src/msw/dib.cpp

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Name:        src/msw/dib.cpp
// Purpose:     implements wxDIB class
// Author:      Vadim Zeitlin
// Modified by:
// Created:     03.03.03 (replaces the old file with the same name)
// RCS-ID:      $Id$
// Copyright:   (c) 2003 Vadim Zeitlin <vadim@wxwindows.org>
// License:     wxWindows licence
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/*
    TODO: support for palettes is very incomplete, several functions simply
          ignore them (we should select and realize the palette, if any, before
          caling GetDIBits() in the DC we use with it.
 */

// ============================================================================
// declarations
// ============================================================================

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// headers
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

// For compilers that support precompilation, includes "wx.h".
#include "wx/wxprec.h"

#ifdef __BORLANDC__
    #pragma hdrstop
#endif

#if wxUSE_WXDIB

#ifndef WX_PRECOMP
    #include "wx/string.h"
    #include "wx/log.h"
    #include "wx/intl.h"
    #include "wx/bitmap.h"
#endif //WX_PRECOMP

#include "wx/file.h"

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#if !defined(__MWERKS__) && !defined(__SALFORDC__)
    #include <memory.h>
#endif

#include "wx/image.h"
#include "wx/msw/dib.h"

#ifdef __WXWINCE__
    #include <shellapi.h>       // for SHLoadDIBitmap()
#endif

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// private functions
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

// calculate the number of palette entries needed for the bitmap with this
// number of bits per pixel
static inline WORD GetNumberOfColours(WORD bitsPerPixel)
{
    // only 1, 4 and 8bpp bitmaps use palettes (well, they could be used with
    // 24bpp ones too but we don't support this as I think it's quite uncommon)
    return (WORD)(bitsPerPixel <= 8 ? 1 << bitsPerPixel : 0);
}

// wrapper around ::GetObject() for DIB sections
static inline bool GetDIBSection(HBITMAP hbmp, DIBSECTION *ds)
{
    // note that at least under Win9x (this doesn't seem to happen under Win2K
    // but this doesn't mean anything, of course), GetObject() may return
    // sizeof(DIBSECTION) for a bitmap which is *not* a DIB section and the way
    // to check for it is by looking at the bits pointer
    return ::GetObject(hbmp, sizeof(DIBSECTION), ds) == sizeof(DIBSECTION) &&
                ds->dsBm.bmBits;
}

// ============================================================================
// implementation
// ============================================================================

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// wxDIB creation
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

bool wxDIB::Create(int width, int height, int depth)
{
    // we don't support formats using palettes right now so we only create
    // either 24bpp (RGB) or 32bpp (RGBA) bitmaps
    wxASSERT_MSG( depth, _T("invalid image depth in wxDIB::Create()") );
    if ( depth < 24 )
        depth = 24;

    // allocate memory for bitmap structures
    static const int sizeHeader = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);

    BITMAPINFO *info = (BITMAPINFO *)malloc(sizeHeader);
    wxCHECK_MSG( info, false, _T("malloc(BITMAPINFO) failed") );

    memset(info, 0, sizeHeader);

    info->bmiHeader.biSize = sizeHeader;
    info->bmiHeader.biWidth = width;

    // we use positive height here which corresponds to a DIB with normal, i.e.
    // bottom to top, order -- normally using negative height (which means
    // reversed for MS and hence natural for all the normal people top to
    // bottom line scan order) could be used to avoid the need for the image
    // reversal in Create(image) but this doesn't work under NT, only Win9x!
    info->bmiHeader.biHeight = height;

    info->bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
    info->bmiHeader.biBitCount = (WORD)depth;
    info->bmiHeader.biSizeImage = GetLineSize(width, depth)*height;

    m_handle = ::CreateDIBSection
                 (
                    0,              // hdc (unused with DIB_RGB_COLORS)
                    info,           // bitmap description
                    DIB_RGB_COLORS, // use RGB, not palette
                    &m_data,        // [out] DIB bits
                    NULL,           // don't use file mapping
                    0               // file mapping offset (not used here)
                 );

    free(info);

