid));
129 return makeCFData(result, sizeof(result));
130 }
131
132 // otherwise, use the SHA-1 hash of the entire load command area
133 SHA1 hash;
134 hash(&macho->header(), sizeof(mach_header));
135 hash(macho->loadCommands(), macho->commandLength());
136 SHA1::Digest digest;
137 hash.finish(digest);
138 return makeCFData(digest, sizeof(digest));
139}
140
141
142//
143// Retrieve a component from the executable.
144// This reads the entire signing SuperBlob when first called for an executable,
145// and then caches it for further use.
146// Note that we could read individual components directly off disk and only cache
147// the SuperBlob Index directory. Our caller (usually SecStaticCode) is expected
148// to cache the pieces anyway.
149//
150CFDataRef MachORep::component(CodeDirectory::SpecialSlot slot)
151{
152 switch (slot) {
153 case cdInfoSlot:
154 return infoPlist();
155 default:
156 return embeddedComponent(slot);
157 }
158}
159
160
161// Retrieve a component from the embedded signature SuperBlob (if present).
162// This reads the entire signing SuperBlob when first called for an executable,
163// and then caches it for further use.
164// Note that we could read individual components directly off disk and only cache
165// the SuperBlob Index directory. Our caller (usually SecStaticCode) is expected
166// to cache the pieces anyway. But it's not clear that the resulting multiple I/O
167// calls wouldn't be slower in the end.
168//
169CFDataRef MachORep::embeddedComponent(CodeDirectory::SpecialSlot slot)
170{
171 if (!mSigningData) { // fetch and cache
172 auto_ptr<MachO> macho(mainExecutableImage()->architecture());
173 if (macho.get())
174 if (const linkedit_data_command *cs = macho->findCodeSignature()) {
175 size_t offset = macho->flip(cs->dataoff);
176 size_t length = macho->flip(cs->datasize);
177 if ((mSigningData = EmbeddedSignatureBlob::readBlob(macho->fd(), macho->offset() + offset, length))) {
178 secdebug("machorep", "%zd signing bytes in %d blob(s) from %s(%s)",
179 mSigningData->length(), mSigningData->count(),
180 mainExecutablePath().c_str(), macho->architecture().name());
181 } else {
182 secdebug("machorep", "failed to read signing bytes from %s(%s)",
183 mainExecutablePath().c_str(), macho->architecture().name());
184 MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSSignatureInvalid);
185 }
186 }
187 }
188 if (mSigningData)
189 return mSigningData->component(slot);
190
191 // not found
192 return NULL;
193}
194
195
196//
197// Extract an embedded Info.plist from the file.
198// Returns NULL if none is found.
199//
200CFDataRef MachORep::infoPlist()
201{
202 CFRef<CFDataRef> info;
203 try {
204 auto_ptr<MachO> macho(mainExecutableImage()->architecture());
205 if (const section *sect = macho->findSection("__TEXT", "__info_plist")) {
206 if (macho->is64()) {
207 const section_64 *sect64 = reinterpret_cast<const section_64 *>(sect);
427c49bc 208 info.take(macho->dataAt(macho->flip(sect64->offset), (size_t)macho->flip(sect64->size)));
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209 } else {
210 info.take(macho->dataAt(macho->flip(sect->offset), macho->flip(sect->size)));
211 }
212 }
213 } catch (...) {
214 secdebug("machorep", "exception reading embedded Info.plist");
215 }
216 return info.yield();
217}
218
219
220//
221// Provide a (vaguely) human readable characterization of this code
222//
223string MachORep::format()
224{
225 if (Universal *fat = mainExecutableImage()) {
226 Universal::Architectures archs;
227 fat->architectures(archs);
228 if (fat->isUniversal()) {
229 string s = "Mach-O universal (";
230 for (Universal::Architectures::const_iterator it = archs.begin();
231 it != archs.end(); ++it) {
232 if (it != archs.begin())
233 s += " ";
234 s += it->displayName();
235 }
236 return s + ")";
237 } else {
238 assert(archs.size() == 1);
239 return string("Mach-O thin (") + archs.begin()->displayName() + ")";
240 }
241 } else
242 return "Mach-O (unrecognized format)";
243}
244
245
246//
247// Flush cached data
248//
249void MachORep::flush()
250{
e3d3b979 251 size_t offset = mExecutable->offset();
80e23899 252 size_t length = mExecutable->length();
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253 delete mExecutable;
254 mExecutable = NULL;
255 ::free(mSigningData);
256 mSigningData = NULL;
257 SingleDiskRep::flush();
80e23899 258 mExecutable = new Universal(fd(), offset, length);
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259}
260
261
262//
263// Return a recommended unique identifier.
264// If our file has an embedded Info.plist, use the CFBundleIdentifier from that.
265// Otherwise, use the default.
