X-Git-Url: https://git.saurik.com/cycript.git/blobdiff_plain/3b52fd1a20c639d7a716d3e0f3176a55f2fcba72..51b2dc6b0c969f9297c8464cb91e93d65819e0ae:/Replace.cpp?ds=sidebyside

diff --git a/Replace.cpp b/Replace.cpp
index 7d861c9..ac673ad 100644
--- a/Replace.cpp
+++ b/Replace.cpp
@@ -1,115 +1,106 @@
-#include "Parser.hpp"
+/* Cycript - Optimizing JavaScript Compiler/Runtime
+ * Copyright (C) 2009-2015  Jay Freeman (saurik)
+*/
+
+/* GNU Affero General Public License, Version 3 {{{ */
+/*
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+**/
+/* }}} */
 
-#include <iostream>
 #include <iomanip>
 
-#include <objc/runtime.h>
-#include <sstream>
-
-#define $ \
-    new(context.pool_)
-
-#define $D(args...) \
-    ($ CYNumber(args))
-#define $E(args...) \
-    ($ CYExpress(args))
-#define $F(args...) \
-    ($ CYFunctionExpression(args))
-#define $I(args...) \
-    ($ CYIdentifier(args))
-#define $M(args...) \
-    ($ CYDirectMember(args))
-#define $P(args...) \
-    ($ CYFunctionParameter(args))
-#define $S(args...) \
-    ($ CYString(args))
-#define $V(name) \
-    ($ CYVariable($I(name)))
-
-#define $T(value) \
-    if (this == NULL) \
-        return value;
-#define $$ \
-    CYStatements()
-
-#define $P1(arg0, args...) \
-    $P($I(arg0), ##args)
-#define $P2(arg0, arg1, args...) \
-    $P($I(arg0), $P1(arg1, ##args))
-#define $P3(arg0, arg1, arg2, args...) \
-    $P($I(arg0), $P2(arg1, arg2, ##args))
-#define $P4(arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, args...) \
-    $P($I(arg0), $P3(arg1, arg2, arg3, ##args))
-#define $P5(arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, args...) \
-    $P($I(arg0), $P4(arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, ##args))
-#define $P6(arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, args...) \
-    $P($I(arg0), $P5(arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, ##args))
-
-#define $C(args...) \
-    ($ CYCall(args))
-#define $C_(args...) \
-    ($ CYArgument(args))
-#define $N(args...) \
-    ($ CYNew(args))
-
-#define $C1_(arg0, args...) \
-    $C_(arg0, ##args)
-#define $C2_(arg0, arg1, args...) \
-    $C_(arg0, $C1_(arg1, ##args))
-#define $C3_(arg0, arg1, arg2, args...) \
-    $C_(arg0, $C2_(arg1, arg2, ##args))
-#define $C4_(arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, args...) \
-    $C_(arg0, $C3_(arg1, arg2, arg3, ##args))
-#define $C5_(arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, args...) \
-    $C_(arg0, $C4_(arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, ##args))
-#define $C6_(arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, args...) \
-    $C_(arg0, $C5_(arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, ##args))
-
-#define $C0(func, args...) \
-    $C(func, ##args)
-#define $C1(func, args...) \
-    $C(func, $C1_(args))
-#define $C2(func, args...) \
-    $C(func, $C2_(args))
-#define $C3(func, args...) \
-    $C(func, $C3_(args))
-#define $C4(func, args...) \
-    $C(func, $C4_(args))
-#define $C5(func, args...) \
-    $C(func, $C5_(args))
-
-#define $N0(func, args...) \
-    $N(func, ##args)
-#define $N1(func, args...) \
-    $N(func, $C1_(args))
-#define $N2(func, args...) \
-    $N(func, $C2_(args))
-#define $N3(func, args...) \
-    $N(func, $C3_(args))
-#define $N4(func, args...) \
-    $N(func, $C4_(args))
-#define $N5(func, args...) \
-    $N(func, $C5_(args))
+#include "Replace.hpp"
+#include "Syntax.hpp"
+
+CYFunctionExpression *CYNonLocalize(CYContext &context, CYFunctionExpression *function) {
+    function->nonlocal_ = context.nextlocal_;
+    return function;
+}
+
+CYFunctionExpression *CYSuperize(CYContext &context, CYFunctionExpression *function) {
+    function->super_ = context.super_;
+    return function;
+}
+
+CYStatement *CYDefineProperty(CYExpression *object, CYExpression *name, bool configurable, bool enumerable, CYProperty *descriptor) {
+    return $E($C3($M($V("Object"), $S("defineProperty")), object, name, $ CYObject(CYList<CYProperty>()
+        ->* (configurable ? $ CYPropertyValue($S("configurable"), $ CYTrue()) : NULL)
+        ->* (enumerable ? $ CYPropertyValue($S("enumerable"), $ CYTrue()) : NULL)
+        ->* descriptor)));
+}
+
+static void CYImplicitReturn(CYStatement *&code) {
+    if (CYStatement *&last = CYGetLast(code))
+        last = last->Return();
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYAdd::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    CYInfix::Replace(context);
+
+    CYString *lhs(dynamic_cast<CYString *>(lhs_));
+    CYString *rhs(dynamic_cast<CYString *>(rhs_));
+
+    if (lhs != NULL || rhs != NULL) {
+        if (lhs == NULL) {
+            lhs = lhs_->String(context);
+            if (lhs == NULL)
+                return this;
+        } else if (rhs == NULL) {
+            rhs = rhs_->String(context);
+            if (rhs == NULL)
+                return this;
+        }
+
+        return lhs->Concat(context, rhs);
+    }
+
+    if (CYNumber *lhn = lhs_->Number(context))
+        if (CYNumber *rhn = rhs_->Number(context))
+            return $D(lhn->Value() + rhn->Value());
+
+    return this;
+}
 
 CYExpression *CYAddressOf::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    CYPrefix::Replace(context);
     return $C0($M(rhs_, $S("$cya")));
 }
 