    if ( !m_handle )
    {
        wxLogLastError(wxT("CreateDIBSection"));

        return false;
    }

    m_width = width;
    m_height = height;
    m_depth = depth;

    return true;
}

bool wxDIB::Create(const wxBitmap& bmp)
{
    wxCHECK_MSG( bmp.Ok(), false, _T("wxDIB::Create(): invalid bitmap") );

    if ( !Create(GetHbitmapOf(bmp)) )
        return false;

    m_hasAlpha = bmp.HasAlpha();

    return true;
}

bool wxDIB::Create(HBITMAP hbmp)
{
    // this bitmap could already be a DIB section in which case we don't need
    // to convert it to DIB
    DIBSECTION ds;
    if ( GetDIBSection(hbmp, &ds) )
    {
        m_handle = hbmp;

        // wxBitmap will free it, not we
        m_ownsHandle = false;

        // copy all the bitmap parameters too as we have them now anyhow
        m_width = ds.dsBm.bmWidth;
        m_height = ds.dsBm.bmHeight;
        m_depth = ds.dsBm.bmBitsPixel;

        m_data = ds.dsBm.bmBits;
    }
    else // no, it's a DDB -- convert it to DIB
    {
        // prepare all the info we need
        BITMAP bm;
        if ( !::GetObject(hbmp, sizeof(bm), &bm) )
        {
            wxLogLastError(wxT("GetObject(bitmap)"));

            return false;
        }

        int d = bm.bmBitsPixel;
        if ( d <= 0 )
            d = wxDisplayDepth();

        if ( !Create(bm.bmWidth, bm.bmHeight, d) || !CopyFromDDB(hbmp) )
            return false;
    }

    return true;
}

// Windows CE doesn't have GetDIBits() so use an alternative implementation
// for it
//
// in fact I'm not sure if GetDIBits() is really much better than using
// BitBlt() like this -- it should be faster but I didn't do any tests, if
// anybody has time to do them and by chance finds that GetDIBits() is not
// much faster than BitBlt(), we could always use the Win CE version here
#ifdef __WXWINCE__

bool wxDIB::CopyFromDDB(HBITMAP hbmp)
{
    MemoryHDC hdcSrc;
    if ( !hdcSrc )
        return false;

    SelectInHDC selectSrc(hdcSrc, hbmp);
    if ( !selectSrc )
        return false;

    MemoryHDC hdcDst;
    if ( !hdcDst )
        return false;

    SelectInHDC selectDst(hdcDst, m_handle);
    if ( !selectDst )
        return false;


    if ( !::BitBlt(
                    hdcDst,
                    0, 0, m_width, m_height,
                    hdcSrc,
                    0, 0,
                    SRCCOPY
                  ) )
    {
        wxLogLastError(_T("BitBlt(DDB -> DIB)"));

        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

#else // !__WXWINCE__

bool wxDIB::CopyFromDDB(HBITMAP hbmp)
{
    DIBSECTION ds;
    if ( !GetDIBSection(m_handle, &ds) )
    {
        // we're sure that our handle is a DIB section, so this should work
        wxFAIL_MSG( _T("GetObject(DIBSECTION) unexpectedly failed") );

        return false;
    }

    if ( !::GetDIBits
            (
                ScreenHDC(),                // the DC to use
                hbmp,                       // the source DDB
                0,                          // first scan line
                m_height,                   // number of lines to copy
                ds.dsBm.bmBits,             // pointer to the buffer
                (BITMAPINFO *)&ds.dsBmih,   // bitmap header
                DIB_RGB_COLORS              // and not DIB_PAL_COLORS
            ) )
    {
        wxLogLastError(wxT("GetDIBits()"));

        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

#endif // __WXWINCE__/!__WXWINCE__

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Loading/saving the DIBs
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

bool wxDIB::Load(const wxString& filename)
{
#ifdef __WXWINCE__
    m_handle = SHLoadDIBitmap(filename);
#else // !__WXWINCE__
    m_handle = (HBITMAP)::LoadImage
                         (
                            wxGetInstance(),
                            filename,
                            IMAGE_BITMAP,
                            0, 0, // don't specify the size
                            LR_CREATEDIBSECTION | LR_LOADFROMFILE
                         );
#endif // __WXWINCE__

    if ( !m_handle )
    {
        wxLogLastError(_T("Loading DIB from file"));

