netstat.tproj/main.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1999 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
   3  *
   4  * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
   5  *
   6  * "Portions Copyright (c) 1999 Apple Computer, Inc.  All Rights
   7  * Reserved.  This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of
   8  * Original Code as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public
   9  * Source License Version 1.0 (the 'License').  You may not use this file
  10  * except in compliance with the License.  Please obtain a copy of the
  11  * License at http://www.apple.com/publicsource and read it before using
  12  * this file.
  13  *
  14  * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
  15  * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
  16  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
  17  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.  Please see the
  19  * License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
  20  * under the License."
  21  *
  22  * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
  23  */
  24 /*
  25  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993
  26  *      Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  27  *
  28  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  29  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  30  * are met:
  31  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  32  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  33  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  34  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  35  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  36  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  37  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  38  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  39  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  40  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  41  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  42  *    without specific prior written permission.
  43  *
  44  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  45  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  46  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  47  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  48  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  49  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  50  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  51  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  52  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  53  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  54  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  55  */
  56
  57 #ifndef lint
  58 char const copyright[] =
  59 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993\n\
  60         Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
  61 #endif /* not lint */
  62
  63 #ifndef lint
  64 #if 0
  65 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)main.c      8.4 (Berkeley) 3/1/94";
  66 #endif
  67 static const char rcsid[] =
  68         "$Id: main.c,v 1.8 2004/10/14 22:24:09 lindak Exp $";
  69 #endif /* not lint */
  70
  71 #include <sys/param.h>
  72 #include <sys/file.h>
  73 #include <sys/socket.h>
  74
  75 #include <netinet/in.h>
  76 #include <net/pfkeyv2.h>
  77
  78 #include <ctype.h>
  79 #include <err.h>
  80 #include <errno.h>
  81 #include <limits.h>
  82 #include <netdb.h>
  83 #include <nlist.h>
  84 #include <paths.h>
  85 #include <stdio.h>
  86 #include <stdlib.h>
  87 #include <string.h>
  88 #include <unistd.h>
  89 #include "netstat.h"
  90 #include <sys/types.h>
  91 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  92
  93 #ifdef __APPLE__
  94 #include <TargetConditionals.h>
  95 #endif
  96
  97 /*
  98  * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  99  * "THE BEER-WARE LICENSE" (Revision 42):
 100  * <phk@FreeBSD.org> wrote this file.  As long as you retain this notice you
 101  * can do whatever you want with this stuff. If we meet some day, and you think
 102  * this stuff is worth it, you can buy me a beer in return.   Poul-Henning Kamp
 103  * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 104  *
 105  * $Id: main.c,v 1.8 2004/10/14 22:24:09 lindak Exp $
 106  *
 107  */
 108
 109 static struct nlist nl[] = {
 110 #define N_IFNET         0
 111         { "_ifnet" },
 112 #define N_IMP           1
 113         { "_imp_softc" },
 114 #define N_RTSTAT        2
 115         { "_rtstat" },
 116 #define N_UNIXSW        3
 117         { "_localsw" },
 118 #define N_IDP           4
 119         { "_nspcb"},
 120 #define N_IDPSTAT       5
 121         { "_idpstat"},
 122 #define N_SPPSTAT       6
 123         { "_spp_istat"},
 124 #define N_NSERR         7
 125         { "_ns_errstat"},
