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[apple/ld64.git] / src / other / dyldinfo.cpp
diff --git a/src/other/dyldinfo.cpp b/src/other/dyldinfo.cpp
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+/* -*- mode: C++; c-basic-offset: 4; tab-width: 4 -*- 
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2008 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
+ * 
+ * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
+ * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
+ * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
+ * compliance with the License. Please obtain a copy of the License at
+ * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this
+ * file.
+ * 
+ * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
+ * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
+ * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
+ * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * 
+ * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <set>
+#include <ext/hash_set>
+
+#include "MachOFileAbstraction.hpp"
+#include "Architectures.hpp"
+#include "MachOTrie.hpp"
+
+static bool printRebase = false;
+static bool printBind = false;
+static bool printWeakBind = false;
+static bool printLazyBind = false;
+static bool printOpcodes = false;
+static bool printExport = false;
+static bool printExportGraph = false;
+static cpu_type_t      sPreferredArch = CPU_TYPE_I386;
+
+
+ __attribute__((noreturn))
+void throwf(const char* format, ...) 
+{
+       va_list list;
+       char*   p;
+       va_start(list, format);
+       vasprintf(&p, format, list);
+       va_end(list);
+       
+       const char*     t = p;
+       throw t;
+}
+
+
+template <typename A>
+class DyldInfoPrinter
+{
+public:
+       static bool                                                                     validFile(const uint8_t* fileContent);
+       static DyldInfoPrinter<A>*                                      make(const uint8_t* fileContent, uint32_t fileLength, const char* path) 
+                                                                                                               { return new DyldInfoPrinter<A>(fileContent, fileLength, path); }
+       virtual                                                                         ~DyldInfoPrinter() {}
+
+
+private:
+       typedef typename A::P                                   P;
+       typedef typename A::P::E                                E;
+       typedef typename A::P::uint_t                   pint_t;
+       
+       class CStringEquals
+       {
+       public:
+               bool operator()(const char* left, const char* right) const { return (strcmp(left, right) == 0); }
+       };
+
+       typedef __gnu_cxx::hash_set<const char*, __gnu_cxx::hash<const char*>, CStringEquals>  StringSet;
+
+                                                                                               DyldInfoPrinter(const uint8_t* fileContent, uint32_t fileLength, const char* path);
+       void                                                                            printRebaseInfo();
+       void                                                                            printRebaseInfoOpcodes();
+       void                                                                            printBindingInfo();
+       void                                                                            printWeakBindingInfo();
+       void                                                                            printLazyBindingInfo();
+       void                                                                            printBindingInfoOpcodes(bool weakBinding);
+       void                                                                            printWeakBindingInfoOpcodes();
+       void                                                                            printLazyBindingOpcodes();
+       void                                                                            printExportInfo();
+       void                                                                            printExportInfoGraph();
+       void                                                                            processExportNode(const uint8_t* const start, const uint8_t* p, const uint8_t* const end, 
+                                                                                                                               char* cummulativeString, int curStrOffset);
+       void                                                                            processExportGraphNode(const uint8_t* const start, const uint8_t* const end,  
+                                                                                                                                       const uint8_t* parent, const uint8_t* p,
+                                                                                                                                       char* cummulativeString, int curStrOffset);
+       const char*                                                                     rebaseTypeName(uint8_t type);
+       const char*                                                                     bindTypeName(uint8_t type);
+       pint_t                                                                          segStartAddress(uint8_t segIndex);
+       const char*                                                                     segmentName(uint8_t segIndex);
+       const char*                                                                     sectionName(uint8_t segIndex, pint_t address);
+       const char*                                                                     getSegAndSectName(uint8_t segIndex, pint_t address);
+       const char*                                                                     ordinalName(int libraryOrdinal);
+
+               
+       const char*                                                                     fPath;
+       const macho_header<P>*                                          fHeader;
+       uint64_t                                                                        fLength;
+       const char*                                                                     fStrings;
+       const char*                                                                     fStringsEnd;
+       const macho_nlist<P>*                                           fSymbols;
+       uint32_t                                                                        fSymbolCount;
+       const macho_dyld_info_command<P>*                       fInfo;
+       uint64_t                                                                        fBaseAddress;
+       std::vector<const macho_segment_command<P>*>fSegments;
+       std::vector<const char*>                                        fDylibs;
+};
+
+
+
+template <>
+bool DyldInfoPrinter<ppc>::validFile(const uint8_t* fileContent)
+{      
+       const macho_header<P>* header = (const macho_header<P>*)fileContent;
+       if ( header->magic() != MH_MAGIC )
+               return false;
+       if ( header->cputype() != CPU_TYPE_POWERPC )
+               return false;
+       switch (header->filetype()) {
+               case MH_EXECUTE:
+               case MH_DYLIB:
+               case MH_BUNDLE:
+               case MH_DYLINKER:
+                       return true;
+       }
+       return false;
+}
+
+template <>
+bool DyldInfoPrinter<ppc64>::validFile(const uint8_t* fileContent)
+{      
+       const macho_header<P>* header = (const macho_header<P>*)fileContent;
+       if ( header->magic() != MH_MAGIC_64 )
+               return false;
+       if ( header->cputype() != CPU_TYPE_POWERPC64 )
+               return false;
+       switch (header->filetype()) {
+               case MH_EXECUTE:
+               case MH_DYLIB:
+               case MH_BUNDLE:
+               case MH_DYLINKER:
+                       return true;
+       }
+       return false;
+}
+
+template <>
+bool DyldInfoPrinter<x86>::validFile(const uint8_t* fileContent)
+{      
+       const macho_header<P>* header = (const macho_header<P>*)fileContent;
+       if ( header->magic() != MH_MAGIC )
+               return false;
+       if ( header->cputype() != CPU_TYPE_I386 )
+               return false;
+       switch (header->filetype()) {
