ld64-128.2.tar.gz

[apple/ld64.git] / src / ld / HeaderAndLoadCommands.hpp

/* -*- mode: C++; c-basic-offset: 4; tab-width: 4 -*-*
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2009 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
 *
 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. Please obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this
 * file.
 *
 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
 * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
 * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
 * limitations under the License.
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 * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
 */

#ifndef __HEADER_LOAD_COMMANDS_HPP__
#define __HEADER_LOAD_COMMANDS_HPP__

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <mach-o/loader.h>

#include <vector>

#include "MachOFileAbstraction.hpp"
#include "Options.h"
#include "ld.hpp"

namespace ld {
namespace tool {

class HeaderAndLoadCommandsAbtract : public ld::Atom
{
public:
							HeaderAndLoadCommandsAbtract(const ld::Section& sect, ld::Atom::Definition d, 
												ld::Atom::Combine c, ld::Atom::Scope s, ld::Atom::ContentType ct, 
												ld::Atom::SymbolTableInclusion i, bool dds, bool thumb, bool al, 
												ld::Atom::Alignment a) : ld::Atom(sect, d, c, s, ct, i, dds, thumb, al, a) { }

	virtual void setUUID(const uint8_t digest[16]) = 0;
	virtual void recopyUUIDCommand() = 0;
};

template <typename A>
class HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom : public HeaderAndLoadCommandsAbtract
{
public:
												HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom(const Options& opts, ld::Internal& state, 
																			OutputFile& writer);

	// overrides of ld::Atom
	virtual ld::File*							file() const		{ return NULL; }
	virtual bool								translationUnitSource(const char** dir, const char** nm) const
																	{ return false; }
	virtual const char*							name() const		{ return "mach-o header and load commands"; }
	virtual uint64_t							size() const;
	virtual uint64_t							objectAddress() const { return _address; }
	virtual void								copyRawContent(uint8_t buffer[]) const;

	// overrides of HeaderAndLoadCommandsAbtract
	virtual void setUUID(const uint8_t digest[16])	{ memcpy(_uuid, digest, 16); }
	virtual void recopyUUIDCommand();
	
private:
	typedef typename A::P						P;
	typedef typename A::P::E					E;
	typedef typename A::P::uint_t				pint_t;
	
	unsigned int				nonHiddenSectionCount() const;
	unsigned int				segmentCount() const;
	static uint32_t				alignedSize(uint32_t x);
	uint32_t					magic() const;
	uint32_t					cpuType() const;
	uint32_t					cpuSubType() const;
	uint32_t					flags() const;
	uint32_t					fileType() const;
	uint32_t					commandsCount() const;
	uint32_t					threadLoadCommandSize() const;
	uint8_t*					copySingleSegmentLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copySegmentLoadCommands(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyDyldInfoLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copySymbolTableLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyDyldLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyDylibIDLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyRoutinesLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyUUIDLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyVersionLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyThreadsLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyEncryptionLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copySplitSegInfoLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyDylibLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const ld::dylib::File*) const;
	uint8_t*					copyRPathLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const char*) const;
	uint8_t*					copySubFrameworkLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyAllowableClientLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const char* client) const;
	uint8_t*					copySubLibraryLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const char* name) const;
	uint8_t*					copySubUmbrellaLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const char* name) const;
	uint8_t*					copyFunctionStartsLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const;
	uint8_t*					copyDyldEnvLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const char* env) const;
	
	uint32_t					sectionFlags(ld::Internal::FinalSection* sect) const;
	bool						sectionTakesNoDiskSpace(ld::Internal::FinalSection* sect) const;
	

	const Options&				_options;
	ld::Internal&				_state;
	OutputFile&					_writer;
	pint_t						_address;
	bool						_hasDyldInfoLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasDyldLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasDylibIDLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasThreadLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasEncryptionLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasSplitSegInfoLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasRoutinesLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasUUIDLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasSymbolTableLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasRPathLoadCommands;
	bool						_hasSubFrameworkLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasVersionLoadCommand;
	bool						_hasFunctionStartsLoadCommand;
	uint32_t					_dylibLoadCommmandsCount;
	uint32_t					_allowableClientLoadCommmandsCount;
	uint32_t					_dyldEnvironExrasCount;
	std::vector<const char*>	_subLibraryNames;
	std::vector<const char*>	_subUmbrellaNames;
	uint8_t						_uuid[16];
	mutable macho_uuid_command<P>*	_uuidCmdInOutputBuffer;
	
	static ld::Section			_s_section;
	static ld::Section			_s_preload_section;
};

template <typename A>
ld::Section HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::_s_section("__TEXT", "__mach_header", ld::Section::typeMachHeader, true);
template <typename A>
ld::Section HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::_s_preload_section("__HEADER", "__mach_header", ld::Section::typeMachHeader, true);