-void CYArgument::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
+CYArgument *CYArgument::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
     context.Replace(value_);
-    next_->Replace(context);
+    next_ = next_->Replace(context);
+
+    if (value_ == NULL) {
+        if (next_ == NULL)
+            return NULL;
+        else
+            value_ = $U;
+    }
+
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYArray::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    elements_->Replace(context);
-    return NULL;
+    if (elements_ != NULL)
+        elements_->Replace(context);
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYArrayComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     CYVariable *cyv($V("$cyv"));
 
-    return $C0($F(NULL, $P1("$cyv", comprehensions_->Parameters(context)), $$->*
+    return $C0($F(NULL, $P1($L($I("$cyv")), comprehensions_->Parameters(context)), $$->*
         $E($ CYAssign(cyv, $ CYArray()))->*
         comprehensions_->Replace(context, $E($C1($M(cyv, $S("push")), expression_)))->*
         $ CYReturn(cyv)
@@ -119,71 +110,124 @@ CYExpression *CYArrayComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context) {
 CYExpression *CYAssignment::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(lhs_);
     context.Replace(rhs_);
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYStatement *CYBlock::Return() {
+    CYImplicitReturn(code_);
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYBlock::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    statements_ = statements_->ReplaceAll(context);
-    return NULL;
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
+    if (code_ == NULL)
+        return $ CYEmpty();
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYBreak::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYCall::AddArgument(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
+    CYArgument **argument(&arguments_);
+    while (*argument != NULL)
+        argument = &(*argument)->next_;
+    *argument = $ CYArgument(value);
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYCall::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(function_);
     arguments_->Replace(context);
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
 }
 
-void CYCatch::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
-    code_.Replace(context);
-}
+namespace cy {
+namespace Syntax {
+
+void Catch::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
+    CYScope scope(true, context);
 
-CYStatement *CYCategory::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    CYVariable *cyc($V("$cyc")), *cys($V("$cys"));
+    context.Replace(name_);
+    context.scope_->Declare(context, name_, CYIdentifierCatch);
 
-    return $E($C1($F(NULL, $P5("$cys", "$cyp", "$cyc", "$cyn", "$cyt"), $$->*
-        $E($ CYAssign($V("$cyp"), $C1($V("object_getClass"), cys)))->*
-        $E($ CYAssign(cyc, cys))->*
-        messages_->Replace(context, true)
-    ), name_->ClassName(context, true)));
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
+    scope.Close(context, code_);
 }
 
-CYExpression *CYClass::Replace_(CYContext &context) {
-    CYVariable *cyc($V("$cyc")), *cys($V("$cys"));
+} }
 
-    CYExpression *name(name_ != NULL ? name_->ClassName(context, false) : $C1($V("$cyq"), $S("CY$")));
+CYExpression *CYClassExpression::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    CYBuilder builder;
 
-    return $C1($F(NULL, $P6("$cys", "$cyp", "$cyc", "$cyn", "$cyt", "$cym"), $$->*
-        $E($ CYAssign($V("$cyp"), $C1($V("object_getClass"), cys)))->*
-        $E($ CYAssign(cyc, $C3($V("objc_allocateClassPair"), cys, name, $D(0))))->*
-        $E($ CYAssign($V("$cym"), $C1($V("object_getClass"), cyc)))->*
-        fields_->Replace(context)->*
-        messages_->Replace(context, false)->*
-        $E($C1($V("objc_registerClassPair"), cyc))->*
-        $ CYReturn(cyc)
-    ), super_ == NULL ? $ CYNull() : super_);
-}
+    CYIdentifier *super(context.Unique());
 
-CYExpression *CYClassExpression::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    return Replace_(context);
+    CYIdentifier *old(context.super_);
+    context.super_ = super;
+
+    CYIdentifier *constructor(context.Unique());
+    CYForEach (member, tail_->static_)
+        member->Replace(context, builder, $V(constructor), true);
+
+    CYIdentifier *prototype(context.Unique());
+    CYForEach (member, tail_->instance_)
+        member->Replace(context, builder, $V(prototype), true);
+
+    if (tail_->constructor_ == NULL)
+        tail_->constructor_ = $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, NULL, NULL);
+    tail_->constructor_ = CYSuperize(context, tail_->constructor_);
+
+    context.super_ = old;
+
+    return $C1($ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, $P($L(super)), $$
+        ->* $ CYVar($L1($L(constructor, tail_->constructor_)))
+        ->* $ CYVar($L1($L(prototype, $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, NULL, NULL))))
+        ->* $E($ CYAssign($M($V(prototype), $S("prototype")), $M($V(super), $S("prototype"))))
+        ->* $E($ CYAssign($V(prototype), $N($V(prototype))))
+        ->* CYDefineProperty($V(prototype), $S("constructor"), false, false, $ CYPropertyValue($S("value"), $V(constructor)))
+        ->* $ CYVar(builder.declarations_)
+        ->* builder.statements_
+        ->* CYDefineProperty($V(constructor), $S("prototype"), false, false, $ CYPropertyValue($S("value"), $V(prototype)))
+        ->* $ CYReturn($V(constructor))
+    ), tail_->extends_ ?: $V($I("Object")));
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYClassStatement::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    return $E(Replace_(context));
+    return $ CYVar($L1($L(name_, $ CYClassExpression(name_, tail_))));
 }
 
 void CYClause::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
     context.Replace(case_);
-    statements_ = statements_->ReplaceAll(context);
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
     next_->Replace(context);
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYCompound::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    expressions_ = expressions_->ReplaceAll(context);
-    return NULL;
+    context.Replace(expression_);
+    context.Replace(next_);
+
+    if (CYCompound *compound = dynamic_cast<CYCompound *>(expression_)) {
+        expression_ = compound->expression_;
+        compound->expression_ = compound->next_;
+        compound->next_ = next_;
+        next_ = compound;
+    }
+
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYFunctionParameter *CYCompound::Parameter() const {
+    CYFunctionParameter *next(next_->Parameter());
+    if (next == NULL)
+        return NULL;
+
+    CYFunctionParameter *parameter(expression_->Parameter());
+    if (parameter == NULL)
+        return NULL;
+
+    parameter->SetNext(next);
+    return parameter;
 }
 
