\item A 486 or higher PC running MS Windows.
\item A Windows compiler: most are supported, but please see {\tt install.txt} for
details. Supported compilers include Microsoft Visual C++ 4.0 or higher, Borland C++, Cygwin,
-Metrowerks CodeWarrior.
+MinGW, Metrowerks CodeWarrior.
\item At least 60 MB of disk space.
\end{enumerate}
\begin{enumerate}\itemsep=0pt
\item Almost any C++ compiler, including GNU C++ (EGCS 1.1.1 or above).
-\item Almost any Unix workstation, and one of: GTK+ 1.2, Motif 1.2 or higher, Lesstif.
+\item Almost any Unix workstation, and one of: GTK+ 1.2, GTK+ 2.0, Motif 1.2 or higher, Lesstif.
+If using the wxX11 port, no such widget set is required.
\item At least 60 MB of disk space.
\end{enumerate}
\section{Availability and location of wxWindows}
\winhelponly{wxWindows is available by anonymous FTP and World Wide Web
-from ftp://www.remstar.com/pub/wxwin and/or http://www.wxwindows.org.}
+from ftp://biolpc22.york.ac.uk/pub and/or http://www.wxwindows.org.}
\winhelpignore{wxWindows is available by anonymous FTP and World Wide Web
-from \urlref{ftp://www.remstar.com/pub/wxwin}{ftp://www.remstar.com/pub/wxwin}
+from \urlref{ftp://biolpc22.york.ac.uk/pub}{ftp://biolpc22.york.ac.uk/pub}
and/or \urlref{http://www.wxwindows.org}{http://www.wxwindows.org}.}
You can also buy a CD-ROM using the form on the Web site.
-\section{Acknowledgments}
+\section{Acknowledgements}
Thanks are due to AIAI for being willing to release the original version of
wxWindows into the public domain, and to our patient partners.
\section{Libraries}
-The GTK and Motif ports of wxWindow can create either a static library or a shared
-library on most Unix or Unix-like systems. The static library is called libwx\_gtk.a
-and libwx\_motif.a whereas the name of the shared library is dependent on the
-system it is created on and the version you are using. The library name for the
-GTK version of wxWindows 2.2 on Linux and Solaris will be libwx\_gtk-2.2.so.0.0.0,
-on HP-UX, it will be libwx\_gtk-2.2.sl, on AIX just libwx\_gtk.a etc.
-
-Under Windows, use the library wx.lib (release) or wxd.lib (debug) for stand-alone Windows
-applications, or wxdll.lib (wxdlld.lib) for creating DLLs.
+Most ports of wxWindows can create either a static library or a shared
+library. wxWindows can also be built in multilib and monolithic variants.
+See the \helpref{libraries list}{librarieslist} for more
+information on these.
\section{Configuration}
-Options are configurable in the file
+When using project files and makefiles directly to build wxWindows,
+options are configurable in the file
\rtfsp{\tt "wx/XXX/setup.h"} where XXX is the required platform (such as msw, motif, gtk, mac). Some
settings are a matter of taste, some help with platform-specific problems, and
others can be set to minimize the size of the library. Please see the setup.h file
and {\tt install.txt} files for details on configuration.
-Under Unix (GTK and Motif) the corresponding setup.h files are generated automatically
-when configuring the wxWindows using the "configure" script. When using the RPM packages
+When using the 'configure' script to configure wxWindows (on Unix and other platforms where
+configure is available), the corresponding setup.h files are generated automatically
+along with suitable makefiles. When using the RPM packages
for installing wxWindows on Linux, a correct setup.h is shipped in the package and
this must not be changed.
\section{Makefiles}
-At the moment there is no attempt to make Unix makefiles and
-PC makefiles compatible, i.e. one makefile is required for
-each environment. The Unix ports use a sophisticated system based
-on the GNU autoconf tool and this system will create the
-makefiles as required on the respective platform. Although the
-makefiles are not identical in Windows, Mac and Unix, care has
-been taken to make them relatively similar so that moving from
-one platform to another will be painless.
