documentation for window ids allocation and wxIdManager (patch 1870570)

[wxWidgets.git] / docs / latex / wx / scrolwin.tex

\section{\class{wxScrolledWindow}}\label{wxscrolledwindow}

The wxScrolledWindow class manages scrolling for its client area, transforming
the coordinates according to the scrollbar positions, and setting the
scroll positions, thumb sizes and ranges according to the area in view.

Starting from version 2.4 of wxWidgets, there are several ways to use a
wxScrolledWindow. In particular, there are now three ways to set the
size of the scrolling area:

One way is to set the scrollbars directly using a call to
\helpref{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollbars}{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollbars}.
This is the way it used to be in any previous version of wxWidgets
and it will be kept for backwards compatibility.

An additional method of manual control, which requires a little less
computation of your own, is to set the total size of the scrolling area by
calling either \helpref{wxWindow::SetVirtualSize}{wxwindowsetvirtualsize},
or \helpref{wxWindow::FitInside}{wxwindowfitinside}, and setting the
scrolling increments for it by calling 
\helpref{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollRate}{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollrate}.
Scrolling in some orientation is enabled by setting a non-zero increment
for it.

The most automatic and newest way is to simply let sizers determine the
scrolling area. This is now the default when you set an interior sizer
into a wxScrolledWindow with \helpref{wxWindow::SetSizer}{wxwindowsetsizer}.
The scrolling area will be set to the size requested by the sizer and
the scrollbars will be assigned for each orientation according to the need
for them and the scrolling increment set by 
\helpref{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollRate}{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollrate}.
As above, scrolling is only enabled in orientations with a non-zero
increment.  You can influence the minimum size of the scrolled area
controlled by a sizer by calling
\helpref{wxWindow::SetVirtualSizeHints}{wxwindowsetvirtualsizehints}.
(calling \helpref{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollbars}{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollbars}
 has analogous effects in wxWidgets 2.4 -- in later versions it may not continue
 to override the sizer)

Note:  if Maximum size hints are still supported by SetVirtualSizeHints, use
them at your own dire risk.  They may or may not have been removed for 2.4,
but it really only makes sense to set minimum size hints here.  We should
probably replace SetVirtualSizeHints with SetMinVirtualSize or similar
and remove it entirely in future.

As with all windows, an application can draw onto a wxScrolledWindow using
a \helpref{device context}{dcoverview}.

You have the option of handling the OnPaint handler
or overriding the \helpref{OnDraw}{wxscrolledwindowondraw} function, which is
passed a pre-scrolled device context (prepared by 
\helpref{DoPrepareDC}{wxscrolledwindowdopreparedc}).

If you don't wish to calculate your own scrolling, you must call DoPrepareDC when not drawing from
within OnDraw, to set the device origin for the device context according to the current
scroll position.

A wxScrolledWindow will normally scroll itself and therefore its child windows as well. It
might however be desired to scroll a different window than itself: e.g. when designing a
spreadsheet, you will normally only have to scroll the (usually white) cell area, whereas the
(usually grey) label area will scroll very differently. For this special purpose, you can
call \helpref{SetTargetWindow}{wxscrolledwindowsettargetwindow} which means that pressing
the scrollbars will scroll a different window.

Note that the underlying system knows nothing about scrolling coordinates, so that all system
functions (mouse events, expose events, refresh calls etc) as well as the position of subwindows
are relative to the "physical" origin of the scrolled window. If the user insert a child window at
position (10,10) and scrolls the window down 100 pixels (moving the child window out of the visible
area), the child window will report a position of (10,-90).


\wxheading{Derived from}

\helpref{wxPanel}{wxpanel}\\
\helpref{wxWindow}{wxwindow}\\
\helpref{wxEvtHandler}{wxevthandler}\\
\helpref{wxObject}{wxobject}

\wxheading{Include files}

<wx/scrolwin.h>

\wxheading{Library}

\helpref{wxCore}{librarieslist}

\wxheading{Window styles}

\twocolwidtha{5cm}
\begin{twocollist}\itemsep=0pt
\twocolitem{\windowstyle{wxRETAINED}}{Uses a backing pixmap to speed refreshes. Motif only.}
\end{twocollist}

See also \helpref{window styles overview}{windowstyles}.