template <typename A>
HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom(const Options& opts, ld::Internal& state, OutputFile& writer)
	: HeaderAndLoadCommandsAbtract((opts.outputKind() == Options::kPreload) ? _s_preload_section : _s_section, 
				ld::Atom::definitionRegular, ld::Atom::combineNever, 
				ld::Atom::scopeTranslationUnit, ld::Atom::typeUnclassified, 
				ld::Atom::symbolTableNotIn, false, false, false, 
				(opts.outputKind() == Options::kPreload) ? ld::Atom::Alignment(0) : ld::Atom::Alignment(12) ), 
		_options(opts), _state(state), _writer(writer), _address(0), _uuidCmdInOutputBuffer(NULL)
{
	bzero(_uuid, 16);
	_hasDyldInfoLoadCommand = opts.makeCompressedDyldInfo();
	_hasDyldLoadCommand = ((opts.outputKind() == Options::kDynamicExecutable) || (_options.outputKind() == Options::kDyld));
	_hasDylibIDLoadCommand = (opts.outputKind() == Options::kDynamicLibrary);
	_hasThreadLoadCommand = _hasDyldLoadCommand || (opts.outputKind() == Options::kStaticExecutable)
												|| (opts.outputKind() == Options::kPreload)
												|| (opts.outputKind() == Options::kDyld);
	_hasEncryptionLoadCommand = opts.makeEncryptable();
	_hasSplitSegInfoLoadCommand = opts.sharedRegionEligible();
	_hasRoutinesLoadCommand = (opts.initFunctionName() != NULL);
	_hasSymbolTableLoadCommand = true;
	_hasUUIDLoadCommand = (opts.UUIDMode() != Options::kUUIDNone);
	switch ( opts.outputKind() ) {
		case Options::kDynamicExecutable:
		case Options::kDynamicLibrary:
		case Options::kDynamicBundle:
		case Options::kDyld:
		case Options::kKextBundle:
			_hasDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand = true;
			break;
		case Options::kObjectFile:
			if ( ! state.someObjectFileHasDwarf )
				_hasUUIDLoadCommand = false;
			_hasDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand = false;
			for (std::vector<ld::Internal::FinalSection*>::iterator it = _state.sections.begin(); it != _state.sections.end(); ++it) {
				if ( (*it)->type() == ld::Section::typeNonLazyPointer ) {
					_hasDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand = true;
					break;
				}
			}
			break;
		case Options::kStaticExecutable:
			_hasDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand = false;
			break;
		case Options::kPreload:
			_hasDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand = opts.positionIndependentExecutable();
			break;
	}
	_hasRPathLoadCommands = (_options.rpaths().size() != 0);
	_hasSubFrameworkLoadCommand = (_options.umbrellaName() != NULL);
	_hasVersionLoadCommand = _options.addVersionLoadCommand();
	_hasFunctionStartsLoadCommand = _options.addFunctionStarts();
	_dylibLoadCommmandsCount = _writer.dylibCount();
	_allowableClientLoadCommmandsCount = _options.allowableClients().size();
	_dyldEnvironExrasCount = _options.dyldEnvironExtras().size();
	if ( ! _options.useSimplifiedDylibReExports() ) {
		// target OS does not support LC_REEXPORT_DYLIB, so use old complicated load commands
		for(uint32_t ord=1; ord <= _writer.dylibCount(); ++ord) {
			const ld::dylib::File* dylib = _writer.dylibByOrdinal(ord);
			if ( dylib->willBeReExported() ) {
				// if child says it is an sub-framework of the image being created, then nothing to do here
				bool isSubFramework = false;
				const char* childInUmbrella = dylib->parentUmbrella();
				if ( childInUmbrella != NULL ) {
					const char* myLeaf = strrchr(_options.installPath(), '/');
					if ( myLeaf != NULL ) {
						if ( strcmp(childInUmbrella, &myLeaf[1]) == 0 )
							isSubFramework = true;
					}
				}
				// LC_SUB_FRAMEWORK is in child, so do nothing in parent 
				if ( ! isSubFramework ) {
					// this dylib also needs a sub_x load command
					bool isFrameworkReExport = false;
					const char* lastSlash = strrchr(dylib->installPath(), '/');
					if ( lastSlash != NULL ) {
						char frameworkName[strlen(lastSlash)+20];
						sprintf(frameworkName, "/%s.framework/", &lastSlash[1]);
						isFrameworkReExport = (strstr(dylib->installPath(), frameworkName) != NULL);
					}
					if ( isFrameworkReExport ) {
						// needs a LC_SUB_UMBRELLA command
						_subUmbrellaNames.push_back(&lastSlash[1]);
					}
					else {
						// needs a LC_SUB_LIBRARY command
						const char* nameStart = &lastSlash[1];
						if ( lastSlash == NULL )
							nameStart = dylib->installPath();
						int len = strlen(nameStart);
						const char* dot = strchr(nameStart, '.');
						if ( dot != NULL )
							len = dot - nameStart;
						char* subLibName = new char[len+1];
						strlcpy(subLibName, nameStart, len+1);
						_subLibraryNames.push_back(subLibName);
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

template <typename A>
uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::alignedSize(uint32_t size)
{
	if ( sizeof(pint_t) == 4 )
		return ((size+3) & (-4));	// 4-byte align all load commands for 32-bit mach-o
	else
		return ((size+7) & (-8));	// 8-byte align all load commands for 64-bit mach-o
}


template <typename A>
unsigned int HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::nonHiddenSectionCount() const
{
	unsigned int count = 0;
	for (std::vector<ld::Internal::FinalSection*>::iterator it = _state.sections.begin(); it != _state.sections.end(); ++it) {
		if ( ! (*it)->isSectionHidden() && ((*it)->type() != ld::Section::typeTentativeDefs) )
			++count;
	}
	return count;
}

template <typename A>
unsigned int HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::segmentCount() const
{
	if ( _options.outputKind() == Options::kObjectFile ) {
		// .o files have one anonymous segment that contains all sections
		return 1;
	}
	
	unsigned int count = 0;
	const char* lastSegName = "";
	for (std::vector<ld::Internal::FinalSection*>::iterator it = _state.sections.begin(); it != _state.sections.end(); ++it) {
		if ( _options.outputKind() == Options::kPreload ) {
			if ( (*it)->type() == ld::Section::typeMachHeader )
				continue; // for -preload, don't put hidden __HEADER segment into output
			if ( (*it)->type() == ld::Section::typeLinkEdit )
				continue; // for -preload, don't put hidden __LINKEDIT segment into output
		}
		if ( strcmp(lastSegName, (*it)->segmentName()) != 0 ) {
			lastSegName = (*it)->segmentName();
			++count;
		}
	}
	return count;
}


template <typename A>
uint64_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::size() const
{
	uint32_t sz = sizeof(macho_header<P>);
	
	sz += sizeof(macho_segment_command<P>) * this->segmentCount();
	sz += sizeof(macho_section<P>) * this->nonHiddenSectionCount();

	if ( _hasDylibIDLoadCommand )
		sz += alignedSize(sizeof(macho_dylib_command<P>) + strlen(_options.installPath()) + 1);
		
	if ( _hasDyldInfoLoadCommand )
		sz += sizeof(macho_dyld_info_command<P>);
	
	if ( _hasSymbolTableLoadCommand )
		sz += sizeof(macho_symtab_command<P>);
		
	if ( _hasDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand )
		sz += sizeof(macho_dysymtab_command<P>);
	
	if ( _hasDyldLoadCommand )
		sz += alignedSize(sizeof(macho_dylinker_command<P>) + strlen(_options.dyldInstallPath()) + 1);

	if ( _hasRoutinesLoadCommand ) 
		sz += sizeof(macho_routines_command<P>);
		
	if ( _hasUUIDLoadCommand )
		sz += sizeof(macho_uuid_command<P>);

	if ( _hasVersionLoadCommand )
		sz += sizeof(macho_version_min_command<P>);
		
	if ( _hasThreadLoadCommand )
		sz += this->threadLoadCommandSize();
		
	if ( _hasEncryptionLoadCommand )
		sz += sizeof(macho_encryption_info_command<P>);

	if ( _hasSplitSegInfoLoadCommand )
		sz += sizeof(macho_linkedit_data_command<P>);
	
	for(uint32_t ord=1; ord <= _writer.dylibCount(); ++ord) {
		sz += alignedSize(sizeof(macho_dylib_command<P>) + strlen(_writer.dylibByOrdinal(ord)->installPath()) + 1);
	}
	
