+ * _MBCSHeader.version 5 is optional and not backward-compatible
+ * (as usual for changes in the major version field).
+ *
+ * Versions 5.m work like versions 4.m except:
+ * - The _MBCSHeader has variable length (and is always longer than in version 4).
+ * See the struct _MBCSHeader further description below.
+ * - There is a set of flags which indicate further incompatible changes.
+ * (Reader code must reject the file if it does not recognize them all.)
+ * - In particular, one of these flags indicates that most of the fromUnicode
+ * data is missing and must be reconstituted from the toUnicode data
+ * and from the utf8Friendly mbcsIndex at load time.
+ * (This only works with a utf8Friendly table.)
+ * In this case, makeconv may increase maxFastUChar automatically to U+FFFF.
+ *
+ * The first of these versions is 5.3, which is like 4.3 except for the differences above.
+ *
+ * When possible, makeconv continues to generate version 4.m files.
+ *
+ * _MBCSHeader.version 5.4/4.4 supports "good one-way" mappings (|4)
+ * in the extension tables (fromUTableValues bit 30). See ucnv_ext.h for details.
+ *
+ * _MBCSHeader.version 4.3 optionally modifies the fromUnicode data structures
+ * slightly and optionally adds a table for conversion to MBCS (non-SBCS)
+ * charsets.
+ *
+ * The modifications are to make the data utf8Friendly. Not every 4.3 file
+ * file contains utf8Friendly data.
+ * It is utf8Friendly if _MBCSHeader.version[2]!=0.
+ * In this case, the data structures are utf8Friendly up to the code point
+ * maxFastUChar=((_MBCSHeader.version[2]<<8)|0xff)
+ *
+ * A utf8Friendly file has fromUnicode stage 3 entries for code points up to
+ * maxFastUChar allocated in blocks of 64 for indexing with the 6 bits from
+ * a UTF-8 trail byte. ASCII is allocated linearly with 128 contiguous entries.
+ *
+ * In addition, a utf8Friendly MBCS file contains an additional
+ * uint16_t mbcsIndex[(maxFastUChar+1)>>6];
+ * which replaces the stage 1 and 2 tables for indexing with bits from the
+ * UTF-8 lead byte and middle trail byte. Unlike the older MBCS stage 2 table,
+ * the mbcsIndex does not contain roundtrip flags. Therefore, all fallbacks
+ * from code points up to maxFastUChar (and roundtrips to 0x00) are moved to
+ * the extension data structure. This also allows for faster roundtrip
+ * conversion from UTF-16.
+ *
+ * SBCS files do not contain an additional sbcsIndex[] array because the
+ * proportional size increase would be noticeable, but the runtime
+ * code builds one for the code point range for which the runtime conversion
+ * code is optimized.
+ *
+ * For SBCS, maxFastUChar should be at least U+0FFF. The initial makeconv
+ * implementation sets it to U+1FFF. Because the sbcsIndex is not stored in
+ * the file, a larger maxFastUChar only affects stage 3 block allocation size
+ * and is free in empty blocks. (Larger blocks with sparse contents cause larger
+ * files.) U+1FFF includes almost all of the small scripts.
+ * U+0FFF covers UTF-8 two-byte sequences and three-byte sequences starting with
+ * 0xe0. This includes most scripts with legacy SBCS charsets.
+ * The initial runtime implementation using 4.3 files only builds an sbcsIndex
+ * for code points up to U+0FFF.
+ *
+ * For MBCS, maxFastUChar should be at least U+D7FF (=initial value).
+ * This boundary is convenient because practically all of the commonly used
+ * characters are below it, and because it is the boundary to surrogate
+ * code points, above which special handling is necessary anyway.
+ * (Surrogate pair assembly for UTF-16, validity checking for UTF-8.)
+ *
+ * maxFastUChar could be up to U+FFFF to cover the whole BMP, which could be
+ * useful especially for conversion from UTF-8 when the input can be assumed
+ * to be valid, because the surrogate range would then not have to be
+ * checked.
+ * (With maxFastUChar=0xffff, makeconv would have to check for mbcsIndex value
+ * overflow because with the all-unassigned block 0 and nearly full mappings
+ * from the BMP it is theoretically possible that an index into stage 3
+ * exceeds 16 bits.)
+ *