\wxheading{Remarks}

Use wxScrolledWindow for applications where the user scrolls by a fixed amount, and
where a `page' can be interpreted to be the current visible portion of the window. For
more sophisticated applications, use the wxScrolledWindow implementation as a guide
to build your own scroll behaviour.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxScrollBar}{wxscrollbar}, \helpref{wxClientDC}{wxclientdc},\\
\helpref{wxPaintDC}{wxpaintdc}, \helpref{wxVScrolledWindow}{wxvscrolledwindow}

\latexignore{\rtfignore{\wxheading{Members}}}


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::wxScrolledWindow}\label{wxscrolledwindowctor}

\func{}{wxScrolledWindow}{\void}

Default constructor.

\func{}{wxScrolledWindow}{\param{wxWindow*}{ parent}, \param{wxWindowID }{id = -1},\rtfsp
\param{const wxPoint\& }{pos = wxDefaultPosition}, \param{const wxSize\& }{size = wxDefaultSize},\rtfsp
\param{long}{ style = wxHSCROLL \pipe wxVSCROLL}, \param{const wxString\& }{name = ``scrolledWindow"}}

Constructor.

\wxheading{Parameters}

\docparam{parent}{Parent window.}

\docparam{id}{Window identifier. A value of -1 indicates a default value.}

\docparam{pos}{Window position. If a position of (-1, -1) is specified then a default position
is chosen.}

\docparam{size}{Window size. If a size of (-1, -1) is specified then the window is sized
appropriately.}

\docparam{style}{Window style. See \helpref{wxScrolledWindow}{wxscrolledwindow}.}

\docparam{name}{Window name.}

\wxheading{Remarks}

The window is initially created without visible scrollbars.
Call \helpref{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollbars}{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollbars} to
specify how big the virtual window size should be.


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::\destruct{wxScrolledWindow}}\label{wxscrolledwindowdtor}

\func{}{\destruct{wxScrolledWindow}}{\void}

Destructor.


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::CalcScrolledPosition}\label{wxscrolledwindowcalcscrolledposition}

\constfunc{void}{CalcScrolledPosition}{
   \param{int }{x},
   \param{int }{y},
   \param{int *}{xx}
   \param{int *}{yy}}

Translates the logical coordinates to the device ones. For example, if a window is
scrolled 10 pixels to the bottom, the device coordinates of the origin are (0, 0)
(as always), but the logical coordinates are (0, 10) and so the call to
CalcScrolledPosition(0, 10, \&xx, \&yy) will return 0 in yy.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{CalcUnscrolledPosition}{wxscrolledwindowcalcunscrolledposition}

\pythonnote{The wxPython version of this methods accepts only two
parameters and returns xx and yy as a tuple of values.}

\perlnote{In wxPerl this method takes two parameters and returns a
2-element list {\tt ( xx, yy )}.}


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::CalcUnscrolledPosition}\label{wxscrolledwindowcalcunscrolledposition}

\constfunc{void}{CalcUnscrolledPosition}{
   \param{int }{x},
   \param{int }{y},
   \param{int *}{xx}
   \param{int *}{yy}}

Translates the device coordinates to the logical ones. For example, if a window is
scrolled 10 pixels to the bottom, the device coordinates of the origin are (0, 0)
(as always), but the logical coordinates are (0, 10) and so the call to
CalcUnscrolledPosition(0, 0, \&xx, \&yy) will return 10 in yy.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{CalcScrolledPosition}{wxscrolledwindowcalcscrolledposition}

\pythonnote{The wxPython version of this methods accepts only two
parameters and returns xx and yy as a tuple of values.}

\perlnote{In wxPerl this method takes two parameters and returns a
2-element list {\tt ( xx, yy )}.}


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::Create}\label{wxscrolledwindowcreate}

\func{bool}{Create}{\param{wxWindow*}{ parent}, \param{wxWindowID }{id = -1},\rtfsp
\param{const wxPoint\& }{pos = wxDefaultPosition}, \param{const wxSize\& }{size = wxDefaultSize},\rtfsp
\param{long}{ style = wxHSCROLL \pipe wxVSCROLL}, \param{const wxString\& }{name = ``scrolledWindow"}}

Creates the window for two-step construction. Derived classes
should call or replace this function. See \helpref{wxScrolledWindow::wxScrolledWindow}{wxscrolledwindowctor}\rtfsp
for details.


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::EnableScrolling}\label{wxscrolledwindowenablescrolling}

\func{void}{EnableScrolling}{\param{bool}{ xScrolling}, \param{bool}{ yScrolling}}

Enable or disable physical scrolling in the given direction. Physical
scrolling is the physical transfer of bits up or down the
screen when a scroll event occurs. If the application scrolls by a
variable amount (e.g. if there are different font sizes) then physical
scrolling will not work, and you should switch it off. Note that you
will have to reposition child windows yourself, if physical scrolling
is disabled.

