X-Git-Url: https://git.saurik.com/wxWidgets.git/blobdiff_plain/c6427d4da424cadbea08b70e964ab1a93246f67d..a25a17732c2d4d34d5d35a5318053dd8c6e29722:/docs/doxygen/overviews/thread.h?ds=sidebyside diff --git a/docs/doxygen/overviews/thread.h b/docs/doxygen/overviews/thread.h index 08327e2993..4880efbeea 100644 --- a/docs/doxygen/overviews/thread.h +++ b/docs/doxygen/overviews/thread.h @@ -6,12 +6,20 @@ // Licence: wxWindows license ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +/* + NOTE: we explicitely don't name wxMutexGUIEnter() and wxMutexGUILeave() + as they're not safe. See also ticket #10366. +*/ + /** -@page overview_thread Multithreading +@page overview_thread Multithreading Overview Classes: wxThread, wxThreadHelper, wxMutex, wxCriticalSection, wxCondition, wxSemaphore + +@section overview_thread_intro When to use multiple threads + wxWidgets provides a complete set of classes encapsulating objects necessary in multithreaded (MT) programs: the wxThread class itself and different synchronization objects: mutexes (see wxMutex) and critical sections (see @@ -20,31 +28,37 @@ wxWidgets resembles to POSIX1.c threads API (a.k.a. pthreads), although several functions have different names and some features inspired by Win32 thread API are there as well. -These classes will hopefully make writing MT programs easier and they also -provide some extra error checking (compared to the native (be it Win32 or -Posix) thread API), however it is still a non-trivial undertaking especially -for large projects. Before starting an MT application (or starting to add MT +These classes hopefully make writing MT programs easier and they also +provide some extra error checking (compared to the native - be it Win32 or +Posix - thread API), however it is still a non-trivial undertaking especially +for large projects. +Before starting an MT application (or starting to add MT features to an existing one) it is worth asking oneself if there is no easier -and safer way to implement the same functionality. Of course, in some -situations threads really make sense (classical example is a server application -which launches a new thread for each new client), but in others it might be an -overkill. On the other hand, the recent evolution of the computer hardware shows +and safer way to implement the same functionality. +Of course, in some situations threads really make sense (classical example is a +server application which launches a new thread for each new client), but in others +it might be an overkill. +On the other hand, the recent evolution of the computer hardware shows an important trend towards multi-core systems, which are better exploited using multiple threads (e.g. you may want to split a long task among as many threads as many CPU (cores) the system reports; see wxThread::GetCPUCount). -To implement non-blocking operations without using multiple threads you have -two other possible implementation choices: -- using wxIdleEvent (e.g. to perform a long calculation while updating a progress dialog) -- simply do everything at once but call wxWindow::Update() periodically to update the screen. +To implement non-blocking operations @e without using multiple threads you have +two possible implementation choices: +- use wxIdleEvent (e.g. to perform a long calculation while updating a progress dialog) +- do everything at once but call wxWindow::Update() or wxApp::YieldFor(wxEVT_CATEGORY_UI) + periodically to update the screen. +If instead you choose to use threads in your application, please read also +the following sections of this overview. -Even if there are the ::wxMutexGuiEnter and ::wxMutexGuiLeave functions which allows -to use GUI functions from multiple threads, if you do decide to use threads in your -application, it is strongly recommended that no more than one calls GUI functions. +@section overview_thread_notes Important notes for multithreaded applications + +When writing a multi-threaded application, it is strongly recommended +that no secondary threads call GUI functions. The design which uses one GUI thread and several worker threads which communicate with the main one using @b events is much more robust and will undoubtedly save you countless problems (example: under Win32 a thread can only access GDI objects such -as pens, brushes, c created by itself and not by the other threads). +as pens, brushes, device contexts created by itself and not by the other threads). For communication between secondary threads and the main thread, you may use wxEvtHandler::QueueEvent or its short version ::wxQueueEvent. These functions @@ -55,6 +69,19 @@ synchronization classes to implement the solution which suits your needs yourself. In particular, please note that it is not enough to derive your class from wxThread and wxEvtHandler to send messages to it: in fact, this does not work at all. +You're instead encouraged to use wxThreadHelper as it greatly simplifies the +communication and the sharing of resources. + +You should also look at the wxThread docs for important notes about secondary +threads and their deletion. + +Last, remember that if wxEventLoopBase::YieldFor() is used directly or indirectly +(e.g. through wxProgressDialog) in your code, then you may have both re-entrancy +problems and also problems caused by the processing of events out of order. +To resolve the last problem wxThreadEvent can be used: thanks to its implementation +of the wxThreadEvent::GetEventCategory function wxThreadEvent classes in fact +do not get processed by wxEventLoopBase::YieldFor() unless you specify the +@c wxEVT_CATEGORY_THREAD flag. See also the @sample{thread} for a sample showing some simple interactions between the main and secondary threads.