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4 | <HEAD> | |
5 | <TITLE>wxWindows 2 FAQ: General</TITLE> | |
6 | </HEAD> | |
7 | ||
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10 | <font face="Arial, Lucida Sans, Helvetica"> | |
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4e4dc03d | 12 | <table width=100% border=0 cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0> |
ce3ed50d | 13 | <tr> |
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14 | <td bgcolor="#004080" align=left height=24 background="images/bluetitlegradient.gif"> |
15 | <font size=+1 face="Arial, Lucida Sans, Helvetica" color="#FFFFFF"> | |
16 | <b>wxWindows 2 FAQ: General</b> | |
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17 | </font> |
18 | </td> | |
19 | </tr> | |
20 | </table> | |
21 | ||
22 | <P> | |
23 | ||
24 | See also <a href="faq.htm">top-level FAQ page</a>. | |
25 | <hr> | |
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26 | <h3>List of questions in this category</h3> |
27 | <ul> | |
28 | <li><a href="#whatis">What is wxWindows?</a></li> | |
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29 | <li><a href="#licence">Can I use wxWindows 2 for both proprietary projects, and GPL'ed projects?</a></li> |
30 | <li><a href="#support">Is there support?</a></li> | |
8b283bb8 | 31 | <li><a href="#users">Who uses wxWindows?</a></li> |
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32 | <li><a href="#platforms">What platforms are supported by wxWindows?</a></li> |
33 | <li><a href="#specific">How does wxWindows support platform-specific features?</a></li> | |
8b283bb8 | 34 | <li><a href="#stl">Does wxWindows use STL? or the standard string class?</a></li> |
2b5f62a0 | 35 | <li><a href="#richedit">Is there a rich edit/markup widget for wxWindows?</a></ li> |
53e112a0 | 36 | <li><a href="#exceptions">How to use C++ exceptions with wxWindows?</a></ li> |
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37 | <li><a href="#dev">How is wxWindows being developed?</a></li> |
38 | <li><a href="#distrib">How is wxWindows distributed?</a></li> | |
8b283bb8 | 39 | <li><a href="#future">What are the plans for the future?</a></li> |
2b5f62a0 | 40 | <li><a href="#base">What is wxBase?</a></li> |
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41 | <li><a href="#univ">What is wxUniversal?</a></li> |
42 | <li><a href="#jave">What about Java?</a></li> | |
43 | <li><a href="#help">How can I help the project?</a></li> | |
44 | </ul> | |
45 | <hr> | |
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46 | |
47 | <H3><a name="whatis">What is wxWindows?</a></H3> | |
48 | ||
49 | wxWindows is a class library that allows you to compile graphical C++ programs on a range of | |
50 | different platforms. wxWindows defines a common API across platforms, but uses the native graphical user interface (GUI) on each platform, | |
8b283bb8 | 51 | so your program will take on the native 'look and feel' that users are familiar with.<P> |
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52 | |
53 | Although GUI applications are mostly built programmatically, there is a dialog editor to help | |
8b283bb8 | 54 | build attractive dialogs and panels. Robert Roebling's <a href="http://www.roebling.com">wxDesigner</a> |
51ab9400 | 55 | makes light work of resizable, portable dialogs.<P> |
ce3ed50d | 56 | |
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57 | You don't have to use C++ to use wxWindows: there is a <a href="http://wxpython.org">Python interface</a> for wxWindows 2, |
58 | and also a <a href="http://wxperl.sourceforge.net" target=_top>Perl interface</a>. | |
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59 | <P> |
60 | ||
2b5f62a0 | 61 | <h3><a name="licence">Can I use wxWindows 2 for both proprietary (commercial) projects, and GPL'ed projects?</a></h3> |
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62 | |
63 | Yes. Please see the <a href="newlicen.htm">licence</a> for details, but basically | |
64 | you can distribute proprietary binaries without distributing any source code, and neither will wxWindows | |
65 | conflict with GPL code you may be using or developing with it. | |
66 | <P> | |
67 | The conditions for using wxWindows 2 are the same whether you are a personal, academic | |
68 | or commercial developer. | |
69 | <P> | |
70 | ||
2b5f62a0 | 71 | <h3><a name="support">Is there support?</a></h3> |
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72 | |
73 | No official support, but the mailing list is very helpful and some people say that | |
74 | wxWindows support is better than for much commercial software. The developers are | |