+               case MH_EXECUTE:
+               case MH_DYLIB:
+               case MH_BUNDLE:
+               case MH_DYLINKER:
+                       return true;
+       }
+       return false;
+}
+
+template <>
+bool DyldInfoPrinter<x86_64>::validFile(const uint8_t* fileContent)
+{      
+       const macho_header<P>* header = (const macho_header<P>*)fileContent;
+       if ( header->magic() != MH_MAGIC_64 )
+               return false;
+       if ( header->cputype() != CPU_TYPE_X86_64 )
+               return false;
+       switch (header->filetype()) {
+               case MH_EXECUTE:
+               case MH_DYLIB:
+               case MH_BUNDLE:
+               case MH_DYLINKER:
+                       return true;
+       }
+       return false;
+}
+
+template <>
+bool DyldInfoPrinter<arm>::validFile(const uint8_t* fileContent)
+{      
+       const macho_header<P>* header = (const macho_header<P>*)fileContent;
+       if ( header->magic() != MH_MAGIC )
+               return false;
+       if ( header->cputype() != CPU_TYPE_ARM )
+               return false;
+       switch (header->filetype()) {
+               case MH_EXECUTE:
+               case MH_DYLIB:
+               case MH_BUNDLE:
+               case MH_DYLINKER:
+                       return true;
+       }
+       return false;
+}
+
+
+template <typename A>
+DyldInfoPrinter<A>::DyldInfoPrinter(const uint8_t* fileContent, uint32_t fileLength, const char* path)
+ : fHeader(NULL), fLength(fileLength), 
+   fStrings(NULL), fStringsEnd(NULL), fSymbols(NULL), fSymbolCount(0), fInfo(NULL), fBaseAddress(0)
+{
+       // sanity check
+       if ( ! validFile(fileContent) )
+               throw "not a mach-o file that can be checked";
+
+       fPath = strdup(path);
+       fHeader = (const macho_header<P>*)fileContent;
+       
+       // get LC_DYLD_INFO
+       const uint8_t* const endOfFile = (uint8_t*)fHeader + fLength;
+       const uint8_t* const endOfLoadCommands = (uint8_t*)fHeader + sizeof(macho_header<P>) + fHeader->sizeofcmds();
+       const uint32_t cmd_count = fHeader->ncmds();
+       const macho_load_command<P>* const cmds = (macho_load_command<P>*)((uint8_t*)fHeader + sizeof(macho_header<P>));
+       const macho_load_command<P>* cmd = cmds;
+       for (uint32_t i = 0; i < cmd_count; ++i) {
+               uint32_t size = cmd->cmdsize();
+               const uint8_t* endOfCmd = ((uint8_t*)cmd)+cmd->cmdsize();
+               if ( endOfCmd > endOfLoadCommands )
+                       throwf("load command #%d extends beyond the end of the load commands", i);
+               if ( endOfCmd > endOfFile )
+                       throwf("load command #%d extends beyond the end of the file", i);
+               switch ( cmd->cmd() ) {
+                       case LC_DYLD_INFO:
+                       case LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY:
+                               fInfo = (macho_dyld_info_command<P>*)cmd;
+                               break;
+                       case macho_segment_command<P>::CMD:
+                               {
+                               const macho_segment_command<P>* segCmd = (const macho_segment_command<P>*)cmd;
+                               fSegments.push_back(segCmd);
+                               if ( (segCmd->fileoff() == 0) && (segCmd->filesize() != 0) )
+                                       fBaseAddress = segCmd->vmaddr();
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       case LC_LOAD_DYLIB:
+                       case LC_LOAD_WEAK_DYLIB:
+                       case LC_REEXPORT_DYLIB:
+                       case LC_LAZY_LOAD_DYLIB:
+                               {
+                               const macho_dylib_command<P>* dylib  = (macho_dylib_command<P>*)cmd;
+                               const char* lastSlash = strrchr(dylib->name(), '/');
+                               const char* leafName = (lastSlash != NULL) ? lastSlash+1 : dylib->name();
+                               const char* firstDot = strchr(leafName, '.');
+                               if ( firstDot != NULL ) {
+                                       char* t = strdup(leafName);
+                                       t[firstDot-leafName] = '\0';
+                                       fDylibs.push_back(t);
+                               }
+                               else {
+                                       fDylibs.push_back(leafName);
+                               }
+                               }
+                               break;
+               }
+               cmd = (const macho_load_command<P>*)endOfCmd;
+       }
+       
+       if ( printRebase )
+               printRebaseInfo();
+       if ( printBind ) 
+               printBindingInfo();
+       if ( printWeakBind ) 
+               printWeakBindingInfo();
+       if ( printLazyBind )
+               printLazyBindingInfo();
+       if ( printExport )
+               printExportInfo();
+       if ( printOpcodes ) {
+               printRebaseInfoOpcodes();
+               printBindingInfoOpcodes(false);
+               printBindingInfoOpcodes(true);
+               printLazyBindingOpcodes();
+       }
+       if ( printExportGraph )
+               printExportInfoGraph();
+}
+
+static uint64_t read_uleb128(const uint8_t*& p, const uint8_t* end)
+{
+       uint64_t result = 0;
+       int              bit = 0;
+       do {
+               if (p == end)
+                       throwf("malformed uleb128");
+
+               uint64_t slice = *p & 0x7f;
+
+               if (bit >= 64 || slice << bit >> bit != slice)
+                       throwf("uleb128 too big");
+               else {
+                       result |= (slice << bit);
+                       bit += 7;
+               }
+       } 
+       while (*p++ & 0x80);
+       return result;
+}
+
+static int64_t read_sleb128(const uint8_t*& p, const uint8_t* end)
+{
+       int64_t result = 0;
+       int bit = 0;
+       uint8_t byte;
+       do {
+               if (p == end)
+                       throwf("malformed sleb128");
+               byte = *p++;
+               result |= ((byte & 0x7f) << bit);
+               bit += 7;
+       } while (byte & 0x80);
+       // sign extend negative numbers
+       if ( (byte & 0x40) != 0 )
+               result |= (-1LL) << bit;
+       return result;
+}
+
+
+template <typename A>
+const char* DyldInfoPrinter<A>::rebaseTypeName(uint8_t type)
+{
+       switch (type ){
+               case REBASE_TYPE_POINTER:
+                       return "pointer";
+               case REBASE_TYPE_TEXT_ABSOLUTE32:
+                       return "text abs32";
+               case REBASE_TYPE_TEXT_PCREL32:
+                       return "text rel32";
+       }
+       return "!!unknown!!";
+}
+
+
+template <typename A>
+const char* DyldInfoPrinter<A>::bindTypeName(uint8_t type)
+{
+       switch (type ){
+               case BIND_TYPE_POINTER:
+                       return "pointer";
+               case BIND_TYPE_TEXT_ABSOLUTE32:
+                       return "text abs32";
+               case BIND_TYPE_TEXT_PCREL32:
+                       return "text rel32";
+       }
+       return "!!unknown!!";
+}
+
+
+template <typename A>
+typename A::P::uint_t DyldInfoPrinter<A>::segStartAddress(uint8_t segIndex)
+{
+       if ( segIndex > fSegments.size() )
+               throw "segment index out of range";
+       return fSegments[segIndex]->vmaddr();
+}
+
+template <typename A>
+const char* DyldInfoPrinter<A>::segmentName(uint8_t segIndex)
+{
+       if ( segIndex > fSegments.size() )
+               throw "segment index out of range";
+       return fSegments[segIndex]->segname();
+}
+
+template <typename A>
+const char* DyldInfoPrinter<A>::sectionName(uint8_t segIndex, pint_t address)
+{
+       if ( segIndex > fSegments.size() )
+               throw "segment index out of range";
+       const macho_segment_command<P>* segCmd = fSegments[segIndex];
+       macho_section<P>* const sectionsStart = (macho_section<P>*)((char*)segCmd + sizeof(macho_segment_command<P>));
+       macho_section<P>* const sectionsEnd = &sectionsStart[segCmd->nsects()];
+       for(macho_section<P>* sect = sectionsStart; sect < sectionsEnd; ++sect) {
+               if ( (sect->addr() <= address) && (address < (sect->addr()+sect->size())) ) {