 CYFunctionParameter *CYComprehension::Parameters(CYContext &context) const { $T(NULL)
@@ -199,23 +243,76 @@ CYStatement *CYComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context, CYStatement *statement
     return next_ == NULL ? statement : next_->Replace(context, statement);
 }
 
+CYExpression *CYComputed::PropertyName(CYContext &context) {
+    return expression_;
+}
+
 CYExpression *CYCondition::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(test_);
     context.Replace(true_);
     context.Replace(false_);
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
+}
+
+void CYContext::NonLocal(CYStatement *&statements) {
+    CYContext &context(*this);
+
+    if (nextlocal_ != NULL && nextlocal_->identifier_ != NULL) {
+        CYIdentifier *cye($I("$cye")->Replace(context));
+        CYIdentifier *unique(nextlocal_->identifier_->Replace(context));
+
+        CYStatement *declare(
+            $ CYVar($L1($L(unique, $ CYObject()))));
+
+        cy::Syntax::Catch *rescue(
+            $ cy::Syntax::Catch(cye, $$->*
+                $ CYIf($ CYIdentical($M($V(cye), $S("$cyk")), $V(unique)), $$->*
+                    $ CYReturn($M($V(cye), $S("$cyv"))))->*
+                $ cy::Syntax::Throw($V(cye))));
+
+        // XXX: I don't understand any of this
+        context.Replace(declare);
+        rescue->Replace(context);
+
+        statements = $$->*
+            declare->*
+            $ cy::Syntax::Try(statements, rescue, NULL);
+    }
+}
+
+CYIdentifier *CYContext::Unique() {
+    return $ CYIdentifier($pool.strcat("$cy", $pool.itoa(unique_++), NULL));
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYContinue::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
 }
 
-CYExpression *CYDeclaration::ForEachIn(CYContext &context) {
-    return $ CYVariable(identifier_);
+CYStatement *CYDebugger::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return this;
 }
 
-void CYDeclaration::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    context.Replace(initialiser_);
+CYAssignment *CYDeclaration::Assignment(CYContext &context) {
+    if (initialiser_ == NULL)
+        return NULL;
+
+    CYAssignment *value($ CYAssign(Variable(context), initialiser_));
+    initialiser_ = NULL;
+    return value;
+}
+
+CYVariable *CYDeclaration::Variable(CYContext &context) {
+    return $V(identifier_);
+}
+
+CYStatement *CYDeclaration::ForEachIn(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
+    return $ CYVar($L1($ CYDeclaration(identifier_, value)));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYDeclaration::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    context.Replace(identifier_);
+    context.scope_->Declare(context, identifier_, CYIdentifierVariable);
+    return Variable(context);
 }
 
 void CYDeclarations::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
@@ -223,129 +320,267 @@ void CYDeclarations::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
     next_->Replace(context);
 }
 
+CYFunctionParameter *CYDeclarations::Parameter(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
+    return $ CYFunctionParameter($ CYDeclaration(declaration_->identifier_), next_->Parameter(context));
+}
+
+CYArgument *CYDeclarations::Argument(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
+    return $ CYArgument(declaration_->initialiser_, next_->Argument(context));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYDeclarations::Expression(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
+    CYExpression *compound(next_->Expression(context));
+    if (CYAssignment *assignment = declaration_->Assignment(context))
+        if (compound == NULL)
+            compound = assignment;
+        else
+            compound = $ CYCompound(assignment, compound);
+    return compound;
+}
+
 CYExpression *CYDirectMember::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    Replace_(context);
-    return NULL;
+    context.Replace(object_);
+    context.Replace(property_);
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYDoWhile::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(test_);
-    context.Replace(code_);
-    return NULL;
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
+    return this;
 }
 
-void CYElement::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
+void CYElementSpread::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(value_);
-    next_->Replace(context);
+}
+
+void CYElementValue::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    context.Replace(value_);
+    if (next_ != NULL)
+        next_->Replace(context);
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYEmpty::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     return NULL;
 }
 
-CYStatement *CYExpress::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    context.Replace(expression_);
-    return NULL;
+CYExpression *CYEncodedType::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return typed_->Replace(context);
 }
 
-CYExpression *CYExpression::ClassName(CYContext &context, bool object) {
-    return this;
+CYStatement *CYExpress::Return() {
+    return $ CYReturn(expression_);
 }
 
-CYExpression *CYExpression::ForEachIn(CYContext &context) {
+CYStatement *CYExpress::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    context.Replace(expression_);
     return this;
 }
 
-CYExpression *CYExpression::ReplaceAll(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
-    CYExpression *replace(this);
-    context.Replace(replace);
+CYExpression *CYExpression::AddArgument(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
+    return $C1(this, value);
+}
 
-    if (CYExpression *next = next_->ReplaceAll(context))
-        replace->SetNext(next);
-    else
-        replace->SetNext(next_);
+CYStatement *CYExpression::ForEachIn(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
+    return $E($ CYAssign(this, value));
+}
 
-    return replace;
+CYAssignment *CYExpression::Assignment(CYContext &context) {
+    return NULL;
 }
 
-CYStatement *CYField::Replace(CYContext &context) const {
+CYFunctionParameter *CYExpression::Parameter() const {
     return NULL;
 }
 