	if ( _hasRPathLoadCommands ) {
		const std::vector<const char*>& rpaths = _options.rpaths();
		for (std::vector<const char*>::const_iterator it = rpaths.begin(); it != rpaths.end(); ++it) {
			sz += alignedSize(sizeof(macho_rpath_command<P>) + strlen(*it) + 1);
		}
	}
	
	if ( _hasSubFrameworkLoadCommand )
		sz += alignedSize(sizeof(macho_sub_framework_command<P>) + strlen(_options.umbrellaName()) + 1);
	
	for (std::vector<const char*>::const_iterator it = _subLibraryNames.begin(); it != _subLibraryNames.end(); ++it) {
		sz += alignedSize(sizeof(macho_sub_library_command<P>) + strlen(*it) + 1);
	}

	for (std::vector<const char*>::const_iterator it = _subUmbrellaNames.begin(); it != _subUmbrellaNames.end(); ++it) {
		sz += alignedSize(sizeof(macho_sub_umbrella_command<P>) + strlen(*it) + 1);
	}

	if ( _allowableClientLoadCommmandsCount != 0 ) {
		const std::vector<const char*>& clients = _options.allowableClients();
		for (std::vector<const char*>::const_iterator it = clients.begin(); it != clients.end(); ++it) {
			sz += alignedSize(sizeof(macho_sub_client_command<P>) + strlen(*it) + 1);
		}
	}
	
	if ( _dyldEnvironExrasCount != 0 ) {
		const std::vector<const char*>& extras = _options.dyldEnvironExtras();
		for (std::vector<const char*>::const_iterator it = extras.begin(); it != extras.end(); ++it) {
			sz += alignedSize(sizeof(macho_dylinker_command<P>) + strlen(*it) + 1);
		}
	}

	if ( _hasFunctionStartsLoadCommand )
		sz += sizeof(macho_linkedit_data_command<P>);

	return sz;
}

template <typename A>
uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::commandsCount() const
{
	uint32_t count = this->segmentCount();
	
	if ( _hasDylibIDLoadCommand )
		++count;
		
	if ( _hasDyldInfoLoadCommand )
		++count;
	
	if ( _hasSymbolTableLoadCommand )
		++count;
		
	if ( _hasDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand )
		++count;
	
	if ( _hasDyldLoadCommand )
		++count;
		
	if ( _hasRoutinesLoadCommand ) 
		++count;
		
	if ( _hasUUIDLoadCommand )
		++count;
	
	if ( _hasVersionLoadCommand )
		++count;

	if ( _hasThreadLoadCommand )
		++count;
		
	if ( _hasEncryptionLoadCommand )
		++count;
	
	if ( _hasSplitSegInfoLoadCommand )
		++count;
	
	count += _dylibLoadCommmandsCount;

	count += _options.rpaths().size();
	
	if ( _hasSubFrameworkLoadCommand )
		++count;
	
	count += _subLibraryNames.size();
	
	count += _subUmbrellaNames.size();

	count += _allowableClientLoadCommmandsCount;
	
	count += _dyldEnvironExrasCount;
	
	if ( _hasFunctionStartsLoadCommand )
		++count;

	return count;
}

template <typename A>
uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::fileType() const
{
	switch ( _options.outputKind() ) {
		case Options::kDynamicExecutable:
		case Options::kStaticExecutable:
			return MH_EXECUTE;
		case Options::kDynamicLibrary:
			return MH_DYLIB;
		case Options::kDynamicBundle:
			return MH_BUNDLE;
		case Options::kObjectFile:
			return MH_OBJECT;
		case Options::kDyld:
			return MH_DYLINKER;
		case Options::kPreload:
			return MH_PRELOAD;
		case Options::kKextBundle:
			return MH_KEXT_BUNDLE;
	}
	throw "unknonwn mach-o file type";
}

template <typename A>
uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::flags() const
{
	uint32_t bits = 0;
	if ( _options.outputKind() == Options::kObjectFile ) {
		if ( _state.allObjectFilesScatterable )
			bits = MH_SUBSECTIONS_VIA_SYMBOLS;
	}
	else {
		if ( _options.outputKind() == Options::kStaticExecutable ) {
			bits |= MH_NOUNDEFS;
		}
		else if ( _options.outputKind() == Options::kPreload ) {
			bits |= MH_NOUNDEFS;
			if ( _options.positionIndependentExecutable() ) 
				bits |= MH_PIE;
		}
		else {
			bits = MH_DYLDLINK;
			switch ( _options.nameSpace() ) {
				case Options::kTwoLevelNameSpace:
					bits |= MH_TWOLEVEL | MH_NOUNDEFS;
					break;
				case Options::kFlatNameSpace:
					break;
				case Options::kForceFlatNameSpace:
					bits |= MH_FORCE_FLAT;
					break;
			}
			if ( _writer.hasWeakExternalSymbols || _writer.overridesWeakExternalSymbols )
				bits |= MH_WEAK_DEFINES;
			if ( _writer.usesWeakExternalSymbols || _writer.hasWeakExternalSymbols )
				bits |= MH_BINDS_TO_WEAK;
			if ( _options.prebind() )
				bits |= MH_PREBOUND;
			if ( _options.splitSeg() )
				bits |= MH_SPLIT_SEGS;
			if ( (_options.outputKind() == Options::kDynamicLibrary) 
					&& _writer._noReExportedDylibs 
					&& _options.useSimplifiedDylibReExports() ) {
				bits |= MH_NO_REEXPORTED_DYLIBS;
			}
			if ( _options.positionIndependentExecutable() && ! _writer.pieDisabled ) 
				bits |= MH_PIE;
			if ( _options.markAutoDeadStripDylib() ) 
				bits |= MH_DEAD_STRIPPABLE_DYLIB;
			if ( _writer.hasThreadLocalVariableDefinitions )
				bits |= MH_HAS_TLV_DESCRIPTORS;
			if ( _options.hasNonExecutableHeap() )
				bits |= MH_NO_HEAP_EXECUTION;
		}
		if ( _options.hasExecutableStack() )
			bits |= MH_ALLOW_STACK_EXECUTION;
	}
	return bits;
}

template <> uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<x86>::magic() const		{ return MH_MAGIC; }
template <> uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<x86_64>::magic() const	{ return MH_MAGIC_64; }
template <> uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<arm>::magic() const		{ return MH_MAGIC; }

template <> uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<x86>::cpuType() const	{ return CPU_TYPE_I386; }
template <> uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<x86_64>::cpuType() const	{ return CPU_TYPE_X86_64; }
template <> uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<arm>::cpuType() const	{ return CPU_TYPE_ARM; }



template <>
uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<x86>::cpuSubType() const
{
	return CPU_SUBTYPE_I386_ALL;
}

