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	1	.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
	2	.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
	3	.\"
	4	.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
	5	.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
	6	.\" are met:
	7	.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
	8	.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
	9	.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
	10	.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
	11	.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
	12	.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
	13	.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
	14	.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
	15	.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
	16	.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
	17	.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
	18	.\" without specific prior written permission.
	19	.\"
	20	.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
	21	.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
	22	.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
	23	.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
	24	.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
	25	.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
	26	.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
	27	.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
	28	.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
	29	.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
	30	.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
	31	.\"
	32	.\" @(#)getprotoent.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
	33	.\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/net/getprotoent.3,v 1.4.2.3 2001/08/17 15:42:38 ru Exp $
	34	.\"
	35	.Dd June 4, 1993
	36	.Dt GETPROTOENT 3
	37	.Os
	38	.Sh NAME
	39	.Nm getprotoent ,
	40	.Nm getprotobynumber ,
	41	.Nm getprotobyname ,
	42	.Nm setprotoent ,
	43	.Nm endprotoent
	44	.Nd get protocol entry
	45	.Sh LIBRARY
	46	.Lb libc
	47	.Sh SYNOPSIS
	48	.Fd #include <netdb.h>
	49	.Ft struct protoent *
	50	.Fn getprotoent void
	51	.Ft struct protoent *
	52	.Fn getprotobyname "const char *name"
	53	.Ft struct protoent *
	54	.Fn getprotobynumber "int proto"
	55	.Ft void
	56	.Fn setprotoent "int stayopen"
	57	.Ft void
	58	.Fn endprotoent void
	59	.Sh DESCRIPTION
	60	The
	61	.Fn getprotoent ,
	62	.Fn getprotobyname ,
	63	and
	64	.Fn getprotobynumber
	65	functions
	66	each return a pointer to an object with the
	67	following structure
	68	containing the broken-out
	69	fields of a line in the network protocol data base,
	70	.Pa /etc/protocols .
	71	.Bd -literal -offset indent
	72	.Pp
	73	struct protoent {
	74	char p_name; / official name of protocol */
	75	char *p_aliases; / alias list */
	76	int p_proto; /* protocol number */
	77	};
	78	.Ed
	79	.Pp
	80	The members of this structure are:
	81	.Bl -tag -width p_aliases
	82	.It Fa p_name
	83	The official name of the protocol.
	84	.It Fa p_aliases
	85	A zero terminated list of alternate names for the protocol.
	86	.It Fa p_proto
	87	The protocol number.
	88	.El
	89	.Pp
	90	The
	91	.Fn getprotoent
	92	function
	93	reads the next line of the file, opening the file if necessary.
	94	.Pp
	95	The
	96	.Fn setprotoent
	97	function
	98	opens and rewinds the file. If the
	99	.Fa stayopen
	100	flag is non-zero,
	101	the net data base will not be closed after each call to
	102	.Fn getprotobyname
	103	or
	104	.Fn getprotobynumber .
	105	.Pp
	106	The
	107	.Fn endprotoent
	108	function
	109	closes the file.
	110	.Pp
	111	The
	112	.Fn getprotobyname
	113	function
	114	and
	115	.Fn getprotobynumber
	116	sequentially search from the beginning
	117	of the file until a matching
	118	protocol name or
	119	protocol number is found,
	120	or until
	121	.Dv EOF
	122	is encountered.
	123	.Sh RETURN VALUES
	124	Null pointer
	125	(0) returned on
	126	.Dv EOF
	127	or error.
	128	.Sh FILES
	129	.Bl -tag -width /etc/protocols -compact
	130	.It Pa /etc/protocols
	131	.El
	132	.Sh SEE ALSO
	133	.Xr protocols 5
	134	.Sh HISTORY
	135	The
	136	.Fn getprotoent ,
	137	.Fn getprotobynumber ,
	138	.Fn getprotobyname ,
	139	.Fn setprotoent ,
	140	and
	141	.Fn endprotoent
	142	functions appeared in
	143	.Bx 4.2 .
	144	.Sh BUGS
	145	These functions use a static data space;
	146	if the data is needed for future use, it should be
	147	copied before any subsequent calls overwrite it.
	148	Only the Internet
	149	protocols are currently understood.