[apple/libc.git] / stdio / stdio.3

.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
.\"	This product includes software developed by the University of
.\"	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\"    without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\"     @(#)stdio.3	8.7 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
.\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/stdio/stdio.3,v 1.26 2004/07/02 23:52:12 ru Exp $
.\"
.Dd January 10, 2003
.Dt STDIO 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm stdio
.Nd standard input/output library functions
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In stdio.h
.Vt FILE *stdin ;
.Vt FILE *stdout ;
.Vt FILE *stderr ;
.Pp
Note:
The current implementation does not allow these variables
to be evaluated at C compile/link time.
That is, a runtime calculation must be performed, such as:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
#include <stdio.h>

static FILE *var;

int main() {
    var = stdout;
}
.Ed
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The standard
.Tn I/O
library provides a simple and efficient buffered stream
.Tn I/O
interface.
Input and output is mapped into logical data streams
and the physical
.Tn I/O
characteristics are concealed.
The functions and macros are listed
below; more information is available from the individual man pages.
.Pp
A stream is associated with an external file (which may be a physical
device) by
.Em opening
a file, which may involve creating a new file.
Creating an
existing file causes its former contents to be discarded.
If a file can support positioning requests (such as a disk file, as opposed
to a terminal) then a
.Em file position indicator
associated with the stream is positioned at the start of the file (byte
zero), unless the file is opened with append mode.
If append mode
is used, the position indicator will be placed at the end-of-file.
The position indicator is maintained by subsequent reads, writes
and positioning requests.
All input occurs as if the characters
were read by successive calls to the
.Xr fgetc 3
function; all output takes place as if all characters were
written by successive calls to the
.Xr fputc 3
function.
.Pp
A file is disassociated from a stream by
.Em closing
the file.
Output streams are flushed (any unwritten buffer contents are transferred
to the host environment) before the stream is disassociated from the file.
The value of a pointer to a
.Dv FILE
object is indeterminate (garbage) after a file is closed.
.Pp
A file may be subsequently reopened, by the same or another program
execution, and its contents reclaimed or modified (if it can be repositioned
at the start).
If the main function returns to its original caller, or
the
.Xr exit 3
function is called, all open files are closed (hence all output
streams are flushed) before program termination.
Other methods
of program termination may not close files properly and hence
buffered output may be lost.
In particular,
.Xr _exit 2
does not flush stdio files.
Neither does an exit due to a signal.
Buffers are flushed by
.Xr abort 3
as required by POSIX, although previous implementations did not.
.Pp
This implementation makes no distinction between
.Dq text
and
.Dq binary
streams.
In effect, all streams are binary.
No translation is performed and no extra padding appears on any stream.
.Pp
At program startup, three streams are predefined and need not be
opened explicitly:
.Bl -bullet -compact -offset indent
.It
.Em standard input
(for reading conventional input),
.It
.Em standard output
(for writing conventional output), and
.It
.Em standard error
(for writing diagnostic output).
.El
These streams are abbreviated
.Dv stdin , stdout
and
.Dv stderr .
Initially, the standard error stream
is unbuffered; the standard input and output streams are
fully buffered if and only if the streams do not refer to
an interactive or
.Dq terminal
device, as determined by the
.Xr isatty 3
function.
In fact,
.Em all
freshly-opened streams that refer to terminal devices
default to line buffering, and
pending output to such streams is written automatically
whenever such an input stream is read.
Note that this applies only to
.Dq "true reads" ;
if the read request can be satisfied by existing buffered data,
no automatic flush will occur.
In these cases,
or when a large amount of computation is done after printing
part of a line on an output terminal, it is necessary to
.Xr fflush 3
the standard output before going off and computing so that the output
will appear.
Alternatively, these defaults may be modified via the
.Xr setvbuf 3
function.
.Pp
The
.Nm
library is a part of the library
.Nm libc
and routines are automatically loaded as needed by the C compiler.
The
.Tn SYNOPSIS
sections of the following manual pages indicate which include files
are to be used, what the compiler declaration for the function
looks like and which external variables are of interest.