template <>
uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<x86_64>::cpuSubType() const
{
	if ( (_options.outputKind() == Options::kDynamicExecutable) && (_options.macosxVersionMin() >= ld::mac10_5) )
		return (CPU_SUBTYPE_X86_64_ALL | 0x80000000);
	else
		return CPU_SUBTYPE_X86_64_ALL;
}

template <>
uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<arm>::cpuSubType() const
{
	return _state.cpuSubType;
}



template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copySingleSegmentLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	// in .o files there is just one segment load command with a blank name
	// and all sections under it
	macho_segment_command<P>* cmd = (macho_segment_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(macho_segment_command<P>::CMD);
	cmd->set_segname("");
	cmd->set_vmaddr(_options.baseAddress());	
	cmd->set_vmsize(0);		// updated after sections set
	cmd->set_fileoff(0);	// updated after sections set
	cmd->set_filesize(0);	// updated after sections set
	cmd->set_maxprot(VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE | VM_PROT_EXECUTE);
	cmd->set_initprot(VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE | VM_PROT_EXECUTE);
	cmd->set_nsects(this->nonHiddenSectionCount());
	cmd->set_flags(0);
	// add sections array
	macho_section<P>* msect = (macho_section<P>*)&p[sizeof(macho_segment_command<P>)];
	for (std::vector<ld::Internal::FinalSection*>::iterator sit = _state.sections.begin(); sit != _state.sections.end(); ++sit)  {
		ld::Internal::FinalSection* fsect = *sit;
		if ( fsect->isSectionHidden() ) 
			continue;
		if ( fsect->type() == ld::Section::typeTentativeDefs ) 
			continue;
		msect->set_sectname(fsect->sectionName());
		msect->set_segname(fsect->segmentName());
		msect->set_addr(fsect->address);
		msect->set_size(fsect->size);
		msect->set_offset(fsect->fileOffset);
		msect->set_align(fsect->alignment);
		msect->set_reloff((fsect->relocCount == 0) ? 0 : _writer.sectionRelocationsSection->fileOffset + fsect->relocStart * sizeof(macho_relocation_info<P>));
		msect->set_nreloc(fsect->relocCount);
		msect->set_flags(sectionFlags(fsect));
		msect->set_reserved1(fsect->indirectSymTabStartIndex);	
		msect->set_reserved2(fsect->indirectSymTabElementSize);	
		// update segment info
		if ( cmd->fileoff() == 0 )
			cmd->set_fileoff(fsect->fileOffset);
		cmd->set_vmsize(fsect->address + fsect->size - cmd->vmaddr());
		if ( (fsect->type() != ld::Section::typeZeroFill) && (fsect->type() != ld::Section::typeTentativeDefs) )
			cmd->set_filesize(fsect->fileOffset + fsect->size - cmd->fileoff());
		++msect;
	}
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_segment_command<P>) + cmd->nsects()*sizeof(macho_section<P>));
	return p + cmd->cmdsize();
}

struct SegInfo {
												SegInfo(const char* n, const Options&);
	const char*									segName;
	uint32_t									nonHiddenSectionCount;
	uint32_t									maxProt;
	uint32_t									initProt;
	std::vector<ld::Internal::FinalSection*>	sections;
};


SegInfo::SegInfo(const char* n, const Options& opts) 
	: segName(n), nonHiddenSectionCount(0), maxProt(opts.maxSegProtection(n)), initProt(opts.initialSegProtection(n)) 
{ 
}


template <typename A>
uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::sectionFlags(ld::Internal::FinalSection* sect) const
{
	uint32_t bits;
	switch ( sect->type() ) {
		case ld::Section::typeUnclassified:
			if ( strcmp(sect->segmentName(), "__OBJC") == 0 )
				return S_REGULAR | S_ATTR_NO_DEAD_STRIP;
			else if ( (strcmp(sect->sectionName(), "__objc_classlist") == 0) && (strcmp(sect->segmentName(), "__DATA") == 0) )
				return S_REGULAR | S_ATTR_NO_DEAD_STRIP;
			else if ( (strcmp(sect->sectionName(), "__objc_catlist") == 0) && (strcmp(sect->segmentName(), "__DATA") == 0) )
				return S_REGULAR | S_ATTR_NO_DEAD_STRIP;
			else if ( (strncmp(sect->sectionName(), "__objc_superrefs", 16) == 0) && (strcmp(sect->segmentName(), "__DATA") == 0) )
				return S_REGULAR | S_ATTR_NO_DEAD_STRIP;
			else if ( (strncmp(sect->sectionName(), "__objc_nlclslist", 16) == 0) && (strcmp(sect->segmentName(), "__DATA") == 0) )
				return S_REGULAR | S_ATTR_NO_DEAD_STRIP;
			else
				return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeCode:
			bits = S_REGULAR | S_ATTR_SOME_INSTRUCTIONS | S_ATTR_PURE_INSTRUCTIONS;
			if ( sect->hasLocalRelocs && ! _writer.pieDisabled )
				bits |= S_ATTR_LOC_RELOC;
			if ( sect->hasExternalRelocs )
				bits |= S_ATTR_EXT_RELOC;
			return bits;
		case ld::Section::typePageZero:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeImportProxies:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeLinkEdit:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeMachHeader:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeStack:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeLiteral4:
			return S_4BYTE_LITERALS;
		case ld::Section::typeLiteral8:
			return S_8BYTE_LITERALS;
		case ld::Section::typeLiteral16:
			return S_16BYTE_LITERALS;
		case ld::Section::typeConstants:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeTempLTO:
			assert(0 && "typeTempLTO should not make it to final linked image");
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeAbsoluteSymbols:
			assert(0 && "typeAbsoluteSymbols should not make it to final linked image");
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeCString:
		case ld::Section::typeNonStdCString:
			return S_CSTRING_LITERALS;
		case ld::Section::typeCStringPointer:
			return S_LITERAL_POINTERS | S_ATTR_NO_DEAD_STRIP;
		case ld::Section::typeUTF16Strings:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeCFString:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeObjC1Classes:
			return S_REGULAR | S_ATTR_NO_DEAD_STRIP;
		case ld::Section::typeCFI:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeLSDA:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeDtraceDOF:
			return S_DTRACE_DOF;
		case ld::Section::typeUnwindInfo:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeObjCClassRefs:
		case ld::Section::typeObjC2CategoryList:
			return S_REGULAR | S_ATTR_NO_DEAD_STRIP;
		case ld::Section::typeZeroFill:
			if ( _options.optimizeZeroFill() )
				return S_ZEROFILL;
			else
				return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeTentativeDefs:
			assert(0 && "typeTentativeDefs should not make it to final linked image");
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeLazyPointer:
		case ld::Section::typeLazyPointerClose:
			return S_LAZY_SYMBOL_POINTERS;
		case ld::Section::typeStubClose:
		case ld::Section::typeStub:
			if ( sect->hasLocalRelocs )
				return S_SYMBOL_STUBS | S_ATTR_SOME_INSTRUCTIONS | S_ATTR_PURE_INSTRUCTIONS | S_ATTR_LOC_RELOC;
			else
				return S_SYMBOL_STUBS | S_ATTR_SOME_INSTRUCTIONS | S_ATTR_PURE_INSTRUCTIONS;
		case ld::Section::typeNonLazyPointer:
			return S_NON_LAZY_SYMBOL_POINTERS;
		case ld::Section::typeDyldInfo:
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeLazyDylibPointer:
			return S_LAZY_DYLIB_SYMBOL_POINTERS;
		case ld::Section::typeStubHelper:
			if ( sect->hasLocalRelocs )
				return S_REGULAR | S_ATTR_SOME_INSTRUCTIONS | S_ATTR_PURE_INSTRUCTIONS | S_ATTR_LOC_RELOC;
			else
				return S_REGULAR | S_ATTR_SOME_INSTRUCTIONS | S_ATTR_PURE_INSTRUCTIONS;
		case ld::Section::typeInitializerPointers:
			return S_MOD_INIT_FUNC_POINTERS;
		case ld::Section::typeTerminatorPointers:
			return S_MOD_TERM_FUNC_POINTERS;
		case ld::Section::typeTLVInitialValues:
			return S_THREAD_LOCAL_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeTLVZeroFill:
			return S_THREAD_LOCAL_ZEROFILL;
		case ld::Section::typeTLVDefs:
			return S_THREAD_LOCAL_VARIABLES;
		case ld::Section::typeTLVInitializerPointers:
			return S_THREAD_LOCAL_INIT_FUNCTION_POINTERS;
		case ld::Section::typeTLVPointers:
			return S_THREAD_LOCAL_VARIABLE_POINTERS;
		case ld::Section::typeFirstSection:
			assert(0 && "typeFirstSection should not make it to final linked image");
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeLastSection:
			assert(0 && "typeLastSection should not make it to final linked image");
			return S_REGULAR;
		case ld::Section::typeDebug:
			return S_REGULAR | S_ATTR_DEBUG;
	}
	return S_REGULAR;
}