+                       if ( strlen(sect->sectname()) > 15 ) {
+                               static char temp[18];
+                               strlcpy(temp, sect->sectname(), 17);
+                               return temp;
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               return sect->sectname();
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       return "??";
+}
+
+template <typename A>
+const char* DyldInfoPrinter<A>::getSegAndSectName(uint8_t segIndex, pint_t address)
+{
+       static char buffer[64];
+       strcpy(buffer, segmentName(segIndex));
+       strcat(buffer, "/");
+       const macho_segment_command<P>* segCmd = fSegments[segIndex];
+       macho_section<P>* const sectionsStart = (macho_section<P>*)((char*)segCmd + sizeof(macho_segment_command<P>));
+       macho_section<P>* const sectionsEnd = &sectionsStart[segCmd->nsects()];
+       for(macho_section<P>* sect = sectionsStart; sect < sectionsEnd; ++sect) {
+               if ( (sect->addr() <= address) && (address < (sect->addr()+sect->size())) ) {
+                       // section name may not be zero terminated
+                       char* end = &buffer[strlen(buffer)];
+                       strlcpy(end, sect->sectname(), 16);
+                       return buffer;                          
+               }
+       }
+       return "??";
+}
+
+template <typename A>
+const char* DyldInfoPrinter<A>::ordinalName(int libraryOrdinal)
+{
+       switch ( libraryOrdinal) {
+               case BIND_SPECIAL_DYLIB_SELF:
+                       return "this-image";
+               case BIND_SPECIAL_DYLIB_MAIN_EXECUTABLE:
+                       return "main-executable";
+               case BIND_SPECIAL_DYLIB_FLAT_LOOKUP:
+                       return "flat-namespace";
+       }
+       if ( libraryOrdinal < BIND_SPECIAL_DYLIB_FLAT_LOOKUP )
+               throw "unknown special ordinal";
+       if ( libraryOrdinal > fDylibs.size() )
+               throw "libraryOrdinal out of range";
+       return fDylibs[libraryOrdinal-1];
+}
+
+
+template <typename A>
+void DyldInfoPrinter<A>::printRebaseInfo()
+{
+       if ( (fInfo == NULL) || (fInfo->rebase_off() == 0) ) {
+               printf("no compressed rebase info\n");
+       }
+       else {
+               printf("rebase information:\n");
+               printf("segment section          address     type\n");
+
+               const uint8_t* p = (uint8_t*)fHeader + fInfo->rebase_off();
+               const uint8_t* end = &p[fInfo->rebase_size()];
+               
+               uint8_t type = 0;
+               uint64_t segOffset = 0;
+               uint32_t count;
+               uint32_t skip;
+               int segIndex;
+               pint_t segStartAddr = 0;
+               const char* segName = "??";
+               const char* typeName = "??";
+               bool done = false;
+               while ( !done && (p < end) ) {
+                       uint8_t immediate = *p & REBASE_IMMEDIATE_MASK;
+                       uint8_t opcode = *p & REBASE_OPCODE_MASK;
+                       ++p;
+                       switch (opcode) {
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_DONE:
+                                       done = true;
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM:
+                                       type = immediate;
+                                       typeName = rebaseTypeName(type);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB:
+                                       segIndex = immediate;
+                                       segStartAddr = segStartAddress(segIndex);
+                                       segName = segmentName(segIndex);
+                                       segOffset = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       segOffset += read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED:
+                                       segOffset += immediate*sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_IMM_TIMES:
+                                       for (int i=0; i < immediate; ++i) {
+                                               printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX  %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName);
+                                               segOffset += sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       }
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_ULEB_TIMES:
+                                       count = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       for (uint32_t i=0; i < count; ++i) {
+                                               printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX  %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName);
+                                               segOffset += sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       }
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX  %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName);
+                                       segOffset += read_uleb128(p, end) + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB:
+                                       count = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       for (uint32_t i=0; i < count; ++i) {
+                                               printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX  %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName);
+                                               segOffset += skip + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       }
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       throwf("bad rebase opcode %d", *p);
+                       }
+               }       
+       }
+
+}
+
+
+
+template <typename A>
+void DyldInfoPrinter<A>::printRebaseInfoOpcodes()
+{
+       if ( (fInfo == NULL) || (fInfo->rebase_off() == 0) ) {
+               printf("no compressed rebase info\n");
+       }
+       else {
+               printf("rebase opcodes:\n");
+               const uint8_t* p = (uint8_t*)fHeader + fInfo->rebase_off();
+               const uint8_t* end = &p[fInfo->rebase_size()];
+               
+               uint8_t type = 0;
+               uint64_t address = fBaseAddress;
+               uint32_t count;
+               uint32_t skip;
+               unsigned int segmentIndex;
+               bool done = false;
+               while ( !done && (p < end) ) {
+                       uint8_t immediate = *p & REBASE_IMMEDIATE_MASK;
+                       uint8_t opcode = *p & REBASE_OPCODE_MASK;
+                       ++p;
+                       switch (opcode) {
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_DONE:
+                                       done = true;
+                                       printf("REBASE_OPCODE_DONE()\n");
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM:
+                                       type = immediate;
+                                       printf("REBASE_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM(%d)\n", type);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB:
+                                       segmentIndex = immediate;
+                                       address = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("REBASE_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB(%d, 0x%08llX)\n", segmentIndex, address);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       address = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("REBASE_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB(0x%0llX)\n", address);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED:
+                                       address = immediate*sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       printf("REBASE_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED(0x%0llX)\n", address);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_IMM_TIMES:
+                                       printf("REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_IMM_TIMES(%d)\n", immediate);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_ULEB_TIMES:
+                                       count = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_ULEB_TIMES(%d)\n", count);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end) + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       printf("REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB(%d)\n", skip);
