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| | 7 | <title>The wxPython wx Package</title> |
| | 8 | <meta name="author" content="Patrick K. O'Brien" /> |
| | 9 | <meta name="author" content="Robin Dunn" /> |
| | 10 | <meta name="organization" content="Orbtech" /> |
| | 11 | <meta name="date" content="2004-03-26" /> |
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| | 295 | </head> |
| | 296 | <body> |
| | 297 | <div class="document" id="the-wxpython-wx-package"> |
| | 298 | <h1 class="title">The wxPython wx Package</h1> |
| | 299 | <h2 class="subtitle" id="or-how-to-survive-the-new-wx-namespace-changes">Or, how to survive the new wx namespace changes.</h2> |
| | 300 | <table class="docinfo" frame="void" rules="none"> |
| | 301 | <col class="docinfo-name" /> |
| | 302 | <col class="docinfo-content" /> |
| | 303 | <tbody valign="top"> |
| | 304 | <tr><th class="docinfo-name">Author:</th> |
| | 305 | <td>Patrick K. O'Brien</td></tr> |
| | 306 | <tr><th class="docinfo-name">Author:</th> |
| | 307 | <td>Robin Dunn</td></tr> |
| | 308 | <tr><th class="docinfo-name">Contact:</th> |
| | 309 | <td><a class="first last reference" href="mailto:pobrien@orbtech.com">pobrien@orbtech.com</a></td></tr> |
| | 310 | <tr><th class="docinfo-name">Organization:</th> |
| | 311 | <td><a class="first last reference" href="http://www.orbtech.com/">Orbtech</a></td></tr> |
| | 312 | <tr><th class="docinfo-name">Date:</th> |
| | 313 | <td>2004-03-26</td></tr> |
| | 314 | <tr><th class="docinfo-name">Revision:</th> |
| | 315 | <td>1.4</td></tr> |
| | 316 | </tbody> |
| | 317 | </table> |
| | 318 | <div class="contents topic"> |
| | 319 | <p class="topic-title first"><a id="contents" name="contents">Contents</a></p> |
| | 320 | <ul class="simple"> |
| | 321 | <li><a class="reference" href="#introduction" id="id2" name="id2">Introduction</a></li> |
| | 322 | <li><a class="reference" href="#why-change-anything" id="id3" name="id3">Why change anything?</a></li> |
| | 323 | <li><a class="reference" href="#what-does-the-new-wx-package-do" id="id4" name="id4">What does the new wx package do?</a></li> |
| | 324 | <li><a class="reference" href="#will-any-of-this-effect-my-existing-code" id="id5" name="id5">Will any of this effect my existing code?</a></li> |
| | 325 | <li><a class="reference" href="#what-about-all-the-other-modules-like-grid-html-and-stc" id="id6" name="id6">What about all the other modules, like grid, html, and stc?</a></li> |
| | 326 | <li><a class="reference" href="#how-do-i-use-this-new-wx-package" id="id7" name="id7">How do I use this new wx package?</a></li> |
| | 327 | <li><a class="reference" href="#what-are-the-issues-with-converting-old-code-to-use-the-new-wx-package" id="id8" name="id8">What are the issues with converting old code to use the new wx package?</a></li> |
| | 328 | <li><a class="reference" href="#where-can-i-find-example-programs-using-the-new-wx-syntax" id="id9" name="id9">Where can I find example programs using the new wx syntax?</a></li> |
| | 329 | </ul> |
| | 330 | </div> |
| | 331 | <div class="section"> |
| | 332 | <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2" id="introduction" name="introduction">Introduction</a></h1> |
| | 333 | <p>In the begining there was Python, and Python had modules, and Python |
| | 334 | was good. But after a time Guido looked on Python and saw that Python |
| | 335 | needed organizational assistance, and so Guido took code from Python's |
| | 336 | side and created Packages and then Python was very good. About this |
| | 337 | time wxPython was reborn, and wxPython used Packages, but being young |
| | 338 | and trying to use a new technology wxPython did not know how to use |