        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

bool wxDIB::Save(const wxString& filename)
{
    wxCHECK_MSG( m_handle, false, _T("wxDIB::Save(): invalid object") );

    wxFile file(filename, wxFile::write);
    bool ok = file.IsOpened();
    if ( ok )
    {
        DIBSECTION ds;
        if ( !GetDIBSection(m_handle, &ds) )
        {
            wxLogLastError(_T("GetObject(hDIB)"));
        }
        else
        {
            BITMAPFILEHEADER bmpHdr;
            wxZeroMemory(bmpHdr);

            const size_t sizeHdr = ds.dsBmih.biSize;
            const size_t sizeImage = ds.dsBmih.biSizeImage;

            bmpHdr.bfType = 0x4d42;    // 'BM' in little endian
            bmpHdr.bfOffBits = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + ds.dsBmih.biSize;
            bmpHdr.bfSize = bmpHdr.bfOffBits + sizeImage;

            // first write the file header, then the bitmap header and finally the
            // bitmap data itself
            ok = file.Write(&bmpHdr, sizeof(bmpHdr)) == sizeof(bmpHdr) &&
                    file.Write(&ds.dsBmih, sizeHdr) == sizeHdr &&
                        file.Write(ds.dsBm.bmBits, sizeImage) == sizeImage;
        }
    }

    if ( !ok )
    {
        wxLogError(_("Failed to save the bitmap image to file \"%s\"."),
                   filename.c_str());
    }

    return ok;
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// wxDIB accessors
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

void wxDIB::DoGetObject() const
{
    // only do something if we have a valid DIB but we don't [yet] have valid
    // data
    if ( m_handle && !m_data )
    {
        // although all the info we need is in BITMAP and so we don't really
        // need DIBSECTION we still ask for it as modifying the bit values only
        // works for the real DIBs and not for the bitmaps and it's better to
        // check for this now rather than trying to find out why it doesn't
        // work later
        DIBSECTION ds;
        if ( !GetDIBSection(m_handle, &ds) )
        {
            wxLogLastError(_T("GetObject(hDIB)"));
            return;
        }

        wxDIB *self = wxConstCast(this, wxDIB);

        self->m_width = ds.dsBm.bmWidth;
        self->m_height = ds.dsBm.bmHeight;
        self->m_depth = ds.dsBm.bmBitsPixel;
        self->m_data = ds.dsBm.bmBits;
    }
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// DDB <-> DIB conversions
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#ifndef __WXWINCE__

HBITMAP wxDIB::CreateDDB(HDC hdc) const
{
    wxCHECK_MSG( m_handle, 0, _T("wxDIB::CreateDDB(): invalid object") );

    DIBSECTION ds;
    if ( !GetDIBSection(m_handle, &ds) )
    {
        wxLogLastError(_T("GetObject(hDIB)"));

        return 0;
    }

    // how many colours are we going to have in the palette?
    DWORD biClrUsed = ds.dsBmih.biClrUsed;
    if ( !biClrUsed )
    {
        // biClrUsed field might not be set
        biClrUsed = GetNumberOfColours(ds.dsBmih.biBitCount);
    }

    if ( !biClrUsed )
    {
        return ConvertToBitmap((BITMAPINFO *)&ds.dsBmih, hdc, ds.dsBm.bmBits);
    }
    else
    {
        // fake a BITMAPINFO w/o bits, just the palette info
        wxCharBuffer bmi(sizeof(BITMAPINFO) + (biClrUsed - 1)*sizeof(RGBQUAD));
        BITMAPINFO *pBmi = (BITMAPINFO *)bmi.data();
        MemoryHDC hDC;
        // get the colour table
        SelectInHDC sDC(hDC, m_handle);
        ::GetDIBColorTable(hDC, 0, biClrUsed, pBmi->bmiColors);
        memcpy(&pBmi->bmiHeader, &ds.dsBmih, ds.dsBmih.biSize);

        return ConvertToBitmap(pBmi, hdc, ds.dsBm.bmBits);
    }
}

/* static */
HBITMAP wxDIB::ConvertToBitmap(const BITMAPINFO *pbmi, HDC hdc, void *bits)
{
    wxCHECK_MSG( pbmi, 0, _T("invalid DIB in ConvertToBitmap") );