 126 #define N_CLNPSTAT      8
 127         { "_clnp_stat"},
 128 #define IN_NOTUSED      9
 129         { "_tp_inpcb" },
 130 #define ISO_TP          10
 131         { "_tp_refinfo" },
 132 #define N_TPSTAT        11
 133         { "_tp_stat" },
 134 #define N_ESISSTAT      12
 135         { "_esis_stat"},
 136 #define N_NIMP          13
 137         { "_nimp"},
 138 #define N_RTREE         14
 139         { "_rt_tables"},
 140 #define N_CLTP          15
 141         { "_cltb"},
 142 #define N_CLTPSTAT      16
 143         { "_cltpstat"},
 144 #define N_NFILE         17
 145         { "_nfile" },
 146 #define N_FILE          18
 147         { "_file" },
 148 #define N_IPX           22
 149         { "_ipxpcb"},
 150 #define N_IPXSTAT       23
 151         { "_ipxstat"},
 152 #define N_SPXSTAT       24
 153         { "_spx_istat"},
 154 #define N_DDPSTAT       25
 155         { "_ddpstat"},
 156 #define N_DDPCB         26
 157         { "_ddpcb"},
 158 #define N_NGSOCKS       27
 159         { "_ngsocklist"},
 160 #define N_IP6STAT       28
 161         { "_ip6stat" },
 162 #define N_ICMP6STAT     29
 163         { "_icmp6stat" },
 164 #define N_IPSECSTAT     30
 165         { "_ipsecstat" },
 166 #define N_IPSEC6STAT    31
 167         { "_ipsec6stat" },
 168 #define N_PIM6STAT      32
 169         { "_pim6stat" },
 170 #define N_MRT6PROTO     33
 171         { "_ip6_mrtproto" },
 172 #define N_MRT6STAT      34
 173         { "_mrt6stat" },
 174 #define N_MF6CTABLE     35
 175         { "_mf6ctable" },
 176 #define N_MIF6TABLE     36
 177         { "_mif6table" },
 178 #define N_PFKEYSTAT     37
 179         { "_pfkeystat" },
 180 #define N_MBSTAT        38
 181         { "_mbstat" },
 182 #define N_MBTYPES       39
 183         { "_mbtypes" },
 184 #define N_NMBCLUSTERS   40
 185         { "_nmbclusters" },
 186 #define N_NMBUFS        41
 187         { "_nmbufs" },
 188 #define N_RTTRASH       42
 189         { "_rttrash" },
 190         { "" },
 191 };
 192
 193
 194 struct protox {
 195         u_char  pr_index;               /* index into nlist of cb head */
 196         u_char  pr_sindex;              /* index into nlist of stat block */
 197         u_char  pr_wanted;              /* 1 if wanted, 0 otherwise */
 198         void    (*pr_cblocks)(u_long, char *, int);
 199                                         /* control blocks printing routine */
 200         void    (*pr_stats)(u_long, char *, int);
 201                                         /* statistics printing routine */
 202         void    (*pr_istats)(char *);   /* per/if statistics printing routine */
 203         char    *pr_name;               /* well-known name */
 204         int     pr_usesysctl;           /* true if we use sysctl, not kvm */
 205 } protox[] = {
 206         { -1,           -1,             1,      protopr,
 207           tcp_stats,    NULL,           "tcp",  IPPROTO_TCP },
 208         { -1,           -1,             1,      protopr,
 209           udp_stats,    NULL,           "udp",  IPPROTO_UDP },
 210         { -1,           -1,             1,      protopr,
 211           NULL,         NULL,           "divert",IPPROTO_DIVERT },
 212         { -1,           -1,             1,      protopr,
 213           ip_stats,     NULL,           "ip",   IPPROTO_RAW },
 214         { -1,           -1,             1,      protopr,
 215           icmp_stats,   NULL,           "icmp", IPPROTO_ICMP },
 216         { -1,           -1,             1,      protopr,
 217           igmp_stats,   NULL,           "igmp", IPPROTO_IGMP },
 218 #ifdef IPSEC
 219         { -1,           -1,     1,      0,
 220           ipsec_stats,  NULL,           "ipsec",        IPPROTO_ESP},
 221 #endif
 222 #if 0
 223         { -1,           -1,             1,      0,
 224           bdg_stats,    NULL,           "bdg",  1 /* bridging... */ },
 225 #endif
 226         { -1,           -1,             0,      0,
 227           0,            NULL,           0 }
 228 };
 229
 230 #ifdef INET6
 231 struct protox ip6protox[] = {
 232         { -1,           -1,             1,      protopr,
 233           tcp_stats,    NULL,           "tcp",  IPPROTO_TCP },
 234         { -1,           -1,             1,      protopr,
 235           udp_stats,    NULL,           "udp",  IPPROTO_UDP },
 236         { -1,           N_IP6STAT,      1,      protopr,
 237           ip6_stats,    ip6_ifstats,    "ip6",  IPPROTO_RAW },
 238         { -1,           N_ICMP6STAT,    1,      protopr,
 239           icmp6_stats,  icmp6_ifstats,  "icmp6",IPPROTO_ICMPV6 },
 240 #ifdef IPSEC
 241         { -1,           N_IPSEC6STAT,   1,      0,
 242           ipsec_stats,  NULL,           "ipsec6",IPPROTO_ESP },
 243 #endif
 244 #ifdef notyet
 245         { -1,           N_PIM6STAT,     1,      0,
 246           pim6_stats,   NULL,           "pim6", 0 },
 247 #endif
 248         { -1,           -1,             1,      0,