template <typename A>
bool HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::sectionTakesNoDiskSpace(ld::Internal::FinalSection* sect) const
{
	switch ( sect->type() ) {
		case ld::Section::typeZeroFill:
		case ld::Section::typeTLVZeroFill:
			return _options.optimizeZeroFill();
		case ld::Section::typeAbsoluteSymbols:
		case ld::Section::typeTentativeDefs:
		case ld::Section::typeLastSection:
			return true;
		default:
			break;
	}
	return false;
}


template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copySegmentLoadCommands(uint8_t* p) const
{
	// group sections into segments
	std::vector<SegInfo> segs;
	const char* lastSegName = "";
	for (std::vector<ld::Internal::FinalSection*>::iterator it = _state.sections.begin(); it != _state.sections.end(); ++it) {
		ld::Internal::FinalSection* sect = *it;
		if ( _options.outputKind() == Options::kPreload ) {
			if ( (*it)->type() == ld::Section::typeMachHeader )
				continue; // for -preload, don't put hidden __HEADER segment into output
			if ( (*it)->type() == ld::Section::typeLinkEdit )
				continue; // for -preload, don't put hidden __LINKEDIT segment into output
		}
		if ( strcmp(lastSegName, sect->segmentName()) != 0 ) {
			SegInfo si(sect->segmentName(), _options);
			segs.push_back(si);
			lastSegName = sect->segmentName();
		}
		if ( ! sect->isSectionHidden() ) 
			segs.back().nonHiddenSectionCount++;
		segs.back().sections.push_back(sect);
	}
	// write out segment load commands for each section with trailing sections
	for (std::vector<SegInfo>::iterator it = segs.begin(); it != segs.end(); ++it) {
		SegInfo& si = *it;
		ld::Internal::FinalSection* lastNonZeroFillSection = NULL;
		for (int i=si.sections.size()-1; i >= 0; --i) {
			if ( !sectionTakesNoDiskSpace(si.sections[i]) ) {
				lastNonZeroFillSection = si.sections[i];
				break;
			}
		}
		uint64_t vmsize = si.sections.back()->address + si.sections.back()->size - si.sections.front()->address;
		vmsize = ((vmsize+_options.segmentAlignment()-1) & (-_options.segmentAlignment()));
		uint64_t filesize = 0;
		if ( lastNonZeroFillSection != NULL ) {
			filesize = lastNonZeroFillSection->address + lastNonZeroFillSection->size - si.sections.front()->address;
			// round up all segments to page aligned, except __LINKEDIT
			if ( (si.sections[0]->type() != ld::Section::typeLinkEdit) && (si.sections[0]->type() != ld::Section::typeImportProxies) )
				filesize = (filesize + _options.segmentAlignment()-1) & (-_options.segmentAlignment());
		}
		if ( si.sections.front()->type() == ld::Section::typePageZero )
			filesize = 0;
		else if ( si.sections.front()->type() == ld::Section::typeStack )
			filesize = 0;
		macho_segment_command<P>* segCmd = (macho_segment_command<P>*)p;
		segCmd->set_cmd(macho_segment_command<P>::CMD);
		segCmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_segment_command<P>) + si.nonHiddenSectionCount*sizeof(macho_section<P>));
		segCmd->set_segname(si.sections.front()->segmentName());
		segCmd->set_vmaddr(si.sections.front()->address);		
		segCmd->set_vmsize(vmsize);	
		segCmd->set_fileoff(si.sections.front()->fileOffset);
		segCmd->set_filesize(filesize); 
		segCmd->set_maxprot(si.maxProt);
		segCmd->set_initprot(si.initProt);
		segCmd->set_nsects(si.nonHiddenSectionCount);
		segCmd->set_flags(0);
		p += sizeof(macho_segment_command<P>);
		macho_section<P>* msect = (macho_section<P>*)p;
		for (std::vector<ld::Internal::FinalSection*>::iterator sit = si.sections.begin(); sit != si.sections.end(); ++sit) {
			ld::Internal::FinalSection* fsect = *sit;
			if ( ! fsect->isSectionHidden() ) {
				msect->set_sectname(fsect->sectionName());
				msect->set_segname(fsect->segmentName());
				msect->set_addr(fsect->address);
				msect->set_size(fsect->size);
				msect->set_offset(sectionTakesNoDiskSpace(fsect) ? 0 : fsect->fileOffset);
				msect->set_align(fsect->alignment);
				msect->set_reloff(0);		
				msect->set_nreloc(0);
				msect->set_flags(sectionFlags(fsect));
				msect->set_reserved1(fsect->indirectSymTabStartIndex);	
				msect->set_reserved2(fsect->indirectSymTabElementSize);	
				p += sizeof(macho_section<P>);
				++msect;
			}
		}
	}