| | 339 | Packages effectivly. wxPython was good, but dreamed of being much |
| | 340 | better...</p> |
| | 341 | <p>Now many years later, after tons of code reorganization and build |
| | 342 | hacking wxPython has reached that goal. In version 2.4.1 a prototype |
| | 343 | of this new structure was introduced that dynamically built at import |
| | 344 | time a new toplevel package named simply "wx" that contained all the |
| | 345 | items from wxPython.wx but with the names edited to remove the wx |
| | 346 | prefix. Now in 2.5 the final phase of that switcheroo has been |
| | 347 | completed and the <em>real</em> classes, functions and constants are now |
| | 348 | located in the wx package, leaving some compatibility modules in |
| | 349 | wxPython.wx. This document should answer all the questions you might |
| | 350 | have concerning the new wx package. Please also take a look at the |
| | 351 | <a class="reference" href="MigrationGuide.html">2.5 Migration Guide</a> to see notes about other big differences in |
| | 352 | this release.</p> |
| | 353 | </div> |
| | 354 | <div class="section"> |
| | 355 | <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3" id="why-change-anything" name="why-change-anything">Why change anything?</a></h1> |
| | 356 | <p>This change is being made for a couple of reasons. The first reason |
| | 357 | is to discourage the use of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">*</span></tt>, which is a dangerous |
| | 358 | technique that can create name conflicts and bloated namespaces.</p> |
| | 359 | <p>The second reason is to remove what some perceive to be a "wart." For |
| | 360 | example, the following code is rather ugly in that the "wx" prefix on |
| | 361 | the wxFrame class name is no longer useful when you're using the wx |
| | 362 | module prefix:</p> |
| | 363 | <pre class="literal-block"> |
| | 364 | from wxPython import wx |
| | 365 | |
| | 366 | class Frame(wx.wxFrame) |
| | 367 | </pre> |
| | 368 | <p>The new wx package allows you to write code like this, instead:</p> |
| | 369 | <pre class="literal-block"> |
| | 370 | import wx |
| | 371 | |
| | 372 | class Frame(wx.Frame) |
| | 373 | </pre> |
| | 374 | <p>The third reason is that the wxWindows project has considered doing |
| | 375 | the same thing (implement a new wx namespace and drop the "wx" prefix) |
| | 376 | and we want wxPython to lead the way.</p> |
| | 377 | </div> |
| | 378 | <div class="section"> |
| | 379 | <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4" id="what-does-the-new-wx-package-do" name="what-does-the-new-wx-package-do">What does the new wx package do?</a></h1> |
| | 380 | <p>As mentioned in the Introduction, wxPython 2.4.1 introduced a way of |
| | 381 | getting to this new syntax as quickly as possible. It would import |
| | 382 | the old names (like "wxFrame") from the old package and then create new |
| | 383 | names in the wx package without the wx prefix, (like "Frame".) |
| | 384 | Starting with wxPython 2.5 the renaming is moved up to the wxPython |
| | 385 | build step, so the real classes and etc. are actually named with the |
| | 386 | new name (like "Frame") and are located in the new wx package.</p> |
| | 387 | <p>For compatibility the old wxPython package still exists, but now it is |
| | 388 | populated with modules that simply import the new names and then |
| | 389 | "reverse-renames" them to the old names. It probably sounds a bit |
| | 390 | complicated, but it is mostly automated and so it doesn't cause |
| | 391 | problems in most cases.</p> |
| | 392 | </div> |
| | 393 | <div class="section"> |
| | 394 | <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5" id="will-any-of-this-effect-my-existing-code" name="will-any-of-this-effect-my-existing-code">Will any of this effect my existing code?</a></h1> |