+                                       break;
+                               case REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB:
+                                       count = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB(%d, %d)\n", count, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       throwf("bad rebase opcode %d", *p);
+                       }
+               }       
+       }
+
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+template <typename A>
+void DyldInfoPrinter<A>::printBindingInfoOpcodes(bool weakbinding)
+{
+       if ( fInfo == NULL ) {
+               printf("no compressed binding info\n");
+       }
+       else if ( !weakbinding && (fInfo->bind_off() == 0) ) {
+               printf("no compressed binding info\n");
+       }
+       else if ( weakbinding && (fInfo->weak_bind_off() == 0) ) {
+               printf("no compressed weak binding info\n");
+       }
+       else {
+               const uint8_t* start;
+               const uint8_t* end;
+               if ( weakbinding ) {
+                       printf("weak binding opcodes:\n");
+                       start = (uint8_t*)fHeader + fInfo->weak_bind_off();
+                       end = &start[fInfo->weak_bind_size()];
+               }
+               else {
+                       printf("binding opcodes:\n");
+                       start = (uint8_t*)fHeader + fInfo->bind_off();
+                       end = &start[fInfo->bind_size()];
+               }
+               const uint8_t* p = start;
+               uint8_t type = 0;
+               uint8_t flags;
+               uint64_t address = fBaseAddress;
+               const char* symbolName = NULL;
+               int libraryOrdinal = 0;
+               int64_t addend = 0;
+               uint32_t segmentIndex = 0;
+               uint32_t count;
+               uint32_t skip;
+               bool done = false;
+               while ( !done && (p < end) ) {
+                       uint8_t immediate = *p & BIND_IMMEDIATE_MASK;
+                       uint8_t opcode = *p & BIND_OPCODE_MASK;
+                       uint32_t opcodeOffset = p-start;
+                       ++p;
+                       switch (opcode) {
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DONE:
+                                       done = true;
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_DONE\n", opcodeOffset);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_IMM:
+                                       libraryOrdinal = immediate;
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_IMM(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_ULEB:
+                                       libraryOrdinal = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_ULEB(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_SPECIAL_IMM:
+                                       // the special ordinals are negative numbers
+                                       if ( immediate == 0 )
+                                               libraryOrdinal = 0;
+                                       else {
+                                               int8_t signExtended = BIND_OPCODE_MASK | immediate;
+                                               libraryOrdinal = signExtended;
+                                       }
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_SPECIAL_IMM(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM:
+                                       flags = immediate;
+                                       symbolName = (char*)p;
+                                       while (*p != '\0')
+                                               ++p;
+                                       ++p;
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM(0x%02X, %s)\n", opcodeOffset, flags, symbolName);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM:
+                                       type = immediate;
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, type);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_ADDEND_SLEB:
+                                       addend = read_sleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_ADDEND_SLEB(%lld)\n", opcodeOffset, addend);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB:
+                                       segmentIndex = immediate;
+                                       address = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB(0x%02X, 0x%08llX)\n", opcodeOffset, segmentIndex, address);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB(0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND:
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND()\n", opcodeOffset);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_ULEB(0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED:
+                                       skip = immediate*sizeof(pint_t) + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED(0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB:
+                                       count = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB(%d, 0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, count, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       throwf("unknown bind opcode %d", *p);
+                       }
+               }       
+       }
+
+}
+
+
+
+template <typename A>
+void DyldInfoPrinter<A>::printBindingInfo()
+{
+       if ( (fInfo == NULL) || (fInfo->bind_off() == 0) ) {
+               printf("no compressed binding info\n");
+       }
+       else {
+               printf("bind information:\n");
+               printf("segment section          address        type   weak  addend dylib            symbol\n");
+               const uint8_t* p = (uint8_t*)fHeader + fInfo->bind_off();
+               const uint8_t* end = &p[fInfo->bind_size()];
+               
+               uint8_t type = 0;
+               uint8_t segIndex = 0;
+               uint64_t segOffset = 0;
+               const char* symbolName = NULL;
+               const char* fromDylib = "??";
+               int libraryOrdinal = 0;
+               int64_t addend = 0;
+               uint32_t count;
+               uint32_t skip;
+               pint_t segStartAddr = 0;
+               const char* segName = "??";
+               const char* typeName = "??";
+               const char* weak_import = "";
+               bool done = false;
+               while ( !done && (p < end) ) {
+                       uint8_t immediate = *p & BIND_IMMEDIATE_MASK;
+                       uint8_t opcode = *p & BIND_OPCODE_MASK;
+                       ++p;
+                       switch (opcode) {
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DONE:
+                                       done = true;
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_IMM:
+                                       libraryOrdinal = immediate;
+                                       fromDylib = ordinalName(libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_ULEB:
+                                       libraryOrdinal = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       fromDylib = ordinalName(libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_SPECIAL_IMM:
+                                       // the special ordinals are negative numbers
+                                       if ( immediate == 0 )
+                                               libraryOrdinal = 0;
+                                       else {
+                                               int8_t signExtended = BIND_OPCODE_MASK | immediate;
+                                               libraryOrdinal = signExtended;
+                                       }
+                                       fromDylib = ordinalName(libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM:
+                                       symbolName = (char*)p;
+                                       while (*p != '\0')
+                                               ++p;
+                                       ++p;
+                                       if ( (immediate & BIND_SYMBOL_FLAGS_WEAK_IMPORT) != 0 )