.Pp
The following are defined as macros;
these names may not be re-used
without first removing their current definitions with
.Ic #undef :
.Dv BUFSIZ ,
.Dv EOF ,
.Dv FILENAME_MAX ,
.Dv FOPEN_MAX ,
.Dv L_ctermid ,
.Dv L_cuserid ,
.Dv L_tmpnam ,
.Dv NULL ,
.Dv P_tmpdir ,
.Dv SEEK_CUR ,
.Dv SEEK_END ,
.Dv SEEK_SET ,
.Dv TMP_MAX ,
.Dv clearerr ,
.Dv clearerr_unlocked ,
.Dv feof ,
.Dv feof_unlocked ,
.Dv ferror ,
.Dv ferror_unlocked ,
.Dv fileno ,
.Dv fileno_unlocked ,
.Dv fropen ,
.Dv fwopen ,
.Dv getc ,
.Dv getc_unlocked ,
.Dv getchar ,
.Dv getchar_unlocked ,
.Dv putc ,
.Dv putc_unlocked ,
.Dv putchar ,
.Dv putchar_unlocked ,
.Dv stderr ,
.Dv stdin
and
.Dv stdout .
Function versions of the macro functions
.Dv clearerr ,
.Dv clearerr_unlocked ,
.Dv feof ,
.Dv feof_unlocked ,
.Dv ferror ,
.Dv ferror_unlocked ,
.Dv fileno ,
.Dv fileno_unlocked ,
.Dv getc ,
.Dv getc_unlocked ,
.Dv getchar ,
.Dv getchar_unlocked ,
.Dv putc ,
.Dv putc_unlocked ,
.Dv putchar ,
and
.Dv putchar_unlocked
exist and will be used if the macro
definitions are explicitly removed.
.Sh LEGACY SYNOPSIS
The -D_NONSTD_SOURCE flag can be used
to allow stdin, stdout, and/or stderr
to be evaluated at compile/link time, as:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
#include <stdio.h>

static FILE *var = stdout;
.Ed
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr close 2 ,
.Xr open 2 ,
.Xr read 2 ,
.Xr write 2 ,
.Xr compat 5
.Sh BUGS
The standard buffered functions do not interact well with certain other
library and system functions, especially
.Xr vfork 2 .
.Sh STANDARDS
The
.Nm
library conforms to
.St -isoC-99 .
.Sh LIST OF FUNCTIONS
.Bl -column "Description"
.It Sy "Function	Description"
.It "asprintf	formatted output conversion"
.It ""
.It "clearerr	check and reset stream status"
.It ""
.It "fclose	close a stream"
.It "fdopen	stream open functions"
.It "feof	check and reset stream status"
.It "ferror	check and reset stream status"
.It "fflush	flush a stream"
.It "fgetc	get next character or word from input stream"
.It "fgetln	get a line from a stream"
.It "fgetpos	reposition a stream"
.It "fgets	get a line from a stream"
.It "fgetwc	get next wide character from input stream"
.It "fgetws	get a line of wide characters from a stream"
.It "fileno	check and reset stream status"
.It "fopen	stream open functions"
.It "fprintf	formatted output conversion"
.It "fpurge	flush a stream"
.It "fputc	output a character or word to a stream"
.It "fputs	output a line to a stream"
.It "fputwc	output a wide character to a stream"
.It "fputws	output a line of wide characters to a stream"
.It "fread	binary stream input/output"
.It "freopen	stream open functions"
.It "fropen	open a stream"
.It "fscanf	input format conversion"
.It "fseek	reposition a stream"
.It "fsetpos	reposition a stream"
.It "ftell	reposition a stream"
.It "funopen	open a stream"
.It "fwide	set/get orientation of stream"
.It "fwopen	open a stream"
.It "fwprintf	formatted wide character output conversion"
.It "fwrite	binary stream input/output"
.It ""
.It "getc	get next character or word from input stream"
.It "getchar	get next character or word from input stream"
.It "gets	get a line from a stream"
.It "getw	get next character or word from input stream"
.It "getwc	get next wide character from input stream"
.It "getwchar	get next wide character from input stream"
.It ""
.It "mkdtemp	create unique temporary directory"
.It "mkstemp	create unique temporary file"
.It "mktemp	create unique temporary file"
.It ""
.It "perror	system error messages"
.It "printf	formatted output conversion"
.It "putc	output a character or word to a stream"
.It "putchar	output a character or word to a stream"
.It "puts	output a line to a stream"
.It "putw	output a character or word to a stream"
.It "putwc	output a wide character to a stream"
.It "putwchar	output a wide character to a stream"
.It ""
.It "remove	remove directory entry"
.It "rewind	reposition a stream"
.It ""
.It "scanf	input format conversion"
.It "setbuf	stream buffering operations"
.It "setbuffer	stream buffering operations"
.It "setlinebuf	stream buffering operations"
.It "setvbuf	stream buffering operations"
.It "snprintf	formatted output conversion"
.It "sprintf	formatted output conversion"
.It "sscanf	input format conversion"
.It "strerror	system error messages"
.It "swprintf	formatted wide character output conversion"
.It "sys_errlist	system error messages"
.It "sys_nerr	system error messages"
.It ""
.It "tempnam	temporary file routines"
.It "tmpfile	temporary file routines"
.It "tmpnam	temporary file routines"
.It ""
.It "ungetc	un-get character from input stream"
.It "ungetwc	un-get wide character from input stream"
.It ""
.It "vasprintf	formatted output conversion"
.It "vfprintf	formatted output conversion"
.It "vfscanf	input format conversion"
