Use the same logic for closing dialogs as for handling Escape key.

[wxWidgets.git] / src / common / string.cpp

diff --git a/src/common/string.cpp b/src/common/string.cpp
index 003980e556e245cdb48d753158daac1bdcf55d7c..a0d42cb42f520792cd1bd7191f3fc11d1a27dd68 100644 (file)
--- a/src/common/string.cpp
+++ b/src/common/string.cpp
@@ -10,13 +10,6 @@
 // Licence:     wxWindows licence
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 // Licence:     wxWindows licence
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 

-/*
- * About ref counting:
- *  1) all empty strings use g_strEmpty, nRefs = -1 (set in Init())
- *  2) AllocBuffer() sets nRefs to 1, Lock() increments it by one
- *  3) Unlock() decrements nRefs and frees memory if it goes to 0
- */
-

 // ===========================================================================
 // headers, declarations, constants
 // ===========================================================================
 // ===========================================================================
 // headers, declarations, constants
 // ===========================================================================


@@ -30,6 +23,9 @@
 
 #ifndef WX_PRECOMP
     #include "wx/string.h"
 
 #ifndef WX_PRECOMP
     #include "wx/string.h"

+    #include "wx/wxcrtvararg.h"
+    #include "wx/intl.h"
+    #include "wx/log.h"

 #endif
 
 #include <ctype.h>
 #endif
 
 #include <ctype.h>


@@ -41,11 +37,17 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 

-#ifdef __SALFORDC__
-    #include <clib.h>
-#endif
-

 #include "wx/hashmap.h"
 #include "wx/hashmap.h"

+#include "wx/vector.h"
+#include "wx/xlocale.h"
+
+#ifdef __WXMSW__
+    #include "wx/msw/wrapwin.h"
+#endif // __WXMSW__
+
+#if wxUSE_STD_IOSTREAM
+    #include <sstream>
+#endif

 
 // string handling functions used by wxString:
 #if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
 
 // string handling functions used by wxString:
 #if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8


@@ -60,6 +62,22 @@
     #define wxStringStrlen   wxStrlen
 #endif
 
     #define wxStringStrlen   wxStrlen
 #endif
 

+// define a function declared in wx/buffer.h here as we don't have buffer.cpp
+// and don't want to add it just because of this simple function
+namespace wxPrivate
+{
+
+// wxXXXBuffer classes can be (implicitly) used during global statics
+// initialization so wrap the status UntypedBufferData variable in a function
+// to make it safe to access it even before all global statics are initialized
+UntypedBufferData *GetUntypedNullData()
+{
+    static UntypedBufferData s_untypedNullData(NULL, 0);
+
+    return &s_untypedNullData;
+}
+
+} // namespace wxPrivate

 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // static class variables definition
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // static class variables definition


@@ -68,458 +86,200 @@
 //According to STL _must_ be a -1 size_t
 const size_t wxString::npos = (size_t) -1;
 
 //According to STL _must_ be a -1 size_t
 const size_t wxString::npos = (size_t) -1;
 

-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// global functions
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#if wxUSE_STRING_POS_CACHE

 
 

-#if wxUSE_STD_IOSTREAM
+#ifdef wxHAS_COMPILER_TLS

 
 

-#include <iostream>
+wxTLS_TYPE(wxString::Cache) wxString::ms_cache;

 
 

-wxSTD ostream& operator<<(wxSTD ostream& os, const wxCStrData& str)
-{
-// FIXME-UTF8: always, not only if wxUSE_UNICODE
-#if wxUSE_UNICODE && !defined(__BORLANDC__)
-    return os << str.AsWChar();
-#else
-    return os << str.AsChar();
-#endif
-}
+#else // !wxHAS_COMPILER_TLS

 
 

-wxSTD ostream& operator<<(wxSTD ostream& os, const wxString& str)
+struct wxStrCacheInitializer

 {
 {

-    return os << str.c_str();
-}
+    wxStrCacheInitializer()
+    {
+        // calling this function triggers s_cache initialization in it, and
+        // from now on it becomes safe to call from multiple threads
+        wxString::GetCache();
+    }
+};

 
 

-wxSTD ostream& operator<<(wxSTD ostream& os, const wxCharBuffer& str)
+/*
+wxString::Cache& wxString::GetCache()

 {
 {

-    return os << str.data();
-}
+    static wxTLS_TYPE(Cache) s_cache;

 
 

-#ifndef __BORLANDC__
-wxSTD ostream& operator<<(wxSTD ostream& os, const wxWCharBuffer& str)
-{
-    return os << str.data();
+    return wxTLS_VALUE(s_cache);

 }
 }

-#endif
-
-#endif // wxUSE_STD_IOSTREAM
-
-// ===========================================================================
-// wxString class core
-// ===========================================================================
+*/

 
 

-#if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+static wxStrCacheInitializer gs_stringCacheInit;

 
 

-// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// UTF-8 operations
-// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#endif // wxHAS_COMPILER_TLS/!wxHAS_COMPILER_TLS

 
 

-//
-// Table 3.1B from Unicode spec: Legal UTF-8 Byte Sequences
-//
-//     Code Points    | 1st Byte | 2nd Byte | 3rd Byte | 4th Byte |
-// -------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
-//   U+0000..U+007F   |  00..7F  |          |          |          |
-//   U+0080..U+07FF   |  C2..DF  |  80..BF  |          |          |
-//   U+0800..U+0FFF   |  E0      |  A0..BF  |  80..BF  |          |
-//   U+1000..U+FFFF   |  E1..EF  |  80..BF  |  80..BF  |          |
-//  U+10000..U+3FFFF  |  F0      |  90..BF  |  80..BF  |  80..BF  |
-//  U+40000..U+FFFFF  |  F1..F3  |  80..BF  |  80..BF  |  80..BF  |
-// U+100000..U+10FFFF |  F4      |  80..8F  |  80..BF  |  80..BF  |
-// -------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
+// gdb seems to be unable to display thread-local variables correctly, at least
+// not my 6.4.98 version under amd64, so provide this debugging helper to do it
+#if wxDEBUG_LEVEL >= 2

 
 

-bool wxString::IsValidUtf8String(const char *str)
+struct wxStrCacheDumper

 {
 {

-    if ( !str )
-        return true; // empty string is UTF8 string
+    static void ShowAll()
+    {
+        puts("*** wxString cache dump:");
+        for ( unsigned n = 0; n < wxString::Cache::SIZE; n++ )
+        {
+            const wxString::Cache::Element&
+                c = wxString::GetCacheBegin()[n];
+
+            printf("\t%u%s\t%p: pos=(%lu, %lu), len=%ld\n",
+                   n,
+                   n == wxString::LastUsedCacheElement() ? " [*]" : "",
+                   c.str,
+                   (unsigned long)c.pos,
+                   (unsigned long)c.impl,
+                   (long)c.len);
+        }
+    }
+};

 
 

-    const unsigned char *c = (const unsigned char*)str;
+void wxDumpStrCache() { wxStrCacheDumper::ShowAll(); }

 
 

-    for ( ; *c; ++c )
-    {
-        unsigned char b = *c;
+#endif // wxDEBUG_LEVEL >= 2

 
 

-        if ( b <= 0x7F ) // 00..7F
-            continue;
+#ifdef wxPROFILE_STRING_CACHE

 
 

-        else if ( b < 0xC2 ) // invalid lead bytes: 80..C1
-            return false;
+wxString::CacheStats wxString::ms_cacheStats;

 
 

-        // two-byte sequences:
-        else if ( b <= 0xDF ) // C2..DF
-        {
-            b = *(++c);
-            if ( !(b >= 0x80 && b <= 0xBF ) )
-                return false;
-        }
+struct wxStrCacheStatsDumper
+{
+    ~wxStrCacheStatsDumper()
+    {
+        const wxString::CacheStats& stats = wxString::ms_cacheStats;

 
 

-        // three-byte sequences:
-        else if ( b == 0xE0 )
+        if ( stats.postot )

         {
         {

-            b = *(++c);
-            if ( !(b >= 0xA0 && b <= 0xBF ) )
-                return false;
-            b = *(++c);
-            if ( !(b >= 0x80 && b <= 0xBF ) )
-                return false;
-        }
-        else if ( b <= 0xEF ) // E1..EF
-        {
-            for ( int i = 0; i < 2; ++i )
-            {
-                b = *(++c);
-                if ( !(b >= 0x80 && b <= 0xBF ) )
-                    return false;
-            }
+            puts("*** wxString cache statistics:");
+            printf("\tTotal non-trivial calls to PosToImpl(): %u\n",
+                   stats.postot);
+            printf("\tHits %u (of which %u not used) or %.2f%%\n",
+                   stats.poshits,
+                   stats.mishits,
+                   100.*float(stats.poshits - stats.mishits)/stats.postot);
+            printf("\tAverage position requested: %.2f\n",
+                   float(stats.sumpos) / stats.postot);
+            printf("\tAverage offset after cached hint: %.2f\n",
+                   float(stats.sumofs) / stats.postot);

         }
 
         }
 

-        // four-byte sequences:
-        else if ( b == 0xF0 )
-        {
-            b = *(++c);
-            if ( !(b >= 0x90 && b <= 0xBF ) )
-                return false;
-            for ( int i = 0; i < 2; ++i )
-            {
-                b = *(++c);
-                if ( !(b >= 0x80 && b <= 0xBF ) )
-                    return false;
-            }
-        }
-        else if ( b <= 0xF3 ) // F1..F3
-        {
-            for ( int i = 0; i < 3; ++i )
-            {
-                b = *(++c);
-                if ( !(b >= 0x80 && b <= 0xBF ) )
-                    return false;
-            }
-        }
-        else if ( b == 0xF4 )
+        if ( stats.lentot )

         {
         {

-            b = *(++c);
-            if ( !(b >= 0x80 && b <= 0x8F ) )
-                return false;
-            for ( int i = 0; i < 2; ++i )
-            {
-                b = *(++c);
-                if ( !(b >= 0x80 && b <= 0xBF ) )
-                    return false;
-            }
+            printf("\tNumber of calls to length(): %u, hits=%.2f%%\n",
+                   stats.lentot, 100.*float(stats.lenhits)/stats.lentot);

         }
         }

-        else // otherwise, it's invalid lead byte
-            return false;

     }
     }

+};

 
 

-    return true;
-}
+static wxStrCacheStatsDumper s_showCacheStats;

 
 

-#ifdef __WXDEBUG__
-/* static */
-bool wxString::IsValidUtf8LeadByte(unsigned char c)
-{
-    return (c <= 0x7F) || (c >= 0xC2 && c <= 0xF4);
-}
-#endif
+#endif // wxPROFILE_STRING_CACHE

 
 