 249           rip6_stats,   NULL,           "rip6", IPPROTO_RAW },
 250 #if 0
 251         { -1,           -1,             1,      0,
 252           bdg_stats,    NULL,           "bdg",  1 /* bridging... */ },
 253 #endif
 254         { -1,           -1,             0,      0,
 255           0,            NULL,           0,      0 }
 256 };
 257 #endif /*INET6*/
 258
 259 #ifdef IPSEC
 260 struct protox pfkeyprotox[] = {
 261         { -1,           N_PFKEYSTAT,    1,      0,
 262           pfkey_stats,  NULL,           "pfkey", PF_KEY_V2 },
 263         { -1,           -1,             0,      0,
 264           0,            NULL,           0,      0 }
 265 };
 266 #endif
 267 #ifndef __APPLE__
 268 struct protox atalkprotox[] = {
 269         { N_DDPCB,      N_DDPSTAT,      1,      atalkprotopr,
 270           ddp_stats,    NULL,           "ddp" },
 271         { -1,           -1,             0,      0,
 272           0,            NULL,           0 }
 273 };
 274
 275 struct protox netgraphprotox[] = {
 276         { N_NGSOCKS,    -1,             1,      netgraphprotopr,
 277           NULL,         NULL,           "ctrl" },
 278         { N_NGSOCKS,    -1,             1,      netgraphprotopr,
 279           NULL,         NULL,           "data" },
 280         { -1,           NULL,           0,      0,
 281           0,            NULL,           0 }
 282 };
 283
 284 struct protox ipxprotox[] = {
 285         { N_IPX,        N_IPXSTAT,      1,      ipxprotopr,
 286           ipx_stats,    NULL,           "ipx",  0 },
 287         { N_IPX,        N_SPXSTAT,      1,      ipxprotopr,
 288           spx_stats,    NULL,           "spx",  0 },
 289         { -1,           -1,             0,      0,
 290           0,            NULL,           0,      0 }
 291 };
 292 #endif
 293 #ifdef NS
 294 struct protox nsprotox[] = {
 295         { N_IDP,        N_IDPSTAT,      1,      nsprotopr,
 296           idp_stats,    NULL,           "idp" },
 297         { N_IDP,        N_SPPSTAT,      1,      nsprotopr,
 298           spp_stats,    NULL,           "spp" },
 299         { -1,           N_NSERR,        1,      0,
 300           nserr_stats,  NULL,           "ns_err" },
 301         { -1,           -1,             0,      0,
 302           0,            NULL,           0 }
 303 };
 304 #endif
 305
 306 #ifdef ISO
 307 struct protox isoprotox[] = {
 308         { ISO_TP,       N_TPSTAT,       1,      iso_protopr,
 309           tp_stats,     NULL,           "tp" },
 310         { N_CLTP,       N_CLTPSTAT,     1,      iso_protopr,
 311           cltp_stats,   NULL,           "cltp" },
 312         { -1,           N_CLNPSTAT,     1,       0,
 313           clnp_stats,   NULL,           "clnp"},
 314         { -1,           N_ESISSTAT,     1,       0,
 315           esis_stats,   NULL,           "esis"},
 316         { -1,           -1,             0,      0,
 317           0,            NULL,           0 }
 318 };
 319 #endif
 320
 321 struct protox *protoprotox[] = {
 322                                          protox,
 323 #ifdef INET6
 324                                          ip6protox,
 325 #endif
 326 #ifdef IPSEC
 327                                          pfkeyprotox,
 328 #endif
 329 #ifndef __APPLE__
 330                                          ipxprotox, atalkprotox,
 331 #endif
 332 #ifdef NS
 333                                          nsprotox,
 334 #endif
 335 #ifdef ISO
 336                                          isoprotox,
 337 #endif
 338                                          NULL };
 339
 340 static void printproto (struct protox *, char *);
 341 static void usage (void);
 342 static struct protox *name2protox (char *);
 343 static struct protox *knownname (char *);
 344 #ifdef SRVCACHE
 345 extern void _serv_cache_close();
 346 #endif
 347
 348 int     Aflag;          /* show addresses of protocol control block */
 349 int     aflag;          /* show all sockets (including servers) */
 350 int     bflag;          /* show i/f total bytes in/out */
 351 int     dflag;          /* show i/f dropped packets */
 352 #if defined(__APPLE__) && !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
 353 int     gflag;          /* show group (multicast) routing or stats */
 354 #endif
 355 int     iflag;          /* show interfaces */
 356 int     lflag;          /* show routing table with use and ref */
 357 int     Lflag;          /* show size of listen queues */
 358 int     mflag;          /* show memory stats */
 359 int     nflag;          /* show addresses numerically */
 360 static int pflag;       /* show given protocol */
 361 int     rflag;          /* show routing tables (or routing stats) */
 362 int     sflag;          /* show protocol statistics */
 363 int     tflag;          /* show i/f watchdog timers */
 364 int     Wflag;          /* wide display */
 365