	return p;
}


template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copySymbolTableLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	// build LC_SYMTAB command
	macho_symtab_command<P>*   symbolTableCmd = (macho_symtab_command<P>*)p;
	symbolTableCmd->set_cmd(LC_SYMTAB);
	symbolTableCmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_symtab_command<P>));
	symbolTableCmd->set_nsyms(_writer.symbolTableSection->size/sizeof(macho_nlist<P>));
	symbolTableCmd->set_symoff(_writer.symbolTableSection->size == 0 ? 0 : _writer.symbolTableSection->fileOffset);
	symbolTableCmd->set_stroff(_writer.stringPoolSection->size == 0 ? 0 : _writer.stringPoolSection->fileOffset );
	symbolTableCmd->set_strsize(_writer.stringPoolSection->size);
	return p + sizeof(macho_symtab_command<P>);
}

template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	// build LC_SYMTAB command
	macho_dysymtab_command<P>*   dynamicSymbolTableCmd = (macho_dysymtab_command<P>*)p;
	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_cmd(LC_DYSYMTAB);
	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_dysymtab_command<P>));
	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_ilocalsym(0);
	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_nlocalsym(_writer._localSymbolsCount);
	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_iextdefsym(dynamicSymbolTableCmd->ilocalsym()+dynamicSymbolTableCmd->nlocalsym());
	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_nextdefsym(_writer._globalSymbolsCount);
	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_iundefsym(dynamicSymbolTableCmd->iextdefsym()+dynamicSymbolTableCmd->nextdefsym());
	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_nundefsym(_writer._importSymbolsCount);

	// FIX ME: support for 10.3 dylibs which need modules
	//if ( fWriter.fModuleInfoAtom != NULL ) {
	//	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_tocoff(fWriter.fModuleInfoAtom->getTableOfContentsFileOffset());
	//	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_ntoc(fWriter.fSymbolTableExportCount);
	//	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_modtaboff(fWriter.fModuleInfoAtom->getModuleTableFileOffset());
	//	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_nmodtab(1);
	//	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_extrefsymoff(fWriter.fModuleInfoAtom->getReferencesFileOffset());
	//	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_nextrefsyms(fWriter.fModuleInfoAtom->getReferencesCount());
	//}

	bool hasIndirectSymbols = ( (_writer.indirectSymbolTableSection != NULL) && (_writer.indirectSymbolTableSection->size != 0) );
	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_indirectsymoff(hasIndirectSymbols ? _writer.indirectSymbolTableSection->fileOffset : 0);
	dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_nindirectsyms( hasIndirectSymbols ? _writer.indirectSymbolTableSection->size/sizeof(uint32_t) : 0);

	// FIX ME: support for classic relocations
	if ( _options.outputKind() != Options::kObjectFile ) {
		bool hasExternalRelocs = ( (_writer.externalRelocationsSection != NULL) && (_writer.externalRelocationsSection->size != 0) );
		dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_extreloff(hasExternalRelocs ? _writer.externalRelocationsSection->fileOffset : 0);
		dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_nextrel(  hasExternalRelocs ? _writer.externalRelocationsSection->size/8 : 0);
		bool hasLocalRelocs = ( (_writer.localRelocationsSection != NULL) && (_writer.localRelocationsSection->size != 0) );
		dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_locreloff(hasLocalRelocs ? _writer.localRelocationsSection->fileOffset : 0);
		dynamicSymbolTableCmd->set_nlocrel  (hasLocalRelocs ? _writer.localRelocationsSection->size/8 : 0);
	}
	return p + sizeof(macho_dysymtab_command<P>);
}


template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyDyldInfoLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	// build LC_DYLD_INFO command
	macho_dyld_info_command<P>*  cmd = (macho_dyld_info_command<P>*)p;
	
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_dyld_info_command<P>));
	if ( _writer.rebaseSection->size != 0 ) {
		cmd->set_rebase_off(_writer.rebaseSection->fileOffset);
		cmd->set_rebase_size(_writer.rebaseSection->size);
	}
	if ( _writer.bindingSection->size != 0 ) {
		cmd->set_bind_off(_writer.bindingSection->fileOffset);
		cmd->set_bind_size(_writer.bindingSection->size);
	}
	if ( _writer.weakBindingSection->size != 0 ) {
		cmd->set_weak_bind_off(_writer.weakBindingSection->fileOffset);
		cmd->set_weak_bind_size(_writer.weakBindingSection->size);
	}
	if ( _writer.lazyBindingSection->size != 0 ) {
		cmd->set_lazy_bind_off(_writer.lazyBindingSection->fileOffset);
		cmd->set_lazy_bind_size(_writer.lazyBindingSection->size);
	}
	if ( _writer.exportSection->size != 0 ) {
		cmd->set_export_off(_writer.exportSection->fileOffset);
		cmd->set_export_size(_writer.exportSection->size);
	}
	return p + sizeof(macho_dyld_info_command<P>);
}


template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyDyldLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	uint32_t sz = alignedSize(sizeof(macho_dylinker_command<P>) + strlen(_options.dyldInstallPath()) + 1);
	macho_dylinker_command<P>* cmd = (macho_dylinker_command<P>*)p;
	if ( _options.outputKind() == Options::kDyld )
		cmd->set_cmd(LC_ID_DYLINKER);
	else
		cmd->set_cmd(LC_LOAD_DYLINKER);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sz);
	cmd->set_name_offset();
	strcpy((char*)&p[sizeof(macho_dylinker_command<P>)], _options.dyldInstallPath());
	return p + sz;
}


template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyDylibIDLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	uint32_t sz = alignedSize(sizeof(macho_dylib_command<P>) + strlen(_options.installPath()) + 1);
	macho_dylib_command<P>* cmd = (macho_dylib_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_ID_DYLIB);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sz);
	cmd->set_name_offset();
	cmd->set_timestamp(1);	// needs to be some constant value that is different than DylibLoadCommandsAtom uses
	cmd->set_current_version(_options.currentVersion32());
	cmd->set_compatibility_version(_options.compatibilityVersion());
	strcpy((char*)&p[sizeof(macho_dylib_command<P>)], _options.installPath());
	return p + sz;
}

template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyRoutinesLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	pint_t initAddr = _state.entryPoint->finalAddress(); 
	if ( _state.entryPoint->isThumb() )
		initAddr |= 1ULL;
	macho_routines_command<P>* cmd = (macho_routines_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(macho_routines_command<P>::CMD);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_routines_command<P>));
	cmd->set_init_address(initAddr);
	return p + sizeof(macho_routines_command<P>);
}