-unsigned char wxString::ms_utf8IterTable[256] = {
-    // single-byte sequences (ASCII):
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 00..0F
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 10..1F
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 20..2F
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 30..3F
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 40..4F
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 50..5F
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 60..6F
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 70..7F
-
-    // these are invalid, we use step 1 to skip
-    // over them (should never happen):
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 80..8F
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 90..9F
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // A0..AF
-    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // B0..BF
-    1, 1,                                            // C0,C1
-
-    // two-byte sequences:
-          2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,  // C2..CF
-    2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,  // D0..DF
-
-    // three-byte sequences:
-    3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,  // E0..EF
-
-    // four-byte sequences:
-    4, 4, 4, 4, 4,                                   // F0..F4
-
-    // these are invalid again (5- or 6-byte
-    // sequences and sequences for code points
-    // above U+10FFFF, as restricted by RFC 3629):
-                   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1   // F5..FF
-};
+#endif // wxUSE_STRING_POS_CACHE

 
 

-/* static */
-void wxString::DecIter(wxStringImpl::const_iterator& i)
-{
-    wxASSERT( IsValidUtf8LeadByte(*i) );
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// global functions
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 
 

-    // Non-lead bytes are all in the 0x80..0xBF range (i.e. 10xxxxxx in
-    // binary), so we just have to go back until we hit a byte that is either
-    // < 0x80 (i.e. 0xxxxxxx in binary) or 0xC0..0xFF (11xxxxxx in binary; this
-    // includes some invalid values, but we can ignore it here, because we
-    // assume valid UTF-8 input for the purpose of efficient implementation).
-    --i;
-    while ( ((*i) & 0xC0) == 0x80 /* 2 highest bits are '10' */ )
-        --i;
-}
+#if wxUSE_STD_IOSTREAM

 
 

-/* static */
-void wxString::DecIter(wxStringImpl::iterator& i)
-{
-    // FIXME-UTF8: use template instead
-    wxASSERT( IsValidUtf8LeadByte(*i) );
-    --i;
-    while ( ((*i) & 0xC0) == 0x80 /* 2 highest bits are '10' */ )
-        --i;
-}
+#include <iostream>

 
 

-/* static */
-wxStringImpl::const_iterator
-wxString::AddToIter(wxStringImpl::const_iterator i, int n)
+wxSTD ostream& operator<<(wxSTD ostream& os, const wxCStrData& str)

 {
 {

-    wxStringImpl::const_iterator out(i);
-
-    if ( n > 0 )
-    {
-        for ( int j = 0; j < n; ++j )
-            IncIter(out);
-    }
-    else if ( n < 0 )
-    {
-        for ( int j = 0; j > n; --j )
-            DecIter(out);
-    }
+#if wxUSE_UNICODE && !wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+    const wxScopedCharBuffer buf(str.AsCharBuf());
+    if ( !buf )
+        os.clear(wxSTD ios_base::failbit);
+    else
+        os << buf.data();

 
 

-    return out;
+    return os;
+#else
+    return os << str.AsInternal();
+#endif

 }
 
 }
 

-wxStringImpl::iterator
-wxString::AddToIter(wxStringImpl::iterator i, int n)
+wxSTD ostream& operator<<(wxSTD ostream& os, const wxString& str)

 {
 {

-    // FIXME-UTF8: use template instead
-    wxStringImpl::iterator out(i);
-
-    if ( n > 0 )
-    {
-        for ( int j = 0; j < n; ++j )
-            IncIter(out);
-    }
-    else if ( n < 0 )
-    {
-        for ( int j = 0; j > n; --j )
-            DecIter(out);
-    }
-
-    return out;
+    return os << str.c_str();

 }
 
 }
 

-
-/* static */
-int wxString::DiffIters(wxStringImpl::const_iterator i1,
-                        wxStringImpl::const_iterator i2)
+wxSTD ostream& operator<<(wxSTD ostream& os, const wxScopedCharBuffer& str)

 {
 {

-    int dist = 0;
-
-    if ( i1 < i2 )
-    {
-        while ( i1 != i2 )
-        {
-            IncIter(i1);
-            dist--;
-        }
-    }
-    else if ( i2 < i1 )
-    {
-        while ( i2 != i1 )
-        {
-            IncIter(i2);
-            dist++;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return dist;
+    return os << str.data();

 }
 
 }
 

-int wxString::DiffIters(wxStringImpl::iterator i1, wxStringImpl::iterator i2)
+#ifndef __BORLANDC__
+wxSTD ostream& operator<<(wxSTD ostream& os, const wxScopedWCharBuffer& str)

 {
 {

-    // FIXME-UTF8: use template instead
-    int dist = 0;
+    return os << str.data();
+}
+#endif

 
 

-    if ( i1 < i2 )
-    {
-        while ( i1 != i2 )
-        {
-            IncIter(i1);
-            dist--;
-        }
-    }
-    else if ( i2 < i1 )
-    {
-        while ( i2 != i1 )
-        {
-            IncIter(i2);
-            dist++;
-        }
-    }
+#if wxUSE_UNICODE && defined(HAVE_WOSTREAM)

 
 

-    return dist;
+wxSTD wostream& operator<<(wxSTD wostream& wos, const wxString& str)
+{
+    return wos << str.wc_str();

 }
 
 }
 

-/* static */
-wxString::Utf8CharBuffer wxString::EncodeChar(wxUniChar ch)
+wxSTD wostream& operator<<(wxSTD wostream& wos, const wxCStrData& str)

 {
 {

-    Utf8CharBuffer buf;
-    char *out = buf.data;
-
-    wxUniChar::value_type code = ch.GetValue();
-
-    //    Char. number range   |        UTF-8 octet sequence
-    //       (hexadecimal)     |              (binary)
-    //   ----------------------+---------------------------------------------
-    //   0000 0000 - 0000 007F | 0xxxxxxx
-    //   0000 0080 - 0000 07FF | 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
-    //   0000 0800 - 0000 FFFF | 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
-    //   0001 0000 - 0010 FFFF | 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
-    //
-    //   Code point value is stored in bits marked with 'x', lowest-order bit
-    //   of the value on the right side in the diagram above.
-    //                                                        (from RFC 3629)
-
-    if ( code <= 0x7F )
-    {
-        out[1] = 0;
-        out[0] = (char)code;
-    }
-    else if ( code <= 0x07FF )
-    {
-        out[2] = 0;
-        // NB: this line takes 6 least significant bits, encodes them as
-        // 10xxxxxx and discards them so that the next byte can be encoded:
-        out[1] = 0x80 | (code & 0x3F);  code >>= 6;
-        out[0] = 0xC0 | code;
-    }
-    else if ( code < 0xFFFF )
-    {
-        out[3] = 0;
-        out[2] = 0x80 | (code & 0x3F);  code >>= 6;
-        out[1] = 0x80 | (code & 0x3F);  code >>= 6;
-        out[0] = 0xE0 | code;
-    }
-    else if ( code <= 0x10FFFF )
-    {
-        out[4] = 0;
-        out[3] = 0x80 | (code & 0x3F);  code >>= 6;
-        out[2] = 0x80 | (code & 0x3F);  code >>= 6;
-        out[1] = 0x80 | (code & 0x3F);  code >>= 6;
-        out[0] = 0xF0 | code;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        wxFAIL_MSG( _T("trying to encode undefined Unicode character") );
-        out[0] = 0;
-    }
-
-    return buf;
+    return wos << str.AsWChar();

 }
 
 }
 

-/* static */
-wxUniChar wxUniCharRef::DecodeChar(wxStringImpl::const_iterator i)
+wxSTD wostream& operator<<(wxSTD wostream& wos, const wxScopedWCharBuffer& str)

 {
 {

-    wxASSERT( wxString::IsValidUtf8LeadByte(*i) ); // FIXME-UTF8: no "wxString::"
-
-    wxUniChar::value_type code = 0;
-    size_t len = wxString::GetUtf8CharLength(*i);
-    wxASSERT_MSG( len <= 4, _T("invalid UTF-8 sequence length") );
-
-    //    Char. number range   |        UTF-8 octet sequence
-    //       (hexadecimal)     |              (binary)
-    //   ----------------------+---------------------------------------------
-    //   0000 0000 - 0000 007F | 0xxxxxxx
-    //   0000 0080 - 0000 07FF | 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
-    //   0000 0800 - 0000 FFFF | 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
-    //   0001 0000 - 0010 FFFF | 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
-    //
-    //   Code point value is stored in bits marked with 'x', lowest-order bit
-    //   of the value on the right side in the diagram above.
-    //                                                        (from RFC 3629)
-
-    // mask to extract lead byte's value ('x' bits above), by sequence's length:
-    static const unsigned char s_leadValueMask[4] =  { 0x7F, 0x1F, 0x0F, 0x07 };
-#ifdef __WXDEBUG__
-    // mask and value of lead byte's most significant bits, by length:
-    static const unsigned char s_leadMarkerMask[4] = { 0x80, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8 };
-    static const unsigned char s_leadMarkerVal[4] =  { 0x00, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0 };
-#endif
-
-    // extract the lead byte's value bits:
-    wxASSERT_MSG( ((unsigned char)*i & s_leadMarkerMask[len-1]) ==
-                  s_leadMarkerVal[len-1],
-                  _T("invalid UTF-8 lead byte") );
-    code = (unsigned char)*i & s_leadValueMask[len-1];
-
-    // all remaining bytes, if any, are handled in the same way regardless of
-    // sequence's length:
-    for ( ++i ; len > 1; --len, ++i )
-    {
-        wxASSERT_MSG( ((unsigned char)*i & 0xC0) == 0x80,
-                      _T("invalid UTF-8 byte") );
-
-        code <<= 6;
-        code |= (unsigned char)*i & 0x3F;
-    }
-
-    return wxUniChar(code);
+    return wos << str.data();

 }
 
 }
 

-/* static */
-wxCharBuffer wxString::EncodeNChars(size_t n, wxUniChar ch)
-{
-    Utf8CharBuffer once(EncodeChar(ch));
-    // the IncIter() table can be used to determine the length of ch's encoding:
-    size_t len = ms_utf8IterTable[(unsigned char)once.data[0]];
+#endif  // wxUSE_UNICODE && defined(HAVE_WOSTREAM)

 
 

-    wxCharBuffer buf(n * len);
-    char *ptr = buf.data();
-    for ( size_t i = 0; i < n; i++, ptr += len )
-    {
-        memcpy(ptr, once.data, len);
-    }
+#endif // wxUSE_STD_IOSTREAM

 
 

-    return buf;
-}
+// ===========================================================================
+// wxString class core
+// ===========================================================================

 
 

+#if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8

 
 void wxString::PosLenToImpl(size_t pos, size_t len,
                             size_t *implPos, size_t *implLen) const
 {
     if ( pos == npos )
 
 void wxString::PosLenToImpl(size_t pos, size_t len,
                             size_t *implPos, size_t *implLen) const
 {
     if ( pos == npos )

