X-Git-Url: https://git.saurik.com/cycript.git/blobdiff_plain/22c18a12d8b17537cacc7fae69274d2ec4ee8a5a..13c7f2fb8fc0619c8da1b5c8a697f7894479b070:/ObjectiveC/Library.mm?ds=inline

diff --git a/ObjectiveC/Library.mm b/ObjectiveC/Library.mm
index 2a2d07e..a685816 100644
--- a/ObjectiveC/Library.mm
+++ b/ObjectiveC/Library.mm
@@ -35,6 +35,12 @@
 #include <objc/runtime.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+#include <malloc/malloc.h>
+#include <mach/mach.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "Code.hpp"
 #include "Error.hpp"
 #include "JavaScript.hpp"
 #include "String.hpp"
@@ -42,17 +48,18 @@
 
 #include <cmath>
 #include <map>
+#include <set>
 
 #include <dlfcn.h>
 
-#define CYObjectiveTry_(context) { \
-    JSContextRef context_(context); \
+#define CYObjectiveTry_ { \
     try
 #define CYObjectiveTry { \
+    JSContextRef context(context_); \
     try
 #define CYObjectiveCatch \
     catch (const CYException &error) { \
-        @throw CYCastNSObject(NULL, context_, error.CastJSValue(context_)); \
+        @throw CYCastNSObject(NULL, context, error.CastJSValue(context)); \
     } \
 }
 
@@ -123,6 +130,8 @@ static void (*$objc_setAssociatedObject)(id object, void *key, id value, objc_As
 static id (*$objc_getAssociatedObject)(id object, void *key);
 static void (*$objc_removeAssociatedObjects)(id object);
 
+@class NSBlock;
+
 struct BlockLiteral {
     Class isa;
     int flags;
@@ -158,7 +167,7 @@ enum {
     BLOCK_HAS_SIGNATURE = 1 << 30,
 };
 
-JSValueRef CYSendMessage(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, id self, Class super, SEL _cmd, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], bool initialize, JSValueRef *exception);
+JSValueRef CYSendMessage(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, id self, Class super, SEL _cmd, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], bool initialize);
 
 /* Objective-C Pool Release {{{ */
 void CYPoolRelease_(void *data) {
@@ -267,7 +276,9 @@ bool CYGetOffset(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, NSString *value, ssize_t &i
 static JSClassRef Instance_;
 
 static JSClassRef ArrayInstance_;
+static JSClassRef BooleanInstance_;
 static JSClassRef FunctionInstance_;
+static JSClassRef NumberInstance_;
 static JSClassRef ObjectInstance_;
 static JSClassRef StringInstance_;
 
@@ -288,11 +299,13 @@ static JSClassRef ObjectiveC_Images_;
 #endif
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
+static Class __NSMallocBlock__;
 static Class NSCFBoolean_;
 static Class NSCFType_;
 static Class NSGenericDeallocHandler_;
-static Class NSMessageBuilder_;
 static Class NSZombie_;
+
+static std::set<Class> banned_;
 #else
 static Class NSBoolNumber_;
 #endif
@@ -300,6 +313,7 @@ static Class NSBoolNumber_;
 static Class NSArray_;
 static Class NSBlock_;
 static Class NSDictionary_;
+static Class NSNumber_;
 static Class NSString_;
 static Class Object_;
 
@@ -336,10 +350,18 @@ JSValueRef CYGetClassPrototype(JSContextRef context, Class self, bool meta) {
     JSClassRef _class(NULL);
     JSValueRef prototype;
 
-    if (self == NSArray_)
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    if (self == NSCFBoolean_)
+#else
+    if (self == NSBoolNumber_)
+#endif
+        prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("BooleanInstance_prototype"));
+    else if (self == NSArray_)
         prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("ArrayInstance_prototype"));
     else if (self == NSBlock_)
         prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("FunctionInstance_prototype"));
+    else if (self == NSNumber_)
+        prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("NumberInstance_prototype"));
     else if (self == NSDictionary_)
         prototype = CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("ObjectInstance_prototype"));
     else if (self == NSString_)
@@ -375,17 +397,22 @@ JSObjectRef Super::Make(JSContextRef context, id object, Class _class) {
     return value;
 } }
 
+bool CYIsKindOfClass(id object, Class _class) {
+    for (Class isa(object_getClass(object)); isa != NULL; isa = class_getSuperclass(isa))
+        if (isa == _class)
+            return true;
+    return false;
+}
+
 JSObjectRef Instance::Make(JSContextRef context, id object, Flags flags) {
-    JSObjectRef value(JSObjectMake(context, Instance_, new Instance(object, flags)));
+    JSObjectRef value(JSObjectMake(context, CYIsKindOfClass(object, NSBlock_) ? FunctionInstance_ : Instance_, new Instance(object, flags)));
     JSObjectSetPrototype(context, value, CYGetClassPrototype(context, object_getClass(object)));
     return value;
 }
 
 Instance::~Instance() {
     if ((flags_ & Transient) == 0)
-        // XXX: does this handle background threads correctly?
-        // XXX: this simply does not work on the console because I'm stupid
-        [GetValue() performSelector:@selector(release) withObject:nil afterDelay:0];
+        [GetValue() release];
 }
 
 struct Message_privateData :
@@ -464,7 +491,7 @@ NSString *CYCastNSCYON(id value, bool objective) {
             else if (_class == NSZombie_)
                 string = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<_NSZombie_: %p>", value];
             // XXX: frowny /in/ the pants
-            else if (value == NSGenericDeallocHandler_ || value == NSMessageBuilder_ || value == Object_)
+            else if (banned_.find(value) != banned_.end())
                 string = nil;
 #endif
             else
@@ -624,43 +651,56 @@ struct PropertyAttributes {
 /* }}} */
 
 _finline bool CYJSValueIsNSObject(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
-    return JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, value, Instance_);
+    return JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, value, Instance_) || JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, value, FunctionInstance_);
 }
 
 _finline bool CYJSValueIsInstanceOfCachedConstructor(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value, JSStringRef cache) {
-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
-    JSObjectRef constructor(CYGetCachedObject(context, cache));
-    bool is(JSValueIsInstanceOfConstructor(context, value, constructor, &exception));
-    CYThrow(context, exception);
-    return is;
+    return _jsccall(JSValueIsInstanceOfConstructor, context, value, CYGetCachedObject(context, cache));
 }
 
-NSObject *CYMakeBlock(void (*invoke)(), sig::Signature &signature) {
-    BlockLiteral *literal(reinterpret_cast<BlockLiteral *>(malloc(sizeof(BlockLiteral))));
+struct CYBlockDescriptor {
+    struct {
+        BlockDescriptor1 one_;
+        BlockDescriptor2 two_;
+        BlockDescriptor3 three_;
+    } d_;
 
-    struct Descriptor {
-        struct {
-            BlockDescriptor1 one_;
-            BlockDescriptor2 two_;
-            BlockDescriptor3 three_;
-        } d_;
+    Closure_privateData *internal_;
+};
 
-        CYPool pool_;
-    };
+void CYDisposeBlock(BlockLiteral *literal) {
+    delete reinterpret_cast<CYBlockDescriptor *>(literal->descriptor)->internal_;
+}
 