\wxheading{Parameters}

\docparam{xScrolling}{If true, enables physical scrolling in the x direction.}

\docparam{yScrolling}{If true, enables physical scrolling in the y direction.}

\wxheading{Remarks}

Physical scrolling may not be available on all platforms. Where it is available, it is enabled
by default.


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::GetScrollPixelsPerUnit}\label{wxscrolledwindowgetscrollpixelsperunit}

\constfunc{void}{GetScrollPixelsPerUnit}{\param{int* }{xUnit}, \param{int* }{yUnit}}

Get the number of pixels per scroll unit (line), in each direction, as set
by \helpref{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollbars}{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollbars}. A value of zero indicates no
scrolling in that direction.

\wxheading{Parameters}

\docparam{xUnit}{Receives the number of pixels per horizontal unit.}

\docparam{yUnit}{Receives the number of pixels per vertical unit.}

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollbars}{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollbars},\rtfsp
\helpref{wxScrolledWindow::GetVirtualSize}{wxscrolledwindowgetvirtualsize}

\pythonnote{The wxPython version of this methods accepts no
parameters and returns a tuple of values for xUnit and yUnit.}

\perlnote{In wxPerl this method takes no parameters and returns a
2-element list {\tt ( xUnit, yUnit )}.}


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::GetViewStart}\label{wxscrolledwindowgetviewstart}

\constfunc{void}{GetViewStart}{\param{int* }{x}, \param{int* }{ y}}

Get the position at which the visible portion of the window starts.

\wxheading{Parameters}

\docparam{x}{Receives the first visible x position in scroll units.}

\docparam{y}{Receives the first visible y position in scroll units.}

\wxheading{Remarks}

If either of the scrollbars is not at the home position, {\it x} and/or
\rtfsp{\it y} will be greater than zero.  Combined with \helpref{wxWindow::GetClientSize}{wxwindowgetclientsize},
the application can use this function to efficiently redraw only the
visible portion of the window.  The positions are in logical scroll
units, not pixels, so to convert to pixels you will have to multiply
by the number of pixels per scroll increment.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollbars}{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollbars}

\pythonnote{The wxPython version of this methods accepts no
parameters and returns a tuple of values for x and y.}

\perlnote{In wxPerl this method takes no parameters and returns a
2-element list {\tt ( x, y )}.}


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::GetVirtualSize}\label{wxscrolledwindowgetvirtualsize}

\constfunc{void}{GetVirtualSize}{\param{int* }{x}, \param{int* }{y}}

Gets the size in device units of the scrollable window area (as
opposed to the client size, which is the area of the window currently
visible).

\wxheading{Parameters}

\docparam{x}{Receives the length of the scrollable window, in pixels.}

\docparam{y}{Receives the height of the scrollable window, in pixels.}

\wxheading{Remarks}

Use \helpref{wxDC::DeviceToLogicalX}{wxdcdevicetologicalx} and \helpref{wxDC::DeviceToLogicalY}{wxdcdevicetologicaly}\rtfsp
to translate these units to logical units.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollbars}{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollbars},\rtfsp
\helpref{wxScrolledWindow::GetScrollPixelsPerUnit}{wxscrolledwindowgetscrollpixelsperunit}

\pythonnote{The wxPython version of this methods accepts no
parameters and returns a tuple of values for x and y.}

\perlnote{In wxPerl this method takes no parameters and returns a
2-element list {\tt ( x, y )}.}


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::IsRetained}\label{wxscrolledwindowisretained}

\constfunc{bool}{IsRetained}{\void}

Motif only: true if the window has a backing bitmap.


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::DoPrepareDC}\label{wxscrolledwindowdopreparedc}

\func{void}{DoPrepareDC}{\param{wxDC\& }{dc}}

Call this function to prepare the device context for drawing a scrolled image. It
sets the device origin according to the current scroll position.