+    {

         *implPos = npos;
         *implPos = npos;

-    else
+    }
+    else // have valid start position

     {
     {

-        const_iterator i = begin() + pos;
-        *implPos = wxStringImpl::const_iterator(i) - m_impl.begin();
+        const const_iterator b = GetIterForNthChar(pos);
+        *implPos = wxStringImpl::const_iterator(b.impl()) - m_impl.begin();

         if ( len == npos )
         if ( len == npos )

+        {

             *implLen = npos;
             *implLen = npos;

-        else
+        }
+        else // have valid length too

         {
         {

-            // too large length is interpreted as "to the end of the string"
-            // FIXME-UTF8: verify this is the case in std::string, assert
-            // otherwise
-            if ( pos + len > length() )
-                len = length() - pos;
-
-            *implLen = wxStringImpl::const_iterator(i + len) -
-                       wxStringImpl::const_iterator(i);
+            // we need to handle the case of length specifying a substring
+            // going beyond the end of the string, just as std::string does
+            const const_iterator e(end());
+            const_iterator i(b);
+            while ( len && i <= e )
+            {
+                ++i;
+                --len;
+            }
+
+            *implLen = i.impl() - b.impl();

         }
     }
 }
         }
     }
 }


@@ -615,58 +375,6 @@ wxString::~wxString()
 }
 #endif
 
 }
 #endif
 

-#if wxUSE_UNICODE
-const char* wxCStrData::AsChar() const
-{
-    wxString *str = wxConstCast(m_str, wxString);
-
-    // convert the string:
-    wxCharBuffer buf(str->mb_str());
-
-    // FIXME-UTF8: do the conversion in-place in the existing buffer
-    if ( str->m_convertedToChar &&
-         strlen(buf) == strlen(str->m_convertedToChar) )
-    {
-        // keep the same buffer for as long as possible, so that several calls
-        // to c_str() in a row still work:
-        strcpy(str->m_convertedToChar, buf);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        str->m_convertedToChar = buf.release();
-    }
-
-    // and keep it:
-    return str->m_convertedToChar + m_offset;
-}
-#endif // wxUSE_UNICODE
-
-#if !wxUSE_UNICODE_WCHAR
-const wchar_t* wxCStrData::AsWChar() const
-{
-    wxString *str = wxConstCast(m_str, wxString);
-
-    // convert the string:
-    wxWCharBuffer buf(str->wc_str());
-
-    // FIXME-UTF8: do the conversion in-place in the existing buffer
-    if ( str->m_convertedToWChar &&
-         wxWcslen(buf) == wxWcslen(str->m_convertedToWChar) )
-    {
-        // keep the same buffer for as long as possible, so that several calls
-        // to c_str() in a row still work:
-        memcpy(str->m_convertedToWChar, buf, sizeof(wchar_t) * wxWcslen(buf));
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        str->m_convertedToWChar = buf.release();
-    }
-
-    // and keep it:
-    return str->m_convertedToWChar + m_offset;
-}
-#endif // !wxUSE_UNICODE_WCHAR
-

 // ===========================================================================
 // wxString class core
 // ===========================================================================
 // ===========================================================================
 // wxString class core
 // ===========================================================================


@@ -682,15 +390,15 @@ wxString::SubstrBufFromMB wxString::ConvertStr(const char *psz, size_t nLength,
 {
     // anything to do?
     if ( !psz || nLength == 0 )
 {
     // anything to do?
     if ( !psz || nLength == 0 )

-        return SubstrBufFromMB(L"", 0);
+        return SubstrBufFromMB(wxWCharBuffer(L""), 0);

 
     if ( nLength == npos )
         nLength = wxNO_LEN;
 
     size_t wcLen;
 
     if ( nLength == npos )
         nLength = wxNO_LEN;
 
     size_t wcLen;

-    wxWCharBuffer wcBuf(conv.cMB2WC(psz, nLength, &wcLen));
+    wxScopedWCharBuffer wcBuf(conv.cMB2WC(psz, nLength, &wcLen));

     if ( !wcLen )
     if ( !wcLen )

-        return SubstrBufFromMB(_T(""), 0);
+        return SubstrBufFromMB(wxWCharBuffer(L""), 0);

     else
         return SubstrBufFromMB(wcBuf, wcLen);
 }
     else
         return SubstrBufFromMB(wcBuf, wcLen);
 }


@@ -701,27 +409,40 @@ wxString::SubstrBufFromMB wxString::ConvertStr(const char *psz, size_t nLength,
 wxString::SubstrBufFromMB wxString::ConvertStr(const char *psz, size_t nLength,
                                                const wxMBConv& conv)
 {
 wxString::SubstrBufFromMB wxString::ConvertStr(const char *psz, size_t nLength,
                                                const wxMBConv& conv)
 {

-    // FIXME-UTF8: return as-is without copying under UTF8 locale, return
-    //             converted string under other locales - needs wxCharBuffer
-    //             changes
-

     // anything to do?
     if ( !psz || nLength == 0 )
     // anything to do?
     if ( !psz || nLength == 0 )

-        return SubstrBufFromMB("", 0);
+        return SubstrBufFromMB(wxCharBuffer(""), 0);
+
+    // if psz is already in UTF-8, we don't have to do the roundtrip to
+    // wchar_t* and back:
+    if ( conv.IsUTF8() )
+    {
+        // we need to validate the input because UTF8 iterators assume valid
+        // UTF-8 sequence and psz may be invalid:
+        if ( wxStringOperations::IsValidUtf8String(psz, nLength) )
+        {
+            // we must pass the real string length to SubstrBufFromMB ctor
+            if ( nLength == npos )
+                nLength = psz ? strlen(psz) : 0;
+            return SubstrBufFromMB(wxScopedCharBuffer::CreateNonOwned(psz, nLength),
+                                   nLength);
+        }
+        // else: do the roundtrip through wchar_t*
+    }

 
     if ( nLength == npos )
         nLength = wxNO_LEN;
 
     // first convert to wide string:
     size_t wcLen;
 
     if ( nLength == npos )
         nLength = wxNO_LEN;
 
     // first convert to wide string:
     size_t wcLen;

-    wxWCharBuffer wcBuf(conv.cMB2WC(psz, nLength, &wcLen));
+    wxScopedWCharBuffer wcBuf(conv.cMB2WC(psz, nLength, &wcLen));

     if ( !wcLen )
     if ( !wcLen )

-        return SubstrBufFromMB("", 0);
+        return SubstrBufFromMB(wxCharBuffer(""), 0);

 
     // and then to UTF-8:
 
     // and then to UTF-8:

-    SubstrBufFromMB buf(ConvertStr(wcBuf, wcLen, wxConvUTF8));
+    SubstrBufFromMB buf(ConvertStr(wcBuf, wcLen, wxMBConvStrictUTF8()));

     // widechar -> UTF-8 conversion isn't supposed to ever fail:
     // widechar -> UTF-8 conversion isn't supposed to ever fail:

-    wxASSERT_MSG( buf.data, _T("conversion to UTF-8 failed") );
+    wxASSERT_MSG( buf.data, wxT("conversion to UTF-8 failed") );

 
     return buf;
 }
 
     return buf;
 }


@@ -734,65 +455,111 @@ wxString::SubstrBufFromWC wxString::ConvertStr(const wchar_t *pwz, size_t nLengt
 {
     // anything to do?
     if ( !pwz || nLength == 0 )
 {
     // anything to do?
     if ( !pwz || nLength == 0 )

-        return SubstrBufFromWC("", 0);
+        return SubstrBufFromWC(wxCharBuffer(""), 0);

 
     if ( nLength == npos )
         nLength = wxNO_LEN;
 
     size_t mbLen;
 
     if ( nLength == npos )
         nLength = wxNO_LEN;
 
     size_t mbLen;

-    wxCharBuffer mbBuf(conv.cWC2MB(pwz, nLength, &mbLen));
+    wxScopedCharBuffer mbBuf(conv.cWC2MB(pwz, nLength, &mbLen));

     if ( !mbLen )
     if ( !mbLen )

-        return SubstrBufFromWC("", 0);
+        return SubstrBufFromWC(wxCharBuffer(""), 0);

     else
         return SubstrBufFromWC(mbBuf, mbLen);
 }
 #endif // wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8 || !wxUSE_UNICODE
 
     else
         return SubstrBufFromWC(mbBuf, mbLen);
 }
 #endif // wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8 || !wxUSE_UNICODE
 

+// This std::string::c_str()-like method returns a wide char pointer to string
+// contents. In wxUSE_UNICODE_WCHAR case it is trivial as it can simply return
+// a pointer to the internal representation. Otherwise a conversion is required
+// and it returns a temporary buffer.
+//
+// However for compatibility with c_str() and to avoid breaking existing code
+// doing
+//
+//      for ( const wchar_t *p = s.wc_str(); *p; p++ )
+//          ... use *p...
+//
+// we actually need to ensure that the returned buffer is _not_ temporary and
+// so we use wxString::m_convertedToWChar to store the returned data
+#if !wxUSE_UNICODE_WCHAR

 
 

-#if wxUSE_UNICODE_WCHAR
-
-//Convert wxString in Unicode mode to a multi-byte string
-const wxCharBuffer wxString::mb_str(const wxMBConv& conv) const
+const wchar_t *wxString::AsWChar(const wxMBConv& conv) const

 {
 {

-    return conv.cWC2MB(wx_str(), length() + 1 /* size, not length */, NULL);
-}
+    const char * const strMB = m_impl.c_str();
+    const size_t lenMB = m_impl.length();

 
 

-#elif wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+    // find out the size of the buffer needed
+    const size_t lenWC = conv.ToWChar(NULL, 0, strMB, lenMB);
+    if ( lenWC == wxCONV_FAILED )
+        return NULL;

 
 

-const wxWCharBuffer wxString::wc_str() const
-{
-    return wxConvUTF8.cMB2WC(m_impl.c_str(),
-                             m_impl.length() + 1 /* size, not length */,
-                             NULL);
-}
+    // keep the same buffer if the string size didn't change: this is not only
+    // an optimization but also ensure that code which modifies string
+    // character by character (without changing its length) can continue to use
+    // the pointer returned by a previous wc_str() call even after changing the
+    // string

 
 

-const wxCharBuffer wxString::mb_str(const wxMBConv& conv) const
-{
-    // FIXME-UTF8: optimize the case when conv==wxConvUTF8 or wxConvLibc
-    //             under UTF8 locale
-    // FIXME-UTF8: use wc_str() here once we have buffers with length
+    // TODO-UTF8: we could check for ">" instead of "!=" here as this would
+    //            allow to save on buffer reallocations but at the cost of
+    //            consuming (even) more memory, we should benchmark this to
+    //            determine if it's worth doing
+    if ( !m_convertedToWChar.m_str || lenWC != m_convertedToWChar.m_len )
+    {
+        if ( !const_cast<wxString *>(this)->m_convertedToWChar.Extend(lenWC) )
+            return NULL;
+    }