-    Descriptor *descriptor(new Descriptor);
+static JSValueRef BlockAdapter_(JSContextRef context, size_t count, JSValueRef values[], JSObjectRef function) {
+    JSObjectRef _this(CYCastJSObject(context, values[0]));
+    return CYCallAsFunction(context, function, _this, count - 1, values + 1);
+}
+
+static void BlockClosure_(ffi_cif *cif, void *result, void **arguments, void *arg) {
+    CYExecuteClosure(cif, result, arguments, arg, &BlockAdapter_);
+}
+
+NSBlock *CYMakeBlock(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef function, sig::Signature &signature) {
+    _assert(__NSMallocBlock__ != Nil);
+    BlockLiteral *literal(reinterpret_cast<BlockLiteral *>(malloc(sizeof(BlockLiteral))));
+
+    CYBlockDescriptor *descriptor(new CYBlockDescriptor);
     memset(&descriptor->d_, 0, sizeof(descriptor->d_));
 
-    literal->isa = objc_getClass("__NSGlobalBlock__");
+    descriptor->internal_ = CYMakeFunctor_(context, function, signature, &BlockClosure_);
+    literal->invoke = reinterpret_cast<void (*)(void *, ...)>(descriptor->internal_->GetValue());
+
+    literal->isa = __NSMallocBlock__;
     literal->flags = BLOCK_HAS_SIGNATURE | BLOCK_HAS_COPY_DISPOSE | BLOCK_IS_GLOBAL;
     literal->reserved = 0;
-    literal->invoke = reinterpret_cast<void (*)(void *, ...)>(invoke);
     literal->descriptor = descriptor;
 
     descriptor->d_.one_.size = sizeof(descriptor->d_);
-    descriptor->d_.three_.signature = sig::Unparse(descriptor->pool_, &signature);
+    descriptor->d_.two_.dispose_helper = &CYDisposeBlock;
+    descriptor->d_.three_.signature = sig::Unparse(*descriptor->internal_->pool_, &signature);
 
-    return reinterpret_cast<NSObject *>(literal);
+    return reinterpret_cast<NSBlock *>(literal);
 }
 
 NSObject *CYCastNSObject(CYPool *pool, JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object) {
@@ -669,11 +709,6 @@ NSObject *CYCastNSObject(CYPool *pool, JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object)
         return internal->GetValue();
     }
 
-    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, object, Functor_)) {
-        cy::Functor *internal(reinterpret_cast<cy::Functor *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
-        return CYMakeBlock(internal->GetValue(), internal->signature_);
-    }
-
     bool array(CYJSValueIsInstanceOfCachedConstructor(context, object, Array_s));
     id value(array ? [CYJSArray alloc] : [CYJSObject alloc]);
     return CYPoolRelease(pool, [value initWithJSObject:object inContext:context]);
@@ -804,7 +839,7 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
 }
 
 - (JSValueRef) cy$getProperty:(NSString *)name inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
-    CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
+    CYObjectiveTry_ {
         if ([name isEqualToString:@"length"])
             return CYCastJSValue(context, [self count]);
     } CYObjectiveCatch
@@ -851,7 +886,7 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
     return objective ? value : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"@%@", value];
 }
 
-- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
     return CYCastJSValue(context, (bool) [self boolValue]);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
@@ -1008,7 +1043,7 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
     return objective ? value : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"@%@", value];
 }
 
-- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
     return [self cy$JSType] != kJSTypeBoolean ? CYCastJSValue(context, [self doubleValue]) : CYCastJSValue(context, static_cast<bool>([self boolValue]));
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
@@ -1026,7 +1061,7 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
     return objective ? value : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"@%@", value];
 }
 
-- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
     return CYJSNull(context);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
@@ -1043,7 +1078,7 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
     return [self cy$valueOfInContext:context];
 }
 
-- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
     return NULL;
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
@@ -1052,7 +1087,7 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
 }
 
 - (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective {
-    return [[self description] cy$toCYON:objective];
+    return [@"#" stringByAppendingString:[[self description] cy$toCYON:true]];
 }
 
 - (bool) cy$hasProperty:(NSString *)name {
@@ -1063,7 +1098,7 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
     return nil;
 }
 
-- (JSValueRef) cy$getProperty:(NSString *)name inContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
+- (JSValueRef) cy$getProperty:(NSString *)name inContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
     if (NSObject *value = [self cy$getProperty:name])
         return CYCastJSValue(context, value);
     return NULL;
@@ -1093,6 +1128,19 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
     return [[self description] cy$toCYON:objective];
 }
 
+@end
+/* }}} */
+/* Bridge: NSSet {{{ */
+@implementation NSSet (Cycript)
+
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective {
+    NSMutableString *json([[[NSMutableString alloc] init] autorelease]);
+    [json appendString:@"[NSSet setWithArray:"];
+    [json appendString:CYCastNSCYON([self allObjects], true)];
+    [json appendString:@"]]"];
+    return json;
+}
+
 @end
 /* }}} */
 /* Bridge: NSString {{{ */
@@ -1142,7 +1190,7 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
     }
 }
 
-- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
     return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(context, self));
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
@@ -1161,7 +1209,7 @@ NSObject *CYCopyNSObject(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
     //return objective ? value : [NSString stringWithFormat:@"@%@", value];
 }
 
-- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
+- (JSValueRef) cy$valueOfInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
     return CYJSUndefined(context);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
@@ -1202,7 +1250,7 @@ JSValueRef CYCastJSValue(JSContextRef context, NSObject *value) { CYPoolTry {
 
 @implementation CYJSObject
 
-- (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry {
+- (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
     if ((self = [super init]) != nil) {
         object_ = object;
         context_ = CYGetJSContext(context);
@@ -1219,7 +1267,7 @@ JSValueRef CYCastJSValue(JSContextRef context, NSObject *value) { CYPoolTry {
 
 - (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective { CYObjectiveTry {
     CYPool pool;
-    const char *cyon(CYPoolCCYON(pool, context_, object_));
+    const char *cyon(CYPoolCCYON(pool, context, object_));
     if (cyon == NULL)
         return [super cy$toCYON:objective];
     else
@@ -1227,46 +1275,44 @@ JSValueRef CYCastJSValue(JSContextRef context, NSObject *value) { CYPoolTry {
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (NSUInteger) count { CYObjectiveTry {
-    JSPropertyNameArrayRef names(JSObjectCopyPropertyNames(context_, object_));
+    JSPropertyNameArrayRef names(JSObjectCopyPropertyNames(context, object_));
     size_t size(JSPropertyNameArrayGetCount(names));
     JSPropertyNameArrayRelease(names);
     return size;
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (id) objectForKey:(id)key { CYObjectiveTry {
-    JSValueRef value(CYGetProperty(context_, object_, CYJSString(context_, (NSObject *) key)));
-    if (JSValueIsUndefined(context_, value))
+    JSValueRef value(CYGetProperty(context, object_, CYJSString(context, (NSObject *) key)));
+    if (JSValueIsUndefined(context, value))
         return nil;
-    return CYCastNSObject(NULL, context_, value) ?: [NSNull null];
+    return CYCastNSObject(NULL, context, value) ?: [NSNull null];
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (NSEnumerator *) keyEnumerator { CYObjectiveTry {
-    JSPropertyNameArrayRef names(JSObjectCopyPropertyNames(context_, object_));
-    NSEnumerator *enumerator([CYCastNSArray(context_, names) objectEnumerator]);
+    JSPropertyNameArrayRef names(JSObjectCopyPropertyNames(context, object_));
+    NSEnumerator *enumerator([CYCastNSArray(context, names) objectEnumerator]);
     JSPropertyNameArrayRelease(names);
     return enumerator;
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) setObject:(id)object forKey:(id)key { CYObjectiveTry {
-    CYSetProperty(context_, object_, CYJSString(context_, (NSObject *) key), CYCastJSValue(context_, (NSString *) object));
+    CYSetProperty(context, object_, CYJSString(context, (NSObject *) key), CYCastJSValue(context, (NSString *) object));
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) removeObjectForKey:(id)key { CYObjectiveTry {
-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
-    (void) JSObjectDeleteProperty(context_, object_, CYJSString(context_, (NSObject *) key), &exception);
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
+    (void) _jsccall(JSObjectDeleteProperty, context, object_, CYJSString(context, (NSObject *) key));
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 @end
 