.It "vfwprintf	formatted wide character output conversion"
.It "vprintf	formatted output conversion"
.It "vscanf	input format conversion"
.It "vsnprintf	formatted output conversion"
.It "vsprintf	formatted output conversion"
.It "vsscanf	input format conversion"
.It "vswprintf	formatted wide character output conversion"
.It "vwprintf	formatted wide character output conversion"
.It ""
.It "wprintf	formatted wide character output conversion"
.El
Commit	Line	Data
224c7076 A	1	.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
	2	.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
	3	.\"
	4	.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
	5	.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
	6	.\" are met:
	7	.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
	8	.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
	9	.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
	10	.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
	11	.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
	12	.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
	13	.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
	14	.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
	15	.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
	16	.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
	17	.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
	18	.\" without specific prior written permission.
	19	.\"
	20	.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
	21	.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
	22	.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
	23	.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
	24	.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
	25	.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
	26	.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
	27	.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
	28	.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
	29	.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
	30	.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
	31	.\"
	32	.\" @(#)stdio.3 8.7 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
	33	.\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/stdio/stdio.3,v 1.26 2004/07/02 23:52:12 ru Exp $
	34	.\"
	35	.Dd January 10, 2003
	36	.Dt STDIO 3
	37	.Os
	38	.Sh NAME
	39	.Nm stdio
	40	.Nd standard input/output library functions
	41	.Sh LIBRARY
	42	.Lb libc
	43	.Sh SYNOPSIS
	44	.In stdio.h
	45	.Vt FILE *stdin ;
	46	.Vt FILE *stdout ;
	47	.Vt FILE *stderr ;
	48	.Pp
	49	Note:
	50	The current implementation does not allow these variables
	51	to be evaluated at C compile/link time.
	52	That is, a runtime calculation must be performed, such as:
	53	.Bd -literal -offset indent
	54	#include <stdio.h>
	55
	56	static FILE *var;
	57
	58	int main() {
	59	var = stdout;
	60	}
	61	.Ed
	62	.Sh DESCRIPTION
	63	The standard
	64	.Tn I/O
65	library provides a simple and efficient buffered stream
66	.Tn I/O
67	interface.
68	Input and output is mapped into logical data streams
69	and the physical
70	.Tn I/O
71	characteristics are concealed.
72	The functions and macros are listed
73	below; more information is available from the individual man pages.
74	.Pp
75	A stream is associated with an external file (which may be a physical
76	device) by
77	.Em opening
78	a file, which may involve creating a new file.
79	Creating an
80	existing file causes its former contents to be discarded.
81	If a file can support positioning requests (such as a disk file, as opposed
82	to a terminal) then a
83	.Em file position indicator
84	associated with the stream is positioned at the start of the file (byte
85	zero), unless the file is opened with append mode.
86	If append mode
87	is used, the position indicator will be placed at the end-of-file.
88	The position indicator is maintained by subsequent reads, writes
89	and positioning requests.
90	All input occurs as if the characters
91	were read by successive calls to the
92	.Xr fgetc 3
93	function; all output takes place as if all characters were
94	written by successive calls to the
95	.Xr fputc 3
96	function.
97	.Pp
98	A file is disassociated from a stream by
99	.Em closing
100	the file.
101	Output streams are flushed (any unwritten buffer contents are transferred
102	to the host environment) before the stream is disassociated from the file.
103	The value of a pointer to a
104	.Dv FILE
105	object is indeterminate (garbage) after a file is closed.
106	.Pp
107	A file may be subsequently reopened, by the same or another program
108	execution, and its contents reclaimed or modified (if it can be repositioned
109	at the start).
110	If the main function returns to its original caller, or
111	the
112	.Xr exit 3
113	function is called, all open files are closed (hence all output
114	streams are flushed) before program termination.