 
 

-    size_t wcLen;
-    wxWCharBuffer wcBuf(
-            wxConvUTF8.cMB2WC(m_impl.c_str(),
-                              m_impl.length() + 1 /* size, not length */,
-                              &wcLen));
-    if ( !wcLen )
-        return wxCharBuffer("");
+    // finally do convert
+    m_convertedToWChar.m_str[lenWC] = L'\0';
+    if ( conv.ToWChar(m_convertedToWChar.m_str, lenWC,
+                      strMB, lenMB) == wxCONV_FAILED )
+        return NULL;

 
 

-    return conv.cWC2MB(wcBuf, wcLen, NULL);
+    return m_convertedToWChar.m_str;

 }
 
 }
 

-#else // ANSI
+#endif // !wxUSE_UNICODE_WCHAR
+
+
+// Same thing for mb_str() which returns a normal char pointer to string
+// contents: this always requires converting it to the specified encoding in
+// non-ANSI build except if we need to convert to UTF-8 and this is what we
+// already use internally.
+#if wxUSE_UNICODE

 
 

-//Converts this string to a wide character string if unicode
-//mode is not enabled and wxUSE_WCHAR_T is enabled
-const wxWCharBuffer wxString::wc_str(const wxMBConv& conv) const
+const char *wxString::AsChar(const wxMBConv& conv) const

 {
 {

-    return conv.cMB2WC(wx_str(), length() + 1 /* size, not length */, NULL);
+#if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+    if ( conv.IsUTF8() )
+        return m_impl.c_str();
+
+    const wchar_t * const strWC = AsWChar(wxMBConvStrictUTF8());
+    const size_t lenWC = m_convertedToWChar.m_len;
+#else // wxUSE_UNICODE_WCHAR
+    const wchar_t * const strWC = m_impl.c_str();
+    const size_t lenWC = m_impl.length();
+#endif // wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8/wxUSE_UNICODE_WCHAR
+
+    const size_t lenMB = conv.FromWChar(NULL, 0, strWC, lenWC);
+    if ( lenMB == wxCONV_FAILED )
+        return NULL;
+
+    if ( !m_convertedToChar.m_str || lenMB != m_convertedToChar.m_len )
+    {
+        if ( !const_cast<wxString *>(this)->m_convertedToChar.Extend(lenMB) )
+            return NULL;
+    }
+
+    m_convertedToChar.m_str[lenMB] = '\0';
+    if ( conv.FromWChar(m_convertedToChar.m_str, lenMB,
+                        strWC, lenWC) == wxCONV_FAILED )
+        return NULL;
+
+    return m_convertedToChar.m_str;

 }
 
 }
 

-#endif // Unicode/ANSI
+#endif // wxUSE_UNICODE

 
 // shrink to minimal size (releasing extra memory)
 bool wxString::Shrink()
 
 // shrink to minimal size (releasing extra memory)
 bool wxString::Shrink()


@@ -804,7 +571,7 @@ bool wxString::Shrink()
 
 // deprecated compatibility code:
 #if WXWIN_COMPATIBILITY_2_8 && !wxUSE_STL_BASED_WXSTRING && !wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
 
 // deprecated compatibility code:
 #if WXWIN_COMPATIBILITY_2_8 && !wxUSE_STL_BASED_WXSTRING && !wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8

-wxChar *wxString::GetWriteBuf(size_t nLen)
+wxStringCharType *wxString::GetWriteBuf(size_t nLen)

 {
     return DoGetWriteBuf(nLen);
 }
 {
     return DoGetWriteBuf(nLen);
 }


@@ -883,7 +650,7 @@ wxString operator+(const wxString& str, const char *psz)
 
     wxString s;
     if ( !s.Alloc(strlen(psz) + str.length()) ) {
 
     wxString s;
     if ( !s.Alloc(strlen(psz) + str.length()) ) {

-        wxFAIL_MSG( _T("out of memory in wxString::operator+") );
+        wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("out of memory in wxString::operator+") );

     }
     s += str;
     s += psz;
     }
     s += str;
     s += psz;


@@ -899,7 +666,7 @@ wxString operator+(const wxString& str, const wchar_t *pwz)
 
     wxString s;
     if ( !s.Alloc(wxWcslen(pwz) + str.length()) ) {
 
     wxString s;
     if ( !s.Alloc(wxWcslen(pwz) + str.length()) ) {

-        wxFAIL_MSG( _T("out of memory in wxString::operator+") );
+        wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("out of memory in wxString::operator+") );

     }
     s += str;
     s += pwz;
     }
     s += str;
     s += pwz;


@@ -915,7 +682,7 @@ wxString operator+(const char *psz, const wxString& str)
 
     wxString s;
     if ( !s.Alloc(strlen(psz) + str.length()) ) {
 
     wxString s;
     if ( !s.Alloc(strlen(psz) + str.length()) ) {

-        wxFAIL_MSG( _T("out of memory in wxString::operator+") );
+        wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("out of memory in wxString::operator+") );

     }
     s = psz;
     s += str;
     }
     s = psz;
     s += str;


@@ -931,7 +698,7 @@ wxString operator+(const wchar_t *pwz, const wxString& str)
 
     wxString s;
     if ( !s.Alloc(wxWcslen(pwz) + str.length()) ) {
 
     wxString s;
     if ( !s.Alloc(wxWcslen(pwz) + str.length()) ) {

-        wxFAIL_MSG( _T("out of memory in wxString::operator+") );
+        wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("out of memory in wxString::operator+") );

     }
     s = pwz;
     s += str;
     }
     s = pwz;
     s += str;


@@ -943,6 +710,12 @@ wxString operator+(const wchar_t *pwz, const wxString& str)
 // string comparison
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // string comparison
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

+bool wxString::IsSameAs(wxUniChar c, bool compareWithCase) const
+{
+    return (length() == 1) && (compareWithCase ? GetChar(0u) == c
+                               : wxToupper(GetChar(0u)) == wxToupper(c));
+}
+

 #ifdef HAVE_STD_STRING_COMPARE
 
 // NB: Comparison code (both if HAVE_STD_STRING_COMPARE and if not) works with
 #ifdef HAVE_STD_STRING_COMPARE
 
 // NB: Comparison code (both if HAVE_STD_STRING_COMPARE and if not) works with


@@ -1143,7 +916,7 @@ size_t wxString::find_first_not_of(const wxChar* sz, size_t nStart) const
 
 size_t wxString::find_first_of(const wxChar* sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
 {
 
 size_t wxString::find_first_of(const wxChar* sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
 {

-    wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= length(),  _T("invalid index") );
+    wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= length(),  wxT("invalid index") );

 
     size_t idx = nStart;
     for ( const_iterator i = begin() + nStart; i != end(); ++idx, ++i )
 
     size_t idx = nStart;
     for ( const_iterator i = begin() + nStart; i != end(); ++idx, ++i )


@@ -1157,7 +930,7 @@ size_t wxString::find_first_of(const wxChar* sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
 
 size_t wxString::find_first_not_of(const wxChar* sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
 {
 
 size_t wxString::find_first_not_of(const wxChar* sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
 {

-    wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= length(),  _T("invalid index") );
+    wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= length(),  wxT("invalid index") );

 
     size_t idx = nStart;
     for ( const_iterator i = begin() + nStart; i != end(); ++idx, ++i )
 
     size_t idx = nStart;
     for ( const_iterator i = begin() + nStart; i != end(); ++idx, ++i )


@@ -1190,7 +963,7 @@ size_t wxString::find_last_of(const wxChar* sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) const
     }
     else
     {
     }
     else
     {

-        wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= len, _T("invalid index") );
+        wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= len, wxT("invalid index") );

     }
 
     size_t idx = nStart;
     }
 
     size_t idx = nStart;


@@ -1214,7 +987,7 @@ size_t wxString::find_last_not_of(const wxChar* sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) con
     }
     else
     {
     }
     else
     {

-        wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= len, _T("invalid index") );
+        wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= len, wxT("invalid index") );

     }
 
     size_t idx = nStart;
     }
 
     size_t idx = nStart;


@@ -1230,7 +1003,7 @@ size_t wxString::find_last_not_of(const wxChar* sz, size_t nStart, size_t n) con
 
 size_t wxString::find_first_not_of(wxUniChar ch, size_t nStart) const
 {
 
 size_t wxString::find_first_not_of(wxUniChar ch, size_t nStart) const
 {

-    wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= length(),  _T("invalid index") );
+    wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= length(),  wxT("invalid index") );

 
     size_t idx = nStart;
     for ( const_iterator i = begin() + nStart; i != end(); ++idx, ++i )
 
     size_t idx = nStart;
     for ( const_iterator i = begin() + nStart; i != end(); ++idx, ++i )


@@ -1252,7 +1025,7 @@ size_t wxString::find_last_not_of(wxUniChar ch, size_t nStart) const
     }
     else
     {
     }
     else
     {

-        wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= len, _T("invalid index") );
+        wxASSERT_MSG( nStart <= len, wxT("invalid index") );

     }
 
     size_t idx = nStart;
     }
 
     size_t idx = nStart;


@@ -1310,15 +1083,48 @@ size_t wxString::find_last_not_of(const wxOtherCharType* sz, size_t nStart,
 
 int wxString::CmpNoCase(const wxString& s) const
 {
 
 int wxString::CmpNoCase(const wxString& s) const
 {

-    // FIXME-UTF8: use wxUniChar::ToLower/ToUpper once added
+#if defined(__WXMSW__) && !wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+    // Prefer to use CompareString() if available as it's more efficient than
+    // doing it manually or even using wxStricmp() (see #10375)
+    //
+    // Also note that not using NORM_STRINGSORT may result in not having a
+    // strict weak ordering (e.g. s1 < s2 and s2 < s3 but s3 < s1) and so break
+    // algorithms such as std::sort that rely on it. It's also more consistent
+    // with the fall back version below.
+    switch ( ::CompareString(LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT,
+                             NORM_IGNORECASE | SORT_STRINGSORT,
+                             m_impl.c_str(), m_impl.length(),
+                             s.m_impl.c_str(), s.m_impl.length()) )
+    {
+        case CSTR_LESS_THAN:
+            return -1;
+
+        case CSTR_EQUAL:
+            return 0;
+
+        case CSTR_GREATER_THAN:
+            return 1;

 
 

