X-Git-Url: https://git.saurik.com/wxWidgets.git/blobdiff_plain/9005a56e5eedb4d032b05b5832633e700c6f0aba..2861eaee452dfef7aeaca2685be663db4e07510e:/docs/latex/wx/tnoneng.tex diff --git a/docs/latex/wx/tnoneng.tex b/docs/latex/wx/tnoneng.tex index 1ea38c589a..56e9147833 100644 --- a/docs/latex/wx/tnoneng.tex +++ b/docs/latex/wx/tnoneng.tex @@ -1,53 +1,164 @@ \section{Writing non-English applications}\label{nonenglishoverview} This article describes how to write applications that communicate with -user in language other than English. Unfortunately many languages use +the user in a language other than English. Unfortunately many languages use different charsets under Unix and Windows (and other platforms, to make -situation even more complicated). These charsets usually differ in so -many characters it is impossible to use same texts under all platforms. -wxWindows provide mechanism that helps you avoid distributing many +the situation even more complicated). These charsets usually differ in so +many characters that it is impossible to use the same texts under all +platforms. + +The wxWidgets library provides a mechanism that helps you avoid distributing many identical, only differently encoded, packages with your application (e.g. help files and menu items in iso8859-13 and windows-1257). Thanks -to this mechanism you can distribute only let's say iso8859-13 data +to this mechanism you can, for example, distribute only iso8859-13 data and it will be handled transparently under all systems. -Please read \helpref{Internationalization}\label{internationalization} which -describes locales concept. +Please read \helpref{Internationalization}{internationalization} which +describes the locales concept. -Whereever in the following text {\it iso8859-2} and {\it windows-1250} are +In the following text, wherever {\it iso8859-2} and {\it windows-1250} are used, any encodings are meant and any encodings may be substituted there. - \wxheading{Locales} -TODO +The best way to ensure correctly displayed texts in a GUI across platforms +is to use locales. Write your in-code messages in English or without +diacritics and put real messages into the message catalog (see +\helpref{Internationalization}{internationalization}). -\wxheading{Converting data} +A standard .po file begins with a header like this: + +\begin{verbatim} +# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. +# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 1999-02-19 16:03+0100\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING\n" +\end{verbatim} -before storing / after loading +Note this particular line: -TODO +\begin{verbatim} +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n" +\end{verbatim} + +It specifies the charset used by the catalog. All strings in the catalog +are encoded using this charset. + +You have to fill in proper charset information. Your .po file may look like this +after doing so: + +\begin{verbatim} +# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. +# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 1999-02-19 16:03+0100\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso8859-2\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +\end{verbatim} + +(Make sure that the header is {\bf not} marked as {\it fuzzy}.) + +wxWidgets is able to use this catalog under any supported platform +(although iso8859-2 is a Unix encoding and is normally not understood by +Windows). + +How is this done? When you tell the wxLocale class to load a message catalog that +contains a correct header, it checks the charset. The catalog is then converted +to the charset used (see +\helpref{wxLocale::GetSystemEncoding}{wxlocalegetsystemencoding} and +\helpref{wxLocale::GetSystemEncodingName}{wxlocalegetsystemencodingname}) by +the user's operating system. This is the default behaviour of the +\helpref{wxLocale}{wxlocale} class; you can disable it by {\bf not} passing +{\tt wxLOCALE\_CONV\_ENCODING} to \helpref{wxLocale::Init}{wxlocaleinit}. + +\wxheading{Non-English strings or 8-bit characters in the source code} + +By convention, you should only use characters without diacritics (i.e. 7-bit +ASCII strings) for msgids in the source code and write them in English. + +If you port software to wxWindows, you may be confronted with legacy source +code containing non-English string literals. Instead of translating the strings +in the source code to English and putting the original strings into message +catalog, you may configure wxWidgets to use non-English msgids and translate to +English using message catalogs: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item{If you use the program {\tt xgettext} to extract the strings from +the source code, specify the option {\tt --from-code=}.} +\item{Specify the source code language and charset as arguments to +\helpref{wxLocale::AddCatalog}{wxlocaleaddcatalog}. For example: +\begin{verbatim} +locale.AddCatalog(_T("myapp"), + wxLANGUAGE_GERMAN, _T("iso-8859-1")); +\end{verbatim} +} +\end{enumerate} \wxheading{Font mapping} -TODO +You can use \helpref{wxMBConv classes}{mbconvclasses} and +\helpref{wxFontMapper}{wxfontmapper} to display text: + +\begin{verbatim} +if (!wxFontMapper::Get()->IsEncodingAvailable(enc, facename)) +{ + wxFontEncoding alternative; + if (wxFontMapper::Get()->GetAltForEncoding(enc, &alternative, + facename, false)) + { + wxCSConv convFrom(wxFontMapper::Get()->GetEncodingName(enc)); + wxCSConv convTo(wxFontMapper::Get()->GetEncodingName(alternative)); + text = wxString(text.mb_str(convFrom), convTo); + } + else + ...failure (or we may try iso8859-1/7bit ASCII)... +} +...display text... +\end{verbatim} + +\wxheading{Converting data} + +You may want to store all program data (created documents etc.) in +the same encoding, let's say {\tt utf-8}. You can use +\helpref{wxCSConv}{wxcsconv} class to convert data to the encoding used by the +system your application is running on (see +\helpref{wxLocale::GetSystemEncoding}{wxlocalegetsystemencoding}). \wxheading{Help files} If you're using \helpref{wxHtmlHelpController}{wxhtmlhelpcontroller} there is -no problem at all. You must only make sure that all HTML files contain -META tag, e.g. +no problem at all. You only need to make sure that all the HTML files contain +the META tag, e.g. \begin{verbatim} - + \end{verbatim} -and that hhp project file contains one additional line in {\tt OPTIONS} +and that the hhp project file contains one additional line in the {\tt OPTIONS} section: \begin{verbatim} Charset=iso8859-2 \end{verbatim} -This additional entry tells HTML help controller what encoding is used +This additional entry tells the HTML help controller what encoding is used in contents and index tables. +