+CYStatement *CYExternal::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $E($ CYAssign($V(typed_->identifier_), $C1(typed_->Replace(context), $C2($V("dlsym"), $V("RTLD_DEFAULT"), $S(typed_->identifier_->Word())))));
+}
+
+CYNumber *CYFalse::Number(CYContext &context) {
+    return $D(0);
+}
+
+CYString *CYFalse::String(CYContext &context) {
+    return $S("false");
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYFatArrow::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    CYFunctionExpression *function($ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_));
+    function->this_.SetNext(context.this_);
+    return function;
+}
+
 void CYFinally::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
-    code_.Replace(context);
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYFor::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    // XXX: initialiser_
+    context.Replace(initialiser_);
     context.Replace(test_);
     context.Replace(increment_);
-    context.Replace(code_);
-    return NULL;
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYForDeclarations::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    declarations_->Replace(context);
+    return declarations_->Expression(context);
 }
 
+// XXX: this still feels highly suboptimal
 CYStatement *CYForIn::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    // XXX: initialiser_
+    if (CYAssignment *assignment = initialiser_->Assignment(context))
+        return $ CYBlock($$->*
+            $E(assignment)->*
+            this
+        );
+
+    context.Replace(initialiser_);
     context.Replace(set_);
-    context.Replace(code_);
-    return NULL;
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYFunctionParameter *CYForInComprehension::Parameter(CYContext &context) const {
-    return $ CYFunctionParameter(name_);
+    return $ CYFunctionParameter(declaration_);
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYForInComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context, CYStatement *statement) const {
-    return $ CYForIn($ CYVariable(name_), set_, CYComprehension::Replace(context, statement));
+    return $ CYForIn(declaration_->Variable(context), set_, CYComprehension::Replace(context, statement));
 }
 
-CYStatement *CYForEachIn::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    CYVariable *cys($V("$cys")), *cyt($V("$cyt"));
+CYStatement *CYForOf::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    if (CYAssignment *assignment = initialiser_->Assignment(context))
+        return $ CYBlock($$->*
+            $E(assignment)->*
+            this
+        );
 
-    return $ CYWith($ CYObject($ CYProperty($S("$cys"), $D(0), $ CYProperty($S("$cyt"), $D(0)))), $ CYBlock($$->*
-        $E($ CYAssign(cys, set_))->*
-        $ CYForIn(cyt, cys, $ CYBlock($$->*
-            $E($ CYAssign(initialiser_->ForEachIn(context), $M(cys, cyt)))->*
-            code_
-        ))
-    ));
+    CYIdentifier *cys(context.Unique()), *cyt(context.Unique());
+
+    return $ CYBlock($$
+        ->* $ CYLet($L2($L(cys, set_), $L(cyt)))
+        ->* $ CYForIn($V(cyt), $V(cys), $ CYBlock($$
+            ->* initialiser_->ForEachIn(context, $M($V(cys), $V(cyt)))
+            ->* code_
+    )));
 }
 
-CYFunctionParameter *CYForEachInComprehension::Parameter(CYContext &context) const {
-    return $ CYFunctionParameter(name_);
+CYFunctionParameter *CYForOfComprehension::Parameter(CYContext &context) const {
+    return $ CYFunctionParameter(declaration_);
 }
 
-CYStatement *CYForEachInComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context, CYStatement *statement) const {
-    CYVariable *cys($V("$cys")), *name($ CYVariable(name_));
+CYStatement *CYForOfComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context, CYStatement *statement) const {
+    CYIdentifier *cys($I("$cys"));
 
-    return $E($C0($F(NULL, $P1("$cys"), $$->*
-        $E($ CYAssign(cys, set_))->*
-        $ CYForIn(name, cys, $ CYBlock($$->*
-            $E($ CYAssign(name, $M(cys, name)))->*
+    return $E($C0($F(NULL, $P1($L($I("$cys"))), $$->*
+        $E($ CYAssign($V(cys), set_))->*
+        $ CYForIn(declaration_->Variable(context), $V(cys), $ CYBlock($$->*
+            $E($ CYAssign(declaration_->Variable(context), $M($V(cys), declaration_->Variable(context))))->*
             CYComprehension::Replace(context, statement)
         ))
     )));
 }
 
-void CYFunction::Replace_(CYContext &context) {
-    code_.Replace(context);
+void CYFunction::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    CYThisScope *_this(context.this_);
+    context.this_ = &this_;
+    context.this_ = CYGetLast(context.this_);
+
+    CYIdentifier *super(context.super_);
+    context.super_ = super_;
+
+    CYNonLocal *nonlocal(context.nonlocal_);
+    CYNonLocal *nextlocal(context.nextlocal_);
+
+    bool localize;
+    if (nonlocal_ != NULL) {
+        localize = false;
+        context.nonlocal_ = nonlocal_;
+    } else {
+        localize = true;
+        nonlocal_ = $ CYNonLocal();
+        context.nextlocal_ = nonlocal_;
+    }
+
+    CYScope scope(!localize, context);
+
+    parameters_->Replace(context, code_);
+
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
+
+    if (implicit_)
+        CYImplicitReturn(code_);
+
+    if (CYIdentifier *identifier = this_.identifier_) {
+        context.scope_->Declare(context, identifier, CYIdentifierVariable);
+        code_ = $$
+            ->*$E($ CYAssign($V(identifier), $ CYThis()))
+            ->*code_
+        ;
+    }
+
+    if (localize)
+        context.NonLocal(code_);
+
+    context.nextlocal_ = nextlocal;
+    context.nonlocal_ = nonlocal;
+
+    context.super_ = super;
+    context.this_ = _this;
+
+    scope.Close(context, code_);
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYFunctionExpression::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    Replace_(context);
-    return NULL;
+    CYScope scope(false, context);
+    if (name_ != NULL)
+        context.scope_->Declare(context, name_, CYIdentifierOther);
+    CYFunction::Replace(context);
+    scope.Close(context, code_);
+    return this;
+}
+
+void CYFunctionParameter::Replace(CYContext &context, CYStatement *&statements) { $T()
+    CYAssignment *assignment(initialiser_->Assignment(context));
+    context.Replace(initialiser_);
+
+    next_->Replace(context, statements);
+
+    if (assignment != NULL)
+        statements = $$->*
+            // XXX: this cast is quite incorrect
+            $ CYIf($ CYIdentical($ CYTypeOf(dynamic_cast<CYExpression *>(initialiser_)), $S("undefined")), $$->*
+                $E(assignment)
+            )->*
+            statements;
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYFunctionStatement::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    Replace_(context);
-    return NULL;
+    context.scope_->Declare(context, name_, CYIdentifierOther);
+    CYFunction::Replace(context);
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYIdentifier *CYIdentifier::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    if (replace_ != NULL && replace_ != this)
+        return replace_->Replace(context);
+    replace_ = context.scope_->Lookup(context, this);
+    return replace_;
+}
+
+CYStatement *CYIf::Return() {
+    CYImplicitReturn(true_);
+    CYImplicitReturn(false_);
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYIf::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(test_);
-    context.Replace(true_);
-    context.Replace(false_);
-    return NULL;
+    context.ReplaceAll(true_);
+    context.ReplaceAll(false_);
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYFunctionParameter *CYIfComprehension::Parameter(CYContext &context) const {
@@ -356,202 +591,615 @@ CYStatement *CYIfComprehension::Replace(CYContext &context, CYStatement *stateme
     return $ CYIf(test_, CYComprehension::Replace(context, statement));
 }
 