 @implementation CYJSArray
 
-- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective {
+- (NSString *) cy$toCYON:(bool)objective { CYObjectiveTry {
     CYPool pool;
-    return [NSString stringWithUTF8String:CYPoolCCYON(pool, context_, object_)];
-}
+    return [NSString stringWithUTF8String:CYPoolCCYON(pool, context, object_)];
+} CYObjectiveCatch }
 
-- (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry {
+- (id) initWithJSObject:(JSObjectRef)object inContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
     if ((self = [super init]) != nil) {
         object_ = object;
         context_ = CYGetJSContext(context);
@@ -1282,62 +1328,54 @@ JSValueRef CYCastJSValue(JSContextRef context, NSObject *value) { CYPoolTry {
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (NSUInteger) count { CYObjectiveTry {
-    return CYArrayLength(context_, object_);
+    return CYArrayLength(context, object_);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (id) objectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count]);
     if (index >= bounds)
         @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray objectAtIndex:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", static_cast<size_t>(index), bounds] userInfo:nil];
-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
-    JSValueRef value(JSObjectGetPropertyAtIndex(context_, object_, index, &exception));
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
-    return CYCastNSObject(NULL, context_, value) ?: [NSNull null];
+    JSValueRef value(_jsccall(JSObjectGetPropertyAtIndex, context, object_, index));
+    return CYCastNSObject(NULL, context, value) ?: [NSNull null];
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) addObject:(id)object { CYObjectiveTry {
-    CYArrayPush(context_, object_, CYCastJSValue(context_, (NSObject *) object));
+    CYArrayPush(context, object_, CYCastJSValue(context, (NSObject *) object));
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) insertObject:(id)object atIndex:(NSUInteger)index { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count] + 1);
     if (index >= bounds)
         @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray insertObject:atIndex:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", static_cast<size_t>(index), bounds] userInfo:nil];
-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
     JSValueRef arguments[3];
-    arguments[0] = CYCastJSValue(context_, index);
-    arguments[1] = CYCastJSValue(context_, 0);
-    arguments[2] = CYCastJSValue(context_, (NSObject *) object);
-    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context_, CYJSString("Array_prototype")));
-    JSObjectCallAsFunction(context_, CYCastJSObject(context_, CYGetProperty(context_, Array, splice_s)), object_, 3, arguments, &exception);
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
+    arguments[0] = CYCastJSValue(context, index);
+    arguments[1] = CYCastJSValue(context, 0);
+    arguments[2] = CYCastJSValue(context, (NSObject *) object);
+    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Array_prototype")));
+    _jsccall(JSObjectCallAsFunction, context, CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Array, splice_s)), object_, 3, arguments);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) removeLastObject { CYObjectiveTry {
-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
-    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context_, CYJSString("Array_prototype")));
-    JSObjectCallAsFunction(context_, CYCastJSObject(context_, CYGetProperty(context_, Array, pop_s)), object_, 0, NULL, &exception);
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
+    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Array_prototype")));
+    _jsccall(JSObjectCallAsFunction, context, CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Array, pop_s)), object_, 0, NULL);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) removeObjectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count]);
     if (index >= bounds)
         @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray removeObjectAtIndex:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", static_cast<size_t>(index), bounds] userInfo:nil];
-    JSValueRef exception(NULL);
     JSValueRef arguments[2];
-    arguments[0] = CYCastJSValue(context_, index);
-    arguments[1] = CYCastJSValue(context_, 1);
-    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context_, CYJSString("Array_prototype")));
-    JSObjectCallAsFunction(context_, CYCastJSObject(context_, CYGetProperty(context_, Array, splice_s)), object_, 2, arguments, &exception);
-    CYThrow(context_, exception);
+    arguments[0] = CYCastJSValue(context, index);
+    arguments[1] = CYCastJSValue(context, 1);
+    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Array_prototype")));
+    _jsccall(JSObjectCallAsFunction, context, CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, Array, splice_s)), object_, 2, arguments);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (void) replaceObjectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index withObject:(id)object { CYObjectiveTry {
     size_t bounds([self count]);
     if (index >= bounds)
         @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"*** -[CYJSArray replaceObjectAtIndex:withObject:]: index (%zu) beyond bounds (%zu)", static_cast<size_t>(index), bounds] userInfo:nil];
-    CYSetProperty(context_, object_, index, CYCastJSValue(context_, (NSObject *) object));
+    CYSetProperty(context, object_, index, CYCastJSValue(context, (NSObject *) object));
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 @end
@@ -1352,18 +1390,18 @@ JSValueRef CYCastJSValue(JSContextRef context, NSObject *value) { CYPoolTry {
 
 @implementation CYInternal
 
-- (void) dealloc {
+- (void) dealloc { CYObjectiveTry {
     JSValueUnprotect(context_, object_);
     JSGlobalContextRelease(context_);
     [super dealloc];
-}
+} CYObjectiveCatch }
 
-- (id) initInContext:(JSContextRef)context {
+- (id) initInContext:(JSContextRef)context { CYObjectiveTry_ {
     if ((self = [super init]) != nil) {
         context_ = CYGetJSContext(context);
         JSGlobalContextRetain(context_);
     } return self;
-}
+} CYObjectiveCatch }
 
 - (bool) hasProperty:(JSStringRef)name inContext:(JSContextRef)context {
     if (object_ == NULL)
@@ -1432,8 +1470,10 @@ static SEL CYCastSEL(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value) {
     if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, value, Selector_)) {
         Selector_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Selector_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) value)));
         return reinterpret_cast<SEL>(internal->value_);
-    } else
-        return CYCastPointer<SEL>(context, value);
+    } else {
+        CYPool pool;
+        return sel_registerName(CYPoolCString(pool, context, value));
+    }
 }
 
 void *CYObjectiveC_ExecuteStart(JSContextRef context) { CYSadTry {
@@ -1458,13 +1498,52 @@ static void CYObjectiveC_CallFunction(JSContextRef context, ffi_cif *cif, void (
     ffi_call(cif, function, value, values);
 } CYSadCatch() }
 