    // here we get BITMAPINFO struct followed by the actual bitmap bits and
    // BITMAPINFO starts with BITMAPINFOHEADER followed by colour info
    const BITMAPINFOHEADER *pbmih = &pbmi->bmiHeader;

    // get the pointer to the start of the real image data if we have a plain
    // DIB and not a DIB section (in the latter case the pointer must be passed
    // to us by the caller)
    if ( !bits )
    {
        // we must skip over the colour table to get to the image data
        //
        // colour table either has the real colour data in which case its
        // number of entries is given by biClrUsed or is used for masks to be
        // used for extracting colour information from true colour bitmaps in
        // which case it always have exactly 3 DWORDs
        int numColors;
        switch ( pbmih->biCompression )
        {
            case BI_BITFIELDS:
                numColors = 3;
                break;

            case BI_RGB:
                // biClrUsed has the number of colors but it may be not initialized at
                // all
                numColors = pbmih->biClrUsed;
                if ( !numColors )
                {
                    numColors = GetNumberOfColours(pbmih->biBitCount);
                }
                break;

            default:
                // no idea how it should be calculated for the other cases
                numColors = 0;
        }

        bits = (char *)pbmih + sizeof(*pbmih) + numColors*sizeof(RGBQUAD);
    }

    HBITMAP hbmp = ::CreateDIBitmap
                     (
                        hdc ? hdc           // create bitmap compatible
                            : (HDC) ScreenHDC(),  //  with this DC
                        pbmih,              // used to get size &c
                        CBM_INIT,           // initialize bitmap bits too
                        bits,               // ... using this data
                        pbmi,               // this is used for palette only
                        DIB_RGB_COLORS      // direct or indexed palette?
                     );

    if ( !hbmp )
    {
        wxLogLastError(wxT("CreateDIBitmap"));
    }

    return hbmp;
}

/* static */
size_t wxDIB::ConvertFromBitmap(BITMAPINFO *pbi, HBITMAP hbmp)
{
    wxASSERT_MSG( hbmp, wxT("invalid bmp can't be converted to DIB") );

    // prepare all the info we need
    BITMAP bm;
    if ( !::GetObject(hbmp, sizeof(bm), &bm) )
    {
        wxLogLastError(wxT("GetObject(bitmap)"));

        return 0;
    }

    // we need a BITMAPINFO anyhow and if we're not given a pointer to it we
    // use this one
    BITMAPINFO bi2;

    const bool wantSizeOnly = pbi == NULL;
    if ( wantSizeOnly )
        pbi = &bi2;

    // just for convenience
    const int h = bm.bmHeight;

    // init the header
    BITMAPINFOHEADER& bi = pbi->bmiHeader;
    wxZeroMemory(bi);
    bi.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
    bi.biWidth = bm.bmWidth;
    bi.biHeight = h;
    bi.biPlanes = 1;
    bi.biBitCount = bm.bmBitsPixel;

    // memory we need for BITMAPINFO only
    DWORD dwLen = bi.biSize + GetNumberOfColours(bm.bmBitsPixel) * sizeof(RGBQUAD);

    // get either just the image size or the image bits
    if ( !::GetDIBits
            (
                ScreenHDC(),                        // the DC to use
                hbmp,                               // the source DDB
                0,                                  // first scan line
                h,                                  // number of lines to copy
                wantSizeOnly ? NULL                 // pointer to the buffer or
                             : (char *)pbi + dwLen, // NULL if we don't have it
                pbi,                                // bitmap header
                DIB_RGB_COLORS                      // or DIB_PAL_COLORS
            ) )
    {
        wxLogLastError(wxT("GetDIBits()"));

        return 0;
    }

    // return the total size
    return dwLen + bi.biSizeImage;
}

/* static */
HGLOBAL wxDIB::ConvertFromBitmap(HBITMAP hbmp)
{
    // first calculate the size needed
    const size_t size = ConvertFromBitmap(NULL, hbmp);
    if ( !size )
    {
        // conversion to DDB failed?
        return NULL;
    }