-
-Sample makefiles for Unix (suffix .unx), MS C++ (suffix .DOS and .NT), Borland
-C++ (.BCC and .B32) and Symantec C++ (.SC) are included for the library, demos
-and utilities.
-
-The controlling makefile for wxWindows is in the MS-Windows
-directory {\tt src/msw} for the different Windows compiler and
-in the build directory when using the Unix ports. The build
-directory can be chosen by the user. It is the directory in
-which the "configure" script is run. This can be the normal
-base directory (by running {\tt ./configure} there) or any other
-directory (e.g. {\tt ../configure} after creating a build-directory
-in the directory level above the base directory).
-
-Please see the platform-specific {\tt install.txt} file for further details.
+On Microsoft Windows, wxWindows has a different set of makefiles for each
+compiler, because each compiler's 'make' tool is slightly different.
+Popular Windows compilers that we cater for, and the corresponding makefile
+extensions, include: Microsoft Visual C++ (.vc), Borland C++ (.bcc),
+OpenWatcom C++ (.wat) and MinGW/Cygwin (.gcc). Makefiles are provided
+for the wxWindows library itself, samples, demos, and utilities.
+
+On Linux, Mac and OS/2, you use the 'configure' command to
+generate the necessary makefiles. You should also use this method when
+building with MinGW/Cygwin on Windows.
+
+We also provide project files for some compilers, such as
+Microsoft VC++. However, we recommend using makefiles
+to build the wxWindows library itself, because makefiles
+can be more powerful and less manual intervention is required.
+
+On Windows using a compiler other than MinGW/Cygwin, you would
+build the wxWindows library from the build/msw directory
+which contains the relevant makefiles.
+
+On Windows using MinGW/Cygwin, and on Unix, MacOS X and OS/2, you invoke
+'configure' (found in the top-level of the wxWindows source hierarchy),
+from within a suitable empty directory for containing makefiles, object files and
+libraries.
+
+For details on using makefiles, configure, and project files,
+please see docs/xxx/install.txt in your distribution, where
+xxx is the platform of interest, such as msw, gtk, x11, mac.
\section{Windows-specific files}
is the following statement:
\begin{verbatim}
-rcinclude "wx/msw/wx.rc"
+#include "wx/msw/wx.rc"
\end{verbatim}
which includes essential internal wxWindows definitions. The resource script
so programs that search your executable for icons (such
as the Program Manager) find your application icon first.}
-\subsection{Module definition file}
-
-A module definition file (extension DEF) is required for 16-bit applications, and
-looks like the following:
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-NAME Hello
-DESCRIPTION 'Hello'
-EXETYPE WINDOWS
-STUB 'WINSTUB.EXE'
-CODE PRELOAD MOVEABLE DISCARDABLE
-DATA PRELOAD MOVEABLE MULTIPLE
-HEAPSIZE 1024
-STACKSIZE 8192
-\end{verbatim}
-
-The only lines which will usually have to be changed per application are
-NAME and DESCRIPTION.
-
\section{Allocating and deleting wxWindows objects}
In general, classes derived from wxWindow must dynamically allocated
as well).
The macros handling bit-swapping with respect to the applications endianness
-are described in the \helpref{Macros}{macros} section.
+are described in the \helpref{Byte order macros}{byteordermacros} section.
\section{Conditional compilation}
\subsection{Templates}
-wxWindows does not use templates since it is a notoriously unportable feature.
+wxWindows does not use templates (except for some advanced features that
+are switched off by default) since it is a notoriously unportable feature.
\subsection{RTTI}
-wxWindows does not use run-time type information since wxWindows provides
+wxWindows does not use C++ run-time type information since wxWindows provides
its own run-time type information system, implemented using macros.
\subsection{Type of NULL}
Some compilers (e.g. the native IRIX cc) define NULL to be 0L so that
no conversion to pointers is allowed. Because of that, all these
-occurrences of NULL in the GTK port use an explicit conversion such
+occurrences of NULL in the GTK+ port use an explicit conversion such
as
{\small
structure of the main wxWindows hierarchy. See also the 'utils'
hierarchy. The first place to look for documentation about
these tools and libraries is under the wxWindows 'docs' hierarchy,
-for example \verb$docs/htmlhelp/fl.chm$.