+static NSBlock *CYCastNSBlock(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value, sig::Signature *signature) {
+    if (JSValueIsNull(context, value))
+        return nil;
+    JSObjectRef object(CYCastJSObject(context, value));
+
+    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, object, FunctionInstance_))
+        return reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object))->GetValue();
+
+    if (JSValueIsObjectOfClass(context, object, Instance_)) {
+        _assert(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object))->GetValue() == nil);
+        return nil;
+    }
+
+    _assert(JSObjectIsFunction(context, object));
+
+    _assert(signature != NULL);
+    _assert(signature->count != 0);
+
+    sig::Signature modified;
+    modified.count = signature->count + 1;
+    modified.elements = new(pool) sig::Element[modified.count];
+
+    modified.elements[0] = signature->elements[0];
+    memcpy(modified.elements + 2, signature->elements + 1, sizeof(sig::Element) * (signature->count - 1));
+
+    modified.elements[1].name = NULL;
+    modified.elements[1].type = new(pool) sig::Type();
+    modified.elements[1].offset = _not(size_t);
+
+    memset(modified.elements[1].type, 0, sizeof(sig::Type));
+    modified.elements[1].type->primitive = sig::object_P;
+
+    return CYMakeBlock(context, object, modified);
+}
+
 static bool CYObjectiveC_PoolFFI(CYPool *pool, JSContextRef context, sig::Type *type, ffi_type *ffi, void *data, JSValueRef value) { CYSadTry {
+    // XXX: assigning to an indirect id * works for return values, but not for properties and fields
+
     switch (type->primitive) {
-        // XXX: do something epic about blocks
         case sig::block_P:
+            // XXX: this function might not handle the idea of a null pool
+            *reinterpret_cast<id *>(data) = CYCastNSBlock(*pool, context, value, &type->data.signature);
+        break;
+
         case sig::object_P:
         case sig::typename_P:
-            // XXX: this works for return values, but not for properties and fields
             *reinterpret_cast<id *>(data) = CYCastNSObject(pool, context, value);
         break;
 
@@ -1524,24 +1603,6 @@ static bool CYImplements(id object, Class _class, SEL selector, bool devoid = fa
     return false;
 }
 
-static const char *CYPoolTypeEncoding(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, SEL sel, objc_method *method) {
-    if (method != NULL)
-        return method_getTypeEncoding(method);
-
-    const char *name(sel_getName(sel));
-    size_t length(strlen(name));
-
-    char keyed[length + 2];
-    keyed[0] = '6';
-    keyed[length + 1] = '\0';
-    memcpy(keyed + 1, name, length);
-
-    if (CYBridgeEntry *entry = CYBridgeHash(keyed, length + 1))
-        return entry->value_;
-
-    return NULL;
-}
-
 static JSValueRef MessageAdapter_(JSContextRef context, size_t count, JSValueRef values[], JSObjectRef function) {
     JSObjectRef _this(CYCastJSObject(context, values[0]));
     return CYCallAsFunction(context, function, _this, count - 2, values + 2);
@@ -1556,9 +1617,12 @@ static JSObjectRef CYMakeMessage(JSContextRef context, SEL sel, IMP imp, const c
     return JSObjectMake(context, Message_, internal);
 }
 
-static IMP CYMakeMessage(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value, const char *type) {
+static IMP CYMakeMessage(JSContextRef context, JSValueRef value, const char *encoding) {
     JSObjectRef function(CYCastJSObject(context, value));
-    Closure_privateData *internal(CYMakeFunctor_(context, function, type, &MessageClosure_));
+    CYPool pool;
+    sig::Signature signature;
+    sig::Parse(pool, &signature, encoding, &Structor_);
+    Closure_privateData *internal(CYMakeFunctor_(context, function, signature, &MessageClosure_));
     // XXX: see notes in Library.cpp about needing to leak
     return reinterpret_cast<IMP>(internal->GetValue());
 }
@@ -1577,7 +1641,7 @@ static bool Messages_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStr
     return false;
 }
 
-static JSValueRef Messages_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef Messages_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     Class _class(internal->GetValue());
 
@@ -1589,19 +1653,16 @@ static JSValueRef Messages_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object,
             return CYMakeMessage(context, sel, method_getImplementation(method), method_getTypeEncoding(method));
 
     return NULL;
-}
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
 
-static bool Messages_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef value, JSValueRef *exception) {
+static bool Messages_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef value, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     Class _class(internal->GetValue());
 
     CYPool pool;
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
-
     SEL sel(sel_registerName(name));
 
-    objc_method *method(class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel));
-
     const char *type;
     IMP imp;
 
@@ -1609,10 +1670,29 @@ static bool Messages_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStr
         Message_privateData *message(reinterpret_cast<Message_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate((JSObjectRef) value)));
         type = sig::Unparse(pool, &message->signature_);
         imp = reinterpret_cast<IMP>(message->GetValue());
-    } else {
-        type = CYPoolTypeEncoding(pool, context, sel, method);
+    } else if (objc_method *method = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel)) {
+        type = method_getTypeEncoding(method);
         imp = CYMakeMessage(context, value, type);
-    }
+    } else _assert(false);
+
+    objc_method *method(NULL);
+#if OBJC_API_VERSION >= 2
+    unsigned int size;
+    objc_method **methods(class_copyMethodList(_class, &size));
+    for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
+        if (sel_isEqual(method_getName(methods[i]), sel)) {
+            method = methods[i];
+            break;
+        }
+    free(methods);
+#else
+    for (objc_method_list *methods(_class->methods); methods != NULL; methods = methods->method_next)
+        for (int i(0); i != methods->method_count; ++i)
+            if (sel_isEqual(method_getName(&methods->method_list[i]), sel)) {
+                method = &methods->method_list[i];
+                break;
+            }
+#endif
 
     if (method != NULL)
         method_setImplementation(method, imp);
@@ -1628,10 +1708,10 @@ static bool Messages_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStr
     }
 
     return true;
-}
+} CYCatch(false) }
 
 #if 0 && OBJC_API_VERSION < 2
-static bool Messages_deleteProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) {
+static bool Messages_deleteProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Messages *internal(reinterpret_cast<Messages *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     Class _class(internal->GetValue());
 
@@ -1646,7 +1726,7 @@ static bool Messages_deleteProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JS
         }
 
     return false;
-}
+} CYCatch(false) }
 #endif
 
 static void Messages_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
@@ -1737,14 +1817,14 @@ static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object,
     if (objc_property_t property = class_getProperty(_class, string)) {
         PropertyAttributes attributes(property);
         SEL sel(sel_registerName(attributes.Getter()));
-        return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 0, NULL, false, exception);
+        return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 0, NULL, false);
     }
 #endif
 
     if (CYHasImplicitProperties(_class))
         if (SEL sel = sel_getUid(string))
             if (CYImplements(self, _class, sel, true))
-                return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 0, NULL, false, exception);
+                return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 0, NULL, false);
 
     return NULL;
 } CYCatch(NULL) }
@@ -1772,7 +1852,7 @@ static bool Instance_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStr
         if (const char *setter = attributes.Setter()) {
             SEL sel(sel_registerName(setter));
             JSValueRef arguments[1] = {value};
-            CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 1, arguments, false, exception);
+            CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 1, arguments, false);
             return true;
         }
     }
@@ -1797,7 +1877,7 @@ static bool Instance_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStr
     if (SEL sel = sel_getUid(set))
         if (CYImplements(self, _class, sel)) {
             JSValueRef arguments[1] = {value};
-            CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 1, arguments, false, exception);
+            CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, NULL, sel, 1, arguments, false);
             return true;
         }
 