+CYStatement *CYImport::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $ CYVar($L1($L($I(module_->part_->Word()), $C1($V("require"), module_->Replace(context, "/")))));
+}
+
 CYExpression *CYIndirect::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    CYPrefix::Replace(context);
     return $M(rhs_, $S("$cyi"));
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYIndirectMember::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    Replace_(context);
     return $M($ CYIndirect(object_), property_);
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYInfix::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(lhs_);
     context.Replace(rhs_);
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYLabel::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(statement_);
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
 }
 
-void CYMember::Replace_(CYContext &context) {
-    context.Replace(object_);
-    context.Replace(property_);
+CYExpression *CYLambda::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $N2($V("Functor"), $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_->Parameters(context), code_), parameters_->TypeSignature(context, typed_->Replace(context)));
 }
 
-CYStatement *CYMessage::Replace(CYContext &context, bool replace) const { $T(NULL)
-    CYVariable *cyn($V("$cyn"));
-    CYVariable *cyt($V("$cyt"));
-
-    return $ CYBlock($$->*
-        next_->Replace(context, replace)->*
-        $E($ CYAssign(cyn, parameters_->Selector(context)))->*
-        $E($ CYAssign(cyt, $C1($M(cyn, $S("type")), $V(instance_ ? "$cys" : "$cyp"))))->*
-        $E($C4($V(replace ? "class_replaceMethod" : "class_addMethod"),
-            $V(instance_ ? "$cyc" : "$cym"),
-            cyn,
-            $N2($V("Functor"), $F(NULL, $P2("self", "_cmd", parameters_->Parameters(context)), $$->*
-                $ CYReturn($C1($M($F(NULL, NULL, statements_), $S("call")), $V("self")))
-            ), cyt),
-            cyt
-        ))
-    );
+CYStatement *CYLet::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    declarations_->Replace(context);
+    if (CYExpression *expression = declarations_->Expression(context))
+        return $E(expression);
+    return $ CYEmpty();
 }
 
-CYFunctionParameter *CYMessageParameter::Parameters(CYContext &context) const { $T(NULL)
-    CYFunctionParameter *next(next_->Parameters(context));
-    return name_ == NULL ? next : $ CYFunctionParameter(name_, next);
+CYFunctionExpression *CYMethod::Constructor() {
+    return NULL;
 }
 
-CYSelector *CYMessageParameter::Selector(CYContext &context) const {
-    return $ CYSelector(SelectorPart(context));
+void CYMethod::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    CYFunction::Replace(context);
 }
 
-CYSelectorPart *CYMessageParameter::SelectorPart(CYContext &context) const { $T(NULL)
-    CYSelectorPart *next(next_->SelectorPart(context));
-    return tag_ == NULL ? next : $ CYSelectorPart(tag_, name_ != NULL, next);
+CYString *CYModule::Replace(CYContext &context, const char *separator) const {
+    if (next_ == NULL)
+        return $ CYString(part_);
+    return $ CYString($pool.strcat(next_->Replace(context, separator)->Value(), separator, part_->Word(), NULL));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYMultiply::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    CYInfix::Replace(context);
+
+    if (CYNumber *lhn = lhs_->Number(context))
+        if (CYNumber *rhn = rhs_->Number(context))
+            return $D(lhn->Value() * rhn->Value());
+
+    return this;
 }
 
-CYExpression *CYNew::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+namespace cy {
+namespace Syntax {
+
+CYExpression *New::AddArgument(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
+    CYSetLast(arguments_) = $ CYArgument(value);
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYExpression *New::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(constructor_);
     arguments_->Replace(context);
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
+}
+
+} }
+
+CYNumber *CYNull::Number(CYContext &context) {
+    return $D(0);
+}
+
+CYString *CYNull::String(CYContext &context) {
+    return $S("null");
+}
+
+CYNumber *CYNumber::Number(CYContext &context) {
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYString *CYNumber::String(CYContext &context) {
+    // XXX: there is a precise algorithm for this
+    return $S($pool.sprintf(24, "%.17g", Value()));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYNumber::PropertyName(CYContext &context) {
+    return String(context);
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYObject::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    properties_->Replace(context);
-    return NULL;
+    CYBuilder builder;
+    if (properties_ != NULL)
+        properties_ = properties_->ReplaceAll(context, builder, $ CYThis(), false);
+
+    if (builder) {
+        return $C1($M($ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, builder.declarations_->Parameter(context),
+            builder.statements_->*
+                $ CYReturn($ CYThis())
+        ), $S("call")), this, builder.declarations_->Argument(context));
+    }
+
+    CYForEach (property, properties_)
+        property->Replace(context);
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYParenthetical::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return expression_;
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYPostfix::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(lhs_);
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYPrefix::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(rhs_);
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYProperty *CYProperty::ReplaceAll(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, bool update) {
+    update |= name_->Computed();
+    if (update)
+        Replace(context, builder, self, false);
+    if (next_ != NULL)
+        next_ = next_->ReplaceAll(context, builder, self, update);
+    return update ? next_ : this;
+}
+
+void CYProperty::Replace(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, bool protect) {
+    CYExpression *name(name_->PropertyName(context));
+    if (name_->Computed()) {
+        CYIdentifier *unique(context.Unique());
+        builder.declarations_->*$L1($L(unique, name));
+        name = $V(unique);
+    }
+
+    Replace(context, builder, self, name, protect);
 }
 