115	Other methods
116	of program termination may not close files properly and hence
117	buffered output may be lost.
118	In particular,
119	.Xr _exit 2
120	does not flush stdio files.
121	Neither does an exit due to a signal.
122	Buffers are flushed by
123	.Xr abort 3
124	as required by POSIX, although previous implementations did not.
125	.Pp
126	This implementation makes no distinction between
127	.Dq text
128	and
129	.Dq binary
130	streams.
131	In effect, all streams are binary.
132	No translation is performed and no extra padding appears on any stream.
133	.Pp
134	At program startup, three streams are predefined and need not be
135	opened explicitly:
136	.Bl -bullet -compact -offset indent
137	.It
138	.Em standard input
139	(for reading conventional input),
140	.It
141	.Em standard output
142	(for writing conventional output), and
143	.It
144	.Em standard error
145	(for writing diagnostic output).
146	.El
147	These streams are abbreviated
148	.Dv stdin , stdout
149	and
150	.Dv stderr .
151	Initially, the standard error stream
152	is unbuffered; the standard input and output streams are
153	fully buffered if and only if the streams do not refer to
154	an interactive or
155	.Dq terminal
156	device, as determined by the
157	.Xr isatty 3
158	function.
159	In fact,
160	.Em all
161	freshly-opened streams that refer to terminal devices
162	default to line buffering, and
163	pending output to such streams is written automatically
164	whenever such an input stream is read.
165	Note that this applies only to
166	.Dq "true reads" ;
167	if the read request can be satisfied by existing buffered data,
168	no automatic flush will occur.
169	In these cases,
170	or when a large amount of computation is done after printing
171	part of a line on an output terminal, it is necessary to
172	.Xr fflush 3
173	the standard output before going off and computing so that the output
174	will appear.
175	Alternatively, these defaults may be modified via the
176	.Xr setvbuf 3
177	function.
178	.Pp
179	The
180	.Nm
181	library is a part of the library
182	.Nm libc
183	and routines are automatically loaded as needed by the C compiler.
184	The
185	.Tn SYNOPSIS
186	sections of the following manual pages indicate which include files
187	are to be used, what the compiler declaration for the function
188	looks like and which external variables are of interest.
189	.Pp
190	The following are defined as macros;
191	these names may not be re-used
192	without first removing their current definitions with
193	.Ic #undef :
194	.Dv BUFSIZ ,
195	.Dv EOF ,
196	.Dv FILENAME_MAX ,
197	.Dv FOPEN_MAX ,
198	.Dv L_ctermid ,
199	.Dv L_cuserid ,
200	.Dv L_tmpnam ,
201	.Dv NULL ,
202	.Dv P_tmpdir ,
203	.Dv SEEK_CUR ,
204	.Dv SEEK_END ,
205	.Dv SEEK_SET ,
206	.Dv TMP_MAX ,
207	.Dv clearerr ,
208	.Dv clearerr_unlocked ,
209	.Dv feof ,
210	.Dv feof_unlocked ,
211	.Dv ferror ,
212	.Dv ferror_unlocked ,
213	.Dv fileno ,
214	.Dv fileno_unlocked ,
215	.Dv fropen ,
216	.Dv fwopen ,
217	.Dv getc ,
218	.Dv getc_unlocked ,
219	.Dv getchar ,
220	.Dv getchar_unlocked ,
221	.Dv putc ,
222	.Dv putc_unlocked ,
223	.Dv putchar ,
224	.Dv putchar_unlocked ,
225	.Dv stderr ,
226	.Dv stdin
227	and
228	.Dv stdout .
229	Function versions of the macro functions
230	.Dv clearerr ,
231	.Dv clearerr_unlocked ,
232	.Dv feof ,
233	.Dv feof_unlocked ,
234	.Dv ferror ,
235	.Dv ferror_unlocked ,
236	.Dv fileno ,
237	.Dv fileno_unlocked ,
238	.Dv getc ,
239	.Dv getc_unlocked ,
240	.Dv getchar ,
241	.Dv getchar_unlocked ,
242	.Dv putc ,
243	.Dv putc_unlocked ,
244	.Dv putchar ,
245	and
246	.Dv putchar_unlocked
247	exist and will be used if the macro
248	definitions are explicitly removed.