+for example {\tt docs/htmlhelp/fl.chm}.
For other user-contributed packages, please see the Contributions page
on the \urlref{wxWindows Web site}{http://www.wxwindows.org}.
Help files. In many cases, you may wish to use the wxWindows HTML
Help classes from within your application, but this provides a
handy stand-alone viewer. See \helpref{wxHTML Notes}{wxhtml} for more details.
-You can find it in \verb$samples/html/helpview$.
+You can find it in {\tt samples/html/helpview}.
\item[{\bf Tex2RTF}]
Supplied with wxWindows is a utility called Tex2RTF for converting\rtfsp
Help RTF formats. Tex2RTF is used for the wxWindows manuals and can be used independently
by authors wishing to create on-line and printed manuals from the same\rtfsp
\LaTeX\ source. Please see the separate documentation for Tex2RTF.
-You can find it under \verb$utils/tex2rtf$.
+You can find it under {\tt utils/tex2rtf}.
\item[{\bf Helpgen}]
Helpgen takes C++ header files and generates a Tex2RTF-compatible
documentation file for each class it finds, using comments as appropriate.
This is a good way to start a reference for a set of classes.
-
-\item[{\bf Dialog Editor}]
-Dialog Editor allows interactive construction of dialogs using
-absolute positioning, producing WXR output files. This tool is generally deprecated
-in favour of sizer-based tools. You can find Dialog Editor
-in \verb$utils/dialoged$.
-
+Helpgen can be found in {\tt utils/HelpGen}.
+
+\item[{\bf Emulator}]
+Xnest-based display emulator for X11-based PDA applications. On some
+systems, the Xnest window does not synchronise with the
+'skin' window. This program can be found in {\tt utils/emulator}.
+
+\item[{\bf Configuration Tool}]
+The wxWindows Configuration Tool is a work in progress
+intended to make it easier to configure wxWindows
+features in detail. It exports setup.h configurations and will
+eventually generate makefile config files. Invoking compilers is
+also on the cards. Since configurations are
+handled one at a time, the tool is of limited used until further
+development can be done. The program can be found in {\tt utils/configtool}.
+
+%\item[{\bf Dialog Editor}]
+%Dialog Editor allows interactive construction of dialogs using
+%absolute positioning, producing WXR output files. This tool is generally deprecated
+%in favour of sizer-based tools. You can find Dialog Editor
+%in {\tt utils/dialoged}.
+%
\item[{\bf XRC resource system}]
-This is the sizer-aware replacement for the WXR resource system, and uses
+This is the sizer-aware resource system, and uses
XML-based resource specifications that can be generated by tools
such as \urlref{wxDesigner}{http://www.roebling.de} and XRC's own wxrcedit.
-You can find this in \verb$contrib/src/xrc$, \verb$contrib/include/wx/xrc$, \verb$contrib/samples/xrc$, and \verb$contrib/utils/wxrcedit$.
+You can find this in {\tt contrib/src/xrc}, {\tt contrib/include/wx/xrc}, {\tt contrib/samples/xrc}, and {\tt contrib/utils/wxrcedit}.
For more information, see the \helpref{XML-based resource system overview}{xrcoverview}.
\item[{\bf Object Graphics Library}]
OGL defines an API for applications that need to display objects connected by lines.
The objects can be moved around and interacted with.
-You can find this in \verb$contrib/src/ogl$, \verb$contrib/include/wx/ogl$, and \verb$contrib/samples/ogl$.
+You can find this in {\tt contrib/src/ogl}, {\tt contrib/include/wx/ogl}, and {\tt contrib/samples/ogl}.
\item[{\bf Frame Layout library}]
FL provides sophisticated pane dragging and docking facilities.
-You can find this in \verb$contrib/src/fl$, \verb$contrib/include/wx/fl$, and \verb$contrib/samples/fl$.
+You can find this in {\tt contrib/src/fl}, {\tt contrib/include/wx/fl}, and {\tt contrib/samples/fl}.
\item[{\bf Gizmos library}]
Gizmos is a collection of useful widgets and other classes. Classes include wxLEDNumberCtrl,
wxEditableListBox, wxMultiCellCanvas.