@@ -1876,42 +1956,37 @@ static JSObjectRef Instance_callAsConstructor(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef
     return value;
 } CYCatch(NULL) }
 
-static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
-    Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
-    id self(internal->GetValue());
-
-    if (![self isKindOfClass:NSBlock_])
-        CYThrow("non-NSBlock object is not a function");
-    // XXX: replace above logic with the following assertion
-    //_assert([self isKindOfClass:NSBlock_]);
-    // to do this, make it so FunctionInstance_ is the class of blocks
-    // to do /that/, generalize the various "is exactly Instance_" checks
-    // then, move Instance_callAsFunction to only be on FunctionInstance
-
+static const char *CYBlockEncoding(NSBlock *self) {
     BlockLiteral *literal(reinterpret_cast<BlockLiteral *>(self));
+    if ((literal->flags & BLOCK_HAS_SIGNATURE) == 0)
+        return NULL;
+    uint8_t *descriptor(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(literal->descriptor));
+    descriptor += sizeof(BlockDescriptor1);
+    if ((literal->flags & BLOCK_HAS_COPY_DISPOSE) != 0)
+        descriptor += sizeof(BlockDescriptor2);
+    BlockDescriptor3 *descriptor3(reinterpret_cast<BlockDescriptor3 *>(descriptor));
+    return descriptor3->signature;
+}
 
-    if ((literal->flags & BLOCK_HAS_SIGNATURE) != 0) {
-        uint8_t *descriptor(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(literal->descriptor));
-        descriptor += sizeof(BlockDescriptor1);
-        if ((literal->flags & BLOCK_HAS_COPY_DISPOSE) != 0)
-            descriptor += sizeof(BlockDescriptor2);
-        BlockDescriptor3 *descriptor3(reinterpret_cast<BlockDescriptor3 *>(descriptor));
+static JSValueRef FunctionInstance_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
+    id self(internal->GetValue());
 
-        if (const char *type = descriptor3->signature) {
-            CYPool pool;
+    if (const char *encoding = CYBlockEncoding(self)) {
+        CYPool pool;
 
-            void *setup[1];
-            setup[0] = &self;
+        void *setup[1];
+        setup[0] = &self;
 
-            sig::Signature signature;
-            sig::Parse(pool, &signature, type, &Structor_);
+        sig::Signature signature;
+        sig::Parse(pool, &signature, encoding, &Structor_);
 
-            ffi_cif cif;
-            sig::sig_ffi_cif(pool, &sig::ObjectiveC, &signature, &cif);
+        ffi_cif cif;
+        sig::sig_ffi_cif(pool, &sig::ObjectiveC, &signature, &cif);
 
-            void (*function)() = reinterpret_cast<void (*)()>(literal->invoke);
-            return CYCallFunction(pool, context, 1, setup, count, arguments, false, exception, &signature, &cif, function);
-        }
+        BlockLiteral *literal(reinterpret_cast<BlockLiteral *>(self));
+        void (*function)() = reinterpret_cast<void (*)()>(literal->invoke);
+        return CYCallFunction(pool, context, 1, setup, count, arguments, false, &signature, &cif, function);
     }
 
     if (count != 0)
@@ -1962,6 +2037,23 @@ static bool Internal_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStr
     return false;
 }
 
+static void CYBitField(unsigned &length, unsigned &shift, id self, Ivar ivar, const char *encoding, unsigned offset) {
+    length = CYCastDouble(encoding + 1);
+    shift = 0;
+
+    unsigned int size;
+    objc_ivar **ivars(class_copyIvarList(object_getClass(self), &size));
+    for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
+        if (ivars[i] == ivar)
+            break;
+        else if (ivar_getOffset(ivars[i]) == offset) {
+            const char *encoding(ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivars[i]));
+            _assert(encoding[0] == 'b');
+            shift += CYCastDouble(encoding + 1);
+        }
+    free(ivars);
+}
+
 static JSValueRef Internal_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Internal *internal(reinterpret_cast<Internal *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     CYPool pool;
@@ -1969,10 +2061,27 @@ static JSValueRef Internal_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object,
     id self(internal->GetValue());
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
+#ifdef __arm64__
+    if (strcmp(name, "isa") == 0)
+        return CYCastJSValue(context, object_getClass(self));
+#endif
+
     if (objc_ivar *ivar = object_getInstanceVariable(self, name, NULL)) {
-        Type_privateData type(pool, ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
-        // XXX: if this fails and throws an exception the person we are throwing it to gets the wrong exception
-        return CYFromFFI(context, type.type_, type.GetFFI(), reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(self) + ivar_getOffset(ivar));
+        ptrdiff_t offset(ivar_getOffset(ivar));
+        void *data(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(self) + offset);
+
+        const char *encoding(ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
+        if (encoding[0] == 'b') {
+            unsigned length, shift;
+            CYBitField(length, shift, self, ivar, encoding, offset);
+            _assert(shift + length <= sizeof(uintptr_t) * 8);
+            uintptr_t &field(*reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(data));
+            uintptr_t mask((1 << length) - 1);
+            return CYCastJSValue(context, (field >> shift) & mask);
+        } else {
+            Type_privateData type(pool, ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
+            return CYFromFFI(context, type.type_, type.GetFFI(), data);
+        }
     }
 
     return NULL;
@@ -1986,9 +2095,22 @@ static bool Internal_setProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStr
     const char *name(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property));
 
     if (objc_ivar *ivar = object_getInstanceVariable(self, name, NULL)) {
-        Type_privateData type(pool, ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
-        CYPoolFFI(&pool, context, type.type_, type.GetFFI(), reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(self) + ivar_getOffset(ivar), value);
-        return true;
+        ptrdiff_t offset(ivar_getOffset(ivar));
+        void *data(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(self) + offset);
+
+        const char *encoding(ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
+        if (encoding[0] == 'b') {
+            unsigned length, shift;
+            CYBitField(length, shift, self, ivar, encoding, offset);
+            _assert(shift + length <= sizeof(uintptr_t) * 8);
+            uintptr_t &field(*reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(data));
+            uintptr_t mask((1 << length) - 1);
+            field = field & ~(mask << shift) | (uintptr_t(CYCastDouble(context, value)) & mask) << shift;
+        } else {
+            Type_privateData type(pool, ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
+            CYPoolFFI(&pool, context, type.type_, type.GetFFI(), reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(self) + ivar_getOffset(ivar), value);
+            return true;
+        }
     }
 
     return false;
@@ -2021,9 +2143,14 @@ static void Internal_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object,
     Internal_getPropertyNames_(_class, names);
 }
 
-static JSValueRef Internal_callAsFunction_$cya(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef Internal_callAsFunction_$cya(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Internal *internal(reinterpret_cast<Internal *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     return internal->GetOwner();
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
+
+static bool ObjectiveC_Classes_hasProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property) {
+    CYPool pool;
+    return objc_getClass(CYPoolCString(pool, context, property)) != Nil;
 }
 
 static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Classes_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
@@ -2034,26 +2161,38 @@ static JSValueRef ObjectiveC_Classes_getProperty(JSContextRef context, JSObjectR
     return NULL;
 } CYCatch(NULL) }
 
-static void ObjectiveC_Classes_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
 #ifdef __APPLE__
-    size_t size(objc_getClassList(NULL, 0));
+static Class *CYCopyClassList(size_t &size) {
+    size = objc_getClassList(NULL, 0);
     Class *data(reinterpret_cast<Class *>(malloc(sizeof(Class) * size)));
 