-void CYProgram::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    statements_ = statements_->ReplaceAll(context);
+void CYPropertyGetter::Replace(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, CYExpression *name, bool protect) {
+    CYIdentifier *unique(context.Unique());
+    builder.declarations_
+        ->* $L1($L(unique, CYSuperize(context, $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_))));
+    builder.statements_
+        ->* CYDefineProperty(self, name, true, !protect, $ CYPropertyValue($S("get"), $V(unique)));
 }
 
-void CYProperty::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T()
+CYFunctionExpression *CYPropertyMethod::Constructor() {
+    return name_->Constructor() ? $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_) : NULL;
+}
+
+void CYPropertyMethod::Replace(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, CYExpression *name, bool protect) {
+    CYIdentifier *unique(context.Unique());
+    builder.declarations_
+        ->* $L1($L(unique, CYSuperize(context, $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_))));
+    builder.statements_
+        ->* (!protect ? $E($ CYAssign($M(self, name), $V(unique))) :
+            CYDefineProperty(self, name, true, !protect, $ CYPropertyValue($S("value"), $V(unique), $ CYPropertyValue($S("writable"), $ CYTrue()))));
+}
+
+void CYPropertySetter::Replace(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, CYExpression *name, bool protect) {
+    CYIdentifier *unique(context.Unique());
+    builder.declarations_
+        ->* $L1($L(unique, CYSuperize(context, $ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_))));
+    builder.statements_
+        ->* CYDefineProperty(self, name, true, !protect, $ CYPropertyValue($S("set"), $V(unique)));
+}
+
+void CYPropertyValue::Replace(CYContext &context, CYBuilder &builder, CYExpression *self, CYExpression *name, bool protect) {
+    _assert(!protect);
+    CYIdentifier *unique(context.Unique());
+    builder.declarations_
+        ->* $L1($L(unique, value_));
+    builder.statements_
+        ->* $E($ CYAssign($M(self, name), $V(unique)));
+}
+
+void CYPropertyValue::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(value_);
-    next_->Replace(context);
+}
+
+// XXX: this is evil evil black magic. don't ask, don't tell... don't believe!
+#define MappingSet "0etnirsoalfucdphmgyvbxTwSNECAFjDLkMOIBPqzRH$_WXUVGYKQJZ"
+//#define MappingSet "0abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ$_"
+
+namespace {
+    struct IdentifierUsageLess :
+        std::binary_function<CYIdentifier *, CYIdentifier *, bool>
+    {
+        _finline bool operator ()(CYIdentifier *lhs, CYIdentifier *rhs) const {
+            if (lhs->usage_ != rhs->usage_)
+                return lhs->usage_ > rhs->usage_;
+            return lhs < rhs;
+        }
+    };
+
+    typedef std::set<CYIdentifier *, IdentifierUsageLess> IdentifierUsages;
+}
+
+void CYScript::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    CYScope scope(true, context);
+
+    context.nextlocal_ = $ CYNonLocal();
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
+    context.NonLocal(code_);
+
+    scope.Close(context, code_);
+
+    size_t offset(0);
+
+    CYCStringSet external;
+    for (CYIdentifierValueSet::const_iterator i(scope.identifiers_.begin()); i != scope.identifiers_.end(); ++i)
+        external.insert((*i)->Word());
+
+    IdentifierUsages usages;
+
+    if (offset < context.rename_.size())
+        CYForEach (i, context.rename_[offset].identifier_)
+            usages.insert(i);
+
+    // XXX: totalling the probable occurrences and sorting by them would improve the result
+    for (CYIdentifierUsageVector::const_iterator i(context.rename_.begin()); i != context.rename_.end(); ++i, ++offset) {
+        //std::cout << *i << ":" << (*i)->offset_ << std::endl;
+
+        const char *name;
+
+        if (context.options_.verbose_)
+            name = $pool.strcat("$", $pool.itoa(offset), NULL);
+        else {
+            char id[8];
+            id[7] = '\0';
+
+          id:
+            unsigned position(7), local(offset + 1);
+
+            do {
+                unsigned index(local % (sizeof(MappingSet) - 1));
+                local /= sizeof(MappingSet) - 1;
+                id[--position] = MappingSet[index];
+            } while (local != 0);
+
+            if (external.find(id + position) != external.end()) {
+                ++offset;
+                goto id;
+            }
+
+            name = $pool.strmemdup(id + position, 7 - position);
+            // XXX: at some point, this could become a keyword
+        }
+
+        CYForEach (identifier, i->identifier_)
+            identifier->Set(name);
+    }
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYReturn::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    if (context.nonlocal_ != NULL) {
+        CYProperty *value(value_ == NULL ? NULL : $ CYPropertyValue($S("$cyv"), value_));
+        return $ cy::Syntax::Throw($ CYObject(
+            $ CYPropertyValue($S("$cyk"), $V(context.nonlocal_->Target(context)), value)
+        ));
+    }
+
     context.Replace(value_);
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
 }
 
-CYExpression *CYSelector::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    return $N1($V("Selector"), name_->Replace(context));
+CYExpression *CYRubyBlock::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return call_->AddArgument(context, proc_->Replace(context));
 }
 