DoPrepareDC is called automatically within the default wxScrolledWindow::OnPaint event
handler, so your \helpref{wxScrolledWindow::OnDraw}{wxscrolledwindowondraw} override
will be passed a 'pre-scrolled' device context. However, if you wish to draw from
outside of OnDraw (via OnPaint), or you wish to implement OnPaint yourself, you must
call this function yourself. For example:

\begin{verbatim}
void MyWindow::OnEvent(wxMouseEvent& event)
{
  wxClientDC dc(this);
  DoPrepareDC(dc);

  dc.SetPen(*wxBLACK_PEN);
  float x, y;
  event.Position(&x, &y);
  if (xpos > -1 && ypos > -1 && event.Dragging())
  {
    dc.DrawLine(xpos, ypos, x, y);
  }
  xpos = x;
  ypos = y;
}
\end{verbatim}


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::OnDraw}\label{wxscrolledwindowondraw}

\func{virtual void}{OnDraw}{\param{wxDC\& }{dc}}

Called by the default paint event handler to allow the application to define
painting behaviour without having to worry about calling 
\helpref{wxScrolledWindow::DoPrepareDC}{wxscrolledwindowdopreparedc}.

Instead of overriding this function you may also just process the paint event
in the derived class as usual, but then you will have to call DoPrepareDC()
yourself.


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::PrepareDC}\label{wxscrolledwindowpreparedc}

\func{void}{PrepareDC}{\param{wxDC\& }{dc}}

This function is for backwards compatibility only and simply calls 
\helpref{DoPrepareDC}{wxscrolledwindowdopreparedc} now. Notice that it is 
\emph{not} called by the default paint event handle (DoPrepareDC() is), so
overriding this method in your derived class is useless.


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::Scroll}\label{wxscrolledwindowscroll}

\func{void}{Scroll}{\param{int}{ x}, \param{int}{ y}}

Scrolls a window so the view start is at the given point.

\wxheading{Parameters}

\docparam{x}{The x position to scroll to, in scroll units.}

\docparam{y}{The y position to scroll to, in scroll units.}

\wxheading{Remarks}

The positions are in scroll units, not pixels, so to convert to pixels you
will have to multiply by the number of pixels per scroll increment.
If either parameter is -1, that position will be ignored (no change in
that direction).

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollbars}{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollbars},\rtfsp
\helpref{wxScrolledWindow::GetScrollPixelsPerUnit}{wxscrolledwindowgetscrollpixelsperunit}


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollbars}\label{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollbars}

\func{void}{SetScrollbars}{\param{int}{ pixelsPerUnitX}, \param{int}{ pixelsPerUnitY},\rtfsp
\param{int}{ noUnitsX}, \param{int}{ noUnitsY},\rtfsp
\param{int }{xPos = 0}, \param{int}{ yPos = 0},\rtfsp
\param{bool }{noRefresh = false}}

Sets up vertical and/or horizontal scrollbars.

\wxheading{Parameters}

\docparam{pixelsPerUnitX}{Pixels per scroll unit in the horizontal direction.}

\docparam{pixelsPerUnitY}{Pixels per scroll unit in the vertical direction.}

\docparam{noUnitsX}{Number of units in the horizontal direction.}

\docparam{noUnitsY}{Number of units in the vertical direction.}

\docparam{xPos}{Position to initialize the scrollbars in the horizontal direction, in scroll units.}

\docparam{yPos}{Position to initialize the scrollbars in the vertical direction, in scroll units.}

\docparam{noRefresh}{Will not refresh window if true.}

\wxheading{Remarks}

The first pair of parameters give the number of pixels per `scroll step', i.e. amount
moved when the up or down scroll arrows are pressed.
The second pair gives the length of scrollbar in scroll steps, which sets the size of the virtual
window.

{\it xPos} and {\it yPos} optionally specify a position to scroll to immediately.

For example, the following gives a window horizontal and vertical
scrollbars with 20 pixels per scroll step, and a size of 50 steps (1000
pixels) in each direction.

\begin{verbatim}
  window->SetScrollbars(20, 20, 50, 50);
\end{verbatim}

wxScrolledWindow manages the page size itself,
using the current client window size as the page size.

Note that for more sophisticated scrolling applications, for example where
scroll steps may be variable according to the position in the document, it will be
necessary to derive a new class from wxWindow, overriding {\bf OnSize} and
adjusting the scrollbars appropriately.

\wxheading{See also}

\helpref{wxWindow::SetVirtualSize}{wxwindowsetvirtualsize}


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::SetScrollRate}\label{wxscrolledwindowsetscrollrate}

\func{void}{SetScrollRate}{\param{int}{ xstep}, \param{int}{ ystep}}

Set the horizontal and vertical scrolling increment only. See the pixelsPerUnit
parameter in SetScrollbars.


\membersection{wxScrolledWindow::SetTargetWindow}\label{wxscrolledwindowsettargetwindow}

\func{void}{SetTargetWindow}{\param{wxWindow* }{window}}

Call this function to tell wxScrolledWindow to perform the actual scrolling on
a different window (and not on itself).