 366 int     interval;       /* repeat interval for i/f stats */
 367
 368 char    *interface;     /* desired i/f for stats, or NULL for all i/fs */
 369 int     unit;           /* unit number for above */
 370
 371 int     af;             /* address family */
 372
 373 int
 374 main(argc, argv)
 375         int argc;
 376         char *argv[];
 377 {
 378         register struct protox *tp = NULL;  /* for printing cblocks & stats */
 379         int ch;
 380
 381         af = AF_UNSPEC;
 382
 383         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Aabdf:gI:iLlmnp:rRstuWw:")) != -1)
 384                 switch(ch) {
 385                 case 'A':
 386                         Aflag = 1;
 387                         break;
 388                 case 'a':
 389                         aflag = 1;
 390                         break;
 391                 case 'b':
 392                         bflag = 1;
 393                         break;
 394                 case 'd':
 395                         dflag = 1;
 396                         break;
 397                 case 'f':
 398 #ifdef NS
 399                         if (strcmp(optarg, "ns") == 0)
 400                                 af = AF_NS;
 401                         else
 402 #endif
 403                         if (strcmp(optarg, "ipx") == 0)
 404                                 af = AF_IPX;
 405                         else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet") == 0)
 406                                 af = AF_INET;
 407 #ifdef INET6
 408                         else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet6") == 0)
 409                                 af = AF_INET6;
 410 #endif /*INET6*/
 411 #ifdef INET6
 412                         else if (strcmp(optarg, "pfkey") == 0)
 413                                 af = PF_KEY;
 414 #endif /*INET6*/
 415                         else if (strcmp(optarg, "unix") == 0)
 416                                 af = AF_UNIX;
 417 #ifndef __APPLE__
 418                         else if (strcmp(optarg, "atalk") == 0)
 419                                 af = AF_APPLETALK;
 420                         else if (strcmp(optarg, "ng") == 0
 421                             || strcmp(optarg, "netgraph") == 0)
 422                                 af = AF_NETGRAPH;
 423 #endif
 424 #ifdef ISO
 425                         else if (strcmp(optarg, "iso") == 0)
 426                                 af = AF_ISO;
 427 #endif
 428                         else {
 429                                 errx(1, "%s: unknown address family", optarg);
 430                         }
 431                         break;
 432 #if defined(__APPLE__) && !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
 433                 case 'g':
 434                         gflag = 1;
 435                         break;
 436 #endif
 437                 case 'I': {
 438                         char *cp;
 439
 440                         iflag = 1;
 441                         for (cp = interface = optarg; isalpha(*cp); cp++)
 442                                 continue;
 443                         unit = atoi(cp);
 444                         break;
 445                 }
 446                 case 'i':
 447                         iflag = 1;
 448                         break;
 449                 case 'l':
 450                         lflag = 1;
 451                         break;
 452                 case 'L':
 453                         Lflag = 1;
 454                         break;
 455                 case 'm':
 456                         mflag++;
 457                         break;
 458                 case 'n':
 459                         nflag = 1;
 460                         break;
 461                 case 'p':
 462                         if ((tp = name2protox(optarg)) == NULL) {
 463                                 errx(1,
 464                                      "%s: unknown or uninstrumented protocol",
 465                                      optarg);
 466                         }
 467                         pflag = 1;
 468                         break;
 469                 case 'r':
 470                         rflag = 1;
 471                         break;
 472                 case 's':
 473                         ++sflag;
 474                         break;
 475                 case 't':
 476                         tflag = 1;
 477                         break;
 478                 case 'u':
 479                         af = AF_UNIX;
 480                         break;
 481                 case 'W':
 482                         Wflag = 1;
 483                         break;
 484                 case 'w':
 485                         interval = atoi(optarg);
 486                         iflag = 1;
 487                         break;
 488                 case '?':
 489                 default:
 490                         usage();
 491                 }