| | 395 | <p>No. Your existing code will continue to work and be supported for |
| | 396 | some time. It will be up to you to decide when to switch to the new |
| | 397 | syntax. But all new documentation and code examples will use the new |
| | 398 | syntax. So don't wait too long. You wouldn't want anyone calling you |
| | 399 | old-fashioned, would you?</p> |
| | 400 | <p>When you import from wxPython.wx and use a class with the old name, |
| | 401 | such as wxButton, you are actually using the wx.Button class. I |
| | 402 | expect that the vast majority of the existing code should work fine |
| | 403 | using this scheme. The only things that may cause problems is if your |
| | 404 | old code is depending on some of the implemtation details, or if you |
| | 405 | are using other things that have changed in the API. See the |
| | 406 | <a class="reference" href="MigrationGuide.html">Migration Guide</a> for more details.</p> |
| | 407 | </div> |
| | 408 | <div class="section"> |
| | 409 | <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6" id="what-about-all-the-other-modules-like-grid-html-and-stc" name="what-about-all-the-other-modules-like-grid-html-and-stc">What about all the other modules, like grid, html, and stc?</a></h1> |
| | 410 | <p>There's more to the old wxPython than just the wxPython.wx module. |
| | 411 | And we've got those extra modules covered as well. Each of those |
| | 412 | modules (as well as the lib subpackage) has been moved to the new wx |
| | 413 | package and reverse-renamers have been placed in the wxPython package |
| | 414 | as needed.</p> |
| | 415 | </div> |
| | 416 | <div class="section"> |
| | 417 | <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7" id="how-do-i-use-this-new-wx-package" name="how-do-i-use-this-new-wx-package">How do I use this new wx package?</a></h1> |
| | 418 | <p>The wx package is automatically created when you install wxPython |
| | 419 | version 2.4.1 or higher. So all you have to do is:</p> |
| | 420 | <pre class="literal-block"> |
| | 421 | import wx |
| | 422 | </pre> |
| | 423 | </div> |
| | 424 | <div class="section"> |
| | 425 | <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8" id="what-are-the-issues-with-converting-old-code-to-use-the-new-wx-package" name="what-are-the-issues-with-converting-old-code-to-use-the-new-wx-package">What are the issues with converting old code to use the new wx package?</a></h1> |
| | 426 | <p>Obviously, you need to change your import statements from:</p> |
| | 427 | <pre class="literal-block"> |
| | 428 | from wxPython import wx |
| | 429 | </pre> |
| | 430 | <p>or:</p> |
| | 431 | <pre class="literal-block"> |
| | 432 | from wxPython.wx import * |
| | 433 | </pre> |
| | 434 | <p>to:</p> |
| | 435 | <pre class="literal-block"> |
| | 436 | import wx |
| | 437 | </pre> |
| | 438 | <p>Then you need to refer to wx attributes without a "wx" prefix, such |
| | 439 | as:</p> |
| | 440 | <pre class="literal-block"> |
| | 441 | class MyFrame(wx.Frame): |
| | 442 | </pre> |
| | 443 | <p>In most cases, existing code can be modified with a simple search and |
| | 444 | replace.</p> |
| | 445 | </div> |
| | 446 | <div class="section"> |
| | 447 | <h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9" id="where-can-i-find-example-programs-using-the-new-wx-syntax" name="where-can-i-find-example-programs-using-the-new-wx-syntax">Where can I find example programs using the new wx syntax?</a></h1> |
| | 448 | <p>The wxPython demo application and most of the sample apps have been |
| | 449 | converted to use the new <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">wx</span></tt> style of programming with |