-    size_t idx = 0;
+        default:
+            wxFAIL_MSG( "unexpected CompareString() return value" );
+            // fall through
+
+        case 0:
+            wxLogLastError("CompareString");
+            // use generic code below
+    }
+#endif // __WXMSW__ && !wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+
+    // do the comparison manually: notice that we can't use wxStricmp() as it
+    // doesn't handle embedded NULs
+
+    // FIXME-UTF8: use wxUniChar::ToLower/ToUpper once added

     const_iterator i1 = begin();
     const_iterator end1 = end();
     const_iterator i2 = s.begin();
     const_iterator end2 = s.end();
 
     const_iterator i1 = begin();
     const_iterator end1 = end();
     const_iterator i2 = s.begin();
     const_iterator end2 = s.end();
 

-    for ( ; i1 != end1 && i2 != end2; ++idx, ++i1, ++i2 )
+    for ( ; i1 != end1 && i2 != end2; ++i1, ++i2 )

     {
         wxUniChar lower1 = (wxChar)wxTolower(*i1);
         wxUniChar lower2 = (wxChar)wxTolower(*i2);
     {
         wxUniChar lower1 = (wxChar)wxTolower(*i1);
         wxUniChar lower2 = (wxChar)wxTolower(*i2);


@@ -1345,63 +1151,69 @@ int wxString::CmpNoCase(const wxString& s) const
 #endif
 #endif
 
 #endif
 #endif
 

-wxString wxString::FromAscii(const char *ascii)
+wxString wxString::FromAscii(const char *ascii, size_t len)

 {
 {

-    if (!ascii)
+    if (!ascii || len == 0)

        return wxEmptyString;
 
        return wxEmptyString;
 

-    size_t len = strlen( ascii );

     wxString res;
 
     wxString res;
 

-    if ( len )

     {
     {

-        wxStringBuffer buf(res, len);
-
-        wchar_t *dest = buf;
+        wxStringInternalBuffer buf(res, len);
+        wxStringCharType *dest = buf;

 
 

-        for ( ;; )
+        for ( ; len > 0; --len )

         {
         {

-           if ( (*dest++ = (wchar_t)(unsigned char)*ascii++) == L'\0' )
-               break;
+            unsigned char c = (unsigned char)*ascii++;
+            wxASSERT_MSG( c < 0x80,
+                          wxT("Non-ASCII value passed to FromAscii().") );
+
+            *dest++ = (wchar_t)c;

         }
     }
 
     return res;
 }
 
         }
     }
 
     return res;
 }
 

-wxString wxString::FromAscii(const char ascii)
+wxString wxString::FromAscii(const char *ascii)
+{
+    return FromAscii(ascii, wxStrlen(ascii));
+}
+
+wxString wxString::FromAscii(char ascii)

 {
     // What do we do with '\0' ?
 
 {
     // What do we do with '\0' ?
 

-    wxString res;
-    res += (wchar_t)(unsigned char) ascii;
+    unsigned char c = (unsigned char)ascii;

 
 

-    return res;
+    wxASSERT_MSG( c < 0x80, wxT("Non-ASCII value passed to FromAscii().") );
+
+    // NB: the cast to wchar_t causes interpretation of 'ascii' as Latin1 value
+    return wxString(wxUniChar((wchar_t)c));

 }
 
 }
 

-const wxCharBuffer wxString::ToAscii() const
+const wxScopedCharBuffer wxString::ToAscii() const

 {
     // this will allocate enough space for the terminating NUL too
     wxCharBuffer buffer(length());
 {
     // this will allocate enough space for the terminating NUL too
     wxCharBuffer buffer(length());

-
-

     char *dest = buffer.data();
 
     char *dest = buffer.data();
 

-    const wchar_t *pwc = c_str();
-    for ( ;; )
+    for ( const_iterator i = begin(); i != end(); ++i )

     {
     {

-        *dest++ = (char)(*pwc > SCHAR_MAX ? wxT('_') : *pwc);
+        wxUniChar c(*i);
+        // FIXME-UTF8: unify substituted char ('_') with wxUniChar ('?')
+        *dest++ = c.IsAscii() ? (char)c : '_';

 
         // the output string can't have embedded NULs anyhow, so we can safely
         // stop at first of them even if we do have any
 
         // the output string can't have embedded NULs anyhow, so we can safely
         // stop at first of them even if we do have any

-        if ( !*pwc++ )
+        if ( !c )

             break;
     }
 
     return buffer;
 }
 
             break;
     }
 
     return buffer;
 }
 

-#endif // Unicode
+#endif // wxUSE_UNICODE

 
 // extract string of length nCount starting at nFirst
 wxString wxString::Mid(size_t nFirst, size_t nCount) const
 
 // extract string of length nCount starting at nFirst
 wxString wxString::Mid(size_t nFirst, size_t nCount) const


@@ -1429,7 +1241,7 @@ wxString wxString::Mid(size_t nFirst, size_t nCount) const
     wxString dest(*this, nFirst, nCount);
     if ( dest.length() != nCount )
     {
     wxString dest(*this, nFirst, nCount);
     if ( dest.length() != nCount )
     {

-        wxFAIL_MSG( _T("out of memory in wxString::Mid") );
+        wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("out of memory in wxString::Mid") );

     }
 
     return dest;
     }
 
     return dest;


@@ -1437,28 +1249,15 @@ wxString wxString::Mid(size_t nFirst, size_t nCount) const
 
 // check that the string starts with prefix and return the rest of the string
 // in the provided pointer if it is not NULL, otherwise return false
 
 // check that the string starts with prefix and return the rest of the string
 // in the provided pointer if it is not NULL, otherwise return false

-bool wxString::StartsWith(const wxChar *prefix, wxString *rest) const
+bool wxString::StartsWith(const wxString& prefix, wxString *rest) const

 {
 {

-    wxASSERT_MSG( prefix, _T("invalid parameter in wxString::StartsWith") );
-
-    // first check if the beginning of the string matches the prefix: note
-    // that we don't have to check that we don't run out of this string as
-    // when we reach the terminating NUL, either prefix string ends too (and
-    // then it's ok) or we break out of the loop because there is no match
-    const wxChar *p = c_str();
-    while ( *prefix )
-    {
-        if ( *prefix++ != *p++ )
-        {
-            // no match
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
+    if ( compare(0, prefix.length(), prefix) != 0 )
+        return false;

 
     if ( rest )
     {
         // put the rest of the string into provided pointer
 
     if ( rest )
     {
         // put the rest of the string into provided pointer

-        *rest = p;
+        rest->assign(*this, prefix.length(), npos);

     }
 
     return true;
     }
 
     return true;


@@ -1467,11 +1266,9 @@ bool wxString::StartsWith(const wxChar *prefix, wxString *rest) const
 
 // check that the string ends with suffix and return the rest of it in the
 // provided pointer if it is not NULL, otherwise return false
 
 // check that the string ends with suffix and return the rest of it in the
 // provided pointer if it is not NULL, otherwise return false

-bool wxString::EndsWith(const wxChar *suffix, wxString *rest) const
+bool wxString::EndsWith(const wxString& suffix, wxString *rest) const

 {
 {

-    wxASSERT_MSG( suffix, _T("invalid parameter in wxString::EndssWith") );
-
-    int start = length() - wxStrlen(suffix);
+    int start = length() - suffix.length();

 
     if ( start < 0 || compare(start, npos, suffix) != 0 )
         return false;
 
     if ( start < 0 || compare(start, npos, suffix) != 0 )
         return false;


@@ -1494,12 +1291,12 @@ wxString wxString::Right(size_t nCount) const
 
   wxString dest(*this, length() - nCount, nCount);
   if ( dest.length() != nCount ) {
 
   wxString dest(*this, length() - nCount, nCount);
   if ( dest.length() != nCount ) {

-    wxFAIL_MSG( _T("out of memory in wxString::Right") );
+    wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("out of memory in wxString::Right") );

   }
   return dest;
 }
 
   }
   return dest;
 }
 

-// get all characters after the last occurence of ch
+// get all characters after the last occurrence of ch

 // (returns the whole string if ch not found)
 wxString wxString::AfterLast(wxUniChar ch) const
 {
 // (returns the whole string if ch not found)
 wxString wxString::AfterLast(wxUniChar ch) const
 {


@@ -1508,7 +1305,7 @@ wxString wxString::AfterLast(wxUniChar ch) const
   if ( iPos == wxNOT_FOUND )
     str = *this;
   else
   if ( iPos == wxNOT_FOUND )
     str = *this;
   else

-    str = wx_str() + iPos + 1;
+    str.assign(*this, iPos + 1, npos);

 
   return str;
 }
 
   return str;
 }


@@ -1521,21 +1318,22 @@ wxString wxString::Left(size_t nCount) const
 
   wxString dest(*this, 0, nCount);
   if ( dest.length() != nCount ) {
 
   wxString dest(*this, 0, nCount);
   if ( dest.length() != nCount ) {

-    wxFAIL_MSG( _T("out of memory in wxString::Left") );
+    wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("out of memory in wxString::Left") );

   }
   return dest;
 }
 
   }
   return dest;
 }
 

-// get all characters before the first occurence of ch
+// get all characters before the first occurrence of ch

 // (returns the whole string if ch not found)
 wxString wxString::BeforeFirst(wxUniChar ch) const
 {
   int iPos = Find(ch);
 // (returns the whole string if ch not found)
 wxString wxString::BeforeFirst(wxUniChar ch) const
 {
   int iPos = Find(ch);

-  if ( iPos == wxNOT_FOUND ) iPos = length();
+  if ( iPos == wxNOT_FOUND )
+      iPos = length();

   return wxString(*this, 0, iPos);
 }
 
   return wxString(*this, 0, iPos);
 }
 

-/// get all characters before the last occurence of ch
+/// get all characters before the last occurrence of ch

 /// (returns empty string if ch not found)
 wxString wxString::BeforeLast(wxUniChar ch) const
 {
 /// (returns empty string if ch not found)
 wxString wxString::BeforeLast(wxUniChar ch) const
 {


@@ -1547,56 +1345,112 @@ wxString wxString::BeforeLast(wxUniChar ch) const
   return str;
 }
 
   return str;
 }
 

-/// get all characters after the first occurence of ch
+/// get all characters after the first occurrence of ch

 /// (returns empty string if ch not found)
 wxString wxString::AfterFirst(wxUniChar ch) const
 {
   wxString str;
   int iPos = Find(ch);
   if ( iPos != wxNOT_FOUND )
 /// (returns empty string if ch not found)
 wxString wxString::AfterFirst(wxUniChar ch) const
 {
   wxString str;
   int iPos = Find(ch);
   if ( iPos != wxNOT_FOUND )