+                                               weak_import = "weak";
+                                       else
+                                               weak_import = "";
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM:
+                                       type = immediate;
+                                       typeName = bindTypeName(type);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_ADDEND_SLEB:
+                                       addend = read_sleb128(p, end);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB:
+                                       segIndex = immediate;
+                                       segStartAddr = segStartAddress(segIndex);
+                                       segName = segmentName(segIndex);
+                                       segOffset = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       segOffset += read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND:
+                                       printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX %10s %4s  %5lld %-16s %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName, weak_import, addend, fromDylib, symbolName );
+                                       segOffset += sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX %10s %4s  %5lld %-16s %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName, weak_import, addend, fromDylib, symbolName );
+                                       segOffset += read_uleb128(p, end) + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED:
+                                       printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX %10s %4s  %5lld %-16s %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName, weak_import, addend, fromDylib, symbolName );
+                                       segOffset += immediate*sizeof(pint_t) + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB:
+                                       count = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       for (uint32_t i=0; i < count; ++i) {
+                                               printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX %10s %4s  %5lld %-16s %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName, weak_import, addend, fromDylib, symbolName );
+                                               segOffset += skip + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       }
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       throwf("bad bind opcode %d", *p);
+                       }
+               }       
+       }
+
+}
+
+template <typename A>
+void DyldInfoPrinter<A>::printWeakBindingInfo()
+{
+       if ( (fInfo == NULL) || (fInfo->weak_bind_off() == 0) ) {
+               printf("no weak binding\n");
+       }
+       else {
+               printf("weak binding information:\n");
+               printf("segment section          address       type     addend symbol\n");
+               const uint8_t* p = (uint8_t*)fHeader + fInfo->weak_bind_off();
+               const uint8_t* end = &p[fInfo->weak_bind_size()];
+               
+               uint8_t type = 0;
+               uint8_t segIndex = 0;
+               uint64_t segOffset = 0;
+               const char* symbolName = NULL;
+               int64_t addend = 0;
+               uint32_t count;
+               uint32_t skip;
+               pint_t segStartAddr = 0;
+               const char* segName = "??";
+               const char* typeName = "??";
+               bool done = false;
+               while ( !done && (p < end) ) {
+                       uint8_t immediate = *p & BIND_IMMEDIATE_MASK;
+                       uint8_t opcode = *p & BIND_OPCODE_MASK;
+                       ++p;
+                       switch (opcode) {
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DONE:
+                                       done = true;
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM:
+                                       symbolName = (char*)p;
+                                       while (*p != '\0')
+                                               ++p;
+                                       ++p;
+                                       if ( (immediate & BIND_SYMBOL_FLAGS_NON_WEAK_DEFINITION) != 0 )
+                                               printf("                                       strong          %s\n", symbolName );
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM:
+                                       type = immediate;
+                                       typeName = bindTypeName(type);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_ADDEND_SLEB:
+                                       addend = read_sleb128(p, end);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB:
+                                       segIndex = immediate;
+                                       segStartAddr = segStartAddress(segIndex);
+                                       segName = segmentName(segIndex);
+                                       segOffset = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       segOffset += read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND:
+                                       printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX %10s   %5lld %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName, addend, symbolName );
+                                       segOffset += sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX %10s   %5lld %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName, addend, symbolName );
+                                       segOffset += read_uleb128(p, end) + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED:
+                                       printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX %10s   %5lld %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName, addend, symbolName );
+                                       segOffset += immediate*sizeof(pint_t) + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB:
+                                       count = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       for (uint32_t i=0; i < count; ++i) {
+                                       printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX %10s   %5lld %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, typeName, addend, symbolName );
+                                                       segOffset += skip + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       }
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       throwf("unknown weak bind opcode %d", *p);
+                       }
+               }       
+       }
+
+}
+
+
+template <typename A>
+void DyldInfoPrinter<A>::printLazyBindingInfo()
+{
+       if ( fInfo == NULL ) {
+               printf("no compressed dyld info\n");
+       }
+       else if ( fInfo->lazy_bind_off() == 0 ) {
+               printf("no compressed lazy binding info\n");
+       }
+       else {
+               printf("lazy binding information:\n");
+               printf("segment section          address    index  dylib            symbol\n");
+               const uint8_t* const start = (uint8_t*)fHeader + fInfo->lazy_bind_off();
+               const uint8_t* const end = &start[fInfo->lazy_bind_size()];
+
+               uint8_t type = BIND_TYPE_POINTER;
+               uint8_t segIndex = 0;
+               uint64_t segOffset = 0;
+               const char* symbolName = NULL;
+               const char* fromDylib = "??";
+               int libraryOrdinal = 0;
+               int64_t addend = 0;
+               uint32_t lazy_offset = 0;
+               pint_t segStartAddr = 0;
+               const char* segName = "??";
+               const char* typeName = "??";
+               for (const uint8_t* p=start; p < end; ) {
+                       uint8_t immediate = *p & BIND_IMMEDIATE_MASK;
+                       uint8_t opcode = *p & BIND_OPCODE_MASK;
+                       ++p;
+                       switch (opcode) {
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DONE:
+                                       lazy_offset = p-start;
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_IMM:
+                                       libraryOrdinal = immediate;
+                                       fromDylib = ordinalName(libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_ULEB:
+                                       libraryOrdinal = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       fromDylib = ordinalName(libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_SPECIAL_IMM:
+                                       // the special ordinals are negative numbers
+                                       if ( immediate == 0 )
+                                               libraryOrdinal = 0;
+                                       else {
+                                               int8_t signExtended = BIND_OPCODE_MASK | immediate;
+                                               libraryOrdinal = signExtended;
+                                       }
+                                       fromDylib = ordinalName(libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM:
+                                       symbolName = (char*)p;
+                                       while (*p != '\0')
+                                               ++p;
+                                       ++p;
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM:
+                                       type = immediate;
+                                       typeName = bindTypeName(type);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_ADDEND_SLEB:
+                                       addend = read_sleb128(p, end);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB:
+                                       segIndex = immediate;
+                                       segStartAddr = segStartAddress(segIndex);
+                                       segName = segmentName(segIndex);
+                                       segOffset = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       segOffset += read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND:
+                                       printf("%-7s %-16s 0x%08llX 0x%04X %-16s %s\n", segName, sectionName(segIndex, segStartAddr+segOffset), segStartAddr+segOffset, lazy_offset, fromDylib, symbolName );
+                                       segOffset += sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       throwf("bad lazy bind opcode %d", *p);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+}
+
+#if 0
+               uint8_t type = BIND_TYPE_POINTER;
+               uint8_t flags;
+               uint64_t address = fBaseAddress;
+               const char* symbolName = NULL;
+               int libraryOrdinal = 0;
+               int64_t addend = 0;
+               uint32_t segmentIndex = 0;
+               uint32_t count;
+               uint32_t skip;
+               for (const uint8_t* p = start; p < end; ) {
+                       uint8_t immediate = *p & BIND_IMMEDIATE_MASK;
+                       uint8_t opcode = *p & BIND_OPCODE_MASK;
+                       uint32_t opcodeOffset = p-start;
+                       ++p;
+                       switch (opcode) {
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DONE:
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_DONE\n", opcodeOffset);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_IMM:
+                                       libraryOrdinal = immediate;
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_IMM(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_ULEB:
+                                       libraryOrdinal = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_ULEB(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_SPECIAL_IMM:
+                                       // the special ordinals are negative numbers
+                                       if ( immediate == 0 )
+                                               libraryOrdinal = 0;
+                                       else {
+                                               int8_t signExtended = BIND_OPCODE_MASK | immediate;
+                                               libraryOrdinal = signExtended;
+                                       }
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_SPECIAL_IMM(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM:
+                                       flags = immediate;
+                                       symbolName = (char*)p;
+                                       while (*p != '\0')
+                                               ++p;
+                                       ++p;
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM(0x%02X, %s)\n", opcodeOffset, flags, symbolName);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM:
+                                       type = immediate;
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, type);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_ADDEND_SLEB:
+                                       addend = read_sleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_SET_ADDEND_SLEB(%lld)\n", opcodeOffset, addend);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB:
+                                       segmentIndex = immediate;
+                                       address = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB(0x%02X, 0x%08llX)\n", opcodeOffset, segmentIndex, address);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB(0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND:
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND()\n", opcodeOffset);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_ULEB(0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED:
+                                       skip = immediate*sizeof(pint_t) + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED(0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB:
+                                       count = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%08X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB(%d, 0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, count, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       throwf("unknown bind opcode %d", *p);
+                       }
+               }       
+#endif
+
+template <typename A>
+void DyldInfoPrinter<A>::printLazyBindingOpcodes()
+{
+       if ( fInfo == NULL ) {
+               printf("no compressed dyld info\n");
+       }
+       else if ( fInfo->lazy_bind_off() == 0 ) {
+               printf("no compressed lazy binding info\n");
+       }
+       else {
+               printf("lazy binding opcodes:\n");
+               const uint8_t* const start = (uint8_t*)fHeader + fInfo->lazy_bind_off();
+               const uint8_t* const end = &start[fInfo->lazy_bind_size()];
+               uint8_t type = BIND_TYPE_POINTER;
+               uint8_t flags;
+               uint64_t address = fBaseAddress;
+               const char* symbolName = NULL;
+               int libraryOrdinal = 0;
+               int64_t addend = 0;
+               uint32_t segmentIndex = 0;
+               uint32_t count;
+               uint32_t skip;
+               for (const uint8_t* p = start; p < end; ) {
+                       uint8_t immediate = *p & BIND_IMMEDIATE_MASK;
+                       uint8_t opcode = *p & BIND_OPCODE_MASK;
+                       uint32_t opcodeOffset = p-start;
+                       ++p;
+                       switch (opcode) {
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DONE:
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_DONE\n", opcodeOffset);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_IMM:
+                                       libraryOrdinal = immediate;
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_IMM(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_ULEB:
+                                       libraryOrdinal = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_ULEB(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_SPECIAL_IMM:
+                                       // the special ordinals are negative numbers
+                                       if ( immediate == 0 )
+                                               libraryOrdinal = 0;
+                                       else {
+                                               int8_t signExtended = BIND_OPCODE_MASK | immediate;
+                                               libraryOrdinal = signExtended;
+                                       }