-You can find this in \verb$contrib/src/fl$, \verb$contrib/include/wx/fl$, and \verb$contrib/samples/fl$.
+You can find this in {\tt contrib/src/gizmos}, {\tt contrib/include/wx/gizmos}, and {\tt contrib/samples/gizmos}.
\item[{\bf Net library}]
Net is a collection of very simple mail and web related classes. Currently
there is only wxEmail, which makes it easy to send email messages via MAPI on Windows or sendmail on Unix.
-You can find this in \verb$contrib/src/net$ and \verb$contrib/include/wx/net$.
+You can find this in {\tt contrib/src/net} and {\tt contrib/include/wx/net}.
\item[{\bf Animate library}]
Animate allows you to load animated GIFs and play them on a window. The library can be extended
to use other animation formats.
-You can find this in \verb$contrib/src/animate$, \verb$contrib/include/wx/animate$, and \verb$contrib/samples/animate$.
-
-\item[{\bf Canvas library}]
-Canvas supports high-level, double-buffered drawing operations with transformations.
-You can find this in \verb$contrib/src/canvas$, \verb$contrib/include/wx/canvas$, and \verb$contrib/samples/canvas$.
+You can find this in {\tt contrib/src/animate}, {\tt contrib/include/wx/animate}, and {\tt contrib/samples/animate}.
\item[{\bf MMedia library}]
Mmedia supports a variety of multimedia functionality. The status of this library is currently unclear.
-You can find this in \verb$contrib/src/mmedia$, \verb$contrib/include/wx/mmedia$, and \verb$contrib/samples/mmedia$.
+You can find this in {\tt contrib/src/mmedia}, {\tt contrib/include/wx/mmedia}, and {\tt contrib/samples/mmedia}.
\item[{\bf Styled Text Control library}]
STC is a wrapper around Scintilla, a syntax-highlighting text editor.
-You can find this in \verb$contrib/src/stc$, \verb$contrib/include/wx/stc$, and \verb$contrib/samples/stc$.
+You can find this in {\tt contrib/src/stc}, {\tt contrib/include/wx/stc}, and {\tt contrib/samples/stc}.
\item[{\bf Plot}]
Plot is a simple curve plotting library.
-You can find this in \verb$contrib/src/plot$, \verb$contrib/include/wx/plot$, and \verb$contrib/samples/plot$.
+You can find this in {\tt contrib/src/plot}, {\tt contrib/include/wx/plot}, and {\tt contrib/samples/plot}.
\end{description}
\chapter{Programming strategies}\label{strategies}
\subsection{Use wxWindows resource files}
-Use .wrc (wxWindows resource files) where possible, because they can be easily changed
-independently of source code. Bitmap resources can be set up to load different
-kinds of bitmap depending on platform (see the section on resource files).
+Use .xrc (wxWindows resource files) where possible, because they can be easily changed
+independently of source code.
\section{Strategies for debugging}\label{debugstrategies}
See the \helpref{debugging overview}{debuggingoverview} for further information.
-\subsection{Check Windows debug messages}
-
-Under Windows, it is worth running your program with
-\urlref{DbgView}{http://www.sysinternals.com} running or
-some other program that shows Windows-generated debug messages. It is
-possible it will show invalid handles being used. You may have fun seeing
-what commercial programs cause these normally hidden errors! Microsoft
-recommend using the debugging version of Windows, which shows up even
-more problems. However, I doubt it is worth the hassle for most
-applications. wxWindows is designed to minimize the possibility of such
-errors, but they can still happen occasionally, slipping through unnoticed
-because they are not severe enough to cause a crash.
-
-\subsection{Genetic mutation}
-
-If we had sophisticated genetic algorithm tools that could be applied
-to programming, we could use them. Until then, a common -- if rather irrational --
-technique is to just make arbitrary changes to the code until something
-different happens. You may have an intuition why a change will make a difference;
-otherwise, just try altering the order of code, comment lines out, anything
-to get over an impasse. Obviously, this is usually a last resort.
-
projects / wxWidgets.git / blobdiff