249	.Sh LEGACY SYNOPSIS
250	The -D_NONSTD_SOURCE flag can be used
251	to allow stdin, stdout, and/or stderr
252	to be evaluated at compile/link time, as:
253	.Bd -literal -offset indent
254	#include <stdio.h>
255
256	static FILE *var = stdout;
257	.Ed
258	.Sh SEE ALSO
259	.Xr close 2 ,
260	.Xr open 2 ,
261	.Xr read 2 ,
262	.Xr write 2 ,
263	.Xr compat 5
264	.Sh BUGS
265	The standard buffered functions do not interact well with certain other
266	library and system functions, especially
267	.Xr vfork 2 .
268	.Sh STANDARDS
269	The
270	.Nm
271	library conforms to
272	.St -isoC-99 .
273	.Sh LIST OF FUNCTIONS
274	.Bl -column "Description"
275	.It Sy "Function Description"
276	.It "asprintf formatted output conversion"
277	.It ""
278	.It "clearerr check and reset stream status"
279	.It ""
280	.It "fclose close a stream"
281	.It "fdopen stream open functions"
282	.It "feof check and reset stream status"
283	.It "ferror check and reset stream status"
284	.It "fflush flush a stream"
285	.It "fgetc get next character or word from input stream"
286	.It "fgetln get a line from a stream"
287	.It "fgetpos reposition a stream"
288	.It "fgets get a line from a stream"
289	.It "fgetwc get next wide character from input stream"
290	.It "fgetws get a line of wide characters from a stream"
291	.It "fileno check and reset stream status"
292	.It "fopen stream open functions"
293	.It "fprintf formatted output conversion"
294	.It "fpurge flush a stream"
295	.It "fputc output a character or word to a stream"
296	.It "fputs output a line to a stream"
297	.It "fputwc output a wide character to a stream"
298	.It "fputws output a line of wide characters to a stream"
299	.It "fread binary stream input/output"
300	.It "freopen stream open functions"
301	.It "fropen open a stream"
302	.It "fscanf input format conversion"
303	.It "fseek reposition a stream"
304	.It "fsetpos reposition a stream"
305	.It "ftell reposition a stream"
306	.It "funopen open a stream"
307	.It "fwide set/get orientation of stream"
308	.It "fwopen open a stream"
309	.It "fwprintf formatted wide character output conversion"
310	.It "fwrite binary stream input/output"
311	.It ""
312	.It "getc get next character or word from input stream"
313	.It "getchar get next character or word from input stream"
314	.It "gets get a line from a stream"
315	.It "getw get next character or word from input stream"
316	.It "getwc get next wide character from input stream"
317	.It "getwchar get next wide character from input stream"
318	.It ""
319	.It "mkdtemp create unique temporary directory"
320	.It "mkstemp create unique temporary file"
321	.It "mktemp create unique temporary file"
322	.It ""
323	.It "perror system error messages"
324	.It "printf formatted output conversion"
325	.It "putc output a character or word to a stream"
326	.It "putchar output a character or word to a stream"
327	.It "puts output a line to a stream"
328	.It "putw output a character or word to a stream"
329	.It "putwc output a wide character to a stream"
330	.It "putwchar output a wide character to a stream"
331	.It ""
332	.It "remove remove directory entry"
333	.It "rewind reposition a stream"
334	.It ""
335	.It "scanf input format conversion"
336	.It "setbuf stream buffering operations"
337	.It "setbuffer stream buffering operations"
338	.It "setlinebuf stream buffering operations"
339	.It "setvbuf stream buffering operations"
340	.It "snprintf formatted output conversion"
341	.It "sprintf formatted output conversion"
342	.It "sscanf input format conversion"
343	.It "strerror system error messages"
344	.It "swprintf formatted wide character output conversion"
345	.It "sys_errlist system error messages"
346	.It "sys_nerr system error messages"
347	.It ""
348	.It "tempnam temporary file routines"
349	.It "tmpfile temporary file routines"
350	.It "tmpnam temporary file routines"
351	.It ""
352	.It "ungetc un-get character from input stream"
353	.It "ungetwc un-get wide character from input stream"
354	.It ""
355	.It "vasprintf formatted output conversion"
356	.It "vfprintf formatted output conversion"
357	.It "vfscanf input format conversion"
358	.It "vfwprintf formatted wide character output conversion"
359	.It "vprintf formatted output conversion"
360	.It "vscanf input format conversion"
361	.It "vsnprintf formatted output conversion"
362	.It "vsprintf formatted output conversion"
363	.It "vsscanf input format conversion"
364	.It "vswprintf formatted wide character output conversion"
365	.It "vwprintf formatted wide character output conversion"
366	.It ""
367	.It "wprintf formatted wide character output conversion"
368	.El