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_DYLIB_SPECIAL_IMM(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, libraryOrdinal);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM:
+                                       flags = immediate;
+                                       symbolName = (char*)p;
+                                       while (*p != '\0')
+                                               ++p;
+                                       ++p;
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM(0x%02X, %s)\n", opcodeOffset, flags, symbolName);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM:
+                                       type = immediate;
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_TYPE_IMM(%d)\n", opcodeOffset, type);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_ADDEND_SLEB:
+                                       addend = read_sleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_ADDEND_SLEB(%lld)\n", opcodeOffset, addend);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB:
+                                       segmentIndex = immediate;
+                                       address = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB(0x%02X, 0x%08llX)\n", opcodeOffset, segmentIndex, address);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB(0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND:
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND()\n", opcodeOffset);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_ULEB:
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_ULEB(0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED:
+                                       skip = immediate*sizeof(pint_t) + sizeof(pint_t);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED(0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               case BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB:
+                                       count = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       skip = read_uleb128(p, end);
+                                       printf("0x%04X BIND_OPCODE_DO_BIND_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB(%d, 0x%08X)\n", opcodeOffset, count, skip);
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       throwf("unknown bind opcode %d", *p);
+                       }
+               }       
+       }
+
+}
+
+
+template <typename A>
+void DyldInfoPrinter<A>::processExportNode(const uint8_t* const start, const uint8_t* p, const uint8_t* const end, 
+                                                                                       char* cummulativeString, int curStrOffset) 
+{
+       const uint8_t terminalSize = *p++;
+       const uint8_t* children = p + terminalSize;
+       if ( terminalSize != 0 ) {
+               uint32_t flags = read_uleb128(p, end);
+               uint64_t address = read_uleb128(p, end);
+               if ( flags & EXPORT_SYMBOL_FLAGS_WEAK_DEFINITION )
+                       fprintf(stdout, "0x%08llX [weak_def] %s\n", address, cummulativeString);
+               else
+                       fprintf(stdout, "0x%08llX %s\n", address, cummulativeString);
+       }
+       const uint8_t childrenCount = *children++;
+       const uint8_t* s = children;
+       for (uint8_t i=0; i < childrenCount; ++i) {
+               int edgeStrLen = 0;
+               while (*s != '\0') {
+                       cummulativeString[curStrOffset+edgeStrLen] = *s++;
+                       ++edgeStrLen;
+               }
+               cummulativeString[curStrOffset+edgeStrLen] = *s++;
+               uint32_t childNodeOffet = read_uleb128(s, end);
+               processExportNode(start, start+childNodeOffet, end, cummulativeString, curStrOffset+edgeStrLen);        
+       }
+}
+
+struct SortExportsByAddress
+{
+     bool operator()(const mach_o::trie::Entry& left, const mach_o::trie::Entry& right)
+     {
+        return ( left.address < right.address );
+     }
+};
+
+template <typename A>
+void DyldInfoPrinter<A>::printExportInfo()
+{
+       if ( (fInfo == NULL) || (fInfo->export_off() == 0) ) {
+               printf("no compressed export info\n");
+       }
+       else {
+               const uint8_t* start = (uint8_t*)fHeader + fInfo->export_off();
+               const uint8_t* end = &start[fInfo->export_size()];
+               std::vector<mach_o::trie::Entry> list;
+               parseTrie(start, end, list);
+               //std::sort(list.begin(), list.end(), SortExportsByAddress());
+               for (std::vector<mach_o::trie::Entry>::iterator it=list.begin(); it != list.end(); ++it) {
+                       const char* flags = "";
+                       if ( it->flags & EXPORT_SYMBOL_FLAGS_WEAK_DEFINITION )
+                               flags = "[weak_def] ";
+                       fprintf(stdout, "0x%08llX %s%s\n", fBaseAddress+it->address, flags, it->name);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+
+template <typename A>
+void DyldInfoPrinter<A>::processExportGraphNode(const uint8_t* const start, const uint8_t* const end,  
+                                                                                       const uint8_t* parent, const uint8_t* p,
+                                                                                       char* cummulativeString, int curStrOffset) 
+{
+       const uint8_t* const me = p;
+       const uint8_t terminalSize = *p++;
+       const uint8_t* children = p + terminalSize;
+       if ( terminalSize != 0 ) {
+               uint32_t flags = read_uleb128(p, end);
+               uint64_t address = read_uleb128(p, end);
+               printf("\tnode%03ld [ label=%s,addr0x%08llX ];\n", (long)(me-start), cummulativeString, address);
+       }
+       else {
+               printf("\tnode%03ld;\n", (long)(me-start));
+       }
+       const uint8_t childrenCount = *children++;
+       const uint8_t* s = children;
+       for (uint8_t i=0; i < childrenCount; ++i) {
+               const char* edgeName = (char*)s;
+               int edgeStrLen = 0;
+               while (*s != '\0') {
+                       cummulativeString[curStrOffset+edgeStrLen] = *s++;
+                       ++edgeStrLen;
+               }
+               cummulativeString[curStrOffset+edgeStrLen] = *s++;
+               uint32_t childNodeOffet = read_uleb128(s, end);
+               printf("\tnode%03ld -> node%03d [ label=%s ] ;\n", (long)(me-start), childNodeOffet, edgeName);
+               processExportGraphNode(start, end, start, start+childNodeOffet, cummulativeString, curStrOffset+edgeStrLen);    
+       }
+}
+
+template <typename A>
+void DyldInfoPrinter<A>::printExportInfoGraph()
+{
+       if ( (fInfo == NULL) || (fInfo->export_off() == 0) ) {
+               printf("no compressed export info\n");
+       }
+       else {
+               const uint8_t* p = (uint8_t*)fHeader + fInfo->export_off();
+               const uint8_t* end = &p[fInfo->export_size()];
+               char cummulativeString[2000];
+               printf("digraph {\n");
+               processExportGraphNode(p, end, p, p, cummulativeString, 0);
+               printf("}\n");
+       }
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+static void dump(const char* path)
+{
+       struct stat stat_buf;
+       
+       try {
+               int fd = ::open(path, O_RDONLY, 0);
+               if ( fd == -1 )
+                       throw "cannot open file";
+               if ( ::fstat(fd, &stat_buf) != 0 ) 
+                       throwf("fstat(%s) failed, errno=%d\n", path, errno);
+               uint32_t length = stat_buf.st_size;
+               uint8_t* p = (uint8_t*)::mmap(NULL, stat_buf.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_FILE | MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+               if ( p == ((uint8_t*)(-1)) )
+                       throw "cannot map file";
+               ::close(fd);
+               const mach_header* mh = (mach_header*)p;
+               if ( mh->magic == OSSwapBigToHostInt32(FAT_MAGIC) ) {
+                       const struct fat_header* fh = (struct fat_header*)p;
+                       const struct fat_arch* archs = (struct fat_arch*)(p + sizeof(struct fat_header));
+                       for (unsigned long i=0; i < OSSwapBigToHostInt32(fh->nfat_arch); ++i) {