75 | keen to fix bugs as soon as possible, though obviously there are no guarantees. | |
76 | <P> | |
77 | ||
78 | <H3><a name="users">Who uses wxWindows?</a></H3> | |
79 | ||
80 | Many organisations - commercial, government, and academic - across the | |
8b283bb8 | 81 | world. It's impossible to estimate the true number of users, since |
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82 | wxWindows is obtained by many different means, and we cannot monitor |
83 | distribution. The mailing list contains around 300-400 entries which is | |
84 | quite large for a list of this type.<P> | |
85 | ||
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86 | See <a href="users.htm">Users</a> for a list of some users and their applications, and |
87 | also <A href="feedback.htm">Feedback</a> for comments.<P> | |
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88 | Our highest-profile user yet is industry veteran and Lotus Corp. founder Mitch Kapor |
89 | and his <a href="http://www.osafoundation.org" target=_new>Open Source Applications Foundation</a>. | |
90 | <P> | |
b953bdc2 | 91 | |
8b283bb8 | 92 | <H3><a name="platforms">What platforms are supported by wxWindows 2?</a></H3> |
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93 | |
94 | <ul> | |
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95 | <li>Windows 3.1, Windows 95/98, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows ME. |
96 | <li>Linux and other Unix platforms with GTK+. | |
97 | <li>Unix with Motif or the free Motif clone Lesstif. | |
98 | <li>Mac OS. | |
99 | <li>Embedded platforms are being investigated. See the <a href="wxuniv.htm">wxUniversal</a> project. | |
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100 | <li>An OS/2 port is in progress, and you can also compile wxWindows for GTK+ or Motif |
101 | on OS/2. | |
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102 | </ul> |
103 | <P> | |
104 | ||
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105 | <H3><a name="specific">How does wxWindows 2 support platform-specific |
106 | features?</a></H3> | |
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107 | |
108 | This is a hotly-debated topic amongst the developers. My own philosophy | |
109 | is to make wxWindows as platform-independent as possible, but allow in a | |
110 | few classes (functions, window styles) that are platform-specific. | |
111 | For example, Windows metafiles and Windows 95 taskbar icons have | |
112 | their own classes on Windows, but nowhere else. Because these classes | |
8b283bb8 | 113 | are provided and are wxWindows-compatible, it doesn't take much |
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114 | coding effort for an application programmer to add support for |
115 | some functionality that the user on a particular platform might otherwise | |
116 | miss. Also, some classes that started off as platform-specific, such | |
117 | as the MDI classes, have been emulated on other platforms. I can imagine | |
118 | that even wxTaskBarIcon may be implemented for Unix desktops one day. | |
119 | <P> | |
120 | ||
8b283bb8 | 121 | In other words, wxWindows is not a 'lowest common denominator' approach, |
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122 | but it will still be possible to write portable programs using the |
123 | core API. Forbidding some platform-specific classes would be a stupid | |
124 | approach that would alienate many potential users, and encourage | |
125 | the perception that toolkits such as wxWindows are not up to the demands | |
8b283bb8 | 126 | of today's sophisticated applications.<P> |
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127 | |
128 | Currently resources such as bitmaps and icons are handled in a platform-specific | |
129 | way, but it is hoped to reduce this dependence in due course.<P> | |
130 | ||
8b283bb8 | 131 | Another reason why wxWindows 2 is not a 'lowest common denominator' toolkit is that |
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132 | some functionality missing on some platform has been provided using generic, |
133 | platform-independent code, such as the wxTreeCtrl and wxListCtrl classes.<P> | |
134 | ||
8b283bb8 | 135 | <H3><a name="stl">Does wxWindows use STL? or the standard string class?</a></H3> |
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136 | |
137 | No. This is a much-discussed topic that has (many times) ended with the conclusion that it is in | |
8b283bb8 | 138 | wxWindows' best interests to avoid use of templates. Not all compilers can handle |