-  get:
-    size_t writ(objc_getClassList(data, size));
-    if (size < writ) {
+    for (;;) {
+        size_t writ(objc_getClassList(data, size));
+        if (writ <= size) {
+            size = writ;
+            return data;
+        }
+
+        Class *copy(reinterpret_cast<Class *>(realloc(data, sizeof(Class) * writ)));
+        if (copy == NULL) {
+            free(data);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+
+        data = copy;
         size = writ;
-        if (Class *copy = reinterpret_cast<Class *>(realloc(data, sizeof(Class) * writ))) {
-            data = copy;
-            goto get;
-        } else goto done;
     }
+}
+#endif
 
-    for (size_t i(0); i != writ; ++i)
-        JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(class_getName(data[i])));
-
-  done:
-    free(data);
+static void ObjectiveC_Classes_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSPropertyNameAccumulatorRef names) {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    size_t size;
+    if (Class *data = CYCopyClassList(size)) {
+        for (size_t i(0); i != size; ++i)
+            JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString(class_getName(data[i])));
+        free(data);
+    }
 #else
     void *state(NULL);
     while (Class _class = objc_next_class(&state))
@@ -2154,6 +2293,104 @@ static void ObjectiveC_Constants_getPropertyNames(JSContextRef context, JSObject
     JSPropertyNameAccumulatorAddName(names, CYJSString("nil"));
 }
 
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+static kern_return_t CYReadMemory(task_t task, vm_address_t address, vm_size_t size, void **data) {
+    *data = reinterpret_cast<void *>(address);
+    return KERN_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+struct CYChoice {
+    std::set<Class> query_;
+    JSContextRef context_;
+    JSObjectRef results_;
+};
+
+struct CYObjectStruct {
+    Class isa_;
+};
+
+static void choose_(task_t task, void *baton, unsigned type, vm_range_t *ranges, unsigned count) {
+    CYChoice *choice(reinterpret_cast<CYChoice *>(baton));
+    JSContextRef context(choice->context_);
+
+    for (unsigned i(0); i != count; ++i) {
+        vm_range_t &range(ranges[i]);
+        void *data(reinterpret_cast<void *>(range.address));
+        size_t size(range.size);
+
+        if (size < sizeof(CYObjectStruct))
+            continue;
+
+        uintptr_t *pointers(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(data));
+#ifdef __arm64__
+        Class isa(reinterpret_cast<Class>(pointers[0] & 0x1fffffff8));
+#else
+        Class isa(reinterpret_cast<Class>(pointers[0]));
+#endif
+
+        std::set<Class>::const_iterator result(choice->query_.find(isa));
+        if (result == choice->query_.end())
+            continue;
+
+        size_t needed(class_getInstanceSize(*result));
+        // XXX: if (size < needed)
+
+        size_t boundary(496);
+#ifdef __LP64__
+        boundary *= 2;
+#endif
+        if (needed <= boundary && (needed + 15) / 16 * 16 != size || needed > boundary && (needed + 511) / 512 * 512 != size)
+            continue;
+        CYArrayPush(context, choice->results_, CYCastJSValue(context, reinterpret_cast<id>(data)));
+    }
+}
+
+static JSValueRef choose(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    if (count != 1)
+        throw CYJSError(context, "choose() takes a class argument");
+
+    CYGarbageCollect(context);
+
+    CYPool pool;
+    Class _class(CYCastNSObject(&pool, context, arguments[0]));
+
+    vm_address_t *zones(NULL);
+    unsigned size(0);
+    kern_return_t error(malloc_get_all_zones(0, &CYReadMemory, &zones, &size));
+    _assert(error == KERN_SUCCESS);
+
+    JSObjectRef Array(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Array")));
+    JSObjectRef results(_jsccall(JSObjectCallAsConstructor, context, Array, 0, NULL));
+
+    CYChoice choice;
+    choice.context_ = context;
+    choice.results_ = results;
+
+    size_t number;
+    Class *classes(CYCopyClassList(number));
+    _assert(classes != NULL);
+
+    for (size_t i(0); i != number; ++i)
+        for (Class current(classes[i]); current != Nil; current = class_getSuperclass(current))
+            if (current == _class) {
+                choice.query_.insert(classes[i]);
+                break;
+            }
+
+    free(classes);
+
+    for (unsigned i(0); i != size; ++i) {
+        const malloc_zone_t *zone(reinterpret_cast<const malloc_zone_t *>(zones[i]));
+        if (zone == NULL || zone->introspect == NULL)
+            continue;
+
+        zone->introspect->enumerator(mach_task_self(), &choice, MALLOC_PTR_IN_USE_RANGE_TYPE, zones[i], &CYReadMemory, &choose_);
+    }
+
+    return results;
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
+#endif
+
 #ifdef __APPLE__
 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
 #define OBJC_MAX_STRUCT_BY_VALUE 8
@@ -2179,7 +2416,7 @@ static bool stret(ffi_type *ffi_type) {
 #endif
 #endif
 
-JSValueRef CYSendMessage(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, id self, Class _class, SEL _cmd, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], bool initialize, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+JSValueRef CYSendMessage(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, id self, Class _class, SEL _cmd, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], bool initialize) {
     const char *type;
 
     if (_class == NULL)
@@ -2246,10 +2483,10 @@ JSValueRef CYSendMessage(CYPool &pool, JSContextRef context, id self, Class _cla
     }
 
     void (*function)() = reinterpret_cast<void (*)()>(imp);
-    return CYCallFunction(pool, context, 2, setup, count, arguments, initialize, exception, &signature, &cif, function);
-} CYCatch(NULL) }
+    return CYCallFunction(pool, context, 2, setup, count, arguments, initialize, &signature, &cif, function);
+}
 
-static JSValueRef $objc_msgSend(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+static JSValueRef $objc_msgSend(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[]) {
     if (count < 2)
         throw CYJSError(context, "too few arguments to objc_msgSend");
 
@@ -2284,18 +2521,22 @@ static JSValueRef $objc_msgSend(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObje
 
     _cmd = CYCastSEL(context, arguments[1]);
 
-    return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, _class, _cmd, count - 2, arguments + 2, uninitialized, exception);
+    return CYSendMessage(pool, context, self, _class, _cmd, count - 2, arguments + 2, uninitialized);
+}
+
+static JSValueRef $objc_msgSend(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    return $objc_msgSend(context, object, _this, count, arguments);
 } CYCatch(NULL) }
 
-static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     JSValueRef setup[count + 2];
     setup[0] = _this;
     setup[1] = object;
     memcpy(setup + 2, arguments, sizeof(JSValueRef) * count);
-    return $objc_msgSend(context, NULL, NULL, count + 2, setup, exception);
-}
+    return $objc_msgSend(context, NULL, NULL, count + 2, setup);
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
 
-static JSValueRef Message_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef Message_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     CYPool pool;
     Message_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Message_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
 
@@ -2306,12 +2547,12 @@ static JSValueRef Message_callAsFunction(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef objec
     setup[0] = &self;
     setup[1] = &internal->sel_;
 