-    str = wx_str() + iPos + 1;
+      str.assign(*this, iPos + 1, npos);

 
   return str;
 }
 
 
   return str;
 }
 

-// replace first (or all) occurences of some substring with another one
+// replace first (or all) occurrences of some substring with another one

 size_t wxString::Replace(const wxString& strOld,
                          const wxString& strNew, bool bReplaceAll)
 {
     // if we tried to replace an empty string we'd enter an infinite loop below
     wxCHECK_MSG( !strOld.empty(), 0,
 size_t wxString::Replace(const wxString& strOld,
                          const wxString& strNew, bool bReplaceAll)
 {
     // if we tried to replace an empty string we'd enter an infinite loop below
     wxCHECK_MSG( !strOld.empty(), 0,

-                 _T("wxString::Replace(): invalid parameter") );
+                 wxT("wxString::Replace(): invalid parameter") );
+
+    wxSTRING_INVALIDATE_CACHE();

 
     size_t uiCount = 0;   // count of replacements made
 
 
     size_t uiCount = 0;   // count of replacements made
 

-    size_t uiOldLen = strOld.length();
-    size_t uiNewLen = strNew.length();
+    // optimize the special common case: replacement of one character by
+    // another one (in UTF-8 case we can only do this for ASCII characters)
+    //
+    // benchmarks show that this special version is around 3 times faster
+    // (depending on the proportion of matching characters and UTF-8/wchar_t
+    // build)
+    if ( strOld.m_impl.length() == 1 && strNew.m_impl.length() == 1 )
+    {
+        const wxStringCharType chOld = strOld.m_impl[0],
+                               chNew = strNew.m_impl[0];
+
+        // this loop is the simplified version of the one below
+        for ( size_t pos = 0; ; )
+        {
+            pos = m_impl.find(chOld, pos);
+            if ( pos == npos )
+                break;
+
+            m_impl[pos++] = chNew;

 
 

-    size_t dwPos = 0;
+            uiCount++;

 
 

-    while ( (*this)[dwPos] != wxT('\0') )
+            if ( !bReplaceAll )
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    else if ( !bReplaceAll)

     {
     {

-        //DO NOT USE STRSTR HERE
-        //this string can contain embedded null characters,
-        //so strstr will function incorrectly
-        dwPos = find(strOld, dwPos);
-        if ( dwPos == npos )
-            break;                  // exit the loop
-        else
+        size_t pos = m_impl.find(strOld, 0);
+        if ( pos != npos )

         {
         {

-            //replace this occurance of the old string with the new one
-            replace(dwPos, uiOldLen, strNew, uiNewLen);
+            m_impl.replace(pos, strOld.m_impl.length(), strNew.m_impl);
+            uiCount = 1;
+        }
+    }
+    else // replace all occurrences
+    {
+        const size_t uiOldLen = strOld.m_impl.length();
+        const size_t uiNewLen = strNew.m_impl.length();

 
 

-            //move up pos past the string that was replaced
-            dwPos += uiNewLen;
+        // first scan the string to find all positions at which the replacement
+        // should be made
+        wxVector<size_t> replacePositions;

 
 

-            //increase replace count
+        size_t pos;
+        for ( pos = m_impl.find(strOld.m_impl, 0);
+              pos != npos;
+              pos = m_impl.find(strOld.m_impl, pos + uiOldLen))
+        {
+            replacePositions.push_back(pos);

             ++uiCount;
             ++uiCount;

+        }

 
 

-            // stop now?
-            if ( !bReplaceAll )
-                break;                  // exit the loop
+        if ( !uiCount )
+            return 0;
+
+        // allocate enough memory for the whole new string
+        wxString tmp;
+        tmp.m_impl.reserve(m_impl.length() + uiCount*(uiNewLen - uiOldLen));
+
+        // copy this string to tmp doing replacements on the fly
+        size_t replNum = 0;
+        for ( pos = 0; replNum < uiCount; replNum++ )
+        {
+            const size_t nextReplPos = replacePositions[replNum];
+
+            if ( pos != nextReplPos )
+            {
+                tmp.m_impl.append(m_impl, pos, nextReplPos - pos);
+            }
+
+            tmp.m_impl.append(strNew.m_impl);
+            pos = nextReplPos + uiOldLen;
+        }
+
+        if ( pos != m_impl.length() )
+        {
+            // append the rest of the string unchanged
+            tmp.m_impl.append(m_impl, pos, m_impl.length() - pos);

         }
         }

+
+        swap(tmp);

     }
 
     return uiCount;
     }
 
     return uiCount;


@@ -1604,34 +1458,43 @@ size_t wxString::Replace(const wxString& strOld,
 
 bool wxString::IsAscii() const
 {
 
 bool wxString::IsAscii() const
 {

-  const wxChar *s = (const wxChar*) *this;
-  while(*s){
-    if(!isascii(*s)) return(false);
-    s++;
-  }
-  return(true);
+    for ( const_iterator i = begin(); i != end(); ++i )
+    {
+        if ( !(*i).IsAscii() )
+            return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;

 }
 
 bool wxString::IsWord() const
 {
 }
 
 bool wxString::IsWord() const
 {

-  const wxChar *s = (const wxChar*) *this;
-  while(*s){
-    if(!wxIsalpha(*s)) return(false);
-    s++;
-  }
-  return(true);
+    for ( const_iterator i = begin(); i != end(); ++i )
+    {
+        if ( !wxIsalpha(*i) )
+            return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;

 }
 
 bool wxString::IsNumber() const
 {
 }
 
 bool wxString::IsNumber() const
 {

-  const wxChar *s = (const wxChar*) *this;
-  if (wxStrlen(s))
-     if ((s[0] == wxT('-')) || (s[0] == wxT('+'))) s++;
-  while(*s){
-    if(!wxIsdigit(*s)) return(false);
-    s++;
-  }
-  return(true);
+    if ( empty() )
+        return true;
+
+    const_iterator i = begin();
+
+    if ( *i == wxT('-') || *i == wxT('+') )
+        ++i;
+
+    for ( ; i != end(); ++i )
+    {
+        if ( !wxIsdigit(*i) )
+            return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;

 }
 
 wxString wxString::Strip(stripType w) const
 }
 
 wxString wxString::Strip(stripType w) const


@@ -1662,14 +1525,28 @@ wxString& wxString::MakeLower()
   return *this;
 }
 
   return *this;
 }
 

+wxString& wxString::MakeCapitalized()
+{
+    const iterator en = end();
+    iterator it = begin();
+    if ( it != en )
+    {
+        *it = (wxChar)wxToupper(*it);
+        for ( ++it; it != en; ++it )
+            *it = (wxChar)wxTolower(*it);
+    }
+
+    return *this;
+}
+

 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // trimming and padding
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // some compilers (VC++ 6.0 not to name them) return true for a call to
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // trimming and padding
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // some compilers (VC++ 6.0 not to name them) return true for a call to

-// isspace('ê') in the C locale which seems to be broken to me, but we have to
-// live with this by checking that the character is a 7 bit one - even if this
-// may fail to detect some spaces (I don't know if Unicode doesn't have
+// isspace('\xEA') in the C locale which seems to be broken to me, but we have
+// to live with this by checking that the character is a 7 bit one - even if
+// this may fail to detect some spaces (I don't know if Unicode doesn't have

 // space-like symbols somewhere except in the first 128 chars), it is arguably
 // still better than trimming away accented letters
 inline int wxSafeIsspace(wxChar ch) { return (ch < 127) && wxIsspace(ch); }
 // space-like symbols somewhere except in the first 128 chars), it is arguably
 // still better than trimming away accented letters
 inline int wxSafeIsspace(wxChar ch) { return (ch < 127) && wxIsspace(ch); }


@@ -1690,7 +1567,7 @@ wxString& wxString::Trim(bool bFromRight)
             // find last non-space character
             reverse_iterator psz = rbegin();
             while ( (psz != rend()) && wxSafeIsspace(*psz) )
             // find last non-space character
             reverse_iterator psz = rbegin();
             while ( (psz != rend()) && wxSafeIsspace(*psz) )

-                psz++;
+                ++psz;

 
             // truncate at trailing space start
             erase(psz.base(), end());
 
             // truncate at trailing space start
             erase(psz.base(), end());


@@ -1700,7 +1577,7 @@ wxString& wxString::Trim(bool bFromRight)
             // find first non-space character
             iterator psz = begin();
             while ( (psz != end()) && wxSafeIsspace(*psz) )
             // find first non-space character
             iterator psz = begin();
             while ( (psz != end()) && wxSafeIsspace(*psz) )

-                psz++;
+                ++psz;

 
             // fix up data and length
             erase(begin(), psz);
 
             // fix up data and length
             erase(begin(), psz);


@@ -1754,84 +1631,205 @@ int wxString::Find(wxUniChar ch, bool bFromEnd) const
 // conversion to numbers
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // conversion to numbers
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

-// the implementation of all the functions below is exactly the same so factor
-// it out
-
-template <typename T, typename F>
-bool wxStringToIntType(const wxChar *start,
-                       T *val,
-                       int base,
-                       F func)
-{
-    wxCHECK_MSG( val, false, _T("NULL output pointer") );
-    wxASSERT_MSG( !base || (base > 1 && base <= 36), _T("invalid base") );
+// The implementation of all the functions below is exactly the same so factor
+// it out. Note that number extraction works correctly on UTF-8 strings, so
+// we can use wxStringCharType and wx_str() for maximum efficiency.

 
 #ifndef __WXWINCE__
 
 #ifndef __WXWINCE__

-    errno = 0;
+    #define DO_IF_NOT_WINCE(x) x
+#else
+    #define DO_IF_NOT_WINCE(x)

 #endif
 
 #endif
 

-    wxChar *end;
-    *val = (*func)(start, &end, base);
+#define WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_START                                           \
+    wxCHECK_MSG( pVal, false, wxT("NULL output pointer") );                  \
+    DO_IF_NOT_WINCE( errno = 0; )                                           \
+    const wxStringCharType *start = wx_str();                               \
+    wxStringCharType *end;

 
 

-    // return true only if scan was stopped by the terminating NUL and if the
-    // string was not empty to start with and no under/overflow occurred
-    return !*end && (end != start)
-#ifndef __WXWINCE__
-        && (errno != ERANGE)
-#endif
-    ;
+// notice that we return false without modifying the output parameter at all if
+// nothing could be parsed but we do modify it and return false then if we did
+// parse something successfully but not the entire string
+#define WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_END                                             \
+    if ( end == start DO_IF_NOT_WINCE(|| errno == ERANGE) )                 \
+        return false;                                                       \
+    *pVal = val;                                                            \
+    return !*end;
+
+bool wxString::ToLong(long *pVal, int base) const
+{
+    wxASSERT_MSG( !base || (base > 1 && base <= 36), wxT("invalid base") );
+
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_START
+    long val = wxStrtol(start, &end, base);
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_END

 }
 
 }
 

-bool wxString::ToLong(long *val, int base) const
+bool wxString::ToULong(unsigned long *pVal, int base) const