b953bdc2 | 139 | templates adequately so it would dramatically reduce the number of compilers |
cd508246 | 140 | and platforms that could be supported. It would also be undersirable to make |
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141 | wxWindows dependent on another large library that may have to be downloaded and installed. |
142 | In addition, use of templates can lead to executable bloat, which is something | |
cd508246 | 143 | wxWindows 2 is strenously trying to avoid.<P> |
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144 | |
145 | The standard C++ string class is not used, again because it is not available to all compilers, | |
146 | and it is not necessarily a very efficient implementation. Also, we retain more flexibility | |
147 | by being able to modify our own string class. Some compatibility with the string class | |
148 | has been built into wxString.<P> | |
149 | ||
150 | There is nothing to stop an application using templates or the string class for its own | |
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151 | purposes. With wxWindows debugging options on, you may find you get errors when including |
152 | STL headers. You can work around it either by switching off memory checking, | |
153 | or by adding this to a header before you include any STL files:<P> | |
154 | ||
155 | <PRE> | |
156 | #ifdef new | |
157 | #undef new | |
158 | #endif | |
159 | </PRE> | |
160 | ||
161 | <P> | |
162 | ||
b953bdc2 | 163 | |
8b283bb8 | 164 | <H3><a name="richedit">Is there a rich edit/markup widget for wxWindows 2?</a></H3> |
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165 | |
166 | These are the possibilities so far:<P> | |
167 | ||
168 | <ul> | |
790ad94f | 169 | <li>See <a href="http://www.scintilla.org" target=_top>www.scintilla.org</a> for |
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170 | a very nice syntax-highlighting editor widget. Robin Dunn has written a wxWindows wrapper |
171 | for this widget, available in the wxWindows distribution under contrib/src/stc. | |
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172 | <li>If you only need to display marked-up information, rather than edit it, |
173 | then wxHTML will suit your needs. wxHTML is built into wxWindows - please see the reference | |
174 | manual for details, and samples/html. | |
175 | <li>There are rich edit widgets in both WIN32 and GTK+, but there is currently | |
8b283bb8 | 176 | no wxWindows wrapper for these (but text attribute functions are being added in the wxWindows 2.3.x series). |
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177 | </ul> |
178 | ||
179 | <P> | |
180 | ||
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181 | <h3><a name="exceptions">How to use C++ exceptions with wxWindows?</a></h3> |
182 | ||
183 | wxWindows library itself is unfortunately <i>not</i> exception-safe (as its | |
184 | initial version predates, by far, the addition of the exceptions to the C++ | |
185 | language). However you can still use the exceptions in your own code and use | |
186 | the other libraries using the exceptions for the error reporting together with | |
187 | wxWindows. | |
188 | ||
189 | <p> | |
190 | There are a few issues to keep in mind, though: | |
191 | <ul> | |
192 | <li>You shouldn't let the exceptions propagate through wxWindows code, | |
193 | in particular you should always catch the exceptions thrown by the | |
194 | functions called from an event handler in the handler itself and not | |
195 | let them propagate upwards to wxWindows. | |
196 | ||
197 | <li>You may need to ensure that the compiler support for the exceptions is | |
198 | enabled as, considering that wxWindows itself doesn't use the | |
199 | exceptions and turning their support on results in the library size | |
200 | augmentation of 10% to 20%, it is turned off by default for a few | |
201 | compilers. Moreover, for gcc (or at least its mingw version) you must | |
202 | also turn on the RTTI support to be able to use the exceptions, so you | |
203 | should use <tt>--disable-no_rtti --disable-no_exceptions</tt> options | |
204 | when configuring the library (attention to the double negation). | |
205 | </ul> | |
206 | ||
207 | <p> | |
208 | ||
2b5f62a0 | 209 | <H3><a name="dev">How is wxWindows being developed?</a></H3> |
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210 | |
211 | We are using the <a href="cvs.htm">CVS</a> system to develop and maintain wxWindows. This allows | |
2b5f62a0 | 212 | us to make alterations and upload them instantly to the server, from |
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213 | which others can update their source.<P> |