    HGLOBAL hDIB = ::GlobalAlloc(GMEM_MOVEABLE, size);
    if ( !hDIB )
    {
        // this is an error which does risk to happen especially under Win9x
        // and which the user may understand so let him know about it
        wxLogError(_("Failed to allocated %luKb of memory for bitmap data."),
                   (unsigned long)(size / 1024));

        return NULL;
    }

    if ( !ConvertFromBitmap((BITMAPINFO *)(void *)GlobalPtrLock(hDIB), hbmp) )
    {
        // this really shouldn't happen... it worked the first time, why not
        // now?
        wxFAIL_MSG( _T("wxDIB::ConvertFromBitmap() unexpectedly failed") );

        return NULL;
    }

    return hDIB;
}

#endif // __WXWINCE__

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// palette support
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#if wxUSE_PALETTE

wxPalette *wxDIB::CreatePalette() const
{
    // GetDIBColorTable not available in eVC3
#if defined(_WIN32_WCE) && _WIN32_WCE < 400
    return NULL;
#else
    wxCHECK_MSG( m_handle, NULL, _T("wxDIB::CreatePalette(): invalid object") );

    DIBSECTION ds;
    if ( !GetDIBSection(m_handle, &ds) )
    {
        wxLogLastError(_T("GetObject(hDIB)"));

        return 0;
    }

    // how many colours are we going to have in the palette?
    DWORD biClrUsed = ds.dsBmih.biClrUsed;
    if ( !biClrUsed )
    {
        // biClrUsed field might not be set
        biClrUsed = GetNumberOfColours(ds.dsBmih.biBitCount);
    }

    if ( !biClrUsed )
    {
        // bitmaps of this depth don't have palettes at all
        //
        // NB: another possibility would be to return
        //     GetStockObject(DEFAULT_PALETTE) or even CreateHalftonePalette()?
        return NULL;
    }

    MemoryHDC hDC;

    // LOGPALETTE struct has only 1 element in palPalEntry array, we're
    // going to have biClrUsed of them so add necessary space
    LOGPALETTE *pPalette = (LOGPALETTE *)
        malloc(sizeof(LOGPALETTE) + (biClrUsed - 1)*sizeof(PALETTEENTRY));
    wxCHECK_MSG( pPalette, NULL, _T("out of memory") );

    // initialize the palette header
    pPalette->palVersion = 0x300;  // magic number, not in docs but works
    pPalette->palNumEntries = (WORD)biClrUsed;

    // and the colour table
    wxCharBuffer rgb(sizeof(RGBQUAD) * biClrUsed);
    RGBQUAD *pRGB = (RGBQUAD*)rgb.data();
    SelectInHDC selectHandle(hDC, m_handle);
    ::GetDIBColorTable(hDC, 0, biClrUsed, pRGB);
    for ( DWORD i = 0; i < biClrUsed; i++, pRGB++ )
    {
        pPalette->palPalEntry[i].peRed = pRGB->rgbRed;
        pPalette->palPalEntry[i].peGreen = pRGB->rgbGreen;
        pPalette->palPalEntry[i].peBlue = pRGB->rgbBlue;
        pPalette->palPalEntry[i].peFlags = 0;
    }

    HPALETTE hPalette = ::CreatePalette(pPalette);

    free(pPalette);

    if ( !hPalette )
    {
        wxLogLastError(_T("CreatePalette"));

        return NULL;
    }

    wxPalette *palette = new wxPalette;
    palette->SetHPALETTE((WXHPALETTE)hPalette);

    return palette;
#endif
}

#endif // wxUSE_PALETTE

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// wxImage support
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#if wxUSE_IMAGE

bool wxDIB::Create(const wxImage& image)
{
    wxCHECK_MSG( image.Ok(), false, _T("invalid wxImage in wxDIB ctor") );

    const int h = image.GetHeight();
    const int w = image.GetWidth();