266//
267string MachORep::recommendedIdentifier(const SigningContext &ctx)
268{
269 if (CFDataRef info = infoPlist()) {
270 if (CFRef<CFDictionaryRef> dict = makeCFDictionaryFrom(info)) {
271 CFStringRef code = CFStringRef(CFDictionaryGetValue(dict, kCFBundleIdentifierKey));
272 if (code && CFGetTypeID(code) != CFStringGetTypeID())
273 MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSBadDictionaryFormat);
274 if (code)
275 return cfString(code);
276 } else
277 MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSBadDictionaryFormat);
278 }
279
280 // ah well. Use the default
281 return SingleDiskRep::recommendedIdentifier(ctx);
282}
283
284
285//
286// The default suggested requirements for Mach-O binaries are as follows:
287// Library requirement: Composed from dynamic load commands.
288//
289const Requirements *MachORep::defaultRequirements(const Architecture *arch, const SigningContext &ctx)
290{
291 assert(arch); // enforced by signing infrastructure
292 Requirements::Maker maker;
293
294 // add library requirements from DYLIB commands (if any)
295 if (Requirement *libreq = libraryRequirements(arch, ctx))
296 maker.add(kSecLibraryRequirementType, libreq); // takes ownership
297
298 // that's all
299 return maker.make();
300}
301
302Requirement *MachORep::libraryRequirements(const Architecture *arch, const SigningContext &ctx)
303{
304 auto_ptr<MachO> macho(mainExecutableImage()->architecture(*arch));
305 Requirement::Maker maker;
306 Requirement::Maker::Chain chain(maker, opOr);
307
308 if (macho.get())
309 if (const linkedit_data_command *ldep = macho->findLibraryDependencies()) {
310 size_t offset = macho->flip(ldep->dataoff);
311 size_t length = macho->flip(ldep->datasize);
312 if (LibraryDependencyBlob *deplist = LibraryDependencyBlob::readBlob(macho->fd(), macho->offset() + offset, length)) {
313 try {
314 secdebug("machorep", "%zd library dependency bytes in %d blob(s) from %s(%s)",
315 deplist->length(), deplist->count(),
316 mainExecutablePath().c_str(), macho->architecture().name());
317 unsigned count = deplist->count();
318 // we could walk through DYLIB load commands in parallel. We just don't need anything from them so far
319 for (unsigned n = 0; n < count; n++) {
320 const Requirement *req = NULL;
321 if (const BlobCore *dep = deplist->blob(n)) {
322 if ((req = Requirement::specific(dep))) {
323 // binary code requirement; good to go
324 } else if (const BlobWrapper *wrap = BlobWrapper::specific(dep)) {
325 // blob-wrapped text form - convert to binary requirement
326 std::string reqString = std::string((const char *)wrap->data(), wrap->length());
327 CFRef<SecRequirementRef> areq;
328 MacOSError::check(SecRequirementCreateWithString(CFTempString(reqString), kSecCSDefaultFlags, &areq.aref()));
329 CFRef<CFDataRef> reqData;
330 MacOSError::check(SecRequirementCopyData(areq, kSecCSDefaultFlags, &reqData.aref()));
331 req = Requirement::specific((const BlobCore *)CFDataGetBytePtr(reqData));
332 } else {
333 secdebug("machorep", "unexpected blob type 0x%x in slot %d of binary dependencies", dep->magic(), n);
334 continue;
335 }
336 chain.add();
337 maker.copy(req);
338 } else
339 secdebug("machorep", "missing DR info for library index %d", n);
340 }
341 ::free(deplist);
342 } catch (...) {
343 ::free(deplist);
344 throw;
345 }
346 }
347 }
348 if (chain.empty())
349 return NULL;
350 else
351 return maker.make();
352}
353
354
355//
356// Default to system page size for segmented (paged) signatures
357//
358size_t MachORep::pageSize(const SigningContext &)
359{
360 return segmentedPageSize;
361}
362
363
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364//
365// Strict validation
366//
367void MachORep::strictValidate(const ToleratedErrors& tolerated)
368{
369 if (mExecutable->isSuspicious() && tolerated.find(errSecCSBadMainExecutable) == tolerated.end())
370 MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSBadMainExecutable);
371}
372
373
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374//
375// FileDiskRep::Writers
376//
377DiskRep::Writer *MachORep::writer()
378{
379 return new Writer(this);
380}
381
382
383//
384// Write a component.
385// MachORep::Writers don't write to components directly; the signing code uses special
386// knowledge of the Mach-O format to build embedded signatures and blasts them directly
387// to disk. Thus this implementation will never be called (and, if called, will simply fail).
388//
389void MachORep::Writer::component(CodeDirectory::SpecialSlot slot, CFDataRef data)
390{
391 assert(false);
392 MacOSError::throwMe(errSecCSInternalError);
393}
394
395
396} // end namespace CodeSigning
397} // end namespace Security