 492         argv += optind;
 493         argc -= optind;
 494
 495 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 496 #ifdef  BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 497         if (*argv) {
 498                 if (isdigit(**argv)) {
 499                         interval = atoi(*argv);
 500                         if (interval <= 0)
 501                                 usage();
 502                         ++argv;
 503                         iflag = 1;
 504                 }
 505         }
 506 #endif
 507
 508         if (mflag) {
 509                 mbpr();
 510                 exit(0);
 511         }
 512 #if 0
 513         /*
 514          * Keep file descriptors open to avoid overhead
 515          * of open/close on each call to get* routines.
 516          */
 517         sethostent(1);
 518         setnetent(1);
 519 #else
 520         /*
 521          * This does not make sense any more with DNS being default over
 522          * the files.  Doing a setXXXXent(1) causes a tcp connection to be
 523          * used for the queries, which is slower.
 524          */
 525 #endif
 526         if (iflag && !sflag) {
 527                 intpr(NULL);
 528                 exit(0);
 529         }
 530         if (rflag) {
 531                 if (sflag)
 532                         rt_stats();
 533                 else
 534                         routepr(nl[N_RTREE].n_value);
 535                 exit(0);
 536         }
 537 #if defined(__APPLE__) && !TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
 538         if (gflag) {
 539                 if (sflag) {
 540                         if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
 541                                 mrt_stats();
 542 #ifdef INET6
 543                         if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
 544                                 mrt6_stats();
 545 #endif
 546                 } else {
 547                         if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
 548                                 mroutepr();
 549 #ifdef INET6
 550                         if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
 551                                 mroute6pr();
 552 #endif
 553                 }
 554                 ifmalist_dump();
 555                 exit(0);
 556         }
 557 #endif
 558
 559         if (tp) {
 560                 printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
 561                 exit(0);
 562         }
 563         if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
 564                 for (tp = protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
 565                         printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
 566 #ifdef INET6
 567         if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
 568                 for (tp = ip6protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
 569                         printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
 570 #endif /*INET6*/
 571 #ifdef IPSEC
 572         if (af == PF_KEY || af == AF_UNSPEC)
 573                 for (tp = pfkeyprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
 574                         printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
 575 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 576 #ifndef __APPLE__
 577         if (af == AF_IPX || af == AF_UNSPEC) {
 578                 for (tp = ipxprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
 579                         printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
 580         }
 581         if (af == AF_APPLETALK || af == AF_UNSPEC)
 582                 for (tp = atalkprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
 583                         printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
 584         if (af == AF_NETGRAPH || af == AF_UNSPEC)
 585                 for (tp = netgraphprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
 586                         printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
 587 #endif
 588 #ifdef NS
 589         if (af == AF_NS || af == AF_UNSPEC)
 590                 for (tp = nsprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
 591                         printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
 592 #endif
 593 #ifdef ISO
 594         if (af == AF_ISO || af == AF_UNSPEC)
 595                 for (tp = isoprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
 596                         printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
 597 #endif
 598         if ((af == AF_UNIX || af == AF_UNSPEC) && !Lflag && !sflag)
 599                 unixpr();
 600 #ifdef SRVCACHE
 601         _serv_cache_close();
 602 #endif
 603         exit(0);
 604 }
 605
 606 /*
 607  * Print out protocol statistics or control blocks (per sflag).