+                               size_t offset = OSSwapBigToHostInt32(archs[i].offset);
+                               size_t size = OSSwapBigToHostInt32(archs[i].size);
+                               cpu_type_t cputype = OSSwapBigToHostInt32(archs[i].cputype);
+                               if ( cputype == (uint32_t)sPreferredArch ) {    
+                                       switch(cputype) {
+                                       case CPU_TYPE_POWERPC:
+                                               if ( DyldInfoPrinter<ppc>::validFile(p + offset) )
+                                                       DyldInfoPrinter<ppc>::make(p + offset, size, path);
+                                               else
+                                                       throw "in universal file, ppc slice does not contain ppc mach-o";
+                                               break;
+                                       case CPU_TYPE_I386:
+                                               if ( DyldInfoPrinter<x86>::validFile(p + offset) )
+                                                       DyldInfoPrinter<x86>::make(p + offset, size, path);
+                                               else
+                                                       throw "in universal file, i386 slice does not contain i386 mach-o";
+                                               break;
+                                       case CPU_TYPE_POWERPC64:
+                                               if ( DyldInfoPrinter<ppc64>::validFile(p + offset) )
+                                                       DyldInfoPrinter<ppc64>::make(p + offset, size, path);
+                                               else
+                                                       throw "in universal file, ppc64 slice does not contain ppc64 mach-o";
+                                               break;
+                                       case CPU_TYPE_X86_64:
+                                               if ( DyldInfoPrinter<x86_64>::validFile(p + offset) )
+                                                       DyldInfoPrinter<x86_64>::make(p + offset, size, path);
+                                               else
+                                                       throw "in universal file, x86_64 slice does not contain x86_64 mach-o";
+                                               break;
+                                       case CPU_TYPE_ARM:
+                                               if ( DyldInfoPrinter<arm>::validFile(p + offset) )
+                                                       DyldInfoPrinter<arm>::make(p + offset, size, path);
+                                               else
+                                                       throw "in universal file, arm slice does not contain arm mach-o";
+                                               break;
+                                       default:
+                                                       throwf("in universal file, unknown architecture slice 0x%x\n", cputype);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               else if ( DyldInfoPrinter<x86>::validFile(p) ) {
+                       DyldInfoPrinter<x86>::make(p, length, path);
+               }
+               else if ( DyldInfoPrinter<ppc>::validFile(p) ) {
+                       DyldInfoPrinter<ppc>::make(p, length, path);
+               }
+               else if ( DyldInfoPrinter<ppc64>::validFile(p) ) {
+                       DyldInfoPrinter<ppc64>::make(p, length, path);
+               }
+               else if ( DyldInfoPrinter<x86_64>::validFile(p) ) {
+                       DyldInfoPrinter<x86_64>::make(p, length, path);
+               }
+               else if ( DyldInfoPrinter<arm>::validFile(p) ) {
+                       DyldInfoPrinter<arm>::make(p, length, path);
+               }
+               else {
+                       throw "not a known file type";
+               }
+       }
+       catch (const char* msg) {
+               throwf("%s in %s", msg, path);
+       }
+}
+
+static void usage()
+{
+       fprintf(stderr, "Usage: dyldinfo [-arch <arch>] <options> <mach-o file>\n"
+                       "\t-rebase           print addresses dyld will adjust if file not loaded at preferred address\n"
+                       "\t-bind             print addresses dyld will set based on symbolic lookups\n"
+                       "\t-weak_bind        print symbols which dyld must coalesce\n"
+                       "\t-lazy_bind        print addresses dyld will lazily set on first use\n"
+                       "\t-export           print addresses of all symbols this file exports\n"
+                       "\t-opcodes          print opcodes used to generate the rebase and binding information\n"
+                       "\t-export_dot       print a GraphViz .dot file of the exported symbols trie\n"
+               );
+}
+
+
+int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
+{
+       if ( argc == 1 ) {
+               usage();
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       try {
+               std::vector<const char*> files;
+               for(int i=1; i < argc; ++i) {
+                       const char* arg = argv[i];
+                       if ( arg[0] == '-' ) {
+                               if ( strcmp(arg, "-arch") == 0 ) {
+                                       const char* arch = ++i<argc? argv[i]: "";
+                                       if ( strcmp(arch, "ppc64") == 0 )
+                                               sPreferredArch = CPU_TYPE_POWERPC64;
+                                       else if ( strcmp(arch, "ppc") == 0 )
+                                               sPreferredArch = CPU_TYPE_POWERPC;
+                                       else if ( strcmp(arch, "i386") == 0 )
+                                               sPreferredArch = CPU_TYPE_I386;
+                                       else if ( strcmp(arch, "x86_64") == 0 )
+                                               sPreferredArch = CPU_TYPE_X86_64;
+                                       else 
+                                               throwf("unknown architecture %s", arch);
+                               }
+                               else if ( strcmp(arg, "-rebase") == 0 ) {
+                                       printRebase = true;
+                               }
+                               else if ( strcmp(arg, "-bind") == 0 ) {
+                                       printBind = true;
+                               }
+                               else if ( strcmp(arg, "-weak_bind") == 0 ) {
+                                       printWeakBind = true;
+                               }
+                               else if ( strcmp(arg, "-lazy_bind") == 0 ) {
+                                       printLazyBind = true;
+                               }
+                               else if ( strcmp(arg, "-export") == 0 ) {
+                                       printExport = true;
+                               }
+                               else if ( strcmp(arg, "-opcodes") == 0 ) {
+                                       printOpcodes = true;
+                               }
+                               else if ( strcmp(arg, "-export_dot") == 0 ) {
+                                       printExportGraph = true;
+                               }
+                               else {
+                                       throwf("unknown option: %s\n", arg);
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               files.push_back(arg);
+                       }
+               }
+               if ( files.size() == 0 )
+                       usage();
+               if ( files.size() == 1 ) {
+                       dump(files[0]);
+               }
+               else {
+                       for(std::vector<const char*>::iterator it=files.begin(); it != files.end(); ++it) {
+                               printf("\n%s:\n", *it);
+                               dump(*it);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       catch (const char* msg) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "dyldinfo failed: %s\n", msg);
+               return 1;
+       }
+       
+       return 0;
+}
+
+
+