template <typename A>
void HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::recopyUUIDCommand() 
{
	assert(_uuidCmdInOutputBuffer != NULL);
	_uuidCmdInOutputBuffer->set_uuid(_uuid);
}


template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyUUIDLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	macho_uuid_command<P>* cmd = (macho_uuid_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_UUID);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_uuid_command<P>));
	cmd->set_uuid(_uuid);
	_uuidCmdInOutputBuffer = cmd;	 // save for later re-write by recopyUUIDCommand()
	return p + sizeof(macho_uuid_command<P>);
}


template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyVersionLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	macho_version_min_command<P>* cmd = (macho_version_min_command<P>*)p;
	ld::MacVersionMin macVersion = _options.macosxVersionMin();
	ld::IOSVersionMin iOSVersion = _options.iOSVersionMin();
	assert( (macVersion != ld::macVersionUnset) || (iOSVersion != ld::iOSVersionUnset) );
	if ( macVersion != ld::macVersionUnset ) {
		cmd->set_cmd(LC_VERSION_MIN_MACOSX);
		cmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_version_min_command<P>));
		cmd->set_version((uint32_t)macVersion);
		cmd->set_sdk(0);
	}
	else {
		cmd->set_cmd(LC_VERSION_MIN_IPHONEOS);
		cmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_version_min_command<P>));
		cmd->set_version((uint32_t)iOSVersion);
		cmd->set_sdk(0);
	}
	return p + sizeof(macho_version_min_command<P>);
}



template <>
uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<x86>::threadLoadCommandSize() const
{
	return this->alignedSize(16 + 16*4);	// base size + i386_THREAD_STATE_COUNT * 4
}

template <>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<x86>::copyThreadsLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	assert(_state.entryPoint != NULL);
	pint_t start = _state.entryPoint->finalAddress(); 
	macho_thread_command<P>* cmd = (macho_thread_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_UNIXTHREAD);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(threadLoadCommandSize());
	cmd->set_flavor(1);				// i386_THREAD_STATE
	cmd->set_count(16);				// i386_THREAD_STATE_COUNT;
	cmd->set_thread_register(10, start);
	if ( _options.hasCustomStack() )
		cmd->set_thread_register(7, _options.customStackAddr());	// r1
	return p + threadLoadCommandSize();
}

template <>
uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<x86_64>::threadLoadCommandSize() const
{
	return this->alignedSize(16 + x86_THREAD_STATE64_COUNT * 4); 
}

template <>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<x86_64>::copyThreadsLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	assert(_state.entryPoint != NULL);
	pint_t start = _state.entryPoint->finalAddress(); 
	macho_thread_command<P>* cmd = (macho_thread_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_UNIXTHREAD);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(threadLoadCommandSize());
	cmd->set_flavor(x86_THREAD_STATE64);			
	cmd->set_count(x86_THREAD_STATE64_COUNT);	
	cmd->set_thread_register(16, start);		// rip 
	if ( _options.hasCustomStack() )
		cmd->set_thread_register(7, _options.customStackAddr());	// r1
	return p + threadLoadCommandSize();
}

template <>
uint32_t HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<arm>::threadLoadCommandSize() const
{
	return this->alignedSize(16 + 17 * 4); // base size + ARM_THREAD_STATE_COUNT * 4
}

template <>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<arm>::copyThreadsLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	assert(_state.entryPoint != NULL);
	pint_t start = _state.entryPoint->finalAddress(); 
	if ( _state.entryPoint->isThumb() )
		start |= 1ULL;
	macho_thread_command<P>* cmd = (macho_thread_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_UNIXTHREAD);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(threadLoadCommandSize());
	cmd->set_flavor(1);			
	cmd->set_count(17);	
	cmd->set_thread_register(15, start);		// pc
	if ( _options.hasCustomStack() )
		cmd->set_thread_register(13, _options.customStackAddr());	// sp
	return p + threadLoadCommandSize();
}

template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyEncryptionLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	macho_encryption_info_command<P>* cmd = (macho_encryption_info_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_encryption_info_command<P>));
	assert(_writer.encryptedTextStartOffset() != 0);
	assert(_writer.encryptedTextEndOffset() != 0);
	cmd->set_cryptoff(_writer.encryptedTextStartOffset());
	cmd->set_cryptsize(_writer.encryptedTextEndOffset()-_writer.encryptedTextStartOffset());
	cmd->set_cryptid(0);
	return p + sizeof(macho_encryption_info_command<P>);
}


template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copySplitSegInfoLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	macho_linkedit_data_command<P>* cmd = (macho_linkedit_data_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_SEGMENT_SPLIT_INFO);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_linkedit_data_command<P>));
	cmd->set_dataoff(_writer.splitSegInfoSection->fileOffset);
	cmd->set_datasize(_writer.splitSegInfoSection->size);
	return p + sizeof(macho_linkedit_data_command<P>);
}


template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyDylibLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const ld::dylib::File* dylib) const
{
	uint32_t sz = alignedSize(sizeof(macho_dylib_command<P>) + strlen(dylib->installPath()) + 1);
	macho_dylib_command<P>* cmd = (macho_dylib_command<P>*)p;
	if ( dylib->willBeLazyLoadedDylib() )
		cmd->set_cmd(LC_LAZY_LOAD_DYLIB);
	else if ( dylib->forcedWeakLinked() || dylib->allSymbolsAreWeakImported() )
		cmd->set_cmd(LC_LOAD_WEAK_DYLIB);
	else if ( dylib->willBeReExported() && _options.useSimplifiedDylibReExports() )
		cmd->set_cmd(LC_REEXPORT_DYLIB);
	else if ( dylib->willBeUpwardDylib() && _options.useUpwardDylibs() )
		cmd->set_cmd(LC_LOAD_UPWARD_DYLIB);
	else
		cmd->set_cmd(LC_LOAD_DYLIB);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sz);
	cmd->set_timestamp(2);	// needs to be some constant value that is different than DylibIDLoadCommandsAtom uses
	cmd->set_current_version(dylib->currentVersion());
	cmd->set_compatibility_version(dylib->compatibilityVersion());
	cmd->set_name_offset();
	strcpy((char*)&p[sizeof(macho_dylib_command<P>)], dylib->installPath());
	return p + sz;
}

template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyRPathLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const char* path) const
{
	uint32_t sz = alignedSize(sizeof(macho_rpath_command<P>) + strlen(path) + 1);
	macho_rpath_command<P>* cmd = (macho_rpath_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_RPATH);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sz);
	cmd->set_path_offset();
	strcpy((char*)&p[sizeof(macho_rpath_command<P>)], path);
	return p + sz;
}