 {
 {

-    return wxStringToIntType((const wxChar*)c_str(), val, base, wxStrtol);
+    wxASSERT_MSG( !base || (base > 1 && base <= 36), wxT("invalid base") );
+
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_START
+    unsigned long val = wxStrtoul(start, &end, base);
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_END

 }
 
 }
 

-bool wxString::ToULong(unsigned long *val, int base) const
+bool wxString::ToLongLong(wxLongLong_t *pVal, int base) const

 {
 {

-    return wxStringToIntType((const wxChar*)c_str(), val, base, wxStrtoul);
+    wxASSERT_MSG( !base || (base > 1 && base <= 36), wxT("invalid base") );
+
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_START
+    wxLongLong_t val = wxStrtoll(start, &end, base);
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_END

 }
 
 }
 

-bool wxString::ToLongLong(wxLongLong_t *val, int base) const
+bool wxString::ToULongLong(wxULongLong_t *pVal, int base) const

 {
 {

-    return wxStringToIntType((const wxChar*)c_str(), val, base, wxStrtoll);
+    wxASSERT_MSG( !base || (base > 1 && base <= 36), wxT("invalid base") );
+
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_START
+    wxULongLong_t val = wxStrtoull(start, &end, base);
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_END

 }
 
 }
 

-bool wxString::ToULongLong(wxULongLong_t *val, int base) const
+bool wxString::ToDouble(double *pVal) const

 {
 {

-    return wxStringToIntType((const wxChar*)c_str(), val, base, wxStrtoull);
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_START
+    double val = wxStrtod(start, &end);
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_END

 }
 
 }
 

-bool wxString::ToDouble(double *val) const
+#if wxUSE_XLOCALE
+
+bool wxString::ToCLong(long *pVal, int base) const

 {
 {

-    wxCHECK_MSG( val, false, _T("NULL pointer in wxString::ToDouble") );
+    wxASSERT_MSG( !base || (base > 1 && base <= 36), wxT("invalid base") );

 
 

-#ifndef __WXWINCE__
-    errno = 0;
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_START
+#if (wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8 || !wxUSE_UNICODE) && defined(wxHAS_XLOCALE_SUPPORT)
+    long val = wxStrtol_lA(start, &end, base, wxCLocale);
+#else
+    long val = wxStrtol_l(start, &end, base, wxCLocale);

 #endif
 #endif

+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_END
+}
+
+bool wxString::ToCULong(unsigned long *pVal, int base) const
+{
+    wxASSERT_MSG( !base || (base > 1 && base <= 36), wxT("invalid base") );

 
 

-    const wxChar *start = c_str();
-    wxChar *end;
-    *val = wxStrtod(start, &end);
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_START
+#if (wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8 || !wxUSE_UNICODE) && defined(wxHAS_XLOCALE_SUPPORT)
+    unsigned long val = wxStrtoul_lA(start, &end, base, wxCLocale);
+#else
+    unsigned long val = wxStrtoul_l(start, &end, base, wxCLocale);
+#endif
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_END
+}

 
 

-    // return true only if scan was stopped by the terminating NUL and if the
-    // string was not empty to start with and no under/overflow occurred
-    return !*end && (end != start)
-#ifndef __WXWINCE__
-        && (errno != ERANGE)
+bool wxString::ToCDouble(double *pVal) const
+{
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_START
+#if (wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8 || !wxUSE_UNICODE) && defined(wxHAS_XLOCALE_SUPPORT)
+    double val = wxStrtod_lA(start, &end, wxCLocale);
+#else
+    double val = wxStrtod_l(start, &end, wxCLocale);

 #endif
 #endif

-    ;
+    WX_STRING_TO_X_TYPE_END
+}
+
+#else // wxUSE_XLOCALE
+
+// Provide implementation of these functions even when wxUSE_XLOCALE is
+// disabled, we still need them in wxWidgets internal code.
+
+// For integers we just assume the current locale uses the same number
+// representation as the C one as there is nothing else we can do.
+bool wxString::ToCLong(long *pVal, int base) const
+{
+    return ToLong(pVal, base);
+}
+
+bool wxString::ToCULong(unsigned long *pVal, int base) const
+{
+    return ToULong(pVal, base);
+}
+
+// For floating point numbers we have to handle the problem of the decimal
+// point which is different in different locales.
+bool wxString::ToCDouble(double *pVal) const
+{
+    // Create a copy of this string using the decimal point instead of whatever
+    // separator the current locale uses.
+#if wxUSE_INTL
+    wxString sep = wxLocale::GetInfo(wxLOCALE_DECIMAL_POINT,
+                                     wxLOCALE_CAT_NUMBER);
+    if ( sep == "." )
+    {
+        // We can avoid an unnecessary string copy in this case.
+        return ToDouble(pVal);
+    }
+#else // !wxUSE_INTL
+    // We don't know what the current separator is so it might even be a point
+    // already, try to parse the string as a double:
+    if ( ToDouble(pVal) )
+    {
+        // It must have been the point, nothing else to do.
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Try to guess the separator, using the most common alternative value.
+    wxString sep(",");
+#endif // wxUSE_INTL/!wxUSE_INTL
+    wxString cstr(*this);
+    cstr.Replace(".", sep);
+
+    return cstr.ToDouble(pVal);
+}
+
+#endif  // wxUSE_XLOCALE/!wxUSE_XLOCALE
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// number to string conversion
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/* static */
+wxString wxString::FromCDouble(double val)
+{
+#if wxUSE_STD_IOSTREAM && wxUSE_STD_STRING
+    // We assume that we can use the ostream and not wstream for numbers.
+    wxSTD ostringstream os;
+    os << val;
+    return os.str();
+#else // wxUSE_STD_IOSTREAM
+    // Can't use iostream locale support, fall back to the manual method
+    // instead.
+    wxString s = FromDouble(val);
+#if wxUSE_INTL
+    wxString sep = wxLocale::GetInfo(wxLOCALE_DECIMAL_POINT,
+                                     wxLOCALE_CAT_NUMBER);
+#else // !wxUSE_INTL
+    // As above, this is the most common alternative value. Notice that here it
+    // doesn't matter if we guess wrongly and the current separator is already
+    // ".": we'll just waste a call to Replace() in this case.
+    wxString sep(",");
+#endif // wxUSE_INTL/!wxUSE_INTL
+
+    s.Replace(sep, ".");
+    return s;
+#endif // wxUSE_STD_IOSTREAM/!wxUSE_STD_IOSTREAM

 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // formatted output
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // formatted output
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

+#if !wxUSE_UTF8_LOCALE_ONLY

 /* static */
 #ifdef wxNEEDS_WXSTRING_PRINTF_MIXIN
 /* static */
 #ifdef wxNEEDS_WXSTRING_PRINTF_MIXIN

-wxString wxStringPrintfMixinBase::DoFormat(const wxChar *format, ...)
+wxString wxStringPrintfMixinBase::DoFormatWchar(const wxChar *format, ...)

 #else
 #else

-wxString wxString::DoFormat(const wxChar *format, ...)
+wxString wxString::DoFormatWchar(const wxChar *format, ...)

 #endif
 {
     va_list argptr;
 #endif
 {
     va_list argptr;


@@ -1844,6 +1842,23 @@ wxString wxString::DoFormat(const wxChar *format, ...)
 
     return s;
 }
 
     return s;
 }

+#endif // !wxUSE_UTF8_LOCALE_ONLY
+
+#if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+/* static */
+wxString wxString::DoFormatUtf8(const char *format, ...)
+{
+    va_list argptr;
+    va_start(argptr, format);
+
+    wxString s;
+    s.PrintfV(format, argptr);
+
+    va_end(argptr);
+
+    return s;
+}
+#endif // wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8

 
 /* static */
 wxString wxString::FormatV(const wxString& format, va_list argptr)
 
 /* static */
 wxString wxString::FormatV(const wxString& format, va_list argptr)


@@ -1853,10 +1868,11 @@ wxString wxString::FormatV(const wxString& format, va_list argptr)
     return s;
 }
 
     return s;
 }
 

+#if !wxUSE_UTF8_LOCALE_ONLY

 #ifdef wxNEEDS_WXSTRING_PRINTF_MIXIN
 #ifdef wxNEEDS_WXSTRING_PRINTF_MIXIN

-int wxStringPrintfMixinBase::DoPrintf(const wxChar *format, ...)
+int wxStringPrintfMixinBase::DoPrintfWchar(const wxChar *format, ...)

 #else
 #else

-int wxString::DoPrintf(const wxChar *format, ...)
+int wxString::DoPrintfWchar(const wxChar *format, ...)

 #endif
 {
     va_list argptr;
 #endif
 {
     va_list argptr;


@@ -1877,19 +1893,106 @@ int wxString::DoPrintf(const wxChar *format, ...)
 
     return iLen;
 }
 
     return iLen;
 }

+#endif // !wxUSE_UTF8_LOCALE_ONLY

 
 

-int wxString::PrintfV(const wxString& format, va_list argptr)
+#if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+int wxString::DoPrintfUtf8(const char *format, ...)
+{
+    va_list argptr;
+    va_start(argptr, format);
+
+    int iLen = PrintfV(format, argptr);
+
+    va_end(argptr);
+
+    return iLen;
+}
+#endif // wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+
+/*
+    Uses wxVsnprintf and places the result into the this string.
+
+    In ANSI build, wxVsnprintf is effectively vsnprintf but in Unicode build
+    it is vswprintf.  Due to a discrepancy between vsnprintf and vswprintf in
+    the ISO C99 (and thus SUSv3) standard the return value for the case of
+    an undersized buffer is inconsistent.  For conforming vsnprintf
+    implementations the function must return the number of characters that
+    would have been printed had the buffer been large enough.  For conforming
+    vswprintf implementations the function must return a negative number
+    and set errno.
+
+    What vswprintf sets errno to is undefined but Darwin seems to set it to
+    EOVERFLOW.  The only expected errno are EILSEQ and EINVAL.  Both of
+    those are defined in the standard and backed up by several conformance
+    statements.  Note that ENOMEM mentioned in the manual page does not
+    apply to swprintf, only wprintf and fwprintf.
+
+    Official manual page:
+    http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/swprintf.html
+
+    Some conformance statements (AIX, Solaris):
+    http://www.opengroup.org/csq/view.mhtml?RID=ibm%2FSD1%2F3
+    http://www.theopengroup.org/csq/view.mhtml?norationale=1&noreferences=1&RID=Fujitsu%2FSE2%2F10
+
+    Since EILSEQ and EINVAL are rather common but EOVERFLOW is not and since
+    EILSEQ and EINVAL are specifically defined to mean the error is other than
+    an undersized buffer and no other errno are defined we treat those two
+    as meaning hard errors and everything else gets the old behavior which
+    is to keep looping and increasing buffer size until the function succeeds.
+
+    In practice it's impossible to determine before compilation which behavior
+    may be used.  The vswprintf function may have vsnprintf-like behavior or
+    vice-versa.  Behavior detected on one release can theoretically change
+    with an updated release.  Not to mention that configure testing for it
+    would require the test to be run on the host system, not the build system
+    which makes cross compilation difficult. Therefore, we make no assumptions
+    about behavior and try our best to handle every known case, including the
+    case where wxVsnprintf returns a negative number and fails to set errno.
+
+    There is yet one more non-standard implementation and that is our own.
+    Fortunately, that can be detected at compile-time.
+
+    On top of all that, ISO C99 explicitly defines snprintf to write a null
+    character to the last position of the specified buffer.  That would be at
+    at the given buffer size minus 1.  It is supposed to do this even if it
+    turns out that the buffer is sized too small.
+
+    Darwin (tested on 10.5) follows the C99 behavior exactly.
+
+    Glibc 2.6 almost follows the C99 behavior except vswprintf never sets
+    errno even when it fails.  However, it only seems to ever fail due
+    to an undersized buffer.
+*/
+#if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+template<typename BufferType>
+#else
+// we only need one version in non-UTF8 builds and at least two Windows
+// compilers have problems with this function template, so use just one
+// normal function here
+#endif
+static int DoStringPrintfV(wxString& str,
+                           const wxString& format, va_list argptr)