214 | ||
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215 | To build source from CVS, see the file BuildCVS.txt in the top-level wxWindows distribution |
216 | directory.<P> | |
217 | ||
2b5f62a0 | 218 | <H3><a name="distrib">How is wxWindows distributed?</a></H3> |
b953bdc2 | 219 | |
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220 | By ftp, and via the <a href="cdrom2.htm">wxWindows CD-ROM</a>. |
221 | <P> | |
222 | If you are feeling adventurous, you may also check out the sources directly | |
2b5f62a0 | 223 | from <a href="cvs.htm">cvs</a>. |
8b283bb8 | 224 | <p> |
b953bdc2 | 225 | |
8b283bb8 | 226 | <H3><a name="future">What are the plans for the future?</a></H3> |
b953bdc2 | 227 | |
2b5f62a0 | 228 | Currently we're working too hard on getting wxWindows finished (are GUI toolkits ever |
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229 | finished?) to think very far ahead. However, we know we want to make wxWindows as robust |
230 | and well-publicised as possible. We also want to aim for better platform-independence of | |
2b5f62a0 | 231 | resources such as icons and bitmaps, standardising on PNG and XPM for all platforms.<P> |
b953bdc2 | 232 | |
91c93c99 | 233 | Other possibilities include: DCOM/CORBA compatibility; a wxWindows book; |
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234 | <a href="http://wxworkshop.sourceforge.net/">wxWorkshop</a>, an IDE; |
235 | other platforms, especially embedded systems; other interface abilities such as speech output.<P> | |
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236 | |
237 | We will investigate the possibility of compiler or operating system vendors bundling wxWindows with | |
238 | their product.<P> | |
239 | ||
240 | The high-level goal of wxWindows is to be thought of as the number one C++ framework, | |
241 | for virtually any platform. Move over, MFC!<P> | |
242 | ||
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243 | <h3><a name="base">What is wxBase?</a></h3> |
244 | ||
245 | wxBase is a subset of wxWindows comprised by the non-GUI classes. It includes | |
246 | wxWindows container and primitive data type classes (including wxString, | |
247 | wxDateTime and so on) and also useful wrappers for the operating system objects | |
248 | such as files, processes, threads, sockets and so on. With very minor | |
249 | exceptions wxBase may be used in exactly the same way as wxWindows but it | |
250 | doesn't require a GUI to run and so is ideal for creating console mode | |
251 | utilities or server programs. It is also possible to create a program which can | |
252 | be compiled either as a console application (using wxBase) or a GUI one (using | |
253 | a full featured wxWindows port). | |
254 | ||
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255 | <H3><a name="univ">What is wxUniversal?</a></H3> |
256 | ||
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257 | The main difference between wxUniversal-based ports (such as wxX11, wxMGL) and other ports (such as wxMSW, wxGTK+, wxMac) |
258 | is that wxUniversal implements all controls (or widgets) in | |
259 | wxWindows itself thus allowing to have much more flexibility (for example, support for | |
260 | themes even under MS Windows). It also means that it is now much easier to | |
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261 | port wxWindows to a new platform as only the low-level classes must be ported |
262 | which make for a small part of the library. | |
263 | <p> | |
264 | You may find more about wxUniversal <a href=wxuniv.htm>here</a>. | |
265 | ||
266 | <H3><a name="jave">What about Java?</a></H3> | |
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267 | |
268 | The Java honeymoon period is over :-) and people are realising that it cannot | |
8b283bb8 | 269 | meet all their cross-platform development needs. We don't anticipate a major threat |
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270 | from Java, and the level of interest in wxWindows is as high as ever.<P> |
271 | ||
8b283bb8 | 272 | <H3><a name="help">How can I help the project?</a></H3> |
b953bdc2 | 273 | |
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274 | Please check out the <a href="http://www.wxwindows.org/develop2.htm">Community</a> pages, |
275 | in particular the <a href="projects.htm">suggested projects</a>, and | |
2b5f62a0 | 276 | mail the developers' mailing list with your own suggestions.<P> |
b953bdc2 | 277 | |
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278 | </font> |
279 | ||
280 | </BODY> | |
281 | ||
282 | </HTML> |