    // if we have alpha channel, we need to create a 32bpp RGBA DIB, otherwise
    // a 24bpp RGB is sufficient
    m_hasAlpha = image.HasAlpha();
    const int bpp = m_hasAlpha ? 32 : 24;

    if ( !Create(w, h, bpp) )
        return false;

    // DIBs are stored in bottom to top order (see also the comment above in
    // Create()) so we need to copy bits line by line and starting from the end
    const int srcBytesPerLine = w * 3;
    const int dstBytesPerLine = GetLineSize(w, bpp);
    const unsigned char *src = image.GetData() + ((h - 1) * srcBytesPerLine);
    const unsigned char *alpha = m_hasAlpha ? image.GetAlpha() + (h - 1)*w
                                            : NULL;
    unsigned char *dstLineStart = (unsigned char *)m_data;
    for ( int y = 0; y < h; y++ )
    {
        // copy one DIB line
        unsigned char *dst = dstLineStart;
        if ( alpha )
        {
            for ( int x = 0; x < w; x++ )
            {
                // RGB order is reversed, and we need to premultiply
                // all channels by alpha value for use with ::AlphaBlend.
                const unsigned char a = *alpha++;
                *dst++ = (unsigned char)((src[2] * a + 127) / 255);
                *dst++ = (unsigned char)((src[1] * a + 127) / 255);
                *dst++ = (unsigned char)((src[0] * a + 127) / 255);
                *dst++ = a;
                src += 3;
            }
        }
        else // no alpha channel
        {
            for ( int x = 0; x < w; x++ )
            {
                // RGB order is reversed.
                *dst++ = src[2];
                *dst++ = src[1];
                *dst++ = src[0];
                src += 3;
            }
        }

        // pass to the previous line in the image
        src -= 2*srcBytesPerLine;
        if ( alpha )
            alpha -= 2*w;

        // and to the next one in the DIB
        dstLineStart += dstBytesPerLine;
    }

    return true;
}

wxImage wxDIB::ConvertToImage() const
{
    wxCHECK_MSG( IsOk(), wxNullImage,
                    wxT("can't convert invalid DIB to wxImage") );

    // create the wxImage object
    const int w = GetWidth();
    const int h = GetHeight();
    wxImage image(w, h, false /* don't bother clearing memory */);
    if ( !image.Ok() )
    {
        wxFAIL_MSG( wxT("could not allocate data for image") );
        return wxNullImage;
    }

    if ( m_hasAlpha )
    {
        image.SetAlpha();
    }

    // this is the same loop as in Create() just above but with copy direction
    // reversed
    const int bpp = GetDepth();
    const int dstBytesPerLine = w * 3;
    const int srcBytesPerLine = GetLineSize(w, bpp);
    unsigned char *dst = image.GetData() + ((h - 1) * dstBytesPerLine);
    unsigned char *alpha = image.HasAlpha() ? image.GetAlpha() + (h - 1)*w
                                            : NULL;
    const bool is32bit = bpp == 32;
    const unsigned char *srcLineStart = (unsigned char *)GetData();
    for ( int y = 0; y < h; y++ )
    {
        // copy one DIB line
        const unsigned char *src = srcLineStart;
        for ( int x = 0; x < w; x++ )
        {
            dst[2] = *src++;
            dst[1] = *src++;
            dst[0] = *src++;

            dst += 3;

            if ( is32bit )
            {
                if ( alpha )
                    *alpha++ = *src;
                src++;
            }
        }

        // pass to the previous line in the image
        dst -= 2*dstBytesPerLine;
        if ( alpha )
            alpha -= 2*w;

        // and to the next one in the DIB
        srcLineStart += srcBytesPerLine;
    }

    return image;
}

#endif // wxUSE_IMAGE

#endif // wxUSE_WXDIB