template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copySubFrameworkLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	const char* umbrellaName = _options.umbrellaName();
	uint32_t sz = alignedSize(sizeof(macho_sub_framework_command<P>) + strlen(umbrellaName) + 1);
	macho_sub_framework_command<P>* cmd = (macho_sub_framework_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_SUB_FRAMEWORK);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sz);
	cmd->set_umbrella_offset();
	strcpy((char*)&p[sizeof(macho_sub_framework_command<P>)], umbrellaName);
	return p + sz;
}


template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyAllowableClientLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const char* client) const
{
	uint32_t sz = alignedSize(sizeof(macho_sub_client_command<P>) + strlen(client) + 1);
	macho_sub_client_command<P>* cmd = (macho_sub_client_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_SUB_CLIENT);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sz);
	cmd->set_client_offset();
	strcpy((char*)&p[sizeof(macho_sub_client_command<P>)], client);
	return p + sz;
}

template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyDyldEnvLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const char* env) const
{
	uint32_t sz = alignedSize(sizeof(macho_dylinker_command<P>) + strlen(env) + 1);
	macho_dylinker_command<P>* cmd = (macho_dylinker_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_DYLD_ENVIRONMENT);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sz);
	cmd->set_name_offset();
	strcpy((char*)&p[sizeof(macho_dylinker_command<P>)], env);
	return p + sz;
}

template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copySubUmbrellaLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const char* nm) const
{
	uint32_t sz = alignedSize(sizeof(macho_sub_umbrella_command<P>) + strlen(nm) + 1);
	macho_sub_umbrella_command<P>* cmd = (macho_sub_umbrella_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_SUB_UMBRELLA);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sz);
	cmd->set_sub_umbrella_offset();
	strcpy((char*)&p[sizeof(macho_sub_umbrella_command<P>)], nm);
	return p + sz;
}

template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copySubLibraryLoadCommand(uint8_t* p, const char* nm) const
{
	uint32_t sz = alignedSize(sizeof(macho_sub_library_command<P>) + strlen(nm) + 1);
	macho_sub_library_command<P>* cmd = (macho_sub_library_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_SUB_LIBRARY);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sz);
	cmd->set_sub_library_offset();
	strcpy((char*)&p[sizeof(macho_sub_library_command<P>)], nm);
	return p + sz;
}

template <typename A>
uint8_t* HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyFunctionStartsLoadCommand(uint8_t* p) const
{
	macho_linkedit_data_command<P>* cmd = (macho_linkedit_data_command<P>*)p;
	cmd->set_cmd(LC_FUNCTION_STARTS);
	cmd->set_cmdsize(sizeof(macho_linkedit_data_command<P>));
	cmd->set_dataoff(_writer.functionStartsSection->fileOffset);
	cmd->set_datasize(_writer.functionStartsSection->size);
	return p + sizeof(macho_linkedit_data_command<P>);
}


template <typename A>
void HeaderAndLoadCommandsAtom<A>::copyRawContent(uint8_t buffer[]) const
{
	macho_header<P>* mh = (macho_header<P>*)buffer;
	bzero(buffer, this->size());

	// copy mach_header
	mh->set_magic(this->magic());
	mh->set_cputype(this->cpuType());
	mh->set_cpusubtype(this->cpuSubType());
	mh->set_filetype(this->fileType());
	mh->set_ncmds(this->commandsCount());
	mh->set_sizeofcmds(this->size()-sizeof(macho_header<P>));
	mh->set_flags(this->flags());

	// copy load commands
	uint8_t* p = &buffer[sizeof(macho_header<P>)];
	
	if ( _options.outputKind() == Options::kObjectFile )
		p = this->copySingleSegmentLoadCommand(p);
	else
		p = this->copySegmentLoadCommands(p);
	
	if ( _hasDylibIDLoadCommand )
		p = this->copyDylibIDLoadCommand(p);
		
	if ( _hasDyldInfoLoadCommand )
		p = this->copyDyldInfoLoadCommand(p);
		
	if ( _hasSymbolTableLoadCommand )
		p = this->copySymbolTableLoadCommand(p);

	if ( _hasDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand )
		p = this->copyDynamicSymbolTableLoadCommand(p);
	
	if ( _hasDyldLoadCommand )
		p = this->copyDyldLoadCommand(p);
		
	if ( _hasRoutinesLoadCommand ) 
		p = this->copyRoutinesLoadCommand(p);
		
	if ( _hasUUIDLoadCommand )
		p = this->copyUUIDLoadCommand(p);
	
	if ( _hasVersionLoadCommand )
		p = this->copyVersionLoadCommand(p);

	if ( _hasThreadLoadCommand )
		p = this->copyThreadsLoadCommand(p);
		
	if ( _hasEncryptionLoadCommand )
		p = this->copyEncryptionLoadCommand(p);
	
	if ( _hasSplitSegInfoLoadCommand )
		p = this->copySplitSegInfoLoadCommand(p);
		
	for(uint32_t ord=1; ord <= _writer.dylibCount(); ++ord) {
		p = this->copyDylibLoadCommand(p, _writer.dylibByOrdinal(ord));
	}

	if ( _hasRPathLoadCommands ) {
		const std::vector<const char*>& rpaths = _options.rpaths();
		for (std::vector<const char*>::const_iterator it = rpaths.begin(); it != rpaths.end(); ++it) {
			p = this->copyRPathLoadCommand(p, *it);
		}
	}
	
	if ( _hasSubFrameworkLoadCommand )
		p = this->copySubFrameworkLoadCommand(p);
	
	for (std::vector<const char*>::const_iterator it = _subLibraryNames.begin(); it != _subLibraryNames.end(); ++it) {
		p = this->copySubLibraryLoadCommand(p, *it);
	}
	
	for (std::vector<const char*>::const_iterator it = _subUmbrellaNames.begin(); it != _subUmbrellaNames.end(); ++it) {
		p = this->copySubUmbrellaLoadCommand(p, *it);
	}
	
	if ( _allowableClientLoadCommmandsCount != 0 ) {
		const std::vector<const char*>& clients = _options.allowableClients();
		for (std::vector<const char*>::const_iterator it = clients.begin(); it != clients.end(); ++it) {
			p = this->copyAllowableClientLoadCommand(p, *it);
		}
	}

	if ( _dyldEnvironExrasCount != 0 ) {
		const std::vector<const char*>& extras = _options.dyldEnvironExtras();
		for (std::vector<const char*>::const_iterator it = extras.begin(); it != extras.end(); ++it) {
			p = this->copyDyldEnvLoadCommand(p, *it);
		}
	}

	if ( _hasFunctionStartsLoadCommand )
		p = this->copyFunctionStartsLoadCommand(p);
		
}



} // namespace tool 
} // namespace ld 

#endif // __HEADER_LOAD_COMMANDS_HPP__