-    return CYCallFunction(pool, context, 2, setup, count, arguments, false, exception, &internal->signature_, &internal->cif_, internal->GetValue());
-}
+    return CYCallFunction(pool, context, 2, setup, count, arguments, false, &internal->signature_, &internal->cif_, internal->GetValue());
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
 
 static JSObjectRef Super_new(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     if (count != 2)
-        throw CYJSError(context, "incorrect number of arguments to Super constructor");
+        throw CYJSError(context, "incorrect number of arguments to objc_super constructor");
     CYPool pool;
     id self(CYCastNSObject(&pool, context, arguments[0]));
     Class _class(CYCastClass(pool, context, arguments[1]));
@@ -2333,12 +2574,12 @@ static JSObjectRef Instance_new(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, size_t
     return CYMakeInstance(context, self, false);
 } CYCatch(NULL) }
 
-static JSValueRef CYValue_getProperty_value(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef CYValue_getProperty_value(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     CYValue *internal(reinterpret_cast<CYValue *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     return CYCastJSValue(context, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(internal->value_));
-}
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
 
-static JSValueRef CYValue_callAsFunction_$cya(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef CYValue_callAsFunction_$cya(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     CYValue *internal(reinterpret_cast<CYValue *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
     Type_privateData *typical(internal->GetType());
 
@@ -2354,12 +2595,24 @@ static JSValueRef CYValue_callAsFunction_$cya(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef
     }
 
     return CYMakePointer(context, &internal->value_, _not(size_t), type, ffi, object);
-}
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
+
+static JSValueRef FunctionInstance_getProperty_type(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
+    Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
+    const char *encoding(CYBlockEncoding(internal->GetValue()));
+    if (encoding == NULL)
+        return CYJSNull(context);
+    // XXX: this should be stored on a FunctionInstance private value subclass
+    CYPool pool;
+    sig::Signature signature;
+    sig::Parse(pool, &signature, encoding, &Structor_);
+    return CYMakeType(context, &signature);
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
 
-static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_constructor(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_constructor(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     return Instance::Make(context, (id) object_getClass(internal->GetValue()));
-}
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
 
 static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_prototype(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
@@ -2369,13 +2622,13 @@ static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_prototype(JSContextRef context, JSObjectR
     return CYGetClassPrototype(context, self);
 } CYCatch(NULL) }
 
-static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_messages(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) {
+static JSValueRef Instance_getProperty_messages(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSStringRef property, JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     Instance *internal(reinterpret_cast<Instance *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(object)));
     id self(internal->GetValue());
     if (!CYIsClass(self))
         return CYJSUndefined(context);
     return Messages::Make(context, (Class) self);
-}
+} CYCatch(NULL) }
 
 static JSValueRef Instance_callAsFunction_toCYON(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef object, JSObjectRef _this, size_t count, const JSValueRef arguments[], JSValueRef *exception) { CYTry {
     if (!CYJSValueIsNSObject(context, _this))
@@ -2495,16 +2748,13 @@ static JSValueRef Selector_callAsFunction_type(JSContextRef context, JSObjectRef
     Selector_privateData *internal(reinterpret_cast<Selector_privateData *>(JSObjectGetPrivate(_this)));
     SEL sel(internal->GetValue());
 
-    objc_method *method;
-    if (Class _class = CYCastClass(pool, context, arguments[0]))
-        method = class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel);
-    else
-        method = NULL;
+    Class _class(_require(CYCastClass(pool, context, arguments[0])));
+    objc_method *method(_require(class_getInstanceMethod(_class, sel)));
+    const char *encoding(method_getTypeEncoding(method));
 
-    if (const char *type = CYPoolTypeEncoding(pool, context, sel, method))
-        return CYCastJSValue(context, CYJSString(type));
-
-    return CYJSNull(context);
+    sig::Signature signature;
+    sig::Parse(pool, &signature, encoding, &Structor_);
+    return CYMakeType(context, &signature);
 } CYCatch(NULL) }
 
 static JSStaticValue Selector_staticValues[2] = {
@@ -2512,6 +2762,7 @@ static JSStaticValue Selector_staticValues[2] = {
     {NULL, NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 
+// XXX: this is sadly duplicated in FunctionInstance_staticValues
 static JSStaticValue Instance_staticValues[5] = {
     {"constructor", &Instance_getProperty_constructor, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {"messages", &Instance_getProperty_messages, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
@@ -2520,6 +2771,16 @@ static JSStaticValue Instance_staticValues[5] = {
     {NULL, NULL, NULL, 0}
 };
 
+static JSStaticValue FunctionInstance_staticValues[6] = {
+    {"type", &FunctionInstance_getProperty_type, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    // XXX: this is sadly a duplicate of Instance_staticValues
+    {"constructor", &Instance_getProperty_constructor, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    {"messages", &Instance_getProperty_messages, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    {"prototype", &Instance_getProperty_prototype, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    {"value", &CYValue_getProperty_value, NULL, kJSPropertyAttributeReadOnly | kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
+    {NULL, NULL, NULL, 0}
+};
+
 static JSStaticFunction Instance_staticFunctions[7] = {
     {"$cya", &CYValue_callAsFunction_$cya, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
     {"toCYON", &Instance_callAsFunction_toCYON, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum | kJSPropertyAttributeDontDelete},
@@ -2549,7 +2810,7 @@ static JSStaticFunction Selector_staticFunctions[5] = {
 };
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
-JSValueRef NSCFType$cy$toJSON$inContext$(id self, SEL sel, JSValueRef key, JSContextRef context) { CYObjectiveTry_(context) {
+JSValueRef NSCFType$cy$toJSON$inContext$(id self, SEL sel, JSValueRef key, JSContextRef context) { CYObjectiveTry_ {
     return CYCastJSValue(context, [(NSString *) CFCopyDescription((CFTypeRef) self) autorelease]);
 } CYObjectiveCatch }
 #endif
@@ -2564,26 +2825,34 @@ void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
     Object_type = new(pool) Type_privateData("@");
     Selector_type = new(pool) Type_privateData(":");
 
+    NSArray_ = objc_getClass("NSArray");
+    NSBlock_ = objc_getClass("NSBlock");
+    NSDictionary_ = objc_getClass("NSDictionary");
+    NSNumber_ = objc_getClass("NSNumber");
+    NSString_ = objc_getClass("NSString");
+    Object_ = objc_getClass("Object");
+
 #ifdef __APPLE__
+    __NSMallocBlock__ = objc_getClass("__NSMallocBlock__");
+
     // XXX: apparently, iOS now has both of these
     NSCFBoolean_ = objc_getClass("__NSCFBoolean");
     if (NSCFBoolean_ == nil)
         NSCFBoolean_ = objc_getClass("NSCFBoolean");
 
     NSCFType_ = objc_getClass("NSCFType");
-    NSGenericDeallocHandler_ = objc_getClass("__NSGenericDeallocHandler");
-    NSMessageBuilder_ = objc_getClass("NSMessageBuilder");
+
     NSZombie_ = objc_getClass("_NSZombie_");
+
+    banned_.insert(Object_);
+    banned_.insert(objc_getClass("__NSAtom"));
+    banned_.insert(objc_getClass("__NSGenericDeallocHandler"));
+    banned_.insert(objc_getClass("NSMessageBuilder"));
+    banned_.insert(objc_getClass("__NSMessageBuilder"));
 #else
     NSBoolNumber_ = objc_getClass("NSBoolNumber");
 #endif
 