-CYExpression *CYSend::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    std::ostringstream name;
-    CYArgument **argument(&arguments_);
+CYExpression *CYRubyBlock::AddArgument(CYContext &context, CYExpression *value) {
+    return Replace(context)->AddArgument(context, value);
+}
 
-    while (*argument != NULL) {
-        if ((*argument)->name_ != NULL) {
-            name << *(*argument)->name_;
-            (*argument)->name_ = NULL;
-            if ((*argument)->value_ != NULL)
-                name << ':';
-        }
+CYExpression *CYRubyProc::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    CYFunctionExpression *function($ CYFunctionExpression(NULL, parameters_, code_));
+    function = CYNonLocalize(context, function);
+    function->implicit_ = true;
+    return function;
+}
 
-        if ((*argument)->value_ == NULL)
-            *argument = (*argument)->next_;
-        else
-            argument = &(*argument)->next_;
+CYScope::CYScope(bool transparent, CYContext &context) :
+    transparent_(transparent),
+    parent_(context.scope_)
+{
+    context.scope_ = this;
+}
+
+void CYScope::Declare(CYContext &context, CYIdentifier *identifier, CYIdentifierFlags flags) {
+    if (!transparent_ || flags == CYIdentifierArgument || flags == CYIdentifierCatch)
+        internal_.insert(CYIdentifierAddressFlagsMap::value_type(identifier, flags));
+    else if (parent_ != NULL)
+        parent_->Declare(context, identifier, flags);
+}
+
+CYIdentifier *CYScope::Lookup(CYContext &context, CYIdentifier *identifier) {
+    std::pair<CYIdentifierValueSet::iterator, bool> insert(identifiers_.insert(identifier));
+    return *insert.first;
+}
+
+void CYScope::Merge(CYContext &context, CYIdentifier *identifier) {
+    std::pair<CYIdentifierValueSet::iterator, bool> insert(identifiers_.insert(identifier));
+    if (!insert.second) {
+        if ((*insert.first)->offset_ < identifier->offset_)
+            (*insert.first)->offset_ = identifier->offset_;
+        identifier->replace_ = *insert.first;
+        (*insert.first)->usage_ += identifier->usage_ + 1;
     }
+}
+
+namespace {
+    struct IdentifierOffset {
+        size_t offset_;
+        CYIdentifierFlags flags_;
+        size_t usage_;
+        CYIdentifier *identifier_;
 
-    SEL sel(sel_registerName(name.str().c_str()));
-    double address(static_cast<double>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(sel)));
+        IdentifierOffset(CYIdentifier *identifier, CYIdentifierFlags flags) :
+            offset_(identifier->offset_),
+            flags_(flags),
+            usage_(identifier->usage_),
+            identifier_(identifier)
+        {
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct IdentifierOffsetLess :
+        std::binary_function<const IdentifierOffset &, const IdentifierOffset &, bool>
+    {
+        _finline bool operator ()(const IdentifierOffset &lhs, const IdentifierOffset &rhs) const {
+            if (lhs.offset_ != rhs.offset_)
+                return lhs.offset_ < rhs.offset_;
+            if (lhs.flags_ != rhs.flags_)
+                return lhs.flags_ < rhs.flags_;
+            /*if (lhs.usage_ != rhs.usage_)
+                return lhs.usage_ < rhs.usage_;*/
+            return lhs.identifier_ < rhs.identifier_;
+        }
+    };
 
-    return $C2($V("objc_msgSend"), self_, $D(address), arguments_);
+    typedef std::set<IdentifierOffset, IdentifierOffsetLess> IdentifierOffsets;
 }
 
-CYString *CYSelectorPart::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    std::ostringstream str;
-    for (const CYSelectorPart *part(this); part != NULL; part = part->next_) {
-        if (part->name_ != NULL)
-            str << part->name_->Value();
-        if (part->value_)
-            str << ':';
+void CYScope::Close(CYContext &context, CYStatement *&statements) {
+    context.scope_ = parent_;
+
+    if (parent_ == NULL)
+        return;
+
+    CYDeclarations *last(NULL), *curr(NULL);
+
+    IdentifierOffsets offsets;
+
+    for (CYIdentifierAddressFlagsMap::const_iterator i(internal_.begin()); i != internal_.end(); ++i)
+        if (i->second != CYIdentifierMagic)
+            offsets.insert(IdentifierOffset(i->first, i->second));
+
+    size_t offset(0);
+
+    for (IdentifierOffsets::const_iterator i(offsets.begin()); i != offsets.end(); ++i) {
+        if (i->flags_ == CYIdentifierVariable) {
+            CYDeclarations *next($ CYDeclarations($ CYDeclaration(i->identifier_)));
+            if (last == NULL)
+                last = next;
+            if (curr != NULL)
+                curr->SetNext(next);
+            curr = next;
+        }
+
+        if (offset < i->offset_)
+            offset = i->offset_;
+        if (context.rename_.size() <= offset)
+            context.rename_.resize(offset + 1);
+
+        CYIdentifierUsage &rename(context.rename_[offset++]);
+        i->identifier_->SetNext(rename.identifier_);
+        rename.identifier_ = i->identifier_;
+        rename.usage_ += i->identifier_->usage_ + 1;
     }
-    return $S(apr_pstrdup(context.pool_, str.str().c_str()));
+
+    if (last != NULL) {
+        CYVar *var($ CYVar(last));
+        var->SetNext(statements);
+        statements = var;
+    }
+
+    for (CYIdentifierValueSet::const_iterator i(identifiers_.begin()); i != identifiers_.end(); ++i)
+        if (internal_.find(*i) == internal_.end()) {
+            //std::cout << *i << '=' << offset << std::endl;
+            if ((*i)->offset_ < offset)
+                (*i)->offset_ = offset;
+            parent_->Merge(context, *i);
+        }
+}
+
+CYElementValue *CYSpan::Replace(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
+    return $ CYElementValue(expression_, $ CYElementValue(string_, next_->Replace(context)));
 }
 