| | 450 | wxPython, so there are lots of examples to look at and to play with. |
| | 451 | Here is one of them, it is the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">simple</span></tt> sample.</p> |
| | 452 | <pre class="literal-block"> |
| | 453 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| | 454 | # A very simple wxPython example. Just a wx.Frame, wx.Panel, |
| | 455 | # wx.StaticText, wx.Button, and a wx.BoxSizer, but it shows the basic |
| | 456 | # structure of any wxPython application. |
| | 457 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| | 458 | |
| | 459 | import wx |
| | 460 | |
| | 461 | |
| | 462 | class MyFrame(wx.Frame): |
| | 463 | """ |
| | 464 | This is MyFrame. It just shows a few controls on a wxPanel, |
| | 465 | and has a simple menu. |
| | 466 | """ |
| | 467 | def __init__(self, parent, title): |
| | 468 | wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, -1, title, |
| | 469 | pos=(150, 150), size=(350, 200)) |
| | 470 | |
| | 471 | # Create the menubar |
| | 472 | menuBar = wx.MenuBar() |
| | 473 | |
| | 474 | # and a menu |
| | 475 | menu = wx.Menu() |
| | 476 | |
| | 477 | # add an item to the menu, using \tKeyName automatically |
| | 478 | # creates an accelerator, the third param is some help text |
| | 479 | # that will show up in the statusbar |
| | 480 | menu.Append(wx.ID_EXIT, "E&xit\tAlt-X", "Exit this simple sample") |
| | 481 | |
| | 482 | # bind the menu event to an event handler |
| | 483 | self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnTimeToClose, id=wx.ID_EXIT) |
| | 484 | |
| | 485 | # and put the menu on the menubar |
| | 486 | menuBar.Append(menu, "&File") |
| | 487 | self.SetMenuBar(menuBar) |
| | 488 | |
| | 489 | self.CreateStatusBar() |
| | 490 | |
| | 491 | |
| | 492 | # Now create the Panel to put the other controls on. |
| | 493 | panel = wx.Panel(self) |
| | 494 | |
| | 495 | # and a few controls |
| | 496 | text = wx.StaticText(panel, -1, "Hello World!") |
| | 497 | text.SetFont(wx.Font(14, wx.SWISS, wx.NORMAL, wx.BOLD)) |
| | 498 | text.SetSize(text.GetBestSize()) |
| | 499 | btn = wx.Button(panel, -1, "Close") |
| | 500 | funbtn = wx.Button(panel, -1, "Just for fun...") |
| | 501 | |
| | 502 | # bind the button events to handlers |
| | 503 | self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnTimeToClose, btn) |
| | 504 | self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnFunButton, funbtn) |
| | 505 | |
| | 506 | # Use a sizer to layout the controls, stacked vertically and with |
| | 507 | # a 10 pixel border around each |
| | 508 | sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) |
| | 509 | sizer.Add(text, 0, wx.ALL, 10) |
| | 510 | sizer.Add(btn, 0, wx.ALL, 10) |
| | 511 | sizer.Add(funbtn, 0, wx.ALL, 10) |
| | 512 | panel.SetSizer(sizer) |
| | 513 | panel.Layout() |
| | 514 | |
| | 515 | |
| | 516 | def OnTimeToClose(self, evt): |
| | 517 | """Event handler for the button click.""" |
| | 518 | print "See ya later!" |
| | 519 | self.Close() |
| | 520 | |
| | 521 | def OnFunButton(self, evt): |
| | 522 | """Event handler for the button click.""" |
| | 523 | print "Having fun yet?" |
| | 524 | |
| | 525 | |
| | 526 | class MyApp(wx.App): |
| | 527 | def OnInit(self): |
| | 528 | frame = MyFrame(None, "Simple wxPython App") |
| | 529 | self.SetTopWindow(frame) |
| | 530 | |
| | 531 | print "Print statements go to this stdout window by default." |
| | 532 | |
| | 533 | frame.Show(True) |
| | 534 | return True |
| | 535 | |
| | 536 | app = MyApp(redirect=True) |
| | 537 | app.MainLoop() |
| | 538 | |
| | 539 | |
| | 540 | </pre> |
| | 541 | </div> |
| | 542 | </div> |
| | 543 | </body> |
| | 544 | </html> |
projects / wxWidgets.git / blame_incremental