 608  * If the interface was not specifically requested, and the symbol
 609  * is not in the namelist, ignore this one.
 610  */
 611 static void
 612 printproto(tp, name)
 613         register struct protox *tp;
 614         char *name;
 615 {
 616         void (*pr)(u_long, char *, int);
 617         u_long off;
 618
 619         if (sflag) {
 620                 if (iflag && !pflag) {
 621                         if (tp->pr_istats)
 622                                 intpr(tp->pr_istats);
 623                         else
 624                                 printf("%s: no per-interface stats routine\n",
 625                                     tp->pr_name);
 626                         return;
 627                 }
 628                 else {
 629                         pr = tp->pr_stats;
 630                         if (!pr) {
 631                                 if (pflag)
 632                                         printf("%s: no stats routine\n",
 633                                             tp->pr_name);
 634                                 return;
 635                         }
 636                         off = tp->pr_usesysctl ? tp->pr_usesysctl
 637                                 : nl[tp->pr_sindex].n_value;
 638                 }
 639         } else {
 640                 pr = tp->pr_cblocks;
 641                 if (!pr) {
 642                         if (pflag)
 643                                 printf("%s: no PCB routine\n", tp->pr_name);
 644                         return;
 645                 }
 646                 off = tp->pr_usesysctl ? tp->pr_usesysctl
 647                         : nl[tp->pr_index].n_value;
 648         }
 649         if (pr != NULL && (off || af != AF_UNSPEC)) {
 650                 if (sflag && iflag && pflag)
 651                         intervalpr(pr, off, name, af);
 652                 else
 653                         (*pr)(off, name, af);
 654         } else {
 655                 printf("### no stats for %s\n", name);
 656         }
 657 }
 658
 659 char *
 660 plural(int n)
 661 {
 662         return (n != 1 ? "s" : "");
 663 }
 664
 665 char *
 666 plurales(int n)
 667 {
 668         return (n != 1 ? "es" : "");
 669 }
 670
 671 /*
 672  * Find the protox for the given "well-known" name.
 673  */
 674 static struct protox *
 675 knownname(char *name)
 676 {
 677         struct protox **tpp, *tp;
 678
 679         for (tpp = protoprotox; *tpp; tpp++)
 680                 for (tp = *tpp; tp->pr_name; tp++)
 681                         if (strcmp(tp->pr_name, name) == 0)
 682                                 return (tp);
 683         return (NULL);
 684 }
 685
 686 /*
 687  * Find the protox corresponding to name.
 688  */
 689 static struct protox *
 690 name2protox(char *name)
 691 {
 692         struct protox *tp;
 693         char **alias;                   /* alias from p->aliases */
 694         struct protoent *p;
 695
 696         /*
 697          * Try to find the name in the list of "well-known" names. If that
 698          * fails, check if name is an alias for an Internet protocol.
 699          */
 700         if ((tp = knownname(name)) != NULL)
 701                 return (tp);
 702
 703         setprotoent(1);                 /* make protocol lookup cheaper */
 704         while ((p = getprotoent()) != NULL) {
 705                 /* assert: name not same as p->name */
 706                 for (alias = p->p_aliases; *alias; alias++)
 707                         if (strcmp(name, *alias) == 0) {
 708                                 endprotoent();
 709                                 return (knownname(p->p_name));
 710                         }
 711         }
 712         endprotoent();
 713         return (NULL);
 714 }
 715
 716 #define NETSTAT_USAGE "\
 717 Usage:  netstat [-AaLlnW] [-f address_family | -p protocol]\n\
 718         netstat [-gilns] [-f address_family]\n\
 719         netstat -i | -I interface [-w wait] [-abdgt]\n\
 720         netstat -s [-s] [-f address_family | -p protocol] [-w wait]\n\
 721         netstat -i | -I interface -s [-f address_family | -p protocol]\n\
 722         netstat -m [-m]\n\
 723         netstat -r [-Aaln] [-f address_family]\n\
 724         netstat -rs [-s]\n\
 725 "
 726
 727 static void
 728 usage(void)
 729 {
 730         (void) fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", NETSTAT_USAGE);
 731         exit(1);
 732 }
 733