-CYStatement *CYStatement::ReplaceAll(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
-    CYStatement *replace(this);
-    context.Replace(replace);
+CYStatement *CYStatement::Return() {
+    return this;
+}
 
-    if (CYStatement *next = next_->ReplaceAll(context))
-        replace->SetNext(next);
-    else
-        replace->SetNext(next_);
+CYString *CYString::Concat(CYContext &context, CYString *rhs) const {
+    size_t size(size_ + rhs->size_);
+    char *value($ char[size + 1]);
+    memcpy(value, value_, size_);
+    memcpy(value + size_, rhs->value_, rhs->size_);
+    value[size] = '\0';
+    return $S(value, size);
+}
+
+CYNumber *CYString::Number(CYContext &context) {
+    // XXX: there is a precise algorithm for this
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYString::PropertyName(CYContext &context) {
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYString *CYString::String(CYContext &context) {
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYSuperAccess::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $C1($M($M($M($V(context.super_), $S("prototype")), property_), $S("bind")), $ CYThis());
+}
 
-    return replace;
+CYExpression *CYSuperCall::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $C($C1($M($V(context.super_), $S("bind")), $ CYThis()), arguments_);
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYSwitch::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(value_);
     clauses_->Replace(context);
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTemplate::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $C2($M($M($M($V("String"), $S("prototype")), $S("concat")), $S("apply")), $S(""), $ CYArray($ CYElementValue(string_, spans_->Replace(context))));
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYThis::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    return NULL;
+    if (context.this_ != NULL)
+        return $V(context.this_->Identifier(context));
+    return this;
 }
 
-CYStatement *CYThrow::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+namespace cy {
+namespace Syntax {
+
+CYStatement *Throw::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(value_);
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
 }
 
+} }
+
 CYExpression *CYTrivial::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    return NULL;
+    return this;
 }
 
-CYStatement *CYTry::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    code_.Replace(context);
+CYNumber *CYTrue::Number(CYContext &context) {
+    return $D(1);
+}
+
+CYString *CYTrue::String(CYContext &context) {
+    return $S("true");
+}
+
+namespace cy {
+namespace Syntax {
+
+CYStatement *Try::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
     catch_->Replace(context);
     finally_->Replace(context);
+    return this;
+}
+
+} }
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeArrayOf::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYExpression *type) {
+    return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("arrayOf")), $ CYArgument(size_)));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeBlockWith::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYExpression *type) {
+    return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("blockWith")), parameters_->Argument(context)));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeConstant::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYExpression *type) {
+    return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("constant"))));
+}
+
+CYStatement *CYTypeDefinition::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $E($ CYAssign($V(typed_->identifier_), typed_->Replace(context)));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeError::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    _assert(false);
     return NULL;
 }
 
+CYExpression *CYTypeModifier::Replace(CYContext &context, CYExpression *type) { $T(type)
+    return Replace_(context, type);
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeFunctionWith::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYExpression *type) {
+    return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("functionWith")), parameters_->Argument(context)));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeLong::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(specifier_->Replace(context), $ CYString("long")));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypePointerTo::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYExpression *type) {
+    return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("pointerTo"))));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeShort::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(specifier_->Replace(context), $ CYString("short")));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeSigned::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(specifier_->Replace(context), $ CYString("signed")));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeUnsigned::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(specifier_->Replace(context), $ CYString("unsigned")));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeVariable::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $V(name_);
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeVoid::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return $N1($V("Type"), $ CYString("v"));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypeVolatile::Replace_(CYContext &context, CYExpression *type) {
+    return next_->Replace(context, $ CYCall($ CYDirectMember(type, $ CYString("volatile"))));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypedIdentifier::Replace(CYContext &context) {
+    return modifier_->Replace(context, specifier_->Replace(context));
+}
+
+CYTypeFunctionWith *CYTypedIdentifier::Function() {
+    CYTypeModifier **modifier(&modifier_);
+    if (*modifier == NULL)
+        return NULL;
+    while ((*modifier)->next_ != NULL)
+        modifier = &(*modifier)->next_;
+    CYTypeFunctionWith *function((*modifier)->Function());
+    if (function == NULL)
+        return NULL;
+    *modifier = NULL;
+    return function;
+}
+
+CYArgument *CYTypedParameter::Argument(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
+    return $ CYArgument(typed_->Replace(context), next_->Argument(context));
+}
+
+CYFunctionParameter *CYTypedParameter::Parameters(CYContext &context) { $T(NULL)
+    return $ CYFunctionParameter($ CYDeclaration(typed_->identifier_ ?: context.Unique()), next_->Parameters(context));
+}
+
+CYExpression *CYTypedParameter::TypeSignature(CYContext &context, CYExpression *prefix) { $T(prefix)
+    return next_->TypeSignature(context, $ CYAdd(prefix, typed_->Replace(context)));
+}
+
 CYStatement *CYVar::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     declarations_->Replace(context);
-    return NULL;
+    if (CYExpression *expression = declarations_->Expression(context))
+        return $E(expression);
+    return $ CYEmpty();
 }
 
 CYExpression *CYVariable::Replace(CYContext &context) {
-    return NULL;
+    context.Replace(name_);
+    return this;
+}
+
+CYFunctionParameter *CYVariable::Parameter() const {
+    return $ CYFunctionParameter($ CYDeclaration(name_));
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYWhile::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(test_);
-    context.Replace(code_);
-    return NULL;
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
+    return this;
 }
 
 CYStatement *CYWith::Replace(CYContext &context) {
     context.Replace(scope_);
-    context.Replace(code_);
-    return NULL;
+    context.ReplaceAll(code_);
+    return this;
 }
 
-CYExpression *CYWord::ClassName(CYContext &context, bool object) {
-    CYString *name($S(this));
-    if (object)
-        return $C1($V("objc_getClass"), name);
-    else
-        return name;
+CYExpression *CYWord::PropertyName(CYContext &context) {
+    return $S(this);
 }