 {
     int size = 1024;
 
     for ( ;; )
     {
 {
     int size = 1024;
 
     for ( ;; )
     {

-        wxStringBuffer tmp(*this, size + 1);
+#if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+        BufferType tmp(str, size + 1);
+        typename BufferType::CharType *buf = tmp;
+#else
+        wxStringBuffer tmp(str, size + 1);

         wxChar *buf = tmp;
         wxChar *buf = tmp;

+#endif

 
         if ( !buf )
         {
             // out of memory
 
         if ( !buf )
         {
             // out of memory

+
+            // in UTF-8 build, leaving uninitialized junk in the buffer
+            // could result in invalid non-empty UTF-8 string, so just
+            // reset the string to empty on failure:
+            buf[0] = '\0';

             return -1;
         }
 
             return -1;
         }
 


@@ -1897,40 +2000,67 @@ int wxString::PrintfV(const wxString& format, va_list argptr)
         // only a copy
         va_list argptrcopy;
         wxVaCopy(argptrcopy, argptr);
         // only a copy
         va_list argptrcopy;
         wxVaCopy(argptrcopy, argptr);

-        int len = wxVsnprintf(buf, size, (const wxChar*)/*FIXME-UTF8*/format, argptrcopy);
+
+#ifndef __WXWINCE__
+        // Set errno to 0 to make it determinate if wxVsnprintf fails to set it.
+        errno = 0;
+#endif
+        int len = wxVsnprintf(buf, size, format, argptrcopy);

         va_end(argptrcopy);
 
         // some implementations of vsnprintf() don't NUL terminate
         // the string if there is not enough space for it so
         // always do it manually
         va_end(argptrcopy);
 
         // some implementations of vsnprintf() don't NUL terminate
         // the string if there is not enough space for it so
         // always do it manually

-        buf[size] = _T('\0');
+        // FIXME: This really seems to be the wrong and would be an off-by-one
+        // bug except the code above allocates an extra character.
+        buf[size] = wxT('\0');

 
         // vsnprintf() may return either -1 (traditional Unix behaviour) or the
         // total number of characters which would have been written if the
         // buffer were large enough (newer standards such as Unix98)
         if ( len < 0 )
         {
 
         // vsnprintf() may return either -1 (traditional Unix behaviour) or the
         // total number of characters which would have been written if the
         // buffer were large enough (newer standards such as Unix98)
         if ( len < 0 )
         {

+            // NB: wxVsnprintf() may call either wxCRT_VsnprintfW or
+            //     wxCRT_VsnprintfA in UTF-8 build; wxUSE_WXVSNPRINTF
+            //     is true if *both* of them use our own implementation,
+            //     otherwise we can't be sure

 #if wxUSE_WXVSNPRINTF
             // we know that our own implementation of wxVsnprintf() returns -1
             // only for a format error - thus there's something wrong with
             // the user's format string
 #if wxUSE_WXVSNPRINTF
             // we know that our own implementation of wxVsnprintf() returns -1
             // only for a format error - thus there's something wrong with
             // the user's format string

+            buf[0] = '\0';

             return -1;
             return -1;

-#else // assume that system version only returns error if not enough space
+#else // possibly using system version
+            // assume it only returns error if there is not enough space, but
+            // as we don't know how much we need, double the current size of
+            // the buffer
+#ifndef __WXWINCE__
+            if( (errno == EILSEQ) || (errno == EINVAL) )
+            // If errno was set to one of the two well-known hard errors
+            // then fail immediately to avoid an infinite loop.
+                return -1;
+            else
+#endif // __WXWINCE__

             // still not enough, as we don't know how much we need, double the
             // current size of the buffer
             // still not enough, as we don't know how much we need, double the
             // current size of the buffer

-            size *= 2;
+                size *= 2;

 #endif // wxUSE_WXVSNPRINTF/!wxUSE_WXVSNPRINTF
         }
         else if ( len >= size )
         {
 #if wxUSE_WXVSNPRINTF
 #endif // wxUSE_WXVSNPRINTF/!wxUSE_WXVSNPRINTF
         }
         else if ( len >= size )
         {
 #if wxUSE_WXVSNPRINTF

-            // we know that our own implementation of wxVsnprintf() returns 
+            // we know that our own implementation of wxVsnprintf() returns

             // size+1 when there's not enough space but that's not the size
             // of the required buffer!
             size *= 2;      // so we just double the current size of the buffer
 #else
             // some vsnprintf() implementations NUL-terminate the buffer and
             // some don't in len == size case, to be safe always add 1
             // size+1 when there's not enough space but that's not the size
             // of the required buffer!
             size *= 2;      // so we just double the current size of the buffer
 #else
             // some vsnprintf() implementations NUL-terminate the buffer and
             // some don't in len == size case, to be safe always add 1

+            // FIXME: I don't quite understand this comment.  The vsnprintf
+            // function is specifically defined to return the number of
+            // characters printed not including the null terminator.
+            // So OF COURSE you need to add 1 to get the right buffer size.
+            // The following line is definitely correct, no question.

             size = len + 1;
 #endif
         }
             size = len + 1;
 #endif
         }


@@ -1941,9 +2071,34 @@ int wxString::PrintfV(const wxString& format, va_list argptr)
     }
 
     // we could have overshot
     }
 
     // we could have overshot

-    Shrink();
+    str.Shrink();

 
 

-    return length();
+    return str.length();
+}
+
+int wxString::PrintfV(const wxString& format, va_list argptr)
+{
+#if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+    #if wxUSE_STL_BASED_WXSTRING
+        typedef wxStringTypeBuffer<char> Utf8Buffer;
+    #else
+        typedef wxStringInternalBuffer Utf8Buffer;
+    #endif
+#endif
+
+#if wxUSE_UTF8_LOCALE_ONLY
+    return DoStringPrintfV<Utf8Buffer>(*this, format, argptr);
+#else
+    #if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
+    if ( wxLocaleIsUtf8 )
+        return DoStringPrintfV<Utf8Buffer>(*this, format, argptr);
+    else
+        // wxChar* version
+        return DoStringPrintfV<wxStringBuffer>(*this, format, argptr);
+    #else
+        return DoStringPrintfV(*this, format, argptr);
+    #endif // UTF8/WCHAR
+#endif

 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------


@@ -1964,31 +2119,31 @@ bool wxString::Matches(const wxString& mask) const
     wxString pattern;
     pattern.reserve(wxStrlen(pszMask));
 
     wxString pattern;
     pattern.reserve(wxStrlen(pszMask));
 

-    pattern += _T('^');
+    pattern += wxT('^');

     while ( *pszMask )
     {
         switch ( *pszMask )
         {
     while ( *pszMask )
     {
         switch ( *pszMask )
         {

-            case _T('?'):
-                pattern += _T('.');
+            case wxT('?'):
+                pattern += wxT('.');

                 break;
 
                 break;
 

-            case _T('*'):
-                pattern += _T(".*");
+            case wxT('*'):
+                pattern += wxT(".*");

                 break;
 
                 break;
 

-            case _T('^'):
-            case _T('.'):
-            case _T('$'):
-            case _T('('):
-            case _T(')'):
-            case _T('|'):
-            case _T('+'):
-            case _T('\\'):
+            case wxT('^'):
+            case wxT('.'):
+            case wxT('$'):
+            case wxT('('):
+            case wxT(')'):
+            case wxT('|'):
+            case wxT('+'):
+            case wxT('\\'):

                 // these characters are special in a RE, quote them
                 // (however note that we don't quote '[' and ']' to allow
                 // using them for Unix shell like matching)
                 // these characters are special in a RE, quote them
                 // (however note that we don't quote '[' and ']' to allow
                 // using them for Unix shell like matching)

-                pattern += _T('\\');
+                pattern += wxT('\\');

                 // fall through
 
             default:
                 // fall through
 
             default:


@@ -1997,7 +2152,7 @@ bool wxString::Matches(const wxString& mask) const
 
         pszMask++;
     }
 
         pszMask++;
     }

-    pattern += _T('$');
+    pattern += wxT('$');

 
     // and now use it
     return wxRegEx(pattern, wxRE_NOSUB | wxRE_EXTENDED).Matches(c_str());
 
     // and now use it
     return wxRegEx(pattern, wxRE_NOSUB | wxRE_EXTENDED).Matches(c_str());


@@ -2006,8 +2161,8 @@ bool wxString::Matches(const wxString& mask) const
 
   // FIXME-UTF8: implement using iterators, remove #if
 #if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8
 
   // FIXME-UTF8: implement using iterators, remove #if
 #if wxUSE_UNICODE_UTF8

-  wxWCharBuffer maskBuf = mask.wc_str();
-  wxWCharBuffer txtBuf = wc_str();
+  const wxScopedWCharBuffer maskBuf = mask.wc_str();
+  const wxScopedWCharBuffer txtBuf = wc_str();

   const wxChar *pszMask = maskBuf.data();
   const wxChar *pszTxt = txtBuf.data();
 #else
   const wxChar *pszMask = maskBuf.data();
   const wxChar *pszTxt = txtBuf.data();
 #else


@@ -2109,9 +2264,3 @@ int wxString::Freq(wxUniChar ch) const
     return count;
 }
 
     return count;
 }
 

-// convert to upper case, return the copy of the string
-wxString wxString::Upper() const
-{ wxString s(*this); return s.MakeUpper(); }
-
-// convert to lower case, return the copy of the string
-wxString wxString::Lower() const { wxString s(*this); return s.MakeLower(); }