-    NSArray_ = objc_getClass("NSArray");
-    NSBlock_ = objc_getClass("NSBlock");
-    NSDictionary_ = objc_getClass("NSDictionary");
-    NSString_ = objc_getClass("NSString");
-    Object_ = objc_getClass("Object");
-
     JSClassDefinition definition;
 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
@@ -2596,7 +2865,6 @@ void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
     definition.deleteProperty = &Instance_deleteProperty;
     definition.getPropertyNames = &Instance_getPropertyNames;
     definition.callAsConstructor = &Instance_callAsConstructor;
-    definition.callAsFunction = &Instance_callAsFunction;
     definition.hasInstance = &Instance_hasInstance;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;
     Instance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
@@ -2604,8 +2872,11 @@ void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
     definition.className = "ArrayInstance";
     ArrayInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
 
-    definition.className = "FunctionInstance";
-    FunctionInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+    definition.className = "BooleanInstance";
+    BooleanInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+
+    definition.className = "NumberInstance";
+    NumberInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
 
     definition.className = "ObjectInstance";
     ObjectInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
@@ -2613,6 +2884,11 @@ void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
     definition.className = "StringInstance";
     StringInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
 
+    definition.className = "FunctionInstance";
+    definition.staticValues = FunctionInstance_staticValues;
+    definition.callAsFunction = &FunctionInstance_callAsFunction;
+    FunctionInstance_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
+
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "Class";
     definition.staticFunctions = Class_staticFunctions;
@@ -2631,6 +2907,7 @@ void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "Message";
     definition.staticFunctions = cy::Functor::StaticFunctions;
+    definition.staticValues = cy::Functor::StaticValues;
     definition.callAsFunction = &Message_callAsFunction;
     definition.finalize = &CYFinalize;
     Message_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
@@ -2663,6 +2940,7 @@ void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
 
     definition = kJSClassDefinitionEmpty;
     definition.className = "ObjectiveC::Classes";
+    definition.hasProperty = &ObjectiveC_Classes_hasProperty;
     definition.getProperty = &ObjectiveC_Classes_getProperty;
     definition.getPropertyNames = &ObjectiveC_Classes_getPropertyNames;
     ObjectiveC_Classes_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
@@ -2694,8 +2972,13 @@ void CYObjectiveC_Initialize() { /*XXX*/ JSContextRef context(NULL); CYPoolTry {
     ObjectiveC_Protocols_ = JSClassCreate(&definition);
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
+// XXX: this is horrible; there has to be a better way to do this
+#ifdef __LP64__
+    class_addMethod(NSCFType_, @selector(cy$toJSON:inContext:), reinterpret_cast<IMP>(&NSCFType$cy$toJSON$inContext$), "^{OpaqueJSValue=}32@0:8@16^{OpaqueJSContext=}24");
+#else
     class_addMethod(NSCFType_, @selector(cy$toJSON:inContext:), reinterpret_cast<IMP>(&NSCFType$cy$toJSON$inContext$), "^{OpaqueJSValue=}16@0:4@8^{OpaqueJSContext=}12");
 #endif
+#endif
 } CYPoolCatch() }
 
 void CYObjectiveC_SetupContext(JSContextRef context) { CYPoolTry {
@@ -2739,12 +3022,24 @@ void CYObjectiveC_SetupContext(JSContextRef context) { CYPoolTry {
     JSObjectRef Array_prototype(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Array_prototype")));
     JSObjectSetPrototype(context, ArrayInstance_prototype, Array_prototype);
 
+    JSObjectRef BooleanInstance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, BooleanInstance_, NULL));
+    JSObjectRef BooleanInstance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, BooleanInstance, prototype_s)));
+    CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("BooleanInstance_prototype"), BooleanInstance_prototype);
+    JSObjectRef Boolean_prototype(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Boolean_prototype")));
+    JSObjectSetPrototype(context, BooleanInstance_prototype, Boolean_prototype);
+
     JSObjectRef FunctionInstance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, FunctionInstance_, NULL));
     JSObjectRef FunctionInstance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, FunctionInstance, prototype_s)));
     CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("FunctionInstance_prototype"), FunctionInstance_prototype);
     JSObjectRef Function_prototype(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Function_prototype")));
     JSObjectSetPrototype(context, FunctionInstance_prototype, Function_prototype);
 
+    JSObjectRef NumberInstance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, NumberInstance_, NULL));
+    JSObjectRef NumberInstance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, NumberInstance, prototype_s)));
+    CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("NumberInstance_prototype"), NumberInstance_prototype);
+    JSObjectRef Number_prototype(CYGetCachedObject(context, CYJSString("Number_prototype")));
+    JSObjectSetPrototype(context, NumberInstance_prototype, Number_prototype);
+
     JSObjectRef ObjectInstance(JSObjectMakeConstructor(context, ObjectInstance_, NULL));
     JSObjectRef ObjectInstance_prototype(CYCastJSObject(context, CYGetProperty(context, ObjectInstance, prototype_s)));
     CYSetProperty(context, cy, CYJSString("ObjectInstance_prototype"), ObjectInstance_prototype);
@@ -2763,13 +3058,13 @@ void CYObjectiveC_SetupContext(JSContextRef context) { CYPoolTry {
 
     CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("Instance"), Instance);
     CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("Selector"), Selector);
-    CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("Super"), Super);
+    CYSetProperty(context, cycript, CYJSString("objc_super"), Super);
 
     JSObjectRef box(JSObjectMakeFunctionWithCallback(context, CYJSString("box"), &Instance_box_callAsFunction));
-    CYSetProperty(context, Instance, CYJSString("box"), box);
+    CYSetProperty(context, Instance, CYJSString("box"), box, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);
 
-#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__arm__) && 0
-    CYSetProperty(context, all, CYJSString("objc_registerClassPair"), &objc_registerClassPair_, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    CYSetProperty(context, all, CYJSString("choose"), &choose, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);
 #endif
 
     CYSetProperty(context, all, CYJSString("objc_msgSend"), &$objc_msgSend, kJSPropertyAttributeDontEnum);
@@ -2795,3 +3090,26 @@ struct CYObjectiveC {
         _assert(hooks_ != NULL);
     }
 } CYObjectiveC;
+
+extern "C" void CydgetSetupContext(JSGlobalContextRef context) { CYObjectiveTry_ {
+    CYSetupContext(context);
+} CYObjectiveCatch }
+
+extern "C" void CydgetMemoryParse(const uint16_t **data, size_t *size) { try {
+    CYPool pool;
+
+    CYUTF8String utf8(CYPoolUTF8String(pool, CYUTF16String(*data, *size)));
+    CYStream stream(utf8.data, utf8.data + utf8.size);
+    utf8 = CYPoolCode(pool, stream);
+
+    CYUTF16String utf16(CYPoolUTF16String(pool, CYUTF8String(utf8.data, utf8.size)));
+    size_t bytes(utf16.size * sizeof(uint16_t));
+    uint16_t *copy(reinterpret_cast<uint16_t *>(malloc(bytes)));
+    memcpy(copy, utf16.data, bytes);
+
+    *data = copy;
+    *size = utf16.size;
+} catch (const CYException &exception) {
+    CYPool pool;
+    @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSRangeException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%s", exception.PoolCString(pool)] userInfo:nil];
+} }